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Chen R, Xing C, Shen G, Jones KC, Zhu Y. Indirect Emissions from Organophosphite Antioxidants Result in Significant Organophosphate Ester Contamination in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:20304-20314. [PMID: 37978933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphite antioxidants (OPAs) have been seriously neglected as potential sources of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in environments. This study utilizes a modeling approach to quantify for the first time national emissions and multimedia distributions of triphenyl phosphate (TPHP)─a well-known flame retardant─and three novel OPEs: tris(2,4-ditert-butylphenyl) phosphate (AO168═O), bis(2,4-ditert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphate (AO626═O2), and trisnonylphenol phosphate (TNPP). Emphasis is on the quantitative assessment of OPA source in China. TPHP has 1.1-9.7 times higher emission (300 Mg/year in 2019 with half from OPA sources) than AO168═O (278 Mg/year), AO626═O2 (53 Mg/year), and TNPP (32 Mg/year), but AO168═O is predominant in environments (63-79%) except freshwaters. About 72-99% of the studied OPEs are emitted via air, with 88-99% ultimately distributed into soils as the major sink. OPA-source emissions contribute 9.5-57% and 4.7-56% of TPHP masses and concentrations (except in sediments) in different media, respectively. Both AO168═O and AO626═O2 exhibit high overall persistence ranging between 2 and 11 years. Source emissions and environmental concentrations are elevated in economically developed areas, while persistence is higher in northern areas, where precipitation and temperature are lower. This study shows the significance of the sources of OPA to OPE contamination, which supports chemical management of these substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongcan Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Changyue Xing
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guofeng Shen
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Kevin C Jones
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, U.K
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- SJTU-UNIDO Joint Institute of Inclusive and Sustainable Industrial Development, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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2
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Morais H, Cruzeiro C, Pardal MA, Cardoso PG. Baseline progestins characterization in surface waters of three main Portuguese estuaries. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115352. [PMID: 37573672 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic progestins are micropollutants of special concern, due to their growing use in human and veterinary therapies and their risks to aquatic life. Currently, there is a lack of environmental information on these compounds, worldwide. The main objective of this work was to characterize the levels of the most consumed progestins in Portugal. For that, Ria de Aveiro, Tagus estuary and Ria Formosa were sampled in a temporal perspective to evaluate levels of drospirenone (DRO), desogestrel (DSG), gestodene (GST) and levonorgestrel (LNG). Drospirenone and desogestrel were the most abundant progestins. In the North of Portugal, DSG was the most abundant (Aveiro: 193.9 ng L-1 in summer), while DRO was more representative in the South (Tagus: 178.9 ng L-1; Formosa: 125.7 ng L-1) and also in summer. These spatial differences can be associated with the hydrodynamics of each estuarine system as well as the distinct population and tourist levels associated with each site.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Morais
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Cruzeiro
- Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Germany
| | - M A Pardal
- CFE - Centre Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - P G Cardoso
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal.
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3
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Shen Z, Xia H, Zhang W, Peng H. On the coordination in diversity between water environmental capacity and regional development in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:29727-29742. [PMID: 36418826 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24239-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Water environment capacity has drew the attention of policymakers and stakeholders to sustainable development, and its dynamic changes are ultimately impacted by population, capital, and industrial clusters under regional development. Previous research, however, has not been able to completely comprehend it. In this paper, the authors use the Coupling Coordination Degree model and the Geodetector model to study the temporal and spatial evolution of water environment capacity and its driving mechanism based on regional development represented by regional function including urbanization function, ecological function, and agricultural function using the Three Gorges Reservoir area on county scale as a case study from 2000 to 2015. The results showed that (1) compared with 2000, 2005, and 2010, the water environment capacity of the whole reservoir area in 2015 was significantly improved. (2) The urban functions of each district and county are increasing in different years, and the dynamic changes of ecological and agricultural functions are obviously different. (3) The water environment capacity of districts and counties in the head area. There are significant disparities in the relationship between water environment capacity and regional function in various regions. Differences in water environment capacity are largely influenced by ecological function and the interaction driver of the proportion of agricultural function and urban function, which are typically the biggest of all the components. This suggests that regional development is a top priority in order to improve the operability of the water environmental capacity through more regulation, rules, and planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenling Shen
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Xia
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
- Changjiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co., Ltd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430010, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanshun Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.
