1
|
Vandael D, Vints K, Baatsen P, Śliwińska MA, Gabarre S, De Groef L, Moons L, Rybakin V, Gounko NV. Cdk5-dependent rapid formation and stabilization of dendritic spines by corticotropin-releasing factor. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:29. [PMID: 38233378 PMCID: PMC10794228 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02749-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) exerts a pivotal role in modulating neuronal activity in the mammalian brain. The effects of CRF exhibit notable variations, depending on factors such as duration of exposure, concentration, and anatomical location. In the CA1 region of the hippocampus, the impact of CRF is dichotomous: chronic exposure to CRF impairs synapse formation and dendritic integrity, whereas brief exposure enhances synapse formation and plasticity. In the current study, we demonstrate long-term effects of acute CRF on the density and stability of mature mushroom spines ex vivo. We establish that both CRF receptors are present in this hippocampal region, and we pinpoint their precise subcellular localization within synapses by electron microscopy. Furthermore, both in vivo and ex vivo data collectively demonstrate that a transient surge of CRF in the CA1 activates the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5)-pathway. This activation leads to a notable augmentation in CRF-dependent spine formation. Overall, these data suggest that upon acute release of CRF in the CA1-SR synapse, both CRF-Rs can be activated and promote synaptic plasticity via activating different downstream signaling pathways, such as the Cdk5-pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Vandael
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electron Microscopy Platform & VIB-Bioimaging Core, O&N5 Herestraat 49 box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, O&N5 Herestraat 49 box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katlijn Vints
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electron Microscopy Platform & VIB-Bioimaging Core, O&N5 Herestraat 49 box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, O&N5 Herestraat 49 box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Baatsen
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electron Microscopy Platform & VIB-Bioimaging Core, O&N5 Herestraat 49 box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, O&N5 Herestraat 49 box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Małgorzata A Śliwińska
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electron Microscopy Platform & VIB-Bioimaging Core, O&N5 Herestraat 49 box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, O&N5 Herestraat 49 box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sergio Gabarre
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electron Microscopy Platform & VIB-Bioimaging Core, O&N5 Herestraat 49 box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, O&N5 Herestraat 49 box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lies De Groef
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Biology, Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Division, Naamsestraat 61 box 2464, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieve Moons
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Biology, Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Division, Naamsestraat 61 box 2464, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vasily Rybakin
- National University of Singapore, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yng Loo Lin School of Medicine, and Immunology Program, 5 Science Drive 2, Blk MD4, 117545, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Natalia V Gounko
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Electron Microscopy Platform & VIB-Bioimaging Core, O&N5 Herestraat 49 box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- KU Leuven Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, O&N5 Herestraat 49 box 602, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li GG, Piao CJ, Wan P, Li SY, Wei YX, Zhao GJ, Wu WY, Hong L, Chu CP, Qiu DL. Opposing actions of CRF-R1 and CB1 receptor on facial stimulation-induced MLI-PC plasticity in mouse cerebellar cortex. BMC Neurosci 2022; 23:39. [PMID: 35754033 PMCID: PMC9235104 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-022-00726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is the major neuromodulator orchestrating the stress response, and is secreted by neurons in various regions of the brain. Cerebellar CRF is released by afferents from inferior olivary neurons and other brainstem nuclei in response to stressful challenges, and contributes to modulation of synaptic plasticity and motor learning behavior via its receptors. We recently found that CRF modulates facial stimulation-evoked molecular layer interneuron-Purkinje cell (MLI-PC) synaptic transmission via CRF type 1 receptor (CRF-R1) in vivo in mice, suggesting that CRF modulates sensory stimulation-evoked MLI-PC synaptic plasticity. However, the mechanism of how CRF modulates MLI-PC synaptic plasticity