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Huang G, Lv W, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Jin X, Liu H, Zhang T, Yang F, Lu M, Zhao Y. Investigation of the effects of irradiation and aging on the tribological behavior of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene/graphene oxide composites under water lubrication. RSC Adv 2024; 14:18161-18170. [PMID: 38854822 PMCID: PMC11155443 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01156b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene/graphene oxide (PE-UHMW/GO) composites have demonstrated potential in artificial joint applications. The tribological behavior of irradiated PE-UHMW/GO composites under water lubrication remained unclear, which limited their application range. In this study, the PE-UHMW/GO composites were gamma irradiated at 100 KGy in a vacuum and subsequently aged at 80 °C for 21 days in air. We assessed their water absorption, and mechanical and tribological properties post-treatment. Notably, gamma irradiation markedly enhanced the mechanical and tribological performance of PE-UHMW/GO composites. Irradiated composites had a 6.11% increase in compressive strength and a 25.72% increase in yield strength compared to unirradiated composites. Additionally, under water lubrication, the irradiated composites showed improved wear resistance and a reduced friction coefficient. The irradiation enhancement can be attributed to the irradiation-induced strengthening of the interface bonding between GO and PE-UHMW. Conversely, accelerated aging led to oxidative degradation, negatively impacting these properties. Aged composites exhibited lower compressive and yield strengths, higher friction coefficients, and diminished anti-wear properties compared to the irradiated composites. The wear mechanism evolved from predominantly fatigue wear in irradiated PE-UHMW/GO to a mix of abrasive and fatigue wear post-aging. While GO and aging influenced water absorption, irradiation had a minimal effect. These insights significantly contribute to the application potential of irradiated PE-UHMW/GO composites in artificial joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuxi Institute of Technology Wuxi 214121 Jiangsu China
| | - Weiwen Lv
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuxi Institute of Technology Wuxi 214121 Jiangsu China
| | - Yaowu Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuxi Institute of Technology Wuxi 214121 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuxi Institute of Technology Wuxi 214121 Jiangsu China
| | - Xuxing Jin
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuxi Institute of Technology Wuxi 214121 Jiangsu China
| | - Haowu Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuxi Institute of Technology Wuxi 214121 Jiangsu China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuxi Institute of Technology Wuxi 214121 Jiangsu China
| | - Fei Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuxi Institute of Technology Wuxi 214121 Jiangsu China
| | - Min Lu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Wuxi Institute of Technology Wuxi 214121 Jiangsu China
| | - Yongwu Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu China
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2
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Zhou H, Wu Q, Wu L, Zhao Y. In vitro hemodynamics of fabric composite membrane for cardiac valve prosthesis replacement. J Biomech 2024; 163:111956. [PMID: 38266534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.111956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the hemodynamics of a novel fabric composite that can be used as a substitute for bovine pericardium. The structure is composed of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fabric coated with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) membranes on both sides. In vitro experiments were carried out on two composite valve samples with different specifications and a bovine pericardial one with the same dimension and structure. Hemodynamic properties including the effective orifice area (EOA) and regurgitant fraction (RF) were obtained and compared through pulsatile-flow testing in a pulse duplicator. Using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique, frames of the downstream velocity field in the aortic valve chamber were captured during cardiac cycles. Then, the field of Reynolds shear stress (RSS), viscous shear stress (VSS), and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) at peak systole were calculated. A fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model has also been used to verify the pulsatile-flow testing. Compared with the bovine pericardial valve, composite valves have nosuperiority regarding EOA and RF due to their slightly higher rigidity. However, shear stresses of composite valves were lower than those of the bovine pericardial valve indicating more stable blood flows, which means that composite leaflets have the potential to reduce the risks of thrombosis and hemolysis induced by the mechanical contact between the blood flow and leaflets of valve prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhou
- Center for Composite Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qianqian Wu
- Center for Composite Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Linzhi Wu
- Center for Composite Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Ship Materials and Mechanics, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Center for Composite Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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3
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Sathishkumar S, Paulraj J, Chakraborti P, Muthuraj M. Comprehensive Review on Biomaterials and Their Inherent Behaviors for Hip Repair Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4439-4464. [PMID: 37871169 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Developing biomaterials for hip prostheses is challenging and requires dedicated attention from researchers. Hip replacement is an inevitable and remarkable orthopedic therapy for enhancing the quality of patient life for those who have arthritis as well as trauma. Generally, five types of hip replacement procedures are successfully performed in the current medical market: total hip replacements, hip resurfacing, hemiarthroplasty, bipolar, and dual mobility systems. The average life span of artificial hip joints is about 15 years, and several studies have been conducted over the last 60 years to improve the performance and thereby increase the lifespan of artificial hip joints. Present-day prosthetic hip joints are linked to the wide availability of biomaterials. Metals, ceramics, and polymers are some of the most promising types of biomaterials; nevertheless, each biomaterial has advantages and disadvantages. Metals and ceramics fail in most applications owing to stress shielding and the emission of wear debris; ongoing research is being carried out to find a remedy to these unfavorable responses. Recent research found that polymers and composites based on polymers are significant alternative materials for artificial joints. With growing research and several biomaterials, recent reviews lag in effectively addressing hip implant materials' individual mechanical, tribological, and physiological behaviors. This Review comprehensively investigates the historical evolution of artificial hip replacement procedures and related biomaterials' mechanical, tribological, and biological characteristics. In addition, the most recent advances are also discussed to stimulate and guide future researchers as they seek more effective methods and synthesis of innovative biomaterials for hip arthroplasty application.
