1
|
Redefining Chalcone Synthesis: Aldol Adduct Elimination for the Rapid Access to Thienyl Chalcones. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:13603-13611. [PMID: 38559939 PMCID: PMC10976368 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
This paper introduces a unique and novel method for synthesizing thienyl chalcones using iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs) as a heterogeneous catalyst. It stands out as a rare example in the literature for the synthesis of these chalcones from 1,3-diketones and various aromatic aldehydes. The magnetic FeONPs employed as the catalyst bring several advantages, including their efficiency, affordability, and ecofriendly nature, making them an attractive choice for producing thiophene chalcones. One noteworthy aspect of this methodology is the utilization of mild reaction conditions, which greatly simplify the operational aspects of the reaction. Synthesized chalcones were confirmed through the application of various techniques, proton-NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. These analyses provide valuable insights into the chemical compositions and structural characteristics of the synthesized compounds. Significantly, this methodology is reported for the first time in the literature, indicating its novelty and contribution to the field of chalcone synthesis.
Collapse
|
2
|
Recent Trends in the Synthesis and Bioactivity of Coumarin, Coumarin-Chalcone, and Coumarin-Triazole Molecular Hybrids. Molecules 2024; 29:1026. [PMID: 38474540 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecular hybridization represents a new approach in drug discovery in which specific chromophores are strategically combined to create novel drugs with enhanced therapeutic effects. This innovative strategy leverages the strengths of individual chromophores to address complex biological challenges, synergize beneficial properties, optimize pharmacokinetics, and overcome limitations associated with single-agent therapies. Coumarins are documented to possess several bioactivities and have therefore been targeted for combination with other active moieties to create molecular hybrids. This review summarizes recent (2013-2023) trends in the synthesis of coumarins, as well as coumarin-chalcone and coumarin-triazole molecular hybrids. To cover the wide aspects of this area, we have included differently substituted coumarins, chalcones, 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles in this review and considered the point of fusion/attachment with coumarin to show the diversity of these hybrids. The reported syntheses mainly relied on well-established chemistry without the need for strict reaction conditions and usually produced high yields. Additionally, we discussed the bioactivities of the reported compounds, including antioxidative, antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-cholinesterase activities and commented on their IC50 where possible. Promising bioactivity results have been obtained so far. It is noted that mechanistic studies are infrequently found in the published work, which was also mentioned in this review to give the reader a better understanding. This review aims to provide valuable information to enable further developments in this field.
Collapse
|
3
|
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of harmine derivatives as topoisomerase I inhibitors for cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116061. [PMID: 38154256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
A series of β-carboline derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing the chalcone moiety into the harmine. The synthesized derivatives were evaluated their anti-proliferative activities against six human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HepG2, HT29, A549, and PC-3) and one normal cell line (L02). Among them, compound G11 exhibited the potent anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 cell line, with an IC50 value of 0.34 μM. Further biological studies revealed that compound G11 inhibited colony formation of MCF-7 cells, suppressed MCF-7 cell migration by downregulating migration-associated protein MMP-2. In addition, it could induce apoptosis of MCF-7 cells by downregulating Bcl-2 and upregulating Cleaved-PARP, Bax, and phosphorylated Bim proteins. Furthermore, compound G11 can act as a Topo I inhibitor, affecting DNA synthesis and transcription, thereby inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. Moreover, compound G11 inhibited tumor growth in 4T1 syngeneic transplant mice with an inhibition rate of 43.19 % at a dose of 10 mg/kg, and 63.87 % at 20 mg/kg, without causing significant toxicity to the mice or their organs, achieving the goal of reduced toxicity and increased efficacy. All these results indicate of G11 has enormous potential as an anti-tumor agent and merits further investigation.
Collapse
|
4
|
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2'-hydroxychalcone derivatives as AMPK activators. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107048. [PMID: 38141328 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
A series of 2'-hydroxychalcone derivatives with various substituents on B-ring were synthesized and evaluated for AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation activity in podocyte cells. The results displayed that hydroxy, methoxy and methylenedioxy groups on B-ring could enhance the activitiy better than O-saturated alkyl, O-unsaturated alkyl or other alkoxy groups. Compounds 27 and 29 possess the highest fold change of 2.48 and 2.73, respectively, which were higher than those of reference compound (8) (1.28) and metformin (1.88). Compounds 27 and 29 were then subjected to a concentration-response study to obtain the EC50 values of 2.0 and 4.8 µM, respectively and MTT assays also showed that cell viability was not influenced by the exposure of podocytes to compounds 27 and 29 at concentrations up to 50 μM. In addition, compound 27 was proved to activate AMPK via calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ)-dependent pathway without affecting intracellular calcium levels. The computational study showed that the potent compounds exhibited stronger ligand-binding strength to CaMKKβ, particularly compounds 27 (-8.4 kcal/mol) and 29 (-8.0 kcal/mol), compared to compound 8 (-7.5 kcal/mol). Fragment molecular orbital (FMO) calculation demonstrated that compound 27 was superior to compound 29 due to the presence of methyl group, which amplified the binding by hydrophobic interactions. Therefore, compound 27 would represent a promising AMPK activator for further investigation of the treatment of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy.