is unclear. We investigated the effect of CRF on facial stimulation-evoked MLI-PC long-term depression (LTD) in urethane-anesthetized mice by cell-attached recording technique and pharmacological methods. RESULTS Facial stimulation at 1 Hz induced LTD of MLI-PC synaptic transmission under control conditions, but not in the presence of CRF (100 nM). The CRF-abolished MLI-PC LTD was restored by application of a selective CRF-R1 antagonist, BMS-763,534 (200 nM), but it was not restored by application of a selective CRF-R2 antagonist, antisauvagine-30 (200 nM). Blocking cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor abolished the facial stimulation-induced MLI-PC LTD, and revealed a CRF-triggered MLI-PC long-term potentiation (LTP) via CRF-R1. Notably, either inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) with chelerythrine (5 µM) or depletion of intracellular Ca2+ with cyclopiazonic acid (100 µM), completely prevented CRF-triggered MLI-PC LTP in mouse cerebellar cortex in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The present results indicated that CRF blocked sensory stimulation-induced opioid-dependent MLI-PC LTD by triggering MLI-PC LTP through CRF-R1/PKC and intracellular Ca2+ signaling pathway in mouse cerebellar cortex. These results suggest that activation of CRF-R1 opposes opioid-mediated cerebellar MLI-PC plasticity in vivo in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Gao Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.,Department of Osteology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, China
| | - Chun-Jian Piao
- Grade 2019 College Students Major in Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Peng Wan
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin Medical University, Jilin City, Jilin, China
| | - Shu-Yu Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Wei
- Grade 2019 College Students Major in Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhao
- Grade 2019 College Students Major in Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Wu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, China
| | - Lan Hong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
| | - Chun-Ping Chu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.,Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin Medical University, Jilin City, Jilin, China
| | - De-Lai Qiu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China. .,Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin Medical University, Jilin City, Jilin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Activation CRF-R2 augments cerebellar climbing fiber-Purkinje cell synaptic transmission via presynaptic PKA pathway in mice. Neurosci Lett 2022; 777:136584. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
4
|
Wu WY, Liu Y, Wu MC, Wang HW, Chu CP, Jin H, Li YZ, Qiu DL. Corticotrophin-Releasing Factor Modulates the Facial Stimulation-Evoked Molecular Layer Interneuron-Purkinje Cell Synaptic Transmission in vivo in Mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:563428. [PMID: 33324165 PMCID: PMC7726213 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.563428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is an important neuromodulator in central nervous system that modulates neuronal activity via its receptors during stress responses. In cerebellar cortex, CRF modulates the simple spike (SS) firing activity of Purkinje cells (PCs) has been previously demonstrated, whereas the effect of CRF on the molecular layer interneuron (MLI)–PC synaptic transmission is still unknown. In this study, we examined the effect of CRF on the facial stimulation–evoked cerebellar cortical MLI-PC synaptic transmission in urethane-anesthetized mice by in vivo cell-attached recording, neurobiotin juxtacellular labeling, immunohistochemistry techniques, and pharmacological method. Cell-attached recordings from cerebellar PCs showed that air-puff stimulation of ipsilateral whisker pad evoked a sequence of tiny parallel fiber volley (N1) followed by MLI-PC synaptic transmission (P1). Microapplication of CRF in cerebellar cortical molecular layer induced increases in amplitude of P1 and pause of SS firing. The CRF decreases in amplitude of P1 waveform were in a dose-dependent manner with the EC50 of 241 nM. The effects of CRF on amplitude of P1 and pause of SS firing were abolished by either a non-selective CRF receptor antagonist, α-helical CRF-(9-14), or a selective CRF-R1 antagonist, BMS-763534 (BMS, 200 nM), but were not prevented by a selective CRF-R2 antagonist, antisauvagine-30 (200 nM). Notably, application CRF not only induced a significant increase in spontaneous spike firing rate, but also produced a significant increase in the number of the facial stimulation–evoked action potential in MLIs. The effect of CRF on the activity of MLIs was blocked by the selective CRF-R1 antagonist, and the MLIs expressed the CRF-R1 imunoreactivity. These results indicate that CRF increases excitability of MLIs via CRF-R1, resulting in an enhancement of the facial stimulation–evoked MLI-PC synaptic transmission in vivo in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yuan Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Brain Science Research Center, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Brain Science Research Center, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Mao-Cheng Wu