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4
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Taha M, Fouly A, Abdo HS, Alnaser IA, Abouzeid R, Nabhan A. Unveiling the Potential of Rice Straw Nanofiber-Reinforced HDPE for Biomedical Applications: Investigating Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:366. [PMID: 37504861 PMCID: PMC10381549 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficient utilization of rice waste has the potential to significantly contribute to environmental sustainability by minimizing the waste impact on the environment. Through repurposing such waste, novel materials can be developed for various biomedical applications. This approach not only mitigates waste, but it also promotes the adoption of sustainable materials within the industry. In this research, rice-straw-derived nanofibers (RSNFs) were utilized as a reinforcement material for high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The rice-straw-derived nanofibers were incorporated at different concentrations (1, 2, 3, and 4 wt.%) into the HDPE. The composites were fabricated using twin-screw extrusion (to ensure homogenous distribution) and the injection-molding process (to crease the test samples). Then, the mechanical strengths and frictional performances of the bio-composites were assessed. Different characterization techniques were utilized to investigate the morphology of the RSNFs. Thermal analyses (TGA/DTG/DSC), the contact angle, and XRD were utilized to study the performances of the HDPE/RSNF composites. The study findings demonstrated that the addition of RSNFs as a reinforcement to the HDPE improved the hydrophilicity, strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the proposed bio-composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Taha
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Sadat Road, Aswan 81511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Fouly
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany S Abdo
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A Alnaser
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ragab Abouzeid
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Ahmed Nabhan
- Department of Production Engineering and Mechanical Design, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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5
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Yang X, Zhang Z, Xiang Y, Sun Q, Xia Y, Xiong Z. Superior Enhancement of the UHMWPE Fiber/Epoxy Interface through the Combination of Plasma Treatment and Polypyrrole In-Situ Grown Fibers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102265. [PMID: 37242840 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obtaining a robust fiber/matrix interface is crucial for enhancing the mechanical performance of fiber-reinforced composites. This study addresses the issue by presenting a novel physical-chemical modification method to improve the interfacial property of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber and epoxy resin. The UHMWPE fiber was successfully grafted with polypyrrole (PPy) for the first time after a plasma treatment in an atmosphere of mixed oxygen and nitrogen. The results demonstrated that the maximum value of the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of the UHMWPE fiber/epoxy reached 15.75 MPa, which was significantly enhanced by 357% compared to the pristine UHMWPE fiber. Meanwhile, the tensile strength of the UHMWPE fiber was only slightly reduced by 7.3%, which was furtherly verified by the Weibull distribution analysis. The surface morphology and structure of the PPy in-situ grown UHMWPE fibers were studied using SEM, FTIR, and contact angle measurement. The results showed that the enhancement of the interfacial performance was attributed to the increased fiber surface roughness and in-situ grown groups, which improved the surface wettability between the UHMWPE fibers and epoxy resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion & Impact and Disaster Prevention & Mitigation, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, China
| | - Zhongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion & Impact and Disaster Prevention & Mitigation, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, China
| | - Yuhang Xiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion & Impact and Disaster Prevention & Mitigation, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, China
| | - Qingya Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yilu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion & Impact and Disaster Prevention & Mitigation, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, China
| | - Ziming Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion & Impact and Disaster Prevention & Mitigation, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, China
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Kumar A, Nighojkar A, Varma P, Prakash NJ, Kandasubramanian B, Zimmermann K, Dixit F. Algal mediated intervention for the retrieval of emerging pollutants from aqueous media. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131568. [PMID: 37187121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Water is a crucial elemental contributor for all sectors; however, the agricultural sector alone accounts for 70% of the world's total water withdrawal. The anthropogenic activity from various industries including agriculture, textiles, plastics, leather, and defence has resulted in the release of contaminants into water systems, resulting harm to the ecosystem and biotic community. Algae-based organic pollutant removal uses several methods, such as biosorption, bioaccumulation, biotransformation, and biodegradation. The adsorption of methylene blue by algal species Chlamydomonas sp. showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 2744.5 mg/g with 96.13% removal efficiency; on the other hand, Isochrysis galbana demonstrated a maximum of 707 µg/g nonylphenol accumulation in the cell with 77% removal efficiency indicating the potential of algal systems as efficient retrieval system for organic contaminants. This paper is a compilation of detailed information about biosorption, bioaccumulation, biotransformation, biodegradation, and their mechanism, along with the genetic alteration of algal biomass. Where the genetic engineering and mutations on algae can be advantageously utilized for the enhancement of removal efficiency without any secondary toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Kumar
- Sustainable and Green Technology Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune 411025, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amrita Nighojkar
- Sustainable and Green Technology Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune 411025, Maharashtra, India
| | - Payal Varma
- Microbiology Department, Sinhgad College of Science, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India
| | - Niranjana Jaya Prakash
- Sustainable and Green Technology Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune 411025, Maharashtra, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Sustainable and Green Technology Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune 411025, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Karl Zimmermann
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Fuhar Dixit
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, USA
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7
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Zhou H, Wu Q, Wu L, Zhao Y. Mechanical behaviors of high-strength fabric composite membrane designed for cardiac valve prosthesis replacement. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 142:105863. [PMID: 37116312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Bovine pericardium has been commonly used as leaflets in cardiac valve prosthesis replacement for decades because of its good short-term hemocompatibility and hemodynamic performance. However, fatigue, abrasion, permanent deformation, calcification, and many other failure modes have been reported as well. The degradation of the performance will have a serious impact on the function of valve prostheses, posing a risk to the patient's health. This study aimed to introduce a flexible fabric composite with better mechanical performance such that it can be employed as a substitute material for bioprosthetic valve leaflets. This composite has a multilayered thin film structure made of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fabric and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) membranes. The mechanical properties of three specifications with different design parameters were tested. The tensile strength, shear behavior, tear resistance, and bending stiffness of the composites were characterized and compared to those of bovine pericardium. A constitutive model was also established to describe the composites' mechanical behaviors and predict their strength. According to the results of the tests, the composite could maintain a flexible bending stiffness with high in-plane tensile strength and tear strength. Therefore, bioprosthetic valve made of this substitute material can withstand harsher loads in the blood flow environment than those made of bovine pericardium. Moreover, all these test results and constitutive models can be used in future research to evaluate hemodynamic performance and clinical applications of fabric composite valve prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhou
- Center for Composite Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China; National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Qianqian Wu
- Center for Composite Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China; National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Linzhi Wu
- Center for Composite Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China; National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Ship Materials and Mechanics, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Center for Composite Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China; National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
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8
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Zhou Y, Lima TA, Hinton ZR, Henry CK, Anand M, Alvarez NJ. A novel scCO2 dyeing strategy for superior coloration of UHMWPE fiber. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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9
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Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Modifications Produced by Carbon Nanotubes and Fe 2O 3 Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051169. [PMID: 36904413 PMCID: PMC10007278 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Thin sheets of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), both in pristine form and containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) at different concentrations, were prepared. The CNT and Fe2O3 NP weight percentages used ranged from 0.01% to 1%. The presence of CNTs and Fe2O3 NPs in UHMWPE was confirmed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy and by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis (EDS). The effects of the embedded nanostructures on the UHMWPE samples were studied using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The ATR-FTIR spectra show the characteristic features of the UHMWPE, CNTs, and Fe2O3. Concerning the optical properties, regardless of the type of embedded nanostructures, an increase in the optical absorption was observed. The allowed direct optical energy gap value was determined from the optical absorption spectra: in both cases, it decreases with increasing CNT or Fe2O3 NP concentrations. The obtained results will be presented and discussed.
