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Chitsamankhun C, Siritongtaworn N, Fournier BPJ, Sriwattanapong K, Theerapanon T, Samaranayake L, Porntaveetus T. Cathepsin C in health and disease: from structural insights to therapeutic prospects. J Transl Med 2024; 22:777. [PMID: 39164687 PMCID: PMC11337848 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin C (CTSC) is a lysosomal cysteine protease constitutively expressed at high levels in the lung, kidney, liver, and spleen. It plays a key role in the activation of serine proteases in cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells (granzymes A and B), mast cells (chymase and tryptase) and neutrophils (cathepsin G, neutrophil elastase, proteinase 3) underscoring its pivotal significance in immune and inflammatory defenses. Here, we comprehensively review the structural attributes, synthesis, and function of CTSC, with a focus on its variants implicated in the etiopathology of several syndromes associated with neutrophil serine proteases, including Papillon-Lefevre syndrome (PLS), Haim-Munk Syndrome (HMS), and aggressive periodontitis (AP). These syndromes are characterized by palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, and early-onset periodontitis (severe gum disease) resulting in premature tooth loss. Due to the critical role played by CTSC in these and several other conditions it is being explored as a potential therapeutic target for autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. The review also discusses in depth the gene variants of CTSC, and in particular their postulated association with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), COVID-19, various cancers, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis, sudden cardiac death (SCD), atherosclerotic vascular disease, and neuroinflammatory disease. Finally, the therapeutic potential of CTSC across a range of human diseases is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chakriya Chitsamankhun
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nutwara Siritongtaworn
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - B P J Fournier
- Dental Faculty, Oral Biology Department, Reference Center of Oral and Dental Rare Diseases, Rothschild Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Kanokwan Sriwattanapong
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanakorn Theerapanon
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Lakshman Samaranayake
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hospital Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Office of Research Affairs, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thantrira Porntaveetus
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Graduate Program in Geriatric and Special Patients Care, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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"Oral Manifestations of Patients with Inherited Defect in Phagocyte Number or Function" a systematic review. Clin Immunol 2021; 229:108796. [PMID: 34271191 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inherited phagocyte defects are one of the subgroups of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) with various clinical manifestations. As oral manifestations are common at the early ages, oral practitioners can have a special role in the early diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted in this systematic review study and data of included studies were categorized into four subgroups of phagocyte defects, including congenital neutropenia, defects of motility, defects of respiratory burst, and other non-lymphoid defects. RESULTS Among all phagocyte defects, 12 disorders had reported data for oral manifestations in published articles. A total of 987 cases were included in this study. Periodontitis is one of the most common oral manifestations. CONCLUSION There is a need to organize better collaboration between medical doctors and dentists to diagnose and treat patients with phagocyte defects. Regular dental visits and professional oral health care are recommended from the time of the first primary teeth eruption in newborns.
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Yu H, He X, Liu X, Zhang H, Shen Z, Shi Y, Liu X. A novel missense variant in cathepsin C gene leads to PLS in a Chinese patient: A case report and literature review. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1686. [PMID: 33949806 PMCID: PMC8372118 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papilon-Lefevre syndrome (PLS; OMIM 245000) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by aggressive periodontitis and palmoplantar keratoderma. The prevalence of PLS in the general population is one to four cases per million. Although the etiology and pathogenic mechanisms underlying PLS remain largely unclear, existing evidence shows loss-of-function mutations of the cathepsin C gene (CTSC; OMIM 602365) could cause PLS. Here we found a novel variant of the CTSC gene in a Chinese PLS family and predicted the effect of the variant on the physic-chemical characters and tertiary structure of the protein. METHODS The 1-7 coding exons and exon-intron boundaries of CTSC gene of the proband and her family were amplified and sequenced directly, and Chromas was used to read sequencing files. Furthermore, the PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN, and Mutation Taster were utilized to predict the pathogenicity of the variant. Besides, the physic-chemical and structural characters of the protein were analyzed by ProtParam, ProtScale, and SWISS-MODEL. RESULTS Our study identified a novel homozygous variant c.763T>C (p.Cys255Arg) in exon 6 of the CTSC gene, and it was a likely pathogenic variant as predicted by PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN, and Mutation Taster. Moreover, ProtParam and Protscale revealed the variant increased the isoelectric point and hydrophilicity of the protein, and the SWISS-MODEL analysis suggested the variant was located in a critical domain for protein activity. CONCLUSION Our study analyzed a Chinese family with PLS and identified a novel missense variant in the CTSC gene. Besides, this study retrospectively summarized 113 variants of CTSC in the world and highlighted the features of 27 CTSC variants in Chinese PLS patients. In addition, this study paid much particular attention to the relationship between CTSC variants and different phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Jiangyou People's Hospital, Jiangyou, China
