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Si T, Yuan R, Qi Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Bian R, Liu X, Zhang X, Joseph S, Li L, Pan G. Enhancing soil redox dynamics: Comparative effects of Fe-modified biochar (N-Fe and S-Fe) on Fe oxide transformation and Cd immobilization. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 347:123636. [PMID: 38401634 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Biochar and modified biochar have gained wide attention for Cd-contaminated soil remediation. This study investigates the effects of rape straw biochar (RSB), sulfur-iron modified biochar (S-FeBC), and nitrogen-iron modified biochar (N-FeBC) on soil Fe oxide transformation and Cd immobilization. The mediated electrochemical analysis results showed that Fe modification effectively enhanced the electron exchange capacity (EEC) of biochar. After 40 days of anaerobic incubation, compared to the treatment without biochar (CK), the concentrations of CaCl2-extractable Cd in N-FeBC, S-FeBC, and RSB treatments decreased by 79%, 53%, and 23%, respectively. Compared with S-FeBC, N-FeBC significantly decreased the soil Eh and increased soil pH within the first 15 days, which could be attributed to its higher EEC and alkalinity. There is a negative correlation between the concentration of CaCl2-extractable Cd and soil pH (p < 0.01). The sequential extraction results showed that both N-FeBC and S-FeBC promoted Cd transfer from acid-soluble to Fe/Mn oxides bound fraction (Fe/Mn-Cd). N-FeBC significantly increased the concentration of amorphous Fe oxides (amFeox) from 4.0 g kg-1 in day 1 to 4.6 g kg-1 in day 15 by promoting the NO3--reducing Fe(II) oxidation process, while S-FeBC significantly increased amFeox from 4.0 g kg-1 in day 15 to 4.8 g kg-1 in day 40 by promoting the Fe(II) recrystallization. There is a positive correlation between the concentration of amFeox and Fe/Mn-Cd (p < 0.01). The scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that Cd was bound to the amFeox coating on the surface of Fe-modified biochar. By acting as an electron shuttle, the active surface of Fe-modified biochar may serve as a hotspot for Fe transformation, which promotes amFeox formation and Cd immobilization. This study highlights the potential of Fe-modified biochar for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils and provides valuable insights into the development of effective remediation approaches for Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianren Si
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Rui Yuan
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Yanjie Qi
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Rongjun Bian
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
| | - Stephen Joseph
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Lianqing Li
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China.
| | - Genxing Pan
- Institute of Resources, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, China
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Guo R, Ren R, Wang L, Zhi Q, Yu T, Hou Q, Yang Z. Using machine learning to predict selenium and cadmium contents in rice grains from black shale-distributed farmland area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168802. [PMID: 38000759 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and selenium (Se) are widely enriched in soil at black shale outcropping areas, with Cd levels exceeding the standard (2.0 mg/kg in 5.5 < pH ≤ 6.5) commonly. The prevention of Cd hazards and the safe development of Se-rich land resources are key issues that need to be urgently addressed. To ensure safe utilization of Se-rich land in the CdSe coexisting areas, 158 rice samples, their corresponding rhizosphere soils, and 8069 topsoil samples were collected and tested in the paddy fields of Ankang City, Shaanxi Province, where black shales are widely exposed. The results showed that 43 % of the topsoil samples were Se-rich soil (Se > 0.4 mg/kg) wherein 79 % and 3 % of Cd concentrations exceeded the screening value and control value, respectively, according to the GB15618-2018 standard. Meanwhile, 63 % of the rice samples were Se rich (Se > 0.04 mg/kg) and the Cd content exceeded the prescribed limit (0.2 mg/kg) in Se-rich rice by 26 %. There was no significant positive correlation between the Se and Cd contents in the rice grains and the Se and Cd contents in the corresponding rhizosphere soil. The factors influencing Se and Cd uptake in rice were SiO2, CaO, P, S, pH, and TFe2O3. Accordingly, an artificial neural network (ANN) and multiple linear regression model (MLR) were used to predict Cd and Se bioaccumulation in rice grains. The stability and accuracy of the ANN model were better than those of the MLR model. Based on survey data and the prediction results of the ANN model, a safe planting zoning of Se-rich rice was proposed, which provided a reference for the scientific planning of land resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rucan Guo
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Rui Ren
- Shaanxi Hydrogeology Engineering Geology and Environment Geology Survey Center, Xi'an 710068, PR China; Health Geological Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710068, PR China
| | - Lingxiao Wang
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Qian Zhi
- Shaanxi Hydrogeology Engineering Geology and Environment Geology Survey Center, Xi'an 710068, PR China; Health Geological Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710068, PR China
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, PR China.
| | - Qingye Hou
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Zhongfang Yang
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecogeochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, PR China.
