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Shen R, Chen Y, Wu J, Zhao L, Yang A, Kou X. Effect of Bis-Dimethylamine Substitution on DNA Binding Property and Cytotoxic Activity of Polyhydroxyxanthone. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202101021. [PMID: 35324082 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202101021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A bis-dimethylamine substituted xanthone (Xan-2) was obtained by cationic modification of the free C3 and C6 hydroxy groups of 1,3,6-trihydroxyxanthone (Xan-1) which was isolated from Polygala hongkongensis Hemsl.. The results of the spectroscopic analysis, melting profiles, electrophoretic migration, PCR assay and molecular docking indicated that the hydrophobic plane of Xan-1 and Xan-2 could intercalate into the DNA base pairs meanwhile the basic amine alkyl chain of Xan-2 could bind with DNA phosphate framework via electrostatic interaction. Thus, Xan-2 exhibited higher DNA binding affinity than Xan-1. Further study showed that Xan-2 could inhibit the proliferation of HeLa, SGC-7901 and A549 cells effectively by MTT assay and induce apoptosis of HeLa cells as detected by AO/EB staining and flow cytometry assay. Interestingly, Xan-2 exhibited selective cytotoxicity to cells, which was proved by its relatively low inhibitory effect on Raw 264.7 cell. What these studies mean is that disubstituted amine alkyl chains will play an important role in DNA binding property and cytotoxic activity, providing a direction for the development of novel potential antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jianhua Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Lihua Zhao
- Tianjin Renai College, Tianjin, 301636, China
| | - Aihong Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiaodi Kou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
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2
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Is Emodin with Anticancer Effects Completely Innocent? Two Sides of the Coin. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112733. [PMID: 34073059 PMCID: PMC8198870 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many anticancer active compounds are known to have the capacity to destroy pathologically proliferating cancer cells in the body, as well as to destroy rapidly proliferating normal cells. Despite remarkable advances in cancer research over the past few decades, the inclusion of natural compounds in researches as potential drug candidates is becoming increasingly important. However, the perception that the natural is reliable is an issue that needs to be clarified. Among the various chemical classes of natural products, anthraquinones have many biological activities and have also been proven to exhibit a unique anticancer activity. Emodin, an anthraquinone derivative, is a natural compound found in the roots and rhizomes of many plants. The anticancer property of emodin, a broad-spectrum inhibitory agent of cancer cells, has been detailed in many biological pathways. In cancer cells, these molecular mechanisms consist of suppressing cell growth and proliferation through the attenuation of oncogenic growth signaling, such as protein kinase B (AKT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), HER-2 tyrosine kinase, Wnt/-catenin, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). However, it is known that emodin, which shows toxicity to cancer cells, may cause kidney toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity especially at high doses and long-term use. At the same time, studies of emodin, which has poor oral bioavailability, to transform this disadvantage into an advantage with nano-carrier systems reveal that natural compounds are not always directly usable compounds. Consequently, this review aimed to shed light on the anti-proliferative and anti-carcinogenic properties of emodin, as well as its potential toxicities and the advantages of drug delivery systems on bioavailability.
