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Sera Y, Imanaka T, Yamaguchi M. M phase-specific interaction between SBDS and RNF2 at the mitotic spindles regulates mitotic progression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:118-123. [PMID: 37806249 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by biallelic mutations in the Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome (SBDS) gene. SBDS protein is involved in ribosome biogenesis; therefore SDS is classified as a ribosomopathy. SBDS is localized at mitotic spindles and stabilizes microtubules. Previously, we showed that SBDS interacts with ring finger protein 2 (RNF2) and is degraded through RNF2-dependent ubiquitination. In this study, we investigated when and where SBDS interacts with RNF2 and the effects of the interaction on cells. We found that SBDS co-localized with RNF2 on centrosomal microtubules in the mitotic phase (M phase), whereas SBDS and RNF2 localized to the nucleolus and nucleoplasm in the interphase, respectively. The microtubule-binding assay revealed that SBDS interacted directly with microtubules and RNF2 interacted with SBDS bound to microtubules. In addition, SBDS was ubiquitinated and degraded by RNF2 during the M phase. Moreover, RNF2 overexpression accelerated mitotic progression. These findings suggest that SBDS delays mitotic progression, and RNF2 releases cells from suppression through the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of SBDS. The interaction between SBDS and RNF2 at mitotic spindles might be involved in mitotic progression as a novel regulatory cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Sera
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Hirokoshinkai 5-1-1, Kure, 737-0112, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Imanaka
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Hirokoshinkai 5-1-1, Kure, 737-0112, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Hirokoshinkai 5-1-1, Kure, 737-0112, Japan.
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2
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Navasardyan LV, Furlan I, Brandt S, Schulz A, Wabitsch M, Denzer C. Spectrum of diabetes mellitus in patients with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome: case report and review of the literature. Ital J Pediatr 2023; 49:98. [PMID: 37580732 PMCID: PMC10424348 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01501-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is a rare congenital disorder caused by mutations in the SBDS gene and characterized by exocrine pancreatic deficiency, hematologic dysfunction, and skeletal growth failure. Although the hematologic features and characteristics of the somatic disorders commonly associated with SDS are well known, emerging data from case reports and patient registries suggest that SDS may also be associated with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus. However, currently available data on SDS-associated diabetes are limited and do not allow conclusions regarding prevalence and incidence rates, clinical course, and outcomes. CASE PRESENTATION Here we report the case of a 5-year-old girl with SDS who underwent bone marrow transplantation at the age of 3 months and developed autoantibody-positive type 1 diabetes mellitus at the age of 1.8 years. The manifestation and course of diabetes development were mild, complicated by concurrent spontaneous episodes of hypoglycemia even before the onset of antidiabetic treatment. Currently, adequate metabolic control can be achieved by dietary intervention. CONCLUSIONS Considering that the SBDS protein regulates mitosis and ribosomal biosynthesis and that its suppression may cause immunologic instability and chronic inflammation, this case provides insight into the phenotype of rare Shwachman-Diamond syndrome-associated diabetes mellitus, which may be characterized by significant age-dependent differences in clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusine V Navasardyan
- Department of Endocrinology, Arabkir Medical Center, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Ingrid Furlan
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stephanie Brandt
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ansgar Schulz
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Denzer
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstr. 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany.