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Yao A, Yang J, Liu Y, Su G, Zhao M, Wang S, Tang Y, Qiu R. Mitigation effects of foliar supply of different sulfur forms on uptake, translocation and grain accumulation of Cd and As by paddy rice on basis of liming. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167338. [PMID: 37748603 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Co-contamination of Cd and As in strongly acidic paddy soil has posed great challenges for remediation practice due to their distinct properties. Liming is a necessary but inadequate measure for normal growth of paddy rice and for Cd and As remediation in strongly acidic paddy soils rich in iron minerals. A greenhouse rice pot cultivation experiment was conducted to explore the efficiency and mechanisms of how foliar supply of different sulfur forms (K2S, K2SO4) could further mediate the uptake, translocation and grain accumulation of Cd and As by paddy rice on basis of liming. Results showed that compared to liming alone (CK), co-application of liming and foliar supply of K2S (L + FK2S) significantly reduced contents of Cd and As in brown rice by 44.4 % and 24.7 %, respectively. Contrastingly, co-application of liming and foliar supply of K2SO4 (L + FK2SO4) decreased Cd content of brown rice by 55.5 %, but had no effect on As content. Foliar supply of K2S and K2SO4 dramatically facilitated Cd upward transfer from roots to shoots by enhancing root Cd transfer from cell wall into trophoplast. On the other hand, both sulfur forms remarkably elevated sulfur contents in leaves and significantly inhibited Cd translocation from leaves to grain by enhancing vacuolar sequestration of Cd in leaves. Compared to CK and L + FK2SO4 treatment, it was by enhancing glutathione synthesis, cell wall deposition in roots and vacuolar sequestration of As in leaves that L + FK2S showed greater inhibiting effects on transfer of As from roots, stems and leaves to grain. Foliar supply of either sulfate or sulfide could efficiently decrease grain Cd of paddy rice, but only foliar supply of sulfide is effective in reducing grain As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Yao
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jingliu Yang
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Guangquan Su
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Man Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shizhong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yetao Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Zhong S, Fang L, Li X, Liu T, Wang P, Gao R, Chen G, Yin H, Yang Y, Huang F, Li F. Roles of Chloride and Sulfate Ions in Controlling Cadmium Transport in a Soil-Rice System as Evidenced by the Cd Isotope Fingerprint. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:17920-17929. [PMID: 37755710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Anions accompanying inorganic fertilizers, such as chloride and sulfate ions, potentially affect the solubility, uptake, and transport of Cd to rice grains. However, the role of anions in controlling Cd transport in the soil-soil solution-Fe plaque-rice plant continuum remains poorly understood. Cd isotope ratios were applied to Cd-contaminated soil pots, hydroponic rice, and adsorption experiments with or without KCl and K2SO4 treatments to decipher transport processes in the complex soil-rice system. The chloride and sulfate ions increased the Cd concentrations in the soil solution, Fe plaque, and rice plants. Accordingly, the magnitude of positive fractionation from soil to the soil solution was less pronounced, but that between soil and Fe plaque or rice plant is barely varied. The similar isotope composition of Fe plaque and soil, and the similar fractionation magnitude between Fe plaque and the solution and between goethite and the solution, suggested that desorption-sorption between iron oxides and the solution could be important at the soil-soil solution-Fe plaque continuum. This study reveals the roles of chloride and sulfate ions: (i) induce the mobility of light Cd isotopes from soil to the soil solution, (ii) chloro-Cd and sulfato-Cd complexes contribute to Cd immobilization in the Fe plaque and uptake into roots, and (iii) facilitate second leaves/node II-to-grain Cd transport within shoots. These results provide insights into the anion-induced Cd isotope effect in the soil-rice system and the roles of anions in facilitating Cd migration and transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songxiong Zhong
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Liping Fang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tongxu Liu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Pei Wang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ruichuan Gao
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Guojun Chen
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Haoming Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yang Yang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Fang Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Fangbai Li
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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5