Collapse
|
5
|
New pyrazolo[3,4- d]pyrimidine derivatives as EGFR-TK inhibitors: design, green synthesis, potential anti-proliferative activity and P-glycoprotein inhibition. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1995-2015. [PMID: 38196910 PMCID: PMC10774712 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05401b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, four series of new pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized with both green and conventional methods. All the synthesized candidates were chemically confirmed using spectroscopic methods, and the DFT of the reaction mechanism was illustrated. The anti-proliferative activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against NCI 60 cancer cell lines. Two compounds (15 & 16) exhibited excellent broad-spectrum cytotoxic activity in NCI 5-log dose assays against the full 60-cell panel with GI50 values ranging from 0.018 to 9.98 μM. Moreover, the enzymatic assessment of the most active derivatives 4, 15, and 16 against EGFR tyrosine kinase showed significant inhibitory activities with IC50 of 0.054, 0.135, and 0.034 μM, respectively. The quantitative real-time PCR for the P-glycoprotein effect of compounds 15 and 16 was examined and illustrated the ability to inhibit the P-glycoprotein by 0.301 and 0.449 fold in comparison to the control. Mechanistic study using reversal activity in MDA-MB-468 cell line revealed the effect of both compounds 15 and 16 cytotoxicity against DOX/MDA-MB-468 with IC50 = 0.267 and 0.844 μM, respectively. Additionally, compound 16 was found to induce cell cycle arrest at the S phase with a subsequent increase in pre-G cell population in MDA-MB-468 cell line. It also increased the percentage of apoptotic cells in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, a molecular docking study was carried out to explain the target compounds' potent inhibitory activity within the EGFR binding site.
Collapse
|
6
|
Prenylated Flavonoids with Selective Toxicity against Human Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087408. [PMID: 37108571 PMCID: PMC10138577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The antiproliferative activity of xanthohumol (1), a major prenylated chalcone naturally occurring in hops, and its aurone type derivative (Z)-6,4'-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-7-prenylaurone (2) were investigated. Both flavonoids, as well as cisplatin as a reference anticancer drug, were tested in vivo against ten human cancer cell lines (breast cancer (MCF-7, SK-BR-3, T47D), colon cancer (HT-29, LoVo, LoVo/Dx), prostate cancer (PC-3, Du145), lung cancer (A549) and leukemia (MV-4-11) and two normal cell lines (human lung microvascular endothelial (HLMEC)) and murine embryonic fibroblasts (BALB/3T3). Chalcone 1 and aurone 2 demonstrated potent to moderate anticancer activity against nine tested cancer cell lines (including drug-resistant ones). The antiproliferative activity of all the tested compounds against cancer and the normal cell lines was compared to determine their selectivity of action. Prenylated flavonoids, especially the semisynthetic derivative of xanthohumol (1), aurone 2, were found as selective antiproliferative agents in most of the used cancer cell lines, whereas the reference drug, cisplatin, acted non-selectively. Our findings suggest that the tested flavonoids can be considered strong potential candidates for further studies in the search for effective anticancer drugs.
Collapse
|
7
|
Recent Achievements in Antiviral Agent Development for Plant Protection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1291-1309. [PMID: 36625507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant virus disease is the second most prevalent plant diseases and can cause extensive loss in global agricultural economy. Extensive work has been carried out on the development of novel antiplant virus agents for preventing and treating plant virus diseases. In this review, we summarize the achievements of the research and development of new antiviral agents in the recent five years and provide our own perspective on the future development in this highly active research field.
Collapse
|
8
|
A three-step pathway from (2-aminophenyl)chalcones to novel styrylquinoline-chalcone hybrids: synthesis and spectroscopic and structural characterization of three examples. Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2023; 79:3-11. [PMID: 36602015 PMCID: PMC9813925 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229622011263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new styrylquinoline-chalcone hybrids have been synthesized using a three-step pathway starting with Friedländer cyclocondensation between (2-aminophenyl)chalcones and acetone to give 2-methyl-4-styrylquinolines, followed by selective oxidation to the 2-formyl analogues, and finally Claisen-Schmidt condensation between the formyl intermediates and 1-acetylnaphthalene. All intermediates and the final products have been fully characterized by IR and 1H/13C NMR spectroscopy, and by high-resolution mass spectrometry, and the three products have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The molecular conformations of (E)-3-{4-[(E)-2-phenylethenyl]quinolin-2-yl}-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, C30H21NO, (IVa), and (E)-3-{4-[(E)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethenyl]quinolin-2-yl}-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, C30H20FNO, (IVb), are very similar. In each compound, the molecules are linked into a three-dimensional array by hydrogen bonds, of the C-H...O and C-H...N types in (IVa), and of the C-H...O and C-H...π types in (IVb), and by two independent π-π stacking interactions. By contrast, the conformation of the chalcone unit in (E)-3-{4-[(E)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]quinolin-2-yl}-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, C30H20ClNO, (IVc), differs from those in (IVa) and (IVb). There are only weak hydrogen bonds in the structure of (IVc), but a single rather weak π-π stacking interaction links the molecules into chains. Comparisons are made with some related structures.
