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Okon C, Rocha MB, de Souza Ratuchinski L, Santo DE, Duarte CCS, de Lima Feitoza L, Junior OV, Ferreira PMP, de Almeida EA, Halmemam MCO, Dade SilvaOliveira DC, da Silva Gonzalez R, de Souza DC, Peron AP. Toxicity of the emerging pollutants propylparaben and dichloropropylparaben to terrestrial plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:45834-45846. [PMID: 38972946 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34178-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Propylparaben (PrP) and dichloropropylparaben (diClPrP) are found in soil worldwide, mainly due to the incorporation of urban sludge in crop soils and the use of non-raw wastewater for irrigation. Studies on the adverse effects of PrP on plants are incipient and not found for diClPrP. PrP and diClPrP were evaluated at concentrations 4, 40, and 400 µg/L for their phytotoxic potential to seeds of Allium cepa (onion), Cucumis sativus (cucumber), Lycopersicum sculentum (tomato), and Lactuca sativa (lettuce), and cytotoxic, genotoxic potential, and for generating oxygen-reactive substances in root meristems of A. cepa bulbs. PrP and diClPrP caused a significant reduction in seed root elongation in all four species. In A. cepa bulb roots, PrP and diClPrP resulted in a high prophase index; in addition, PrP at 400 µg/L and diClPrP at the three concentrations significantly decreased cell proliferation and caused alterations in a significant number of cells. Furthermore, diClPrP concentrations induced the development of hooked roots in onion bulbs. The two chemical compounds caused significant changes in the modulation of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase, disarming the root meristems against hydroxyl radicals and superoxides. Therefore, PrP and diClPrP were phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic to the species tested, proving dangerous to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Okon
- Chemical Enginnering Course, Federal Technological, University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mylena Bathke Rocha
- Chemical Enginnering Course, Federal Technological, University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Espirito Santo
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Charla Chaionara Schults Duarte
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lidiane de Lima Feitoza
- Academic Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo Valarini Junior
- Academic Department of Food and Chemical Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreira
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology (LabCancer), Academic Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Regiane da Silva Gonzalez
- Academic Department of Chemistry, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Food Technology, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Débora Cristina de Souza
- Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Peron
- Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
- Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Technological Innovations, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Via Rosalina Maria Dos Santos, Campo Mourão, Paraná, 1233, Brazil.
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Feng X, Sun D. Degradation characteristics of refractory organic matter in naproxen pharmaceutical secondary effluent using vacuum ultraviolet-ozone treatment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132056. [PMID: 37467614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Vacuum ultraviolet-ozone (VUV-O3) treatment was found to be superior to ultraviolet-ozone (UV-O3) treatment in terms of ozone utilization and hydroxyl radicals (·OH) generation when used to treat the secondary effluent (SE) from a naproxen pharmaceutical plant. VUV-O3 treatment was beneficial in terms of decolorization (100%), chemical oxygen demand removal (43.29%), and total organic carbon removal (54.81%). The VUV-O3 process was applicable over a wide pH range, and the presence of various anions had no significant influence on the oxidation efficiency. After treatment, the genotoxicity, unsaturation degree, and polarity of the SE decreased. In addition, the oxidation sensitivities of the fluorescent organic compounds were ranked as follows: humic acid-like > tyrosine-like > fulvic acid-like > tryptophan-like Moreover, the VUV-O3 process effectively converted refractory organic matter (molecular weights, MW > 2000 Da) into short-chain molecules with low MWs. The removal efficiency of dissolved organic matter (DOM) was 63.27%, and 77.27% of the DOM was found to be reactive to VUV-O3 oxidation. The unsaturation, polarity, and compositional complexity of the DOM decreased after VUV-O3 treatment. Finally, it was deduced that the direct O3 oxidation,·OH, O2·- and 1O2 played a role in the VUV-O3 oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlu Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dezhi Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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3
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Medkova D, Hollerova A, Riesova B, Blahova J, Hodkovicova N, Marsalek P, Doubkova V, Weiserova Z, Mares J, Faldyna M, Tichy F, Svobodova Z, Lakdawala P. Pesticides and Parabens Contaminating Aquatic Environment: Acute and Sub-Chronic Toxicity towards Early-Life Stages of Freshwater Fish and Amphibians. TOXICS 2023; 11:333. [PMID: 37112561 PMCID: PMC10141211 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides and personal care products are two very important groups of contaminants posing a threat to the aquatic environment and the organisms living in it.. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the effects of widely used pesticides and parabens on aquatic non-target biota such as fish (using model organisms Danio rerio and Cyprinus carpio) and amphibians (using model organism Xenopus laevis) using a wide range of endpoints. The first part of the experiment was focused on the embryonal toxicity of three widely used pesticides (metazachlor, prochloraz, and 4-chloro-2-methyl phenoxy acetic acid) and three parabens (methylparaben, propylparaben, and butylparaben) with D. rerio, C. carpio, and X. laevis embryos. An emphasis was placed on using mostly sub-lethal concentrations that are partially relevant to the environmental concentrations of the substances studied. In the second part of the study, an embryo-larval toxicity test with C. carpio was carried out with prochloraz using concentrations 0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 µg/L. The results of both parts of the study show that even the low, environmentally relevant concentrations of the chemicals tested are often able to affect the expression of genes that play either a prominent role in detoxification and sex hormone production or indicate cell stress or, in case of prochloraz, to induce genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Medkova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Faculty of Agrisciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Animal Breeding, Animal Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Hollerova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Riesova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Blahova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Hodkovicova
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Marsalek
