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Bonin E, Avila VD, Carvalho VM, Cardoso MAP, Matos AM, Ramos AVG, Cabral MRP, Baldoqui DC, Sarragiotto MH, Filho BADA, Prado IND. Study of chemical constituents, antioxidants and antimicrobial activities of Tamarindus indica L. seed. J Food Sci 2023; 88:4639-4652. [PMID: 37755709 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The fruits of Tamarindus indica L. are consumed worldwide, with various parts of the plant being used for medicinal purposes. The residues (pericarp and seeds) generated during cellulose processing are of significant value as they contain bioactive compounds with diverse biological activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate fraction as possible substitutes for synthetic compounds with biological properties using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS) analysis and the evaluation of the antioxidant activity (ferric reducing antioxidant power [FRAP], 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid [ABTS], and 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH]), total phenolic compounds (TPC), and antimicrobial activity of the hydroalcoholic extract and tamarind seed fractions were also performed. The chemical investigation of the acetate fraction using UHPLC-HRMS/MS resulted in the putative identification of 14 compounds, including flavonoids, (+)-catechin/(-)-epicatechin, procyanidin B2, procyanidin C2, isoquercetin, quercetin, luteolin, rutin, taxifolin, eriodictyol, kaempferide, hydroxybenzoic acid, protocathecuic acid, and protocathecuic acid methyl and ethyl esters derivatives. The crude hydroalcoholic extract exhibited the best results in terms of TPC: 883.87 gallic acid equivalent (GAE; mg/g) and antioxidant activity: FRAP: 183.29 GAE (mg/g), ABTS: 39.67%, and DPPH: 91.08%. The extract exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria, specifically Staphylococcus aureus minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)/minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC; 62.5/125 g/mL) and Bacillus cereus MIC/MBC (125/250 g/mL), and gram-negative bacteria, specifically Aeromonas hydrophila MIC/MBC (125/250 µg/mL) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa MIC/MBC (250/500 g/mL). Morphological damage to cells was observed using flow cytometry and scanning electron microscopy. Tamarind seeds contain unique bioactive compounds that should be explored for their use as novel food preservatives. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Original data were obtained regarding the Tamarindus indica L. seed extract and the ethyl acetate and hexane fractions. This research aimed to investigate the potential of these for food preservation and as alternatives to additives and synthetic compounds added to cattle feed. This paper reports novel findings regarding the chemical composition of the extract and its antioxidant activity, along with its antimicrobial activity against bacteria (gram-positive: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and gram-negative: Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Aeromonas hydrophila) and yeasts (Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae).
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Affiliation(s)
- Edinéia Bonin
- Post Graduate Program in Food Science, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Vicente Diaz Avila
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Remington University Corporation, Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia
| | | | | | - Aylle Medeiros Matos
- Post Graduate in Animal Science, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Gierlikowska B, Stachura A, Gierlikowski W, Demkow U. Phagocytosis, Degranulation and Extracellular Traps Release by Neutrophils-The Current Knowledge, Pharmacological Modulation and Future Prospects. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:666732. [PMID: 34017259 PMCID: PMC8129565 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.666732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are crucial elements of innate immune system, which assure host defense via a range of effector functions, such as phagocytosis, degranulation, and NET formation. The latest literature clearly indicates that modulation of effector functions of neutrophils may affect the treatment efficacy. Pharmacological modulation may affect molecular mechanisms activating or suppressing phagocytosis, degranulation or NET formation. In this review, we describe the role of neutrophils in physiology and in the course of bacterial and viral infections, illustrating the versatility and plasticity of those cells. This review also focus on the action of plant extracts, plant-derived compounds and synthetic drugs on effector functions of neutrophils. These recent advances in the knowledge can help to devise novel therapeutic approaches via pharmacological modulation of the described processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Gierlikowska
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Albert Stachura
- Department of Methodology, Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Gierlikowski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Demkow