Collapse
|
9
|
Flavonoids from Piper Species as Promising Antiprotozoal Agents against Giardia intestinalis. Structure-Activity Relationship and Drug-Likeness Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1386. [PMID: 36355559 PMCID: PMC9695682 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea diseases caused by the intestinal protozoan parasite Giardia intestinalis are a major global health burden. Moreover, there is an ongoing need for novel anti-Giardia drugs due to drawbacks with currently available treatments. This paper reports on the isolation and structural elucidation of six new flavonoids (1-6), along with twenty-three known ones (7-29) from the Piper species. Their structures were established by spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques. Flavonoids were tested for in vitro antiprotozoal activity against Giardia intestinalis trophozoites. In addition, structure-activity relationship (SAR) and in silico ADME studies were performed to understand the pharmacophore and pharmacokinetic properties of these natural compounds. Eight flavonoids from this series exhibited remarkable activity in the micromolar range. Moreover, compound 4 was identified as having a 40-fold greater antiparasitic effect (IC50 61.0 nM) than the clinical reference drug, metronidazole (IC50 2.5 µM). This antiprotozoal potency was coupled with an excellent selectivity index (SI 233) on murine macrophages and in silico drug-likeness. SAR studies revealed that the substitution patterns, type of functional group, and flavonoid skeleton played an essential role in the activity. These findings highlight flavonoid 4 as a promising candidate to develop new drugs for the treatment of Giardia infections.
Collapse
|
10
|
Antitumor Effect of the Synthesized Chalcone Analogues on HeLa Cell Line. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2021-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Chalcones represent a type of flavonoids which are located at vegetative and reproductive organs of plants and they can be metabolic progenitor molecules for several flavonoids and isoflavonoids. Many studies indicated that molecular structure of chalcone accountable for their anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. The aim of our research was to investigate anti-tumor effect and mechanism of action of three synthesized chalcone analogues on HeLa cells. The anti-tumor effectiveness of chalcone analogues was compared to effects of the dehydrozingerone and cisplatin that were used as referent substances.
The viability of the treated cells was evaluated using MTT assay. Evaluation of cell death was determined by flow cytometry and cells were stained with Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD. The result of our research indicated that used chalcones have stronger antitumor effect relative to the dehydrozingerone and cisplatin.
The IC50 values of the chalcones ranged between 1.69-6.18 μM, with CH1 being more cytotoxic after 24 h of treatment, while CH3 being more cytotoxic after 48 h of treatment on HeLa cells. All investigated chalcones induced apoptosis in HeLa cells via mitochondrial pathway, which was detected expression Bax and Bcl- 2 proteins.
Our results provided evidence that chalcones induced apoptosis in HeLa cervical carcinoma through the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanism of chalcones-induced cell death.
Collapse
|
11
|
1-Hydroxynaphthalene-4-trifluoromethylphenyl chalcone and 3‑hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylphenyl flavone: A combined experimental, structural, in vitro AChE, BChE and in silico studies. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
12
|
Synthesis, molecular structure, DFT studies, in silico docking and molecular dynamics simulations of 2,6 dimethoxychalcone derivatives as BRD4 inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
13
|
Thiazole-based Chalcone Derivatives as Potential Anti-inflammatory Agents: Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modelling. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:257-268. [PMID: 33319674 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621999201214232458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is a multifactorial process reflecting the response of the organism to various stimuli and is associated with a number of disorders such as arthritis, asthma and psoriasis, which require long-lasting or repeated treatment. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of previous synthesized thiazole-based chalcone derivatives. METHODS Chalcones were synthesized via Cliazen-Schmidt condensation1-(4-methyl-2- alkylamino)thiazol-5-yl) ethanone with a corresponding aromatic aldehyde. For the evaluation of possible anti-inflammatory activity, carrageenan mouse paw edema was used. RESULTS Eight out of thirteen tested chalcones showed anti-inflammatory activity in a range of 51- 55%. Prediction of toxicity revealed that these compounds are not toxic. CONCLUSION In general, it can be concluded that these compounds can be used for further modifications in order to develop more active and safe agents.
