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Badr MY, Ahmed GK, Amer RA, Aref HM, Salem RM, Elmokadem HA, Khedr EM. Impact of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Cognitive and Psychiatric Dysfunction in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Double-Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial. Brain Sci 2024; 14:416. [PMID: 38790395 PMCID: PMC11119225 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14050416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Few randomized controlled trials have reported that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has controversial results for managing multiple domains of fibromyalgia-related symptoms. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of low-frequency rTMS over the right dorsolateral prefrontal area (DLPFC) on the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) concerning psychiatric and cognitive disorders. Forty-two eligible patients with fibromyalgia (FM) were randomized to have 20 sessions of active or sham rTMS (1 Hz, 120% of resting motor threshold with a total of 1200 pules/session) over the right DLPFC. All participants were evaluated at baseline, post sessions, and 3 months after sessions with the FIQ, Hamilton depression, and anxiety rating scales (HDRS and HARS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Tower of London test (TOL), the Trail Making, and Digit Span Tests. Both groups showed improvement in most rating scales at 1 and 3 months follow-up, with greater improvement in the active group, with significant correlation between FIQ cognitive rating scales, including RAVLT and TOL. Twenty sessions of low-frequency rTMS over the right DLPFC can improve FIQ scores regarding the psychiatric and cognitive symptoms of medicated patients with FM to a greater extent than sham. Changes in RAVLT and TOL correlated with changes in FIQ results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Y. Badr
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt; (M.Y.B.); (R.A.A.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Gellan K. Ahmed
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt;
| | - Reham A. Amer
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt; (M.Y.B.); (R.A.A.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Hend M. Aref
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt; (M.Y.B.); (R.A.A.); (H.M.A.)
| | - Rehab M. Salem
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt; (R.M.S.); (H.A.E.)
| | - Heba A. Elmokadem
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt; (R.M.S.); (H.A.E.)
| | - Eman M. Khedr
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt;
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2
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Khedr EM, Mahmoud DM, Hussein HB, Malky IEL, Mostafa SS, Gamea A. Treatment satisfaction with disease-modifying therapy is the only predictor of Adherence among multiple sclerosis patients from Upper Egypt. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7027. [PMID: 38528018 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57116-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the proven efficacy of the disease-modifying therapy (DMT) for multiple sclerosis (MS), the rates of non-adherence are frequently high. We aimed to evaluate the rate of non-adherence to the first DMT in Upper Egypt and identify different contributing factors. Out of 310 patients, ninety-seven adult patients with RRMS were recruited from three MS units located in Upper Egypt and were subjected to the following: complete clinical history, expanded disability status score (EDSS), Eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), abbreviated Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication-9 (TSQM-9), Hamilton depression scale, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). According to MMAS-8 scores, 63 (64.9%) of patients were non-adherent to their first DMT. Non-adherent patients are more likely to have longer disease duration (p = 0.002), longer duration on first DMT (p = 0.030), first DMT-start date before 2019 (p = 0.040), and lower treatment satisfaction scores (p = 0.016). However, there was no significant relation with physical disability, depression, fatigue, or sleep quality. On the regression analysis model, a lower treatment satisfaction score was the only predictor of DMT non-adherence (p = 0.012). Despite expanding DMT options, non-adherence among MS patients in Upper Egypt is high. Treatment satisfaction with DMT is the only predictor of adherence among MS patients of Upper Egypt. Adherence and satisfaction with the prescribed DMT should be assessed carefully to maximize DMT benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Khedr
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Hospital, Asyût, Egypt.
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University Hospital, Aswân, Egypt.
| | - Doaa M Mahmoud
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Hospital, Asyût, Egypt
| | - Hussein B Hussein
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena University Hospital, Qena, Egypt
| | - Islam E L Malky
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena University Hospital, Qena, Egypt
| | - Sarah S Mostafa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Hospital, Asyût, Egypt
| | - Ayman Gamea
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena University Hospital, Qena, Egypt
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3
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Du M, Hou X, Lu S, Kang T, Li Y, Wang R. Effectiveness of traditional Chinese exercise in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Int J Rheum Dis 2023; 26:2380-2389. [PMID: 37813823 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a common disorder characterized by heterogeneous symptoms that leads to decreased functioning, work productivity, and quality of life. Exercise has been recommended for fibromyalgia treatment. Traditional Chinese exercise (TCE), including Taichi, Qigong, Badunjin, Wuqinxi, etc., as a kind of mind-body exercise, plays an important role in alleviating symptoms of FMS. The objective of this study is to summarize the available evidence, through meta-analysis, on the pain relief, quality of life, sleep improvement, and emotion regulation of FMS in TCE. METHODS Databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, Google scholar, CNKI, WANFANG DATA, VIP, etc. were used to search eligible studies that were published from the time of their inception to February 11, 2022, in English and Chinese. The included studies were divided into two groups: TCE group (experimental group) and control group. The Cochrane collaboration's tool was used to assess the risk of bias, and Revman5.4.1 software was used to synthesize and analyze the data. RESULTS A total of 12 literatures were included in this study, which contained 781 patients, and 448 of them were included in the treatment group, 333 of others in control group. TCE significantly alleviated pain [SMD = -0.83, 95% CI (-1.15, -0.51), p < .00001], improved quality of life [SMD = -0.53, 95% CI (-0.86, -0.19), p = .002] and improved qualities of sleep [SMD = -0.41, 95% CI (-0.57, -0.24), p < .00001] and relieved depression [SMD = -0.40, 95% CI (-0.69, -0.10), p < .008]. CONCLUSION TCE may be a way to reduce pain, improve the quality of life and sleep, and relieve depression for FMS, and it could be part of the FMS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Du
- Department of Rheumatology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiujuan Hou
- Department of Rheumatology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Siyi Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tianlun Kang
- Department of Rheumatology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoyi Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Dionisie V, Puiu MG, Manea M, Pacearcă IA. Predictors of Changes in Quality of Life of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder-A Prospective Naturalistic 3-Month Follow-Up Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4628. [PMID: 37510745 PMCID: PMC10380991 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the leading causes of disease burden worldwide and affected patients frequently report impairments in quality of life (QoL). Therefore, the present research aimed to identify predictors of domain-specific QoL changes in MDD patients following the acute phase of pharmacological treatment (3-month). This study is a prospective, naturalistic, and observational analysis on 150 patients. Depressive symptoms, QoL, overall pain intensity, and functionality were assessed using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, World Health Organization Quality of Life scale-abbreviated version, Visual Analog Scale, and Sheehan Disability Scale, respectively. Reductions in symptom severity and disability were predictors of improvement across all domains of QoL. Pain intensity reduction was a predictor of increases in the physical aspect of QoL. A reduced number of psychiatric hospitalizations and being in a relationship predicted an improvement of QoL in the psychological domain whereas a positive history of suicidal attempts was associated with better social relationships QoL. The predictive models explained 41.2% and 54.7% of the variance in psychological and physical health domains of QoL, respectively. Awareness of sociodemographic and changes in clinical factors that impact the change in domain-specific QoL might help in shaping personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Dionisie
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Gabriela Puiu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- "Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia" Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mirela Manea
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- "Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia" Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Anca Pacearcă
- Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- "Sfântul Spiridon Vechi" Foundation, 040012 Bucharest, Romania
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5
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Bitar Z, Rogoza R, Sarray El Dine A, Malaeb D, Rashid T, Obeid S, Hallit S. Validity and reliability of the arabic version of the self-report single-item self-esteem scale (A-SISE). BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:351. [PMID: 37217890 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meta-analytic findings documented a substantial impact of self-esteem on a broad range of psychological and behavioral indicators, thus highlighting its high clinical relevance. Proving a simple and cost-effective measure of global self-esteem to the Arabic-speaking community, who mostly live in low- and middle-income countries, and where research may be challenging, would be highly valuable. In this context, we sought to investigate the psychometric characteristics of an Arabic translation of the Single-Item Self-Esteem Scale (A-SISE) in terms of factor structure, reliability, and construct validity. METHODS A total of 451 participants were enrolled between October and December 2022. An anonymous self-administered Google Forms link was shared on WhatsApp. To examine the factor structure of the A-SISE, we used the FACTOR software. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis (EFA), using a principal component analysis on the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) items first, then after adding the A-SISE. RESULTS The results of the EFA of the RSES revealed two factors (F1 = negatively-worded items; F2 = positively-worded items), which explained 60.63% of the common variance. When adding the A-SISE, the two-factor solution obtained explained 58.74% of the variance, with the A-SISE loading on the second factor. Both RSES and A-SISE correlated significantly and positively with each other, as well as with extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, open mindedness and satisfaction with life. Moreover, they correlated significantly and negatively with negative emotionality and depression. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the A-SISE is a simple-to-use, cost-effective, valid and reliable measure of self-esteem. We thus recommend its use in future research among Arabic-speaking people in Arab clinical and research settings, particularly when researchers are limited by time or resources constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, Manouba, 2010, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Zeinab Bitar
- Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Radosław Rogoza
- University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Psychology, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Abir Sarray El Dine
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Diana Malaeb
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
- College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tabassum Rashid
- Psychology Department, College of Humanities, Effat University, Jeddah, 21478, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon.
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Psychology Department, College of Humanities, Effat University, Jeddah, 21478, Saudi Arabia.
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, 11931, Jordan.