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Liu S, Ji X, Chen Z, Xie Y, Ji S, Wang X, Pan S. Silicon facilitated the physical barrier and adsorption of cadmium of iron plaque by changing the biochemical composition to reduce cadmium absorption of rice roots. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114879. [PMID: 37037106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Silicon effectively inhibits cadmium (Cd) uptake in rice, iron plaque on root surface was the primary link and first interface of Cd entering into rice root. To elucidate the mechanism of iron plaque under silicon treatment on root Cd uptake, the morphological characteristics of iron plaque, mechanisms of Cd adsorption of iron plaque and effect of iron plaque on Cd uptake by rice roots of Yuzhenxiang (YZX) and Xiangwanxian (XWX) rice varieties were studied by employing energy spectrum analysis technique, non-invasive micro-test technique, and isothermal-kinetic adsorption method. Scanning electron microscopy-X-ray energy dispersive (SEM-EDX) analysis showed that denser crystal structure of iron plaque was observed at Si treatment, silicon promoted the thickening of iron plaque and strengthened the isolation of iron plaque to Cd, which reduced the Cd content of white roots of YZX and XWX varieties by 30.2% and 20.9% respectively. However, the blocking effect of iron plaque on Cd was weakened under silicon treatment with iron plaque removed, Cd content in iron plaque of YZX and XWX cultivars was significantly decreased by 36.3% and 18.4%, Cd concentrations in white root and shoot was significantly increased, and the influxes of Cd2+ at elongation and maturation zone of root were increased in multiples. The results of adsorption test showed that the adsorption process of iron plaque was mainly a monolayer adsorption completed by boundary diffusion. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results demonstrated that silicon changed the biochemical composition of iron plaque and increased the density of the carbon-oxygen bound groups on iron plaque, which is the most likely reasons for the higher affinity of Cd adsorption ability of iron plaque observed in the silicon treated iron plaque. This study suggested the silicon-facilitated iron plaque have played critical effects in controlling the Cd accumulation in rice roots by changing the morphology and chemical composition of iron plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saihua Liu
- Key Lab of Prevention, Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Hunan Institute of Agro-Environment and Ecology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Xionghui Ji
- Key Lab of Prevention, Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Hunan Institute of Agro-Environment and Ecology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Zhiliang Chen
- South China Institute of Environmental Science, MEE, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Yunhe Xie
- Key Lab of Prevention, Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Hunan Institute of Agro-Environment and Ecology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Shengying Ji
- Hunan Vegetable Research Institute, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Shufang Pan
- Key Lab of Prevention, Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution, Hunan Institute of Agro-Environment and Ecology, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
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Yang Y, Wang L, Zhao H, Yan F, Li S, Guo B, Luo C, Huang X, Ji P. Utilization of KOH-modified fly ash for elimination from aqueous solutions of potentially toxic metal ions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 223:115396. [PMID: 36736756 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Long-term accumulation of toxic heavy metals in the environment was a potential hidden danger. High energy consumption, complicated operation and low adsorption capacity were the disadvantages of most current adsorbents. This study used one-step modification of fly ash (FA) by low-temperature melting method with KOH as the activator to generate modified fly ash (KFA) with high adsorption capacity to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. Various characterization results revealed a destruction that occurred on the surface structure of adsorbent, 12 times increase in specific surface area, and metal ions were successfully adsorbed onto KFA surface. Furthermore, adsorption proceeded most favorably at pH of 5, the presence of ionic strength and co-existing cations significantly influenced the adsorption effects. The description of adsorption data was more suitable by pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models. And in single system at 25 °C, for Pb(II), Cu(II), and Cd (II), the qm were 337.41, 310.09 and 125.00 mg·g-1. However, in ternary system, the qm decreased for all three ions in the order Pb(II) > Cu(II) > Cd(II), which was different from the law in single system, and the Pb(II) adsorption was found to have a significant inhibited effect on adsorption of Cd(II) and Cu(II). The adsorption mechanisms including ion exchange, electrostatic attraction and complexation were revealed. And by exploring the bioaccessibility of absorbed heavy metals in four simulated digestive fluids, it was found that KFA could load heavy metal ions and enable their release in organisms and other aquatic environments, which provided the possibility for subsequent related studies. Therefore, KFA with low energy consumption and high adsorption capacity is equipped a prospective development space on removing heavy metals from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hanghang Zhao
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fan Yan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Bin Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chi Luo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xunrong Huang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Puhui Ji
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China; Shaanxi Ghanshan Cui Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Room 202-2, Zone A, China-South Korea Industrial Park, Gaoke 3rd Road, Shaanxi Province, 712000, China.