Collapse
|
14
|
Synthesis and biological activity evaluation of some new mixed azines appended tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1882497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
15
|
Design and synthesis of methoxyphenyl- and coumarin-based chalcone derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents by inhibition of NO production and down-regulation of NF-κB in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Bioorg Chem 2021; 107:104630. [PMID: 33476864 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Exaggerated inflammatory responses may cause serious and debilitating diseases such as acute lung injury and rheumatoid arthritis. Two series of chalcone derivatives were prepared as anti-inflammatory agents. Methoxylated phenyl-based chalcones 2a-l and coumarin-based chalcones 3a-f were synthesized and compared for their inhibition of COX-2 enzyme and nitric oxide production suppression. Methoxylated phenyl-based chalcones showed better inhibition to COX-2 enzyme and nitric oxide suppression than the coumarin-based chalcones. Among the 18 synthesized chalcone derivatives, compound 2f exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activity by inhibition of nitric oxide concentration in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages (IC50 = 11.2 μM). The tested compound 2f showed suppression of iNOS and COX-2 enzymes. Moreover, compound 2f decreases in the expression of NF-κB and phosphorylated IκB in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Finally, docking studies suggested the inhibition of IKKβ as a mechanism of action and highlighted the importance of 2f hydrophobic interactions.
Collapse
|
16
|
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Amino Chalcone Derivatives as Antiproliferative Agents. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235530. [PMID: 33255804 PMCID: PMC7728372 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcone is a common scaffold found in many biologically active compounds. The chalcone scaffold was also frequently utilized to design novel anticancer agents with potent biological efficacy. Aiming to continue the research of effective chalcone derivatives to treat cancers with potent anticancer activity, fourteen amino chalcone derivatives were designed and synthesized. The antiproliferative activity of amino chalcone derivatives was studied in vitro and 5-Fu as a control group. Some of the compounds showed moderate to good activity against three human cancer cells (MGC-803, HCT-116 and MCF-7 cells) and compound 13e displayed the best antiproliferative activity against MGC-803 cells, HCT-116 cells and MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 1.52 μM (MGC-803), 1.83 μM (HCT-116) and 2.54 μM (MCF-7), respectively which was more potent than the positive control (5-Fu). Further mechanism studies were explored. The results of cell colony formatting assay suggested compound 10e inhibited the colony formation of MGC-803 cells. DAPI fluorescent staining and flow cytometry assay showed compound 13e induced MGC-803 cells apoptosis. Western blotting experiment indicated compound 13e induced cell apoptosis via the extrinsic/intrinsic apoptosis pathway in MGC-803 cells. Therefore, compound 13e might be a valuable lead compound as antiproliferative agents and amino chalcone derivatives worth further effort to improve amino chalcone derivatives' potency.
Collapse
|
17
|
Identification of quinoline-chalcones and heterocyclic chalcone-appended quinolines as broad-spectrum pharmacological agents. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104419. [PMID: 33142228 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Quinoline derivatives have been reported to possess enticing pharmacological properties. In particular, quinoline-chalcones are identified as promising scaffolds for drug discovery. For a long, the quinoline analogs have been in clinical use for various medical conditions such as cancer inhibitory activity, antibacterial and antifungal, anti-plasmodial, DNA damage inhibitory activity, etc. The number of causalities recorded because of the above-mentioned clinical states is significantly large. Though drug design and discovery is a continuous process all over the world, issues like drug-resistance, low metabolic stability, and long-range side effects are potential hindrances for the continuous use of present pharmacological drugs. In this review work, we focused on the recent drug discovery based on quinoline-chalcones. The work emphasizes the potency of a wide range of quinoline chalcone analogs towards the inhibition of infections caused by the various pathogenic microbes such as bacteria, fungi, plasmodium. Alongside, the quinoline chalcones possessing DNA cleavage properties and cancer cell growth inhibitory properties are also discussed. More importantly, the strongest pharmacological molecules are identified based on the inhibitory properties, cytotoxic values, and pharmacokinetics of synthesized derivatives. Additionally, a structure-activity relationship is established amongst the evaluated molecules. Supplemented by the mechanism of action in few pharmacological activities, the potent activity is also proved by the favorable binding interactions in molecular simulation studies.
Collapse
|
18
|
Flavonoids as Phytoestrogenic Components of Hops and Beer. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184201. [PMID: 32937790 PMCID: PMC7570471 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The value of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) in beer production has been undisputed for centuries. Hops is rich in humulones and lupulones which gives the characteristic aroma and bitter taste, and preserves this golden drink against growing bacteria and molds. Besides α- and β-acids, the lupulin glands of hop cones excrete prenylated flavonoids, which exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities and therefore has therapeutic potential in humans. Recently, interest in hops was raised due to hop prenylated flavanones which show extraordinary estrogen activities. The strongest known phytoestrogen so far is 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN), which along with 6-prenylanaringenin (6-PN), 6,8-diprenylnaringenin (6,8-DPN) and 8-geranylnaringenin (8-GN) are fundamental for the potent estrogen activity of hops. This review provides insight into the unusual hop phytoestrogens and shows numerous health benefits associated with their wide spectrum of biological activities including estrogenic, anticancer, neuropreventive, antinflamatory, and antimicrobial properties, which were intensively studied, and potential applications of these compounds such as, as an alternative to hormone replacement therapy (HRT).