- Department of Osteology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- Brain Science Research Center, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Chun-Ping Chu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Brain Science Research Center, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Brain Science Research Center, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yu-Zi Li
- Brain Science Research Center, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - De-Lai Qiu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Brain Science Research Center, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang HW, Zhao JT, Li BX, Su SS, Bing YH, Chu CP, Wang WM, Li YZ, Qiu DL. Corticotrophin-Releasing Factor Modulates Cerebellar Purkinje Cells Simple Spike Activity in Vivo in Mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:184. [PMID: 30034323 PMCID: PMC6043798 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a major neuromodulator that modulates cerebellar neuronal activity via CRF receptors during stress responses. In the cerebellar cortex, CRF dose-dependently increases the simple spike (SS) firing rate of Purkinje cells (PCs), while the synaptic mechanisms of this are still unclear. We here investigated the effect of CRF on the spontaneous SS activity of cerebellar PCs in urethane-anesthetized mice by in vivo electrophysiological recording and pharmacological methods. Cell-attached recordings from PCs showed that micro-application of CRF in cerebellar cortical molecular layer induced a dose-dependent increase in SS firing rate in the absence of GABAA receptor activity. The CRF-induced increase in SS firing rate was completely blocked by a nonselective CRF receptor antagonist, α-helical CRF-(9–14). Nevertheless, application of either a selective CRF-R1 antagonist, BMS-763534 (BMS, 200 nM) or a selective CRF-R2 antagonist, antisauvagine-30 (200 nM) significantly attenuated, but failed to abolished the CRF-induced increase in PCs SS firing rate. In vivo whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from PCs showed that molecular layer application of CRF significantly increased the frequency, but not amplitude, of miniature postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs). The CRF-induced increase in the frequency of mEPSCs was abolished by a CRF-R2 antagonist, as well as protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors. These results suggested that CRF acted on presynaptic CRF-R2 of cerebellar PCs resulting in an increase of glutamate release through PKA signaling pathway, which contributed to modulation of the cerebellar PCs outputs in Vivo in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Jing-Tong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Bing-Xue Li
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Shan-Shan Su
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yan-Hua Bing
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Chun-Ping Chu
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Wei-Ming Wang
- Department of Osteology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Yu-Zi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - De-Lai Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of Natural Resource of the Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecular of the Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Libster AM, Title B, Yarom Y. Corticotropin-releasing factor increases Purkinje neuron excitability by modulating sodium, potassium, and Ih currents. J Neurophysiol 2015; 114:3339-50. [PMID: 26445872 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00745.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a neuromodulator closely associated with stress responses. It is synthesized and released in the central nervous system by various neurons, including neurons of the inferior olive. The targets of inferior olivary neurons, the cerebellar Purkinje neurons (PNs), are endowed with CRF receptors. CRF increases the excitability of PNs in vivo, but the biophysical mechanism is not clear. Here we examine the effect of CRF on the firing properties of PNs using acute rat cerebellar slices. CRF increased the PN firing rate, regardless of whether they were firing tonically or switching between firing and quiescent periods. Current- and voltage-clamp experiments showed that the increase in firing rate was associated with a voltage shift of the activation curve of the persistent sodium current and hyperpolarizing-activated current, as well as activation of voltage-dependent potassium current. The multiple effects on various ionic currents, which are in agreement with the possibility that activation of CRF receptors triggers several intracellular pathways, are manifested as an increase excitability of PN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avraham M Libster
- Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ben Title
- Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yosef Yarom
- Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gounko NV, Gramsbergen A, van der Want JJL. Localization and functional roles of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor type 2 in the cerebellum. THE CEREBELLUM 2008; 7:4-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12311-008-0008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
8
|
Tian JB, King JS, Bishop GA. Stimulation of the inferior olivary complex alters the distribution of the type 1 corticotropin releasing factor receptor in the adult rat cerebellar cortex. Neuroscience 2008; 153:308-17. [PMID: 18358620 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2007] [Revised: 12/03/2007] [Accepted: 01/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study, it was shown that populations of climbing fibers, derived from the inferior olivary complex (IOC) contain the peptide corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and that the expression of this peptide in climbing fibers could be modulated by the level of activity in olivary afferents. The intent of this study was to determine if there was comparable plasticity in the distribution of the type 1 CRF receptor (CRF-R1) in the cerebellum of the rat. Our results indicate that CRF-R1 was localized primarily to Purkinje cell somata and their primary dendrites and granule cells. In addition, scattered immunolabeling was present over the somata of Golgi cells, basket cells and stellate cells, as well as Bergmann glial cells and their processes. IOC stimulation for 30 min at 1 Hz increased CRF-R1 expression in molecular layer interneurons and processes of Bergmann glial cells. Little to no effect on CRF receptor distribution was observed in Purkinje cells, granule cells, or Golgi cells. IOC stimulation at 5 Hz however, increased CRF-R1 expression in the processes of Bergmann glial cells while decreasing its expression in basket, stellate and, to some extent, in Purkinje cells. The present results suggest that there is activity-dependent plasticity in CRF-R1 expression that must be considered in defining the mechanism by which the CRF family of peptides modulates activity in cerebellar circuits. The present results also suggest that the primary targets of CRF released from climbing fibers are Bergmann glial cells and interneurons in the molecular layer. Further, interneurons responded with a decrease in receptor expression following more intense levels of stimulation suggesting the possibility of internalization of the receptor. In contrast, Bergmann glial cells showed an increased expression in receptor expression. These data suggest that CRF released from climbing fibers may modulate the physiological properties of basket and stellate cells as well as having a heretofore unidentified and potentially unique effect on Bergmann glia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J-B Tian
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, 333 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lee KH, Bishop GA, Tian JB, Jang YJ, Bui BC, Nguyen TLX, Ahn JY, King JS. Cellular localization of the full-length isoform of the type 2 corticotropin releasing factor receptor in the postnatal mouse cerebellar cortex. J Neurosci Res 2007; 85:1996-2005. [PMID: 17471557 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and its cognate receptors, defined as Type 1 and Type 2 have been localized within the cerebellum. The Type 2 CRF receptor (CRF-R2) is known to have both a full length (CRF-R2alpha) and a truncated (CRF-R2alpha-tr) isoform. A recent study documented CRF-R2alpha primarily in Bergann glia and astrocytes, as well as in populations of Purkinje cells in the adult cerebellum. The goal of the present study is to determine if CRF-R2alpha is present in the postnatal cerebellum, and if so to describe its cellular distribution. RT-PCR data showed that CRF-R2alpha is expressed in the mouse cerebellum from birth through postnatal day 21. Between birth and P14, CRF-R2alpha-immunoreactivity was localized within the somata of Purkinje cells, and migrating GABAergic interneurons. GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes, including Bergmann glia, also expressed CRF-R2alpha-immunoreactivity from P3-P14. There is a change, however, in CRF-R2alpha immunolabeling within neurons as the cerebellum matures. Compared to its expression in the adult cerebellum, Purkinje cells, and GABAergic interneurons showed more extensive CRF-R2alpha immunolabeling during early postnatal development. We postulate that CRF-R2alpha could be involved in developmental events related to the survival and differentiation of Purkinje cells and GABAergic neurons, whereas in the adult, this isoform of the CRF receptor family is likely involved in modulating Bergmann glia that have been shown to play a role in regulating the synaptic environment around Purkinje neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43120, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gounko NV, Kalicharan D, Rybakin V, Gramsbergen A, van der Want JJL. The dynamic developmental localization of the full-length corticotropin-releasing factor receptor type 2 in rat cerebellum. Eur J Neurosci 2007; 23:3217-24. [PMID: 16820012 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.04869.