- School of Water Resources and Hydropower, State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Development Strategy and Planning, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Peng
- School of Water Resources and Hydropower, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
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4
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Liu B, Wang S, Tang Y, Yan B. Prediction of wastewater discharge based on GRA-LSTM: a case study of Beijing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:24641-24653. [PMID: 36348237 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23971-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Water resources, as one of the indispensable resources for urban development, have become an important factor limiting the sustainable development of cities. In order to promote sustainable urban development, Beijing has set the work task of reaching 99% of urban and rural wastewater treatment rate from 2020 to 2035. Accurate prediction of future wastewater discharge is essential to achieve the target. For this reason, this study takes Beijing as the research object and constructs a combined prediction model based on gray relational analysis and long- and short-term memory (GRA-LSTM). Firstly, gray relational analysis (GRA) is used to analyze the correlation of the experimental data indicators affecting the amount of wastewater discharged in order to obtain experimental data indicators with stronger correlation. Secondly, the long short-term memory (LSTM) model was used to learn the characteristics of the key impact indicators and obtain the optimal model parameters. The results showed that the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) value of the combined GRA-LSTM model constructed in this study was 5.62%, and the prediction accuracy was higher than that of the other seven prediction models. Then, three scenarios with low, medium, and high dimensions were set to predict the wastewater discharge in Beijing from 2020 to 2035, and the prediction result that the wastewater discharge in Beijing will still continue to grow was obtained. Finally, in order to improve the water utilization rate and promote the sustainable development of the city, this study proposes relevant policy recommendations in terms of the unbalanced urban-rural development of Beijing's wastewater treatment capacity and the increase of recycled water usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingchun Liu
- School of management, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of management, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Tang
- School of management, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bo Yan
- School of management, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
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Li Z, Zhang X, Wang B, Shen G, Zhang Q, Zhu Y. Indoor exposure to selected flame retardants and quantifying importance of environmental, human behavioral and physiological parameters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155422. [PMID: 35461943 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Indoor exposure to organic flame retardants (FRs) has raised extensive concern due to associated adverse health effects. Indoor-exposure induced daily intakes of six widely used FRs individually ranged 0.002-611 ng/day and 0.02-463 ng/day, respectively, for adults and 2-6-year-old children; and resulting internal exposure levels ranged 0.1-159 and 2.1-4500 ng/g lipid, respectively. A proportion of 0.001-5.9% and 0.006-10.3% of individual FRs emitted into indoor air ultimately entered bodies of adults and children respectively. Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)phosphate dominated in emissions, whilst 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate dominated in human bodies. Hand-to-mouth contact was the most important exposure pathway for less volatile FRs including most brominated FRs, whilst inhalation was the predominant intake pathway of tris(2-chloroisopropyl)phosphate. Relative importance of 29 environmental, behavioral and physiological parameters was ranked to explore key drivers influencing exposure and accumulation of FRs in humans. Results suggested that frequent bathing and handwashing can reduce exposure effectively, especially for children. Bodyweight and lipid fraction were only positively related to internal accumulation and body-weight-normalized concentrations of compounds with low metabolic rates (half-lives ≥103 h) in humans. Our findings help control indoor exposure to FRs and are supportive of human exposome studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xianming Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guofeng Shen
- Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Big Data and Intelligent Decision-making, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; SJTU-UNIDO Joint Institute of Inclusive and Sustainable Industrial Development, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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6
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Long-Term Study of Monitoring History and Change Trends in Surface Water Quality in China. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14132134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the monitoring history and long-term change trends in surface water quality in China since the reform and opening up, the history of surface water environment monitoring is summarized, including monitoring scope, monitoring methods, and technical requirements. Temporal and spatial patterns of surface water quality in China were analyzed based on the monitoring results. In the past 40 years, the monitoring targets for surface water quality have been continuously improved, the frequency of monitoring has become more science-based, and the monitoring indicators are now comprehensive. Overall, the temporal change trend in surface water quality has followed a “fluctuating changes stage—rapid deterioration stage—fluctuations stalemate stage—rapid improvement stage” pattern. However, the current regional surface water quality is still in a polluted status, and there is a gap between surface water quality status and the goal of building a well-off society. At present, China’s surface water pollution is prone to high numbers of incidents and the treatment of surface water pollution has entered a crucial stage. The potential for the continuous reduction of major pollutant discharges has become more challenging, and the marginal cost for pollution control has increased. It is very difficult to comprehensively solve the outstanding water environment problems. In addition to strengthening the existing work on surface water quality control, it is also necessary to strengthen the work of risk identification, early warning, and regulation implementation of the surface water environment. During the 14th year plan period (2021–2025), the overall planning on water resources, water ecology, and water quality will be implemented, and beautiful rivers and lakes will be created.
