1
|
Nagpal MS, Jalali N, Sherifali D, Morita PP, Cafazzo JA. Managing Type 2 Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Scoping Review and Qualitative Study Using Systematic Literature Review and Reddit. Interact J Med Res 2024; 13:e49073. [PMID: 39116432 PMCID: PMC11342012 DOI: 10.2196/49073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic impacted how people accessed health services and likely how they managed chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Social media forums present a source of qualitative data to understand how adaptation might have occurred from the perspective of the patient. OBJECTIVE Our objective is to understand how the care-seeking behaviors and attitudes of people living with T2D were impacted during the early part of the pandemic by conducting a scoping literature review. A secondary objective is to compare the findings of the scoping review to those presented on a popular social media platform Reddit. METHODS A scoping review was conducted in 2021. Inclusion criteria were population with T2D, studies are patient-centered, and study objectives are centered around health behaviors, disease management, or mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Exclusion criteria were populations with other noncommunicable diseases, examining COVID-19 as a comorbidity to T2D, clinical treatments for COVID-19 among people living with T2D, genetic expressions of COVID-19 among people living with T2D, gray literature, or studies not published in English. Bias was mitigated by reviewing uncertainties with other authors. Data extracted from the studies were classified into thematic categories. These categories reflect the findings of this study as per our objective. Data from the Reddit forums related to T2D from March 2020 to early March 2021 were downloaded, and support vector machines were used to classify if a post was published in the context of the pandemic. Latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling was performed to gather topics of discussion specific to the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS A total of 26 studies conducted between February and September 2020, consisting of 13,673 participants, were included in this scoping literature review. The studies were qualitative and relied mostly on qualitative data from surveys or questionnaires. Themes found from the literature review were "poorer glycemic control," "increased consumption of unhealthy foods," "decreased physical activity," "inability to access medical appointments," and "increased stress and anxiety." Findings from latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling of Reddit forums were "Coping With Poor Mental Health," "Accessing Doctor & Medications and Controlling Blood Glucose," "Changing Food Habits During Pandemic," "Impact of Stress on Blood Glucose Levels," "Changing Status of Employment & Insurance," and "Risk of COVID Complications." CONCLUSIONS Topics of discussion gauged from the Reddit forums provide a holistic perspective of the impact of the pandemic on people living with T2D, which were found to be comparable to the findings of the literature review. The study was limited by only having 1 reviewer for the literature review, but biases were mitigated by consulting authors when there were uncertainties. Qualitative analysis of Reddit forms can supplement traditional qualitative studies of the behaviors of people living with T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan S Nagpal
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Digital Therapeutics, Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Niloofar Jalali
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Diana Sherifali
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Plinio P Morita
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Digital Therapeutics, Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Joseph A Cafazzo
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Digital Therapeutics, Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Whiles BB, Reich DA, Green J, Yu F, Bird VG. Evaluation of fear, willingness to seek care, and healthcare delivery preferences for patients with nephrolithiasis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Transl Androl Urol 2024; 13:962-969. [PMID: 38983481 PMCID: PMC11228673 DOI: 10.21037/tau-23-627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although minimal is known about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)'s impact on patient healthcare perceptions, improved understanding can guide healthcare providers to adequately address patient concerns. This cross-sectional study investigated how fear induced by COVID-19 impacted nephrolithiasis patients' perceptions, decision-making, and preferences for care delivery. Methods Utilizing the validated Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), patients were surveyed at a single stone clinic during part of the COVID-19 pandemic, 03/2021-04/2022. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-square tests, and multinomial logistic regression evaluated the effect of sociodemographics on responses. Results Two hundred and four surveys were completed. Mean age was 58±16 years, and 112 (54.9%) were women. Mean FCV-19S was 14.8±5.8 points (range, 7-33). Women and non-Caucasian races were associated with higher fear scores (P<0.01 and P=0.01 respectively). Stone prevention effort was not associated with fear (P=0.38). Poorer self-assessed health status was associated with increased stone prevention efforts (P=0.04). Preference for in-person care was reported in 89% of patients. Willingness to seek care varied by age and education, with decreased likelihood to seek care for middle-aged patients (P=0.04) and increased education (P=0.01). Conclusions Perceived fear during the COVID-19 pandemic was highly variable in nephrolithiasis patients, with higher fear scores in women and non-Caucasians. Willingness to seek care during the pandemic varied with age, education level, symptom severity, COVID-19 fear, current stone status, and health status. Stone patients greatly preferred in-person medical care over telemedicine during COVID-19. Future studies are needed to further evaluate these health disparities, discrepancies in fear, and comfort in seeking stone-related healthcare to help us better inform health policymakers and provide patient-centered care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel A. Reich
