1
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Ihme H, Courtet P, Risch N, Dubois J, Belzeaux R, Olié E. Mediation effect of anxious attachment on relationship between childhood trauma and suicidal ideation sensitive to psychological pain levels. Eur Psychiatry 2023; 66:e79. [PMID: 37737057 PMCID: PMC10594339 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood trauma (CT), depression, and psychological pain are known predictors of suicidal ideation. Recent literature additionally highlights the importance of the attachment system. METHODS We aimed to predict suicidal ideation through CT, attachment, and psychological and social pain by using mediation models aiming to predict suicidal ideation through CT (predictor) and attachment (mediator). In the same models, we introduced psychological or social pain as a moderator of the relationship between attachment, CT, and suicidal ideation. We included 161 depressed patients and assessed depression, attachment, CT, suicidal ideation, psychological pain, and social pain. RESULTS We found (1) a complete mediating effect of anxious attachment (a2b2 = 0.0035, CI95% = [0.0010; 0.0069]) on the relationship between CT on suicidal ideation, and (2) a significant complete conditional mediating effect of anxious attachment and psychological pain (index of moderated mediation VAS: 0.0014; CI95% = [0.0002; 0.0032]) but not social pain on the relationship between CT and suicidal ideation. Both models were controlled for history of suicidal attempt, depression severity, and sex. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a developmental profile of suicidal ideation in mood disorder that is characterized by the presence of CT and insecure attachment, especially anxious attachment, that is sensitive to experiences of psychological pain. Nevertheless, we cannot conclude that avoidantly attached individuals do not present the same mechanism, as they may not disclose those ideas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Ihme
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- IGF,Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nathan Risch
- IGF,Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jonathan Dubois
- IGF,Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Raoul Belzeaux
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Marseille, France
- Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Emilie Olié
- IGF,Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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2
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Rim M, Ahmed M, Amjed Ben H, Wael M, Jawaher M, Badii A, Lotfi G. Internet Addiction and its Relationship with Attachment Styles Among Tunisian Medical Students. JOURNAL OF ADDICTION THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2023; 7:012-018. [DOI: 10.29328/journal.jatr.1001027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Internet addiction is a growing addictive behavior and a major public health problem worldwide. Several psychological factors can contribute to the problematic use of the Internet. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Internet Addiction (IA) in a sample of university students and to examine the relationship between IA, self-esteem, and attachment styles. The present study was a cross-sectional study, involving 135 students from the Faculty of Medicine of Monastir. The participants completed a questionnaire, which contained the socio-demographic data, the reasons for Internet use, the Young Cyberaddiction scale to seek IA, the Relationships-style-questionnaire-RSQ to assess attachment style, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). The mean age of the students was 21.5 ± 1.9 years old. They were 112 (83%) females. The prevalence of Internet addiction was 23.7%. The average connection time was 3.5 ± 1.8 hours/day. The most frequent online activities were chat (online discussion, forums ...) in 94.8% of cases followed by download activities (78.5%), scientific research (75.6%), online games (23.7%), and online shopping (13.3%). IA was associated with school failure, alcohol use, online gaming, and low self-esteem. The majority of the participants (84.4%) in this study reported an insecure attachment style. Logistic regression analysis showed a strong association between IA and fearful attachment style. IA was frequent among students. Fearful attachment style was found to be a risk factor for IA. This study highlights the impact of relationships between child and their caregivers on the development of addiction.
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3
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Puhlmann LM, Derome M, Morosan L, Kilicel D, Vrtička P, Debbané M. Longitudinal associations between self-reported attachment dimensions and neurostructural development from adolescence to early adulthood. Attach Hum Dev 2023; 25:162-180. [PMID: 34730475 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2021.1993628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The existing literature suggests that individual differences in attachment may be associated with differential trajectories of structural brain development. In addition to maturation during infancy and childhood, developmental trajectories are characteristic of adolescence, a period marked by increasingly complex interpersonal relationships and significant neurostructural and functional plasticity. It remains to be examined whether attachment prospectively relates to neurostructural developmental trajectories during adolescence. In this longitudinal study, we investigated whether self-reported attachment dimensions of anxiety (AX) and avoidance (AV) could predict elements of cortical thickness (CT) and subcortical volume (SV) trajectories in 95 typically developing adolescents (12-19 years old at study baseline). Self-reported scores of AX and AV were obtained at study baseline, and neurostructural development was assessed at baseline and three timepoints over the four following years. Self-reported AX and AV were associated with steeper CT decreases in prefrontal cortical and cortical midline structures as well as anterior temporal cortex, particularly in participants younger at study baseline. Regarding SV, preliminary differential associations were observed between developmental trajectories and attachment dimensions. Our study suggests that interindividual differences in attachment contribute to shaping neurodevelopmental trajectories for several cortical and subcortical structures during adolescence and young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Mc Puhlmann
- Research Group "Social Stress and Family Health", Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mélodie Derome
- Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Developmental Neuroimaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Larisa Morosan
- Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Developmental Neuroimaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Deniz Kilicel
- Developmental Neuroimaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Vrtička
- Research Group "Social Stress and Family Health", Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Centre for Brain Science, Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Martin Debbané
- Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Developmental Neuroimaging and Psychopathology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Research Department of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
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4
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Burra N, Vrtička P. Association between attachment anxiety and the gaze direction-related N170. Attach Hum Dev 2023; 25:181-198. [PMID: 35924946 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2022.2091337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Attachment theory suggests that interindividual differences in attachment security versus insecurity (anxiety and avoidance) contribute to the ways in which people perceive social emotional signals, particularly from the human face. Among different facial features, eye gaze conveys crucial information for social interaction, with a straight gaze triggering different cognitive and emotional processes as compared to an averted gaze. It remains unknown, however, how interindividual differences in attachment associate with early face encoding in the context of a straight versus averted gaze. Using electroencephalography (EEG) and recording event-related potentials (ERPs), specifically the N170 component, the present study (N = 50 healthy adults) measured how the characteristics of attachment anxiety and avoidance relate to the encoding of faces with respect to gaze direction and head orientation. Our findings reveal a significant relationship between gaze direction (irrespective of head orientation) and attachment anxiety on the interhemispheric (i.e. right) asymmetry of the N170 and thus provide evidence for an association between attachment anxiety and eye gaze processing during early visual face encoding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Burra
- Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Vrtička
- Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
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5