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Doubkova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Weiserova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Mares
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Faculty of Agrisciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Faldyna
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Tichy
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenka Svobodova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Lakdawala
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare & Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
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Ma Y, Li Y, Song X, Yang T, Wang H, Liang Y, Huang L, Zeng H. Endocrine Disruption of Propylparaben in the Male Mosquitofish ( Gambusia affinis): Tissue Injuries and Abnormal Gene Expressions of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal-Liver Axis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3557. [PMID: 36834249 PMCID: PMC9967665 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Propylparaben (PrP) is a widely used preservative that is constantly detected in aquatic environments and poses a potential threat to aquatic ecosystems. In the present work, adult male mosquitofish were acutely (4d) and chronically (32d) exposed to environmentally and humanly realistic concentrations of PrP (0, 0.15, 6.00 and 240 μg/L), aimed to investigate the toxic effects, endocrine disruption and possible mechanisms of PrP. Histological analysis showed time- and dose-dependent manners in the morphological injuries of brain, liver and testes. Histopathological alterations in the liver were found in 4d and severe damage was identified in 32d, including hepatic sinus dilatation, cytoplasmic vacuolation, cytolysis and nuclear aggregation. Tissue impairments in the brain and testes were detected in 32d; cell cavitation, cytomorphosis and blurred cell boundaries appeared in the brain, while the testes lesions contained spermatogenic cell lesion, decreased mature seminal vesicle, sperm cells gathering, seminiferous tubules disorder and dilated intercellular space. Furthermore, delayed spermatogenesis had occurred. The transcriptional changes of 19 genes along the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal-liver (HPGL) axis were investigated across the three organs. The disrupted expression of genes such as Ers, Ars, Vtgs, cyp19a, star, hsd3b, hsd17b3 and shh indicated the possible abnormal steroidogenesis, estrogenic or antiandrogen effects of PrP. Overall, the present results provided evidences for the toxigenicity and endocrine disruptive effects on the male mosquitofish of chronic PrP exposure, which highlights the need for more investigations of its potential health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Yujing Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Xiaohong Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety Guarantee in Karst Area, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Tao Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Haiqin Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Yanpeng Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety Guarantee in Karst Area, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Liangliang Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety Guarantee in Karst Area, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Honghu Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety Guarantee in Karst Area, Guilin 541000, China
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Morais LS, Sousa JPB, Aguiar CM, Gomes CM, Demarque DP, Albernaz LC, Espindola LS. Edible Plant Extracts against Aedes aegypti and Validation of a Piper nigrum L. Ethanolic Extract as a Natural Insecticide. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031264. [PMID: 36770931 PMCID: PMC9921162 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The Aedes aegypti mosquito significantly impacts public health, with vector control remaining the most efficient means of reducing the number of arboviral disease cases. This study screened the larvicidal and pupicidal activity of common edible plant extracts. Piper nigrum L. (black pepper) extract production was optimized using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and validated following regulatory requirements using HPLC-PDA analytical methodology to quantify its major component-piperine. Larvicidal activity was determined for the standardized P. nigrum fruit ethanol extract (LC50 1.1 µg/mL) and piperine standard (LC50 19.0 µg/mL). Furthermore, 9-day residual activity was determined for the extract (4 µg/mL) and piperine (60 µg/mL), with daily piperine quantification. Semi-field trials of solid extract formulations demonstrated 24-day activity against Ae. aegypti larvae. Thus, the standardized P. nigrum extract emerges as a potential candidate for insecticide development to control the arboviral vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lais Silva Morais
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília CEP 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Barreto Sousa
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília CEP 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Carolina Melo Aguiar
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília CEP 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Ciro Martins Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília CEP 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pecoraro Demarque
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília CEP 70910-900, DF, Brazil
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, São Paulo CEP 05508-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Lorena Carneiro Albernaz
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília CEP 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Laila Salmen Espindola
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília CEP 70910-900, DF, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Innovative formulations of PCL:Pluronic monoliths with copaiba oleoresin using supercritical CO2 foaming/mixing to control Aedes aegypti. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bundschuh M, Pietz S, Roodt AP, Kraus JM. Contaminant fluxes across ecosystems mediated by aquatic insects. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 50:100885. [PMID: 35144033 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2022.100885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metals and organic contaminants in aquatic systems affect the coupling of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems through two pathways: contaminant-induced effects on insect emergence and emergence-induced contaminant transfer. Consequently, the impact of aquatic contaminants on terrestrial ecosystems can be driven by modifications in the quantity and quality of adult aquatic insects serving as prey or contaminants entering terrestrial food webs as part of the diet of terrestrial predators. Here, we provide an overview of recent advances in the field, separating metals from organic contaminants due to their differential propensity to bioaccumulate and thus their potential contribution to either of the two pathways. Finally, this review highlights the knowledge gap in the relative impact of these pathways on terrestrial insectivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Bundschuh
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, Landau, D-76829, Germany; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lennart Hjelms väg 9, Uppsala, SWE-75007, Sweden.
