1
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Salzer J, Feltri ML, Jacob C. Schwann Cell Development and Myelination. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2024; 16:a041360. [PMID: 38503507 PMCID: PMC11368196 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Glial cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which arise from the neural crest, include axon-associated Schwann cells (SCs) in nerves, synapse-associated SCs at the neuromuscular junction, enteric glia, perikaryon-associated satellite cells in ganglia, and boundary cap cells at the border between the central nervous system (CNS) and the PNS. Here, we focus on axon-associated SCs. These SCs progress through a series of formative stages, which culminate in the generation of myelinating SCs that wrap large-caliber axons and of nonmyelinating (Remak) SCs that enclose multiple, small-caliber axons. In this work, we describe SC development, extrinsic signals from the axon and extracellular matrix (ECM) and the intracellular signaling pathways they activate that regulate SC development, and the morphogenesis and organization of myelinating SCs and the myelin sheath. We review the impact of SCs on the biology and integrity of axons and their emerging role in regulating peripheral nerve architecture. Finally, we explain how transcription and epigenetic factors control and fine-tune SC development and myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Salzer
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - M Laura Feltri
- Institute for Myelin and Glia Exploration, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203, USA
- IRCCS Neurological Institute Carlo Besta, Milano 20133, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Translational Sciences, Universita' Degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Claire Jacob
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz 55128, Germany
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2
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Zhou J, Zhang L, Peng J, Zhang X, Zhang F, Wu Y, Huang A, Du F, Liao Y, He Y, Xie Y, Gu L, Kuang C, Ou W, Xie M, Tu T, Pang J, Zhang D, Guo K, Feng Y, Yin S, Cao Y, Li T, Jiang Y. Astrocytic LRP1 enables mitochondria transfer to neurons and mitigates brain ischemic stroke by suppressing ARF1 lactylation. Cell Metab 2024; 36:2054-2068.e14. [PMID: 38906140 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) is an endocytic/signaling cell-surface receptor that regulates diverse cellular functions, including cell survival, differentiation, and proliferation. LRP1 has been previously implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, but there are inconsistencies in its functions. Therefore, whether and how LRP1 maintains brain homeostasis remains to be clarified. Here, we report that astrocytic LRP1 promotes astrocyte-to-neuron mitochondria transfer by reducing lactate production and ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) lactylation. In astrocytes, LRP1 suppressed glucose uptake, glycolysis, and lactate production, leading to reduced lactylation of ARF1. Suppression of astrocytic LRP1 reduced mitochondria transfer into damaged neurons and worsened ischemia-reperfusion injury in a mouse model of ischemic stroke. Furthermore, we examined lactate levels in human patients with stroke. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate was elevated in stroke patients and inversely correlated with astrocytic mitochondria. These findings reveal a protective role of LRP1 in brain ischemic stroke by enabling mitochondria-mediated astrocyte-neuron crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jianhua Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xianhui Zhang
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - An Huang
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Fengling Du
- Department of Neonatology, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yuyan Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yijing He
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yuke Xie
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Long Gu
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Chenghao Kuang
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Wei Ou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondrial Metabolism and Perioperative Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Maodi Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondrial Metabolism and Perioperative Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tianqi Tu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jinwei Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Dingkun Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kecheng Guo
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yue Feng
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Shigang Yin
- Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Mitochondrial Metabolism and Perioperative Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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3
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Lian B, Zhang J, Yin X, Wang J, Li L, Ju Q, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Liu X, Chen Y, Tang X, Sun C. SIRT1 improves lactate homeostasis in the brain to alleviate parkinsonism via deacetylation and inhibition of PKM2. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101684. [PMID: 39128469 PMCID: PMC11384727 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a histone deacetylase and plays diverse functions in various physiological events, from development to lifespan regulation. Here, in Parkinson's disease (PD) model mice, we demonstrated that SIRT1 ameliorates parkinsonism, while SIRT1 knockdown further aggravates PD phenotypes. Mechanistically, SIRT1 interacts with and deacetylates pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) at K135 and K206, thus leading to reduced PKM2 enzyme activity and lactate production, which eventually results in decreased glial activation in the brain. Administration of lactate in the brain recapitulates PD-like phenotypes. Furthermore, increased expression of PKM2 worsens PD symptoms, and, on the contrary, inhibition of PKM2 by shikonin or PKM2-IN-1 alleviates parkinsonism in mice. Collectively, our data indicate that excessive lactate in the brain might be involved in the progression of PD. By improving lactate homeostasis, SIRT1, together with PKM2, are likely drug targets for developing agents for the treatment of neurodegeneration in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Lian
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China; School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Xiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Jiayan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Qianqian Ju
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Yuejun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Yuhui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Xin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
| | - Cheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
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4