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3
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Pourhajibagher M, Etemad-Moghadam S, Alaeddini M, Bahador A. Modulation of the triggered apoptosis by nano emodin transfersome-mediated sonodynamic therapy on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 34:102253. [PMID: 33711532 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-invasive sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a new treatment modality that uses low-intensity ultrasound to activate a non-toxic sensitizing chemical agent for cancer therapy in a site-directed manner. This study aimed to investigate the anti-cancer effects of ultrasound combined with nano emodin transfersome (NET) on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS A transfersome form of nano emodin as a novel sono-responsive nanomaterial was synthesized to enhance the accumulation and penetration of nanoparticles. iIn vitro experiments including hemolytic activity, cell proliferation, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptosis induction, DNA fragmentation, and mRNA expressions of caspase 3 and 9 were conducted to explore the anti-cancer effects of NET-SDT on FaDu and CAL-27 cell lines. RESULTS Characterization tests showed the round and uniform morphology of NET with transfersome structure, resulting in a high drug-loading content and encapsulation efficiency. No significant hemolytic activity was observed (P > 0.05). Cytotoxicity gradually increased with increasing concentrations of NET, so that 10 × 10-4 g/L of NET plus 5 min ultrasound irradiation at a frequency of 1 MHz and ultrasonic intensity of 2 W/cm2 effectively killed 98.2 % and 97.3 % of FaDu and CAL-27 cell lines, respectively (P < 0.05). We found that ROS generation in NET-SDT was dose-dependent and the triggered apoptosis and caspase-3/9 gene expression levels were significantly enhanced as the concentration of NET increased (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the rate of apoptosis induction and gene expression between two cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that SDT with NET as a sonosensitizer can induce apoptosis and significantly decrease cell viability of HNSCC cell lines, which represents the role of NET-SDT as a potent anti-cancer modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pourhajibagher
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahroo Etemad-Moghadam
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Alaeddini
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Fellowship in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Nadaf AA, Dixit S, Yaseen M, Mantur S, Najare MS, Joshi S, Vootla S, Khazi IAM. Novel 6‐Morpholino‐9
H
‐purine Derivatives: Synthesis, Pharmacological and In Silico Evaluation. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- AfraQuasar A. Nadaf
- Department of ChemistryKarnatak University Dharwad 580003 Karnataka India
- Department of ChemistryK. L. E. Soceity's P. C. Jabin Science College Hubli Karnataka India
| | - Shruti Dixit
- Department of BiotechnologyKarnatak University Dharwad 580003 Karnataka India
| | - Mohammed Yaseen
- Department of ChemistryKarnatak University Dharwad 580003 Karnataka India
| | - Shivaraj Mantur
- Department of ChemistryKarnatak University Dharwad 580003 Karnataka India
| | - Mahesh S. Najare
- Department of ChemistryKarnatak University Dharwad 580003 Karnataka India
| | - Shrinivas Joshi
- Novel Drug Design and Discovery LaboratoryDepartment of Pharmaceutical ChemistryS.E.T.'s College of Pharmacy, Sangolli Rayanna Nagar Dharwad, 580 002 Karnataka India
| | - Shyamkumar Vootla
- Department of BiotechnologyKarnatak University Dharwad 580003 Karnataka India
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5
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Draganov AB, Yang X, Anifowose A, De La Cruz LKC, Dai C, Ni N, Chen W, De Los Santos Z, Gu L, Zhou M, Wang B. Upregulation of p53 through induction of MDM2 degradation: Anthraquinone analogs. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3860-3865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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6
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Yang K, Jin MJ, Quan ZS, Piao HR. Design and Synthesis of Novel Anti-Proliferative Emodin Derivatives and Studies on their Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis Pathway and Migration. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050884. [PMID: 30832378 PMCID: PMC6429262 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Emodin is a cell arrest and apoptosis-inducing compound that is widely distributed in different plants (rhubarb, aloe), lichens and terrestrial fungi, and also isolated from marine-derived fungi and marine sponge-associated fungi. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel series of emodin derivatives by binding emodin to an amino acid using linkers of varying lengths and composition, and evaluated their anti-proliferative activities using HepG2 cells (human hepatic carcinoma), MCF-7 cells (human breast cancer) and human normal liver L02 cells. Most of these derivatives showed moderate to potent anti-proliferative activities. Notably, compound 7a exhibited potent anti-proliferative activity against HepG2 cells with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 4.95 µM, which was enhanced 8.8-fold compared to the parent compound emodin (IC50 = 43.87 µM), and it also exhibited better selective anti-proliferative activity and specificity than emodin. Moreover, further experiments demonstrated that compound 7a displayed a significant efficacy of inducing apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway via release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and subsequent activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, inducing cell arrest at G0/G1 phase, as well as suppression of cell migration of tumor cells. The preliminary results suggested that compound 7a could be a promising lead compound for the discovery of novel anti-tumor drugs and has the potential for further investigations as an anti-cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, AffiliatedMinistry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Ming-Ji Jin