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jacob Green
- Department of Urology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Fahong Yu
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Vincent G. Bird
- Department of Urology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shuvo SD, Hossen MT, Hossain MS, Khatun A, Mazumdar S, Riazuddin M, Roy D. COVID-19 fear and its associated correlates among type-2 diabetes patients in Bangladesh: A hospital-based study. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2023; 10:e53. [PMID: 37854404 PMCID: PMC10579683 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2023.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused widespread fear among people around the world, particularly those with underlying health conditions such as type-2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate COVID-19 fear and its associated potential factors among type-2 diabetes patients in Bangladesh. A total of 1,036 type-2 diabetes patients residing in the Jashore district of Bangladesh were interviewed using the COVID-19 Fear Scale in Bengali language. A pre-validated questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic, lifestyle-related characteristics, and COVID-19-related information. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with perceived fear of COVID-19. The mean score of the COVID-19 fear was 18.1 ± 5.6. Approximately 45 and 39% were most afraid and uncomfortable thinking about COVID-19, respectively. Regression analysis revealed that gender, age, occupation, residence, physical activity, smoking, and dietary diversity score were associated with fear. Additionally, respondents who had limited self-care practice, unaffordable medicine, medicine shortages, a close friend or family member diagnosed with COVID-19, and financial problems during COVID-19 were significant predictors of COVID-19 fear. Healthcare providers should implement interventions, including appropriate education and counseling, to address the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on type-2 diabetes patients in Bangladesh.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suvasish Das Shuvo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Md Toufik Hossen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sakhawot Hossain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Asma Khatun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Sanaullah Mazumdar
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Md Riazuddin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Deepa Roy
- Department of Mathematics, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qi L, Yu Q, Liang Z, Lu Y, Ma Z, Hou C, Zhu Z, Chen L. Psychological responses and dietary changes of residents during the local outbreak of COVID-19 in the post-epidemic era: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32792. [PMID: 36749230 PMCID: PMC9902000 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a dramatic impact on the psychological state and dietary behavior of individuals. Many previous studies have discussed the psychological and dietary problems during the first COVID-19 pandemic. However, few papers have discussed them during the local COVID-19 outbreak in the post-epidemic era. To explore the psychological responses and the influencing factors, dietary changes and the relationship with psychological responses during the local COVID-19 outbreak in the post-epidemic era. Methods: A total 3790 residents were surveyed by online questionnaire to collect information about social demography, health status, local outbreak related information, lifestyle changes, anxiety and depression. Binary logistic regression was used to discuss the influencing factors of anxiety and depression. Kendall tau-b correlation coefficient was used to discuss the relationship between anxiety, depression and dietary changes. Self-perceived physical condition, chronic disease, lockdown or quarantine, fear of COVID-19, changes in smoking, drinking and physical activity were the influencing factors of anxiety and depression. The top 3 foods with increased intake were drinking water, fresh fruits and fresh vegetables, while the top 3 foods with reduced intake were puffed foods, fried foods and sugary foods. Dietary changes were correlated with generalized anxiety disorder-7 and patient health questionnaire-9 scores. These findings provide experience and clues for local governments to improve the psychological status and dietary habits of residents during the local COVID-19 outbreak in the post-pandemic era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luying Qi
- Department of Emergency Management, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medcine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingtao Yu
- Department of endocrinology, The People’s Hospital of Huaiyin Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Zhengyan Liang
- Department of Nutrition, The Second People’s Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhihua Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Chujie Hou
- Department of Emergency Management, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medcine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Shandong Rehabilitation Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Liyong Chen
