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Li T, Wang H, Chen X, He L. Case report: The CT features of pediatric retroperitoneal extrarenal Wilms tumor: a report of two cases and literature review. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1161603. [PMID: 37287632 PMCID: PMC10243548 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1161603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Retroperitoneal extrarenal Wilms tumor is a rare condition in children that can be easily misdiagnosed as other retroperitoneal malignancies unrelated to the renal origin. Computerized tomography scan plays a crucial role in diagnosing and distinguishing retroperitoneal malignancies. In this report, we present two cases of retroperitoneal extrarenal Wilms tumor in children who were admitted due to abdominal mass. Laboratory examination did not reveal any significant abnormality. However, a computerized tomography scan revealed a solid or cystic-solid mass in the retroperitoneum accompanied by a bone spur extending from the anterior edge of the vertebral body to the back of the mass, while the origin of the tumor remained unclear. By analyzing these two cases and reviewing previous studies on retroperitoneal extrarenal Wilms tumor in children, we summarized the clinical and imaging characteristics of this rare condition. We also found that the presence of a spinal deformity adjacent to the mass might indicate the possibility of a retroperitoneal extrarenal Wilms tumor.
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Karim A, Shaikhyzada K, Abulkhanova N, Altyn A, Ibraimov B, Nurgaliyev D, Poddighe D. Pediatric Extra-Renal Nephroblastoma (Wilms' Tumor): A Systematic Case-Based Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092563. [PMID: 37174029 PMCID: PMC10177564 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Wilms Tumor (WT) is one of the most common renal tumors in the pediatric population. Occasionally, WT can primarily develop outside the kidneys (Extra-Renal Wilms Tumor, ERWT). Most pediatric ERWTs develop in the abdominal cavity and pelvis, whereas the occurrence of this tumor in other extra-renal sites represents a minor part of ERWT cases. In addition to describing a case of spinal ERWT (associated with spinal dysraphism) in a 4-year boy (to add a further clinical experience on this very rare pediatric tumor), we performed a case-based systematic literature review on pediatric ERWT. We retrieved 72 papers providing enough information on the diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of 98 ERWT pediatric patients. Our research highlighted that a multimodal approach involving both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, after partial or complete tumor resection in most cases, was typically used, but there is no standardized therapeutic approach for this pediatric malignancy. However, this tumor may be potentially treated with a better success rate if the diagnostic confirmation is not delayed, the mass can be totally resected, and an appropriate and, possibly, tailored multimodal treatment can be promptly established. In this regard, an international agreement on a unique staging system for (pediatric) ERWT is definitely needed, as well as the development of international research, which may be able to gather several children diagnosed with ERWT and, possibly, lead to clinical trials which should also include developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akzhol Karim
- Program of Solid Oncology, Section of Pediatric Oncology, Clinical Academic Department of Pediatrics, National Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, University Medical Center (UMC), Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Kundyz Shaikhyzada
- Program of Solid Oncology, Section of Pediatric Oncology, Clinical Academic Department of Pediatrics, National Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, University Medical Center (UMC), Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Nazgul Abulkhanova
- Program of Solid Oncology, Section of Pediatric Oncology, Clinical Academic Department of Pediatrics, National Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, University Medical Center (UMC), Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Akzhunis Altyn
- Program of Solid Oncology, Section of Pediatric Oncology, Clinical Academic Department of Pediatrics, National Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, University Medical Center (UMC), Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Bakytkali Ibraimov
- Section of Pathology, Clinical Academic Department of Laboratory Medicine, Republican Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center (UMC), Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Dair Nurgaliyev
- Section of Pediatric Oncology, Clinical Academic Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center (UMC), Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Dimitri Poddighe
- Associate Professor of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Kerei-Zhanibek Str. 5/1, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
- Clinical Academic Department of Pediatrics, National Research Center for Maternal and Child Health, University Medical Center (UMC), Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
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Filizoglu N, Oksuzoglu K, Bozkurt S, Ozguven S, Erdil TY. FDG PET/CT Findings of Extrarenal Wilms Tumor Originating From the Spinal Cord. Clin Nucl Med 2021; 46:86-87. [PMID: 32956124 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000003297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Extrarenal Wilms tumor (ERWT) is an extremely rare neoplasm of childhood. It occurs predominantly in retroperitoneum and pelvic or inguinal region without involvement of the kidneys. Although the importance of FDG PET/CT in Wilms tumor is well known, its use in ERWT is limited. Herein, we present FDG PET/CT findings of a 3-year-old girl with a lumbar mass, which was later diagnosed with ERWT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuh Filizoglu
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kevser Oksuzoglu
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suheyla Bozkurt
- Department of Pathology, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Salih Ozguven
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tanju Yusuf Erdil
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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