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of Tamarindus indica pulp extract from Brazil. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00855-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Identification of functional properties of non-timber forest produce and locally available food resources in promoting food security among Irula tribes of South India. J Public Health (Oxf) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-019-01075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Medicinal plants used by traditional medicine practitioners to boost the immune system in people living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2019.101011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Arshad MS, Imran M, Ahmed A, Sohaib M, Ullah A, Nisa MU, Hina G, Khalid W, Rehana H. Tamarind: A diet-based strategy against lifestyle maladies. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:3378-3390. [PMID: 31762991 PMCID: PMC6848808 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The modern-day review article is an exquisite attempt to demonstrate the extreme therapeutic potential of tamarind fruit (Tamarindus indica), particularly its pulp, seed, and leaf extract, against lifestyle-related chronic disorders. The rapid transition in the diet patterns and also the varying lifestyle of the people has made its way forth, a momentous upsurge in a number of chronic as well as degenerative diseases. An excess of foods having functional and nutraceutical significance has come into view recently. These foods have emerged as effective therapeutical remedies against these disorders owing to their natural phytochemical constituents present in them, in abundance. Tamarindus indica serves as a proverbial herbal medicine in each and every part of the world that is known to mankind. Also, the tamarind kernel powder (TKP) is of immense commercial significance in some of the major, leading industries of the World. The derivation of an important gel-forming substance (polysaccharide), named as "jellose," from the decorticated seed kernels of tamarind fruit has led to the manufacture of pectin. It is used in industrial scale in the preparation of various products like jams, jellies, and most important in the preparation of cheese. It plays an evident role as a stabilizer of commercial significance, and it has also been greatly recommend by the scientists to be used as a potent ingredient in a range of pharmaceutical products. The leaves of tamarind plant are also used as part of the daily diet in several countries where they are readily consumed in fresh form and especially during drought season.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Diet and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of LahoreLahorePakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmed
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohaib
- Department of Food Science and Human NutritionUniversity of Veterinary and animal SciencesLahorePakistan
| | - Azmat Ullah
- Department of Food Science and Human NutritionUniversity of Veterinary and animal SciencesLahorePakistan
| | - Mehr un Nisa
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Gule Hina
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Waseem Khalid
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Hafiza Rehana
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
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Rodrigues LC, Kabeya LM, Azzolini AECS, Cerri DG, Stowell SR, Cummings RD, Lucisano-Valim YM, Dias-Baruffi M. Galectin-1 modulation of neutrophil reactive oxygen species production depends on the cell activation state. Mol Immunol 2019; 116:80-89. [PMID: 31630079 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the effects of exogenous and endogenous galectin-1 (Gal-1) in modulating the functional responses of human and murine neutrophils at different stages of activation, i.e. naive, primed, and activated. Exposure to Gal-1 did not induce ROS production in either naive or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-primed (fMLP; 10-9 M) neutrophils. However, Gal-1 elicited a concentration-dependent ROS production in neutrophils activated with fMLP at concentrations ranging from 10-8 M to 10-6 M. Additional fMLP (10-7 M) stimulation of fMLP-activated neutrophils increased ROS production, whose intensity was inversely related to the fMLP concentration used in the first activation step (10-8 M to 10-6 M), and was not influenced by the presence of Gal-1. Naive neutrophils treated with Gal-1 and then exposed to fMLP (10-6 M) or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (10-7 M) produced less ROS, as compared to naive neutrophils not treated with Gal-1. Interestingly, these in vitro Gal-1 effects were associated with Gal-1 carbohydrate-binding activity and the ability to decrease FPR-1 (formyl peptide receptor 1) expression in naive human neutrophils. Conversely, positive ROS modulation by Gal-1 in activated neutrophils was not associated with FPR-1 expression but it was related to its carbohydrate recognition. In vitro, fMLP stimulation of Gal-1-/- mouse neutrophils produced more ROS than fMLP stimulation of Gal-1+/+ neutrophils and this effect may be associated with increased FPR-1 expression. Exogenous Gal-1 induced ROS production in Gal-1-/- mouse neutrophils more effectively than in Gal-1+/+ mouse neutrophils. Compared to Gal-1+/+ mice, Gal-1-/- mice exhibited lower bacterial load in the peritoneal fluid and peripheral blood, thus indicating a greater bactericidal activity in vivo. These findings demonstrate that endogenous Gal-1 restricts ROS generation that correlates with bacterial killing capacity in inflammatory neutrophils. Thus, endogenous and exogenous Gal-1 may either positively or negatively modulate the effector functions of neutrophils according to the cell activation stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lílian C Rodrigues