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Fasse L, Roche N, Flahault C, Garrouste-Orgeas M, Ximenes M, Pages A, Evin A, Dauchy S, Scotte F, Le Provost JB, Blot F, Mateus C. The APSY-SED study: protocol of an observational, longitudinal, mixed methods and multicenter study exploring the psychological adjustment of relatives and healthcare providers of patients with cancer with continuous deep sedation until death. Palliat Care 2022; 21:217. [PMID: 36464684 PMCID: PMC9720978 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-022-01106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since 2016, France is the only country in the World where continuous deep sedation until death (CDSUD) is regulated by law. CDSUD serves as a response to refractory suffering in palliative situations where the patients' death is expected to occur in the following hours or days. Little is known on the psychological adjustment surrounding a CDSUD procedure for healthcare providers (HCPs) and relatives. Our study aims to gather qualitative and quantitative data on the specific processes behind the psychological adjustment of both relatives and HCPs, after the administration of CDSUD for patients with cancer. METHODS The APSY-SED study is a prospective, longitudinal, mixed-methods and multicenter study. Recruitment will involve any French-speaking adult cancer patient for who a CDSUD is discussed, their relatives and HCPs. We plan to include 150 patients, 150 relatives, and 50 HCPs. The evaluation criteria of this research are: 1/ Primary criterion: Psychological adjustment of relatives and HCPs 6 and 13 months after the death of the patient with cancer (psychological adjustment = intensity of anxiety, depression and grief reactions, CDSUD-related distress, job satisfaction, Professional Stress and Professional experience). Secondary criteria: a)occurrence of wish for a CDSUD in patients in palliative phase; b)occurrence of wish for hastened death in patients in palliative phase; c)potential predictors of adjustment assessed after the discussion concerning CDSUD as an option and before the setting of the CDSUD; d) Thematic analysis and narrative account of meaning-making process concerning the grief experience. DISCUSSION The APSY-SED study will be the first to investigate the psychological adjustment of HCPs and relatives in the context of a CDSUD procedure implemented according to French law. Gathering data on the grief process for relatives can help understand bereavement after CDSUD, and participate in the elaboration of specific tailored interventions to support HCPs and relatives. Empirical findings on CDSUD among patients with cancer in France could be compared with existing data in other countries and with results related to other medical fields where CDSUD is also conducted. TRIAL REGISTRATION This protocol received the National Registration Number: ID-RCB2021-A03042-39 on 14/12/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Fasse
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388DIOPP, Gustave Roussy Hospital, Villejuif, France ,grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Institut de Psychologie Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université Paris Cité, 71 avenue E. Vaillant, F-92100 Boulogne- Billancourt, France
| | - N. Roche
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388DIOPP, Gustave Roussy Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - C. Flahault
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388DIOPP, Gustave Roussy Hospital, Villejuif, France ,grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Institut de Psychologie Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université Paris Cité, 71 avenue E. Vaillant, F-92100 Boulogne- Billancourt, France
| | - M. Garrouste-Orgeas
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602IAME, INSERM, Université de Paris, F-75018 Paris, France ,Palliative Care unit, Reuilly Diaconesses Fondation, Rueil Malmaison, France ,Medical unit, French British Hospital, Levallois-Perret, France
| | - M. Ximenes
- Maison Médicale Marie Galène, Bordeaux, France
| | - A. Pages
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388Biostatistical Unit, Gustave Roussy Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - A. Evin
- grid.277151.70000 0004 0472 0371Palliative Care unit, CHU, Nantes, France
| | - S. Dauchy
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602DMU Psychiatry and Addictology, AP-HP.Centre, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - F. Scotte
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388DIOPP, Gustave Roussy Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - JB. Le Provost
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388DIOPP, Gustave Roussy Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - F. Blot
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388DIOPP, Gustave Roussy Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - C. Mateus
- grid.14925.3b0000 0001 2284 9388DIOPP, Gustave Roussy Hospital, Villejuif, France
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6
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Hervé MJ, Maurice V, Gamon L, Rusconi Serpa S, Trojan D, Guedeney N, Tereno S, Guedeney A, Myquel M, Fernandez A, Raynaud JP, Poinso F, Maury M, Purper-Ouakil D, Picot MC. Predictive factors for the outcome of emotional and/or behavioural disorders in 18- to 48-month-old children after parent-child psychotherapy: Protocol of a European prospective cohort study. Encephale 2022; 49:254-260. [DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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Edjolo A, Dorey JM, Herrmann M, Perrot C, Lebrun-Givois C, Buisson A, El Haouari H, Laurent B, Pongan E, Rouch I. Stress, Personality, Attachment, and Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The STERACOVID Prospective Cohort Study Protocol. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:918428. [PMID: 35832598 PMCID: PMC9271617 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.918428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the lockdown linked to the COVID-19 pandemic, the French National Authority for Health has recommended reinforced follow-up of psychiatric patients, with particular attention to people over 65 years. Cross-sectional studies reported an increased risk of anxiety, depression, and suicide during this period. Older people with psychiatric disorders are at higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 and worsening their psychiatric symptoms. OBJECTIVE The main objective is to evaluate the link between coping strategies and the onset of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after lockdown. The secondary objective is to assess the psychological factors influencing lockdown experiences such as personality, attachment type, or coping strategies. METHOD/DESIGN this is a multicenter cohort study including 117 patients followed up by phone in two French geriatric psychiatry units. Sociodemographic variables, psychiatric diagnoses, lockdown conditions, coping strategies, anxiety, and depressive symptoms reported during the first lockdown will be collected retrospectively from the medical file. A first prospective assessment including personality traits, attachment type, and traumatic life events will be conducted at 12 months (T1). Follow-up visits assessing anxious-depressive symptoms and PTSD will be made 18 (T2) and 24 months (T3) after the first lockdown. The primary outcome measure is PTSD symptoms. Secondary outcomes measures are coping strategies, generalized anxiety, anxiety about the COVID-19 pandemic, and quality of life. DISCUSSION This study aims to determine if the type of coping strategies usually employed have an impact on the onset of PTSD after a lockdown period. It will also determine if these coping strategies are influenced by other factors such as sociodemographic variables, lockdown conditions, particular personality traits, attachment type, and traumatic life events. This study could help identify factors associated with a poorer experience of lockdowns and pandemic crisis in elderly patients followed in a psychiatric center, and guide support in future similar situations. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT04760795, Registered 18 February 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlette Edjolo
- CROMA, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,INSERM, U1219, Bordeaux Population Health Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Mathieu Herrmann
- Department of Aging Psychiatry, Hospital Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Catherine Perrot
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Geriatric Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Cécile Lebrun-Givois
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Geriatric Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Aurélie Buisson
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Geriatric Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Hanane El Haouari
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Geriatric Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Bernard Laurent
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Geriatric Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,INSERM, U1028, Neuropain Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France
| | - Elodie Pongan
- Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Geriatric Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Isabelle Rouch
- CROMA, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.,INSERM, U1219, Bordeaux Population Health Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Memory Clinical and Research Center of Saint Etienne (CMRR), Geriatric Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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8
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Bourvis N, Aouidad A, Spodenkiewicz M, Palestra G, Aigrain J, Baptista A, Benoliel JJ, Chetouani M, Cohen D. Adolescents with borderline personality disorder show a higher response to stress but a lack of self-perception: Evidence through affective computing. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 111:110095. [PMID: 32896602 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Stress reactivity is a complex phenomenon associated with multiple and multimodal expressions and functions. Herein, we hypothesized that compared with healthy controls (HCs), adolescents with borderline personality disorder (BPD) would exhibit a stronger response to stressors and a deficit in self-perception of stress due to their lack of insight. Twenty adolescents with BPD and 20 matched HCs performed a socially evaluated mental arithmetic test to induce stress. We assessed self- and heteroperception using both human ratings and affective computing-based methods for the automatic extraction of 39 behavioral features (2D + 3D video recording) and 62 physiological features (Nexus-10 recording). Predictions were made using machine learning. In addition, salivary cortisol was measured. Human ratings showed that adolescents with BPD experienced more stress than HCs. Human ratings and automated machine learning indicated opposite results regarding self- and heteroperceived stress in adolescents with BPD compared to HCs. Adolescents with BPD had higher levels of heteroperceived stress than self-perceived stress. Similarly, affective computing achieved better classification for heteroperceived stress. HCs had an opposite profile; they had higher levels of self-perceived stress, and affective computing reached a better classification for self-perceived stress. We conclude that adolescents with BPD are more sensitive to stress and show a lack of self-perception (or insight). In terms of clinical implications, our affective computing measures may help distinguish hetero- vs. self-perceptions of stress in natural settings and may offer external feedback during therapeutic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Bourvis