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Chen Y, Wu R, Zhang L, Ling J, Yu W, Shen G, Du W, Zhao M. High spatial resolved cropland coverage and cultivation category determine neonicotinoid distribution in agricultural soil at the provincial scale. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 430:128476. [PMID: 35739663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Croplands are experiencing increasing neonicotinoid pollution and ecological health problems, which are especially widely applied in China. However, the large regional scale distribution of neonicotinoids and the key factors have seldom been determined. We show that the total residual concentration of neonicotinoids ranged from 13.4 to 157 ng/g with an average level of 75.8 ng/g and imidacloprid which was the dominant compound ranged from 10.4 to 81.3 ng/g during 2017-2021 in the Yangtze River Delta, China. In comparison, the neonicotinoid residues detected here were mostly higher than those in other regions. We further show that the 1-km spatial resolution cropland coverage (78.0%) and crop type (18.1%) predominantly contributed to the large spatial variation of neonicotinoids after adjusting for the factors including temperature, soil pH, soil moisture, and precipitation via automatic linear regression modeling at the provincial scale. Additional analyses revealed that tea croplands had significantly lowest concentration and fruit fields had the highest level due to the different application methods. Our findings provide new insight into key factors quantifying the high spatial resolved distribution of neonicotinoids and urgently call for reasonable application methods against rapidly growing ecology threats from neonicotinoid pollution in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Ruxin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Jun Ling
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Wenfei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Guofeng Shen
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei Du
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science &Technology, Kunming 650500, China; Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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8
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Tong Y, Qi M, Sun P, Qin W, Zhu Y, Wang X, Xu Y, Zhang W, Yang J. Estimation of Unintended Treated Wastewater Contributions to Streams in the Yangtze River Basin and the Potential Human Health and Ecological Risk Analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:5590-5601. [PMID: 35427135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
"Clean water and sanitation" is one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. One primary objective of wastewater treatment is to remove contaminants such as pathogens, nutrient, and organic matter from wastewater, while not all contaminants could be removed effectively. Wastewater treatment plants would inevitably represent concentrated point sources of residual contaminant loadings into surface waters. This study focuses on the populated Yangtze River Basin where emerging contaminants are frequently detected in the rivers in the recent years. A python-based ArcGIS model is developed to estimate the contributions of effluent discharges in water supply sources and quantify fate and environmental risks of human-derived contaminants in the river network. We find that one-third of the river networks are potentially influenced by the effluents through local or upstream inputs. Average fraction of unintended wastewater reuse in water supply intakes is estimated to be lower than 3% under the average flow scenario with an average traveling time of 0.05 day from the nearest effluent input site to water supply intakes. However, under low flow scenario, the percentage of effluent discharge would increase largely, leading to substantial increases in human health and ecological risks. This study provides a systematic investigation to understand extents of impacts of effluent inputs in river networks as well as identify the opportunities to improve the water management in the densely populated regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yindong Tong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Miao Qi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Peizhe Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Wanxiao Qin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanxue Xu
- Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China
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9
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Wang S, Huo Z, Gu J, Xu G. Benzophenones and synthetic progestin in wastewater and sediment from farms, WWTPs and receiving surface water: distribution, sources, and ecological risks. RSC Adv 2021; 11:31766-31775. [PMID: 35496845 PMCID: PMC9041579 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05333g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Farms and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are important sources of endocrine disruptors, which may have potential adverse effects on the nearby receiving river and potential human health risks. Benzophenone (BPs) and synthetic progestin were determined in water and sediment samples of the discharge source and receiving river. BPs and synthetic progestin ranged from not detected (N.D.) to 400.53 ng L−1 in water samples and from N.D. to 359.92 ng g−1 dw in sediment, respectively, and benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and ethinyl estradiol (EE2) were the main detected objects. Correlation analysis showed that pollutants discharged from livestock farms were the main contributor to the receiving river. The distribution of pollutants in different regions was related to higher population density and livestock activities. Predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) were investigated for ecological risk assessment in the study area, and 86% of the samples exceeded the baseline value of chronic toxicity. Benzophenone-1 (BP-1), benzophenone-3 (BP-3), 4-hydroxybenzophenone (4-OH-BP) and benzophenone (BP) were identified as the main substances that caused medium risk in the aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, BPs and synthetic progesterone should be given more attention in the future. The occurrence, source and ecological risk of BPs and synthetic progestin in farms, WWTPs and their receiving river were investigated.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Zhuhao Huo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Jianzhong Gu
- Institute of Applied Radiation of Shanghai, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Gang Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China .,Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering, Ministry of Education Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