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Corticotropin releasing factor receptor 2 (CRF-R2) is strongly expressed in the cerebellum and plays an important role in the development of the cerebellar circuitry, particularly in the development of the dendritic trees and afferent input to Purkinje cells. However, the mechanisms responsible for the distribution and stabilization of CRF-R2 in the cerebellum are not well understood. Here, we provide the first detailed analysis of the cellular localization of the full-length form of CRF-R2 in rat cerebellum during early postnatal development. We document unique and developmentally regulated subcellular distributions of CRF-R2 in cerebellar cell types, e.g. granule cells after postnatal day 15. The presence of one or both receptor isoforms in the same cell may provide a molecular basis for distinct developmental processes. The full-length form of CRF-R2 may be involved in the regulation of the first stage of dendritic growth and at later stages in the controlling of the structural arrangement of immature cerebellar circuits and in the autoregulatory pathway of the cerebellum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Gounko
- Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bishop GA, Tian JB, Stanke JJ, Fischer AJ, King JS. Evidence for the presence of the type 2 corticotropin releasing factor receptor in the rodent cerebellum. J Neurosci Res 2007; 84:1255-69. [PMID: 16955482 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), localized in afferent inputs to the cerebellum, binds to two receptors defined as the Type 1 (CRF-R1) and the Type 2 (CRF-R2alpha). CRF-R1 has been localized to the cerebellum, as has a truncated isoform of CRF-R2alpha. Evidence for the presence of the full length isoform of CRF-R2alpha in the cerebellum is conflicting. We used RT-PCR, immunohistochemical, and physiologic techniques to resolve this conflict. RT-PCR data show low levels of CRF-R2alpha in the vermis and hemisphere of the cerebellum. These observations were confirmed by the Gene Expression Nervous System Atlas (GENSAT) database. A CRF-R2alpha antibody was used to determine the cellular distribution of the receptor in the cerebellum. The vast majority of the receptors are localized to Bergmann glial cells located throughout the cerebellum, as well as astrocytes in the granule cell layer. Neuronal labeling is present in sub-populations of Purkinje cells, Golgi cells, basket cells, and cerebellar nuclear neurons. Physiologic data show that urocortin II, which binds selectively to CRF-R2alpha, increases the firing rate of both Purkinje cells and nuclear neurons; this response can be blocked by the CRF-R2alpha-specific antagonist, antisauvagine-30. The present results confirm that CRF-R2alpha is present in the cerebellum and functions in circuits that modulate the firing rate of Purkinje cells and cerebellar nuclear neurons. A comparative analysis showed that the patterns of distribution of CRF-R1, CRF-R2alpha and CRF-R2alpha-tr are distinct. These data indicate that the CRF family of peptides modulates cerebellar output by binding to multiple CRF receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia A Bishop
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Choi JS, Pham TTH, Jang YJ, Bui BC, Lee BH, Joo KM, Cha CI, Lee KH. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and urocortin promote the survival of cultured cerebellar GABAergic neurons through the type 1 CRF receptor. J Korean Med Sci 2006; 21:518-26. [PMID: 16778399 PMCID: PMC2729961 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2006.21.3.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) is known to be involved in the stress response and in some degenerative brain disorders. In addition, CRF has a role as a neuromodulator in adult cerebellar circuits. Data from developmental studies suggest a putative role for CRF as a trophic factor during cerebellar development. In this study, we investigated the trophic role for CRF family of peptides by culturing cerebellar neurons in the presence of CRF, urocortin or urocortin II. Primary cell cultures of cerebella from embryonic day 18 mice were established, and cells were treated for either 1, 5 or 9 days with Basal Medium Eagles complete medium alone or complete medium with 1 microM CRF, urocortin, or urocortin II. The number of GABA-positive neurons in each treatment condition was counted at each culture age for monitoring the changes in neuronal survival. Treatment with 1 microM CRF or 1 microM urocortin increased the survival of GABAergic neurons at 6 days in vitro and 10 days in vitro, and this survival promoting effect was abolished by treatment with astressin in the presence of those peptides. Based on these data, we suggest that CRF or urocortin has a trophic role promoting the survival of cerebellar GABAergic neurons in cultures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sun Choi