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Wu J, Song Q, Wu Y, Liu J, Wu Z, Zhou J, Wang Y, Wu W. Application of phosphorus amendments reduces metal uptake and increases yield of Oryza saliva L. (rice) in Cd/Cu-contaminated paddy field. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 318:137875. [PMID: 36646182 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To alleviate worldwide food safety issues caused by metal contamination, an easily available material is urgently needed for extensive application. In this study, calcium magnesium phosphate fertiliser (Pcm) was applied to a Cd/Cu co-contaminated paddy field in comparison with limestone and organic fertiliser. The results showed that only Pcm is effective in simultaneously reducing Cd uptake by 56.7% and Cu uptake by 36.2% in Oryza saliva L. (rice). The rice yield, reduced mainly by Cu, also increased by 30.1% with respect to the enhancement of soil pH, cation exchange capacity and availability of phosphorus, as well as the reduction in availabilities of Cd and Cu. Additionally, Pcm dramatically shaped the bacterial community structure, with Proteobacteria and Firmicutes predominant in the soils. The beneficial genera Exiguobacterium, Citrobacter, and Acinetobacter, which are vital for phosphate dissolution and Cd/Cu immobilisation, were also enriched. The results demonstrated that the application of Pcm at 0.4% (w:w) was able to enhance both crop quantity and quality in Cd/Cu co-contaminated paddy fields by reducing Cu/Cd availability, promoting rice yield, and reshaping bacterial community structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Wu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Qingmei Song
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Yingxin Wu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China.
| | - Junjun Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Zhuohao Wu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Jingyan Zhou
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Yuntao Wang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China
| | - Wencheng Wu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 7 West Street, Yuancun, Guangzhou, 510655, PR China.
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Yang J, Liang X, Jiang N, Li Z, Zu Y. Three amendments reduced the bioavailability of heavily contaminated soil with arsenic and cadmium and increased the relative feeding value of Lolium perenne L. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157572. [PMID: 35882326 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soils heavily contaminated with arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) are fully utilized and create economic value by growing forages with high standard limits for heavy metals. In this study, 0.5 %, 1 % and 2 % of applied amounts of lime + ferrous sulfate (LF) and 0.25 %, 0.5 % and 1 % of applied amounts of Fe-modified biochar (MB) and Fe-modified eucalyptus sawdust (MC) were added to As and Cd cocontaminated soil planted with ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). The results showed that the amendment-induced changes in soil pH and cation exchange capacity (CEC) contributed to the reduction in soil available Cd, which was maximally reduced by up to 76.7 %, 27.6 % and 25.1 % under the LF, MB and MC applications, respectively. In contrast, the available As content was reduced by a maximum of 25.5 % and 23.7 % under the MB and MC treatments, respectively, while LF did not reduce the available As content of the soil. As uptake by ryegrass was not reduced under the LF treatment, but As and Cd contents in the ryegrass shoot were reduced simultaneously under the MB and MC treatments. The relative forage value of ryegrass was enhanced more by MB and MC than by the LF treatment. The lime and ferrous sulfate components of LF could be immobilized against Cd and As, respectively; by characterizing MB and MC, the more available As and Cd fractions of the soil could be converted to less available fractions by electrostatic attraction, surface precipitation or complexation and redox. These results show that the application of amendments to heavily As and Cd cocontaminated soils in combination with ryegrass cultivation can help reduce the toxicity of As and Cd and increase the RFV, a model that may be a novel solution for heavily contaminated As and Cd cocontaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmin Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xinran Liang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Na Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zuran Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Yanqun Zu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