Collapse
|
19
|
Synthesis, structure elucidation and plants growth promoting effects of novel quinolinyl chalcones. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
|
20
|
Furanyl chalcone derivatives as efficient singlet oxygen quenchers. An experimental and DFT/MRCI study. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
21
|
Synthesis, Biological Activity and Action Mechanism Study of Novel Chalcone Derivatives Containing Malonate. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000025. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
22
|
An Environment-friendly Synthesis of Piperonal Chalcones and Their Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Evaluation. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666181016155934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Grindstone technique has been widely used as an efficient, consistent,
more environmentally benign, solvent-free protocol for the preparation of many compounds with
higher atom economy.
Methods:
A series of fourteen piperonal chalcone compounds were synthesized by this method and
characterized by physical and spectral data (FT-IR, 1H NMR, Mass and elemental analysis). All
chalcones were evaluated for their cytotoxic action against the cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and HepG2.
One 2-pyridyl-substituted compound 14 with IC50 values 17.4±0.2 towards MCF-7 and
15.4±0.6µmol L-1 towards HepG2 cells.
Results:
The results demonstrated that the cytotoxic activity of 2-pyridyl-substituted compound
shown higher activity as compared with the standard cisplatin towards HepG2 cells.
Conclusion:
Compound 14 showed good antioxidant activities in the DPPH test and H2O2 assay
(IC50 = 17.23± 33/µg/mL and 20.17± 0.33µg/mL) when compared with the standard ascorbic acid
(IC50=µg/mL 18.26 ± 0.22and 21.66± 1.06 µg/mL).
Collapse
|
23
|
The Antioxidant Activity of Prenylflavonoids. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030696. [PMID: 32041233 PMCID: PMC7037609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenylated flavonoids combine the flavonoid moiety and the lipophilic prenyl side-chain. A great number of derivatives belonging to the class of chalcones, flavones, flavanones, isoflavones and other complex structures possessing different prenylation patterns have been studied in the past two decades for their potential as antioxidant agents. In this review, current knowledge on the natural occurrence and structural characteristics of both natural and synthetic derivatives was compiled. An exhaustive survey on the methods used to evaluate the antioxidant potential of these prenylflavonoids and the main results obtained were also presented and discussed. Whenever possible, structure-activity relationships were explored.
Collapse
|
24
|
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of a series novel 5,7-diisoprenyloxyflavone derivatives. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97901919000417721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
25
|
Abstract
Cardamonin (CAD) is a member of the aromatic ketones family that is closely related to anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. Nevertheless, the physiological function of cardamonin in chronic colitis and colon cancer has not been well verified. We found that cardamonin treatment alleviates intestinal disease, including recurring colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis, along with the reduced secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α. Further, cardamonin inhibits cell viability and inflammation factors of colorectal cancer cells in vitro. In tumor cells, the inhibitory effect of cardamonin on cell proliferation is closely related to decreased phosphorylation of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signals. This study reveals the crucial role of cardamonin in sustaining gastrointestinal homeostasis and offers a new strategy for colon cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Effective and Sustainable Access to Quinolines and Acridines: A Heterogeneous Imidazolium Salt Mediates C-C and C-N Bond Formation. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
28
|
Analyzing bioactive effects of the minor hop compound xanthohumol C on human breast cancer cells using quantitative proteomics. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213469. [PMID: 30875365 PMCID: PMC6420031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Minor prenylated hop compounds have been attracting increasing attention due to their promising anticarcinogenic properties. Even after intensive purification from natural raw extracts, allocating certain activities to single compounds or complex interactions of the main compound with remaining impurities in very low concentration is difficult. In this study, dose-dependent antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of the promising xanthohumol (XN) analogue xanthohumol C (XNC) were evaluated and compared to XN and a XN-enriched hop extract (XF). It was demonstrated that the cell growth inhibition of human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) significantly increases after being treated with XNC compared to XN and XF. Based on label-free data-dependent acquisition proteomics, physiological influences on the proteome of MCF-7 cells were analyzed. Different modes of action between XNC and XN treated MCF-7 cells could be postulated. XNC causes ER stress and seems to be involved in cell-cell adhesion, whereas XN influences cell cycles and DNA replication as well as type I interferon signaling pathway. The results demonstrate the utility of using quantitative proteomics for bioactivity screenings of minor hop compounds and underscore the importance of isolating highly pure compounds into their distinct forms to analyze their different and possibly synergistic activities and modes of action.