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
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6
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Li C, Cai Q, Su Z, Chen Z, Cao J, Xu F. Could peripheral 5-HT level be used as a biomarker for depression diagnosis and treatment? A narrative minireview. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1149511. [PMID: 36959863 PMCID: PMC10028199 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1149511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The serotonin hypothesis of depression is still influential, but the relationship between peripheral 5-HT levels and depression is still unknown. This review aimed to verify whether peripheral 5-HT levels could be used as a biomarker for depression diagnosis and treatment. PubMed and EMBASE were searched using terms appropriate to the area of research. Articles from 1957 to 2022 in the following terms were identified: depression, 5-HT, serotonin and peripheral (serum, plasma, blood platelets). 33 studies were included: seven clinical trials about periphery 5-HT levels in depressive patients compared to normal subjects, 15 clinical trials about changes of peripheral 5-HT levels in patients with depression after drug treatment and 11 animal experiments about peripheral 5-HT levels in animal models of depression. Peripheral 5-HT levels presented three different outcomes before and after antidepressant treatments: increased, decreased and no significant change. In conclusion, changes in peripheral 5-HT levels did not show consistent results among these studies. Peripheral 5-HT level could not be used as a biomarker both for depression diagnosis and for antidepressant efficacy evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canye Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiming Cai
- Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuanjun Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhicong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinming Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Sixth People's Hospital South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Yakın E, Bitar Z, Malaeb D, Sawma T, Obeid S, Hallit S. Validation of the Arabic version of the 35-item TEMPS-M in a community sample of adults. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:28. [PMID: 36709317 PMCID: PMC9883938 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01064-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To our knowledge, no brief version of the Temperament Evaluation in Memphis Pisa and San Diego (TEMPS-M) is available so far in the Arabic language, which might have resulted in limited research in this field from Arab countries. We aimed through this study to validate the 35-item TEMPS-M into the Arabic language in a sample of non-clinical Lebanese adults. METHODS We used an online cross-sectional survey targeting non-clinical Lebanese adults from the general population. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test the factorial structure of the TEMPS-M. RESULTS All five temperament subscales achieved good/very good internal consistencies in the present study (depressive: α = 0.78, cyclothymic: α = 0.86, hyperthymic: α = 0.83, irritable: α = 0.87, and anxious: α = 0.87). The five-factor solution of the TEMPS-M displayed a good CFI of 0.94, TLI of .94 and a GFI of .95, but a poor RMSEA of .10 [90% CI .10, .11]. The five affective temperaments showed positive correlations with personality dysfunction domains, thus attesting for convergent validity. In addition, positive correlations between all affective temperament dimensions and anxiety/depression scores were found. We also tested for gender invariance, and found that configural, metric, and scalar invariance were supported across gender. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the psychometric properties of the Arabic TEMPS-M are good. Making this scale available in Arabic will hopefully encourage Arab researchers to investigate this under-explored topic in their countries, and advance knowledge on how culture impacts the prevalence, development and course of temperament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- Department of Psychiatry “Ibn Omrane”,The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Razi Hospital, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia ,grid.12574.350000000122959819Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ecem Yakın
- grid.410542.60000 0004 0486 042XCentre d’Etudes Et de Recherches en Psychopathologie Et Psychologie de La Santé, Université de Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, UT2J, 5 Allées Antonio Machado, 31058 Toulouse, France
| | - Zeinab Bitar
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535Faculty of Medicine, Paris-Saclay University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Diana Malaeb
- grid.411884.00000 0004 1762 9788College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates ,grid.444421.30000 0004 0417 6142School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Toni Sawma
- grid.411323.60000 0001 2324 5973Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- grid.411323.60000 0001 2324 5973Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- grid.443337.40000 0004 0608 1585Psychology Department, College of Humanities, Effat University, Jeddah, 21478 Saudi Arabia ,grid.444434.70000 0001 2106 3658School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon ,grid.411423.10000 0004 0622 534XApplied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan ,grid.512933.f0000 0004 0451 7867Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
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8
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Rahme C, El Kadri N, Haddad C, Fekih-Romdhane F, Obeid S, Hallit S. Exploring the association between lifetime traumatic experiences and positive psychotic symptoms in a group of long-stay patients with schizophrenia: the mediating effect of depression, anxiety, and distress. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:29. [PMID: 36635691 PMCID: PMC9835034 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04531-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia are generally characterized by hallucinations and delusions. We propose to assess the relationship between total composite trauma and positive psychotic symptoms, along with the mediation effect of cognition, fear of COVID-19, insomnia, anxiety, distress, and depression of Lebanese patients with schizophrenia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out, between June and July 2021, by deriving data from 155 long-stay in-patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. RESULTS Depression, anxiety, and distress but not cognitive impairment, insomnia, and fear of COVID-19) mediated the association between lifetime traumatic experiences and positive psychotic symptoms. Higher traumatic experiences were associated with greater depression, anxiety, and distress, indicating a significant positive total effect on positive psychotic scores. Moreover, higher depression, anxiety, and distress were significantly associated with higher positive psychotic symptoms. CONCLUSION Our results contribute to the existing knowledge by suggesting other possible intervention paths through mediating factors. Interventions that improve anxiety, depression, and distress severity may be effective in reducing positive psychotic symptoms among patients with schizophrenia having experienced lifetime trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Rahme
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | | | - Chadia Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon.,Modern University of Business Sciences, Damour, Lebanon
| | - Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, 2010, Manouba, Tunisia.,Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon. .,School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon. .,Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
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9
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Maalouf E, Hallit S, Salameh P, Hosseini H. Depression, anxiety, insomnia, stress, and the way of coping emotions as risk factors for ischemic stroke and their influence on stroke severity: A case-control study in Lebanon. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1097873. [PMID: 36896347 PMCID: PMC9988919 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1097873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. There are numerous debates regarding the relationship between depression, anxiety, insomnia, perceived stress, and ischemic stroke. Moreover, no research on the efficacy of emotion regulation, which is critical for various components of healthy affective and social adaptability, is being conducted. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in the MENA region to shed light on the relationship between these conditions and stroke risk, aiming to determine whether depression, anxiety, insomnia, stress, and the way of coping with emotions may be risk factors for ischemic stroke occurrence and to further investigate the ability of two specific types of emotion regulation (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) as possible moderators of the relationship between these psychological diseases and ischemic stroke risk. As a secondary objective, we sought to determine how these pre-existing conditions affect stroke severity levels. METHODS This is a case-control survey study involving 113 Lebanese inpatients with a clinical diagnosis of ischemic stroke admitted in hospitals and rehabilitation centers in Beirut and Mount Lebanon, and 451 gender-matched volunteers without clinical signs of stroke as controls recruited from the same hospitals as the cases or attending outpatient clinics for illnesses or treatments unconnected to stroke or transient ischemic attack, as well as visitors or relatives of inpatients (April 2020-April 2021). Data was collected by filling out an anonymous paper-based questionnaire. RESULTS According to the outcomes of the regression model, depression (aOR: 1.232, 95%CI: 1.008-1.506), perceived stress (aOR: 1.690, 95%CI: 1.413-2.022), a lower educational level (aOR: 0.335, 95%CI: 0.011-10.579), and being married (aOR: 3.862, 95%CI: 1.509-9.888) were associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke. The moderation analysis revealed that expressive suppression had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between depression, anxiety, perceived stress, insomnia, and ischemic stroke risk, resulting in an increased risk of stroke incidence. In contrast, cognitive reappraisal significantly reduced the risk of ischemic stroke by moderating the association between ischemic stroke risk and the following independent variables: perceived stress and insomnia. On the other hand, our multinomial regression model revealed that the odds of moderate to severe/severe stroke were significantly higher in people with pre-stroke depression (aOR: 1.088, 95% CI: 0.747-1.586) and perceived stress (aOR: 2.564, 95% CI: 1.604-4.100) compared to people who had never had a stroke. CONCLUSION Despite several limitations, the findings of our study suggest that people who are depressed or stressed are more likely to have an ischemic stroke. Consequently, additional research into the causes and effects of depression and perceived stress may provide new directions for preventive strategies that can help reduce the risk of stroke. Since pre-stroke depression and perceived stress were also found to be strongly correlated with stroke severity, future studies should evaluate the association between pre-stroke depression, perceived stress, and stroke severity to gain a deeper understanding of the complex interaction between these variables. Lastly, the study shed new light on the role of emotion regulation in the relationship between depression, anxiety, perceived stress, insomnia, and ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Maalouf
- Life and Health Sciences Department, Paris-Est University, Paris, France
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon.,Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.,Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicolo-gie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Medical School, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Hassan Hosseini
- Faculté de Santé, UPE-C, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France.,Hopital Henri Mondor, APHP, Créteil, France
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10
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Obeid S, Azzi V, Hallit S. Validation and psychometric properties of the Arabic version of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 7 items (HAMD-7) among non-clinical and clinical samples of Lebanese adults. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285665. [PMID: 37200339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS or HAMD) is widely used scale for depression assessment. A shortened version of the HDRS, composed of 7 items, was implemented. The latter is timesaving compared to the original version, while still providing similar precision. Our objective in this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Arabic HAMD-7 scale among non-clinical and clinical samples of Lebanese adults. METHODS In study 1, 443 Lebanese citizens enrolled in this cross-sectional study (June-September 2021). The total sample in study 1 was divided into two subsamples to conduct the exploratory-to-confirmatory factor analysis (EFA-to-CFA). Another cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2022 on another sample of Lebanese patients (independent from the sample of study 1) and included 150 patients attending two psychology clinics. The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Lebanese Depression Scale (LDS), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) and Lebanese Anxiety Scale (LAS) were used to assess the validity of the HAMD-7 scale. RESULTS The results of the EFA (subsample 1; study 1) showed that the HAM-D-7 items converged into a one-factor solution (McDonald's ω = .78). The CFA (subsample 2; study 1) confirmed the one-factor solution obtained in the EFA (ω = .79). CFA indicated that fit of the one-factor model of the HAM-D-7 was acceptable: χ2/df = 27.88/14 = 1.99, RMSEA = .066 (90% CI = .028, .102), SRMR = .043, CFI = .960, TLI = .939. All indices suggested that configural, metric, and scalar invariance was supported across gender. The HAMD-7 scale score positively correlated with the MADRS (r = 0.809; p<0.001), LDS (r = 0.872; p<0.001), HAM-A (r = 0.645; p<0.001) and LAS (r = 0.651; p<0.001) scales scores. The optimal cutoff score between healthy individuals and depressive patients for the HAMD-7 was at a value = 5.50 (Se = 82.8% and Sp = 62.4%). The positive and negative predicted values for the HAMD-7 were 25.1% and 96.0%, respectively. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 2.20 and 0.28 respectively. No significant difference was found between the non-clinical total sample (study 1) and the clinical sample (study 2) in terms of HAM-D-7 scores (5.24 ± 4.43 vs 4.54 ± 5.06; t(589) = 1.609; p = .108). CONCLUSION Psychometric properties of the Arabic HAMD-7 scale are satisfactory, warranting its use clinically and in research. This scale seems highly efficient for ruling out depression; however, those with positive scores need a referral to a mental health professional for deeper evaluation. HAMD-7 might be self-administered by non-clinical subjects. Future studies are recommended to additionally confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Vanessa Azzi
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
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11
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El-Sarnagawy G, Hafez A, Amer R. Characteristics of suicidal poisoned patients admitted to tertiary care center during COVID-19 pandemic. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2022; 58:138. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-022-00577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Suicidal poisoning is a major concern during the COVID-19 pandemic that has several physical and mental hazards. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of suicidal poisoned patients admitted to a tertiary poison control center during the pandemic lockdown and assess COVID-related knowledge and attitude among those patients to identify the high-risk group for suicide. This cross-sectional study was conducted on acutely poisoned patients admitted to Tanta University Poison Control Center from June to December 2020. Upon admission, socio-demographic data, causative poisoning agents, COVID-related knowledge and attitude, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) were collected from all participants.
Results
A total of 254 poisoned patients were categorized into suicidal (85.04%) and accidental (14.96%) poisoning groups. The former was caused mainly by phosphides and was significantly associated with a history of using psychotropic medications and high HAM-A and HAM-D results. Logistic regression analysis showed that a history of psychiatric illness, low attitude scores, and high HAM-D scores were significant risk factors for suicidal poisoning.