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Qin L, Wang L, Zhao S, Sun X, Yu L, Wang M, Chen S. A new insight into Cd reduction by flooding in paddy soil: The different dominant roles of Fe and S on Cd immobilization under fluctuant pe + pH conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157604. [PMID: 35901892 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The unsteady comprehensive system of pe + pH strongly affects the fate of Cd in paddy soils. However, the specific pe + pH threshold determining Cd bioavailability is largely unknown especially considering the roles of Fe and S reduction. The experiment set different water managements to obtain paddy soil samples with unstable pe + pH, and chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization were applied to reveal the dynamic process and mechanism about how Fe and S controlled Cd mobilization. The results showed that low pe + pH was favorable to soil Cd immobilization. Compared with high and medium pe + pH, the exchangeable Cd content decreased by 67.57 % and 64.71 % at low pe + pH, respectively. The XPS results showed that the contents of Fe(II) and S(-II) increased to 65.1 % and 75.2 % at low pe + pH condition, which was higher than that in other treatments. In the process of flooding for reducing Cd mobility, first it was attributed to the formation of amorphous iron oxides that can provide amount of adsorption sites for Cd. After then, S2- began to play a dominant role to combine with Cd2+ to form CdS with continuous decreased pe + pH. Therefore, Fe and S played the different dominant roles on Cd immobilization in paddy soil, and soil pe + pH value could work as a threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Qin
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Lifu Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Shuwen Zhao
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Xiaoyi Sun
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Lei Yu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Meng Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Shibao Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
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Song X. EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT FORMS OF PRACTICING A SPORT ON ATHLETES’ NERVE FUNCTION. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202228032021_0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Poor reaction time can cause irritability, easier distractions, and interfere with normal activities that require concentration. Objective: To study the impact of simulated hypoxic training on the immune system of female middle- and long-distance runners. Methods: Observation of 50 female middle- and long-distance runners living high and training low (HiHiLo) in regard to changes in CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, NK cells and NKT cells during the process of living low and training high (LoHi). Research indicates: HiHiLo training does have a significant effect on these indicators to enhance the antioxidant capacity of the brain and nervous system. Results: Living high and training low (HiHiLo) can improve the excitability of the nervous system of long-distance endurance athletes and has a very significant impact on the stability of the nervous system. This improves cardiopulmonary function under hypoxic conditions and has a role in promoting the ability to mobilize the skeletal muscles. Conclusions: It has been proved that different forms of exercise can effectively improve the athlete’s nervous response. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
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Wu Y, Leng Z, Li J, Jia H, Yan C, Hong H, Wang Q, Lu Y, Du D. Increased fluctuation of sulfur alleviates cadmium toxicity and exacerbates the expansion of Spartina alterniflora in coastal wetlands. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118399. [PMID: 34695515 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that the invasion of Spartina alterniflora (S. alterniflora) poses potentially serious risks to the stability of coastal wetlands, an ecosystem that is extremely vulnerable to both biological and non-biological threats. However, the effects and mechanisms of sulfur (S) in mediating the growth and expansion of S. alterniflora are poorly understood, particularly when sediments are contaminated with cadmium (Cd). A 6-month greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the mediating effect of S on Cd tolerance and growth of S. alterniflora. Treatments consisted of a factorial combination of three S rates (applied as Na2SO4; 0, 500, 1000 mg kg-1 dry weight (DW), as S0, S500, and S1000) and four Cd rates (applied as CdCl2; 0, 1, 2, 4 mg kg-1 DW, as Cd0, Cd1, Cd2, and Cd4). Results showed that although the exogenous S supply obviously increased Cd accumulation in roots (up to 71.22 ± 6.43 mg kg-1 DW) due to the decrease of Fe concentration in iron plaque (down to 4.02 ± 1.18 mg g-1 DW), biomass reduction and oxidative stress in plant tissues were significantly alleviated. The addition of S significantly up-regulated the concentration of compounds related to Cd tolerance, including proline and glutathione. Therefore, the translocation of Cd was restricted, and plant growth was not impacted. The present study demonstrated that the exogenous sulfur supply could promote the growth of S. alterniflora and enhance its tolerance to Cd. Therefore, under the effects of S. alterniflora, the increased fluctuations of S pool caused by the release and deposition of S might further exacerbate S. alterniflora expansion in Cd contaminated coastal wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueming Wu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Zhanrui Leng