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Liu Y, Hu Y, Hu Y, Gao Y, Liu Z. Water quality characteristics and assessment of Yongding New River by improved comprehensive water quality identification index based on game theory. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 104:40-52. [PMID: 33985743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Yongding New River is essential for the water supplies of Tianjin. To date, there is no comprehensive report that assesses the year-round water quality of the Yongding New River Main stream. Moreover, little attention has been given to determining a combined weight for improving the traditional comprehensive water quality identification index (ICWQII) by the game theory. Seven water quality parameters were investigated monthly along the main stream of the Yongding New River from May 2018 to April 2019. Organic contaminants and nitrogen pollution were mainly caused by point sources pollution, and the total phosphorus mainly by non-point source pollution. Dramatic spatio-temporal variations of water quality parameters were jointly caused by different pollutant sources and hydrometeorological factors. In terms of this study, an improved comprehensive water quality identification index (ICWQII) based on entropy weight or variation coefficient and traditional CWQII underestimated the water qualities, and an ICWQII based on the superstandard multiple method overvalued the assessments. By contrast, water qualities assessments done with an ICWQII based on the game theory matched perfectly with the practical situation. The ICWQII based on game theory proposed in this study takes into account not only the degree of disorder and variation of water quality data, but also the influence of standard-exceeded pollution indicators, whose results are relatively reasonable. All findings and the ICWQII based on game theory can provide scientific support for decisions related to the water environment management of the Yongding New River and other waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- School of Earth System Science, Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Hydraulic Science Research Institute, Tianjin 300061, China.
| | - Yucheng Hu
- Tianjin Hydraulic Science Research Institute, Tianjin 300061, China
| | - Yumei Hu
- School of Mathematics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuqi Gao
- School of Mathematics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhenying Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300191, China
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11
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Qin H, Diao M, Zhang Z, Visser PM, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Yan S. Responses of phytoremediation in urban wastewater with water hyacinths to extreme precipitation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 271:110948. [PMID: 32778268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Climate change not only intensifies eutrophication and enhances the rainfall, but also elevates the contents of greenhouse gases, which can further increase the intensity and frequency of extreme precipitation events. The effectivity of phytoremediation of urban wastewaters by water hyacinths under an extreme rainfall event (up to 380 mm d-1) was investigated using self-designed fabrications with six flow rates (2-15 m3 d-1) in situ on pilot scale for 30 days. The results suggest that water hyacinths had high N and P removal capacities even under adverse conditions such as low dissolved oxygen concentrations (DO, <1 mg L-1) and high ammonium concentrations (NH4+-N, >7 mg L-1). Specifically, the highest removal yields of N and P were 13.14 ± 0.47 g N·m-2·d-1 and 2.12 ± 0.04 g P·m-2·d-1, respectively. The results indicate that water hyacinths can be used for water treatment to reduce the amounts of NH4+-N, dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and phosphate (PO43-) even during extreme precipitation events. Moreover, DO increased due to wet deposition, runoff and surface flows during the extreme rainfall event, resulting in shifts between nitrification and denitrification processes which significantly altered nitrogen forms in urban wastewater. Results of this study suggest that water hyacinths could be recommended as a cost-effective and eco-friendly technology for urban wastewater phytoremediation in areas suffering from frequent extreme precipitation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Qin
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081, China; Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory at Yangtze River Plain for Agricultural Environment, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Muhe Diao
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory at Yangtze River Plain for Agricultural Environment, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Petra M Visser
- Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory at Yangtze River Plain for Agricultural Environment, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory at Yangtze River Plain for Agricultural Environment, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Shaohua Yan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory at Yangtze River Plain for Agricultural Environment, Nanjing, 210014, China.
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12
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Effect of Lockdown Measures on Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide during SARS-CoV-2 in Spain. REMOTE SENSING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/rs12142210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 has affected many countries and regions. In order to contain the spread of infection, many countries have adopted lockdown measures. As a result, SARS-CoV-2 has negatively influenced economies on a global scale and has caused a significant impact on the environment. In this study, changes in the concentration of the pollutant Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) within the lockdown period were examined as well as how these changes relate to the Spanish population. NO2 is one of the reactive nitrogen oxides gases resulting from both anthropogenic and natural processes. One major source in urban areas is the combustion of fossil fuels from vehicles and industrial plants, both of which significantly contribute to air pollution. The long-term exposure to NO2 can also cause severe health problems. Remote sensing is a useful tool to analyze spatial variability of air quality. For this purpose, Sentinel-5P images registered from January to April of 2019 and 2020 were used to analyze spatial distribution of NO2 and its evolution under the lockdown measures in Spain. The results indicate a significant correlation between the population’s activity level and the reduction of NO2 values.