Collapse
|
29
|
Evaluation of the Inhibitory Effects of (E)-1-(2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(naphthalen-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (DiNap), a Natural Product Analog, on the Replication of Type 2 PRRSV In Vitro and In Vivo. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050887. [PMID: 30832429 PMCID: PMC6429065 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
DiNap [(E)-1-(2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(naphthalen-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one], an analog of a natural product (the chalcone flavokawain), was synthesized and characterized in this study. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the most challenging threat to the swine industry worldwide. Currently, commercially available vaccines are ineffective for controlling porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) in pigs. Therefore, a pharmacological intervention may represent an alternative control measure for PRRSV infection. Hence, the present study evaluated the effects of DiNap on the replication of VR2332 (a prototype strain of type 2 PRRSV). Initially, in vitro antiviral assays against VR2332 were performed in MARC-145 cells and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). Following this, a pilot study was conducted in a pig model to demonstrate the effects of DiNap following VR2332 infection. DiNap inhibited VR2332 replication in both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, and viral growth was completely suppressed at concentrations ≥0.06 mM, without significant cytotoxicity. Consistent with these findings, in the pig study, DiNap also reduced viral loads in the serum and lungs and enhanced the weight gain of pigs following VR2332 infection, as indicated by comparison of the DiNap-treated groups to the untreated control (NC) group. In addition, DiNap-treated pigs had fewer gross and microscopic lesions in their lungs than NC pigs. Notably, virus transmission was also delayed by approximately 1 week in uninfected contact pigs within the same group after treatment with DiNap. Taken together, these results suggest that DiNap has potential anti-PRRSV activity and could be useful as a prophylactic or post-exposure treatment drug to control PRRSV infection in pigs.
Collapse
|
30
|
Novel chalcone derivatives containing a 1,2,4-triazine moiety: design, synthesis, antibacterial and antiviral activities. RSC Adv 2019; 9:6011-6020. [PMID: 35517271 PMCID: PMC9060900 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00618d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel chalcone derivatives containing the 1,2,4-triazine moiety were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analyses. Antiviral bioassays revealed that most of the compounds exhibited good antiviral activity against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) at a concentration of 500 μg mL-1. The designated compound 4l was 50% effective in terms of curative and protective activities against TMV with 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of 10.9 and 79.4 μg mL-1, which were better than those of ningnanmycin (81.4 and 82.2 μg mL-1). Microscale thermophoresis (MST) also showed that the binding of compound 4l to coat protein (TMV-CP) yielded a K d value of 0.275 ± 0.160 μmol L-1, which was better than that of ningnanmycin (0.523 ± 0.250 μmol L-1). At the same time, molecular docking studies for 4l with TMV-CP (PDB code:1EI7) showed that the compound was embedded well in the pocket between the two subunits of TMV-CP. Meanwhile, compound 4a demonstrated excellent antibacterial activities against Ralstonia solanacearum (R. solanacearum), with an EC50 value of 0.1 μg mL-1, which was better than that of thiodiazole-copper (36.1 μg mL-1) and bismerthiazol (49.5 μg mL-1). The compounds act by causing folding and deformation of the bacterial cell membrane as observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chalcone derivatives thus synthesized could become potential alternative templates for novel antiviral and antibacterial agents.
Collapse
|
31
|
Biological activity evaluation and action mechanism of chalcone derivatives containing thiophene sulfonate. RSC Adv 2019; 9:24942-24950. [PMID: 35528674 PMCID: PMC9069940 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05349b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel chalcone derivatives containing a thiophene sulfonate group were designed and synthesized. The structures of all title compounds were determined by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and HRMS. Antibacterial bioassays indicated that, compound 2l demonstrated excellent antibacterial activities against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac), with an EC50 value of 11.4 μg mL−1, which is significantly superior to those of bismerthiazol (BT) (51.6 μg mL−1) and thiodiazole-copper (TC) (94.7 μg mL−1). Meanwhile, the mechanism of action of compound 2l was confirmed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, compound 2e showed remarkable inactivation activity against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), with an EC50 value of 44.3 μg mL−1, which was superior to that of ningnanmycin (120.6 μg mL−1). Microscale thermophoresis (MST) also showed that the binding of compounds 2e and 2h to Tobacco mosaic virus coat protein (TMV-CP) yielded Kd values of 0.270 and 0.301 μmol L−1, which are better than that of ningnanmycin (0.596 μmol L−1). At the same time, molecular docking studies for 2e and 2h with TMV-CP (PDB code: 1EI7) showed that the compound was embedded well in the pocket between the two subunits of TMV-CP in each case. These results suggested that chalcone derivatives containing a thiophene sulfonate group may be considered as activators in the design of antibacterial and antiviral agents. Synthesis, antibacterial, antiviral activities and action mechanism of chalcone derivatives containing thiophene sulfonate.![]()
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Multistage mesoporous magnesium oxide prepared by a simple hydrothermal method has an ideal particle size, channel distribution, active crystal face, good catalytic activity and regeneration ability.