Conclusions
Considerable number of suicidal poisoned patients had moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms, highlighting the importance of providing specialized psychiatric services in poisoning centers, particularly among vulnerable populations, to prevent the overwhelming repeated suicidal attempts.
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12
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Sanad EA, El-Shinnawy HAEH, Hebah HA, Farrag DA, Soliman ERA, Abdelgawad MA. Effect of intra-dialytic physical exercise on depression in prevalent hemodialysis patients. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-022-00560-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Depression is associated with morbidity, death, diminished quality of life, decreased longevity, and even suicidal ideation in hemodialysis patients. Intra-dialytic exercise is considered as integral component of the clinical care management of hemodialysis patients as it improves hemodialysis effectiveness, reducing systemic inflammation, increasing exercise tolerance, decreasing depression and improving quality of life. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of intra-dialytic physical exercise on depression and physical activity in prevalent hemodialysis patients. This prospective cohort research comprised 50 hemodialysis patients maintained on regular hemodialysis 3 times/week with duration since starting dialysis (1–5 years), not practicing any previous physical activity, suffering from depressive symptoms, not maintained on antidepressants and separated into two groups: group I underwent intra-dialytic exercise for 3 months and group II was matched in age and gender but did not undertake any exercise.
Results
Hamilton depression rating scale was significantly decreased in group I after completing the exercise program compared to baseline (P = 0.000), while there was no significant change in group II. Serum tumor necrosis factor alpha significantly decreased in group I compared to baseline (P = 0.000), while there was no significant change in group II. A positive correlation was found between serum tumor necrosis factor alpha and Hamilton depression rating scale (r = 0.676), (P = 0.000). Physical activity tests; 6-min walk test, rapid assessment of physical activity and peak volume of oxygen consumption were significantly improved in group I compared to baseline (P = 0.000), while there was no statistically significant difference in group II. Serum phosphorus and parathyroid hormone levels were significantly decreased in group I compared to baseline (P < 0.01), while urea reduction ratio was significantly increased in group I compared to baseline (P = 0.000), but there was no significant change in group II.
Conclusions
Intra-dialysis exercise can improve depression and physical performance in hemodialysis patients. As positive correlation was found between serum tumor necrosis factor alpha and Hamilton depression rating scale, so tumor necrosis factor alpha may be considered as marker of depression in hemodialysis patients. Intra-dialytic exercise can improve dialysis efficacy by improving urea reduction ratio.
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13
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Hobeika E, Haddad C, Akel M, Obeid S, Salameh P, Hallit S. Factors associated with seasonal affective disorders in Lebanese adults. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:1310-1323. [PMID: 34402077 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Evaluate seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and the possible factors associated with it among Lebanese adults, during winter and summer seasons of 2018 and 2019. DESIGN AND METHODS Cross-sectional study was conducted in two time intervals. The winter period took place from December 2018 to January 2019, whereas the summer period was from May to June 2019, evaluating the same participants. FINDINGS Higher winter depression (adjusted odds ratio [ORa] = 1.16), higher winter insomnia (ORa = 1.04) were significantly associated with higher odds of having winter SAD. Higher summer depression (ORa = 1.20) was significantly associated with higher odds of having summer SAD. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS A proper recognition of risk factors associated with SAD allows the clinician to effectively differentiate between SAD and nonseasonal depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hobeika
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Department of Research, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,INSERM, Univ. Limoges, CH Esquirol, IRD, U1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, GEIST, Limoges, France
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Department of Research, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
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14
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Awad E, Hallit R, Haddad C, Akel M, Obeid S, Hallit S. Is problematic social media use associated with higher addictions (alcohol, smoking, and waterpipe) among Lebanese adults? Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:1554-1563. [PMID: 34716597 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the correlation between problematic social media use, alcohol use disorder, and smoking addiction through both cigarettes and waterpipe, among a sample of Lebanese adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out between January and April 2019. It enrolled 461 residents of the community randomly selected from Lebanon's districts in a proportionate rate. RESULTS Higher problematic social media use was significantly associated with more waterpipe addiction but not cigarette dependence and alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Awad
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rabih Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,Department of Infectious Disease, Bellevue Medical Center, Mansourieh, Lebanon.,Department of Infectious Disease, Notre-Dame des Secours University Hospital, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Department of Research, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Univ. Limoges, UMR 1094, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale, Institut d'Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, GEIST, Limoges, France.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,Department of Research, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
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15
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Increased probability of mood disorders after age-related macular degeneration: a population-based cohort study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15222. [PMID: 36075924 PMCID: PMC9458640 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19429-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim to investigate the association of mood disorders with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This retrospective cohort study used data from 2000 and 2016 from National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan. Patients with AMD diagnosis formed the exposed group, and an age- and sex-matched group without AMD served as the nonexposed group. Main outcomes were the incidence of mood disorders including psychological counseling, behavior therapy, sleep or anxiety-related disorders, and major depressive disorders (MDDs) in the exposed and non-exposed groups. The Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to evaluate the incidence and adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of mood disorders. A total of 5916 and 11,832 individuals with and without AMD were enrolled into the exposed and nonexposed groups. There were 1017 (17.19%) and 1366 (11.54%) episodes of mood disorders occurred in the exposed and nonexposed groups, respectively. The aHRs of any psychological counseling, behavioral therapy, sleep or anxiety-related disorders, and MDD were significantly higher in patients with AMD than in those without AMD (all P < 0.05). Besides, patients with dry-AMD, participants aged 50-70 years, and women with AMD had a higher incidence of mood disorders (all P < 0.05) than did non-AMD individuals, patients > 70 years, and women without AMD. In conclusion, AMD occurrence leads to an increased rate of mood disorders, particularly among those with dry-AMD, middle aged participants (aged 50-70), and women.
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16
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Youssef L, Salameh P, Dagher M, Akel M, Hallit S, Obeid S. Association between mental illness and cycle phases and physical, social, and task attraction in female university students. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:986-993. [PMID: 34105164 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the association between menstrual cycle phases and other factors (depression, anxiety, and stress) with social, physical, and task attraction. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 662 female university students (December 2019-January 2020). RESULTS Higher stress was associated with higher social and task attraction. Higher stress and depression were associated with higher physical attraction, whereas higher anxiety was associated with lower physical attraction. None of the cycle's phases was associated with attraction. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS This study results showed a lot of contradictory information to what is present in the literature, in addition to new associations that are not tackled enough in the literature. Therefore, there is a crucial need for new firm studies that explore the relationship between women's hormonal levels and attraction levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Youssef
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand (UOB), Al-Kurah, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon.,University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyrus.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maya Dagher
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon.,School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Research and Psychology, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
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17
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Negm M, Bahaa A, Farrag A, Lithy RM, Badary HA, Essam M, Kamel S, Sakr M, Abd El Aaty W, Shamkh M, Basiony A, Dawoud I, Shehab H. Effect of Ramadan intermittent fasting on inflammatory markers, disease severity, depression, and quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: A prospective cohort study. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:203. [PMID: 35462542 PMCID: PMC9036734 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intermittent fasting (IF) during the month of Ramadan is part of the religious rituals of Muslims. The effect of intermittent fasting on disease activity in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is still unknown. This is the first study to assess the effect of IF during Ramadan on inflammatory markers in patients diagnosed with IBD. The effects on clinical disease activity, quality of life, and levels of depression were also assessed. Methods Patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn’s disease (CD) who intended to observe Ramadan fasting were recruited. The following were assessed immediately before and at the end of Ramadan: Serum CRP and stool calprotectin, partial Mayo score, Harvey Bradshaw index (HBI), Simple IBD questionnaire (SIBDQ), and Hamilton depression scale questionnaire. Results 80 patients diagnosed with IBD were recruited (60 UC, 20 CD). Serum CRP and stool calprotectin did not show a significant change before vs after fasting (median CRP 0.53 vs 0.50, P value = 0.27, Calprotectin 163 vs 218 respectively, P value = 0.62). The partial Mayo score showed a significant rise after fasting (median 1 before vs 1 after fasting, mean: 1.79 vs 2.33 respectively, P value = 0.02). Harvey-Bradshaw index did not show a significant change after fasting (median 4 vs 5, P value = 0.4). Multiple linear regression revealed that older age and a higher baseline calprotectin were associated with a higher change in Mayo score after fasting (P value = 0.02 and P value = 0.01, respectively). No significant change was detected in SIBDQ or Hamilton depression scale scores. Conclusions In patients diagnosed with UC, IF during Ramadan was associated with worsening of clinical parameters, the effect was more pronounced in older patients and those with higher baseline calprotectin levels. However, IF during Ramadan was not associated with an adverse effect on objective inflammatory markers (CRP and calprotectin).