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10
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Modica F, Basile V, Surace R, Fassi I. Replication Study of Molded Micro-Textured Samples Made of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene for Medical Applications. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:523. [PMID: 36984930 PMCID: PMC10051488 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In articular joint implants, polymeric inserts are usually exploited for on-contact sliding surfaces to guarantee low friction and wear, a high load-bearing capacity, impact strength and stiffness, and biocompatibility. Surface micro-structuring can drastically reduce friction and wear by promoting hydrostatic friction due to synovial fluid. Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a suitable material for these applications due to its strong chemical resistance, excellent resistance to stress, cracking, abrasion, and wear, and self-lubricating property. However, surface micro-texturing of UHMWPE is hardly achievable with the currently available processes. The present study investigates UHMWPE's micro-textured surface replication capability via injection molding, comparing the results with the more easily processable High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE). Four different micro-texture cavities were designed and fabricated on a steel mold by micro-EDM milling, and used for the experimental campaign. Complete samples were fabricated with both materials. Then, the mold and samples were geometrically characterized, considering the dimensions of the features and the texture layout. The replication analysis showed that HDPE samples present geometrical errors that span from 1% to 9% resulting in an average error of 4.3%. In comparison, the UHMWPE samples display a higher variability, although still acceptable, with percentage errors ranging from 2% to 31% and an average error of 11.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Modica
- CNR-STIIMA Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing, Via P. Lembo, 38F, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Basile
- CNR-STIIMA Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing, Via P. Lembo, 38F, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Rossella Surace
- CNR-STIIMA Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing, Via P. Lembo, 38F, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Irene Fassi
- CNR-STIIMA Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing, Via A. Corti, 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Krieg D, Sergeieva O, Jungkind S, Rennert M, Nase M. Influence of E‐beam irradiation on compounds from linear low density polyethylene and thermoplastic vulcanized rubber consisting of a polypropylene and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber phase. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Krieg
- Institute for Biopolymers (ibp) at Hof University of Applied Sciences Hof Germany
| | - Olena Sergeieva
- Institute for Biopolymers (ibp) at Hof University of Applied Sciences Hof Germany
| | - Sabine Jungkind
- Institute for Biopolymers (ibp) at Hof University of Applied Sciences Hof Germany
| | - Mirko Rennert
- Institute for Biopolymers (ibp) at Hof University of Applied Sciences Hof Germany
| | - Michael Nase
- Institute for Biopolymers (ibp) at Hof University of Applied Sciences Hof Germany
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12
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Zaharescu T, Nicula N, Râpă M, Iordoc M, Tsakiris V, Marinescu VE. Structural Insights into LDPE/UHMWPE Blends Processed by γ-Irradiation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030696. [PMID: 36771997 PMCID: PMC9920361 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) matrices containing low-density polyethylene (LDPE), hydroxyapatite (HAp) as filler, and rosemary extract (RM) as stabilizer were investigated for their qualification for long-term applications. The significant contributions of the blend components were analyzed, and variations in mechanical properties, oxidation strength, thermal behavior, crystallinity, and wettability were discussed. SEM images of microstructural peculiarities completed the introspective survey. The stability improvement due to the presence of both additives was an increase in the total degradation period of 67% in comparison with an unmodified HDPE/UHMWPE blend when the materials were subjected to a 50 kGy γ-dose. There was growth in activation energies from 121 kJ mol-1 to 139 kJ mol-1 when HAp and rosemary extract delayed oxidation. The exposure of samples to the action of γ-rays was found to be a proper procedure for accomplishing accelerated oxidative degradation. The presence of rosemary extract and HAp powder significantly increased the thermal and oxidation resistances. The calculation of material lifetimes at various temperatures provided meaningful information on the wearability and integrity of the inspected composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Traian Zaharescu
- INCDIE ICPE CA, 3131 Splaiul Unirii, 030138 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (T.Z.); (N.N.)
| | - Nicoleta Nicula
- INCDIE ICPE CA, 3131 Splaiul Unirii, 030138 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (T.Z.); (N.N.)