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Kabeya
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa C S Azzolini
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Giuliano Cerri
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Pathology Department, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 3 Blackfan Circle, Room 11087, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yara Maria Lucisano-Valim
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dias-Baruffi
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Eugenol as a Promising Molecule for the Treatment of Dermatitis: Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities and Its Nanoformulation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8194849. [PMID: 30647816 PMCID: PMC6311755 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8194849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Contact dermatitis produces an inflammatory reaction primarily via stimulation of keratinocytes and cells of the immune system, which promote the release of cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and other chemical mediators. Eugenol (EUG, phenylpropanoid of essential oils) has attracted attention due to its anti-inflammatory properties, as well as antioxidant effect. On the other hand, it is volatile and insoluble and is a skin irritant. In this case, nanostructured systems have been successfully employed as a drug carrier for skin diseases since they improve both biological and pharmaceutical properties of active compounds. The cytotoxic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of EUG were assessed in human neutrophils and keratinocytes. Additionally, polymeric nanocarries (NCEUG) were prepared to improve the chemical and irritant characteristics of EUG. EUG presented apparent safety and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on human neutrophils, but presented cytotoxic effects on keratinocytes. However, the nanocapsules were able to reduce its cytotoxicity. An in vivo experiment of irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) in mice induced by TPA showed that NCEUG reduced significantly the ear edema in mice when compared to the EUG solution, as well as the leukocyte infiltration and IL-6 level, possibly due to better skin permeation and irritancy blockage. These findings suggest that EUG is a promising bioactive molecule, and its nanoencapsulation seems to be an interesting approach for the treatment of ICD.
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Andrade MF, Kabeya LM, Bortot LO, Dos Santos GB, Santos EOL, Albiero LR, Figueiredo-Rinhel ASG, Carvalho CA, Azzolini AECS, Caliri A, Pupo MT, Emery FS, Lucisano-Valim YM. The 3-phenylcoumarin derivative 6,7-dihydroxy-3-[3',4'-methylenedioxyphenyl]-coumarin downmodulates the FcγR- and CR-mediated oxidative metabolism and elastase release in human neutrophils: Possible mechanisms underlying inhibition of the formation and release of neutrophil extracellular traps. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 115:421-435. [PMID: 29248721 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report the ability of a set of eight 3-phenylcoumarin derivatives bearing 6,7- or 5,7-dihydroxyl groups, free or acetylated, bound to the benzopyrone moiety, to modulate the effector functions of human neutrophils. In general, (i) 6,7-disubstituted compounds (5, 6, 19, 20) downmodulated the Fcγ receptor-mediated neutrophil oxidative metabolism more strongly than 5,7-disubstituted compounds (21, 22, 23, 24), and (ii) hydroxylated compounds (5, 19, 21, 23) downmodulated this neutrophil function more effectively than their acetylated counterparts (6, 20, 22, 24, respectively). Compounds 5 (6,7-dihydroxy-3-[3',4'-methylenedioxyphenyl]-coumarin) and 19 (6,7-dihydroxy-3-[3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl]-coumarin) effectively downmodulated the neutrophil oxidative metabolism elicited via Fcγ and/or complement receptors. Compound 5 also downmodulated the immune complex-stimulated phagocytosis, degranulation of elastase, and production and release of neutrophil extracellular traps, as well as the human neutrophil chemotaxis towards n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, without altering the expression level of formyl peptide receptor type 1. Both compounds 5 and 19 did not impair the neutrophil capacity to recognize and kill Candida albicans. Docking calculations revealed that compounds 5 and 19 directly interacted with three catalytic residues - Gln-91, His-95, and Arg-239 - inside the myeloperoxidase active site. Together, these findings indicate that (i) inhibition of reactive oxygen species generation and degranulation of elastase are closely associated with downmodulation of release of neutrophil extracellular traps; and (ii) compound 5 can be a prototype for the development of novel immunomodulating drugs to treat immune complex-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micássio F Andrade
- Department of de Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes n. 3900, CEP 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Kabeya
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro O Bortot
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela B Dos Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Everton O L Santos
- Department of de Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes n. 3900, CEP 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucinéia R Albiero
- Department of de Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes n. 3900, CEP 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Andréa S G Figueiredo-Rinhel