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18
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Malaeb D, Farchakh Y, Haddad C, Sacre H, Obeid S, Hallit S, Salameh P. Validation of the Beirut Distress Scale (BDS-10), a short version of BDS-22, to assess psychological distress among the Lebanese population. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:304-313. [PMID: 33821486 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and validate a short version of the Beirut Distress Scale (BDS-22), the BDS-10, in the Lebanese population, and evaluate the association between psychological distress and other mental disorders. METHODS A total of 2260 participants was enrolled in this cross-sectional study (January-July 2019). RESULTS Items converged over a solution of two factors (Factor 1 = Mood, affect and cognitive symptoms; Factor 2 = Physical symptoms; total variance explained = 64.51%). A significantly high correlation was found between BDS-10 and BDS-22 (r = 0.963, p < 0.001). Higher depression, anxiety, and insomnia were significantly associated with higher stress (higher BDS-10 and BDS-22 scores). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS This new short tool is valid and reliable to screen for psychological distress, influencing mood and affect, and physical and cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Malaeb
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Youssef Farchakh
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Tropical Epidemiology and Neurology, GEIST, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon.,University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
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19
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Cheffi N, Chakroun-Walha O, Sellami R, Ouali R, Mnif D, Guermazi F, Issaoui F, Lajmi M, Benamar B, Damak J, Rekik N, Masmoudi J. Validation of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) in the Tunisian dialect. Public Health 2021; 202:100-105. [PMID: 34936977 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) is one of the most frequently used depression assessment scales. In Tunisia, psychiatrists commonly use this scale in a Tunisian dialect. However, to the best of our knowledge, this scale has never been validated in Tunisia. This study aims to investigate the reliability and the validity of the HDRS among Tunisian patients who have been hospitalised for a suicide attempt. A secondary objective is to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of the study population. STUDY DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study performed in the emergency department. METHODS Patients who were hospitalised for a suicide attempt were eligible for inclusion in this study. The Tunisian version of the HDRS was developed using a forward-backward translation procedure. Psychometric properties of the Tunisian version of the HDRS were tested, including (i) construct validity with a confirmatory one-factor analysis; (ii) internal validity with Pearson correlations and Cronbach alpha coefficients; and (iii) external validity by correlations with the Patient Health Quality-9 (PHQ-9) scale. We used the Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve to analyse the correlation between the total HDRS score and the presence of depression according to the PHQ-9. RESULTS In total, 101 participants were enrolled in this study. The principal component analysis (PCA) type factor analysis with varimax rotation found a high-grade correlation between HDRS individual items and the total score. The total variance, explained by five factors, was 64.4%. Cronbach's standardised alpha coefficient was 0.86 for the overall scale. Correlations between the total HDRS score and the PHQ-9 score, and its various items, were significant. The ROC curve analysis showed good sensitivity (80.8%) and specificity (91.1%). CONCLUSION The Tunisian version of the HDRS is an acceptable instrument to screen depression in individuals who have attempted suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Cheffi
- Department of Psychiatry A, University Hospital Hédi Chaker Sfax, Tunisia
| | - O Chakroun-Walha
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - R Sellami
- Department of Psychiatry A, University Hospital Hédi Chaker Sfax, Tunisia
| | - R Ouali
- Department of Psychiatry A, University Hospital Hédi Chaker Sfax, Tunisia
| | - D Mnif
- Department of Psychiatry A, University Hospital Hédi Chaker Sfax, Tunisia
| | - F Guermazi
- Department of Psychiatry A, University Hospital Hédi Chaker Sfax, Tunisia
| | - F Issaoui
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Tunisia
| | - M Lajmi
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Tunisia
| | - B Benamar
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Tunisia
| | - J Damak
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University Hospital Hedi Chaker Sfax, Tunisia
| | - N Rekik
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Tunisia
| | - J Masmoudi
- Department of Psychiatry A, University Hospital Hédi Chaker Sfax, Tunisia
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20
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Awad E, Salameh P, Sacre H, Malaeb D, Hallit S, Obeid S. Association between impulsivity and orthorexia nervosa / healthy orthorexia: any mediating effect of depression, anxiety, and stress? BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:604. [PMID: 34861836 PMCID: PMC8640965 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of studies investigating the possible mediating role of psychological factors, such as depression, anxiety and stress on orthorexic eating behaviors. Given that personality attributes might affect the manifestation of psychological disorders, it was hypothesized that depression, anxiety and stress mediate the relationship between impulsivity-related traits and orthorexic eating, noting that previous research had evaluated the role of depression as a mediator between impulsivity and other pathological eating behaviors. The study objectives were to explore the mediating effect of depression, anxiety, and stress, on impulsivity and orthorexia nervosa, and healthy orthorexia. METHODS This cross-sectional study conducted between July and December 2019 recruited 519 Lebanese adults from seven community pharmacies randomly selected from a list provided by the Lebanese Order of Pharmacists. RESULTS Our results showed that depression and anxiety were positively correlated with ON. We also found a notable gender difference in findings: higher anxiety and female gender were significantly associated with higher TOS healthy orthorexia, while higher stress was associated with lower TOS healthy orthorexia. Finally, higher urgency was associated with lower TOS healthy orthorexia, while higher perseverance was significantly associated with higher TOS healthy orthorexia. Depression and anxiety partially mediated the association between perseverance and ON while anxiety and stress partially mediated the association between urgency and healthy orthorexia. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that depression, anxiety and stress play a mediating role between impulsivity and orthorexia nervosa/healthy orthorexia. Our findings provide a ground for future investigations of impulsive behaviors, psychopathology, and orthorexia in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Awad
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Faculty of Social Sciences, Psychology Department, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon ,grid.411324.10000 0001 2324 3572Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon ,grid.413056.50000 0004 0383 4764University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Diana Malaeb
- grid.444421.30000 0004 0417 6142School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon ,grid.466400.0Life Sciences and Health Department, Paris-Est University, Paris, France
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon. .,Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
| | - Sahar Obeid
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon. .,Psychology Department, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
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21
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Haddad C, Zakhour M, Sacre H, Eid N, Wehbé G, Farha J, Azar J, Obeid S, Hallit S. Variation of psychological and anthropometrics measures before and after dieting and factors associated with body dissatisfaction and quality of life in a Lebanese clinical sample. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:189. [PMID: 34852828 PMCID: PMC8638338 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00691-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The primary objective of this study was to assess a change in the psychological states (stress, self-esteem, anxiety and depression), anthropometric measurements and physical/mental quality of life before and after diet in a sample of Lebanese subjects visiting a diet clinic. The secondary objectives included the evaluation of factors associated with body dissatisfaction, mental and physical quality of life (QOL) before the intervention of the diet program and the change in quality of life after this intervention among those participants. Methods This cross-sectional study, conducted between May and August 2018, enrolled 62 participants recruited from three diet clinics. The QOL was measured using the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and the psychological states was measured using the following scales: The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Results A significant reduction in body dissatisfaction, anxiety, waist, weight and body fat and a significant increase in the physical and mental quality of life was seen after diet compared to before it (p < 0.001 for all). No significant variation in perceived stress (p = 0.072), self-esteem (p = 0.885), and depression (p = 0.353) after diet were found. Higher BMI (β = 0.440) and higher anxiety (β = 0.132) were associated with higher body dissatisfaction scores, whereas higher self-esteem (β = − 0.818) was significantly associated with lower body dissatisfaction. Higher perceived stress (β = − 0.711), higher body dissatisfaction (β = − 0.480) and being a female (β = − 4.094) were associated with lower mental QOL. Higher Physical Activity Index was significantly associated with higher mental and physical QOL (β = 0.086 and β = 0.123 respectively). Conclusion The results indicate the effectiveness of diet programs in enhancing the quality of life, psychological and anthropometric measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadia Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon. .,INSERM, Univ. Limoges, IRD, U1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, GEIST, Limoges, France. .,INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique Et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Maha Zakhour
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique Et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Georgie Wehbé
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint Joseph University (USJ), Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Jocelyne Azar
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique Et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon. .,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
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22
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Saeed M, Sher Z, Khan F, Iqbal F, Siddiqui TA, Wahab A, Khalid I, Shamim K, Dars JA, Farooqui A, Abbas K. Right Unilateral Versus Bilateral Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients With Clinical Depression. Cureus 2021; 13:e18313. [PMID: 34725585 PMCID: PMC8553281 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a functional treatment for a significant mental illness that involves a momentary application of electrical stimulation to induce generalized seizures. The use of right unilateral (RUL) and bilateral (BL) ECT has been controversial. Thus, the study aimed at comparing the effectiveness of RUL ECT and BL ECT in treating depression. Methodology A longitudinal study was conducted between September 2016 and January 2021 at a tertiary care hospital in Sindh, Pakistan. All patients over the age of 18 with clinically diagnosed depression in the last month were included in the study. Baseline depression scores and post-treatment scores were determined using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). All patients were assigned to each treatment group. Group A was administered right unilateral electroconvulsive therapy, while group B was administered bilateral electroconvulsive therapy. Adverse effects were documented right after treatment, at four hours, and then one day after therapy. Depression severity was determined after each ECT session using the HDRS scale. Electroconvulsive therapy was discontinued when an HDRS score of 10 was achieved. Results The mean HDRS score at baseline in the bilateral ECT group was 24.99 ± 3.938, which lowered to 17.56 ± 2.65 by the 3rd session, 12.45 ± 3.76 by the 6th session, and to 11.86 ± 2.3 by the end of treatment (p<0.0001). Similarly, the right unilateral ECT was equally effective in improving the depressive symptoms (p<0.0001). There was no significant difference between the efficacy of bilateral and unilateral placements of electrodes in electroconvulsive therapy (p=0.116).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maham Saeed
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, PAK
| | - Zainab Sher
- Department of Psychiatry, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK
| | - Faryal Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Fizza Iqbal
- Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi, PAK
| | | | - Abdul Wahab
- Department of Medicine, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, PAK
| | - Izza Khalid
- Department of Medicine, Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore, PAK
| | - Khizer Shamim
- Department of Medicine, Ziauddin University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Jawed Akbar Dars
- Department of Psychiatry, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, PAK
| | - Anoosh Farooqui
- Department of Surgery, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK.,Department of Surgery, United Medical and Dental College, Karachi, PAK
| | - Kiran Abbas
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, PAK
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23
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Qi-Regulating and Blood Circulation-Promoting Therapy Improves Health Status of Stable Angina Pectoris Patients with Depressive Symptoms. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:7319417. [PMID: 34567219 PMCID: PMC8460386 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7319417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Depressive symptoms have been found to be highly prevalent among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and seriously affect the patients' quality of life. However, most psychotropic drugs have warnings about potential side effects. Accordingly, safer effective alternatives are urgently demanded. Angina pectoris of CHD is considered as “chest stuffiness and heartache syndrome” in traditional Chinese medicine, with the major syndrome type named Qi stagnation and blood stasis. Qi-regulating and blood circulation-promoting therapy has increasingly shown unique advantages in CHD patients. This study investigated the efficacy of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction, a representative prescription of Qi-regulating and blood circulation-promoting therapy, on angina pectoris patients with depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were stratified at baseline in 30 patients with stable angina pectoris who participated in both baseline and 12-week follow-up studies. After performing a stratified analysis, the angina pectoris-specific health status and traditional Chinese medicine “chest stuffiness and heartache syndrome” were evaluated by self-reports using the associated questionnaire scales, respectively. We measured serum concentrations of serotonin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and ATP, which are associated with the development of depression. We found that the Xuefu Zhuyu granule significantly improved the angina pectoris-specific health status in patients after 12 weeks of treatment; specifically, it had a better curative effect on patients with depressive symptoms. Xuefu Zhuyu granule also significantly improved the chest stuffiness and heartache syndrome in patients with depressive symptoms (efficacy index is 61.24%, P < 0.05 versus baseline). Interestingly, Xuefu Zhuyu granule has been found to be more susceptible to improving ATP levels in patients with depressive symptoms, indicating that the improvement in serum ATP levels might account for the better efficacy of Xuefu Zhuyu granule in patients with depressive symptoms. Our data provide prospective evidence that Xuefu Zhuyu granule improves angina pectoris-specific health status through regulating Qi and promoting blood circulation. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-IOR-15006989.