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Yang X, Chen YH, Liu L, Gu Z, You Y, Hao JR, Sun N, Gao C. Regulation of glycolysis-derived L-lactate production in astrocytes rescues the memory deficits and Aβ burden in early Alzheimer's disease models. Pharmacol Res 2024; 208:107357. [PMID: 39159732 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Aberrant energy metabolism in the brain is a common pathological feature in the preclinical Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Recent studies have reported the early elevations of glycolysis-involved enzymes in AD brain and cerebrospinal fluid according to a large-scale proteomic analysis. It's well-known that astrocytes exhibit strong glycolytic metabolic ability and play a key role in the regulation of brain homeostasis. However, its relationship with glycolytic changes and cognitive deficits in early AD patients is unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which astrocyte glycolysis is involved in early AD and its potential as a therapeutic target. Our results suggest that Aβ-activated microglia can induce glycolytic-enhanced astrocytes in vitro, and that these processes are dependent on the activation of the AKT-mTOR-HIF-1α pathway. In early AD models, the increase in L-lactate produced by enhanced glycolysis of astrocytes leads to spatial cognitive impairment by disrupting synaptic plasticity and accelerating Aβ aggregation. Furthermore, we find rapamycin, the mTOR inhibitor, can rescue the impaired spatial memory and Aβ burden by inhibiting the glycolysis-derived L-lactate in the early AD models. In conclusion, we highlight that astrocytic glycolysis plays a critical role in the early onset of AD and that the modulation of glycolysis-derived L-lactate by rapamycin provides a new strategy for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Yuan-Hao Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Le Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Zheng Gu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Yue You
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Jing-Ru Hao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Nan Sun
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Can Gao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
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5
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Miao Z, Jiang Y, Wang F, Shi L, Zhou R, Niu Y, Zhang L. Clinical concentration of sevoflurane had no short-term effect on the myelin sheath in prefrontal cortex of aged marmosets. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1447743. [PMID: 39176380 PMCID: PMC11338887 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1447743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The fragile brain includes both the developing brain in childhood and the deteriorating brain in elderly. While the effects of general anesthesia on the myelin sheath of developing brain have been well-documented, limited research has explored its impact on degenerating brain in elderly individuals. Methods In our study, aged marmosets in control group were only anesthetized with 6-8% sevoflurane and 100% oxygen (2 L/min) for 1-2 min for anesthesia induction. In addition to anesthesia induction, the anesthesia group was exposed to a clinical concentration of sevoflurane (1.5-2%) for 6 h to maintain anesthesia. After anesthesia, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and artificial intelligence-assisted image analysis were utilized to observe the effects of general anesthesia on the myelin sheath in prefrontal cortex (PFC) of aged marmosets. Results Compared with the control group, our findings revealed no evidence that 6 h of sevoflurane general anesthesia altered the thickness of myelin sheath, the diameter of myelinated axons, and the g-ratio in prefrontal cortex of aged marmosets. Conclusion Clinical concentration of sevoflurane may have no short-term effect on the myelin sheath in prefrontal cortex of aged marmosets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingling Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixuan Niu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wang MY, Zhou Y, Li WL, Zhu LQ, Liu D. Friend or foe: Lactate in neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 101:102452. [PMID: 39127445 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Lactate, a byproduct of glycolysis, was considered as a metabolic waste until identified by studies on the Warburg effect. Increasing evidence elucidates that lactate functions as energy fuel, signaling molecule, and donor for protein lactylation. Altered lactate utilization is a common metabolic feature of the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. This review offers an overview of lactate metabolism from the perspective of production, transportation and clearance, and the role of lactate in neurodegenerative progression, as well as a summary of protein lactylation and the signaling function of lactate in neurodegenerative diseases. Besides, this review delves into the dual roles of changed lactate metabolism during neurodegeneration and explores prospective therapeutic methods targeting lactate. We propose that elucidating the correlation between lactate and neurodegeneration is pivotal for exploring innovative therapeutic interventions for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yu Wang
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Wen-Lian Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ling-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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7
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Li H, Sun J, Wu Y, Yang Y, Zhang W, Tian Y. Honokiol relieves hippocampal neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease by activating the SIRT3-mediated mitochondrial autophagy. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14878. [PMID: 39097923 PMCID: PMC11298204 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work elucidated the effect of honokiol (HKL) on hippocampal neuronal mitochondrial function in Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS APP/PS1 mice were used as AD mice models and exposed to HKL and 3-TYP. Morris water maze experiment was performed to appraise cognitive performance of mice. Hippocampal Aβ+ plaque deposition and neuronal survival was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Nissl staining. Hippocampal neurons were dissociated from C57BL/6 mouse embryos. Hippocampal neuronal AD model was constructed by Aβ oligomers induction and treated with HKL, CsA and 3-TYP. Neuronal viability and apoptosis were detected by cell counting kit-8 assay and TUNEL staining. mRFP-eGFP-LC3 assay, MitoSOX Red, dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, and JC-1 staining were performed to monitor neuronal autophagosomes, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), neuronal ROS, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Autophagy-related proteins were detected by Western blot. RESULTS In AD mice, HKL improved cognitive function, relieved hippocampal Aβ1-42 plaque deposition, promoted hippocampal neuron survival, and activated hippocampal SIRT3 expression and mitochondrial autophagy. These effects of HKL on AD mice were abolished by 3-TYP treatment. In hippocampal neuronal AD model, HKL increased neuronal activity, attenuated neuronal apoptosis and Aβ aggregation, activated SIRT3 and mitochondrial autophagy, reduced mitochondrial and neuronal ROS, and elevated mitochondrial membrane potential. CsA treatment and 3-TYP treatment abrogated the protection of HKL on hippocampal neuronal AD model. The promotion of mitochondrial autophagy by HKL in hippocampal neuronal AD model was counteracted by 3-TYP. CONCLUSIONS HKL activates SIRT3-mediated mitochondrial autophagy to mitigate hippocampal neuronal damage in AD. HKL may be effective in treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jinmei Sun
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yili Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou Medical University, Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health)WenzhouChina
| | - Yishu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuanruhua Tian
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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8