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila A Carvalho
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa C S Azzolini
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Caliri
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mônica T Pupo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Flavio S Emery
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Yara Maria Lucisano-Valim
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Figueiredo-Rinhel ASG, de Melo LL, Bortot LO, Santos EOL, Andrade MF, Azzolini AECS, Kabeya LM, Caliri A, Bastos JK, Lucisano-Valim YM. Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae) selectively modulates the effector functions of human neutrophils. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 69:1829-1845. [PMID: 28994118 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine whether the hydroalcoholic extract from Baccharis dracunculifolia leaves (BdE) modulates the human neutrophil oxidative metabolism, degranulation, phagocytosis and microbial killing capacity. METHODS In-vitro assays based on chemiluminescence, spectrophotometry, flow cytometry and polarimetry were used, as well as docking calculations. KEY FINDINGS At concentrations that effectively suppressed the neutrophil oxidative metabolism elicited by soluble and particulate stimuli (<10 μg/ml), without clear signs of cytotoxicity, BdE (1) inhibited NADPH oxidase and myeloperoxidase activity; (2) scavenged H2 O2 and HOCl; (3) weakly inhibited phagocytosis; and (4) did not affect neutrophil degranulation and microbial killing capacity, the expression levels of TLR2, TLR4, FcγRIIa, FcγRIIIb and CR3 and the activity of elastase and lysozyme. Caffeic acid, one of the major B. dracunculifolia secondary metabolites, did not inhibit phagocytosis but interfered in the myeloperoxidase-H2 O2 -HOCl system by scavenging H2 O2 and HOCl, and interacting with the catalytic residues His-95, Arg-239 and Gln-91. CONCLUSIONS BdE selectively modulates the effector functions of human neutrophils, inhibits the activity of key enzymes and scavenges physiological oxidant species. Caffeic acid contributes to lower the levels of oxidant species. Our findings help to unravel the mechanisms by which these natural products exert immunomodulatory action towards neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa S G Figueiredo-Rinhel
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lamartine L de Melo
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro O Bortot
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Everton O L Santos
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Micássio F Andrade
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa C S Azzolini
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Kabeya
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Caliri
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jairo K Bastos
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Yara Maria Lucisano-Valim
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Rehana D, Mahendiran D, Kumar RS, Rahiman AK. Evaluation of antioxidant and anticancer activity of copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized using medicinally important plant extracts. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:1067-1077. [PMID: 28292015 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were synthesized by green chemistry approach using different plant extracts obtained from the leaves of Azadirachta indica, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Murraya koenigii, Moringa oleifera and Tamarindus indica. In order to compare their efficiency, the same copper oxide nanoparticles was also synthesized by chemical method. Phytochemical screening of the leaf extracts showed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, saponins, tannins, proteins and amino acids. FT IR spectra confirmed the possible biomolecules responsible for the formation of copper oxide nanoparticles. The surface plasmon resonance absorption band at 220-235nm in the UV-vis spectra also supports the formation of copper oxide nanoparticles. XRD patterns revealed the monoclinic phase of the synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles. The average size, shape and the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles were determined by SEM, TEM and SAED analysis. EDX analysis confirmed the presence of elements in the synthesized nanoparticles. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by three different free radical scavenging assays. The cytotoxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles was evaluated against four cancer cell lines such as human breast (MCF-7), cervical (HeLa), epithelioma (Hep-2) and lung (A549), and one normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cell line. The morphological changes were evaluated using Hoechst 33258 staining assay. Copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized by green method exhibited high antioxidant and cytotoxicity than that synthesized by chemical method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilaveez Rehana
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 014, India; Department of Chemistry, Justice Basheer Ahmed Sayeed College for Women (Autonomous), Chennai 600 018, India
| | - D Mahendiran
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 014, India
| | - R Senthil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Tiruchengodu 637 205, India
| | - A Kalilur Rahiman
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai 600 014, India.