| | - Maria Râpă
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Iordoc
- INCDIE ICPE CA, 3131 Splaiul Unirii, 030138 Bucharest, Romania
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13
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Singh DK, Verma RK. Development of zirconia-modified polymer nanocomposites for Artificial Bio-Bearing (ABB) Applications. INTERNATIONAL NANO LETTERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s40089-023-00393-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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14
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Wu SL, Qiao J, Guan J, Chen HM, Wang T, Wang C, Wang Y. Nascent disentangled UHMWPE: Origin, synthesis, processing, performances and applications. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Bellare A, Carvalho BL. The role of lamellar morphology on the post-irradiation oxidative degradation of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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Adaval A, Subash CK, Shafeeq VH, Singh S, Maji PK, Aslam M, Turney TW, Simon GP, Bhattacharyya AR. Exploring interfacial interactions, dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/graphene oxide nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Adaval
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
- IITB‐Monash Research Academy Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India
| | | | - Valiyaveetil H. Shafeeq
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India
| | - Shiva Singh
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Saharanpur India
| | - Pradip K. Maji
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Saharanpur India
| | - Mohammed Aslam
- Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India
| | - Terence W. Turney
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - George P. Simon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Arup R. Bhattacharyya
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India
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17
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Babu NBK, Mensah RA, Shanmugam V, Rashedi A, Athimoolam P, Aseer JR, Das O. Self‐reinforced polymer composites: An opportunity to recycle plastic wastes and their future trends. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- NB Karthik Babu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Assam Energy Institute A Centre of Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology Sivasagar India
| | - Rhoda Afriyie Mensah
- Structural and Fire Engineering Division, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Luleå University of Technology Luleå Sweden
| | - Vigneshwaran Shanmugam
- Structural and Fire Engineering Division, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Luleå University of Technology Luleå Sweden
| | - Ahmad Rashedi
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
| | - Pugazhenthi Athimoolam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University College of Engineering Dindigul Dindigul India
| | - J. Ronald Aseer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Puducherry Karaikal India
| | - Oisik Das
- Structural and Fire Engineering Division, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Luleå University of Technology Luleå Sweden
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18
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Composite Coatings for Osteoblast Growth Attachment Fabricated by Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142934. [PMID: 35890714 PMCID: PMC9322700 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioactive and biocompatible properties of hydroxyapatite (HAp) promote the osseointegration process. HAp is widely used in biomedical applications, especially in orthopedics, as well as a coating material for metallic implants. We obtained composite coatings based on HAp, chitosan (CS), and FGF2 by a matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) technique. The coatings were physico-chemically investigated by means of X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Infrared Microscopy (IRM), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Further, biological investigations were performed. The MAPLE-composite coatings were tested in vitro on the MC3T3-E1 cell line in order to endorse cell attachment and growth without toxic effects and to promote pre-osteoblast differentiation towards the osteogenic lineage. These coatings can be considered suitable for bone tissue engineering applications that lack toxicity and promotes cell adhesion and proliferation while also sustaining the differentiation of pre-osteoblasts towards mature bone cells.
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19
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Zhang H, Guo Y, Tian F, Qiao Y, Tang Z, Zhu C, Xu J. Discussion of Orientation and Performance of Crosslinked Ultrahigh-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Used for Artificial Joints. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:29230-29237. [PMID: 35700194 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Previously, the orientation structure of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) for artificial joints was considered to be unchanged after irradiation crosslinking. Therefore, much of the research related to the long-term failure of artificial joints has focused on material improvements. In this study, ultrasmall-angle X-ray scattering (USAXS) and the small/wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS-WAXS) combined technique reveal that the orientation structures of UHMWPE materials at all scales (nanoscale to microscale) are responsible for the long-term failure of artificial joints. To further illustrate the formation of these hierarchical oriented structures, a simple model is presented. In this model, first, the migration of free radicals plays a vital role, and the different steric hindrances in different directions directly lead to uneven migration behavior of free radicals. Second, the uneven migration of free radicals contributes to an inhomogeneous concentration of free radicals, thus resulting in observable crosslinking nonuniformities. Finally, all the hierarchical structural nonuniformities promote long-term failure of artificial joints after long-term wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yuhai Guo
- College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yongna Qiao
- Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Caizhen Zhu
- Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jian Xu
- College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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20
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Subash A, Basanth A, Kandasubramanian B. Biodegradable polyphosphazene – hydroxyapatite composites for bone tissue engineering. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2022.2082426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alsha Subash
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Nano Surface Texturing Laboratory, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abina Basanth
- Biopolymer Science, CIPET: Institute of Plastics Technology (IPT), Kochi, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Nano Surface Texturing Laboratory, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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21
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Wahed SB, Dunstan CR, Boughton PA, Ruys AJ, Faisal SN, Wahed TB, Salahuddin B, Cheng X, Zhou Y, Wang CH, Islam MS, Aziz S. Functional Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Composites for Ligament Reconstructions and Their Targeted Applications in the Restoration of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112189. [PMID: 35683861 PMCID: PMC9182730 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The selection of biomaterials as biomedical implants is a significant challenge. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and composites of such kind have been extensively used in medical implants, notably in the bearings of the hip, knee, and other joint prostheses, owing to its biocompatibility and high wear resistance. For the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) graft, synthetic UHMWPE is an ideal candidate due to its biocompatibility and extremely high tensile strength. However, significant problems are observed in UHMWPE based implants, such as wear debris and oxidative degradation. To resolve the issue of wear and to enhance the life of UHMWPE as an implant, in recent years, this field has witnessed numerous innovative methodologies such as biofunctionalization or high temperature melting of UHMWPE to enhance its toughness and strength. The surface functionalization/modification/treatment of UHMWPE is very challenging as it requires optimizing many variables, such as surface tension and wettability, active functional groups on the surface, irradiation, and protein immobilization to successfully improve the mechanical properties of UHMWPE and reduce or eliminate the wear or osteolysis of the UHMWPE implant. Despite these difficulties, several surface roughening, functionalization, and irradiation processing technologies have been developed and applied in the recent past. The basic research and direct industrial applications of such material improvement technology are very significant, as evidenced by the significant number of published papers and patents. However, the available literature on research methodology and techniques related to material property enhancement and protection from wear of UHMWPE is disseminated, and there is a lack of a comprehensive source for the research community to access information on the subject matter. Here we provide an overview of recent developments and core challenges in the surface modification/functionalization/irradiation of UHMWPE and apply these findings to the case study of UHMWPE for ACL repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia B. Wahed
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (C.R.D.); (P.A.B.); (A.J.R.); (X.C.)