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Li Y, Cao Q, Hu Y, He B, Cao T, Tang Y, Zhou XP, Lan XP, Liu SQ. Advances in the interaction of glycolytic reprogramming with lactylation. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116982. [PMID: 38906019 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactylation is a novel post-translational modification (PTM) involving proteins that is induced by lactate accumulation. Histone lysine lactylation alters chromatin spatial configuration, influencing gene transcription and regulating the expression of associated genes. This modification plays a crucial role as an epigenetic regulatory factor in the progression of various diseases. Glycolytic reprogramming is one of the most extensively studied forms of metabolic reprogramming, recognized as a key hallmark of cancer cells. It is characterized by an increase in glycolysis and the inhibition of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, accompanied by significant lactate production and accumulation. The two processes are closely linked by lactate, which interacts in various physiological and pathological processes. On the one hand, lactylation levels generally correlate positively with the extent of glycolytic reprogramming, being directly influenced by the lactate concentration produced during glycolytic reprogramming. On the other hand, lactylation can also regulate glycolytic pathways by affecting the transcription and structural functions of essential glycolytic enzymes. This review comprehensively outlines the mechanisms of lactylation and glycolytic reprogramming and their interactions in tumor progression, immunity, and inflammation, with the aim of elucidating the relationship between glycolytic reprogramming and lactylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yibao Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Bisha He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Ting Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiang Ping Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiao Peng Lan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Shuang Quan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Institution of microbiology and infectious diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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9
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Hao B, Chen K, Zhai L, Liu M, Liu B, Tan M. Substrate and Functional Diversity of Protein Lysine Post-translational Modifications. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2024; 22:qzae019. [PMID: 38862432 DOI: 10.1093/gpbjnl/qzae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Lysine post-translational modifications (PTMs) are widespread and versatile protein PTMs that are involved in diverse biological processes by regulating the fundamental functions of histone and non-histone proteins. Dysregulation of lysine PTMs is implicated in many diseases, and targeting lysine PTM regulatory factors, including writers, erasers, and readers, has become an effective strategy for disease therapy. The continuing development of mass spectrometry (MS) technologies coupled with antibody-based affinity enrichment technologies greatly promotes the discovery and decoding of PTMs. The global characterization of lysine PTMs is crucial for deciphering the regulatory networks, molecular functions, and mechanisms of action of lysine PTMs. In this review, we focus on lysine PTMs, and provide a summary of the regulatory enzymes of diverse lysine PTMs and the proteomics advances in lysine PTMs by MS technologies. We also discuss the types and biological functions of lysine PTM crosstalks on histone and non-histone proteins and current druggable targets of lysine PTM regulatory factors for disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Kaifeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Linhui Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Muyin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Minjia Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
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10
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Zhang N, Ji Q, Chen Y, Wen X, Shan F. TREM2 deficiency impairs the energy metabolism of Schwann cells and exacerbates peripheral neurological deficits. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:193. [PMID: 38453910 PMCID: PMC10920707 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06579-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) has been implicated in susceptibility to neurodegenerative disease. Schwann cells (SCs), the predominant glial cell type in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), play a crucial role in myelination, providing trophic support for neurons and nerve regeneration. However, the function of TREM2 in SCs has not been fully elucidated. Here, we found that TREM2 is expressed in SCs but not in neurons in the PNS. TREM2 deficiency leads to disruption of glycolytic flux and oxidative metabolism in SCs, impairing cell proliferation. The energy crisis caused by TREM2 deficiency triggers mitochondrial damage and autophagy by activating AMPK and impairing PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling. Combined metabolomic analysis demonstrated that energic substrates and energy metabolic pathways were significantly impaired in TREM2-deficient SCs. Moreover, TREM2 deficiency impairs energy metabolism and axonal growth in sciatic nerve, accompanied by exacerbation of neurological deficits and suppression of nerve regeneration in a mouse model of acute motor axonal neuropathy. These results indicate that TREM2 is a critical regulator of energy metabolism in SCs and exerts neuroprotective effects on peripheral neuropathy. TREM2 deficiency impairs glycolysis and oxidative metabolism in Schwann cells, resulting in compromised cell proliferation. The energy crisis caused by TREM2 deficiency induces mitochondrial damage and autophagy by activating AMPK and impairing PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling. Moreover, TREM2 deficiency disrupts the energy metabolism of the sciatic nerve and impairs support for axonal regeneration, accompanied by exacerbation of neurological deficits and suppression of nerve regeneration in a mouse model of acute motor axonal neuropathy (by FigDraw).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Zhang
- Medical Research Centre, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Qingjie Ji
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Xiwu Wen
- Medical Research Centre, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Fangzhen Shan
- Medical Research Centre, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.
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11
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Trimarco A, Audano M, Marca RL, Cariello M, Falco M, Pedretti S, Imperato G, Cestaro A, Podini P, Dina G, Quattrini A, Massimino L, Caruso D, Mitro N, Taveggia C. Prostaglandin D2 synthase controls Schwann cells metabolism. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.29.582775. [PMID: 38496560 PMCID: PMC10942270 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.29.582775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
We previously reported that in the absence of Prostaglandin D2 synthase (L-PGDS) peripheral nerves are hypomyelinated in development and that with aging they present aberrant myelin sheaths. We now demonstrate that L-PGDS expressed in Schwann cells is part of a coordinated program aiming at preserving myelin integrity. In vivo and in vitro lipidomic, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses confirmed that myelin lipids composition, Schwann cells energetic metabolism and key enzymes controlling these processes are altered in the absence of L-PGDS. Moreover, Schwann cells undergo a metabolic rewiring and turn to acetate as the main energetic source. Further, they produce ketone bodies to ensure glial cell and neuronal survival. Importantly, we demonstrate that all these changes correlate with morphological myelin alterations and describe the first physiological pathway implicated in preserving PNS myelin. Collectively, we posit that myelin lipids serve as a reservoir to provide ketone bodies, which together with acetate represent the adaptive substrates Schwann cells can rely on to sustain the axo-glial unit and preserve the integrity of the PNS.