Collapse
|
33
|
|
34
|
Design and Synthesis of Fluorinated and/or Hydroxylated 2‐Arylidene‐1‐indanone Derivatives as an Inhibitor of LPS‐stimulated ROS Production in RAW 264.7 Macrophages with Structure–Activity Relationship Study. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
35
|
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Bis-3,5-disubstituted Isoxazoles Based Chalcones. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218090232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
36
|
Presence of antigenotoxic and anticytotoxic effects of the chalcone 1E,4E-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one using in vitro and in vivo assays. Drug Chem Toxicol 2018; 43:383-390. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1497046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
37
|
A Novel Stabilizing Approach to Improve the Manufacturing of Biodegradable Microparticles Entrapping Plasticizing Active Molecules: the Case of 4-Methoxychalcone. J Pharm Innov 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-018-9346-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
38
|
The novel chalcone analog L2H17 protects retinal ganglion cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:1665-1672. [PMID: 30127130 PMCID: PMC6126127 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.237140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chalcone is a plant metabolite widely found in fruits, vegetables, spices and tea, and has anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, immunomodulation, antibacterial and anti-oxidation activities, as well as many other pharmacological and biological effects. Our team has shown that its analogs have antioxidant activity, and oxidative stress is a pathological hallmark of retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury that can lead to retinal damage and visual loss. This investigation aims to identify a chalcone that protects retinal ganglion cells in vitro from the effects of oxidative stress and examine its mechanism. Rat retinal ganglion cell-5 cells were pretreated with chalcones and then exposed to tert-butyl hydroperoxide that causes oxidative damage. Controls received dimethyl sulfoxide only or tert-butyl hydroperoxide in dimethyl sulfoxide. Only (E)-3,4-dihydroxy-2'-methylether ketone (L2H17), of the five chalcone analogs, markedly increased the survival rate of oxidatively injured RGC-5 cells. Thus, subsequent experiments only analyzed the results of the L2H17 intervention. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured. Intracellular superoxide dismutase and reactive oxygen species levels were used to assess induced oxidative stress. The mechanism of action by L2H17 was explored by measuring the ER stress/UPR pathway and the expression and localization of Nrf2. All results demonstrated that L2H17 could reduce the apoptosis of oxidatively injured cells, inhibit caspase-3 activity, increase Bcl-2 expression, decrease Bad expression, increase the activity of superoxide dismutase, inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species, increase Nrf2 immunoreactivity, and reduce the activating transcription factor 4, phospho-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 and CHOP expression. L2H17 protects retinal ganglion cells induced by oxidative stress by regulating Nrf2, which indicates that it has the potential to become a drug for retinal ischemia/reperfusion.
Collapse
|
39
|
Heterocyclization of polarized system: synthesis, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory 4-(pyridin-3-yl)-6-(thiophen-2-yl) pyrimidine-2-thiol derivatives. Chem Cent J 2018; 12:68. [PMID: 29881977 PMCID: PMC5992111 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-018-0437-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chalcones are intent in the daily diet as a favorable chemotherapeutic compound; on the other hand thiophene moiety is present in a large number of bioactive molecules having diverse biological efficiency. Results Our current goal is the synthesis of (E)-1-(pyridin-3-yl)-3-(thiophen-2-yl) prop-2-en-1-one 3 that’s used as a starting compound to synthesize the novel pyrimidine-2-thiol, pyrazole, pyran derivatives. Chalcones 3 was prepared by condensation of 3-acetylpyridine with thiophene 2-carboxaldehyde which reacted with thiourea to obtain pyrimidinthiol derivative 4. Compound 4 was allowed to react with hydrazine hydrate to afford 2-hydrazinylpyrimidine derivative 5. Compound 5 was used as a key intermediate for a facile synthesis of the targets 6 and 7. In contrast, pyranone 8 was obtained by transformation of compound 5. Using as a precursor for the synthesis of new pyrazolo pyrimidine derivatives 9–10. The major incentive behind the preparation of these compounds was the immense biological activities associated to these heterocyclic derivatives. Conclusions The newly synthesized compounds (1–4) showed potent anti-inflammatory activities both in vitro and in vivo. They also exhibited promising antioxidant vitalities against α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation. In conclusion, compound 1 showed a hopefully anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.![]()
Collapse
|
40
|
Synthesis, crystal structure, spectroscopic characterization, docking simulation and density functional studies of 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) -3-(4-flurophenyl)-propan-1-one. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
41
|
Synthesis and Preliminary Antimicrobial Analysis of Isatin-Ferrocene and Isatin-Ferrocenyl Chalcone Conjugates. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:5808-5813. [PMID: 30023926 PMCID: PMC6045481 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we outline the synthesis of isatin-ferrocenyl chalcone and 1H-1,2,3-triazole-tethered isatin-ferrocene conjugates along with their antimicrobial evaluation against the human mucosal pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis. The introduction of a triazole ring among the synthesized conjugates improved the activity profiles with most of the compounds in the library, exhibiting 100% growth inhibition in a preliminary susceptibility screen at 100 μM. IC50 determination of the most potent compounds in the set revealed an inhibitory range between 2 and 13 μM. Normal flora microbiome are unaffected by these compounds, suggesting that these may be new chemical scaffolds for the discovery of new drugs against trichomonad infections.