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Mothibe ME, Kahler-Venter C, Osuch E. IN VITRO EFFECTS OF A COMMERCIAL HERBAL MEDICINE USED AS AFRICAN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE ON HUMAN NEUTROPHILS. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2017; 14:51-60. [PMID: 28480416 PMCID: PMC5412238 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i3.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Commercial herbal medicines (CHMs) being marketed as immune boosters or tonics, have gained widespread popularity. The many herbal mixtures sold have not been tested for efficacy and safety, despite their modern packaging and presentations. It is imperative that these herbal mixtures be investigated for their effects on human neutrophils. Methods: The selected herbal mixture (HM), Stametta™ Body healing liquid, is common in retail outlets in Pretoria, South Africa (SA) and is used as an immune booster or intended to strengthen the body. Isolated neutrophils as well as those in whole blood phagocytes were obtained from blood samples collected from consenting healthy adult volunteers. The neutrophils were incubated with the HM at different strengths, and taken through a luminol-enhanced luminescence assay, using activators- phorbol myristate acetate and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine. Results: The HM had variable stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the luminescence activity of healthy isolated and non-isolated human neutrophils. The effects, ranging from weak to potent were either directly or inversely related to the concentration of the HM and were mediated through a direct protein kinase C activating mechanism and an indirect formyl peptide receptor-linked mechanism. Conclusion: The findings have shown the immunomodulatory potential of Stametta™. The in vitro inhibitory and stimulatory effects on neutrophils which are furthermore time-based, suggest variable effects on the immune system, which may be beneficial as well as risky. The effects at different concentrations highlight the importance of appropriate dosing. It would therefore be prudent to caution users of this commercial herbal medicine accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elżbieta Osuch
- Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
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Soradech S, Petchtubtim I, Thongdon-A J, Muangman T. Development of Wax-Incorporated Emulsion Gel Beads for the Encapsulation and Intragastric Floating Delivery of the Active Antioxidant from Tamarindus indica L. Molecules 2016; 21:380. [PMID: 27011162 PMCID: PMC6273378 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) seed extracts with potential antioxidant activity and toxicity to cancer cells were developed as functional foods and nutraceutical ingredients in the form of emulsion gel beads. Three extracts were obtained from ethanol and water: TSCH50, TSCH95 and TSCH. All extracts exhibited high potential for superoxide anion scavenging activity over the IC50 range < 5–11 µg/mL and had no toxic effects on normal cells, however, the water extract (TSCH) was the most effective due to its free radical scavenging activity and toxicity in mitochondrial membranes of cancer cells. Next a study was designed to develop a new formulation for encapsulation and intragastric floating delivery of tamarind seed extract (TSCH) using wax-incorporated emulsion gel beads, which were prepared using a modified ionotropic gelation technique. Tamarind seed extract at 1% (w/w) was used as the active ingredient in all formulations. The effect of the types and amounts of wax on the encapsulation efficiency and percentage of the active release of alginate gel beads was also investigated. The results demonstrated that the incorporation of both waxes into the gel beads had an effect on the percentage of encapsulation efficiency (%) and the percentage of the active ingredient release. Furthermore, the addition of water insoluble waxes (carnauba and bee wax) significantly retarded the release of the active ingredient. The addition of both waxes had a slight effect on drug release behavior. Nevertheless, the increase in incorporated waxes in all formulations could sustain the percentage of active ingredient release. In conclusion, wax-incorporated emulsion gel beads using a modified ionotropic gelation technique could be applied for the intragastric floating delivery and controlled release of functional food and nutraceutical products for their antioxidant and anticancer capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitthiphong Soradech
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Natural Products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
| | - Intira Petchtubtim
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Natural Products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
| | - Jeerayu Thongdon-A
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Natural Products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
| | - Thanchanok Muangman
