1
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Insights into binding molecular mechanism of hemagglutinin H3N2 of influenza virus complexed with arbidol and its derivative: A molecular dynamics simulation perspective. Comput Biol Chem 2022; 101:107764. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2022.107764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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2
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Bangaru S, Madhu G, Srinivasan M, Manivannan P. Exploring flexibility, intermolecular interactions and ADMET profiles of anti-influenza agent isorhapontigenin: A quantum chemical and molecular docking study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10122. [PMID: 36039137 PMCID: PMC9418217 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Isorhapontigenin (IRPG) drug emerges as promising efficient inhibitor for H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes which belong to influenza A virus; reported with IC50 value of 35.62 and 63.50 μM respectively. When experimental data are compared to the predicted geometrical parameters and vibrational assignments (FT-IR and FT-Raman), the findings indicated a strong correlation. The absorption bands of π→π∗ transitions are revealed through UV-Vis electronic properties; this confirms that the IRPG molecule shows strong bands. Through NBO and HOMO-LUMO analysis, the kinetic stability and chemical reactivity of the IRPG molecule were investigated. By using an MEP map, the IRPG's electrophilic and nucleophilic site selectivity was assessed. In a molecular docking investigation, the IRPG molecule shows a stronger inhibition constant and binding affinity for the H1N1 and H3N2 influenza virus. The IRPG molecule thus reveals good biological actions in nature and can be used as a potential therapeutic drug candidate for H1N1 and H3N2 virus A influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathya Bangaru
- Department of Physics, Periyar University PG Extension Centre, Dharmapuri, 636 701, Tamilnadu, India.,SSN Research Centre, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603 110, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Govindammal Madhu
- Department of Physics, Periyar University PG Extension Centre, Dharmapuri, 636 701, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M Srinivasan
- SSN Research Centre, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603 110, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Prasath Manivannan
- Department of Physics, Periyar University PG Extension Centre, Dharmapuri, 636 701, Tamilnadu, India
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3
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Liu J, Su M, Chen X, Li Z, Fang Z, Yi L. Lipid-mediated biosynthetic labeling strategy for in vivo dynamic tracing of avian influenza virus infection. J Biomater Appl 2022; 36:1689-1699. [PMID: 34996310 DOI: 10.1177/08853282211063298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring the infection behavior of avian influenza viruses is crucial for understanding viral pathogenesis and preventing its epidemics among people. A number of viral labeling methods have been utilized for tracking viral infection process, but most of them are laborious or decreasing viral activity. Herein we explored a lipid biosynthetic labeling strategy for dynamical tracking the infection of H5N1 pseudotype virus (H5N1p) in host. Biotinylated lipids (biotinyl Cap-PE) were successfully incorporated into viral envelope when it underwent budding process by taking advantage of host cell-derived lipid metabolism. Biotin-H5N1p virus was effectively in situ-labeled with streptavidin-modified near-infrared quantum dots (NIR SA-QDs) using streptavidin-biotin conjugation with well-preserved virus activities. Dual-labeled imaging obviously shows that H5N1p viruses are primarily taken up in host cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. In animal models, Virus-conjugated NIR QDs displayed extraordinary photoluminescence, superior stability, and tissue penetration in lung, allowing us to long-term monitor respiratory viral infection in a noninvasive manner. Importantly, the co-localization of viral hemagglutinin protein and QDs in infected lung further conformed the dynamic infection process of virus in vivo. Hence, this in situ QD-labeling strategy based on cell natural biosynthesis provides a brand-new and reliable tool for noninvasion visualizing viral infection in body in a real-time manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, 70570Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minhong Su
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, 70570Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, 70570Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongli Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, 70570Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zekui Fang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, 70570Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Yi
- Special Medical Service Center, Zhujiang Hospital, 70570Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Chen Z, Cui Q, Caffrey M, Rong L, Du R. Small Molecule Inhibitors of Influenza Virus Entry. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060587. [PMID: 34207368 PMCID: PMC8234048 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemagglutinin (HA) plays a critical role during influenza virus receptor binding and subsequent membrane fusion process, thus HA has become a promising drug target. For the past several decades, we and other researchers have discovered a series of HA inhibitors mainly targeting its fusion machinery. In this review, we summarize the advances in HA-targeted development of small molecule inhibitors. Moreover, we discuss the structural basis and mode of action of these inhibitors, and speculate upon future directions toward more potent inhibitors of membrane fusion and potential anti-influenza drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (Z.C.); (Q.C.)
| | - Qinghua Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (Z.C.); (Q.C.)