- Pôle de Psychiatrie Infanto-Juvénile, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Toulon - La Seyne-sur-Mer, France; Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR, Paris 7222, France
| | - Aveline Aouidad
- Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR, Paris 7222, France; Département de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, AP-HP. Sorbonne Université, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Inserm-CEA U1000, Imagerie en psychiatrie, Orsay, France
| | - Michel Spodenkiewicz
- Unité de Pédopsychiatrie de Liaison, Pôle de Santé Mentale, CHU Sud Réunion, Université de la Réunion, CEPOI EA 7388, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Giuseppe Palestra
- Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR, Paris 7222, France
| | - Jonathan Aigrain
- Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR, Paris 7222, France
| | - Axel Baptista
- Pôle de Psychiatrie Infanto-Juvénile, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Toulon - La Seyne-sur-Mer, France; Institut Jean Nicot, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Benoliel
- Service de Biochimie Endocrinienne et Oncologique, AP-HP. Sorbonne Université, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, et INSERM UMR_S1130 CNRS UMR8246, Pathophysiology of Psychiatric Disorders, Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Chetouani
- Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR, Paris 7222, France
| | - David Cohen
- Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR, Paris 7222, France; Inserm-CEA U1000, Imagerie en psychiatrie, Orsay, France.
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9
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Mirkovic B, Delvenne V, Robin M, Pham-Scottez A, Corcos M, Speranza M. Borderline personality disorder and adolescent suicide attempt: the mediating role of emotional dysregulation. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:393. [PMID: 34372810 PMCID: PMC8351432 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03377-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional dysregulation seems to be a core feature of Borderline Personality Disorders (BPD). In addition, recent research in the adolescent population has shown that suicidal behaviours have been associated with maladaptive strategies of emotion regulation. METHODS This study examined the relative contributions of emotional dysregulation to suicide attempt history in a clinical sample of borderline adolescents. Data were analyzed from 85 participants of the Collaborative European Research Network on Borderline Personality Disorder. Participants completed measures of BPD traits and symptoms, suicide behaviours, emotional dysregulation, attachment styles and lifetime depressive disorders. RESULTS In an SEM model, lifetime depressive disorders and insecure attachment styles have a significant direct effect on lifetime suicide attempt, but only lifetime depressive disorders have an indirect effect through emotion dysregulation. The results suggest that emotional dysregulation has a mediating role in suicide attempts among BPD adolescents. CONCLUSIONS These findings call for the development of interventions targeting the role of emotion dysregulation in effectively predicting and preventing suicidality in borderline adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojan Mirkovic
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1018, CESP, "DevPsy", 94807, Villejuif, France. .,Pôle de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Nouvel Hôpital de Navarre, Université de Normandie, Nouvel Hôpital de Navarre, route de Conches, 27000, Évreux, France.
| | - Véronique Delvenne
- grid.412209.c0000 0004 0578 1002Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marion Robin
- grid.418120.e0000 0001 0626 5681Département de Psychiatrie de l’Adolescent et du Jeune Adulte, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Pham-Scottez
- grid.414435.30000 0001 2200 9055GHT Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne, Paris, France
| | - Maurice Corcos
- grid.418120.e0000 0001 0626 5681Département de Psychiatrie de l’Adolescent et du Jeune Adulte, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Mario Speranza
- grid.463845.80000 0004 0638 6872Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1018, CESP, “DevPsy”, 94807 Villejuif, France ,grid.418080.50000 0001 2177 7052Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Versailles, France
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10
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Belot RA, Bouteloup M, Bonnet M, Parmentier AL, Magnin E, Mauny F, Vuillier F. Evaluation of Attachment Style and Social Support in Patients With Severe Migraine. Applications in Doctor-Patient Relationships and Treatment Adherence. Front Neurol 2021; 12:706639. [PMID: 34322089 PMCID: PMC8313122 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.706639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this observational study was to describe social support and patterns of attachment among patients with migraine. We hypothesized that in comparison to the general population, insecure attachment is overrepresented in migraine patients, and that these patients have less social support. We also aimed to study the specific relationship between attachment and social support. We hypothesized that patients with an insecure attachment style have less social support than patients with a secure attachment style. Methods: A total of 101 consecutive patients (88.1% women) aged between 25 and 60 (average age = 41.4) were recruited at the Specialized Center for the Consultation of Primary Headaches at the Regional University Hospital Center of Besançon (France). Migraine impact and disability were evaluated using the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) questionnaire and Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire. Patients also completed several self-administered psychological questionnaires in their validated French versions: the Medical Outcome Survey 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, the Cungi Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Relationship Scales Questionnaire and the Sarason's Social Support Questionnaire. Results: The distribution of attachment profiles was different from that of the general population, with an overrepresentation of insecure attachment styles (p = 0.018). Our study showed that migraine patients had less social support than the general population, both in terms of the number of people providing support (p = 0.002) and the level of satisfaction concerning this social support (p = 0.000). We also found that neither the number of available persons score nor the satisfaction score were statistically different between the four attachment categories (p = 0.49). Patient's attachment style and social support influence the patient-doctor relationship, the therapeutic alliance and health behaviors such as treatment adherence. Conclusions: Based on the data we obtained, we developed applications in patient care for people with particular attachment styles and low social support. A treatment plan adapted to the patient's attachment profile should be created to develop “precision medicine” using a personalized approach to the doctor-patient relationship. We would also recommend encouraging patients to participate in support groups, in order to strengthen their attachment systems and gain social support. Clinical Trial Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03577548, identifier NCT03577548.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose-Angélique Belot
- Laboratoire de Psychologie, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Margaux Bouteloup
- Laboratoire de Psychologie, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Magalie Bonnet
- Laboratoire de Psychologie, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | | | - Eloi Magnin
- Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Frédéric Mauny
- INSERM CIC1431 Centre d'Investigation Clinique Besançon, Besancon, France.,UMR6249 Chrono Environnement, Besancon, France
| | - Fabrice Vuillier
- Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France.,Laboratoire d'Anatomie, Université de Franche-Comté, Besancon, France
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Chabbert M, Rozenberg P, Wendland J. Predictors of Negative Childbirth Experiences Among French Women. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2021; 50:450-463. [PMID: 33676911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the prevalence of negative childbirth experiences and to identify potential predictors, including demographic, prenatal, obstetric, and psychological factors, of these experiences among French women. DESIGN Descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study. SETTING A maternity ward in a hospital located near Paris, France. PARTICIPANTS A total of 256 women between the ages of 18 and 46 years were recruited while hospitalized in the maternity ward 1 to 6 days after childbirth. METHODS Participants completed a personal information form and five self-report scales: the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Relationship Scales Questionnaire, and the Questionnaire Assessing the Childbirth Experience. We performed linear regression analyses and used scores on the Questionnaire Assessing the Childbirth Experience as the dependent variable. We considered prenatal, psychological, and obstetric factors as independent variables and adjusted results for covariates. RESULTS The prevalence of a negative childbirth experience was 23.3% among our participants. We identified primiparity, high anxiety trait scores, and an anxious attachment style as the prenatal variables that contributed significantly to negative perceptions of childbirth based on the first step of the regression analysis (R2 = .18; p < .001). We evaluated objective birth-related variables during the second step and found that mode of birth and use of epidural analgesia were significative predictors of the negative childbirth experience (R2 = 0.36; p < .001). The last set of variables included subjective birth-related factors, such as absence of the partner during birth and low perceived sense of control; these variables increased the explained variance from 36% to 69% (p < .001) and showed that these aspects were powerful predictors of a negative childbirth experience. CONCLUSIONS Given that some prenatal factors influence women's perceptions of their birth experiences, preventive measures can be implemented by health professionals to support women with risk factors. In the early postpartum period, health care professionals should focus on subjective variables of childbirth because they strongly predict the overall childbirth experience for women.