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12
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Li H, Zeng F, Huang C, Pu Q, Thomas ER, Chen Y, Li X. The potential role of glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14411. [PMID: 37577934 PMCID: PMC10848100 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, which can cause progressive deterioration of motor function causing muscle stiffness, tremor, and bradykinesia. In this review, we hope to describe approaches that can improve the life of PD patients through modifications of energy metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS The main pathological features of PD are the progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and the production of Lewy bodies. Abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) leading to the formation of Lewy bodies is closely associated with neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. The main causes of PD are said to be mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, and abnormal protein aggregation. Presence of abnormal energy metabolism is another cause of PD. Many studies have found significant differences between neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic decompensation, which has become a biological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. SUMMARY In this review, we highlight the relationship between abnormal energy metabolism (Glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism) and PD. Improvement of key molecules in glucose metabolism, fat metabolism, and amino acid metabolism (e.g., glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, triglycerides, and levodopa) might be potentially beneficial in PD. Some of these metabolic indicators may serve well during the diagnosis of PD. In addition, modulation of these metabolic pathways may be a potential target for the treatment and prevention of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangzhen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Fancai Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Cancan Huang
- Department of DermatologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Qiqi Pu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | | | - Yan Chen
- Department of DermatologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
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13
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Shan F, Zhang N, Yao X, Li Y, Wang Z, Zhang C, Wang Y. Mechanosensitive channel of large conductance enhances the mechanical stretching-induced upregulation of glycolysis and oxidative metabolism in Schwann cells. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:93. [PMID: 38302971 PMCID: PMC10835878 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01497-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical exercise directly stretching the peripheral nerve promotes nerve regeneration; however, its action mechanism remains elusive. Our present study aimed to investigate the effects of mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) activated by mechanical stretching on the cultured Schwann cells (SCs) and explore the possible mechanism. METHODS Primary SCs from neonatal mice at 3-5 days of age were derived and transfected with the lentivirus vector expressing a mutant version of MscL, MscL-G22S. We first detected the cell viability and calcium ion (Ca2+) influx in the MscL-G22S-expressing SCs with low-intensity mechanical stretching and the controls. Proteomic and energy metabolomics analyses were performed to investigate the comprehensive effects of MscL-G22S activation on SCs. Measurement of glycolysis- and oxidative phosphorylation-related molecules and ATP production were respectively performed to further validate the effects of MscL-G22S activation on SCs. Finally, the roles of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in the mechanism of energy metabolism modulation of SCs by MscL-G22S activation was investigated. RESULTS Mechanical stretching-induced MscL-G22S activation significantly increased the cell viability and Ca2+ influx into the SCs. Both the proteomic and targeted energy metabolomics analysis indicated the upregulation of energy metabolism as the main action mechanism of MscL-G22S-activation on SCs. MscL-G22S-activated SCs showed significant upregulation of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation when SCs with stretching alone had only mild upregulation of energy metabolism than those without stimuli. MscL-G22S activation caused significant phosphorylation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and upregulation of HIF-1α/c-Myc. Inhibition of PI3K abolished the MscL-G22S activation-induced upregulation of HIF-1α/c-Myc signaling in SCs and reduced the levels of glycolysis- and oxidative phosphorylation-related substrates and mitochondrial activity. CONCLUSION Mechanical stretching activates MscL-G22S to significantly promote the energy metabolism of SCs and the production of energic substrates, which may be applied to enhance nerve regeneration via the glia-axonal metabolic coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhen Shan
- Medical Research Centre, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaoying Yao
- Medical Research Centre, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining City, Shandong Province, 272029, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chuanji Zhang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuzhong Wang
- Medical Research Centre, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China.
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining City, Shandong Province, 272029, China.
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14
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Zhang Y, Liu L, Qi Y, Lou J, Chen Y, Liu C, Li H, Chang X, Hu Z, Li Y, Zhang Y, Feng C, Zhou Y, Zhai Y, Li C. Lactic acid promotes nucleus pulposus cell senescence and corresponding intervertebral disc degeneration via interacting with Akt. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:24. [PMID: 38212432 PMCID: PMC11071984 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05094-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of metabolites in the intervertebral disc is considered an important cause of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Lactic acid, which is a metabolite that is produced by cellular anaerobic glycolysis, has been proven to be closely associated with IVDD. However, little is known about the role of lactic acid in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) senescence and oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lactic acid on NPCs senescence and oxidative stress as well as the underlying mechanism. A puncture-induced disc degeneration (PIDD) model was established in rats. Metabolomics analysis revealed that lactic acid levels were significantly increased in degenerated intervertebral discs. Elimination of excessive lactic acid using a lactate oxidase (LOx)-overexpressing lentivirus alleviated the progression of IVDD. In vitro experiments showed that high concentrations of lactic acid could induce senescence and oxidative stress in NPCs. High-throughput RNA sequencing results and bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that the induction of NPCs senescence and oxidative stress by lactic acid may be related to the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Further study verified that high concentrations of lactic acid could induce NPCs senescence and oxidative stress by interacting with Akt and regulating its downstream Akt/p21/p27/cyclin D1 and Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Utilizing molecular docking, site-directed mutation and microscale thermophoresis assays, we found that lactic acid could regulate Akt kinase activity by binding to the Lys39 and Leu52 residues in the PH domain of Akt. These results highlight the involvement of lactic acid in NPCs senescence and oxidative stress, and lactic acid may become a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Libangxi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Yuhan Qi
- Institute of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Jinhui Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yuxuan Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Haiyin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xian Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhilei Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yueyang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chencheng Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu Zhai
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Changqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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15
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Yang C, Pan RY, Guan F, Yuan Z. Lactate metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:69-74. [PMID: 37488846 PMCID: PMC10479854 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.374142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactate, a byproduct of glycolysis, was thought to be a metabolic waste until the discovery of the Warburg effect. Lactate not only functions as a metabolic substrate to provide energy but can also function as a signaling molecule to modulate cellular functions under pathophysiological conditions. The Astrocyte-Neuron Lactate Shuttle has clarified that lactate plays a pivotal role in the central nervous system. Moreover, protein lactylation highlights the novel role of lactate in regulating transcription, cellular functions, and disease development. This review summarizes the recent advances in lactate metabolism and its role in neurodegenerative diseases, thus providing optimal perspectives for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoguang Yang