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266122, China
| | - Michael Caffrey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;
| | - Lijun Rong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (R.D.); Tel.: +1-312-355-0203 (L.R.); +86-0531-89628505 (R.D.)
| | - Ruikun Du
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (Z.C.); (Q.C.)
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266122, China
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (R.D.); Tel.: +1-312-355-0203 (L.R.); +86-0531-89628505 (R.D.)
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5
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Li S, Jia X, Li H, Ye Y, Zhang X, Gao Y, Guo G, Liu S, Song G. Structure-aided optimization of 3-O-β-chacotriosyl epiursolic acid derivatives as novel H5N1 virus entry inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127518. [PMID: 32882419 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
It is urgent to develop new antiviral agents due to the continuous emergence of drug-resistant strains of influenza virus. Our earlier studies have identified that certain pentacyclic triterpene saponins with 3-O-β-chacotriosyl residue are novel H5N1 virus entry inhibitors. In the present study, a series of C-28 modified 3-O-β-chacotriosyl epiursolic acid derivatives via conjugation with different kinds of sides were synthesized, of which anti-H5N1 activities in A549 cells were evaluated in vitro. Among them, 10 exhibited strongest anti-H5N1 potency at the low-micromole level without cytotoxicity, surpassing the potency of ribavirin. Further mechanism studies of the lead compound 10 based on HI, SPR and molecular modeling revealed that these new 3-epiursolic acid saponins could bind tightly to the viral envelope HA protein, thus blocking the invasion of H5N1 viruses into host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiuhua Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yilu Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xuesha Zhang
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yongfeng Gao
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guoqing Guo
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Gaopeng Song
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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6
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Sathya B, Karthi S, Ajaijawahar K, Prasath M. Probing the vibrational spectroscopic properties and binding mechanism of anti-influenza agent Liquiritin using experimental and computational studies. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04216-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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7
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Li H, Chen L, Li S, Liao Y, Wang L, Liu Z, Liu S, Song G. Incorporation of privileged structures into 3-O-β-chacotriosyl ursolic acid can enhance inhibiting the entry of the H5N1 virus. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:2675-2680. [PMID: 31371135 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The glycoprotein hemagglutinin of influenza virus plays a key role in the initial stage of virus infection, making it a potential target for novel influenza viruses entry inhibitors. Two "privileged fragments", 2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethan-1-amine and 2-(1,3-oxazinan-3-yl)ethan-1-amine were integrated into 3-O-β-chacotriosyl ursolic acid producing new derivatives 5 and 6 with improved activity against IAVs in vitro. Mechanistically, compound 6 was effective in inhibiting infection of H1-, H3-, and H5-typed influenza A viruses by interfering with the viral hemagglutinin. Furthermore, the docking studies were in agreement with the antiviral data. These results showed that the title compound 6 as a new lead compound was meriting further optimization and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lizhu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yixian Liao
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Gaopeng Song
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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8
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Liao Y, Chen L, Li S, Cui ZN, Lei Z, Li H, Liu S, Song G. Structure-aided optimization of 3-O-β-chacotriosyl ursolic acid as novel H5N1 entry inhibitors with high selective index. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:4048-4058. [PMID: 31350154 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Currently, entry inhibitors contribute immensely in developing a new generation of anti-influenza virus drugs. Our earlier studies have identified that 3-O-β-chacotriosyl ursolic acid (1) could inhibit H5N1 pseudovirus by targeting hemagglutinin (HA). In the present study, a series of C-28 modified pentacyclic triterpene saponins via conjugation with a series of amide derivatives were synthesized and their antiviral activities against influenza A/Duck/Guangdong/99 virus (H5N1) in MDCK cells were evaluated. The SARs analysis of these compounds revealed that introduction of certain amide structures at the 17-COOH of ursolic acid could significantly enhance both their antiviral activity and selective index. This study indicated that the attachment of the methoxy group or Cl atom to the phenyl ring at the ortho- or para-position was crucial to improve inhibitory activity. Mechanism studies demonstrated that these title triterpenoids could bind tightly to the viral envelope HA to block the attachment of viruses to host cells, which was consistent with docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixian Liao
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lizhu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zi-Ning Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhiwei Lei
- Guizhou Tea Reasearch Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Guiyang, Guizhou 550006, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Gaopeng Song
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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9