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Kpelly E, Schauder S, Masson J, Kokou-Kpolou CK, Moukouta C. Influence de l’attachement et des psychotraumatismes dans les addictions aux drogues. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Danet M. Usage d’Internet en fin de grossesse chez des femmes primipares : lien avec l’attachement et les troubles anxiodépressifs. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Exploring the boundaries between borderline personality disorder and suicidal behavior disorder. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 270:959-967. [PMID: 30673835 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-019-00980-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare clinical traits of suicidal vulnerability among in-patients with suicidal behavior disorder (SBD) with and without borderline personality disorder (BPD). METHOD we recruited adult patients with SBD, consecutively and voluntarily hospitalized in a specialized unit for affective disorders and suicidal behavior between July and October 2016. Ninety-two inpatients having attempted suicide within the past 2 years were divided into two subgroups according to the presence or absence of BPD. Clinical vulnerability traits for suicidal behavior were assessed. RESULTS Half of the patients with SBD also had BPD. Patients with BPD were nine times more likely to be major suicide repeaters compared to those without. They were also more likely to display clinical and psychological vulnerability traits for suicidal behavior, even after considering potential confounders. Emotional dysregulation, shame-proneness, impulsiveness, preoccupied attachment pattern, and childhood trauma were high in both groups, but significantly increased in those with (vs. without) BPD status. Psychological traits remained stable in SBD-BPD patients, regardless of the time since the last suicide attempt (i.e. SBD in recent vs. early remission). CONCLUSIONS Clinical and psychological traits associated with suicidal vulnerability are present in all SBD patients compared to non-suicidal populations, but comorbidity with BPD is associated with particularly high scores. BPD could be considered as a specifier for SBD diagnoses.
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Chopard-dit-Jean A, Bonnet M, Mariage A. Apport de l’attachement dans le travail d’élaboration de la mort d’un sujet âgé en établissement d’hébergement. Le cas de Pierre, 90 ans. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Morgiève M, Genty C, Azé J, Dubois J, Leboyer M, Vaiva G, Berrouiguet S, Courtet P. A Digital Companion, the Emma App, for Ecological Momentary Assessment and Prevention of Suicide: Quantitative Case Series Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8:e15741. [PMID: 33034567 PMCID: PMC7584985 DOI: 10.2196/15741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many suicide risk factors have been identified, but traditional clinical methods do not allow for the accurate prediction of suicide behaviors. To face this challenge, emma, an app for ecological momentary assessment (EMA), ecological momentary intervention (EMI), and prediction of suicide risk in high-risk patients, was developed. OBJECTIVE The aim of this case report study was to describe how subjects at high risk of suicide use the emma app in real-world conditions. METHODS The Ecological Mental Momentary Assessment (EMMA) study is an ongoing, longitudinal, interventional, multicenter trial in which patients at high risk for suicide are recruited to test emma, an app designed to be used as a self-help tool for suicidal crisis management. Participants undergo clinical assessment at months 0, 1, 3, and 6 after inclusion, mainly to assess and characterize the presence of mental disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Patient recruitment is still ongoing. Some data from the first 14 participants who already completed the 6-month follow-up were selected for this case report study, which evaluated the following: (1) data collected by emma (ie, responses to EMAs), (2) metadata on emma use, (3) clinical data, and (4) qualitative assessment of the participants' experiences. RESULTS EMA completion rates were extremely heterogeneous with a sharp decrease over time. The completion rates of the weekly EMAs (25%-87%) were higher than those of the daily EMAs (0%-53%). Most patients (10/14, 71%) answered the EMA questionnaires spontaneously. Similarly, the use of the Safety Plan Modules was very heterogeneous (2-75 times). Specifically, 11 patients out of 14 (79%) used the Call Module (1-29 times), which was designed by our team to help them get in touch with health care professionals and/or relatives during a crisis. The diversity of patient profiles and use of the EMA and EMI modules proposed by emma were highlighted by three case reports. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary results indicate that patients have different clinical and digital profiles and needs that require a highly scalable, interactive, and customizable app. They also suggest that it is possible and acceptable to collect longitudinal, fine-grained, contextualized data (ie, EMA) and to offer personalized intervention (ie, EMI) in real time to people at high risk of suicide. To become a complementary tool for suicide prevention, emma should be integrated into existing emergency procedures. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03410381; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03410381.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Morgiève
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, INSERM, Univ Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France.,ICM - Brain and Spine Institute, hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,GEPS - Groupement d'Étude et de Prévention du Suicide, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Genty
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, INSERM, Univ Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Azé
- LIRMM, UMR 5506, Montpellier University/CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Jonathan Dubois
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, INSERM, Univ Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Fondation Fondamental, hôpital Albert-Chenevier, Créteil, France
| | - Guillaume Vaiva
- GEPS - Groupement d'Étude et de Prévention du Suicide, Paris, France.,CHU Lille, Hôpital Fontan, Department of Psychiatry, Lille, France.,Centre National de Ressources & Résilience pour les psychotraumatismes, Lille, France.,Université de Lille, CNRS UMR-9193, SCALab - Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, Lille, France
| | - Sofian Berrouiguet
- GEPS - Groupement d'Étude et de Prévention du Suicide, Paris, France.,EA 7479 SPURBO, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France.,IMT Atlantique, Lab-STICC, Brest, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, INSERM, Univ Montpellier, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France.,Fondation Fondamental, hôpital Albert-Chenevier, Créteil, France
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Food Addiction among Female Patients Seeking Treatment for an Eating Disorder: Prevalence and Associated Factors. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061897. [PMID: 32604734 PMCID: PMC7353200 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of "food addiction" (FA) has aroused much focus because of evidence for similarities between overeating and substance use disorders (SUDs). However, few studies have explored this concept among the broad spectrum of eating disorders (ED), especially in anorexia nervosa (AN). This study aimed to assess FA prevalence in ED female patients and to determine its associated factors. We recruited a total of 195 adult women with EDs from an ED treatment center. The prevalence of FA diagnosis (Yale Food Addiction Scale) in the whole ED sample was 83.6%; AN restrictive type (AN-R), 61.5%; AN binge-eating/purging type (AN-BP), 87.9%; bulimia nervosa (BN), 97.6%; and binge-eating disorder (BED), 93.3%. The most frequently met criteria of FA were "clinically significant impairment or distress in relation to food", "craving" and "persistent desire or repeated unsuccessful attempts to cut down". An FA diagnosis was independently associated with three variables: presence of recurrent episodes of binge eating, ED severity, and lower interoceptive awareness. In showing an overlap between ED and FA, this study allows for considering EDs, and AN-R in particular, from an "addictive point of view", and thus for designing therapeutic management that draws from those proposed for addictive disorders.