- Department of Emergency Management, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medcine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Nutrition, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- * Correspondence: Liyong Chen, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medcine, Shandong University, Department of Nutrition, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Espinoza-Turcios E, Gonzales-Romero RM, Sosa-Mendoza C, Sierra-Santos M, Castro-Ramos HN, Zambrano LI, Armada J, Mejía CR. Factors associated with hopelessness, depression and anxiety in the Honduran-Central America population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1116881. [PMID: 36937724 PMCID: PMC10014751 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1116881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe mental health of the population has been affected by COVID-19, reporting in many populations higher levels of depressive, anxious and stress symptoms, however, in Honduras there are no studies showing the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of the population.AimTo determine the factors associated with hopelessness, depression and anxiety in times of COVID-19 in the Honduran population.MethodsCross-sectional analytical study. Three scales were used, Beck for hopelessness, Hamilton for depression and anxiety, through interviews with the population attending different levels of health care throughout the country. Descriptive and analytical statistics were obtained. For hopelessness, the Beck Hopelessness Scale was used; for depression and anxiety, the Hamilton Scale was used.ResultsOf the 8,125 participants, the population in general showed results of hopelessness 14.9%, depression 12.9% and anxiety 1.2%, there was less hopelessness among women (p = 0.004), university students (p < 0.001), but greater among those who had a family member deceased by COVID-19 (p < 0.001), among those who had diabetes mellitus (DM) (p < 0.001), history of mental illness (p < 0.001) or had consumed drugs in the last 6 months (p < 0.001). There was more depression among those with arterial hypertension (p = 0.002), obesity (p = 0.019), DM (p = 0.004), history of mental illness (p < 0.001) or had consumed drugs in the last 6 months (p < 0.001). There was more anxiety among those infected with COVID-19 (p = 0.023), according to having a family member deceased by COVID-19 (p = 0.045) and in those with a history of mental illness (p < 0.001).DiscussionThe Honduran population presented important differences in the socio-pathological, according to the loss of family members or having previous illnesses, this according to the presentation of problems in the mental sphere.ConclusionWe found factors associated with hopelessness, we found factors associated with hopelessness, depression and anxiety in times of COVID-19 in the Honduran population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Espinoza-Turcios
- Scientific Research Unit (UIC), Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), Institute for Research in Medical Sciences and Right to Health (ICIMEDES), National Autonomous University of Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras
- *Correspondence: Eleonora Espinoza-Turcios,
| | - René Mauricio Gonzales-Romero
- Scientific Research Unit (UIC), Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), Institute for Research in Medical Sciences and Right to Health (ICIMEDES), National Autonomous University of Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Carlos Sosa-Mendoza
- Honduran Institute for the Prevention of Alcoholism, Drug Addiction and Drug Dependency (IHADFA), Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Manuel Sierra-Santos
- Scientific Research Unit (UIC), Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), Institute for Research in Medical Sciences and Right to Health (ICIMEDES), National Autonomous University of Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Henry Noel Castro-Ramos
- Scientific Research Unit (UIC), Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), Institute for Research in Medical Sciences and Right to Health (ICIMEDES), National Autonomous University of Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Lysien Ivania Zambrano
- Scientific Research Unit (UIC), Faculty of Medical Sciences (FCM), Institute for Research in Medical Sciences and Right to Health (ICIMEDES), National Autonomous University of Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - José Armada
- Faculty of Business Sciences, Universidad Continental, Huancayo, Peru
| | - Christian R. Mejía
- Translational Medicine Research Centre, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
García-Lara RA, Suleiman-Martos N, Membrive-Jiménez MJ, García-Morales V, Quesada-Caballero M, Guisado-Requena IM, Gómez-Urquiza JL. Prevalence of Depression and Related Factors among Patients with Chronic Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12123094. [PMID: 36553100 PMCID: PMC9777242 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of chronic diseases in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic is especially challenging, and reducing potential psychological harm is essential. This review aims to determine the prevalence of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in patients with chronic disease, and to characterize the impacts of related factors. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The meta-analysis was performed using StatsDirect software. The review identified 33 articles with a total of 50,905 patients with chronic diseases. Four meta-analyses were performed to estimate the prevalence of depression. In diabetic patients, the prevalence ranged from 17% (95% CI = 7-31) (PHQ-9) to 33% (95% CI = 16-51) (PHQ-8); in obese patients, the prevalence was 48% (95% CI = 26-71); and in hypertensive patients, the prevalence was 18% (95% CI = 13-24). The factors significantly associated with depression were female sex, being single, deterioration in the clinical parameters of diabetes, a decrease in self-care behavior, reduced physical activity and sleep time and fear of contagion. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased levels of depression among persons with chronic disease. Pandemics and other emergency events have a major impact on mental health, so early psychological interventions and health management policies are needed to reinforce chronic patients' physical and mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubén A. García-Lara
- UGC Orgiva, Granada-South Health Management Area, Andalusian Health Service, Calle La Madre s/n, Lanjarón, 18420 Granada, Spain
| | - Nora Suleiman-Martos
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Av. de la Ilustración, 60, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Victoria García-Morales