- Correspondence: (S.B.W.); (S.A.)
| | - Colin R. Dunstan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (C.R.D.); (P.A.B.); (A.J.R.); (X.C.)
| | - Philip A. Boughton
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (C.R.D.); (P.A.B.); (A.J.R.); (X.C.)
| | - Andrew J. Ruys
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (C.R.D.); (P.A.B.); (A.J.R.); (X.C.)
| | - Shaikh N. Faisal
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science & Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;
| | - Tania B. Wahed
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar 1342, Bangladesh;
| | - Bidita Salahuddin
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Xinying Cheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (C.R.D.); (P.A.B.); (A.J.R.); (X.C.)
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (Y.Z.); (C.H.W.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (Y.Z.); (C.H.W.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Chun H. Wang
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (Y.Z.); (C.H.W.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Mohammad S. Islam
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (Y.Z.); (C.H.W.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Shazed Aziz
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
- Correspondence: (S.B.W.); (S.A.)
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22
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Finite Element Analysis Contact Stresses on Tibiofemoral Joint and Post Polyethylene Components Used to Evaluated Predesign Knee Implant. JOURNAL OF BIOMIMETICS BIOMATERIALS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.4028/p-uv1qax] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
At the time of prayer, most Muslims kneel with fully extended limbs (between 150° and 165°). Meanwhile, incidents such as hyperflexion in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) implant outside their designated configuration can lead wear or fracture of the polyethylene component. In this study, polyethylene component of posterior-stabilized right knee joint implant have been developed to facilitate higher range of motion (ROM). Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to analyze contact stresses on the polyethylene component. FEA was used to simulate weight-bearing condition at 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 150° of knee flexion. Modified polyethylene component results in better performance in terms of contact stresses, especially at 120° of knee flexion. Current result shows contact stresses above 120 MPa were measured at the posterior post polyethylene, when 4000 N force was applied. Minimum contact stress on the medial condyles was 630 KPa at 120° of knee flexion, while on the lateral condyles, the minimum contact stress was 250 KPa at 150° of knee flexion. With this finding, the current polyethylene component design is expected to accommodate deep knee flexion movement in daily activities and can reduce potential of wear or fracture of the polyethylene component during deep knee flexion.
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23
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3D Neuronal Cell Culture Modeling Based on Highly Porous Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072087. [PMID: 35408484 PMCID: PMC9000589 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell culturing methods in its classical 2D approach have limitations associated with altered cell morphology, gene expression patterns, migration, cell cycle and proliferation. Moreover, high throughput drug screening is mainly performed on 2D cell cultures which are physiologically far from proper cell functions resulting in inadequate hit-compounds which subsequently fail. A shift to 3D culturing protocols could solve issues with altered cell biochemistry and signaling which would lead to a proper recapitulation of physiological conditions in test systems. Here, we examined porous ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) as an inexpensive and robust material with varying pore sizes for cell culturing. We tested and developed culturing protocols for immortalized human neuroblastoma and primary mice hippocampal cells which resulted in high rate of cell penetration within one week of cultivation. UHMWPE was additionally functionalized with gelatin, poly-L-lysine, BSA and chitosan, resulting in increased cell penetrations of the material. We have also successfully traced GFP-tagged cells which were grown on a UHMWPE sample after one week from implantation into mice brain. Our findings highlight the importance of UHMWPE use as a 3D matrix and show new possibilities arising from the use of cheap and chemically homogeneous material for studying various types of cell-surface interactions further improving cell adhesion, viability and biocompatibility.
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24
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Chaudhary K, Kandasubramanian B. Self-Healing Nanofibers for Engineering Applications. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c04602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Chaudhary
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Deemed University (DU), Pune, 411025, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Deemed University (DU), Pune, 411025, India
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25
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Belhamdi H, Kouini B, Grasso A, Scolaro C, Sili A, Visco A. Tribological behavior of biomedical grade
UHMWPE
with graphite‐based fillers against
EBM‐Ti6Al4V pin
under various lubricating conditions. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossem Belhamdi
- Research Unit: Materials, Processes, and Environment (RU/MPE) M'Hamed Bougara University Boumerdes Algeria
- Department of Engineering University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Benalia Kouini
- Laboratory of Coatings, Materials, and Environment M'Hamed Bougara University Boumerdes Algeria
| | - Antonio Grasso
- Department of Engineering University of Messina Messina Italy
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials ‐ CNR IPCB Catania Italy
| | | | - Andrea Sili
- Department of Engineering University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Annamaria Visco
- Department of Engineering University of Messina Messina Italy
- Institute for Polymers Composites and Biomaterials ‐ CNR IPCB Catania Italy
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26
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Khan AN, Ramasamy A, Mahajan P, Das A. Multi-parametric investigation on the properties of powder-coated UHMWPE /LDPE towpreg manufactured through wet-electrostatic technique. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Polyolefins and Polyethylene Terephthalate Package Wastes: Recycling and Use in Composites. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14217306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Plastics are versatile materials used in a variety of sectors that have seen a rapid increase in their global production. Millions of tonnes of plastic wastes are generated each year, which puts pressure on plastic waste management methods to prevent their accumulation within the environment. Recycling is an attractive disposal method and aids the initiative of a circular plastic economy, but recycling still has challenges to overcome. This review starts with an overview of the current European recycling strategies for solid plastic waste and the challenges faced. Emphasis lies on the recycling of polyolefins (POs) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) which are found in plastic packaging, as packaging contributes a signification proportion to solid plastic wastes. Both sections, the recycling of POs and PET, discuss the sources of wastes, chemical and mechanical recycling, effects of recycling on the material properties, strategies to improve the performance of recycled POs and PET, and finally the applications of recycled POs and PET. The review concludes with a discussion of the future potential and opportunities of recycled POs and PET.