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Al Karaki G, Hallit S, Malaeb D, Kheir N, Sacre H, Salameh P, Hallit R. Prevalence and Factors Associated with Insomnia Among a Representative Sample of the Lebanese Population: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2021; 10:124-130. [PMID: 32538027 PMCID: PMC7310781 DOI: 10.2991/jegh.k.200117.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of the study were to identify the prevalence of insomnia among a representative sample of the Lebanese population and to assess potential factors associated with insomnia among this group. A cross-sectional study was done in the Lebanese population from August 2017 to April 2018 enrolling 789 participants using a proportionate random sample from all five Lebanese governorates. Participants filled a self-administered Arabic questionnaire. The Athens Insomnia Scale was used to diagnose insomnia. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale were used to measure depression and anxiety, respectively. The prevalence of insomnia was 47.1% in the population sampled. The mean age of the participants was 37 years (64% females). Death in the family [adjusted odds ratio (aORa) = 1.59], drinking caffeine before sleep more than 2 days per week compared to none (aORa = 1.57), increased stress (aORa = 1.03), increased depression (aORa = 1.14), and anxiety scores (aORa = 1.07) were associated with higher odds of insomnia. The prevalence of insomnia was very high in the Lebanese population, and it was mainly associated with modifiable, treatable risk factors. Improved knowledge and adequate screening for insomnia are needed to promote better sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Al Karaki
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Diana Malaeb
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Life Sciences and Health Department, Paris-Est University, Paris, France
| | - Nelly Kheir
- Faculty of Pedagogy, Holy Family University, Batroun 5534, Lebanon
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Drug Information Center, Lebanese Order of Pharmacists, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rabih Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
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25
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Barbar S, Haddad C, Sacre H, Dagher D, Akel M, Kheir N, Salameh P, Hallit S, Obeid S. Factors associated with problematic social media use among a sample of Lebanese adults: The mediating role of emotional intelligence. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:1313-1322. [PMID: 33217009 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the relationship of smoking (cigarettes or waterpipe), alcohol drinking, alexithymia, self-esteem, anxiety, depression, stress, social phobia, emotional intelligence, impulsivity, insomnia, physical health, and loneliness with problematic social media use (PSMU) in a sample of Lebanese citizens. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 466 participants (January-May 2019). RESULTS Higher anxiety, alcohol use disorder, and social phobia were correlated with elevated PSMU, while older age was associated with lower PSMU. Emotional intelligence partially mediated the association between alexithymia and PSMU by 4.55%. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Since these manifestations are preventable, spreading awareness through our schools, educational programs, and even healthcare professionals would considerably reduce the pace at which young adults are transforming into anxious and distorted individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Barbar
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Departments of Research and Psychology, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Dina Dagher
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nelly Kheir
- Departments of Research and Psychology, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Departments of Research and Psychology, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
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26
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Zakhour M, Haddad C, Sacre H, Tarabay C, Zeidan RK, Akel M, Hallit R, Kheir N, Obeid S, Salameh P, Hallit S. Differences in the Associations between Body Dissatisfaction and Eating Outcomes by Gender? A Lebanese Population Study. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2021; 69:134-144. [PMID: 33965268 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the interaction between body dissatisfaction and gender on eating disorders (restrained eating, binge eating, orthorexia nervosa, and emotional eating) among a sample of Lebanese adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study, conducted between January and May 2018, enrolled 811 participants selected randomly from all Lebanese Mohafazat. The mean age of the participants was 27.6±11.8 years. The majority were females (66.5%), had a high level of education (73.2%), and low income (77.9%). This study used the following scales: body dissatisfaction subscale of the Eating Disorder Inventory-second version, binge eating scale, Dutch restrained eating scale, orthorexia nervosa scale (ORTHO-15 scale), emotional eating scale, perceived stress scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. RESULTS Body dissatisfaction was positively correlated to restrained eating (r=0.293, P<0.001), emotional eating (r=0.073, P=0.042) and binge eating (r=0.250, P<0.001). The interaction between body dissatisfaction and gender was significantly associated with more restrained eating (Beta=0.01, P<0.001) and orthorexia nervosa (Beta=-0.09, P<0.001), but not with emotional (Beta=-0.43, P=0.103) and binge eating (Beta=-0.08, P=0.358). When stratifying the analysis by gender, the results revealed that higher body dissatisfaction was significantly associated with more restrained eating in both genders, but particularly among women. Body dissatisfaction was significantly associated with higher emotional eating in men only and with higher orthorexia nervosa tendencies and behaviors in females only. CONCLUSION The interaction between body dissatisfaction and gender was significantly associated with orthorexia nervosa and restrained eating but not with binge or emotional eating. Higher body dissatisfaction was significantly associated with higher restrained eating, more pronounced in women, while it was significantly associated with higher orthorexia tendencies (lower ORTO-15 scores) in women only. Body dissatisfaction was associated with emotional eating in men only.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zakhour
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - C Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon,INSERM, Univ. Limoges, CH Esquirol Limoges, IRD, U1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, GEIST, Limoges, France,INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - H Sacre
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - C Tarabay
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - R K Zeidan
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon,CERIPH: Center for Research in Public Health, Pharmacoepidemiology Surveillance Unit, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon,Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - M Akel
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon,School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - R Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - N Kheir
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - S Obeid
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon,INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - P Salameh
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon,University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - S Hallit
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
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27
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Rahme C, Obeid S, Sacre H, Haddad C, Hallit R, Salameh P, Hallit S. Emotional eating among Lebanese adults: scale validation, prevalence and correlates. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:1069-1078. [PMID: 32946037 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-01001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed at developing an Arabic version of the Emotional Eating Scale (EES) and examining its reliability and validity among a sample of the Lebanese population. The secondary objective was to evaluate the correlation between emotional eating and body dissatisfaction along with depression and/or self-esteem among a representative sample of the Lebanese population. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and May 2018. The sample was drawn proportionately from all Lebanese Mohafazat. RESULTS All items could be extracted from the list, except items 17 and 19. The EES items converged over a solution of four factors that had an Eigenvalue over 1, explaining a total of 67.06% of the variance (KMO = 0.939; Bartlett's test of sphericity p < 0.001; αCronbach = 0.952). A higher body dissatisfaction was significantly associated with higher emotional eating (β = 0.31) and lower self-esteem (β = - 0.054); however, no significant association was found with depression. Self-esteem and depression were not found to be significantly associated with emotional eating. When introducing depression and self-esteem as mediator factors for body dissatisfaction and emotional eating, body dissatisfaction did not remain significantly associated with emotional eating. CONCLUSION In this study, the Emotional Eating Scale was validated in Arabic among the Lebanese adult population, making this scale usable in further Lebanese research. Moreover, our results showed that body dissatisfaction was positively correlated with emotional eating and self-esteem, but not with depression. A positive association between body dissatisfaction and emotional eating was also demonstrated. This research offers new perspectives for the evaluation of emotional eating among the Lebanese adult population. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V Cross-sectional descriptive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Rahme
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon. .,Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jall-Eddib, Lebanon. .,INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jall-Eddib, Lebanon.,Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, INSERM, Univ. Limoges, CHU Esquirol, IRD, GEIST, U1094, Limoges, France
| | - Rabih Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon. .,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
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Farchakh Y, Hallit R, Akel M, Chalhoub C, Hachem M, Hallit S, Obeid S. Nomophobia in Lebanon: Scale validation and association with psychological aspects. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249890. [PMID: 33878132 PMCID: PMC8057610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Nomophobia, an abbreviation of “No mobile phone phobia”, is characterized by the illogical fear of being detached from the mobile phone or unable to use it. Research have provided evidence of an association between increased cellular phone use and multiple health issues, such as anxiety, depression, insomnia, and others. To our knowledge, there are no Lebanese studies about nomophobia, despite the high incorporation rate of mobile phones in Lebanon and the likelihood of suffering from anxiety, depression, and other conditions due to nomophobic attitudes. The study objectives were to validate and confirm psychometric properties of the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) and examine the associations between particular psychological conditions (anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia and impulsivity) and nomophobia among a representative sample of Lebanese people. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out between January and July 2019. It enrolled 2260 residents of the community randomly selected from Lebanon’s Mohafazat. Two villages per sub-district and households from each village were chosen using a random sampling technique. A questionnaire was distributed randomly to the households. SPSS version 25 was used to perform the statistical analysis. A multinomial regression was computed taking the nomophobia categories as the dependent variable (and taking the absence of nomophobia as the reference category) and all variables that showed a significant association in the bivariate analysis as independent variables. Results A total of 2260 (80.71%) out of 2800 questionnaires distributed was collected back. The mean age of the participants was 27.98 ± 9.66 years (58.8% females). Moreover, the mean nomophobia score was 71.56 ± 26.92 (median = 71; minimum = 14; maximum = 140). The results showed that 46 (2.0%) had no nomophobia, 769 (34.1%) mild nomophobia [95% CI 0.322–0.361], 1089 (48.3%) moderate nomophobia [95% CI 0.463–0.504] and 349 (15.5%) severe nomophobia [95% CI 0.140–0.170]. Items of the nomophobia scale converged over a solution of three factors that had an Eigenvalue over 1 (Factor 1 = emotions associated to losing connectedness, Factor 2 = not being able to communicate, Factor 3 = not being able to access information; total variance explained = 66.65%, and Cronbach’s alpha = 0.948). The results of a multinomial regression, taking the nomophobia score as the dependent variable, showed that higher age was significantly associated with lower odds of having mild (aOR = 0.97), moderate (aOR = 0.93) and severe (aOR = 0.97) nomophobia respectively. Higher anxiety (aOR = 1.09) and higher insomnia (aOR = 1.04) were significantly associated with higher odds of having severe nomophobia. Conclusion The results suggest a positive correlation between nomophobia and psychological conditions. There is a need for longitudinal and prospective studies that furnish information with regards of the impact of time on the variables measured, in order to better understand the nature, causes, and attributes of nomophobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Farchakh
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Rabih Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Clarissa Chalhoub
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Maria Hachem
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon
- * E-mail: (SH); (SO)
| | - Sahar Obeid
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
- * E-mail: (SH); (SO)
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Obeid S, Haddad C, Sacre H, Akel M, Chalhoub C, Rahme C, Abi Doumit C, Akiki M, Hallit S, Salameh P. The Lebanese Depression Scale: A scale to screen for depression in the Lebanese population. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:620-626. [PMID: 32686132 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To create a Lebanese Depression Scale (LDS) and evaluate its performance on a group of Lebanese individuals. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis enrolled 997 residents (January-December 2018). RESULTS The elements in the Lebanese Depression Scale-19 items (LDS-19) scale converged over a combination of four factors (αCronbach = .864). The correlation was positive between the LDS-19 and both the Hamilton Anxiety Scale score (r = .637; P < .001) and Lebanese Anxiety Scale score (r = .694; P < .001). According to the receiver-operating characteristics curve, the optimal score for the LDS-19 scale, which was a cutoff between healthy controls and depressive patients, was 18.50 (80.3% and 75.8%, respectively); the scale's positive predictive value was 31.0%, while the negative predictive value was 96.5%. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The LDS-19 is a useful tool to screen for depression in the Lebanese population, in both clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Obeid
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,UMR 1094, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale, Institut d'Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, GEIST, University De Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Clarissa Chalhoub
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Clara Rahme
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Carla Abi Doumit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Maria Akiki