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Genome-Scale CRISPR Screening Reveals Host Factors Required for Ribosome Formation and Viral Replication. mBio 2023; 14:e0012723. [PMID: 36809113 PMCID: PMC10128003 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00127-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses are known to co-opt host machinery for translation initiation, but less is known about which host factors are required for the formation of ribosomes used to synthesize viral proteins. Using a loss-of-function CRISPR screen, we show that synthesis of a flavivirus-encoded fluorescent reporter depends on multiple host factors, including several 60S ribosome biogenesis proteins. Viral phenotyping revealed that two of these factors, SBDS, a known ribosome biogenesis factor, and the relatively uncharacterized protein SPATA5, were broadly required for replication of flaviviruses, coronaviruses, alphaviruses, paramyxoviruses, an enterovirus, and a poxvirus. Mechanistic studies revealed that loss of SPATA5 caused defects in rRNA processing and ribosome assembly, suggesting that this human protein may be a functional ortholog of yeast Drg1. These studies implicate specific ribosome biogenesis proteins as viral host dependency factors that are required for synthesis of virally encoded protein and accordingly, optimal viral replication. IMPORTANCE Viruses are well known for their ability to co-opt host ribosomes to synthesize viral proteins. The specific factors involved in translation of viral RNAs are not fully described. In this study, we implemented a unique genome-scale CRISPR screen to identify previously uncharacterized host factors that are important for the synthesis of virally encoded protein. We found that multiple genes involved in 60S ribosome biogenesis were required for viral RNA translation. Loss of these factors severely impaired viral replication. Mechanistic studies on the AAA ATPase SPATA5 indicate that this host factor is required for a late step in ribosome formation. These findings reveal insight into the identity and function of specific ribosome biogenesis proteins that are critical for viral infections.
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A Comparative Molecular Dynamics Study of Selected Point Mutations in the Shwachman–Bodian–Diamond Syndrome Protein SBDS. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147938. [PMID: 35887285 PMCID: PMC9320453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Shwachman–Diamond Syndrome (SDS) is an autosomal recessive disease whose majority of patients display mutations in a ribosome assembly protein named Shwachman–Bodian–Diamond Syndrome protein (SBDS). A specific therapy for treating this rare disease is missing, due to the lack of knowledge of the molecular mechanisms responsible for its pathogenesis. Starting from the observation that SBDS single-point mutations, localized in different domains of the proteins, are responsible for an SDS phenotype, we carried out the first comparative Molecular Dynamics simulations on three SBDS mutants, namely R19Q, R126T and I212T. The obtained 450-ns long trajectories were compared with those returned by both the open and closed forms of wild type SBDS and strongly indicated that two distinct conformations (open and closed) are both necessary for the proper SBDS function, in full agreement with recent experimental observations. Our study supports the hypothesis that the SBDS function is governed by an allosteric mechanism involving domains I and III and provides new insights into SDS pathogenesis, thus offering a possible starting point for a specific therapeutic option.
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SBDS interacts with RNF2 and is degraded through RNF2-dependent ubiquitination. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 598:119-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Oyarbide U, Shah AN, Amaya-Mejia W, Snyderman M, Kell MJ, Allende DS, Calo E, Topczewski J, Corey SJ. Loss of Sbds in zebrafish leads to neutropenia and pancreas and liver atrophy. JCI Insight 2020; 5:134309. [PMID: 32759502 PMCID: PMC7526460 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.134309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is characterized by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, neutropenia, and skeletal abnormalities. Biallelic mutations in SBDS, which encodes a ribosome maturation factor, are found in 90% of SDS cases. Sbds–/– mice are embryonic lethal. Using CRISPR/Cas9 editing, we created sbds-deficient zebrafish strains. Sbds protein levels progressively decreased and became undetectable at 10 days postfertilization (dpf). Polysome analysis revealed decreased 80S ribosomes. Homozygous mutant fish developed normally until 15 dpf. Mutant fish subsequently had stunted growth and showed signs of atrophy in pancreas, liver, and intestine. In addition, neutropenia occurred by 5 dpf. Upregulation of tp53 mRNA did not occur until 10 dpf, and inhibition of proliferation correlated with death by 21 dpf. Transcriptome analysis showed tp53 activation through upregulation of genes involved in cell cycle arrest, cdkn1a and ccng1, and apoptosis, puma and mdm2. However, elimination of Tp53 function did not prevent lethality. Because of growth retardation and atrophy of intestinal epithelia, we studied the effects of starvation on WT fish. Starved WT fish showed intestinal atrophy, zymogen granule loss, and tp53 upregulation — similar to the mutant phenotype. In addition, there was reduction in neutral lipid storage and ribosomal protein amount, similar to the mutant phenotype. Thus, loss of Sbds in zebrafish phenocopies much of the human disease and is associated with growth arrest and tissue atrophy, particularly of the gastrointestinal system, at the larval stage. A variety of stress responses, some associated with Tp53, contribute to pathophysiology of SDS. Loss of ribosome maturation factor sbds in the zebrafish phenocopies human Shwachman-Diamond syndrome and is associated with p53 activation, but lethality cannot be rescued by p53 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usua Oyarbide