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28
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Sonatkar J, Kandasubramanian B. Bioactive glass with biocompatible polymers for bone applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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29
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Chan JX, Wong JF, Petrů M, Hassan A, Nirmal U, Othman N, Ilyas RA. Effect of Nanofillers on Tribological Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites: A Review on Recent Development. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2867. [PMID: 34502906 PMCID: PMC8433795 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites with enhanced performances are becoming a trend in the current research field, overcoming the limitations of bulk polymer and meeting the demands of market and society in tribological applications. Polytetrafluoroethylene, poly(ether ether ketone) and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene are the most popular polymers in recent research on tribology. Current work comprehensively reviews recent advancements of polymer nanocomposites in tribology. The influence of different types of nanofiller, such as carbon-based nanofiller, silicon-based nanofiller, metal oxide nanofiller and hybrid nanofiller, on the tribological performance of thermoplastic and thermoset nanocomposites is discussed. Since the tribological properties of polymer nanocomposites are not intrinsic but are dependent on sliding conditions, direct comparison between different types of nanofiller or the same nanofiller of different morphologies and structures is not feasible. Friction and wear rate are normalized to indicate relative improvement by different fillers. Emphasis is given to the effect of nanofiller content and surface modification of nanofillers on friction, wear resistance, wear mechanism and transfer film formation of its nanocomposites. Limitations from the previous works are addressed and future research on tribology of polymer nanocomposites is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xin Chan
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia; (J.X.C.); (J.F.W.); (N.O.); (R.A.I.)
| | - Joon Fatt Wong
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia; (J.X.C.); (J.F.W.); (N.O.); (R.A.I.)
| | - Michal Petrů
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic;
| | - Azman Hassan
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia; (J.X.C.); (J.F.W.); (N.O.); (R.A.I.)
| | - Umar Nirmal
- Center of Advanced Mechanical and Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Multimedia University, Jalan Ayer Keroh Lama, Melaka 75450, Malaysia;
| | - Norhayani Othman
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia; (J.X.C.); (J.F.W.); (N.O.); (R.A.I.)
| | - Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia; (J.X.C.); (J.F.W.); (N.O.); (R.A.I.)
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30
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Da Silva Chagas NP, De Fátima Vieira Marques M. Effect of polyalphaolefin oils as a solvent in gel‐spinning of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene fibers. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Pirahi Da Silva Chagas
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano (IMA) Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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31
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Nayak C, Balani K. Effects of reinforcements and
gamma‐irradiation
on wear performance of
ultra‐high
molecular weight polyethylene as acetabular cup liner in
hip‐joint
arthroplasty: A review. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chinmayee Nayak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur India
| | - Kantesh Balani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur India
- Advanced Centre for Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur India
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32
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Dabees S, Kamel BM, Tirth V, Elshalakny AB. Experimental design of Al 2O 3/MWCNT/HDPE hybrid nanocomposites for hip joint replacement. Bioengineered 2021; 11:679-692. [PMID: 32543986 PMCID: PMC8291848 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1775943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fracture in the hip joint is a major and quite common health issue, particularly for the elderly. The loads exploited by the lower limbs are very acute and severe; in the femur, they can be several folds higher than the whole weight of the body. Nanotechnology and nanocomposites offer great potential in biomedical applications. The organic materials are more biocompatible. Mechanical properties like strength and hardness are challenging parameters which control the selection of a joint. HDPE in its pure form has been successfully used as a prosthetic foot (external) but failed as an implant material due to limited mechanical properties. High-density polyethylene thermoplastic polymer (HDPE) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)/Nano-Alumina is selected as a potential material for a biomedical implant and its mechanical properties and biocompatibility have been discussed. HDPE/MWCNT/Alumina (Al2O3) nanocomposites have not been explored yet for prosthetic implants. These nanocomposites were prepared in this investigation in different compositions. Prepared material has been physiochemically characterized to check the morphology and the structure. MWCNTs enhanced hardness and elastic modulus of the HDPE. Optimization of the material composition revealed that hybrid composite with structure (2.4% Al2O3 and 0.6% MWCNT) exhibits better mechanical properties compared to other ratios with 3% MWCNTs and 5% MWCNTs. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) dedicates that the percentage of crystallization has been increased to 6% after adding MWCNT to HDPE. The moisture absorption decreased to 90% with 5% MWCNT. Experimental results of Colorimetric assay (MTT) of a normal human epithelial cell line (1- BJ1) over Al2O3/MWCNT@HDPE showed <20% cytotoxic activity, proving its acceptance for medical use. HDPE/MWCNT/Al2O3 nanocomposites emerged as a candidate material for artificial joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Dabees
- Department of Engineering, Klaipeda University , Klaipeda, Lithuania
| | - Bahaa M Kamel
- Mechanical Engineering Department, National Research Centre , Giza, Egypt
| | - Vineet Tirth
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University , Asir, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University , Asir, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abou Bakr Elshalakny
- Production Engineering and Printing Technology Department, Akhbar El Yom Academy , Giza, Egypt
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33
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Kausar A. Polymer/MXene nanocomposite–a new age for advanced materials. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2021.1906901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Kausar
- Nanosciences Division, National Center For Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
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34
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Panin SV, Buslovich DG, Dontsov YV, Bochkareva SA, Kornienko LA, Berto F. UHMWPE-Based Glass-Fiber Composites Fabricated by FDM. Multiscaling Aspects of Design, Manufacturing and Performance. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14061515. [PMID: 33808909 PMCID: PMC8003805 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the paper was to improve the functional properties of composites based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) by loading with reinforcing fibers. It was achieved by designing the optimal composition for its subsequent use as a feedstock for 3D-printing of guides for roller and plate chains, conveyors, etc. As a result, it was experimentally determined that loading UHMWPE with 17% high density polyethylene grafted with VinylTriMethoxySilane (HDPE-g-VTMS) was able to bind 5% glass fillers of different aspect ratios, thereby determining the optimal mechanical and tribological properties of the composites. Further increasing the content of the glass fillers caused a deterioration in their tribological properties due to insufficient adhesion of the extrudable matrix due to the excessive filler loading. A multi-level approach was implemented to design the high-strength anti-friction ‘UHMWPE+17%HDPE-g-VTMS+12%PP’-based composites using computer-aided algorithms. This resulted in the determination of the main parameters that provided their predefined mechanical and tribological properties and enabled the assessment of the possible load-speed conditions for their operation in friction units. The uniform distribution of the fillers in the matrix, the pattern of the formed supermolecular structure and, as a consequence, the mechanical and tribological properties of the composites were achieved by optimizing the values of the main control parameters (the number of processing passes in the extruder and the aspect ratio of the glass fillers).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V. Panin
- Laboratory of Mechanics of Polymer Composite Materials, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (D.G.B.); (Y.V.D.); (S.A.B.); (L.A.K.)