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Kahwagi RM, Zeidan RK, Haddad C, Hallit R, Sacre H, Kheir N, Salameh P, Obeid S, Hallit S. Emotion regulation among Lebanese adults: Validation of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and association with attachment styles. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:809-820. [PMID: 32936945 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Validate the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and evaluate factors associated with emotion regulation among Lebanese adults. METHODS A proportionate random sample of 811 participants was chosen from all Lebanese governorates in this cross-sectional study. FINDINGS The principal component analysis of the ERQ items yielded two factors (αCronbach = 0.764 and 0.658 for the Cognitive Reappraisal and Expressive Suppression facets, respectively). Higher secure attachment style was linked to higher cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. Higher anxious attachment style and anxiety were associated with lower cognitive reappraisal. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The Arabic version of the ERQ is a suitable tool for the assessment of emotion regulation tendencies in clinical practice and research. The study came up with results similar to the ones given by many international studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reine-Marie Kahwagi
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Rouba K Zeidan
- Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon.,Pharmacoepidemiology Surveillance Unit, CERIPH: Center for Research in Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Departments of Research and Psychology, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Rabih Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nelly Kheir
- Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Departments of Research and Psychology, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
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Malaeb D, Salameh P, Barbar S, Awad E, Haddad C, Hallit R, Sacre H, Akel M, Obeid S, Hallit S. Problematic social media use and mental health (depression, anxiety, and insomnia) among Lebanese adults: Any mediating effect of stress? Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:539-549. [PMID: 32633428 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the association between problematic social media use with depression, anxiety, insomnia, and stress in a sample of young Lebanese adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was achieved between January and May 2019; 466 out of 600 adults completed the questionnaire. RESULTS Higher problematic social media use was significantly associated with higher depression, anxiety, and insomnia, but not stress. Stress mediated the relation between depression, anxiety, insomnia, and problematic social media use. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS This study showed that problematic social media use was associated with psychological disorders. Additional research is needed to identify and describe the potential causality between the use of social media and various mental health issues and the interplay between the social media network and other mental health factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Malaeb
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Life Sciences and Health Department, Paris-Est University, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Sam Barbar
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Emmanuelle Awad
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale, Institut d'Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, GEIST, Université de Limoges, UMR 1094, Limoges, France
| | - Rabih Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
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Dagher M, Farchakh Y, Barbar S, Haddad C, Akel M, Hallit S, Obeid S. Association between problematic social media use and memory performance in a sample of Lebanese adults: the mediating effect of anxiety, depression, stress and insomnia. Head Face Med 2021; 17:6. [PMID: 33622360 PMCID: PMC7901207 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-021-00260-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological factors such as depression, anxiety, stress and insomnia and problematic social media use are able to alter our memories and might have an impact on memory function and retrieval. More studies are needed to better understand the relationship between memory performance and mental health disorders, especially the ones that could be related to problematic social media use. The objective of this study was to evaluate any association between problematic social media use, depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia vs memory performance among a representative sample of Lebanese people. METHODS This cross-sectional study, conducted between January and May 2019, enrolled 466 community dwelling participants using a proportionate random sample from all Lebanese governorates. The questionnaire consisted of the following measures: the Memory Awareness Rating Scale (MARS) to assesses views of memory performance, the problematic social media use scale to measure the degree of addiction to social media, the Hamilton depression rating scale and Hamilton anxiety scale to assess depression and anxiety respectively, the Beirut Distress Scale to assess stress and the Lebanese Insomnia sale to assess insomnia. The data analysis was performed using the SPSS software version 25. A linear regression was conducted, taking the memory performance scale as the dependent variable. A mediation analysis was performed to test the effect of problematic social media use on memory performance mediated by depression, anxiety, stress and insomnia. RESULTS Higher problematic social media use (Beta = - 0.21) and higher anxiety (Beta = - 0.25) were significantly associated with lower memory performance. The association between problematic social media use and memory performance was partially mediated by anxiety (21.19%) but not depression, stress or insomnia. CONCLUSION Concerning problematic social media use, a clear correlation was demonstrated in this study linking it to lower memory performances. Future studies should evaluate the possible mechanisms and methods for effective awareness especially towards the younger generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Dagher
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Youssef Farchakh
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Sam Barbar
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Univ. Limoges, UMR 1094, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale, Institut d'Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, GEIST, 87000, Limoges, France
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Building 560, Street 8, Biakout, Beirut, Lebanon
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Building 560, Street 8, Biakout, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Building 560, Street 8, Biakout, Beirut, Lebanon.
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
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Zakhour M, Haddad C, Sacre H, Fares K, Akel M, Obeid S, Salameh P, Hallit S. Suicidal ideation among Lebanese adults: scale validation and correlates. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:100. [PMID: 33593321 PMCID: PMC7888108 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the World Health Organization (WHO) figures in 2015, the number of people attempting suicide worldwide per year exceeds 800,000 individuals. The majority of completed suicides (78%) occur in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, this study aimed to validate the suicidal ideation subscale of the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale and evaluate risk factors (emotional intelligence, alexithymia, anxiety, depression, and stress) related to suicidal ideation among the Lebanese adult population. METHODS A structured cross-sectional survey was carried out between November 2017 and March 2018, enrolling a proportionate random sample of 789 community-dwelling participants from all the Lebanese regions. A correlation analysis between the C-SSRS and anxiety and depression assessed the convergent validity of the scale. An exploratory and a confirmatory factor analysis validated its construct. Cronbach's alpha was used to assess internal consistency reliability. Multiple linear regression was performed using the suicidal ideation score as the dependent variable. All variables were included in the multivariable model. RESULTS The C-SSRS scale converged over a solution of one factor; the proportion of explained variance was 0.797. The Cronbach's alpha value was good (0.797). The convergent validity was tested with depression and anxiety scales. The results showed a moderate positive correlation between the suicide ideation score and depression (rho = 0.507, p < 0.001) and anxiety (rho = 0.402, p < 0.001). The multivariable analysis showed that higher depression (Unstandardized Beta, B = 0.035, p < 0.001), higher anxiety (B = 0.015, p = 0.008), and higher alcohol dependence (B = 0.024, p < 0.001) were significantly linked to higher suicidal ideation score. However, higher self-esteem (B = -0.041, p = 0.006) was significantly associated with lower suicidal ideation scores. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the Arabic version of the C-SSRS subscale could serve as an appropriate assessment tool for suicidal ideation. This paper also gave insights into factors correlated with higher suicidal ideation scores, such as depression, anxiety, and alcohol dependence. Further studies are necessary to confirm our findings and implement suicide prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Zakhour
- grid.411324.10000 0001 2324 3572Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- grid.9966.00000 0001 2165 4861INSERM, University Limoges, CH Esquirol, IRD, U1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, GEIST, Limoges, France
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kassandra Fares
- grid.444434.70000 0001 2106 3658Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon ,grid.444421.30000 0004 0417 6142School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon. .,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon. .,Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jall-Eddib, Lebanon.
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon ,grid.411324.10000 0001 2324 3572Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon ,grid.413056.50000 0004 0383 4764Faculty of Medicine, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Souheil Hallit
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon. .,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
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Rahme C, Haddad C, Akel M, Khoury C, Obeid H, Obeid S, Hallit S. Factors associated with violence against women in a representative sample of the Lebanese population: results of a cross-sectional study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2021; 24:63-72. [PMID: 32008070 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-020-01022-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the prevalence of violence against women (VAW) and assess factors associated with VAW among a representative sample of the Lebanese population. This cross-sectional study was carried out between September and December 2018. Participants from all Lebanese governorates were enrolled in this study using a proportionate random sample. The percentages of women who were exposed to physical and non-physical abuse were 37.1% and 49.4% respectively. Factors associated with physical abuse were being divorced, having a partner addicted to substances and alcohol, or with a history of threats, violence, assaults, and crimes, higher stressful life experiences, and abuse reported from childhood (physical, sexual, or psychological). Non-physical abuse was associated with abuse reported from childhood (physical, sexual, or psychological), higher stressful life experiences, and the fact that the partner is addicted to substances and alcohol, or has a history of threats. Our results suggest that being divorced, illiterate, and unemployed, having an addicted partner, and having experienced child abuse are all factors that are associated with more violence against women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Rahme
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,UMR 1094, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale, Institut d'Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, GEIST, University Limoges, 87000, Limoges, France
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chloe Khoury
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Hala Obeid
- Université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne, Paris, France
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon. .,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon. .,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
| | - Souheil Hallit
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon. .,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
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Obeid S, Haddad C, Fares K, Malaeb D, Sacre H, Akel M, Salameh P, Hallit S. Correlates of emotional intelligence among Lebanese adults: the role of depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, alcohol use disorder, alexithymia and work fatigue. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:18. [PMID: 33509287 PMCID: PMC7844942 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00525-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relationship between emotional intelligence and emotional variables such as stress, depression, anxiety and mental health has been well documented in child and adult samples. New insights into the association between emotional intelligence and different components of mental health in one study (cognitive, emotional and behavioral dimensions) can help patients, therapists, relatives, and friends to understand, explain, and cope with symptoms. There have been no studies assessing the association between the emotional intelligence (EI) with various factors in Lebanon. This study principal aim was to evaluate how EI is related to mental health issues: social anxiety, depression, alcohol use disorders (AUD), work fatigue, stress and alexithymia in Lebanon. METHODS 789 participants were enrolled in a cross-sectional study between November 2017 and March 2018. A cluster analysis was used to evaluate participants' profiles with the help of emotional intelligence subscales, to separate the Lebanese population into equal limited units with different characteristics using the K-mean technique. RESULTS Three clusters were computed dividing participants into low EI (cluster 1; 24.5%), moderate EI (cluster 2; 43.7%) and high EI (cluster 3; 31.7%) respectively. Fitting into the cluster 1 (low EI) was significantly associated with higher AUD, alexithymia, anxiety, depression, perceived stress, social phobia, emotional, mental and physical work fatigue, suicidal ideation compared to cluster 3 (high EI). Fitting into the cluster 2 (moderate EI) was significantly correlated with higher AUD, depression, alexithymia, anxiety, perceived stress, social phobia, mental work fatigue and suicidal ideation compared to cluster 3 (high EI). CONCLUSION This study results suggest that emotional intelligence is related to different variables, warranting interventions to limit/decrease alcohol abuse and mental/psychological illnesses as much possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Obeid
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon. .,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon. .,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie - Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Université de Limoges, UMR 1094, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale, Institut d'Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, GEIST, 87000, Limoges, France
| | - Kassandra Fares
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Diana Malaeb
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Life Sciences and Health Department, Paris-Est University, Paris, France
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie - Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie - Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie - Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie - Liban, Beirut, Lebanon. .,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