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cadiz, Pl. Falla, 9, 11003 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Miguel Quesada-Caballero
- UGC La Caleta Granada-Metropolitano, Andalusian Health Service, Av. del Sur, 11, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Isabel M. Guisado-Requena
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla la Mancha, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - José L. Gómez-Urquiza
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Cortadura del Valle s/n, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Anxiety, Distress and Stress among Patients with Diabetes during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12091412. [PMID: 36143195 PMCID: PMC9506161 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12091412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of mental health disorders has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients with chronic diseases, such as diabetes, are a particularly vulnerable risk group. This study aims to assess the levels and prevalence of anxiety, distress, and stress in patients with diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review was conducted in CINAHL, Cochrane, LILACS, Medline, SciELO, and Scopus in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Thirty-seven articles with a total of 13,932 diabetic patients were included. Five meta-analyses were performed. The prevalence of anxiety was 23% (95% CI = 19–28) in T1DM and 20% (95% CI = 6–40) in T2DM patients. For diabetes distress it was 41% (95% CI = 24–60) for T1DM and 36% in T2DM patients (95% CI = 2–84). For stress, the prevalence was 79% (95% CI = 49–98) in T1DM patients. People with diabetes have significant psychiatric comorbidity as well as psychological factors that negatively affect disease management, increasing their vulnerability in an emergency situation. To establish comprehensive care in diabetic patients addressing mental health is essential, as well as including specific policy interventions to reduce the potential psychological harm of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ueland GÅ, Ernes T, Vonheim Madsen T, Husebye ES, Sandberg S, Fjell Løvaas K, Cooper JG. Fear of Covid 19 during the third wave of infection in Norwegian patients with type 1 diabetes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272133. [PMID: 35901064 PMCID: PMC9333287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the fear of Covid 19 infection among Norwegian patients with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Fear of Covid 19 scale, a validated scale assessing the fear of Covid 19, was sent electronically to 16255 patients with type 1 diabetes in May 2021. The items are rated on a scale from 1 to 5 (total scores from 7 to 35). The higher the score, the greater the fear. RESULTS 10145 patients, 52% of the Norwegian adult type 1 diabetes population, completed the questionnaire. The mean total fear score was 13.8 (SD 5.8). Women experienced more fear than men (OR 1.96), and fear increased significantly with increasing age for both genders (p<0.05). Fear increased with increasing BMI, more pronounced for men than women. Fear was positively correlated to HbA1c (Spearman rho 0.067, p<0.05), and significantly increased in patients with micro- and macrovascular complications, compared with patients without complications (p<0.05). Smokers showed increased fear compared with non-smokers, (1.59 (1.39-1.81)), and non-European patients reported more fear than Europeans (OR of 2.02 (95% CI 1.55-2.63). CONCLUSION Assessment of fear of Covid 19 in the type 1 diabetes population in Norway revealed an overall low fear during the third wave of infection. Patients considered to be at high risk of serious disease, such as older individuals, smokers and obese individuals expressed more fear than low risk individuals. The degree of fear was also associated with sex, ethnicity, educational/working status, glycemic control and presence of complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grethe Åstrøm Ueland
- Norwegian Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tony Ernes
- Norwegian Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tone Vonheim Madsen
- Norwegian Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eystein Sverre Husebye
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Scinece, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sverre Sandberg
- Norwegian Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karianne Fjell Løvaas
- Norwegian Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - John Graham Cooper
- Norwegian Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alimoradi Z, Lin CY, Ullah I, Griffiths MD, Pakpour AH. Item Response Theory Analysis of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S): A Systematic Review. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:581-596. [PMID: 35300204 PMCID: PMC8922366 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s350660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing and is not yet under control. Evidence regarding the impacts of COVID-19 on psychological distress has been widely reported worldwide, and one of the primary concerns regarding psychological distress is fear (ie, fear of COVID-19). Therefore, having a robust instrument for assessing fear of COVID-19 is important. The present systematic review aimed to synthesize the psychometric evidence evaluated using item response theory (IRT) on the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S). Methods Utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, four academic databases (Scopus, PubMed Central, ProQuest, and ISI Web of Knowledge) were used to search target papers. Keywords used for search were "Fear of COVID-19 Scale" and its abbreviation (ie, "FCV-19S") and IRT-related terms. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist was then applied to evaluate the methodological quality of the reviewed papers. Moreover, psychometric properties using IRT methods were synthesized using a qualitative method. Results The initial search resulted in 552 papers (73 duplicates) and 479 were screened based on their titles and abstracts. Finally, 16 papers were included for review regarding their methodological quality (via COSMIN) to synthesize the psychometric evidence for FCV-19S. The 16 papers included 21 countries with 16 language versions of FCV-19S. Conclusion All the psychometric evidence indicated that the seven items in the FCV-19S fit with the concept of fear. The FCV-19S is a strong and valid instrument for assessing fear across different languages. The seven items in the FCV-19S appear to be unidimensional in assessing fear, which indicates that all items are necessary in the FCV-19S.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Alimoradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Amir H Pakpour