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Lei K, Lin CY, Zhu Y, Chen W, Pan HY, Sun Z, Sweetman A, Zhang Q, He MC. Estrogens in municipal wastewater and receiving waters in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China: Occurrence and risk assessment of mixtures. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 389:121891. [PMID: 31882338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The potentially high release of estrogens to surface waters due to high population density and local livestock production in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region may pose adverse effects on reproductive systems of aquatic organisms. This study found that total measured concentrations of estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and diethylstilbestrol (DES) were 468 ± 27 ng/L in treated wastewater and 219 ± 23 ng/L in river waters in this region. E2, E3 and EE2 were the predominant estrogens in river waters. The restriction of DES for human use should have been enforced, however concentrations of DES were relatively high compared to other studies. Haihe and Yongdingxin Rivers delivered approximately 1.8 tonnes of estrogens to the Bohai Bay annually. Concentrations of individual estrogens were significantly higher in river waters in the dry season, however, mass loadings were significantly higher in the wet season. The average E2-equivalent concentrations reached 1.2 ± 0.2 and 0.64 ± 0.08 μg-E2/L following long-term and short-term exposure estimates, respectively, in river waters with an EE2 contribution of over 90 %. This could give rise to high risks to fish. Estrogens in river waters largely derived from human excretion. Field studies on estrogenic effects on fish reproductive systems are required locally considering high estrogen contamination levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Ye Lin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Wei Chen
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom; School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Yun Pan
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo Henan 454000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Sweetman
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Chang He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
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Zheng G, Yu B, Wang Y, Ma C, Chen T. Removal of triclosan during wastewater treatment process and sewage sludge composting-A case study in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 134:105300. [PMID: 31726362 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is widely used as an antibacterial disinfectant in personal care products, especially in rapidly-urbanizing countries, such as China. Almost all TCS enters wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), but the fate of the TCS in the WWTPs is unclear. TCS may be present in sewage sludge or in effluent, and the discharge of TCS into an ecosystem can pose environmental risks. In the present study, influent, effluent, and sewage sludge were collected from four typical urban WWTPs, and the fate of TCS in the plants was investigated. The study was conducted in Zhengzhou, a city in the middle reaches of the Yellow River in China. The sewage sludge was used for aerobic composting to study the influences of different ventilation treatments on the biodegradation effects of TCS and the changes in the microbial community during the composting process. The results showed that the mean concentration of TCS in the influent of the four typical WWTPs was 397.1 ng/L. The mean level of TCS in the effluent was 8.0 ng/L. The mean concentration of TCS in the sewage sludge was 814.4 ng/g. For the four WWTPs, the percentages of TCS removal were 97.6% (Nansanhuan), 97.6% (Xinzheng), 98.8% (Wulongkou), and 97.9% (Chenyu), respectively. The sewage sludge enrichment rates for TCS ranged between 36.4% and 49%. Therefore, there is a need to focus on the environmental risks from sewage sludge. During aerobic composting, the TCS was effectively degraded under three ventilation strategies. Thus, improved ventilation could enhance the degradation rate of TCS. Moreover, TCS degradation occurred in the mesophilic period and in the early stage of the thermophilic phase period. Finally, the degradation rates of TCS in sewage sludge samples composted with low-, medium-, and high-ventilation treatments were 48.1%, 59.0%, and 59.5%, respectively. Thus, high ventilation could provide enough oxygen for the pile and enhanced microorganism activity, benefiting the degradation of TCS. In addition, the microbial communities change during the composting process, and a diversity index of the changes can help explain the composting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Bao Yu
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuewei Wang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuang Ma
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Ding L, Lv Z, Han M, Zhao X, Wang W. Forecasting China's wastewater discharge using dynamic factors and mixed-frequency data. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113148. [PMID: 31521991 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Forecasting wastewater discharge is the basis for wastewater treatment and policy formulation. This paper proposes a novel mixed-data sampling regression model, i.e., combination-MIDAS model to forecast quarterly wastewater emissions in China based on dynamic factors at different frequencies. The results show that a significant auto-correlation for wastewater emissions exists and that water consumption per ten thousand gross domestic product is the best predictor of wastewater emissions. The forecast performances of the combination-MIDAS models are robust and better than those of the benchmark models. Therefore, the combination-MIDAS models can better capture the characteristics of wastewater emissions, suggesting that the proposed method is a good method to deal with model misspecification and uncertainty for the control and management of wastewater discharge in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Ding
- School of Economics, Ocean University of China, China; Marine Development Studies Institute of OUC, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Universities, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhanlei Lv
- School of Economics, Ocean University of China, China
| | - Meng Han
- Department of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Netherlands.