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, AffiliatedMinistry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Hu-Ri Piao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources and Functional Molecules of the Changbai Mountain, AffiliatedMinistry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
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7
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Gu Z, Li Y, Ma S, Li S, Zhou G, Ding S, Zhang J, Wang S, Zhou C. Synthesis, cytotoxic evaluation and DNA binding study of 9-fluoro-6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoxaline derivatives. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08138c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
New quaternary ammonium salts of 9-fluoro-6H-indolo[2,3-b] derivatives were synthesized. These compounds possessed enhanced DNA binding ability and improved antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
| | - Yanci Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
| | - Songliang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
| | - Shenghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
| | - Guoqiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
| | - Shan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
| | - Shuxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
| | - Chuanqi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
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8
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Parveen M, Aslam A, Nami SAA, Malla AM, Alam M, Lee DU, Rehman S, Silva PSP, Silva MR. Potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: Synthesis, biological assay and docking study of nitro acridone derivatives. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 161:304-11. [PMID: 27295412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of o-halobenzoic acid with aniline derivatives and their subsequent cyclization reaction yielded the acridone derivatives. The series of nitro acridone derivatives were prepared by Ullmann condensation in presence of copper as catalyst and were characterized by FTIR, (1)H, (13)C NMR and mass spectra. The structure of 5-nitro-(2-phenyl amino) benzoic acid (4) was confirmed by X-ray crystallography and was found to crystallize in P21/c space group. The in vitro efficacy of the compounds for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and antimicrobial inhibitory activities have been evaluated against the standard drugs Ampicillin and Gentamicin against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. 1,7-Dinitroacridone was found to be the most potent AChE inhibitor (IC50=0.22μM). Moreover, the compounds have been screened for their antioxidant activity using the DPPH assay. Also, docking study results were found to be in good agreement with the results obtained through in vitro experiments. The docking study further predicted possible binding conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtab Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
| | - Afroz Aslam
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Shahab A A Nami
- Department of Kulliyat, Faculty of Unani Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Ali Mohammed Malla
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mahboob Alam
- Division of Bioscience, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ung Lee
- Division of Bioscience, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 780-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumbul Rehman
- Department of Ilmul Advia, Faculty of Unani Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - P S Pereira Silva
- CEMDRX, Physics Department, University of Coimbra, P-3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M Ramos Silva
- CEMDRX, Physics Department, University of Coimbra, P-3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
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9
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Zhao P, Jin SF, Lu JZ, Lv JL, Wu GQ, Chen PP, Tan CL, Chen DW. Novel porphyrin-daunomycin hybrids: synthesis and preferential binding to G-quadruplexes over i-motif. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 137:227-235. [PMID: 25222318 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.08.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Encouraged by the enormous importance attributed to the structure and function of human telomeric DNA, herein we focused our attention on the interaction of a serious of newly prepared porphyrin-daunomycin (Por-DNR) hybrids with the guanine-rich single-strand oligomer (G4) and the complementary cytosine-rich strand (i-motif). Various spectral methods such as absorption and fluorescence titration, surface-enhanced Raman and circular dichroism spectrum were integrated in the experiment and it was found that these Por-DNR hybrids could serve as prominent molecules to recognize G4 and i-motif. What is more, interesting results were obtained that the hybrids with longer flexible links are more favorable in binding with both G4 and i-motif than the hybrid with shorter linkage. These Por-DNR hybrids may help to develop new ideas in the research of human telomeric DNA with small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 13, Changmingshui Road, Zhongshan 528458, PR China.