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Henschel S, Nandrino JL, Pezard L, Ott L, Vulliez-Coady L, Doba K. The influence of attachment styles on autonomic correlates of perspective-taking. Biol Psychol 2020; 154:107908. [PMID: 32454080 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2020.107908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of attachment styles on physiological responses during a perspective-taking task. Sixty-eight participants were selected according to attachment styles. Physiological responses were assessed using skin conductance responses (SCRs) in the three attachment groups (secure, insecure-anxious and insecure-avoidant) during the presentation of attachment-based pictures (distress, comfort or neutral) in two different perspective-taking conditions: self perspective-taking (i.e. imagine how you would feel in the given situation) or other perspective-taking (i.e. imagine how that person could feel in this situation). In the self perspective-taking condition, insecure-anxious individuals displayed higher SCRs than secure individuals for distress pictures. In the other perspective-taking condition, insecure-anxious individuals showed higher SCRs than secure individuals for comfort pictures. The results also showed a strong negative association between self-reported perspective-taking tendencies and SCRs in secure individuals. The findings suggest that perspective-taking plays an important role in the modulation of physiological responses in reaction to attachment-related pictures, which varies according to attachment styles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Henschel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - Jean-Louis Nandrino
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000, Lille, France; Fondation Santé des Étudiants de France, Clinique Médico-psychologique, F-59653, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Laurent Pezard
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7260, LNSC, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Ott
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Lauriane Vulliez-Coady
- EA 481 Laboratoire de Neurosciences intégratives et cliniques, Université de Franche-Comté Besançon, France
| | - Karyn Doba
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab, Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000, Lille, France; Fondation Santé des Étudiants de France, Clinique Médico-psychologique, F-59653, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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19
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Emotion regulation and empathic abilities in young adults: The role of attachment styles. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.109763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Alzeer SM, Michailidou MI, Munot M, Kyranides MN. Attachment and parental relationships and the association with psychopathic traits in young adults. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Zortea TC, Gray CM, O'Connor RC. Adult attachment: Investigating the factor structure of the Relationship Scales Questionnaire. J Clin Psychol 2019; 75:2169-2187. [DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago C. Zortea
- Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Academic Centre, Gartnavel Royal HospitalUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow Scotland UK
| | - Cindy M. Gray
- Institute of Health and WellbeingUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow Scotland UK
| | - Rory C. O'Connor
- Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Academic Centre, Gartnavel Royal HospitalUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow Scotland UK
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Lafuente C, Chabrol H, Laconi S. Messages textes instantanés (MTI) : psychopathologie, styles d’attachement et traits de personnalité limite en population étudiante. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Burra N, Massait S, Vrtička P. Differential impact of trait, social, and attachment anxiety on the stare-in-the-crowd effect. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1797. [PMID: 30742015 PMCID: PMC6370884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39342-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Eye gaze conveys crucial information for social interactions, with straight versus averted gaze triggering distinct emotional and cognitive processes. The "stare-in-the-crowd" effect exemplifies such differential visual processing of gaze direction, in more recent reports also in interaction with head orientation. Besides aiming at replicating the "stare-in-the-crowd" effect by means of an eye gaze by head orientation interaction, the present study intended to for the first time testing its susceptibility to inter-individual differences in trait, social, and attachment anxiety. Our findings reveal a significant relation between the "stare-in-the-crowd" effect and social and attachment, but not trait anxiety, and therefore provide preliminary cues for personality influences on visual processing of eye gaze and head orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Burra
- Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Solene Massait
- Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Vrtička
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Research Group Social Stress and Family Health, Leipzig, Germany
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Brain activity underlying negative self- and other-perception in adolescents: The role of attachment-derived self-representations. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2018; 17:554-576. [PMID: 28168598 PMCID: PMC5403860 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-017-0497-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
One of teenagers’ key developmental tasks is to engage in new and meaningful relationships with peers and adults outside the family context. Attachment-derived expectations about the self and others in terms of internal attachment working models have the potential to shape such social reorientation processes critically and thereby influence adolescents’ social-emotional development and social integration. Because the neural underpinnings of this developmental task remain largely unknown, we sought to investigate them by functional magnetic resonance imaging. We asked n = 44 adolescents (ages 12.01–18.84 years) to evaluate positive and negative adjectives regarding either themselves or a close other during an adapted version of the well-established self-other trait-evaluation task. As measures of attachment, we obtained scores reflecting participants’ positive versus negative attachment-derived self- and other-models by means of the Relationship Questionnaire. We controlled for possible confounding factors by also obtaining scores reflecting internalizing/externalizing problems, schizotypy, and borderline symptomatology. Our results revealed that participants with a more negative attachment-derived self-model showed increased brain activity during positive and negative adjective evaluation regarding the self, but decreased brain activity during negative adjective evaluation regarding a close other, in bilateral amygdala/parahippocampus, bilateral anterior temporal pole/anterior superior temporal gyrus, and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. These findings suggest that a low positivity of the self-concept characteristic for the attachment anxiety dimension may influence neural information processing, but in opposite directions when it comes to self- versus (close) other-representations. We discuss our results in the framework of attachment theory and regarding their implications especially for adolescent social-emotional development and social integration.