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Economics, Ocean University of China, China; Marine Development Studies Institute of OUC, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Universities, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Economics, Ocean University of China, China; Marine Development Studies Institute of OUC, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Universities, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
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16
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Lei K, Zhu Y, Chen W, Pan HY, Cao YX, Zhang X, Guo BB, Sweetman A, Lin CY, Ouyang W, He MC, Liu XT. Spatial and seasonal variations of antibiotics in river waters in the Haihe River Catchment in China and ecotoxicological risk assessment. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 130:104919. [PMID: 31226562 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of widely used antibiotics were predicted to be the highest in the Haihe River Catchment across China previously, potentially resulting in high ecotoxicological risks in this region. As a result of growing usage and regulation of antibiotic use in animals, the pattern of use may have altered temporally for different antibiotics. It is important to monitor the occurrence of antibiotics within different categories for understanding their mass loading to the catchment and the potential ecotoxicological risks involved. This study investigated the seasonal occurrence and spatial variation of 15 antibiotics in the Haihe River Catchment during 2016-2017. The investigated compounds included veterinary antibiotics, human-use antibiotics, and those intended for both human and animal use. Measurements reported from previous studies were compared with the results of this study and indicated that the use of veterinary antibiotics is probably increasing around the catchment. The ∑antibiotics concentration (i.e. the summed concentration of the 15 target antibiotics) ranged from 414 to 1951 ng/L, with an average of 821 ng/L. Discharges from wastewater treatment plants were the main sources of these compounds. The mass loading of antibiotics to the river waters was higher during wet seasons than during dry seasons. The mass fluxes of the antibiotics continuously increased towards the lower reaches of the rivers. The total annual input of the antibiotics from the Haihe River and Yongdingxin River into the Bohai Bay was 5008 kg/yr. Ofloxacin, trimethoprim, leucomycin, anhydro erythromycin and florfenicol were the predominant antibiotics, whilst amoxicillin, anhydro erythromycin, ofloxacin, norfloxacin and enrofloxacin may pose high ecotoxicological risks to the investigated aquatic ecosystem. Several antibiotics selected in this study were reported for the first time in this catchment. This study provides important information for chemical management and indicates that further monitoring is needed on the more harmful and veterinary antibiotics in the catchment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom; School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Yun Pan
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Xin Cao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-Bo Guo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Andy Sweetman
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Chun-Ye Lin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Ouyang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Chang He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Tao Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
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17
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Chen Y, Zang L, Liu M, Zhang C, Shen G, Du W, Sun Z, Fei J, Yang L, Wang Y, Wang X, Zhao M. Ecological risk assessment of the increasing use of the neonicotinoid insecticides along the east coast of China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 127:550-557. [PMID: 30981913 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the past two decades, neonicotinoid insecticides have been widely used in agricultural activities in China. Many previous studies have investigated the neonicotinoid pollution in aquatic ecosystems, but the status of water safety of neonicotinoid uses in China is very scarce. The present study aims to reveal the spatial and temporal distribution of neonicotinoids in rivers, and then evaluate the ecological risks to aquatic animals. Water samples were collected from all sixteen rivers along the east coast of China during the dry and wet seasons in 2016, and nine individual commercialized neonicotinoids were quantified. Higher concentrations were found during the dry season (343 ± 210 ng/L) compared to those during the wet season (174 ± 162 ng/L). The concentration of neonicotinoid insecticides in river water is mainly affected by the intensity of agricultural activities. The spatial and temporal pollution patterns we discovered suggested the use of neonicotinoids has shifted from old types (i.e., imidacloprid and acetamiprid) to new types (i.e., dinotefuran and nitenpyram) in some areas. The estimated annual quantity of neonicotinoids released into the adjacent seas totaled 1256 ± 780 tons, most of which (95%) ran into the East China Sea due to heavy agricultural use in the Yangtze River Basin. Using the species sensitive distribution (SSD) method, the thresholds for aquatic animals were determined (acute: 362 ng/L; chronic: 58 ng/L). Under current agricultural practices, 27% and 84% of the river water samples exceeded the thresholds for acute and chronic ecological risks, suggesting intervention programs are in urgent need to ensure river water safety for aquatic life in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Lu Zang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Maodian Liu
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chunlong Zhang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, TX 77058, USA
| | - Guofeng Shen
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei Du
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jie Fei
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Liyang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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18
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Urbanization Impacts the Physicochemical Characteristics and Abundance of Fecal Markers and Bacterial Pathogens in Surface Water. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16101739. [PMID: 31100947 PMCID: PMC6572354 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16101739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Urbanization is increasing worldwide and is happening at a rapid rate in China in line with economic development. Urbanization can lead to major changes in freshwater environments through multiple chemical and microbial contaminants. We assessed the impact of urbanization on physicochemical characteristics and microbial loading in canals in Suzhou, a city that has experienced rapid urbanization in recent decades. Nine sampling locations covering three urban intensity classes (high, medium and low) in Suzhou were selected for field studies and three locations in Huangshan (natural reserve) were included as pristine control locations. Water samples were collected for physicochemical, microbiological and molecular analyses. Compared to medium and low urbanization sites, there were statistically significant higher levels of nutrients and total and thermotolerant coliforms (or fecal coliforms) in highly urbanized locations. The effect of urbanization was also apparent in the abundances of human-associated fecal markers and bacterial pathogens in water samples from highly urbanized locations. These results correlated well with land use types and anthropogenic activities at the sampling sites. The overall results indicate that urbanization negatively impacts water quality, providing high levels of nutrients and a microbial load that includes fecal markers and pathogens.