| | - Shu-fang Jin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 13, Changmingshui Road, Zhongshan 528458, PR China
| | - Jia-Zheng Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, Waihuandong Road, Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Jun-liang Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 13, Changmingshui Road, Zhongshan 528458, PR China
| | - Gong-qing Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 13, Changmingshui Road, Zhongshan 528458, PR China
| | - Pan-Pan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 13, Changmingshui Road, Zhongshan 528458, PR China
| | - Cai-Lian Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 13, Changmingshui Road, Zhongshan 528458, PR China
| | - Dian-Wen Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 13, Changmingshui Road, Zhongshan 528458, PR China
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10
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Sharma S, Singh H, Singh H, Mohinder Singh Bedi P. Chemotherapeutic Potential of Acridine Analogs: An Ample Review. HETEROCYCLES 2015. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-15-826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Desai N, Dodiya AM. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro antimicrobial screening of quinoline nucleus containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 2-azetidinone derivatives. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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12
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Liang YK, Yue ZZ, Li JX, Tan C, Miao ZH, Tan WF, Yang CH. Natural product-based design, synthesis and biological evaluation of anthra[2,1-d]thiazole-6,11-dione derivatives from rhein as novel antitumour agents. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 84:505-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, DNA Binding, and Apoptosis of Alizarin 2-O-Side-Chain Derivatives. Chem Nat Compd 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-014-0922-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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14
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Kamal A, Srinivasulu V, Nayak VL, Sathish M, Shankaraiah N, Bagul C, Reddy NVS, Rangaraj N, Nagesh N. Design and synthesis of C3-pyrazole/chalcone-linked beta-carboline hybrids: antitopoisomerase I, DNA-interactive, and apoptosis-inducing anticancer agents. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:2084-98. [PMID: 24470122 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of β-carboline hybrids bearing a substituted phenyl and a chalcone/(N-acetyl)-pyrazole moiety at the C1 and C3 positions, respectively, was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for anticancer activity. These new hybrid molecules showed significant cytotoxic activity, with IC50 values ranging from <2.0 μM to 80 μM, and the structure-activity relationships (SAR) associated with substitutions at positions 1 and 3 of these hybrids was clearly addressed. Further, induction of apoptosis was confirmed by Annexin V-FITC, Hoechst staining, and DNA fragmentation analysis. In addition, DNA photocleavage studies proved that two of the hybrids, (E)-1-(furan-2-yl)-3-(1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (7 d) and 1-(3-(furan-2-yl)-5-(1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-3-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)ethanone (8 d) could effectively cleave pBR322 plasmid DNA upon irradiation with UV light. Active hybrid 8 d inhibited DNA topoisomerase I activity efficiently and preserved DNA in the supercoiled form. To further corroborate the biological activities, as well as to understand the nature of the interaction of these hybrids with DNA, spectroscopic studies were also performed. Unlike simple β-carboline alkaloids, the binding mode of these new hybrid molecules with DNA was not similar, and both biophysical as well as molecular docking studies speculated a combilexin-type of interaction with DNA. Further, an in silico study of these β-carboline hybrids revealed their drug-like properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kamal
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007 (India); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500 037 (India).
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15
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Wang J, Gan Y, Li S, Luo T, Zhang Y, Zhao J. Potent P-glycoprotein inhibition of emodin derivative: synthesis and biological evaluation. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-013-0805-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Zhao LM, Zhang LM, Ma FY, Wang XS, Jin HS. Catalyst-free Mannich reaction of hydroxyanthraquinone: facile access to emodin Mannich bases and anthraoxazines. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Ye MY, Yao GY, Wei JC, Pan YM, Liao ZX, Wang HS. Synthesis, cytotoxicity, DNA binding and apoptosis of rhein-phosphonate derivatives as antitumor agents. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:9424-39. [PMID: 23629673 PMCID: PMC3676791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14059424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Several rhein-phosphonate derivatives (5a-c) were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against HepG-2, CNE, Spca-2, Hela and Hct-116 cell lines. Some compounds showed relatively high cytotoxicity. Especially compounds 5b exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity against HepG-2 and Spca-2 cells (IC50 was 8.82 and 9.01 µM), respectively. All the synthesized compounds exhibited low cytotoxicity against HUVEC cells. Further experiments proved that 5b could disturb the cell cycle in HepG-2 cells and induce apoptosis. In addition, the binding properties of a model conjugate 5b to DNA were investigated by methods (UV-Vis, fluorescence, CD spectroscopy). Results indicated that 5b showed moderate ability to interact ct-DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Yi Ye
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; E-Mails: (M.-Y.Y.); (G.-Y.Y.)
| | - Gui-Yang Yao
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; E-Mails: (M.-Y.Y.); (G.-Y.Y.)
| | - Jing-Chen Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China; E-Mail:
| | - Ying-Ming Pan
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; E-Mails: (M.-Y.Y.); (G.-Y.Y.)
| | - Zhi-Xin Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; E-Mail:
| | - Heng-Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; E-Mails: (M.-Y.Y.); (G.-Y.Y.)