- Departments of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Human and Molecular Genetics, Children's Hospital of Richmond and Massey Cancer Center at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Departments of Pediatrics, Cancer Biology, and Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Arish N Shah
- Department of Biology and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wilmer Amaya-Mejia
- Departments of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Human and Molecular Genetics, Children's Hospital of Richmond and Massey Cancer Center at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Matthew Snyderman
- Departments of Pediatrics, Cancer Biology, and Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Margaret J Kell
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Eliezer Calo
- Department of Biology and David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jacek Topczewski
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Seth J Corey
- Departments of Pediatrics, Immunology, and Human and Molecular Genetics, Children's Hospital of Richmond and Massey Cancer Center at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Departments of Pediatrics, Cancer Biology, and Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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7
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Oyarbide U, Topczewski J, Corey SJ. Peering through zebrafish to understand inherited bone marrow failure syndromes. Haematologica 2018; 104:13-24. [PMID: 30573510 PMCID: PMC6312012 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.196105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes are experiments of nature characterized by impaired hematopoiesis with cancer and leukemia predisposition. The mutations associated with inherited bone marrow failure syndromes affect fundamental cellular pathways, such as DNA repair, telomere maintenance, or proteostasis. How these disturbed pathways fail to produce sufficient blood cells and lead to leukemogenesis are not understood. The rarity of inherited cytopenias, the paucity of affected primary human hematopoietic cells, and the sometime inadequacy of murine or induced pluripotential stem cell models mean it is difficult to acquire a greater understanding of them. Zebrafish offer a model organism to study gene functions. As vertebrates, zebrafish share with humans many orthologous genes involved in blood disorders. As a model organism, zebrafish provide advantages that include rapid development of transparent embryos, high fecundity (providing large numbers of mutant and normal siblings), and a large collection of mutant and transgenic lines useful for investigating the blood system and other tissues during development. Importantly, recent advances in genomic editing in zebrafish can speedily validate the new genes or novel variants discovered in clinical investigation as causes for marrow failure. Here we review zebrafish as a model organism that phenocopies Fanconi anemia, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, dyskeratosis congenita, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia, and severe congenital neutropenia. Two important insights, provided by modeling inherited cytopenias in zebrafish, widen understanding of ribosome biogenesis and TP53 in mediating marrow failure and non-hematologic defects. They suggest that TP53-independent pathways contribute to marrow failure. In addition, zebrafish provide an attractive model organism for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usua Oyarbide
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Richmond and Massey Cancer Center at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jacek Topczewski
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Seth J Corey
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Richmond and Massey Cancer Center at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA .,Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA.,Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA