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19
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Zhu Y, Zhan Y, Wang B, Li Z, Qin Y, Zhang K. Spatiotemporally mapping of the relationship between NO 2 pollution and urbanization for a megacity in Southwest China during 2005-2016. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 220:155-162. [PMID: 30583207 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) significantly contributes to air pollution. Long-term NO2 exposure is harmful to human health. The NO2 pollution in China has surpassed developed countries and attracts international attention. To understand the spatial and temporal distributions of NO2 across Chengdu in Southwest China, a random forest (RF) model was developed based on NO2 environmental monitoring data, the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) satellite retrievals, and geographic covariates. The RF model showed good performance with a cross validation R2 of 0.77, and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 11.0 μg/m3. The ground-level NO2 concentrations of Chengdu for 2005-2016 were predicted using the developed model with the multiyear population weighted NO2 concentration being 41.7 ± 11.7 μg/m3. The predicted NO2 concentrations exhibited a clear seasonal variation trend with winter being the highest and summer being the lowest. Furthermore, higher NO2 concentrations in the downtown areas were observed than that in the rural areas indicating the former being attributed to more anthropogenic sources. The population weighted NO2 concentrations with deseasonlization were relatively high during 2011-2013. The NO2 concentration increased at a rate of 0.81 μg/m3/year before 2011 (43.4 ± 11.2 μg/m3) and decreased at a rate of -1.03 μg/m3/year after 2013 (44.8 ± 12.8 μg/m3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China.
| | - Yu Zhan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China.
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China.
| | - Yuanqing Qin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Kaishan Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China.
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Zhu Y, Snape J, Jones K, Sweetman A. Spatially Explicit Large-Scale Environmental Risk Assessment of Pharmaceuticals in Surface Water in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:2559-2569. [PMID: 30758963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b07054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With improving healthcare and an aging population, the consumption of human pharmaceuticals in China has been increasing dramatically. Environmental risks posed by many active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are still unknown. This study used a spatially explicit dilution-factor methodology to model predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) of 11 human-use APIs in surface water for a preliminary environmental risk assessment (ERA). Median PECs in surface water across China range between 0.01 and 8.0 × 103 ng/L for the different APIs, under a moderate patient use scenario. Higher environmental risks of APIs in surface water are in regions with high water stress, e.g., northern China. Levonorgestrel, estradiol, ethinyl estradiol and abiraterone acetate were predicted to potentially pose a high or moderate environmental risk in China if consumption levels reach those in Europe. Relative risks of these four APIs have the potential to be among those chemicals with the highest impact on surface water in China when compared to the risks associated with other regulated chemicals, including triclosan and some standard water quality parameters including BOD5 (5-day biological oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), Cu, Zn, and Hg and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate. This method could support the regulation of this category of chemicals and risk mitigation strategies in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Lancaster Environment Centre , Lancaster University , Lancaster LA1 4YQ , United Kingdom
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085 , P. R. China
| | - Jason Snape
- AstraZeneca , Global Safety, Health and Environment , Alderley Park, Macclesfield SK10 4TG , United Kingdom
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Campus , The University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Jones
- Lancaster Environment Centre , Lancaster University , Lancaster LA1 4YQ , United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Sweetman
- Lancaster Environment Centre , Lancaster University , Lancaster LA1 4YQ , United Kingdom
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21