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18
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Bara R, Zerfass I, Aly AH, Goldbach-Gecke H, Raghavan V, Sass P, Mándi A, Wray V, Polavarapu PL, Pretsch A, Lin W, Kurtán T, Debbab A, Brötz-Oesterhelt H, Proksch P. Atropisomeric dihydroanthracenones as inhibitors of multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Med Chem 2013; 56:3257-72. [PMID: 23534483 DOI: 10.1021/jm301816a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Two bisdihydroanthracenone atropodiastereomeric pairs, including homodimeric flavomannin A (1) and the previously unreported flavomannin B (2), two new unsymmetrical dimers (3 and 4), and two new mixed dihydroanthracenone/anthraquinone dimers (5 and 6) were isolated from Talaromyces wortmannii , an endophyte of Aloe vera . The structures of 2-6 were elucidated by extensive NMR and mass spectrometric analyses. The axial chirality of the biaryls was determined using TDDFT ECD and VCD calculations, the combination of which however did not allow the assignment of the central chirality elements of 1. The compounds exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus , including (multi)drug-resistant clinical isolates. Reporter gene analyses indicated induction of the SOS response for some of the derivatives, suggesting interference with DNA structure or metabolism. Fluorescence microscopy demonstrated defective segregation of the bacterial chromosome and DNA degradation. Notably, the compounds showed no cytotoxic activity, encouraging their further evaluation as potential starting points for antibacterial drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bara
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, Geb. 26.23, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Narender T, Sukanya P, Sharma K, Bathula SR. Apoptosis and DNA intercalating activities of novel emodin derivatives. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra23149f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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20
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Esposito F, Corona A, Zinzula L, Kharlamova T, Tramontano E. New anthraquinone derivatives as inhibitors of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase-associated ribonuclease H function. Chemotherapy 2012; 58:299-307. [PMID: 23128501 DOI: 10.1159/000343101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The degradative activity of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT), termed ribonuclease H (RNase H), which hydrolyzes the RNA component of the heteroduplex RNA:DNA replication intermediate, is an excellent target for drug discovery. Anthraquinones (AQs) and their derivatives, which are common secondary metabolites occurring in bacteria, fungi, lichens and a large number of families in higher plants, have been reported to have several biological activities including that of inhibiting HIV-1 RT activities in biochemical assays. METHODS We have assayed new AQ derivatives on HIV-1 RNase H activities in biochemical assays. RESULTS Six series of new AQ derivatives with various substituents at positions 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the AQ ring were tested, and new analogs able to inhibit HIV-1 RT-associated RNase H activity in the low micromolar range were found. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that AQ derivatives are promising anti-RNase H inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Esposito
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy.
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21
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Wang W, Bai Z, Zhang F, Wang C, Yuan Y, Shao J. Synthesis and biological activity evaluation of emodin quaternary ammonium salt derivatives as potential anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 56:320-31. [PMID: 22921966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2012] [Revised: 07/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-six emodin derivatives (17 novel) which attach quaternary ammonium salt were synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activities in vitro and in vivo. Compounds 11g + 12g and 11h + 12h had more significant antiproliferative ability against three cancer cell lines and low cytotoxicity to HELF. 11g + 12g and 11h + 12h induced AGS cell apoptosis and arrested cell cycle at the G(0)/G(1) phase in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the activities of the caspase-3, -9 enzymes were increased in the treated cells. In vivo studies revealed that compounds 11g + 12g and 11h + 12h showed significant anti-tumor activity compared with controlled group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350108, PR China
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22
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Shao J, Zhang F, Bai Z, Wang C, Yuan Y, Wang W. Synthesis and antitumor activity of emodin quaternary ammonium salt derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 56:308-19. [PMID: 22901410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of new emodin derivatives modified at the C-3 and the C-6 positions were synthesized, and evaluated for their anticancer activities in vitro and in vivo. Among them, Compounds 5g and 5h had more significant antiproliferative ability against HepG2, BGC-823, AGS cancer cell lines and low cytotoxicity to HELF normal cell line, respectively. Compounds 5g and 5h induced AGS cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and induce apoptosis via activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 enzyme. In vivo studies using H22 xenografts in Kunming mice were conducted with 5g and 5h. The results revealed that the medium dosage group (10 mg/kg) of 5g and the high dosage group (25 mg/kg) of 5h showed significant antitumor activity compared to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Shao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350108, PR China
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23