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Gijsbers A, Montagut DC, Méndez-Godoy A, Altamura D, Saviano M, Siliqi D, Sánchez-Puig N. Interaction of the GTPase Elongation Factor Like-1 with the Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome Protein and Its Missense Mutations. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E4012. [PMID: 30545121 PMCID: PMC6321010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome (SDS) is a disorder arising from mutations in the genes encoding for the Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond Syndrome (SBDS) protein and the GTPase known as Elongation Factor Like-1 (EFL1). Together, these proteins remove the anti-association factor eIF6 from the surface of the pre-60S ribosomal subunit to promote the formation of mature ribosomes. SBDS missense mutations can either destabilize the protein fold or affect surface epitopes. The molecular alterations resulting from the latter remain largely unknown, although some evidence suggest that binding to EFL1 may be affected. We further explored the effect of these SBDS mutations on the interaction with EFL1, and showed that all tested mutations disrupted the binding to EFL1. Binding was either severely weakened or almost abolished, depending on the assessed mutation. In higher eukaryotes, SBDS is essential for development, and lack of the protein results in early lethality. The existence of patients whose only source of SBDS consists of that with surface missense mutations highlights the importance of the interaction with EFL1 for their function. Additionally, we studied the interaction mechanism of the proteins in solution and demonstrated that binding consists of two independent and cooperative events, with domains 2⁻3 of SBDS directing the initial interaction with EFL1, followed by docking of domain 1. In solution, both proteins exhibited large flexibility and consisted of an ensemble of conformations, as demonstrated by Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abril Gijsbers
- Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
| | - Diana Carolina Montagut
- Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
| | - Alfonso Méndez-Godoy
- Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
| | - Davide Altamura
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Michele Saviano
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Dritan Siliqi
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Nuria Sánchez-Puig
- Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
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Corey SJ, Oyarbide U. New monogenic disorders identify more pathways to neutropenia: from the clinic to next-generation sequencing. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2017; 2017:172-180. [PMID: 29222253 PMCID: PMC5912212 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2017.1.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most common type of leukocyte in human circulating blood and constitute one of the chief mediators for innate immunity. Defined as a reduction from a normal distribution of values, neutropenia results from a number of congenital and acquired conditions. Neutropenia may be insignificant, temporary, or associated with a chronic condition with or without a vulnerability to life-threatening infections. As an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome, neutropenia may be associated with transformation to myeloid malignancy. Recognition of an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome may be delayed into adulthood. The list of monogenic neutropenia disorders is growing, heterogeneous, and bewildering. Furthermore, greater knowledge of immune-mediated and drug-related causes makes the diagnosis and management of neutropenia challenging. Recognition of syndromic presentations and especially the introduction of next-generation sequencing are improving the accuracy and expediency of diagnosis as well as their clinical management. Furthermore, identification of monogenic neutropenia disorders is shedding light on the molecular mechanisms of granulopoiesis and myeloid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth J Corey
- Department of Pediatrics, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Usua Oyarbide
- Department of Pediatrics, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
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Warren AJ. Molecular basis of the human ribosomopathy Shwachman-Diamond syndrome. Adv Biol Regul 2017; 67:109-127. [PMID: 28942353 PMCID: PMC6710477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mutations that target the ubiquitous process of ribosome assembly paradoxically cause diverse tissue-specific disorders (ribosomopathies) that are often associated with an increased risk of cancer. Ribosomes are the essential macromolecular machines that read the genetic code in all cells in all kingdoms of life. Following pre-assembly in the nucleus, precursors of the large 60S and small 40S ribosomal subunits are exported to the cytoplasm where the final steps in maturation are completed. Here, I review the recent insights into the conserved mechanisms of ribosome assembly that have come from functional characterisation of the genes mutated in human ribosomopathies. In particular, recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy, coupled with genetic, biochemical and prior structural data, have revealed that the SBDS protein that is deficient in the inherited leukaemia predisposition disorder Shwachman-Diamond syndrome couples the final step in cytoplasmic 60S ribosomal subunit maturation to a quality control assessment of the structural and functional integrity of the nascent particle. Thus, study of this fascinating disorder is providing remarkable insights into how the large ribosomal subunit is functionally activated in the cytoplasm to enter the actively translating pool of ribosomes.