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Zhu Y, Tao S, Sun J, Wang X, Li X, Tsang DCW, Zhu L, Shen G, Huang H, Cai C, Liu W. Multimedia modeling of the PAH concentration and distribution in the Yangtze River Delta and human health risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 647:962-972. [PMID: 30180371 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in China remain at a high level compared to those in developed countries. The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) is an economic and industrial center in China with an extremely large population. The potentially high emissions and excess cancer risk from human exposure in this region cannot be neglected. This study applied a multimedia model to estimate the concentrations of 16 US EPA priority PAHs in the environment in the YRD with a well-developed PAH-emission inventory for 2014. The model predicted that the average concentrations of ΣPAHs were 274 ng/m3 in the air, 255 ng/g in the soil, 15 ng/g in vegetation, 147 ng/L in freshwater and 144 ng/g in sediment, as well as 99 ng/L and 80 ng/g in seawater and sediment, respectively. Soil is the PAH sink in this region, and the net flux of the total PAHs is always from air to soil for each isomer. A deterministic assessment observed that the ELCR (excess lifetime cancer risk) ranged from 2.5 × 10-6 to 3.0 × 10-5 for exposure by air inhalation and from 3.5 × 10-7 to 7.9 × 10-6 for exposure by soil ingestion. The probabilistic results did not find any probability of ELCR >10-4 by exposure via soil ingestion in the YRD. The probabilistic ELCR induced by inhalation exposure varied from 8.1 × 10-7 to 3.1 × 10-4 in the YRD. This study provided a comprehensive overview of PAHs occurrence in natural environments and of the relevant human health risks. The information presented in this study could help authorities to enact a strategy regarding emission reduction and pollution control relevant to PAHs. CAPSULE Multimedia modeling predicted distributions and compositions of PAHs in different environmental compartments, and deterministic and probabilistic ELCRs induced by air inhalation and soil ingestion were also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Shu Tao
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianteng Sun
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xilong Wang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lizhong Zhu
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Guofeng Shen
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Huijing Huang
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chuanyang Cai
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenxin Liu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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22
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Du F, Zeng Q, Lai Z, Cheng Z, Ruan G. Silicon doped graphene quantum dots combined with ruthenium(iii) ions as a fluorescent probe for turn-on detection of triclosan. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03046h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, silicon doped graphene quantum dots (Si-GQDs) were prepared and applied for the sensitive and selective fluorescence detection of triclosan (TCS) in combination with Ru3+ ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyou Du
- Department of Biological Engineering and Environmental Science
- Changsha University
- Changsha 410003
- China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials
| | - Qiulian Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Zhan Lai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Zhenfang Cheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Guihua Ruan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering
- Guilin University of Technology
- Guilin 541004
- China
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Lei K, Zhu Y, Chen W, Pan HY, Guo BB, Zhang X, Cao YX, Sweetman AJ, Lin CY. The occurrence of home and personal care products in the Haihe River catchment and estimation of human exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 643:63-72. [PMID: 29936170 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A sub-catchment of the Haihe River basin goes through the Beijing-Tianjin region with a population of 26 million, therefore, the use and release of home and personal care product ingredients (HPCPs) to the river catchment could be potentially substantial. Many HPCPs have been shown to be toxic to human and animals. So, it is essential to know the exposure level of HPCPs in the river basin. The average concentrations of five preservatives, three disinfectants and an antioxidant were found to be 398, 352 and 77.7 ng L-1, respectively, in the dry season. The chemical concentrations in the effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and untreated wastewater discharge were respectively ca. 1.3-2.2 and 1.6-7.5 times higher than those in river water. The mass flux of ∑HPCPs has been estimated to be 8.7 g/h at the outfall of the Shahe Reservoir and 181 g/h and 214 g/h at the estuary of the Haihe River and Yongdingxin River to Bohai Bay, respectively. The attenuation of ∑HPCPs was over 79% along the Wenyu River. By using the backward method, the estimated average loadings to WWTPs ranged from 0.51 to 2.0 mg/day/cap for the various individual compounds. They were 1-3 orders of magnitude higher than the estimation from the forward calculation for parabens. This indicates the possible underestimation of chemical usage and human exposure levels by the current published studies or the probably additional industrial release to the target catchment. Such a study provides useful information for the development of chemical management approaches and indicates that further research is needed to improve the estimation of HPCPs usage and emissions to aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom; School of Environmental Studies & State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Yun Pan
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-Bo Guo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Xin Cao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Andrew J Sweetman
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Chun-Ye Lin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
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