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DNA binding, antiviral activities and cytotoxicity of new furochromone and benzofuran derivatives. Arch Pharm Res 2011; 34:1623-32. [PMID: 22076762 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-011-1006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Bromination of visnagin (1) afforded 9-bromovisnagin (2) which on its alkaline hydrolysis afforded the 3-acetyl benzofuran derivative (3). The condensation of (3) with hydrazine hydrate, phenylhydrazine and/or hydroxylamine hydrochloride afforded the corresponding pyrazole derivatives (4a, b) and isoxazole derivative (4c). On the other hand, when compound 3 was condensed with some aromatic aldehydes, this yielded corresponding α, β-unsaturated keto derivatives (5a-e). Furthermore, when 1 was subjected to chlorosulfonation, the visnaginsulfonylchloride derivative 6 was afforded, which on amidation using morpholine, a sulonamido derivative (7) was obtained. Alkaline hydrolysis of the latter compound yielded 7-N-morpholinosulsamidobenzofuran (8) which was condensed with some aromatic aldehydes to yield the corresponding chalcone compounds (9a-e). Demethylation of visnagin afforded norvisnagin (10). The reaction of 10 with ethylbromoacetate in dry acetone yielded the ester benzopyran derivative (11) which reacted with hydrazine hydrate to afford the corresponding hydrazide derivative (12) and this was condensed with 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde to give the corresponding hydrazone (13). A thaizolidinone derivative (14) was obtained by condensation of (13) with thioglycolic acid. Chloromethylation of norvisnagin afforded a 4-chloromethyl derivative (15) which reacted with different primary and secondary amines to yield the corresponding ethylamino derivative (16a, b). Moreover, mannich bases (16a, b) and (17a-c) were obtained by reacting norvisnagin with different primary and secondary amines in the presence of formalin but benzoylation of (16a, b) and (17a-c) afforded 4-oxybenzoyl derivative (18a-e). The prepared compounds were tested for their interaction with DNA; bromovisnagin 2 showed the highest affinity and compounds 6, 15, 8a, > 14, > 16b, 17a, and 16a showed moderate activity in decreasing potency. Moreover, compound 2 also was the most active as antiviral agent toward HS-I virus and compounds 6, 7, 15, 14, 16a, and 18a were found to be moderately active. CD(50) of the active compounds were also measured.
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Zhao LM, Zhang LM, Liu JJ, Wan LJ, Chen YQ, Zhang SQ, Yan ZW, Jiang JH. Synthesis and antitumor activity of conjugates of 5-Fluorouracil and emodin. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 47:255-60. [PMID: 22093761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 10/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of conjugates of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and emodin were synthesized by coupling trimethyl emodin with N(1), N(3) dialkylated 5-FU. The 5-FU moiety contained various substituents at the N(3)-position were linked to the 2-position of trimethyl emodin via a methylene linkage. Their cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines and one noncancerous cell were studied. The results revealed that some of conjugates exhibited better or comparable in vitro antitumor activity to 5-FU and emodin and low toxicity in the normal cell. The structure-activity relationship study showed N(3)-aromatic substituent was important for their cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ming Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China.
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25
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Yang X, Sun G, Yang C, Wang B. Novel rhein analogues as potential anticancer agents. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:2294-301. [PMID: 21954017 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Two series of rhein analogues were synthesized with modification at the 3-position. Their cytotoxicities were evaluated using an MTT assay. Among all the compounds synthesized, one compound showed the best potency, with an IC(50) value of 2.7 μM against the HeLa cell line and 0.6 μM against the MOLT4 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, 100 Piedmont Ave., Atlanta, GA 30303-4098, USA
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26
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Esposito F, Kharlamova T, Distinto S, Zinzula L, Cheng YC, Dutschman G, Floris G, Markt P, Corona A, Tramontano E. Alizarine derivatives as new dual inhibitors of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase-associated DNA polymerase and RNase H activities effective also on the RNase H activity of non-nucleoside resistant reverse transcriptases. FEBS J 2011; 278:1444-57. [PMID: 21348941 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08057.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) has two associated activities, DNA polymerase and RNase H, both essential for viral replication and validated drug targets. Although all RT inhibitors approved for therapy target DNA polymerase activity, the search for new RT inhibitors that target the RNase H function and are possibly active on RTs resistant to the known non-nucleoside inhibitors (NNRTI) is a viable approach for anti-HIV drug development. In this study, several alizarine derivatives were synthesized and tested for both HIV-1 RT-associated activities. Alizarine analogues K-49 and KNA-53 showed IC(50) values for both RT-associated functions of ∼ 10 μm. When tested on the K103N RT, both derivatives inhibited the RT-associated functions equally, whereas when tested on the Y181C RT, KNA-53 inhibited the RNase H function and was inactive on the polymerase function. Mechanism of action studies showed that these derivatives do not intercalate into DNA and do not chelate the divalent cofactor Mg(2+) . Kinetic studies demonstrated that they are noncompetitive inhibitors, they do not bind to the RNase H active site or to the classical NNRTI binding pocket, even though efavirenz binding negatively influenced K-49/KNA-53 binding and vice versa. This behavior suggested that the alizarine derivatives binding site might be close to the NNRTI binding pocket. Docking experiments and molecular dynamic simulation confirmed the experimental data and the ability of these compounds to occupy a binding pocket close to the NNRTI site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Esposito