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Moscoso A, Speranza M, Delvenne V, Corcos M, Pham-Scottez A. Parental Risk for Suicide and Attachment Patterns Among Adolescents With Borderline Personality Disorder. A Clinical-Based Study. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:771. [PMID: 30687143 PMCID: PMC6336919 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Experiencing adverse life events and early disturbed patterns of interaction are crucial determinants for the development of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Parental suicidal attempts can be considered a major adverse life event and a potentially traumatic experience. The aim of this study was to examine differences in parental suicidal attempts among a BPD adolescent population vs. a matched control group. We also aimed to understand if attachment styles and the number of parental suicidal attempts predicted the severity of borderline symptomatology. Methods: Our study (EURNET BPD) comprised 85 BPD adolescents and 85 matched controls. Axis II disorders were investigated using the French version of SIDP-IV. Parental suicidal behaviors were assessed during a face-to-face interview with the adolescent. Attachment style was assessed with the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ). Results: Parents of BPD adolescents made more suicidal attempts than controls (34 vs. 11%; chi2 = 13.8, p < 0.001). The linear regression showed that the best model explaining the severity of borderline symptomatology (R 2 adjusted = 0.15, F = 4.65, p < 0.001) was a model including the number of suicidal attempts realized by the parent (standardized beta = 0.28, p = 0.009) and the preoccupied attachment style of the adolescents toward their parents (standardized beta = 0.21, p = 0.043). Conclusion: Our results highlight the usefulness of assessing parental suicidal behavior when interviewing patients with BPD traits. This could be useful in clinical practice as an early clue to identify patients with potentially severe clinical profiles and parents needing a specific support. Further research is needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Moscoso
- Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Versailles, France
| | - Mario Speranza
- Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Versailles, France.,"Recherches Cliniques et en Santé Publique sur les Handicaps Psychique, Cognitif et Moteur" (HANDIReSP), Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | - Veronique Delvenne
- Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maurice Corcos
- Département de Psychiatrie de l'Adolescent et du Jeune Adulte, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
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Venta A, Muñoz C, Bailey C. What Language Does Your Internal Working Model of Attachment Speak? JOURNAL OF CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0022022117704053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Venta
- Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA
| | - Carla Muñoz
- Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA
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Sinnasse P, Tereno S. Consommations d’alcool, de cannabis et de tabac et qualité d’attachement. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gailledrat L, Rousselet M, Venisse JL, Lambert S, Rocher B, Remaud M, Guilleux A, Sauvaget A, Eyzop E, Grall-Bronnec M. Marked Body Shape Concerns in Female Patients Suffering from Eating Disorders: Relevance of a Clinical Sub-Group. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165232. [PMID: 27776159 PMCID: PMC5077091 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Concerns about body shape and weight are core diagnostic criteria for eating disorders although intensity varies between patients. Few studies have focused on the clinical differences relative to the intensity of these concerns. Nonetheless, they might have a prognostic value. This study was aimed at identifying the characteristics associated with marked body shape concerns in patients with an eating disorder. Data was collected from a systematic and standardized clinical assessment of outpatients seeking treatment in our department for eating disorders. Only female patients, suffering from anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, and with "no / mild" or "marked" body shape concerns according to the Body Shape Questionnaire, were included for the present study. We focused on sociodemographic characteristics, eating disorder characteristics, axis 1 disorders, types of attachment, self-esteem and dissociation. A multiple logistic regression was performed to identify factors related to "marked" body shape concerns. In our sample (123 participants, with a mean age of 24.3 years [range 16-61]), 56.9% had marked concerns with body shape. Marked body shape concerns were associated with a major depressive episode (OR = 100.3), the use of laxatives (OR = 49.8), a high score on the item "body dissatisfaction" of the Eating Disorders Inventory scale (OR = 1.7), a higher minimum body mass index (OR = 1.73), and a high score on the item "loss of control over behavior, thoughts and emotions" from the dissociation questionnaire (OR = 10.74). These results are consistent with previous studies, and highlight the importance of denial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Gailledrat
- Clinical Investigation Unit “Behavior Addictions / Complex Affective Disorders”, Addictology and Psychiatry Department, Nantes University Hospital, Hôpital Saint Jacques, 85 rue Saint Jacques, 44 093 Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - Morgane Rousselet
- Clinical Investigation Unit “Behavior Addictions / Complex Affective Disorders”, Addictology and Psychiatry Department, Nantes University Hospital, Hôpital Saint Jacques, 85 rue Saint Jacques, 44 093 Nantes cedex 1, France
- EA 4275 "Biostatistics, Pharmacoepidemiology and Subjective Measures in Health Sciences", Nantes University, Institute of Health Research IRS, 22 boulevard Bénoni Goullin, 44 200 Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Luc Venisse
- Clinical Investigation Unit “Behavior Addictions / Complex Affective Disorders”, Addictology and Psychiatry Department, Nantes University Hospital, Hôpital Saint Jacques, 85 rue Saint Jacques, 44 093 Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - Sylvain Lambert
- Clinical Investigation Unit “Behavior Addictions / Complex Affective Disorders”, Addictology and Psychiatry Department, Nantes University Hospital, Hôpital Saint Jacques, 85 rue Saint Jacques, 44 093 Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - Bruno Rocher
- Clinical Investigation Unit “Behavior Addictions / Complex Affective Disorders”, Addictology and Psychiatry Department, Nantes University Hospital, Hôpital Saint Jacques, 85 rue Saint Jacques, 44 093 Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - Manon Remaud
- Clinical Investigation Unit “Behavior Addictions / Complex Affective Disorders”, Addictology and Psychiatry Department, Nantes University Hospital, Hôpital Saint Jacques, 85 rue Saint Jacques, 44 093 Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - Alice Guilleux
- EA 4275 "Biostatistics, Pharmacoepidemiology and Subjective Measures in Health Sciences", Nantes University, Institute of Health Research IRS, 22 boulevard Bénoni Goullin, 44 200 Nantes, France
| | - Anne Sauvaget
- Clinical Investigation Unit “Behavior Addictions / Complex Affective Disorders”, Addictology and Psychiatry Department, Nantes University Hospital, Hôpital Saint Jacques, 85 rue Saint Jacques, 44 093 Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - Emeline Eyzop
- Clinical Investigation Unit “Behavior Addictions / Complex Affective Disorders”, Addictology and Psychiatry Department, Nantes University Hospital, Hôpital Saint Jacques, 85 rue Saint Jacques, 44 093 Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - Marie Grall-Bronnec
- Clinical Investigation Unit “Behavior Addictions / Complex Affective Disorders”, Addictology and Psychiatry Department, Nantes University Hospital, Hôpital Saint Jacques, 85 rue Saint Jacques, 44 093 Nantes cedex 1, France
- EA 4275 "Biostatistics, Pharmacoepidemiology and Subjective Measures in Health Sciences", Nantes University, Institute of Health Research IRS, 22 boulevard Bénoni Goullin, 44 200 Nantes, France
- * E-mail:
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Camart N, Cotte M, Leignel S, Bouvet C, Limosin F. [Dimensions of personality, attachment style and early maladaptive schemas in alcohol-dependent patients: Are there gender-specific differences?]. Encephale 2016; 42:523-528. [PMID: 27349581 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Literature reports particularities in certain psychological dimensions, such as personality traits, early maladaptive schemas and attachment styles among patients dependent on alcohol. Several international studies have also emphasized significant gender differences in psychological profiles. However, in France, only a few studies have dealt with this subject. Our aim was on the one hand to study the characteristics of alcohol-dependent patients in these variables, and on the other hand to search for gender differences. METHOD The personality dimensions were assessed with the French Big Five Inventory (Fr-BFI), the attachment style with Bartholomew's Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ), and early maladaptive schemas with the short version of Young's questionnaire (YSQ-S1). Seventy-three subjects were included: 39 alcohol-dependent patients (19 men and 20 women) and 34 healthy control subjects (17 men and 17 women). The scores of alcohol-dependent patients were compared with those of a healthy control group (n=34, 17 men, 17 women) and available standards. We also compared the scores of men and women with alcohol dependence between them, and we compared the scores of men and women to those of the control group and those of the reference sample of the same sex. RESULTS This is an ongoing study and we publish here the first results. Compared with control subjects, and the reference sample, alcohol-dependent patients showed significantly higher levels of neuroticism and lower levels of extraversion. Furthermore, differences in attachment styles were observed compared to the control group: alcohol-dependent patients presented a less secure attachment, seemed more fearful and detached, but the results remained within the normal standards. Compared to the control subjects, alcohol-dependent patients showed a significant increase in scores regarding many schemas: emotional deprivation, abandonment, abuse/mistrust, isolation, imperfection, dependence, symbiotic relationship, subjugation, and emotional inhibition. Men and women with alcohol dependence did not show a significant difference between them concerning the dimensions of personality, the schemas, and attachment styles. In addition, the comparison of each sub-group (male/female) with the control group of the same sex and standards available showed specific features: for dimensions of personality, alcohol-dependent men presented a high level of neuroticism and a low level of extraversion, while the women showed no specific features. Concerning attachment, both men and women differed from the control group. Their attachment was more fearful and men showed a less secure and more detached attachment. As for patterns, three are higher among men and women with alcohol dependence compared to controls of the same sex: emotional deprivation, abuse/mistrust, and imperfection. In addition, these schemas seem to be more specific according to gender: alcoholic women differed from controls of the same sex at the subjugation schema, which was not the case for men, while only men differed from men of the control group by higher scores in insufficient self-control, dependency and symbiotic relationship. DISCUSSION This study shows not only particularities in patients with alcohol dependence concerning personality dimensions, styles of attachment and early maladaptive schemas, but also gender differences when comparing each subgroup (men and women) with controls of the same sex. Even if these results need to be confirmed by using a larger sample, the particularities deserve consideration, especially gender differences in view of appropriate psychotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Camart
- EA 4430 (CLIPSYD), laboratoire de psychologie clinique EvaCliPsy, université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, 200, avenue de la République, 92001 Nanterre cedex, France.
| | - M Cotte
- EA 4430 (CLIPSYD), laboratoire de psychologie clinique EvaCliPsy, université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, 200, avenue de la République, 92001 Nanterre cedex, France; Service universitaire de psychiatrie de l'adulte et du sujet âgé, hôpital Corentin-Celton, hôpitaux universitaires Paris Ouest (AP-HP), 4, parvis Corentin-Celton, 92133 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
| | - S Leignel
- Service universitaire de psychiatrie de l'adulte et du sujet âgé, hôpital Corentin-Celton, hôpitaux universitaires Paris Ouest (AP-HP), 4, parvis Corentin-Celton, 92133 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
| | - C Bouvet
- EA 4430 (CLIPSYD), laboratoire de psychologie clinique EvaCliPsy, université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, 200, avenue de la République, 92001 Nanterre cedex, France
| | - F Limosin
- Service universitaire de psychiatrie de l'adulte et du sujet âgé, hôpital Corentin-Celton, hôpitaux universitaires Paris Ouest (AP-HP), 4, parvis Corentin-Celton, 92133 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; Faculté de médecine, université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne, Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; Institut national de la santé (Inserm) U894, centre psychiatrie et neurosciences, 75014 Paris, France
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Danet M, Miljkovitch R. [Self-disclosure on the Net: A risk factor for problematic use of the Internet among insecure persons]. Encephale 2016; 42:506-510. [PMID: 26803700 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2015.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Problematic use of the Internet (PUI) is more and more commonly seen among psychiatry patients. PUI is defined as an excessive preoccupation about and use of the Internet, which can be characterized by more time spent on-line than what was planned, with difficulties leading to distress or significant disorders. The new mode of interaction provided by the Internet facilitates self-disclosure, especially for socially anxious persons who feel safer and more comfortable in on-line compared with face-to-face interactions. Several studies point to the fact that insecure attachment, and particularly preoccupied attachment, is associated with problematic use of the Internet. Preoccupied attachment is characterized by a negative model of self and a positive model of others. Persons with a negative model of self feel anxious in interpersonal relationships. Because self-disclosure is easier on-line, it may play a role in problematic use of the Internet. AIMS The aim of the study is to better understand the link between insecure attachment and problematic use of the Internet, by examining the mediating role of self-disclosure. METHOD Participants anonymously completed the following self-questionnaires on-line: the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), which assesses problematic use of the Internet, the Relationship Scale Questionnaire (RSQ), which evaluates attachment, and the "Real-me" questionnaire, which measures increased self-disclosure on the Internet compared with face-to-face interactions. SAMPLE Participants (n=200, 73 % women) were recruited via e-mails, social networks, ads in local stores and leaflets in public places, directing them towards a link in which they could complete the on-line questionnaires. DATA ANALYSIS Descriptive analyses were conducted to examine the main characteristics of participants. A t-test was used to explore gender differences. Main analyses consisted of correlational analyses between attachment, the "Real-me", and problematic use of the Internet. A series of regression analyses were then used to test the mediating role of the "Real-me" in the link between insecure attachment and problematic use of the Internet. RESULTS Results confirm the associations between problematic use of the Internet and, respectively, preoccupied and fearful attachment. Complete mediation of the "Real-me" in the association between negative model of self (attachment) and problematic use of the Internet was also confirmed. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Preoccupied and fearful attachments are both associated with problematic use of the Internet. These persons have a negative model of self which may hamper their ability to be at ease in face-to-face interactions. Being themselves on the Internet mediates the link between negative model of self and problematic use of the Internet. Resorting to a less threatening environment of exchange may thus explain these insecure individuals' tendency to overuse the Internet. Future research investigating the different activities on the Internet would be useful to better determine whether certain specific activities are more closely linked to problematic use of the Internet among insecure individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Danet
- EA 4072, PSITEC - psychologie : interactions temps émotions cognition, université de Lille, 3, domaine du Pont-de-Bois, BP 60149, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - R Miljkovitch
- Équipe CRAC, laboratoire Paragraphe, UFR de psychologie, université Paris 8, 2, rue de la Liberté, 93526 Saint-Denis cedex 02, France
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Association between long-term cognitive decline in Vietnam veterans with TBI and caregiver attachment style. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2015; 30:E26-33. [PMID: 24695269 DOI: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether a caregiver's attachment style is associated with patient cognitive trajectory after traumatic brain injury (TBI). SETTING National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. PARTICIPANTS Forty Vietnam War veterans with TBI and their caregivers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Cognitive performance, measured by the Armed Forces Qualification Test percentile score, completed at 2 time points: preinjury and 40 years postinjury. DESIGN On the basis of caregivers' attachment style (secure, fearful, preoccupied, dismissing), participants with TBI were grouped into a high or low group. To examine the association between cognitive trajectory of participants with TBI and caregivers' attachment style, we ran four 2 × 2 analysis of covariance on cognitive performances. RESULTS After controlling for other factors, cognitive decline was more pronounced in participants with TBI with a high fearful caregiver than among those with a low fearful caregiver. Other attachment styles were not associated with decline. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATION Caregiver fearful attachment style is associated with a significant decline in cognitive status after TBI. We interpret this result in the context of the neural plasticity and cognitive reserve literatures. Finally, we discuss its impact on patient demand for healthcare services and potential interventions.