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jian Li
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Hui Jia
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Chongling Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Hualong Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yanyan Lu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Daolin Du
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
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Hu Y, Javed HH, Asghar MA, Peng X, Brestic M, Skalický M, Ghafoor AZ, Cheema HN, Zhang FF, Wu YC. Enhancement of Lodging Resistance and Lignin Content by Application of Organic Carbon and Silicon Fertilization in Brassica napus L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:807048. [PMID: 35251081 PMCID: PMC8891806 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.807048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the effects of organic carbon and silicon fertilizers on the lodging resistance, yield, and economic performance of rapeseed. Two cultivars, namely Jayou (lodging-resistant) and Chuannongyou (lodging-susceptible), were selected to evaluate the effects of various fertilizer treatments on rapeseed culm morphology, lignin accumulation, and their relationships with their lodging resistance indices. The results showed that both organic carbon and silicon fertilizer applications increased the plant height, basal stem diameter, internode plumpness, and bending strength of rapeseed in both the studied years. The bending strength was significantly and positively correlated with the lodging resistance index and lignin content. It was found that both organic carbon and silicon fertilizers had improved the activities of lignin biosynthesis enzymes (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, 4-coumarate:CoA ligase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, and peroxiredoxins) and their related genes to increase lignin accumulation in the culm, which ultimately improved the lodging resistance. At the same time, the thickness of the stem cortex, vascular bundle area, and xylem area was increased, and the stem strength was improved. The effect of silicon fertilizer was better than that of organic carbon fertilizer, but there was no significant difference with the mixed application of silicon fertilizer and organic carbon fertilizer. Similarly, silicon fertilizer increased the number of pods, significantly increased the yield, and improved the economic benefit, while organic carbon fertilizer had no significant effect on the yield. Therefore, we believe that organic carbon and silicon fertilizer can improve the lodging resistance of rape stems by improving the lignin accumulation and the mechanical tissue structure. Still, the effect of silicon fertilizer is the best. Considering the economic benefits, adding silicon fertilizer can obtain more net income than the mixed application of silicon fertilizer and organic carbon fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hafiz Hassan Javed
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Asghar
- Department of Biological Resources, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Xiao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Milan Skalický
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Abu Zar Ghafoor
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Fang-Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong-Cheng Wu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-Cheng Wu,
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Bottom Ash Modification via Sintering Process for Its Use as a Potential Heavy Metal Adsorbent: Sorption Kinetics and Mechanism. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14113060. [PMID: 34205219 PMCID: PMC8200004 DOI: 10.3390/ma14113060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in the environment is a critical issue, engendering ecosystem deterioration and adverse effects on human health. The main objective of this study was to evaluate heavy metal adsorbents by modifying industrial byproducts. The bottom ash was sintered and evaluated for Cd and Pb sorption. Three adsorbents (bottom ash, sintered bottom ash (SBA), and SBA mixed with microorganisms (SBMA)) were tested to evaluate the sorption kinetics and mechanism using a lab-scale batch experiment. The results showed that the highest sorption efficiency was observed for Cd (98.16%) and Pb (98.41%) with 10% SBA. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 > 0.99) represented the sorption kinetics better than the pseudo-first-order kinetic model for the SBA and SBMA, indicating that chemical precipitation could be the dominant sorption mechanism. This result is supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, demonstrating that -OH, -CO3, -O, and -S complexation was formed at the surface of the sintered materials as Cd(OH)2 and CdCO3 for Cd and PbO, and PbS for Pb. Overall, SBA could be utilized for heavy metal sorption. Further research is necessary to enhance the sorption capacity and longevity of modified industrial byproducts.
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