| | - Xun He
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Chengdu, China.,Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangqin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Houbin Zhang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhu Shen
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Chengdu, China.,Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Shi
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Hu TT, Zou XY, Ye F. [Gene mutational analyses of cathepsin C gene in a family with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2019; 37:31-36. [PMID: 30854815 PMCID: PMC7030725 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the gene mutational characteristics of cathepsin C (CTSC) gene in a Chinese patient with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) and further confirm the genetic basis for the phenotype of PLS. METHODS Peripheral blood samples were obtained from the PLS proband and his family members (his parents and younger brother) for genomic DNA extraction. The coding region and exon boundaries of the CTSC gene were amplified and sequenced by polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing of DNA. RESULTS Compound heterozygous mutations of CTSC gene were identified in the patient. A heterozygous missense mutation occurred in the 800th base of exon 6, and the base T in the base pair was replaced by C (c.800T>C). The encoded amino acid leucine changed to proline (p. L267P). A heterozygous missense mutation occurred in the 1015th base of exon 7, and base C in the base pair was replaced by T (c.1015C>T). The encoded amino acid arginine changed to cysteine (p.R339C). Among the mutations, c.800T>C originated from the mother, c.1015C>T was identified from the father. No mutations were detected in the younger brother. CONCLUSIONS Mutations of CTSC gene are responsible for the phenotype of PLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Hu
- Dept. of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006
| | - Xiao-Yan Zou
- Dept. of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006
| | - Fang Ye
- Dept. of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006
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Yuanjiao C, Chen-Jun L. [Gene mutational analyses of the cathepsin C gene in families with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2017; 34:346-349. [PMID: 28317349 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the gene mutational characteristics of cathepsin C (CTSC) gene in a Chinese patient with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS), then further confirm the genetic basis for the phenotype of PLS, and obtain genetic information that can be used as guide in the diagnosis and treatment of PLS. METHODS With their consent, peripheral blood samples were obtained from the proband and his family members (his parents and older sister) for genomic DNA extraction. The coding region and exon/intron boundaries of the CTSC gene were amplified and sequenced using poly-merase chain reaction and direct sequencing of DNA. RESULTS Compound heterozygous mutations of CTSC gene were iden-tified in the patient. The proband carries one heterozygous nonsense mutation c.754C>T in exon 5 and one heterozygous missense mutation c.1040A>G in exon 7. Both parents were heterozygous carriers without the clinical symptoms of PLS. None of the mutations were detected in the proband's sister. CONCLUSIONS The study proves that mutations of CTSC gene are responsible for the phenotype of Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yuanjiao
- Dept. of Stomatology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610017, China
| | - Li Chen-Jun
- Dept. of Stomatology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610017, China
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6
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[Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome: A new case]. Arch Pediatr 2017; 24:360-362. [PMID: 28242153 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) is a rare primary immunodeficiency, which combines severe periodontal disease with edentulism and palmoplantar keratosis (PPK). PLS is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait and is due to mutations in the cathepsin C gene. The biological properties of the neutrophils (PN) are altered, leading to a gingival dysbiosis and bacterial overgrowth, with intense inflammation of the periodontium. We report the observation of a 4-year-old girl who presented to the clinic with gingivitis, partial edentulism, and PPK, whose diagnosis, raised after a long delay, was suggested by null cathepsin C activity and confirmed by the presence of heterozygous mutations in exon 4: c.628C>T, pArg210* and in exon 7: c.1286G>A, p.Trp429*. A multidisciplinary approach transformed the functional and esthetic prognosis and psychological behavior of this child. This classical observation describes this poorly known phenotype.