- Department of Materials Science, Engineering School of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634030 Tomsk, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-3822-286-904
| | - Dmitry G. Buslovich
- Laboratory of Mechanics of Polymer Composite Materials, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (D.G.B.); (Y.V.D.); (S.A.B.); (L.A.K.)
- Department of Materials Science, Engineering School of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634030 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yuri V. Dontsov
- Laboratory of Mechanics of Polymer Composite Materials, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (D.G.B.); (Y.V.D.); (S.A.B.); (L.A.K.)
- Department of Materials Science, Engineering School of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634030 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana A. Bochkareva
- Laboratory of Mechanics of Polymer Composite Materials, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (D.G.B.); (Y.V.D.); (S.A.B.); (L.A.K.)
| | - Lyudmila A. Kornienko
- Laboratory of Mechanics of Polymer Composite Materials, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science SB RAS, 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (D.G.B.); (Y.V.D.); (S.A.B.); (L.A.K.)
| | - Filippo Berto
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
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Shcherbakov AB, Reukov VV, Yakimansky AV, Krasnopeeva EL, Ivanova OS, Popov AL, Ivanov VK. CeO 2 Nanoparticle-Containing Polymers for Biomedical Applications: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:924. [PMID: 33802821 PMCID: PMC8002506 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of advanced composite biomaterials combining the versatility and biodegradability of polymers and the unique characteristics of metal oxide nanoparticles unveils new horizons in emerging biomedical applications, including tissue regeneration, drug delivery and gene therapy, theranostics and medical imaging. Nanocrystalline cerium(IV) oxide, or nanoceria, stands out from a crowd of other metal oxides as being a truly unique material, showing great potential in biomedicine due to its low systemic toxicity and numerous beneficial effects on living systems. The combination of nanoceria with new generations of biomedical polymers, such as PolyHEMA (poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-based hydrogels, electrospun nanofibrous polycaprolactone or natural-based chitosan or cellulose, helps to expand the prospective area of applications by facilitating their bioavailability and averting potential negative effects. This review describes recent advances in biomedical polymeric material practices, highlights up-to-the-minute cerium oxide nanoparticle applications, as well as polymer-nanoceria composites, and aims to address the question: how can nanoceria enhance the biomedical potential of modern polymeric materials?
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B. Shcherbakov
- Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | - Vladimir V. Reukov
- Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Interiors, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA;
| | - Alexander V. Yakimansky
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.Y.); (E.L.K.)
| | - Elena L. Krasnopeeva
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.Y.); (E.L.K.)
| | - Olga S. Ivanova
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (O.S.I.); (A.L.P.)
| | - Anton L. Popov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (O.S.I.); (A.L.P.)
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir K. Ivanov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (O.S.I.); (A.L.P.)