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MESH Headings
- Bone Marrow Diseases/metabolism
- Bone Marrow Diseases/pathology
- Cryoelectron Microscopy
- Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency/metabolism
- Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency/pathology
- Humans
- Lipomatosis/metabolism
- Lipomatosis/pathology
- Mutation
- Proteins/genetics
- Proteins/metabolism
- Ribosome Subunits, Large, Eukaryotic/genetics
- Ribosome Subunits, Large, Eukaryotic/metabolism
- Ribosome Subunits, Large, Eukaryotic/ultrastructure
- Ribosome Subunits, Small, Eukaryotic/genetics
- Ribosome Subunits, Small, Eukaryotic/metabolism
- Ribosome Subunits, Small, Eukaryotic/ultrastructure
- Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Warren
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK; The Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Valli
- Medical Genetic Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Annalisa Frattini
- UOS Milano, Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, Milano, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonella Minelli
- Medical Genetic Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE In Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS), pancreatic insufficiency can lead to malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins and trace elements. The aim of this study was to assess the serum concentrations of vitamins A and E, zinc, copper, and selenium and their deficiencies. METHODS This retrospective review was performed in 21 children (12 were male; median age, 7.8 years) with genetically confirmed SDS at a tertiary pediatric hospital. Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) and vitamin or trace elements supplements were documented. RESULTS Twenty patients (95%) had pancreatic insufficiency receiving PERT, 10 (47%) had a combined vitamin and trace element deficiency, 6 (29%) had an isolated vitamin deficiency, and 4 (19%) had an isolated trace element deficiency. Vitamins A and E deficiency occurred in 16 (76%) and 4 (19%) of 21, respectively. Low serum selenium was found in 10 (47%), zinc deficiency in 7 (33%), and copper deficiency in 5 (24%). Eleven patients (52%) were on multivitamin supplementation, and 2 (10%) on zinc and selenium supplements. No statistical differences were found between repeated measurements for all micronutrients. CONCLUSIONS More than 50% of the children had vitamin A and selenium deficiencies despite adequate supplementation of PERT and supplements. Micronutrients should be routinely measured in SDS patients to prevent significant complications.
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14
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Mislocalization or low expression of mutated Shwachman–Bodian–Diamond syndrome protein. Int J Hematol 2011; 94:54-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-011-0880-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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A novel mutation in a Fijian boy with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2009; 31:847-9. [PMID: 19816210 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0b013e3181b9c949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by pancreatic insufficiency, bone marrow dysfunction, and metaphyseal chondrodysplasia. SDS is associated with mutations in the Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond Syndrome gene, with 90% of reported mutations in exon 2. We present a Fijian boy with SDS who has a novel A>G substitution in exon 1 of the Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond Syndrome gene that has not been reported in the literature. This patient's unique clinical course includes the presence of a cleft lip and episodic hypoglycemia. SDS lacks a clear genotype-phenotype correlation, as is showed by the heterogeneity in its clinical presentation.
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Ball HL, Zhang B, Riches JJ, Gandhi R, Li J, Rommens JM, Myers JS. Shwachman-Bodian Diamond syndrome is a multi-functional protein implicated in cellular stress responses. Hum Mol Genet 2009; 18:3684-95. [PMID: 19602484 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddp316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS; OMIM 260400) results from loss-of-function mutations in the Shwachman-Bodian Diamond syndrome (SBDS) gene. It is a multi-system disorder with clinical features of exocrine pancreatic dysfunction, skeletal abnormalities, bone marrow failure and predisposition to leukemic transformation. Although the cellular functions of SBDS are still unclear, its yeast ortholog has been implicated in ribosome biogenesis. Using affinity capture and mass spectrometry, we have developed an SBDS-interactome and report SBDS binding partners with diverse molecular functions, notably components of the large ribosomal subunit and proteins involved in DNA metabolism. Reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation confirmed the interaction of SBDS with the large ribosomal subunit protein RPL4 and with DNA-PK and RPA70, two proteins with critical roles in DNA repair. Function for SBDS in response to cellular stresses was implicated by demonstrating that SBDS-depleted HEK293 cells are hypersensitive to multiple types of DNA damage as well as chemically induced endoplasmic reticulum stress. Furthermore, using multiple routes to impair translation and mimic the effect of SBDS-depletion, we show that SBDS-dependent hypersensitivity of HEK293 cells to UV irradiation can be distinguished from a role of SBDS in translation. These results indicate functions of SBDS beyond ribosome biogenesis and may provide insight into the poorly understood cancer predisposition of SDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Ball
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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Ng CL, Waterman DG, Koonin EV, Walters AD, Chong JPJ, Isupov MN, Lebedev AA, Bunka DHJ, Stockley PG, Ortiz-Lombardía M, Antson AA. Conformational flexibility and molecular interactions of an archaeal homologue of the Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome protein. BMC STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2009; 9:32. [PMID: 19454024 PMCID: PMC2695463 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6807-9-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Defects in the human Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome (SBDS) protein-coding gene lead to the autosomal recessive disorder characterised by bone marrow dysfunction, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and skeletal abnormalities. This protein is highly conserved in eukaryotes and archaea but is not found in bacteria. Although genomic and biophysical studies have suggested involvement of this protein in RNA metabolism and in ribosome biogenesis, its interacting partners remain largely unknown. Results We determined the crystal structure of the SBDS orthologue from Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus (mthSBDS). This structure shows that SBDS proteins are highly flexible, with the N-terminal FYSH domain and the C-terminal ferredoxin-like domain capable of undergoing substantial rotational adjustments with respect to the central domain. Affinity chromatography identified several proteins from the large ribosomal subunit as possible interacting partners of mthSBDS. Moreover, SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment) experiments, combined with electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) suggest that mthSBDS does not interact with RNA molecules in a sequence specific manner. Conclusion It is suggested that functional interactions of SBDS proteins with their partners could be facilitated by rotational adjustments of the N-terminal and the C-terminal domains with respect to the central domain. Examination of the SBDS protein structure and domain movements together with its possible interaction with large ribosomal subunit proteins suggest that these proteins could participate in ribosome function.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Leong Ng
- York Structural Biology Laboratory, Chemistry Department, University of York, York, YO10 5YW, UK.