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Kannan S, Shankar R, Kolandaivel P. Insights into structural and inhibitory mechanisms of low pH-induced conformational change of influenza HA2 protein: a computational approach. J Mol Model 2019; 25:99. [PMID: 30904969 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-3982-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Though oseltamivir and zanamivir are the active anti-influenza drugs, the emergence of different strains of influenza A virus with mutations creates drug-resistance to these drugs. Therefore, it is essential to find a suitable approach to stop the viral infection. The present study focuses on understanding the conformational changes of the HA2 protein at different pH levels (pH 7, pH 6, pH 5) and on blocking the low pH-induced conformational changes of the HA2 protein with a suitable ligand using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation methods. As the pH value decreases to pH 5, the protein undergoes large conformational changes with less stability in the order of pH 7 > pH 6 > pH 5. The fusion peptide (residues 1-20) and the extended loop (residues 58-75) deviate more at pH 5. The ligand stachyflin bound between the N- and C-terminal helix regions retains the stability of the HA2 protein at pH 5 and blocks the low pH-induced conformational transition. The performance of stachyflin is increased when it directly interacts with residues at the intramonomer binding site rather than the intermonomer binding site. The susceptibility of the HA2 protein of different subtypes to stachyflin is in the order of H1 > H7 > H5 > H2 > H3. Stachflin has a higher binding affinity for H1 (at pH 7, pH 6, pH 5) and H7 subtypes than others. Lys47, Lys58, and Glu103 are the key residues that favor the binding and highly stabilize the HA2 protein at low pH. Graphical abstract Low pH-induced conformational change of influenza HA2 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kannan
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
| | - R Shankar
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
| | - P Kolandaivel
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India. .,Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, India.
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10
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Shen X, Zhu Z, Ding Y, Wu W, Yang J, Liu S. An oligothiophene compound neutralized influenza A viruses by interfering with hemagglutinin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1860:784-791. [PMID: 29229526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Recently influenza pandemic outbreaks were caused by emerging H5N1, H7N9 and H1N1 viruses. However, virucidal disinfectants are mainly unspecific and toxic. It is tactical to discover specific virucidal compounds. METHODS The inhibitory potency was determined in H5N1 pseudovirus system; Interactions of compounds with hemagglutinin (HA) were detected with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and further calculated with molecular docking. Virucidal effect was also estimated in influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1). Prevention efficacy was further estimated in mice model. RESULTS Oligothiophene compound 4sc was potently virucidal against H5N1 pseudovirus with selective index>1169 (IC50=0.17±0.01μM). Pseudovirus assay revealed 4sc may interact with HA. However, HA inhibition test indicated 4sc did not interact with receptor pocket in HA. SPR detection revealed 4sc interacted directly with HA and its HA2 subunits. Molecular docking analysis revealed that 4sc interacted with the cavity of HA2 stem region and HA1-HA2 interface which consist of 7 residues: L22, K262, G472 and F1102 in HA2; M241, E251 and N271 in HA1. 4sc also potently and irreversibly neutralized PR8 (H1N1) virus, causing 105.06±0.26 fold decrease of virus titer after exposure for 10min. 4sc blocked PR8 transmission to MDCK cells. Amazingly, virucidal effect of 4sc was not significantly reduced even at 4°C. Furthermore, 4sc blocked viral transmission to mice. CONCLUSION Oligothiophene compound 4sc is a novel selective virucide of influenza virus, which blocks entry by interfering viral hemagglutinin. Due to promising safety profile and stable virucidal effect at 4°C, 4sc may be useful in disinfecting H5N1 and H1N1 influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintian Shen
- New Drug Screening Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Pharmacy, Bao'an Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518102, China
| | - Zhibo Zhu
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510315, China
| | - Yi Ding
- New Drug Screening Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wenjiao Wu
- New Drug Screening Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jie Yang
- New Drug Screening Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- New Drug Screening Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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11
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Li S, Jia X, Shen X, Wei Z, Jiang Z, Liao Y, Guo Y, Zheng X, Zhong G, Song G. Structure-activity relationships of 3-O-β-chacotriosyl oleanic acid derivatives as entry inhibitors for highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4384-4396. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Oligothiophene compounds inhibit the membrane fusion between H5N1 avian influenza virus and the endosome of host cell. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 130:185-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Zeng LY, Yang J, Liu S. Investigational hemagglutinin-targeted influenza virus inhibitors. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2016; 26:63-73. [PMID: 27918208 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2017.1269170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Seasonal influenza and pandemic outbreaks typically result in high mortality and morbidity associated with severe economic burdens. Vaccines and anti-influenza drugs have made great contributions to control the infection. However, antigenic drifts and shifts allow influenza viruses to easily escape immune neutralization and antiviral drug activity. Hemagglutinin (HA)is an important envelope protein for the entry of influenza viruses into host cells, thus, HA-targeted agents may be potential anti-influenza drugs. Areas covered: In this review, we describe arbidol, a unique licensed drug targeting HA; discuss and summarize HA-targeted anti-influenza agents been tested before or being tested currently in clinical trials, including monoclonal antibodies, small molecule inhibitors, proteins and peptides. Other small molecule inhibitors are also briefly introduced. Expert opinion: Exploring new clinical applications for existing drugs can provide additional anti-influenza candidates with promising safety and bioavailability, and largely shortened time and costs. To enhance therapeutic efficacy and avoid drug-resistance, combination therapy involving in HA-targeted anti-influenza agent is reasonable and attractive. For drug discovery, it is helpful to keep an eye on the development of methodology in organic synthesis and probe into the co-crystal structure of HA in complex with small molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yan Zeng
- a Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Jie Yang
- a Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- a Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,b State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
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14
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Cheng S, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Lv X, Gao GF, Shao Y, Ma L, Li X. Enfuvirtide-PEG conjugate: A potent HIV fusion inhibitor with improved pharmacokinetic properties. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 121:232-237. [PMID: 27240277 PMCID: PMC7115413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Enfuvirtide (ENF) is a clinically used peptide drug for the treatment of HIV infections, but its poor pharmacokinetic profile (T1/2 = 1.5 h in rats) and low aqueous solubility make the therapy expensive and inconvenience. In this study, we present a simple and practical strategy to address these problems by conjugating ENF with polyethylene glycol (PEG). Site-specific attachment of a 2 kDa PEG at the N-terminus of ENF resulted in an ENF-PEG (EP) conjugate with high solubility (≥3 mg/mL) and long half-life in rats (T1/2 = 16.1 h). This conjugate showed similar antiviral activity to ENF against various primary HIV-1 isolates (EC50 = 6-91 nM). Mechanistic studies suggested the sources of the antiviral potency. The conjugate bound to a functional domain of the HIV gp41 protein in a helical conformation with high affinity (Kd = 307 nM), thereby inhibiting the gp41-mediated fusion of viral and host-cell membranes. As PEG conjugation has advanced many bioactive proteins and peptides into clinical applications, the EP conjugate described here represents a potential new treatment for HIV infections that may address the unmet medical needs associated with the current ENF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuihong Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infection Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xun Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - George F Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASCIRE), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yiming Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Infection Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Liying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Infection Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Xuebing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASCIRE), Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
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15
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Agamennone M, Pietrantoni A, Superti F. Identification of small molecules acting against H1N1 influenza A virus. Virology 2015; 488:249-58. [PMID: 26655243 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Influenza virus represents a serious threat to public health. The lack of effective drugs against flu prompted researchers to identify more promising viral target. In this respect hemagglutinin (HA) can represent an interesting option because of its pivotal role in the infection process. With this aim we collected a small library of commercially available compounds starting from a large database and performing a diversity-based selection to reduce the number of screened compounds avoiding structural redundancy of the library. Selected compounds were tested for their hemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) ability against two different A/H1N1 viral strains (one of which is oseltamivir sensitive), and 17 of them showed the ability to interact with HA. Five drug-like molecules, in particular, were able to impair hemagglutination of both A/H1N1 viral strains under study and to inhibit cytopathic effect and hemolysis at sub-micromolar level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Agamennone
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Agostina Pietrantoni
- Department of Technology and Health, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiana Superti
- Department of Technology and Health, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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16
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Sokolova AS, Yarovaya OI, Shernyukov AV, Gatilov YV, Razumova YV, Zarubaev VV, Tretiak TS, Pokrovsky AG, Kiselev OI, Salakhutdinov NF. Discovery of a new class of antiviral compounds: Camphor imine derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 105:263-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Wu W, Lin D, Shen X, Li F, Fang Y, Li K, Xun T, Yang G, Yang J, Liu S, He J. New influenza A Virus Entry Inhibitors Derived from the Viral Fusion Peptides. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138426. [PMID: 26382764 PMCID: PMC4575187 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A viral (IAV) fusion peptides are known for their important role in viral-cell fusion process and membrane destabilization potential which are compatible with those of antimicrobial peptides. Thus, by replacing the negatively or neutrally charged residues of FPs with positively charged lysines, we synthesized several potent antimicrobial peptides derived from the fusogenic peptides (FPs) of hemagglutinin glycoproteins (HAs) of IAV. The biological screening identified that in addition to the potent antibacterial activities, these positively charged fusion peptides (pFPs) effectively inhibited the replication of influenza A viruses including oseltamivir-resistant strain. By employing pseudovirus-based entry inhibition assays including H5N1 influenza A virus (IAV), and VSV-G, the mechanism study indicated that the antiviral activity may be associated with the interactions between the HA2 subunit and pFP, of which, the nascent pFP exerted a strong effect to interrupt the conformational changes of HA2, thereby blocking the entry of viruses into host cells. In addition to providing new peptide “entry blockers”, these data also demonstrate a useful strategy in designing potent antibacterial agents, as well as effective viral entry inhibitors. It would be meaningful in treatment of bacterial co-infection during influenza pandemic periods, as well as in our current war against those emerging pathogenic microorganisms such as IAV and HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Dongguo Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xintian Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Kaiqun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Tianrong Xun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Guang Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (SL); (JH)
| | - Jian He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (SL); (JH)
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18
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Song G, Shen X, Li S, Li Y, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Lin R, Fan J, Ye H, Liu S. Structure-activity relationships of 3-O-β-chacotriosyl ursolic acid derivatives as novel H5N1 entry inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 93:431-42. [PMID: 25728024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of methyl ursolate 3-O-β-chacotrioside analogs have been designed, synthesized and evaluated as H5N1 entry inhibitors based on a small molecule inhibitor saponin 3 previously discovered by us. Detailed structure-activity relationships (SARs) studies on the aglycone of compound 3 indicated that both the type of pentacyclic triterpene and the subtle modification of ursolic acid as an aglycon had key influences on the antiviral activity. These results suggested that either the introduction of a disubstituted amide structure at the 17-COOH of ursolic acid or alteration of the C-3 configuration of ursolic acid from 3β-to 3α-forms was helpful to significantly improve the selective index while keeping their antiviral activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaopeng Song
- College of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Xintian Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yibin Li
- College of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, United States
| | - Yushan Zheng
- College of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ruheng Lin
- College of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jihong Fan
- College of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hanming Ye
- College of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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19
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Song G, Shen X, Li S, Si H, Li Y, Luan H, Fan J, Liang Q, Liu S. Discovery of 3-O-β-chacotriosyl oleanane-type triterpenes as H5N1 entry inhibitors. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02677f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
3-O-β-Chacotriosyl GA–Me5was discovered as a novel H5N1 entry inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaopeng Song
- College of Resources and Environment
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Xintian Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of Human Anatomy
- School of Medicine
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Hongzong Si
- Institute for Computational Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Yibin Li
- College of Resources and Environment
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Haiye Luan
- Institute of Agricultural Science in Coastal Area of Jiangsu Province
- Yancheng
- China
| | - Jihong Fan
- College of Resources and Environment
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Qianqian Liang
- College of Resources and Environment
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou
- China
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20
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Akinaga H. Development of Heck Carbonylation Using Flow Reactor. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2015. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.73.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Akinaga
- Research & Development Division, Research Center, Process Chemistry Unit, Nihon Nohyaku Co. Ltd
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21
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Akinaga H, Masaoka N, Takagi K, Ryu I, Fukuyama T. Flow Carbonylation Using Near-stoichiometric Carbon Monoxide. Application to Heck Carbonylation. CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.140415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Akinaga
- Process Chemistry Unit, Research & Development Division, Nihon Nohyaku Co., Ltd
| | - Naoki Masaoka
- Process Chemistry Unit, Research & Development Division, Nihon Nohyaku Co., Ltd
| | - Kazuhiro Takagi
- Process Chemistry Unit, Research & Development Division, Nihon Nohyaku Co., Ltd
| | - Ilhyong Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Takahide Fukuyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University
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22