| | - Sebastian Pietz
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, Landau, D-76829, Germany
| | - Alexis P Roodt
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstraße 7, Landau, D-76829, Germany
| | - Johanna M Kraus
- U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, 4200 New Haven Road, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
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Moreno Ríos AL, Gutierrez-Suarez K, Carmona Z, Ramos CG, Silva Oliveira LF. Pharmaceuticals as emerging pollutants: Case naproxen an overview. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132822. [PMID: 34767851 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including naproxen (NP), diclofenac, ibuprofen, etc., are widely used for fever and pain relief. NP is one of the most widely consumed drugs in the world, because it is available over the counter in many countries. Many studies have proven that NP is not eliminated in conventional water treatment processes and its biodegradation in the environment is also difficult compared to other drugs. Along these lines, we are aware that both the original compound and its metabolites can be found in different destinations in the environment. To assess the environmental exposure and the risks associated with NP, it is important to understand better the environment where they finally reach, the behavior of its original compounds, its metabolites, and its transformation products. In this sense, the purpose of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge about the introduction and behavior of NP in the environments they reach and highlight research needs and gaps. Likewise, we present the sources, environmental destinations, toxicology, environmental effects, and quantification methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Liliana Moreno Ríos
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia.
| | - Karol Gutierrez-Suarez
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Zenen Carmona
- Faculty of Medicine, Campus of Zaragocilla, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Claudete Gindri Ramos
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia.
| | - Luis Felipe Silva Oliveira
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
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Merola C, Vremere A, Fanti F, Iannetta A, Caioni G, Sergi M, Compagnone D, Lorenzetti S, Perugini M, Amorena M. Oxysterols Profile in Zebrafish Embryos Exposed to Triclocarban and Propylparaben-A Preliminary Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031264. [PMID: 35162288 PMCID: PMC8834710 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxysterols have long been considered as simple by-products of cholesterol metabolism, but they are now fully designed as bioactive lipids that exert their multiple effects through their binding to several receptors, representing endogenous mediators potentially involved in several metabolic diseases. There is also a growing concern that metabolic disorders may be linked with exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). To date, there are no studies aimed to link EDCs exposure to oxysterols perturbation-neither in vivo nor in vitro studies. The present research aimed to evaluate the differences in oxysterols levels following exposure to two metabolism disrupting chemicals (propylparaben (PP) and triclocarban (TCC)) in the zebrafish model using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Following exposure to PP and TCC, there were no significant changes in total and individual oxysterols compared with the control group; however, some interesting differences were noticed: 24-OH was detected only in treated zebrafish embryos, as well as the concentrations of 27-OH, which followed a different distribution, with an increase in TCC treated embryos and a reduction in zebrafish embryos exposed to PP at 24 h post-fertilization (hpf). The results of the present study prompt the hypothesis that EDCs can modulate the oxysterol profile in the zebrafish model and that these variations could be potentially involved in the toxicity mechanism of these emerging contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Merola
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.M.); (A.V.); (F.F.); (A.I.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Anton Vremere
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.M.); (A.V.); (F.F.); (A.I.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (M.A.)
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità—ISS, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Federico Fanti
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.M.); (A.V.); (F.F.); (A.I.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Annamaria Iannetta
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.M.); (A.V.); (F.F.); (A.I.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Giulia Caioni
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Manuel Sergi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.M.); (A.V.); (F.F.); (A.I.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Dario Compagnone
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.M.); (A.V.); (F.F.); (A.I.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Stefano Lorenzetti
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità—ISS, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Monia Perugini
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.M.); (A.V.); (F.F.); (A.I.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Michele Amorena
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.M.); (A.V.); (F.F.); (A.I.); (M.S.); (D.C.); (M.A.)
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