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La thérapie interpersonnelle basée sur la théorie de l’attachement. De Klerman à Bowlby. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Silva C, Chaminade T, David DF, Santos A, Esteves F, Soares I, Deruelle C. Attachment style impacts behavior and early oculomotor response to positive, but not negative, pictures. Scand J Psychol 2015; 56:327-34. [PMID: 25693911 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated whether oculomotor behavior is influenced by attachment styles. The Relationship Scales Questionnaire was used to assess attachment styles of forty-eight voluntary university students and to classify them into attachment groups (secure, preoccupied, fearful, and dismissing). Eye-tracking was recorded while participants engaged in a 3-seconds free visual exploration of stimuli presenting either a positive or a negative picture together with a neutral picture, all depicting social interactions. The task consisted in identifying whether the two pictures depicted the same emotion. Results showed that the processing of negative pictures was impermeable to attachment style, while the processing of positive pictures was significantly influenced by individual differences in insecure attachment. The groups highly avoidant regarding to attachment (dismissing and fearful) showed reduced accuracy, suggesting a higher threshold for recognizing positive emotions compared to the secure group. The groups with higher attachment anxiety (preoccupied and fearful) showed differences in automatic capture of attention, in particular an increased delay preceding the first fixation to a picture of positive emotional valence. Despite lenient statistical thresholds induced by the limited sample size of some groups (p < 0.05 uncorrected for multiple comparisons), the current findings suggest that the processing of positive emotions is affected by attachment styles. These results are discussed within a broader evolutionary framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Silva
- Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Cis-IUL, Lisboa, Portugal; Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Vrtička P, Sander D, Anderson B, Badoud D, Eliez S, Debbané M. Social feedback processing from early to late adolescence: influence of sex, age, and attachment style. Brain Behav 2014; 4:703-20. [PMID: 25328847 PMCID: PMC4113975 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The establishment of an accurate understanding of one's social context is a central developmental task during adolescence. A critical component of such development is to learn how to integrate the objective evaluation of one's behavior with the social response to the latter--here referred to as social feedback processing. CASE REPORT We measured brain activity by means of fMRI in 33 healthy adolescents (12-19 years old, 14 females). Participants played a difficult perceptual game with integrated verbal and visual feedback. Verbal feedback provided the participants with objective performance evaluation (won vs. lost). Visual feedback consisted of either smiling or angry faces, representing positive or negative social evaluations. Together, the combination of verbal and visual feedback gave rise to congruent versus incongruent social feedback combinations. In addition to assessing sex differences, we further tested for the effects of age and attachment style on social feedback processing. Results revealed that brain activity during social feedback processing was significantly modulated by sex, age, and attachment style in prefrontal cortical areas, ventral anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula, caudate, and amygdala/hippocampus. We found indication for heightened activity during incongruent social feedback processing in females, older participants, and individuals with an anxious attachment style. Conversely, we observed stronger activity during processing of congruent social feedback in males and participants with an avoidant attachment style. CONCLUSION Our findings not only extend knowledge on the typical development of socio-emotional brain function during adolescence, but also provide first clues on how attachment insecurities, and particularly attachment avoidance, could interfere with the latter mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Vrtička
- Department of Social Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany ; Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Stanford, California ; Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland ; Laboratory for the study of Emotion Elicitation and Expression, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David Sander
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland ; Laboratory for the study of Emotion Elicitation and Expression, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Brittany Anderson
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Badoud
- Adolescence Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland ; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine Geneva, Switzerland ; Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva School of Medicine Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Martin Debbané
- Adolescence Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland ; Office Médico-Pédagogique Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva School of Medicine Geneva, Switzerland ; Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London London, UK
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Vrtička P, Sander D, Vuilleumier P. Lateralized interactive social content and valence processing within the human amygdala. Front Hum Neurosci 2013; 6:358. [PMID: 23346054 PMCID: PMC3548516 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2012.00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past, the amygdala has generally been conceptualized as a fear-processing module. Recently, however, it has been proposed to respond to all stimuli that are relevant with respect to the current needs, goals, and values of an individual. This raises the question of whether the human amygdala may differentiate between separate kinds of relevance. A distinction between emotional (vs. neutral) and social (vs. non-social) relevance is supported by previous studies showing that the human amygdala preferentially responds to both emotionally and socially significant information, and these factors might even display interactive encoding properties. However, no investigation has yet probed a full 2 (positive vs. negative valence) × 2 (social vs. non-social content) processing pattern, with neutral images as an additional baseline. Applying such an extended orthogonal factorial design, our fMRI study demonstrates that the human amygdala is (1) more strongly activated for neutral social vs. non-social information, (2) activated at a similar level when viewing social positive or negative images, but (3) displays a valence effect (negative vs. positive) for non-social images. In addition, this encoding pattern is not influenced by cognitive or behavioral emotion regulation mechanisms, and displays a hemispheric lateralization with more pronounced effects on the right side. Finally, the same valence × social content interaction was found in three additional cortical regions, namely the right fusiform gyrus, right anterior superior temporal gyrus, and medial orbitofrontal cortex. Overall, these findings suggest that valence and social content processing represent distinct kinds of relevance that interact within the human amygdala as well as in a more extensive cortical network, likely subserving a key role in relevance detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Vrtička
- Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA ; Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland ; Laboratory for Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Neurology and Department of Neurosciences, University Hospital and Medical School, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland ; Laboratory for the Study of Emotion Elicitation and Expression (E3 Lab), Department of Psychology, FPSE, University of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland
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Vrtička P, Bondolfi G, Sander D, Vuilleumier P. The neural substrates of social emotion perception and regulation are modulated by adult attachment style. Soc Neurosci 2012; 7:473-93. [DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2011.647410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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