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Natural Products, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
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Biological characterization of compounds from Rhinella schneideri poison that act on the complement system. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2015; 21:25. [PMID: 26273286 PMCID: PMC4535373 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-015-0024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The skin secretions of toads of the family Bufonidae contain biogenic amines, alkaloids, steroids (bufotoxins), bufodienolides (bufogenin), peptides and proteins. The poison of Rhinella schneideri, formerly classified as Bufo paracnemis, presents components that act on different biological systems, including the complement system. The aim of this study was to isolate and examine the activity of Rhinella schneideri poison (RsP) components on the complement system. Methods The components active on the complement system were purified in three chromatographic steps, using a combination of cation-exchange, anion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography. The resulting fractions were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and screened for their activity in the hemolytic assay of the classical/lectin complement pathways. Fractions active on the complement system were also assessed for their ability to generate C3 fragments evaluated by two dimensional immunoelectrophoresis assay, C3a and C5a by neutrophil chemotaxis assay and SC5b-9 complex by ELISA assay. Results The fractionation protocol was able to isolate the component S5 from the RsP, as demonstrated by SDS-PAGE and the RP-FPLC profile. S5 is a protein of about 6000 Da, while S2 presents components of higher molecular mass (40,000 to 50,000 Da). Fractions S2 and S5 attenuated the hemolytic activity of the classical/lectin pathways after preincubation with normal human serum. Both components stimulated complement-dependent neutrophil chemotaxis and the production of C3 fragments, as shown by two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis. S2 showed a higher capacity to generate the SC5b-9 complex than the other fractions. This action was observed after the exposure of normal human serum to the fractions. Conclusions This is the first study to examine the activity of RsP components on the complement system. Fractions S2 and S5 reduced the complement hemolytic activity, stimulated complement-dependent neutrophil chemotaxis and stimulated the production of C3 fragments, indicating that they were able to activate the complement cascade. Furthermore, fraction S2 was also able to generate the SC5b-9 complex. These components may be useful tools for studying dysfunction of the complement cascade.
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Santos EOL, Azzolini AECS, Lucisano-Valim YM. Optimization of a flow cytometric assay to evaluate the human neutrophil ability to phagocytose immune complexes via Fcγ and complement receptors. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2014; 72:67-71. [PMID: 25450839 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to optimize some experimental conditions of a flow cytometric assay to examine the human neutrophil ability to phagocytose immune complexes (ICs) via Fcγ and complement receptors (FcγR and CR, respectively). The parameters assessed were: number of cells, concentration of ICs, reaction time, pH and concentration of the Trypan Blue quenching solution. METHODS Neutrophils were isolated from peripheral blood of healthy volunteers. Precipitated ICs composed of IgG and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled ovalbumin, opsonized or not with serum complement, were used to trigger the neutrophil phagocytosis via FcγR, CR, and FcγR+CR. Fluorescence of the internalized ICs was measured by flow cytometry, after quenching the extracellular fluorescence with Trypan Blue. RESULTS The optimal experimental conditions established for the phagocytosis assay were: 1 × 10(6) cells mL(-1) and 40 μg mL(-1) FITC-labeled ICs, incubated for 30 min, at 37°C, in 0.5 mL of reaction volume. Trypan Blue solution at 1.25 mg mL(-1) pH4.4 was the best fluorescence quencher of FITC-labeled ICs attached to the outer surface of neutrophils. DISCUSSION The selected experimental conditions were viable to evaluate IC phagocytosis by neutrophils; they are also suitable to compare the efficiency of IC phagocytosis mediated by FcγR and CR classes of membrane receptors, alone or in combination. This method finds application in studies of (i) the receptor-specific phagocytic function of normal and pathogenic neutrophils as well as (ii) the impact of drugs and therapies on this essential effector function of neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everton O L Santos
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-903, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Elisa C S Azzolini
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Yara M Lucisano-Valim
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-903, Brazil.