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Suraj Belgaonkar M, Kandasubramanian B. Hyperbranched Polymer-based Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Progress, and Applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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37
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Zhang K, Peng X, Cheng C, Zhao Y, Yu X. Preparation, characterization, and feasibility study of Sr/Zn-doped CPP/GNS/UHMWPE composites as an artificial joint component with enhanced hardness, impact strength, tribological and biological performance. RSC Adv 2021; 11:21991-21999. [PMID: 35480824 PMCID: PMC9034157 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02401a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to solve the problem of aseptic loosening of artificial joints resulting from the wear particles of artificial joint components in total joint replacement (TJR), we synthesized a new kind of metalo-organic particle (Sr/Zn-doped CPP/GNS) using spark plasma sintering (SPS) as a filler to enhance the comprehensive performance of UHMWPE. Sr/Zn-doped CPP/GNS was interfused evenly with UHMWPE particles and cured in a hot press instrument to prepare Sr/Zn-doped CPP/GNS/UHMWPE composites. FTIR and SEM were carried out to characterize Sr/Zn-doped CPP/GNS particles. EDS was carried out to characterize Sr/Zn-doped CPP/GNS/UHMWPE. The micro-structure, hardness, impact strength, tribology and bio-activities of Sr/Zn-doped CPP/GNS/UHMWPE composite materials were also investigated. The results confirmed the effectiveness of this method. The hardness, impact strength, and tribology of the composites were enhanced by adding homodispersed Sr/Zn-doped CPP/GNS particles into UHMWPE. In the meantime, Sr/Zn-doped CPP/GNS/UHMWPE composites could significantly promote the growth of osteoblasts due to the bio-activity of Sr/Zn-doped CPP/GNS. Furthermore, the addition of Sr/Zn-doped CPP/GNS particle-fillers into UHMWPE could promote the secretion of OPG from osteoblasts and inhibit the secretion of RANKL from osteoblasts, and thus increase the OPG/RANKL ratio. All the results above showed that Sr/Zn-doped CPP/GNS/UHMWPE composites with appropriate Sr/Zn-doped CPP/GNS content possessed superior physicochemical performances and bio-properties, and could be considered as promising materials to treat aseptic loosening in total joint replacement. A new kind of metalo-organic particle (Sr/Zn-doped CPP/GNS), synthesized using spark plasma sintering (SPS), was used as a filler to enhance the comprehensive performance of UHMWPE for applications in joint replacement.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- P. R. China
| | - Xu Peng
- Experimental and Research Animal Institute
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- P. R. China
| | - Can Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- P. R. China
| | - Xixun Yu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- P. R. China
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Guerrieri AN, Montesi M, Sprio S, Laranga R, Mercatali L, Tampieri A, Donati DM, Lucarelli E. Innovative Options for Bone Metastasis Treatment: An Extensive Analysis on Biomaterials-Based Strategies for Orthopedic Surgeons. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:589964. [PMID: 33123519 PMCID: PMC7573123 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.589964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is the third most frequent site of metastasis, with a particular incidence in breast and prostate cancer patients. For example, almost 70% of breast cancer patients develop several bone metastases in the late stage of the disease. Bone metastases are a challenge for clinicians and a burden for patients because they frequently cause pain and can lead to fractures. Unfortunately, current therapeutic options are in most cases only palliative and, although not curative, surgery remains the gold standard for bone metastasis treatment. Surgical intervention mostly provides the replacement of the affected bone with a bioimplant, which can be made by materials of different origins and designed through several techniques that have evolved throughout the years simultaneously with clinical needs. Several scientists and clinicians have worked to develop biomaterials with potentially successful biological and mechanical features, however, only a few of them have actually reached the scope. In this review, we extensively analyze currently available biomaterials-based strategies focusing on the newest and most innovative ideas while aiming to highlight what should be considered both a reliable choice for orthopedic surgeons and a future definitive and curative option for bone metastasis and cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ania Naila Guerrieri
- Unit of Orthopaedic Pathology and Osteoarticular Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Montesi
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Simone Sprio
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Roberta Laranga
- Unit of Orthopaedic Pathology and Osteoarticular Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Mercatali
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Anna Tampieri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics, National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Davide Maria Donati
- Third Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic Prevalently Oncologic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico Lucarelli
- Unit of Orthopaedic Pathology and Osteoarticular Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Tandon S, Kandasubramanian B, Ibrahim SM. Silk-Based Composite Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Tandon
- Biotechnology Lab, Center for Converging Technologies, University of Rajasthan, JLN Marg, Jaipur-302004, Rajasthan, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Nano Surface Texturing Lab, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Girinagar, Pune-411025, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sobhy M. Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Lermontov SA, Maksimkin AV, Sipyagina NA, Malkova AN, Kolesnikov EA, Zadorozhnyy MY, Straumal EA, Dayyoub T. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with hybrid porous structure. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jain P, Rana M, Biswas JK, Khan MR. Biomechanics of spinal implants-a review. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2020; 6:042002. [PMID: 33444261 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab9dd2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Spinal instrumentations have been classified as rigid fixation, total disc replacement and dynamic stabilization system for treatment of various spinal disorders. The efficacy and biomechanical suitability of any spinal implant can be measured through in vitro, in vivo experiments and numerical techniques. With the advancement in technology finite element models are making an important contribution to understand the complex structure of spinal components along with allied functionality, designing and application of spinal instrumentations at preliminary design stage. This paper aimed to review the past and recent studies to describe the biomechanical aspects of various spinal implants. The literatures were grouped and reviewed in accordance to instrumentation category and their functionality in the spinal column at respective locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpdant Jain
- School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Bhopal University, Bhopal-Indore Highway Kothrikalan, Sehore Madhya Pradesh - 466114, India
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Design of Wear-Resistant UHMWPE-Based Composites Loaded with Wollastonite Microfibers Treated with Various Silane Coupling Agents. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10134511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The tribomechanical properties of the wear-resistant ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)-based composites loaded with wollastonite microfibres silanized with various coupling agents (“KH-550”, “Penta-1006”, and “OTS”) were investigated. It was demonstrated that the mechanical properties of UHMWPE-based composites filled with various amounts of wollastonite (7–23 wt. %) increased by 1.3 times (yield strength) and by 1.8 times (elastic modulus), while the wollastonite silanization further improved yield strength by 9% in some cases. It was demonstrated that the composite loaded with 23 wt. % wollastonite silanized with the “KH-550” coupling agent possessed the maximum wear resistance under “moderate” conditions of tribological loading. Under “severe” conditions, the composites containing 23 wt. % wollastonite silanized with the less efficient “OTS” and “Penta-1006” agents showed the greatest wear resistance during dry sliding friction. Wear resistance significantly depended on filler weight fraction and the load–speed mode of the tribological tests. Based on the obtained experimental data on the mechanical (including impact toughness) and tribological properties of the UHMWPE-based composites loaded with wollastonite, the optimal compositions (the filler content and the type of the coupling agent) for two load–speed modes were designed using the developed computer algorithm. The composites provided the predefined high tribomechanical properties for operation in the metal-polymer friction units compared to neat polymer.
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