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Medication adherence for secondary stroke prevention and its barriers among lebanese survivors: A cross-sectional study. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Youssef L, Hallit R, Akel M, Kheir N, Obeid S, Hallit S. Social media use disorder and alexithymia: Any association between the two? Results of a cross-sectional study among Lebanese adults. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:20-26. [PMID: 32239534 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To learn more about the association between social media use disorder and alexithymia among Lebanese people. DESIGN/METHODS Four hundred fifty-six residents participated in this cross-sectional study which was carried out between January and December 2018. FINDINGS The results showed that 107 (23.7%) participants were classified as having social media use disorder. Higher social media use disorder score (β = .52), higher perceived stress (β = .35), and higher depression (β = .12) were significantly associated with more alexithymia. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Our results have shown that social media use disorder and being depressed and stressed were associated with higher levels of alexithymia. Psychologists/health practitioners can benefit from these findings in their future prevention and intervention plans. People who negatively utilize social media platforms can then be offered with appropriate counseling and coping mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Youssef
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Notre Dame University, Zouk, Lebanon
| | - Rabih Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nelly Kheir
- Faculty of Pedagogy, Holy Family University, Batroun, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Departments of Research and Psychology, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
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Kroc E. Measurement protocols, random-variable-valued measurements, and response process error: Estimation and inference when sample data are not deterministic. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239821. [PMID: 33002051 PMCID: PMC7529193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Random-variable-valued measurements (RVVMs) are proposed as a new framework for treating measurement processes that generate non-deterministic sample data. They operate by assigning a probability measure to each observed sample instantiation of a global measurement process for some particular random quantity of interest, thus allowing for the explicit quantification of response process error. Common methodologies to date treat only measurement processes that generate fixed values for each sample unit, thus generating full (though possibly inaccurate) information on the random quantity of interest. However, many applied research situations in the non-experimental sciences naturally contain response process error, e.g. when psychologists assess patient agreement with various diagnostic survey items or when conservation biologists perform formal assessments to classify species-at-risk. Ignoring the sample-unit-level uncertainty of response process error in such measurement processes can greatly compromise the quality of resulting inferences. In this paper, a general theory of RVVMs is proposed to handle response process error, and several applications are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Kroc
- Measurement, Evaluation, and Research Methodology Program, Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Obeid S, Lahoud N, Haddad C, Sacre H, Akel M, Fares K, Salameh P, Hallit S. Factors associated with depression among the Lebanese population: Results of a cross-sectional study. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2020; 56:956-967. [PMID: 32314394 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with depression in a representative sample of the Lebanese population. DESIGN/METHODS A cross-sectional study, conducted between November 2017 and March 2018, enrolled 789 participants. Depression was measured using the Arabic version of the Hamilton Depression Scale. RESULTS The participants' mean age was 30.30 ± 12.52 years (54.8% males). More than half of the participants had depressive symptoms (59.7%). Anxiety (β = .457), alcohol dependence (β = .290), suicidal ideation (β = 1.427), high socioeconomic status (β = 1.910), being widowed (β = 4.564), and physical work fatigue (β = .090) were significantly associated with higher depression. Higher social emotional awareness was significantly associated with lower depression (β = -.176). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS This study sheds light on high levels of psychological distress and depression among the Lebanese general population and suggests potential preventative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Obeid
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nathalie Lahoud
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,UMR 1094, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale, Institut d'Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, GEIST, Univ. Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Drug Information Center, Order of Pharmacists of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon.,UMR 1094, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale, Institut d'Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, GEIST, Univ. Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Kassandra Fares
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
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Validation of the Arabic version of the Eating Attitude Test in Lebanon: a population study. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:4132-4143. [PMID: 32895080 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020002955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To validate an Arabic version of the Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) and identify factors (such as depression, stress, anxiety and body dissatisfaction) that might be associated with disordered eating among a sample of the Lebanese population. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING All Lebanese governorates. PARTICIPANTS A total of 811 participants randomly selected participated in this 5-month study (January-May 2018). RESULTS The EAT-26 scale items converged over a solution of six factors that had an eigenvalue over 1, explaining a total of 60·07 % of the variance (Cronbach's α = 0·895). The prevalence of disordered eating attitudes was 23·8 %. Higher EAT-26 scores (disordered eating attitudes) were significantly associated with higher depression (β = 0·325), higher emotional eating (β = 0·083), daily weighing (β = 3·430), higher physical activity (β = 0·05), starving to reduce weight (β = 4·94) and feeling pressure from TV/magazine to lose weight (β = 3·95). CONCLUSIONS The Arabic version of EAT-26 can be a useful instrument for screening and assessing disordered eating attitudes in clinical practice and research. Some factors seem to be associated with more disordered eating attitudes among participants for whom psychological counseling may be needed. Yet, our findings are considered preliminary, and further studies are warranted to confirm them.
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Slim M, Haddad C, Sfeir E, Rahme C, Hallit S, Obeid S. Factors influencing women's sex work in a Lebanese sample: results of a case-control study. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2020; 20:193. [PMID: 32891151 PMCID: PMC7487794 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-020-01062-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many constituents contribute to the rise of sex work in Lebanon such as the socio-economic situation in the country (poverty, increased unemployment rates, and religious divisions), as well as the political and social instability. Several emotional and psychological factors such as depression, stress, anxiety, low self-esteem, emotional abuse, may force some people to rely on trading sex as a coping strategy for persevering. Therefore, it was deemed interesting to explore and understand factors that are correlated with sex work in Lebanon where no study, to our knowledge, has been written on this critical point. The objective of the study was to assess factors (such as trauma, child abuse, partner abuse, depression, anxiety, and stress) associated with women joining sex work among a sample of the Lebanese population. METHODS A case-control study was conducted on a group of women (60 sex workers recruited from a prison for women) involved in sex work matched for age and sex with a control group (60 non-sex workers). Controls were chosen from the same prison population as the sex workers. RESULTS A logistic regression was conducted, taking being a sex worker vs not as the dependent variable; independent factors were sociodemographic characteristics, child (psychological, neglect, physical and verbal) and inter partner violence (physical and non-physical), depression, anxiety and stress. Higher anxiety (aOR = 1.08) and higher inter partner physical violence (aOR = 1.02) were altogether related with higher chances of being a sex worker. CONCLUSION This study proposes an association between child abuse, inter partner violence, alcohol consumption, anxiety, and sex work. Future research may also need to contemplate other factors not examined here, including parental substance use, personality traits, and many others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Slim
- Faculty of Philosophy and Human Sciences, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Elsa Sfeir
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,Department of Pediatrics, Notre-Dame des Secours University Hospital, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Clara Rahme
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon. .,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie- Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie- Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
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Hobeika E, Hallit S, Sacre H, Obeid S, Hajj A, Salameh P. Factors associated with empathy among community pharmacists in Lebanon. J Pharm Policy Pract 2020; 13:32. [PMID: 32817799 PMCID: PMC7427059 DOI: 10.1186/s40545-020-00237-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Empathy is the cornerstone of the relationship between the healthcare provider and the patient. In Lebanon, no studies have investigated the factors associated with empathy among community pharmacists. Hence, the importance of this research to better understand empathy and help community pharmacists with this vital aspect of their practice. Objective This study aimed to evaluate empathy and possible factors associated with it among Lebanese community pharmacists. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out between March and July 2018. It enrolled a proportionate random sample of 435 community pharmacists from all Lebanese districts. The Epi info software calculated the minimum sample size, based on a total number of 3762 community pharmacists, with an expected frequency of 50% of pharmacists with low empathy, and a 95% confidence interval. The minimal sample size required was 350 community pharmacists; our sample size was 435 to account for missing values. Results Our results revealed that 228 (53.4%) pharmacists had low empathy. Lower empathy was significantly associated with more physical (Beta = − 0.331) and mental (Beta = − 0.126) work fatigue, higher age (Beta = − 0.125) and a practice experience between 3 years and less than 6 years compared to less than 6 months (Beta = − 2.440). Conclusion This study shed the light on some factors associated with empathy among Lebanese community pharmacists. Low empathy levels were significantly associated with factors such as age, practice experience, and mental and physical work fatigue, all of which impact the practice, as the accepted model of pharmacy practice requires that pharmacists establish effective communication and use interpersonal skills. Therefore, developing empathetic communication skills is considered essential. Furthermore, increased mental and physical work fatigue should not hinder community pharmacists’ access to self-care, whether for their mental or physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hobeika
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Drug Information Center, Order of Pharmacists of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Departments of Psychology and Research, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Aline Hajj
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacy and Quality Control of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pôle Technologie-Santé (PTS), Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, 1107 2180 Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, 1107 2180 Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
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Obeid S, Sacre H, Haddad C, Akel M, Fares K, Zakhour M, Kheir N, Salameh P, Hallit S. Factors associated with fear of intimacy among a representative sample of the Lebanese population: The role of depression, social phobia, self-esteem, intimate partner violence, attachment, and maladaptive schemas. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2020; 56:486-494. [PMID: 31549436 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess fear of intimacy (FOI) in the Lebanese population, and its correlates such as depression, social phobia, self-esteem, attachment, and maladaptive schemas. DESIGN/METHODS This cross-sectional study, conducted between November 2017 and May 2018, enrolled 707 community-dwelling participants. RESULTS Higher FOI scores were associated with an increase in the defectiveness schema (β = 0.483), social phobia score (β = 0.16), mistrust schema (β = 0.519), vulnerability schema (β = 0.482), emotional deprivation schema (β = 0.548), attachment style D (dismissing) (β = 0.913) and failure schema, whereas lower FOI was significantly associated with an increase in the entitlement schema (β = -0.362), insufficient schema (β = -0.377), and the self-esteem score (β = -0.288). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Implementing educational programs are needed to enable persons to develop healthy intimate relationships, taking into account attachment styles and inappropriate early schemas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Obeid
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Philosophy and Human Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Drug Information Center, Lebanese Order of Pharmacists, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kassandra Fares
- Faculty of Science, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Maha Zakhour
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Nelly Kheir
- Faculty of Pedagogy, Holy Family University, 5534, Batroun, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
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Rahme D, Lahoud N, Sacre H, Akel M, Hallit S, Salameh P. Work fatigue among Lebanese community pharmacists: prevalence and correlates. Pharm Pract (Granada) 2020; 18:1844. [PMID: 32566046 PMCID: PMC7290180 DOI: 10.18549/pharmpract.2020.2.1844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess work fatigue and its associated factors among community pharmacists in Lebanon. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and July 2018. A proportionate sample of 435 community pharmacists was selected from all regions of Lebanon. A standardized self-administered questionnaire, distributed by trained interviewers, was used to assess the studied variables. Results: The results showed that 50.12% of the pharmacists had emotional work fatigue [95%CI 0.454-0.549], 55.01% had mental work fatigue [95%CI 0.503-0.597], and 54.78% had physical work fatigue [95%CI 0.501-0.595]. Higher mental work fatigue was significantly associated with higher stress (Beta=0.185) and having a master’s degree compared to a bachelor’s degree (Beta=2.23). Higher emotional work fatigue was significantly associated with higher stress (Beta=0.219), working more than 40 hours compared to ≤ 16 hours (Beta=2.742), and having 6 months to less than 1 year of practice compared to less than 6 months (Beta=-5.238). Higher physical work fatigue was significantly associated with higher stress (Beta=0.169) and having better soft skills (Beta=-0.163). Conclusions: Work-related fatigue is high among community pharmacists and touches all aspects: physical, mental, and emotional. In our study, community pharmacists’ fatigue levels were associated with educational level, years of experience, working hours, stress, depression, and soft skills, while no relation was found with gender, age, position in the pharmacy, and economic status. Interventions are recommended to tackle this public health problem that affects pharmacists, and eventually, patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deema Rahme
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut (Lebanon).
| | - Nathalie Lahoud
- Pharmacoepidemiology Surveillance Unit, Center for Research in Public Health (CERIPH), Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University. Fanar (Lebanon).
| | - Hala Sacre
- National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology & Toxicology (INSPECT-LB). Beirut (Lebanon).
| | - Marwan Akel
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University. Beirut (Lebanon).