- Department of Applied Sciences in Biosystems, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Wu N, Wu XW, Agama K, Pommier Y, Du J, Li D, Gu LQ, Huang ZS, An LK. A novel DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor with different mechanism from camptothecin induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest to K562 cells. Biochemistry 2010; 49:10131-6. [PMID: 21033700 PMCID: PMC3010555 DOI: 10.1021/bi1009419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerase I (Top1) is an essential nuclear enzyme and a validated target for anticancer agent screening. In a previous study, we found that indolizinoquinoline-5,12-dione derivatives show significant biological activity against several human cancer cell lines. To understand their mechanism of inhibition of cancer cell growth, one indolizinoquinoline-5,12-dione derivative, CY13II, was further studied as lead. Our present results indicate that CY13II shows more potent antiproliferative activity against K562 cells than camptothecin. Additionally, K562 cells were arrested in G2/M, and their growth rate decreased after treatment with CY13II at micromolar concentration. Biochemical Top1 assays indicate that CY13II exhibits a different inhibitory mechanism from camptothecin. Unlike camptothecin, CY13II specifically inhibits the catalytic cleavage activity of Top1 instead of forming the drug-enzyme-DNA covalent ternary complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wu
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xi-Wei Wu
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Keli Agama
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-4255, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-4255, USA
| | - Jun Du
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmac, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ding Li
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lian-Quan Gu
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lin-Kun An
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 9(10H)-acridone bearing 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives as antimicrobial agents. ARAB J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2010.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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29
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Song G, Liu H, Zhang W, Geng M, Li Y. Synthesis and biological evaluation of cytotoxic activity of novel anthracene L-rhamnopyranosides. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:5183-93. [PMID: 20561793 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2010] [Revised: 05/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of anthracene L-rhamnopyranosides were designed and synthesized in a practical way and their cytotoxic activity was examined in vitro. Most compounds exhibited both potent cytotoxicity against several tumor cell lines and high DNA binding capacity. The preliminary results showed that subtle modifications of rhamnosyl moiety in anthracene rhamnosides with acetyl group had a selective toxicity for different tumor cells and the displacement of C-10 carbonyl group in emodin by acetylmethylene group was helpful to improve the inhibitory activity. Lipophilicity of the anthracene glycosides was not a crucial factor for cytotoxicity and most molecules with good cytotoxicity could inhibit the catalytic activity of Top2alpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaopeng Song
- College of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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30
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Jin HS, Zhao LM. A contribution to the study of the modified Marschalk reaction: Hydroxymethylation of 6,8-O-dimethyl emodin. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2010.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Molinari A, Oliva A, Ojeda C, del Corral JMM, Castro MA, Cuevas C, San Feliciano A. Synthesis and Cytotoxic Evaluation of 6-(3-Pyrazolylpropyl) Derivatives of 1,4-Naphthohydroquinone-1,4-diacetate. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2009; 342:591-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200900041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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33
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Synthesis, chemical characterization of novel 1,3-dimethyl acridones as cytotoxic agents, and their DNA-binding studies. Med Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-009-9222-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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34
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Defant A, Guella G, Mancini I. Synthesis and in-vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of novel naphtindolizinedione derivatives, part II: improved activity for aza-analogues. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2009; 342:80-6. [PMID: 19173337 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200800177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Our previous investigation on potential antitumor agents now got enriched by the evaluation of in-vitro activity against a full panel of NCI cancer cell lines for five new compounds. The concurrent presence in the molecular structure of a nitrogen atom in the aromatic system and a N,N-dimethylaminoethyl amide chain play a decisive role to enhance cytotoxicity. The N,N-anti compound 14 shows a higher activity than its N,N-syn isomer, exhibiting the best selective inhibition against the melanoma MALME-3M cell line, with a GI(50)-value (= 30 nM) corresponding to a 330-fold increase in activity compared to the corresponding deaza-analogue. Compound 14 is efficiently synthesized by aminolysis of the ester obtained as a single regio-isomer by an one-pot three-component procedure involving metal-assisted cyclization under microwave irradiation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Defant