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Caycho-Rodríguez T, Valencia PD, Vilca LW, Corrales-Reyes IE, Hernández-García F, Pupo Pérez A, González Quintana P, Pérez García ER, Lazo Herrera LA, White M. Sociodemographic and Health Predictors of Concern about COVID-19 Infection in Cuban Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/11620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
11
|
Caycho-Rodríguez T, Vilca LW, Corrales-Reyes IE, Hernández-García F, Pérez AP, Quintana PG, Pérez García ER, Lazo Herrera LA, White M. COVID-19 contagion concern scale (PRE-COVID-19): Validation in Cuban patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15:102245. [PMID: 34416467 PMCID: PMC8363424 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS It is important to have valid and reliable measures to determine the psychological impact of COVID-19 in patients with diabetes; however, few instruments have been developed and validated for this population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to validate the Scale of Worry for Contagion of COVID-19 (PRE-COVID-19) in a sample of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 219 patients (66.2% female, mean age 58.5 SD = 18.2) participated, selected through non-probabilistic sampling. The PRE-COVID-19 and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-2 were applied. Reliability analysis was performed for internal consistency, structural equation modeling and item response theory modeling. RESULTS The results show that a unidimensional 5-item model presents satisfactory goodness-of-fit indices and excellent reliability values. Likewise, convergent validity between the PRE-COVID-19 and a measure of anxiety is evident. All items present adequate discrimination parameters, allowing for discerning between those patients with critical concern about COVID-19 contagion from those with severe concern. CONCLUSION It is concluded that the PRE-COVID-19 is an instrument with adequate psychometric properties to measure concern about COVID-19 infection and the emotional impact in patients with DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lindsey W Vilca
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Ibraín Enrique Corrales-Reyes
- Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial, Hospital General Universitario Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma, Bayamo, Granma, Cuba
| | - Frank Hernández-García
- Centro Provincial de Atención y Educación al Paciente Diabético, Hospital Provincial General Docente "Dr. Antonio Luaces Iraola", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas "Dr. José Asse Yara", Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Ávila, Ciego de Ávila, Cuba
| | - Antonio Pupo Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas "General Calixto García", Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana, La Habana, Cuba
| | | | - Enrique Rolando Pérez García
- Policlínico Universitario Área Norte, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas "Dr. José Assef Yara", Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Ávila, Ciego de Ávila, Cuba
| | - Luis Alberto Lazo Herrera
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas "Dr. Ernesto Che Guevara de la Serna" Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río Pinar del Río Cuba
| | - Michael White
- Dirección General de Investigación, Universidad Peruana Unión, Perú
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fawzy El-Bardan M, Lathabhavan R. Fear of COVID-19 scale: Psychometric properties, reliability and validity in Egyptian population. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15:102153. [PMID: 34186355 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The primary purpose of this study is to examine the psychometric qualities of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) in a sample of Egyptian college students. The researchers also aim at exploring the construct validity further through examining the relationship between FCV-19S, wellbeing and life satisfaction in Egyptian universities context. The current study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Fear of COVID-19 scale among Egyptian population. METHODS The FCV-19S is translated and validated in Egyptian context. The forward backward translation method is used to translate the English version of the survey into Arabic. The sample is comprised of 1832 Egyptian participants, who have conducted an online survey based on the Arabic versions of FCV-19S. RESULTS The Cronbach α value for the Egyptian FCV-19S is 0.87, indicating a good internal reliability. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis show that the unidimensional factor structure of the FCV-19S has fitted well with the data. The FCV-19S is significantly correlated with the seven-item survey. Moreover, the results show a significant negative relationship between Fear of COVID-19 and both wellbeing and life satisfaction (r = -0.42, p < 0.001; r = -0.24, p < 0.01.), respectively. CONCLUSION The study supports the one factor model of FCV-19S scale in Egyptian context. The Arabic scale version in the Egyptian context shows excellent reliability and validity. This ensures a good measure that can be accepted for both academia and practitioners for analyzing ill-effects of pandemic impacts and, thereby, reducing them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Remya Lathabhavan
- Department of Technology Management, VIT University, Vellore, India.
| |
Collapse
|