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Rui-Yuan Pan
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangxia Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zengqiang Yuan
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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16
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Zhang Y, Sun M, Zhao H, Wang Z, Shi Y, Dong J, Wang K, Wang X, Li X, Qi H, Zhao X. Neuroprotective Effects and Therapeutic Potential of Dichloroacetate: Targeting Metabolic Disorders in Nervous System Diseases. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7559-7581. [PMID: 38106446 PMCID: PMC10725694 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s439728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dichloroacetate (DCA) is an investigational drug used to treat lactic acidosis and malignant tumours. It works by inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase and increasing the rate of glucose oxidation. Some studies have documented the neuroprotective benefits of DCA. By reviewing these studies, this paper shows that DCA has multiple pharmacological activities, including regulating metabolism, ameliorating oxidative stress, attenuating neuroinflammation, inhibiting apoptosis, decreasing autophagy, protecting the blood‒brain barrier, improving the function of endothelial progenitor cells, improving mitochondrial dynamics, and decreasing amyloid β-protein. In addition, DCA inhibits the enzyme that metabolizes it, which leads to peripheral neurotoxicity due to drug accumulation that may be solved by individualized drug delivery and nanovesicle delivery. In summary, in this review, we analyse the mechanisms of neuroprotection by DCA in different diseases and discuss the causes of and solutions to its adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiyan Sun
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongxiang Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengyan Wang
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Shi
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Dong
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaifang Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Jiang W, Hu T, Ye C, Hu M, Yu Q, Sun L, Liang J, Chen Y. Formononetin attenuates high glucose-induced neurotoxicity by negatively regulating oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Schwann cells via activation of SIRT3. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 182:114156. [PMID: 37944786 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
High glucose induces Schwann cells death and neurotoxicity. Formononetin was originally found in Astragalus membranaceus and showed anti-tumor and anti-neuroinflammation properties. The aim of this study is to explore the molecular mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effects of formononetin and identify its direct protein target. The effects of formononetin on oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Schwann cells induced by high glucose were investigated. High glucose treatment significantly induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in Schwann cells, while these effects were partially or completely prevented by co-treatment with formononetin. Mechanistically, we found that SIRT3/PGC-1α/SOD2 pathway was activated by formononetin under high glucose conditions as evidenced by western blotting. Knockdown of SIRT3 by siRNA delivery reversed the protective effects of formononetin on high glucose-induced Schwann cells injury and changes in expression profile of SIRT3 downstream target genes. Molecular docking, thermal shift assay and surface plasmon resonance assay revealed a direct binding between formononetin and SIRT3. Taken together, we identified a novel SIRT3 activator formononetin and revealed its beneficial effects on high glucose-induced neurotoxicity, suggesting that targeting SIRT3 in Schwann cells may be a new approach for treatment of peripheral nerve regeneration related diseases such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jiang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Ting Hu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Chen Ye
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Man Hu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Qingqing Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Jichao Liang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Yong Chen
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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18
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Xie H, Li J, Lian N, Xie M, Wu M, Tang K, Kang Y, Lu P, Li T. Defective branched-chain amino acid catabolism in dorsal root ganglia contributes to mechanical pain. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56958. [PMID: 37721527 PMCID: PMC10626448 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202356958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism has recently been implicated in the development of mechanical pain, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Here, we report that defective BCAA catabolism in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons sensitizes mice to mechanical pain by increasing lactate production and expression of the mechanotransduction channel Piezo2. In high-fat diet-fed obese mice, we observed the downregulation of PP2Cm, a key regulator of the BCAA catabolic pathway, in DRG neurons. Mice with conditional knockout of PP2Cm in DRG neurons exhibit mechanical allodynia under normal or SNI-induced neuropathic injury conditions. Furthermore, the VAS scores in the plasma of patients with peripheral neuropathic pain are positively correlated with BCAA contents. Mechanistically, defective BCAA catabolism in DRG neurons promotes lactate production through glycolysis, which increases H3K18la modification and drives Piezo2 expression. Inhibition of lactate production or Piezo2 silencing attenuates the pain phenotype of knockout mice in response to mechanical stimuli. Therefore, our study demonstrates a causal role of defective BCAA catabolism in mechanical pain by enhancing metabolite-mediated epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijing Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ju Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Nan Lian
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan University, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengduChina
| | - Min Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Minming Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Kuo Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yi Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Peilin Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, National‐Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of AnesthesiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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19
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Oliveira JT, Yanick C, Wein N, Gomez Limia CE. Neuron-Schwann cell interactions in peripheral nervous system homeostasis, disease, and preclinical treatment. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1248922. [PMID: 37900588 PMCID: PMC10600466 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1248922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) have a critical role in the peripheral nervous system. These cells are able to support axons during homeostasis and after injury. However, mutations in genes associated with the SCs repair program or myelination result in dysfunctional SCs. Several neuropathies such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, diabetic neuropathy and Guillain-Barré syndrome show abnormal SC functions and an impaired regeneration process. Thus, understanding SCs-axon interaction and the nerve environment in the context of homeostasis as well as post-injury and disease onset is necessary. Several neurotrophic factors, cytokines, and regulators of signaling pathways associated with proliferation, survival and regeneration are involved in this process. Preclinical studies have focused on the discovery of therapeutic targets for peripheral neuropathies and injuries. To study the effect of new therapeutic targets, modeling neuropathies and peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) in vitro and in vivo are useful tools. Furthermore, several in vitro protocols have been designed using SCs and neuron cell lines to evaluate these targets in the regeneration process. SCs lines have been used to generate effective myelinating SCs without success. Alternative options have been investigated using direct conversion from somatic cells to SCs or SCs derived from pluripotent stem cells to generate functional SCs. This review will go over the advantages of these systems and the problems associated with them. In addition, there have been challenges in establishing adequate and reproducible protocols in vitro to recapitulate repair SC-neuron interactions observed in vivo. So, we also discuss the mechanisms of repair SCs-axon interactions in the context of peripheral neuropathies and nerve injury (PNI) in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we summarize current preclinical studies evaluating transgenes, drug, and novel compounds with translational potential into clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicolas Wein