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Kapoor S, Dhama K. Prevention and Control of Influenza Viruses. INSIGHT INTO INFLUENZA VIRUSES OF ANIMALS AND HUMANS 2014. [PMCID: PMC7121144 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-05512-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The 2003–2004 outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) have proven to be disastrous to the regional poultry industry in Asia, and have raised serious worldwide public health apprehension regarding the steps that should be taken to urgently control HPAI. Control measures must be taken based on the principles of biosecurity and disease management and at the same time making public aware of the precautionary measures at the verge of outbreak. Creation of protection and surveillance zones, various vaccination strategies viz. routine, preventive, emergency, mass and targeted vaccination programmes using live, inactivated and recombinant vaccines are the common strategies adopted in different parts of the globe. The new generation vaccines include recombinant vaccines and recombinant fusion vaccine. The pro-poor disease control programmes, giving compensation and subsidies to the farmers along with effective and efficient Veterinary Services forms integral part of control of HPAI. Following biosecurity principles and vaccination forms integral part of control programme against swine and equine influenza as well. Use of neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors (Zanamivir and Oseltamivir) for the treatment of human influenza has been widely accepted worldwide. The threat of increasing resistance of the flu viruses to these antivirals has evoked interest in the development of novel antiviral drugs for influenza virus such as inhibitors of cellular factors and host signalling cascades, cellular miRNAs, siRNA and innate immune peptides (defensins and cathelicidins). Commercial licensed inactivated vaccines for humans against influenza A and B viruses are available consisting of three influenza viruses: influenza type A subtype H3N2, influenza type A subtype H1N1 (seasonal) virus strain and influenza type B virus strain. As per WHO, use of tetravaccine consisting of antigens of influenza virus serotypes H3N2, H1N1, B and H5 is the most promising method to control influenza pandemic. All healthy children in many countries are required to be vaccinated between 6 and 59 months of age. The seasonal vaccines currently used in humans induce strain-specific humoral immunity as the antibodies. Universal influenza virus vaccines containing the relatively conserved ectodomain of M2 (M2e), M1, HA fusion peptide and stalk domains, NA, NP alone or in combination have been developed which have been shown to induce cross-protection. The T cell-based vaccines are another recent experimental approach that has been shown to elicit broad-spectrum heterosubtypic immunity in the host. As far as HPAI is concerned, various pandemic preparedness strategies have been documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kapoor
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, LLR University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, 125004 Haryana India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122 Uttar Pradesh India
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23
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Theoretical studies of the interaction between influenza virus hemagglutinin and its small molecule ligands. J Mol Model 2013; 19:5561-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-013-2036-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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24
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Yang Z, Yang Y, Wu F, Feng X. Computational investigation of interaction mechanisms between juglone and influenza virus surface glycoproteins. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2013.769683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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25
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Shen X, Zhang X, Liu S. Novel hemagglutinin-based influenza virus inhibitors. J Thorac Dis 2013; 5 Suppl 2:S149-59. [PMID: 23977436 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.06.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Influenza virus has caused seasonal epidemics and worldwide pandemics, which caused tremendous loss of human lives and socioeconomics. Nowadays, only two classes of anti-influenza drugs, M2 ion channel inhibitors and neuraminidase inhibitors respectively, are used for prophylaxis and treatment of influenza virus infection. Unfortunately, influenza virus strains resistant to one or all of those drugs emerge frequently. Hemagglutinin (HA), the glycoprotein in influenza virus envelope, plays a critical role in viral binding, fusion and entry processes. Therefore, HA is a promising target for developing anti-influenza drugs, which block the initial entry step of viral life cycle. Here we reviewed recent understanding of conformational changes of HA in protein folding and fusion processes, and the discovery of HA-based influenza entry inhibitors, which may provide more choices for preventing and controlling potential pandemics caused by multi-resistant influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintian Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; ; Department of Physiology, Huaihua Medical College, Huaihua 418000, China
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26
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Influenza A virus entry inhibitors targeting the hemagglutinin. Viruses 2013; 5:352-73. [PMID: 23340380 PMCID: PMC3564125 DOI: 10.3390/v5010352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) has caused seasonal influenza epidemics and influenza pandemics, which resulted in serious threat to public health and socioeconomic impacts. Until now, only 5 drugs belong to two categories are used for prophylaxis and treatment of IAV infection. Hemagglutinin (HA), the envelope glycoprotein of IAV, plays a critical role in viral binding, fusion and entry. Therefore, HA is an attractive target for developing anti‑IAV drugs to block the entry step of IAV infection. Here we reviewed the recent progress in the study of conformational changes of HA during viral fusion process and the development of HA-based IAV entry inhibitors, which may provide a new choice for controlling future influenza pandemics.
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