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Paramanantham A, Asfiya R, Das S, McCully G, Srivastava A. Extracellular Vesicle (EVs) Associated Non-Coding RNAs in Lung Cancer and Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13637. [PMID: 36362424 PMCID: PMC9655370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most lethal forms of cancer, with a very high mortality rate. The precise pathophysiology of lung cancer is not well understood, and pertinent information regarding the initiation and progression of lung cancer is currently a crucial area of scientific investigation. Enhanced knowledge about the disease will lead to the development of potent therapeutic interventions. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound heterogeneous populations of cellular entities that are abundantly produced by all cells in the human body, including the tumor cells. A defined class of EVs called small Extracellular Vesicles (sEVs or exosomes) carries key biomolecules such as RNA, DNA, Proteins and Lipids. Exosomes, therefore, mediate physiological activities and intracellular communication between various cells, including constituent cells of the tumor microenvironment, namely stromal cells, immunological cells, and tumor cells. In recent years, a surge in studying tumor-associated non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has been observed. Subsequently, studies have also reported that exosomes abundantly carry different species of ncRNAs and these exosomal ncRNAs are functionally involved in cancer initiation and progression. Here, we discuss the function of exosomal ncRNAs, such as miRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, in the pathophysiology of lung tumors. Further, the future application of exosomal-ncRNAs in clinics as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in lung cancer is also discussed due to the multifaceted influence of exosomes on cellular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjugam Paramanantham
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Rahmat Asfiya
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Siddharth Das
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Grace McCully
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Akhil Srivastava
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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Li Z, Li LX, Diao YJ, Wang J, Ye Y, Hao XK. Identification of Urinary Exosomal miRNAs for the Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:25-35. [PMID: 33442291 PMCID: PMC7797303 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s272140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Novel and non-invasive biomarkers with higher sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) is urgently needed. In this study, we used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to characterize the genome-wide exosomal miRNA expression profiling in urine specimens and explored the diagnostic potential of urinary exosomal miRNAs for PCa. Methods Urinary exosomal microRNA expression profiling was performed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) and then validated by quantitative real-time PCR. Results Significant downregulation of urinary exosomal miR-375 was observed in PCa patients compared with healthy controls, while the expression levels of urinary exosomal miR-451a, miR-486-3p and miR-486-5p were found to be significantly up-regulated in the PCa patients. Furthermore, the expression level of urinary exosomal miR-375 showed a significant correlation with the clinical T-stage and bone metastasis of patients with PCa (P<0.05). Receiver operator characteristic curve demonstrated that the urinary exosomal miR-375, miR-451a, miR-486-3p and miR-486-5p levels can be used to differentiate PCa patients from healthy controls, with area under the curves (AUCs) of 0.788, 0.757, 0.704 and 0.796, respectively. The urinary exosomal miR-375 was found to be superior in discriminating between localized and metastatic PCa with an AUC of 0.806. Moreover, PCa patients can be distinguished from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia by using a panel combining urinary exosomal miR-375 and miR-451a with an AUC of 0.726. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that the urinary exosomal miRNAs can serve as novel and non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting the progression of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, People's Republic of China.,The National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - La-Xiu Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xi'an Fourth Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Jun Diao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ke Hao
- The National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, People's Republic of China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, People's Republic of China
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Yang Z, Li J, Feng G, Wang Y, Yang G, Liu Y, Zhang S, Feng J, Zhang X. Hepatitis B virus X protein enhances hepatocarcinogenesis by depressing the targeting of NUSAP1 mRNA by miR- 18b. Cancer Biol Med 2019; 16:276-287. [PMID: 31516748 PMCID: PMC6713641 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2018.0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism whereby HBx modulates the targeting of NUSAP1 by miR-18b to enhance hepatocarcinogenesis. Methods We employed an integrated approach of bioinformatics analysis and molecular experiments in hepatoma cells, HBV transgenic mice, and clinical liver cancer tissues to investigate the role of HBx-regulated miR-18b in the development of liver cancer. Results In this study, we report that the HBx-mediated tumor suppressor miR-18b modulates hepatocarcinogenesis during the host-HBV interaction. The expression levels of miR-18b were lower in clinical HBV-positive liver cancer tissues and liver tissues of HBV-transgenic mice. Interestingly, HBx inhibited miR-18b expression by inducing the methylation of CpG islands in its promoter. Accordingly, we tested the hypothesis that HBx enhanced hepatocarcinogenesis by increasing the expression of target genes of miR-18b. Moreover, we identified nucleolar spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) as one of the target genes of miR-18b. NUSAP1 was expressed at high levels in liver cancer tissues. Interestingly, HBx up-regulated NUSAP1 by suppressing miR-18b. Functionally, miR-18b significantly inhibited the proliferation of hepatoma cells by depressing NUSAP1 levels in vivo and in vitro. Conclusions Thus, we conclude that the targeting of NUSAP1 mRNA by the tumor suppressor miR-18b is controlled by HBx-modulated promoter methylation during the host-virus interaction, leading to hepatocarcinogenesis. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanism by which HBx-mediated miRNAs modulate hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yang
- Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiong Li
- Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guoxing Feng
- Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yunxia Liu
- Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shuqin Zhang
- Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jinyan Feng
- Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Feng GX, Li J, Yang Z, Zhang SQ, Liu YX, Zhang WY, Ye LH, Zhang XD. Hepatitis B virus X protein promotes the development of liver fibrosis and hepatoma through downregulation of miR-30e targeting P4HA2 mRNA. Oncogene 2017; 36:6895-6905. [PMID: 28846110 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-induced liver necrosis takes great part in liver cirrhosis progression. However, less is known about whether hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) has effect on liver fibrosis. Here, we report that HBV leads to liver fibrosis and hepatocarcinogenesis through miR-30e targeting P4HA2. HBV transgenic mouse was treated by CCl4 to generate a model of liver fibrosis. A crucial enzyme catalyzing collagen formation, prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit α2 (P4HA2) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, western blotting or quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis. The function of HBV-modulated P4HA2 in hepatoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo was analyzed by EdU, MTT, colony-forming assay and animal transplantation assay. HBV transgenic mice exhibited more collagen deposition in liver after intraperitoneal injection of CCl4. P4HA2 was dramatically augmented in liver samples of HBV transgenic mice, clinical liver cirrhosis and liver cancer patients. Mechanistically, HBx was capable of inducing P4HA2 through suppressing miR-30e, in which miR-30e could target P4HA2 mRNA 3' untranslated region in liver cancer cells. HBx inhibited the miR-30e expression through increasing methylation of CpG islands in its promoter mediated by EZH2-formed complexes. Functionally, HBx-elevated P4HA2 enhanced the collagen deposition in the liver in vivo and in vitro, leading to liver fibrosis and liver cancer progression. In conclusion, HBx promotes the development of liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma through miR-30e targeting P4HA2 mRNA. We provide novel perspective on how HBx induces liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G X Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - J Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Z Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - S Q Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Y X Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - W Y Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - L H Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - X D Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Cancer Research, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Zhang J, Zhao A, Sun L, Chen W, Zhang H, Chen Z, Liu F. Selective surface marker and miRNA profiles of CD34 + blast-derived microvesicles in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1866-1874. [PMID: 28789422 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed at investigating the selective enrichment of surface marker and functional microRNA (miRNA) profiles of cluster of differentiation (CD)34+ blast-derived microvesicles (MVs) from parental cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), thus providing an experimental basis for MVs to be used to predict characteristics of CD34+ blasts. Magnetic activated cell sorting and continuous differential centrifugation were used to isolate primary CML CD34+ blasts and MVs, in addition to utilizing flow cytometry to identify surface markers of CD34+ blasts and blast-derived MVs. Microarray analysis and the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to analyze miRNA profiles of CD34+ blasts and MVs. The results of the present study indicated that primary CML CD34+ blasts were able to release MVs, which were selectively enriched with the surface markers CD34 and CD123, and functional miRNAs from parental cells. A total of 15 miRNAs were upregulated in CD34+ blast derived-MVs compared with in CD34+ cells. Distinct Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways and Gene Ontology terms characterized by altered gene expression and potentially associated miRNA were identified. Upregulated miRNAs in MVs were associated with cell development, tumorigenesis and signaling pathways involving ErbB and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B. The present study provides evidence, which increases the understanding of physiological functions of cancer-derived MVs, and aids the understanding of the roles of CD34+ blast-derived MVs in CML-associated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China.,Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Aiqi Zhao
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Li Sun
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Weiqun Chen
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, Wuhan Central Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Wuhan Central Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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Molecular Biomarkers in Bladder Cancer: Novel Potential Indicators of Prognosis and Treatment Outcomes. DISEASE MARKERS 2016; 2016:8205836. [PMID: 26924873 PMCID: PMC4746343 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8205836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although many clinical and molecular markers for predicting outcomes in bladder cancer (BC) have been reported, their application in clinical practice remains unclear. Bladder carcinogenesis has two distinct molecular pathways that direct the development of BC. FGFR3 mutations are common in low-grade BC, while TP53 mutation or loss of RB1 is associated with muscle-invasive BC. However, no tissue-based gene markers confirmed by prospective large-scale trials in BC have been used in clinical practice. Micro-RNA analyses of BC tissue revealed that miR-145 and miR-29c⁎ function as tumor suppressors, whereas miR-183 and miR-17-5p function as oncogenic miRNAs. In liquid biopsy, circulating tumor cells (CTC), exosomes, or cell-free RNA is extracted from the peripheral blood samples of cancer patients to analyze cancer prognosis. It was reported that detection of CTC was associated with poor prognostic factors. However, application of liquid biopsy in BC treatment is yet to be explored. Although several cell-free RNAs, such as miR-497 in plasma or miR-214 in urine, could be promising novel circulating biomarkers, they are used only for diagnosing BC as the case that now stands. Here, we discuss the application of novel biomarkers in evaluating and measuring BC outcomes.
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