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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20
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Gowen AM, Yi J, Stauch K, Miles L, Srinivasan S, Odegaard K, Pendyala G, Yelamanchili SV. In utero and post-natal opioid exposure followed by mild traumatic brain injury contributes to cortical neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and behavioral deficits in juvenile rats. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 32:100669. [PMID: 37588011 PMCID: PMC10425912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal opioid use poses a significant health concern not just to the expectant mother but also to the fetus. Notably, increasing numbers of children born suffering from neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) further compounds the crisis. While epidemiological research has shown the heightened risk factors associated with NOWS, little research has investigated what molecular mechanisms underly the vulnerabilities these children carry throughout development and into later life. To understand the implications of in utero and post-natal opioid exposure on the developing brain, we sought to assess the response to one of the most common pediatric injuries: minor traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Using a rat model of in utero and post-natal oxycodone (IUO) exposure and a low force weight drop model of mTBI, we show that not only neonatal opioid exposure significantly affects neuroinflammation, brain metabolites, synaptic proteome, mitochondrial function, and altered behavior in juvenile rats, but also, in conjunction with mTBI these aberrations are further exacerbated. Specifically, we observed long term metabolic dysregulation, neuroinflammation, alterations in synaptic mitochondria, and impaired behavior were impacted severely by mTBI. Our research highlights the specific vulnerability caused by IUO exposure to a secondary stressor such as later life brain injury. In summary, we present a comprehensive study to highlight the damaging effects of prenatal opioid abuse in conjunction with mild brain injury on the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin M. Gowen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jina Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kelly Stauch
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Luke Miles
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Sanjay Srinivasan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Katherine Odegaard
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Gurudutt Pendyala
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, UNMC, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Child Health Research Institute, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- National Strategic Research Institute, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sowmya V. Yelamanchili
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, UNMC, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- National Strategic Research Institute, UNMC, Omaha, NE, USA
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21
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Peng Z, Li XJ, Pang C, Zhang JT, Zhu Q, Sun JQ, Wang J, Cao BQ, Zhang YH, Lu Y, Li W, Hang CH, Zhuang Z. Hydrogen inhalation therapy regulates lactic acid metabolism following subarachnoid hemorrhage through the HIF-1α pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 663:192-201. [PMID: 37141668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The neuroprotective effects of hydrogen have been demonstrated, but the mechanism is still poorly understood. In a clinical trial of inhaled hydrogen in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), we found that hydrogen reduced the accumulation of lactic acid in the nervous system. There are no studies demonstrating the regulatory effect of hydrogen on lactate and in this study we hope to further clarify the mechanism by which hydrogen regulates lactate metabolism. In cell experiments, PCR and Western Blot showed that HIF-1α was the target related to lactic acid metabolism that changed the most before and after hydrogen intervention. HIF-1α levels were suppressed by hydrogen intervention treatment. Activation of HIF-1α inhibited the lactic acid-lowering effect of hydrogen. We have also demonstrated the lactic acid-lowering effect of hydrogen in animal studies. Our work clarifies that hydrogen can regulate lactate metabolism via the HIF-1αpathway, providing new insights into the neuroprotective mechanisms of hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cong Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Jia-Tong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Qing Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo-Qiang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Hua Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Hua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zong Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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22
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Yang Z, Yu Z, Xiao B. Coordinated Regulation of Myelination by Growth Factor and Amino-acid Signaling Pathways. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:453-465. [PMID: 36352321 PMCID: PMC10043148 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are essential for structural and functional homeostasis of nervous tissue. Albeit with certain similarities, the regulation of CNS and PNS myelination is executed differently. Recent advances highlight the coordinated regulation of oligodendrocyte myelination by amino-acid sensing and growth factor signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss novel insights into the understanding of differential regulation of oligodendrocyte and Schwann cell biology in CNS and PNS myelination, with particular focus on the roles of growth factor-stimulated RHEB-mTORC1 and GATOR2-mediated amino-acid sensing/signaling pathways. We also discuss recent progress on the metabolic regulation of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells and the impact of their dysfunction on neuronal function and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Zongyan Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Bo Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
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23
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Jiang C, Lu Y, Zhu R, Zong Y, Huang Y, Wang D, Da Z, Yu B, Shen L, Cao Q. Pyruvate dehydrogenase beta subunit (Pdhb) promotes peripheral axon regeneration by regulating energy supply and gene expression. Exp Neurol 2023; 363:114368. [PMID: 36863478 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Key metabolic enzymes not only regulate Glucose, lipid, amino acid metabolism to serve the cellular energy needs, but also modulate noncanonical or nonmetabolic signaling pathway such as gene expression, cell-cycle progression, DNA repair, apoptosis and cell proliferation in regulating the pathologic progression of disease. However, the role of glycometabolism in peripheral nerve axon regeneration is little known. In this study, we investigated the expression of Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1(PDH), a key enzyme linking glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, with qRT-PCR and found that pyruvate dehydrogenase beta subunit (Pdhb) is up-regulated at the early stage during peripheral nerve injury. The knockdown of Pdhb inhibits neurite outgrowth of primary DRG neurons in vitro and restrains axon regeneration of sciatic nerve after crush injury. Pdhb overexpression promoting axonal regeneration is reversed by knockdown of Monocarboxylate transporter 2(Mct2), a transporter involved in the transport and metabolism of lactate, indicating Pdhb promoting axon regeneration depends on lactate for energy supply. Given the nucleus-localization of Pdhb, further analysis revealed that Pdhb enhances the acetylation of H3K9 and affecting the expression of genes involved in arachidonic acid metabolism and Ras signaling pathway, such as Rsa-14-44 and Pla2g4a, thereby promoting axon regeneration. Collectively, our data indicates that Pdhb is a positive dual modulator of energy generation and gene expression in regulating peripheral axon regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Affiliated hospital and Medical School, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Affiliated hospital and Medical School, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Clinical Laboratory, Nantong Third Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ran Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Affiliated hospital and Medical School, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ying Zong