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine & Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh (Lebanon).
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Mohamed II, Ahmad HEK, Hassaan SH, Hassan SM. Assessment of anxiety and depression among substance use disorder patients: a case-control study. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43045-020-00029-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Several evidences from epidemiologic and treatment studies indicate that anxiety disorders, depression, and substance use disorders commonly co-occur, and the interaction is multifaceted and variable. Epidemiological studies and investigations within clinical substance abuse populations have found an association between anxiety disorders, depression, and substance use disorders.
Results
The mean age was 28.1 ± 6.5 years. The majority belonged to the moderate socioeconomic status (52%). Substance use disorder (SUD) patients expressed higher levels of anxiety and depression in comparison to the control group. Most of the study group (97%) expressed different levels of anxiety. Eighty percent of them expressed high and moderate anxiety levels, and 20% of caregivers were having mild anxiety levels. Ninety-three percent of the substance users expressed different levels of depression, either mild 12%, moderate 9%, or severe 72%. The Drug Use Disorder Identification Test scores were positively correlated with anxiety (r = 0.256 and p = 0.010) and depression (r = 0.330 and p = 0.001). Moreover, it was found that anxiety and depression are positively correlated with each other’s (r = 0.630 and p = 0.001).
Conclusion
Substance use disorders are associated with high levels of anxiety and depression. More specifically, it is associated with severe depression and anxiety. There is an obvious association between the presence of anxiety and depression on the one hand and the severity of drug-related problems on the other hand. Depression and anxiety are commonly present together in patients with SUDs.
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Youssef L, Hallit R, Kheir N, Obeid S, Hallit S. Social media use disorder and loneliness: any association between the two? Results of a cross-sectional study among Lebanese adults. BMC Psychol 2020; 8:56. [PMID: 32487222 PMCID: PMC7268264 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-020-00421-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Lebanon, it is already established that mental disorders are prevalent among the population. Lebanese people are active users of social media platforms. To date, no study has previously explored the relationship between mental health and social media use disorder in Lebanon. The present study aims to learn more about the link between social media use disorder and loneliness among Lebanese people. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out between January and December 2018. It enrolled 456 residents of the community randomly selected from Lebanon's governorates in a proportionate rate. RESULTS The results showed that 107 (23.7%) participants were classified as having social media use disorder. The results of a stepwise linear regression, taking the loneliness score as the dependent variable, showed that female gender compared to males (Beta = 0.42), having a secondary level of education compared to illiteracy (Beta = 0.65), higher social media use disorder (Beta = 0.03) and higher insomnia (Beta = 0.02) and alexithymia (Beta = 0.02) were significantly associated with higher loneliness. CONCLUSION The present study was able to contribute to the literature and showed the association between social media use disorder and loneliness. These findings can benefit psychologists and public health practitioners in their future prevention and intervention plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Youssef
- Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Notre Dame University, Notre Dame, Lebanon
| | - Rabih Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Nelly Kheir
- Faculty of Pedagogy, Holy Family University, Batroun, 5534, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Departments of Research and Psychology, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Wu P, Zheng Y, Fan X, Wang H, Deng X, Sun B, Huang P, Jin S, Chen Y, Bao Y. Predictors of caregiver burden in patients with neurologic Wilson disease. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520930156. [PMID: 32567965 PMCID: PMC7309392 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520930156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Caregiver burden in neurologic Wilson disease (NWD) has received little attention. We investigated predictors of caregiver burden in Chinese NWD patients. Methods Participants in this retrospective study were NWD patients admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 1 August to 31 December 2019. Sociodemographic information was recorded for caregivers and NWD patients. Caregiver burden was evaluated using the Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI). Cognitive impairment, functional problems, depression and anxiety were evaluated by professional interviewers. Path analysis was used to evaluate predictors of CBI scores. Results Sixty NWD patients were enrolled (mean age: 21.35 ± 4.89 years; mean NWD duration: 7.85 ± 3.11 years). The mean CBI score was 52.00 ± 17.16. Care duration had a significant direct effect on CBI score after controlling for confounders (r = 0.493). Cognitive impairment (r = −0.426), functional problems (r = 0.581), depression (r = 0.349) and anxiety (r = 0.317) had significant indirect effects on CBI score. Conclusion Caregivers of NWD patients may experience a medium level of caregiver burden. NWD duration, cognitive impairment, functional problems, depression and anxiety in NWD patients may be useful predictors of caregiver burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wu
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yanjun Zheng
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaolei Fan
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Honghao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxue Deng
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Bei Sun
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Shan Jin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yonghua Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yuancheng Bao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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Liang XX, Hao YG, Duan XM, Han XL, Cai XX. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for post-stroke depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2020; 195:105910. [PMID: 32474256 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.105910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Post-stroke depression (PSD) is common consequence of stroke. However, today the majority of PSD patients remains untreated or inadequately treated, especially in the developing countries. Herein, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate efficacy and safety of hyperbaric oxygen (HBOT) therapy for PSD. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seven electronic databases were comprehensively searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) from inception to May 2019. Outcome measures included response rate, depression severity, neurological deficit, physical disability and adverse events. RESULTS A total of 27 RCTs involving 2250 participants were identified. Patients in HBOT group had a higher response rate than patients in control group (response rate: 69.4% vs 51.2%, odds ratio [OR] = 2.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.83-3.43], P = 0.000). HBOT significantly reduced Hamilton Depression (HAMD) -17 item scores (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -4.33, 95% CI [-4.82 to -3.84], P = 0.000), HAMD-24 item scores (WMD = -4.31, 95% CI [-5.01 to -3.62], P = 0.000), National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (WMD = -2.77, 95% CI [-3.57 to -1.98], P = 0.000), Chinese Stroke Scale (CSS) scores (WMD = -3.75, 95% CI [-5.12 to -2.38], P = 0.000) and Modified Scandinavian Stroke Scale (MASSS) scores (WMD = -3.66, 95% CI [-6.26 to -1.06], P = 0.000). HBOT also improved Barthel Index (WMD = 10.68, 95% CI [7.98-13.37], P = 0.000). In subgroup analysis, Group A of studies with hemorrhage patients accounting for less than 20% achieved more reduction of HAMD 17-item score (WMD = -4.47, 95% CI [-5.17 to -3.77], P = 0.000) than Group B of studies with hemorrhage patients no less than 20% (WMD = -3.73, 95% CI [-4.20 to -3.26], P = 0.000). In addition, patents with HBOT along with antidepressants treatment achieve superior results than patients with antidepressants monotherapy. Patients with HBOT monotherapy achieve a slightly higher response rate than patients with antidepressants monotherapy (OR = 1.29, 95% CI [1.04-1.60], P = 0.000). Besides, HBOT group reported less adverse events (9.6%vs16.6%, P < 0.05). The most frequent side-effect of HBOT is ear pain (26 cases). CONCLUSION Based on our pooled analysis, HBOT is effective and safe therapeutic approach for PSD. However, results should be cautiously interpreted due to a relatively poor methodological quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Liang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beihua University Affiliated Hospital, Jilin 132011, China.
| | - You-Guo Hao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, Shanghai 200060, China.
| | - Xue-Ming Duan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beihua University Affiliated Hospital, Jilin 132011, China.
| | - Xiu-Lan Han
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital, Shanghai 200060, China.
| | - Xiu-Xia Cai
- Department of Neurology, Tongchuan City People's Hospital, Shanxi 727000, China.
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Khansa W, Haddad C, Hallit R, Akel M, Obeid S, Haddad G, Soufia M, Kheir N, Abi Elias Hallit C, Khoury R, Salameh P, Hallit S. Interaction between anxiety and depression on suicidal ideation, quality of life, and work productivity impairment: Results from a representative sample of the Lebanese population. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2020; 56:270-279. [PMID: 31321788 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the association between the interaction of anxiety and depression on the suicidal ideation, quality of life (QOL), and work productivity/impairment in Lebanon. DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS 1487 participants were enrolled between November 2017 and March 2018. RESULTS The interaction of anxiety and depression (β = .101), higher depression alone (β = .021), higher anxiety traits (STAI-B) (β = .007) were associated with higher suicidal ideation. Higher depression (β = 1.177), having more anxiety traits (STAI-B) (β = .485) and higher anxiety (STAI-A) (β = .298) were associated with higher activity impairment. Higher depression, higher anxiety traits and state, were associated with lower mental and physical QOL. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Screening for anxiety and depression can help clinicians improve patients' QOL and work productivity and decrease the suicidal ideation risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Khansa
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Rabih Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,Faculty of Philosophy and Human Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pedagogy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Georges Haddad
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Michel Soufia
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Nelly Kheir
- Faculty of Pedagogy, Universite de la Sainte Famille, Batroun, Lebanon
| | | | - Rony Khoury
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
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50
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Yaacoub H, Haddad C, Dib T, Zoghbi M, Assaad S, Obeid S, Sacre H, Hallit S, Kazour F. Posttraumatic stress disorders and depression among male inpatient adults involved in the Lebanese war. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2020; 56:263-269. [PMID: 31318076 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE to evaluate factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression in a sample of hospitalized Lebanese adult males who directly or indirectly were involved in armed conflicts. DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS Seventy-seven hospitalized males were enrolled between June and December 2016. The Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview were used to assess anxiety, depression, and PTSD. RESULTS Participation in war (adjusted odds ratio [ORa] = 6.35) and depression (ORa = 1.08) were associated with higher PTSD, whereas age (ORa = 0.94) and substance use (ORa = 0.19) were associated with lower PTSD. Anxiety (β = .87), substance use (β = 6.27) and PTSD (β = 8.78; P = .008) were associated with higher depression. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS People who experienced war conflicts (directly or indirectly) are more prone to suffer from mental health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Yaacoub
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Tania Dib
- Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marouan Zoghbi
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Shafika Assaad
- Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Philosophy and Human Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pedagogy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Drug Information Center, Order of Pharmacists of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Francois Kazour
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Philosophy and Human Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pedagogy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,INSERM U930, équipe 4 "Troubles Affectifs", Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, Tours, France
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