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioorganica, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Trento, Povo Trento, Italy
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35
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Tan JH, Ou TM, Hou JQ, Lu YJ, Huang SL, Luo HB, Wu JY, Huang ZS, Wong KY, Gu LQ. Isaindigotone Derivatives: A New Class of Highly Selective Ligands for Telomeric G-Quadruplex DNA. J Med Chem 2009; 52:2825-35. [DOI: 10.1021/jm801600m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Heng Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the Central Laboratory of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tian-Miao Ou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the Central Laboratory of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jin-Qiang Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the Central Laboratory of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Jing Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the Central Laboratory of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shi-Liang Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the Central Laboratory of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai-Bin Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the Central Laboratory of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian-Yong Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the Central Laboratory of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the Central Laboratory of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok-Yin Wong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the Central Laboratory of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lian-Quan Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and the Central Laboratory of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Rai SK, Sharma M, Tiwari M. Synthesis, DNA binding, and cytotoxic evaluation of new analogs of diallyldisulfide, an active principle of garlic. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:7302-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2008] [Revised: 06/16/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Molinari A, Ojeda C, Oliva A, Miguel del Corral JM, Castro MA, García PA, Cuevas C, San Feliciano A. Synthesis, characterisation, and antineoplastic cytotoxicity of hybrid naphthohydroquinone–nucleic base mimic derivatives. Med Chem Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-008-9108-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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38
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Molinari A, Oliva A, Ojeda C, del Corral JMM, Castro MA, Cuevas C, San Feliciano A. Cytotoxic-Antineoplastic Derivatives of Prenyl-1,2-naphthohydroquinone. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2008; 341:301-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200700259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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39
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Tan JH, Lu YJ, Huang ZS, Gu LQ, Wu JY. Spectroscopic studies of DNA binding modes of cation-substituted anthrapyrazoles derived from emodin. Eur J Med Chem 2007; 42:1169-75. [PMID: 17408812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2006] [Revised: 01/19/2007] [Accepted: 02/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The DNA binding properties of three cation-substituted anthrapyrazole derivatives of emodin with calf thymus DNA were characterized by spectroscopic methods and the specific binding modes were elucidated. At low drug and high DNA concentrations, compound 1 with a mono-cationic amino side chain exhibited an intercalative binding mode, 2 with a much longer and more flexible di-cationic side chain exhibited an external binding mode, and 3 with a rigid di-cationic side chain exhibited both intercalative and external binding modes. The DNA binding mode of compounds was altered after structural modification. The molecular structure-DNA binding relationships found from this study may be useful for the design of anthrapyrazole derivatives with desired binding characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Heng Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
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40
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Wang XD, Gu LQ, Wu JY. Apoptosis-inducing activity of new pyrazole emodin derivatives in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30:1113-6. [PMID: 17541163 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.1113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of new pyrazole derivatives from emodin synthesized in our lab have been shown to have much stronger cytotoxicity than emodin against various tumor cell lines. This study was to examine the apoptosis-inducing activity of these new emodin derivatives in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell culture for a better understanding of their cytotoxic effects on the cancer cells. Several major events in the induction of cell apoptosis, nuclear chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activation and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage were detected in the cells after treatment with the compounds at various concentrations. Of the seven emodin derivatives tested at a dose of 10 microM and within a treatment period of 24 h, only compounds 1 and 3 effectively induced all these apoptotic events in the cancer cells. The apoptosis-inducing activity of the compounds showed a positive correlation to their cytotoxic activity, suggesting a close connection between the growth inhibition and apoptosis induction of the cancer cells by these pyrazole emodin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Karminski-Zamola G, Starcevic K, Kralj M, Ester K. Synthesis and Cytostatic Evaluation of Pyridopyrimidobenzimidazole Derivatives. HETEROCYCLES 2007. [DOI: 10.3987/com-06-10977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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