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Affiliated hospital and Medical School, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yuchen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Affiliated hospital and Medical School, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Affiliated hospital and Medical School, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Zhanyun Da
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Affiliated hospital and Medical School, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Affiliated hospital and Medical School, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Longxiang Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Qianqian Cao
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Affiliated hospital and Medical School, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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24
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Hong H, Chen X, Wang H, Gu X, Yuan Y, Zhang Z. Global profiling of protein lysine lactylation and potential target modified protein analysis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200432. [PMID: 36625413 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer, often metastasizes to the lungs. The implications of lysine lactylation (Kla), a recently identified histone post-translational modification (PTM), in the pathology of HCC remain unclear. Here, we report the first proteomic survey of this specific modification in HCC (with no metastasis during 3 years of follow-up), normal liver tissues, and lung metastasis samples of HCC. Of the 2045 modification sites detected on 960 proteins, 1438 sites on 772 proteins contained quantitative information. Subsequently, we analyzed the differentially modified proteins among the different groups. Differentially lactylated proteins were found to be involved in several biological processes, including-but not limited to-amino acid metabolism, ribosomal protein synthesis, and fatty acid metabolism. In addition, we identified numerous highly valuable lactate-modified proteins from the literature. Among them, we verified the lactate modification levels of the following two tumor-related proteins and obtained similar results: USP14 and ABCF1. These two modified proteins will be further investigated in our future studies. This paper is the first report on the lactylome of HCC and it provides a reliable foundation for further research on Kla in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Hong
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Honggang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiangqian Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yin Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zixiang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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25
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Han L, Dong X, Qiu T, Dou Z, Wu L, Dai H. Enhanced sciatic nerve regeneration by relieving iron-overloading and organelle stress with the nanofibrous P(MMD-co-LA)/DFO conduits. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100387. [PMID: 36042854 PMCID: PMC9420382 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wallerian degeneration after peripheral nerve injury (PNI), that is, the autonomous degeneration of distal axons, leads to an imbalance of iron homeostasis and easily induces oxidative stress caused by iron overload. Inspired by the process of nerve degeneration and regeneration, the design of a functional electrospinning scaffold with iron chelating ability exhibited the importance of reconstructing a suitable microenvironment. Here, an electrospinning scaffold based on deferoxamine and poly(3(S)-methyl-morpholine-2,5-dione-co-lactone) (PDPLA/DFO) was constructed. This work aims to explore the promotion of nerve regeneration by the physiological regulation of the scaffold. In vitro, PDPLA/DFO films mitigated the reduction of glutathione and the inactivation of Glutathione peroxidase 4 caused by iron overload. In addition, they decreased reactive oxygen species, relieve the stress of the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and reduce cell apoptosis. In vivo, PDPLA/DFO conduits constructed the anti-inflammatory microenvironment and promoted cell survival by alleviating iron overload and organelle stress. In conclusion, PDPLA/DFO guidance conduits targeted the distal iron overload and promoted nerve regeneration. It provides novel ideas for designing nerve conduits targeting the distal microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xianzhen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhaona Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Honglian Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, China
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26
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Li X, Yang Y, Zhang B, Lin X, Fu X, An Y, Zou Y, Wang JX, Wang Z, Yu T. Lactate metabolism in human health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:305. [PMID: 36050306 PMCID: PMC9434547 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01151-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 139.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The current understanding of lactate extends from its origins as a byproduct of glycolysis to its role in tumor metabolism, as identified by studies on the Warburg effect. The lactate shuttle hypothesis suggests that lactate plays an important role as a bridging signaling molecule that coordinates signaling among different cells, organs and tissues. Lactylation is a posttranslational modification initially reported by Professor Yingming Zhao’s research group in 2019. Subsequent studies confirmed that lactylation is a vital component of lactate function and is involved in tumor proliferation, neural excitation, inflammation and other biological processes. An indispensable substance for various physiological cellular functions, lactate plays a regulatory role in different aspects of energy metabolism and signal transduction. Therefore, a comprehensive review and summary of lactate is presented to clarify the role of lactate in disease and to provide a reference and direction for future research. This review offers a systematic overview of lactate homeostasis and its roles in physiological and pathological processes, as well as a comprehensive overview of the effects of lactylation in various diseases, particularly inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Li
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University; Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaotong Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266011, China
| | - Xiuxiu Fu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yi An
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Yulin Zou
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Jian-Xun Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Tao Yu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University; Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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27
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Mammalian Sterile 20-Like Kinase 1 Mediates Neuropathic Pain Associated with Its Effects on Regulating Mitophagy in Schwann Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3458283. [PMID: 35656021 PMCID: PMC9155917 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3458283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Myelin degradation initiated by Schwann cells (SCs) after nerve injury is connected to the induction and chronicity of neuropathic pain (NP). Mitophagy, a selective clearance of damaged mitochondria via autophagy, contributes to the maintenance of normal function in SCs. Mitochondrial function and mitophagy activity are highly modulated by mammalian ste20-like kinase1 (Mst1). However, whether Mst1 can regulate mitophagy in SCs to play a role in NP remains poorly understood. In the present study, Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to chronic constriction injury (CCI) on the sciatic nerve to induce NP. Small interfering RNA of Mst1 was applied to the injured sciatic nerve to knockdown Mst1. Behavioral tests were performed to evaluate NP, and myelin degeneration was assessed by transmission electron microscope and immunofluorescence. Autophagy and mitophagy were detected in the injured sciatic nerve and cultured SCs (RSC96 cells) by Western blot. ROS level, mitochondria membrane potential, and apoptosis were assessed in vitro via flow cytometry and Western blot. Mst1 knockdown alleviated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in the CCI-induced NP model and rescued myelin degeneration of the injured nerve. Meanwhile, CCI-increased levels of Parkin and p62 were reversed by Mst1 knockdown. In vitro RSC96 cells were subjected to starvation to induce mitophagy. Protein levels of mitochondrial Parkin and mitochondrial p62 significantly increased after Mst1 knockdown, while those in the cytosol diminished indicate that the translocation of Parkin and p62 from the cytosol to the mitochondria was promoted by the knockdown of Mst1. In addition, Mst1 knockdown reduced ROS level and apoptosis activity, while enhancing mitochondria membrane potential in RSC96 cells. The study showed that Mst1 knockdown alleviated CCI-induced NP, associated with enhanced Parkin recruitment to mitochondria and subsequent mitophagy degradation, thus preserving mitochondrial function and myelin integrity.