- Department of Anatomy, Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Thao Thi Hien Pham
- Department of Anatomy, Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yoon-Jin Jang
- Department of Anatomy, Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Bao Chi Bui
- Department of Anatomy, Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Bong-Hee Lee
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong-Min Joo
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choong-Ik Cha
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tian JB, Shan X, Bishop GA, King JS. Presynaptic localization of a truncated isoform of the type 2 corticotropin releasing factor receptor in the cerebellum. Neuroscience 2006; 138:691-702. [PMID: 16413121 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2005] [Revised: 11/01/2005] [Accepted: 11/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is now well established that corticotropin releasing factor is present in two major excitatory afferent systems to the cerebellum, namely climbing fibers and mossy fibers. Two major classes of corticotropin releasing factor receptors, each with unique binding characteristics, have been identified as type 1 and type 2. In this study we used an antibody made to the n-terminus of the type 2 corticotropin releasing factor receptor. Characterization of this antibody showed that it strongly labeled a protein with a molecular weight of 16-32 kDa and only faintly labels a 62-83 kDa protein. The lower molecular weight protein corresponds to the weight of a recently described truncated isoform of this receptor that is designated corticotropin releasing factor-type 2alpha-truncated isoform. We carried out transfection paradigms using corticotropin releasing factor-type 2alpha-truncated isoform constructs and confirmed that the antibody recognized the truncated isoform of the type 2 corticotropin releasing factor receptor. Further, light and electron microscopic studies were carried out in mice and rats to define the distribution of the truncated receptor. Immunoreactivity is evident in the basal region of many, but not all Purkinje cell bodies and their initial axonal segments, as well as the initial axonal segments of isolated Golgi cells, and cerebellar nuclear neurons. In addition, punctate elements in the molecular layer were immunolabeled. The localization of the receptor to the initial segment of Purkinje cells was confirmed with electron microscopy. Further, the punctate labeling in the molecular layer was localized to parallel fibers and their terminals. In conclusion, evidence has been presented to show that distinct isoforms of the corticotropin releasing factor receptor are present in the cerebellum. The complex interactions between corticotropin releasing factor and other members of the corticotropin releasing factor family of peptides with both pre- and postsynaptic receptors support a growing concept that corticotropin releasing factor plays an important role in modulating activity in cerebellar circuits and ultimately in controlling motor behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J B Tian
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, 333 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dautzenberg FM, Higelin J, Wille S, Brauns O. Molecular cloning and functional expression of the mouse CRF2(a) receptor splice variant. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 121:89-97. [PMID: 15256278 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2004.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2004] [Revised: 04/26/2004] [Accepted: 04/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The mouse corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) type 2a receptor (CRF2(a)) splice variant was cloned by a PCR-based approach. The corresponding cDNA was found to encode a 411-amino acid polypeptide with highest sequence homology to the rat CRF2(a) receptor. By semiquantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) analysis, the CRF2(b) mRNA was mainly found in the heart and skeletal muscle with only low level expression in the brain. In contrast, CRF2(a) mRNA was restricted to the brain with major expression sites in the cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus and telencephalon. Binding and cyclic AMP stimulation studies showed a similar ligand selective profile for both mCRF2 receptor splice variants. A notable exception however, was urotensin I which displayed a approximately 3-fold higher affinity for the CRF2(a) receptor and also stimulated cyclic AMP production in mCRF2(a)-transfected cells with a approximately 3-fold higher potency than in mCRF2(b)-transfected cells. These data show that the mouse like other mammalian species expresses two ligand-selective CRF2 receptor splice variants and that the mCRF2(a) receptor is the predominant central CRF2 receptor in the mouse.
Collapse
|