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Hematologically important mutations: Shwachman–Diamond syndrome. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2008; 40:183-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2007.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2007] [Accepted: 07/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Bibliography. Current world literature. Hematology and oncology. Curr Opin Pediatr 2008; 20:107-13. [PMID: 18197049 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0b013e3282f572b6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Costa E, Duque F, Oliveira J, Garcia P, Gonçalves I, Diogo L, Santos R. Identification of a novel AluSx-mediated deletion of exon 3 in the SBDS gene in a patient with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2007; 39:96-101. [PMID: 17376717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2007.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2007] [Accepted: 02/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is caused by mutations in the SBDS gene, most of which are the result of gene conversion events involving its highly homologous pseudogene SBDSP. Here we describe the molecular characterization of the first documented gross deletion in the SBDS gene, in a 4-year-old Portuguese girl with SDS. The clinical diagnosis was based on the presence of hematological symptoms (severe anemia and cyclic neutropenia), pancreatic exocrine insufficiency and skeletal abnormalities. Routine molecular screening revealed heterozygosity for the common splicing mutation c.258+2T>C, and a further step-wise approach led to the detection of a large deletion encompassing exon 3, the endpoints of which were subsequently delineated at the gDNA level. This novel mutation (c.258+374_459+250del), predictably giving rise to an internally deleted polypeptide (p.Ile87_Gln153del), appears to have arisen from an excision event mediated by AluSx elements which are present in introns 2 and 3. Our case illustrates the importance of including gross deletion screening in the SDS diagnostic setting, especially in cases where only one deleterious mutation is detected by routine screening methods. In particular, deletional rearrangements involving exon 3 should be considered, since Alu sequences are known to be an important cause of recurrent mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elísio Costa
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
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Erdos M, Maródi L. [Shwachman-Diamond syndrome: clinical manifestations and molecular genetics]. Orv Hetil 2007; 148:513-9. [PMID: 17350924 DOI: 10.1556/oh.2007.27922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The Shwachman-Diamond syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, metaphyseal dysostosis, short stature, bone marrow dysfunction and recurrent infections. The authors summarize current knowledge on molecular pathomechanisms, diagnostic criteria, therapy, and clinical manifestations of the syndrome. They present the first Hungarian patient with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, in whom mutation analysis was performed. The patient had neutropenia, exocrine pancreatic failure, severe growth retardation, and recurrent skin and respiratory tract infections. Two previously undescribed mutations in the Shwachman-Diamond syndrome gene (c.362A > C, p.N121T and c.523C > T, p.R175W) were found. Recently, the mother became pregnant again and requested prenatal diagnosis, which revealed a carrier status of the c.523C > T, (p.R175W) mutation only, so the mother decided to complete the pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Erdos
- Debreceni Egyetem, Orvos- és Egészségtudományi Centrum, Infektológiai és Gyermekimmunológiai Tanszék Debrecen.
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