Collapse
|
42
|
Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of Minor Hops Prenylflavonoids and New Insights on Prenyl Group Cyclization. Molecules 2018; 23:E776. [PMID: 29597299 PMCID: PMC6017146 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of minor prenylflavonoids found in hops and their non-natural derivatives were performed. The antiproliferative activity of the obtained compounds against some human cancer cell lines was investigated. Using xanthohumol isolated from spent hops as a lead compound, a series of minor hop prenylflavonoids and synthetic derivatives were obtained by isomerization, cyclisation, oxidative-cyclisation, oxidation, reduction and demethylation reactions. Three human cancer cell lines-breast (MCF-7), prostate (PC-3) and colon (HT-29)-were used in antiproliferative assays, with cisplatin as a control compound. Five minor hop prenyl flavonoids and nine non-natural derivatives of xanthohumol have been synthetized. Syntheses of xanthohumol K, its dihydro- and tetrahydro-derivatives and 1″,2″,α,β-tetrahydroxanthohumol C were described for the first time. All of the minor hops prenyl flavonoids exhibited strong to moderate antiproliferative activity in vitro. The minor hops flavonoids xanthohumol C and 1″,2″-dihydroxanthohumol K and non-natural 2,3-dehydroisoxanthohumol exhibited the activity comparable to cisplatin. Results described in the article suggest that flavonoids containing chromane- and chromene-like moieties, especially chalcones, are potent antiproliferative agents. The developed new efficient, regioselective cyclisation reaction of the xanthohumol prenyl group to 1″,2″-dihydroxantohumol K may be used in the synthesis of other compounds with the chromane moiety.
Collapse
|
43
|
Halo-Substituted Chalcones and Azachalcones-Inhibited, Lipopolysaccharited-Stimulated, Pro-Inflammatory Responses through the TLR4-Mediated Pathway. Molecules 2018; 23:E597. [PMID: 29518899 PMCID: PMC6017711 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of B-ring, halo-substituted chalcones and azachalcones were synthesized to evaluate and compare their anti-inflammatory activity. Mouse BALB/c macrophage RAW 264.7 were pre-treated with 10 μg/mL of each compound for one hour before induction of inflammation by lipopolysaccharide (1 μg/mL) for 6 h. Some halo-chalcones and -azachalcones suppressed expression of pro-inflammatory factors toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), IκB-α, transcription factor p65, interleukine 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). The present results showed that the synthetic halo-azachalcones exhibited more significant inhibition than halo-chalcones. Therefore, the nitrogen atom in this series of azachalcones must play a more crucial role than the corresponding C-2 hydroxyl group of chalcones in biological activity. Our findings will lay the background for the future development of anti-inflammatory nutraceuticals.
Collapse
|
44
|
In silico modeling and synthesis of phenyl and thienyl analogs of chalcones for potential leads as anti-bacterial agents. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
45
|
Studies on structural, optical, thermal and vibrational properties of thienyl chalcone derivative: 1-(4-Nitrophenyl)-3-(2-thienyl)prop-2-en-1-one. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
46
|
Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of aminoalkylated chalcones on three human cancer cells. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2120-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
47
|
Molecular, vibrational and electronic structure of 4-bromo-2-halogenobenzaldehydes: Halogen and solvent effects. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2017-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe halogen and solvent effects on the structure of 4-bromo-2-halogenobenzaldehydes [C
Collapse
|
48
|
Activity of 3'-hydroxychalcone against Cryptococcus gattii and toxicity, and efficacy in alternative animal models. Future Microbiol 2017; 12:1123-1134. [PMID: 28876122 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2017-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This work aimed to evaluate the activity of 3'-hydroxychalcone against Cryptococcus gattii in planktonic and biofilm forms and their toxicity using alternative animal models. MATERIALS & METHODS Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicide concentration were determined. Biofilm formation and the susceptibility tests were performed by the 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[carbonyl(phenylamino)]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide assay. Toxicity and efficacy were checked in Danio rerio and Galleria mellonella models. RESULTS The compound 3'-hydroxychalcone showed fungicidal activity against C. gattii in both planktonic and biofilm forms. The toxicity in zebrafish embryos revealed a low lethal concentration. In G. mellonella, the compound did not show antifungal activity and larvae toxicity. CONCLUSION Because of the activity of 3'-hydroxychalcone against C. gattii in vitro, molecular modifications should be made to improve efficacy and to reduce toxicity in vivo. [Formula: see text].
Collapse
|
49
|
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of some Functionalized Heterocycles Derived from Novel Quinolinyl Chalcone. J Heterocycl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
50
|
Simple and efficient route for the synthesis of functionalized 2,3,7,8-tetrahydro-4H,6H-pyrano[3,2-g]chromene-4,6-diones. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-017-2085-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|