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7
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Tekin B, Yucelten D, Beleggia F, Sarig O, Sprecher E. Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome: report of six patients and identification of a novel mutation. Int J Dermatol 2016; 55:898-902. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Burak Tekin
- Department of Dermatology; Marmara University School of Medicine; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Deniz Yucelten
- Department of Dermatology; Marmara University School of Medicine; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Filippo Beleggia
- Institute of Human Genetics; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - Ofer Sarig
- Department of Dermatology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Department of Dermatology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry; Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
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Hamon Y, Legowska M, Fergelot P, Dallet-Choisy S, Newell L, Vanderlynden L, Kord Valeshabad A, Acrich K, Kord H, Charalampos T, Morice-Picard F, Surplice I, Zoidakis J, David K, Vlahou A, Ragunatha S, Nagy N, Farkas K, Széll M, Goizet C, Schacher B, Battino M, Al Farraj Aldosari A, Wang X, Liu Y, Marchand-Adam S, Lesner A, Kara E, Korkmaz-Icöz S, Moss C, Eickholz P, Taieb A, Kavukcu S, Jenne DE, Gauthier F, Korkmaz B. Analysis of urinary cathepsin C for diagnosing Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome. FEBS J 2016; 283:498-509. [PMID: 26607765 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) (OMIM: 245000) is a rare disease characterized by severe periodontitis and palmoplantar keratoderma. It is caused by mutations in both alleles of the cathepsin C (CatC) gene CTSC that completely abrogate the proteolytic activity of this cysteine proteinase. Most often, a genetic analysis to enable early and rapid diagnosis of PLS is unaffordable or unavailable. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that active CatC is constitutively excreted and can be easily traced in the urine of normal subjects. If this is true, determining its absence in the urine of patients would be an early, simple, reliable, low-cost and easy diagnostic technique. All 75 urine samples from healthy control subjects (aged 3 months to 80 years) contained proteolytically active CatC and its proform, as revealed by kinetic analysis and immunochemical detection. Of the urine samples of 31 patients with a PLS phenotype, 29 contained neither proteolytically active CatC nor the CatC antigen, so that the PLS diagnosis was confirmed. CatC was detected in the urine of the other two patients, and genetic analysis revealed no loss-of-function mutation in CTSC, indicating that they suffer from a PLS-like condition but not from PLS. Screening for the absence of urinary CatC activity soon after birth and early treatment before the onset of PLS manifestations will help to prevent aggressive periodontitis and loss of many teeth, and should considerably improve the quality of life of PLS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yveline Hamon
- INSERM U-1100 "Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires", Tours, France
- Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (iLBD), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Patricia Fergelot
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U-1211, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandrine Dallet-Choisy
- INSERM U-1100 "Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires", Tours, France
- Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | | | - Lise Vanderlynden
- INSERM U-1100 "Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires", Tours, France
- Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | | | - Karina Acrich
- Metropolitan Hospital Center, Medical Genetics Clinic, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hadi Kord
- Bone Joint and Connective Tissue Disease Research Center (BJCRC), Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Fanny Morice-Picard
- Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Rares de la Peau, Service de Dermatologie Adulte et Pédiatrique, CHU de Bordeaux and INSERM U-1035, University of Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Jerome Zoidakis
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Karen David
- Metropolitan Hospital Center, Medical Genetics Clinic, New York, NY, USA
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Shivanna Ragunatha
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprosy, Sri Siddhartha Medical College, Tumkur, India
| | - Nikoletta Nagy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, Hungary
- MTA SZTE Dermatological Research Group, University of Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Farkas
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, Hungary
- MTA SZTE Dermatological Research Group, University of Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Márta Széll
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Szeged, Hungary
- MTA SZTE Dermatological Research Group, University of Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Cyril Goizet
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U-1211, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - Beate Schacher
- Department of Periodontology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Centre for Nutrition & Health, Universidad Europea del Atlantico, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Xinwen Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Periodontology, PLA 309 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sylvain Marchand-Adam
- INSERM U-1100 "Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires", Tours, France
- Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Adam Lesner
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Elodie Kara
- ReproPharm, Centre INRA-Val de Loire, Domaine de l'Orfrasière, Nouzilly, France
| | | | - Celia Moss
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, UK
- University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Peter Eickholz
- Department of Periodontology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alain Taieb
- Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Rares de la Peau, Service de Dermatologie Adulte et Pédiatrique, CHU de Bordeaux and INSERM U-1035, University of Bordeaux, France
| | - Salih Kavukcu
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Dieter E Jenne
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease (iLBD), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Francis Gauthier
- INSERM U-1100 "Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires", Tours, France
- Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Brice Korkmaz
- INSERM U-1100 "Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires", Tours, France
- Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
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Wu W, Chen B, Chen X, Chen L, Yi L, Wang Y, Yan F, Sun W. A novel large deletion combined with a nonsense mutation in a Chinese child with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome. J Periodontal Res 2015; 51:376-80. [PMID: 26385525 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome (PLS) is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary disease (MIM245000). The syndrome is characterized by palmoplantar keratoderma and early onset periodontitis, caused by CTSC gene mutation. The mutation in CTSC previously reported is mainly point mutations. Large deletion in the CTSC gene has not yet been reported. MATERIAL AND METHODS We collected 5 mL peripheral blood from a patient with PLS and her family members and used the direct sequencing method to perform CTSC bidirectional sequencing. We also used FISH to analyze the approximate locations of the ends of the missing fragment and then determined the fragment sequence through direct sequencing. RESULTS The result demonstrated that the patient have a 110 kb deletion (Chr11: 88032292: 88142997(NC_000011)) combined with a nonsense mutation (Gln182Ter) in this gene. CONCLUSION Our study reveals a compound mutation consisting of a large deletion and a nonsense mutation, which provides a new insight in the mutation type of CTSC gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wu
- Department of Periodontology, Institute and Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - B Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Institute and Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Institute and Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - L Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Institute and Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - L Yi
- Translational Medicine Center, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Wang
- Medical Genetics Center, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - F Yan
- Department of Periodontology, Institute and Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - W Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Institute and Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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