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28
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Babetto E, Beirowski B. Of axons that struggle to make ends meet: Linking axonal bioenergetic failure to programmed axon degeneration. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2022; 1863:148545. [PMID: 35339437 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Axons are the long, fragile, and energy-hungry projections of neurons that are challenging to sustain. Together with their associated glia, they form the bulk of the neuronal network. Pathological axon degeneration (pAxD) is a driver of irreversible neurological disability in a host of neurodegenerative conditions. Halting pAxD is therefore an attractive therapeutic strategy. Here we review recent work demonstrating that pAxD is regulated by an auto-destruction program that revolves around axonal bioenergetics. We then focus on the emerging concept that axonal and glial energy metabolism are intertwined. We anticipate that these discoveries will encourage the pursuit of new treatment strategies for neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Babetto
- Institute for Myelin and Glia Exploration, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
| | - Bogdan Beirowski
- Institute for Myelin and Glia Exploration, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
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Beirowski B. Emerging evidence for compromised axonal bioenergetics and axoglial metabolic coupling as drivers of neurodegeneration. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 170:105751. [PMID: 35569720 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired bioenergetic capacity of the nervous system is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases (NDD). Since neuronal synapses are believed to be the major energy consumers in the nervous system, synaptic derangements resulting from energy deficits have been suggested to play a central role for the development of many of these disorders. However, long axons constitute the largest compartment of the neuronal network, require large amounts of energy, are metabolically and structurally highly vulnerable, and undergo early injurious stresses in many NDD. These stresses likely impose additional energy demands for continuous adaptations and repair processes, and may eventually overwhelm axonal maintenance mechanisms. Indeed, pathological axon degeneration (pAxD) is now recognized as an etiological focus in a wide array of NDD associated with bioenergetic abnormalities. In this paper I first discuss the recognition that a simple experimental model for pAxD is regulated by an auto-destruction program that exhausts distressed axons energetically. Provision of the energy substrate pyruvate robustly counteracts this axonal breakdown. Importantly, energy decline in axons is not only a consequence but also an initiator of this program. This opens the intriguing possibility that axon dysfunction and pAxD can be suppressed by preemptively energizing distressed axons. Second, I focus on the emerging concept that axons communicate energetically with their flanking glia. This axoglial metabolic coupling can help offset the axonal energy decline that activates the pAxD program but also jeopardize axon integrity as a result of perturbed glial metabolism. Third, I present compelling evidence that abnormal axonal energetics and compromised axoglial metabolic coupling accompany the activation of the pAxD auto-destruction pathway in models of glaucoma, a widespread neurodegenerative condition with pathogenic overlap to other common NDD. In conclusion, I propose a novel conceptual framework suggesting that therapeutic interventions focused on bioenergetic support of the nervous system should also address axons and their metabolic interactions with glia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Beirowski
- Institute for Myelin and Glia Exploration, New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics & Life Sciences (CBLS), University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
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Du C, Yang W, Yu Z, Yuan Q, Pang D, Tang P, Jiang W, Chen M, Xiao B. Rheb Promotes Triglyceride Secretion and Ameliorates Diet-Induced Steatosis in the Liver. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:808140. [PMID: 35372326 PMCID: PMC8965806 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.808140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatosteatosis, characterized by excessive accumulation of lipids in the liver, is a major health issue in modern society. Understanding how altered hepatic lipid metabolism/homeostasis causes hepatosteatosis helps to develop therapeutic interventions. Previous studies identify mitochondrial dysfunction as a contributor to hepatosteatosis. But, the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction leading to altered lipid metabolism remain incompletely understood. Our previous work shows that Rheb, a Ras-like small GTPase, not only activates mTORC1 but also promotes mitochondrial ATP production through pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). In this study, we further demonstrate that Rheb controls hepatic triglyceride secretion and reduces diet-induced lipid accumulation in a mouse liver. Genetic deletion of Rheb causes rapid and spontaneous steatosis in the liver, which is unexpected from the role of mTORC1 that enhances lipid synthesis, whereas Rheb transgene remarkably reduces diet-induced hepatosteatosis. Results suggest that the hepatosteatosis in Rheb KO is an outcome of impaired lipid secretion, which is linked to mitochondrial ATP production of hepatocytes. Our findings highlight an under-appreciated role of Rheb in the regulation of hepatic lipid secretion through mitochondrial energy production, with therapeutic implication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyangzi Du
- Neuroscience and Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanchun Yang
- Neuroscience and Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zongyan Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Brain Research Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiuyun Yuan
- Neuroscience and Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dejiang Pang
- Neuroscience and Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Tang
- Neuroscience and Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanxiang Jiang
- Neuroscience and Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mina Chen
- Neuroscience and Metabolism Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Correspondence: Bo Xiao, ; Mina Chen, .
| | - Bo Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Brain Research Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Correspondence: Bo Xiao, ; Mina Chen, .
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Luo M, Wang Z, Wu J, Xie X, You W, Yu Z, Shen H, Li X, Li H, Liu Y, Wang Z, Chen G. Effects of PAK1/LIMK1/Cofilin-mediated Actin Homeostasis on Axonal Injury after Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neuroscience 2022; 490:155-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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