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Santos EO, Kabeya LM, Figueiredo-Rinhel AS, Marchi LF, Andrade MF, Piatesi F, Paoliello-Paschoalato AB, Azzolini AEC, Lucisano-Valim YM. Flavonols modulate the effector functions of healthy individuals' immune complex-stimulated neutrophils: A therapeutic perspective for rheumatoid arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 21:102-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Assessment of antioxidant activity of spray dried extracts of Psidium guajava leaves by DPPH and chemiluminescence inhibition in human neutrophils. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:382891. [PMID: 24822200 PMCID: PMC4005054 DOI: 10.1155/2014/382891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This work evaluated the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of spray dried extracts (SDE) from Psidium guajava L. leaves. Different drying carriers, namely, maltodextrin, colloidal silicon dioxide, Arabic gum, and β-cyclodextrin at concentrations of 40 and 80% relative to solids content, were added to drying composition. SDE were characterized through determination of the total phenolic, tannins, and flavonoid content. Antioxidant potential of the SDE was assessed by two assays: cellular test that measures the luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (LumCL) produced by neutrophils stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and the DPPH radical scavenging (DPPH∗ method). In both assays the antioxidant activity of the SDE occurred in a concentration-dependent manner and showed no toxicity to the cells. Using the CLlum method, the IC50 ranged from 5.42 to 6.50 µg/mL. The IC50 of the SDE ranged from 7.96 to 8.11 µg/mL using the DPPH• method. Psidium guajava SDE presented significant antioxidant activity; thus they show high potential as an active phytopharmaceutical ingredient. Our findings in human neutrophils are pharmacologically relevant since they indicate that P. guajava SDE is a potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent in human cells.
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Salles MSV, Zanetti MA, Junior LCR, Salles FA, Azzolini AECS, Soares EM, Faccioli LH, Valim YML. Performance and immune response of suckling calves fed organic selenium. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Figueiredo-Rinhel ASG, Kabeya LM, Bueno PCP, Jorge-Tiossi RF, Azzolini AECS, Bastos JK, Lucisano-Valim YM. Inhibition of the human neutrophil oxidative metabolism by Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae) is influenced by seasonality and the ratio of caffeic acid to other phenolic compounds. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:655-664. [PMID: 24076472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The great potential of phytotherapic drugs for treating and preventing inflammatory diseases mediated by increased neutrophil reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation has guided the search for new natural products with antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Baccharis dracunculifolia D.C. (Asteraceae), the main botanical source of Brazilian green propolis, is a native plant from Brazil widely used in folk medicine as anti-inflammatory. This study aims: (a) to determine the influence of seasonality on the chemical profile and biological activity of Baccharis dracunculifolia (Asteraceae) leaf extracts (BdE); (b) to analyze the correlation between the major compounds and the ability of BdE to modulate the superoxide anion and total ROS generation by human neutrophils. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extracts were obtained from leaf samples collected monthly during one year. The superoxide anion and total ROS generation were assessed by the lucigenin (CL-luc)- and luminol (CL-lum)-enhanced chemiluminescence assays. RESULTS Seasonality influenced more the quantitative than the qualitative chemical profile of B. dracunculifolia, and affected its biological activity. The major compounds identified were caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, aromadendrin-4'-methyl ether (AME), isosakuranetin and artepillin C. The IC₅₀ values obtained for CL-lum and CL-luc inhibition by BdE ranged from 8.1-15.8 and 5.8-13.3µgmL(-1), respectively, and correlated positively with caffeic acid concentration. CL-luc inhibition correlated negatively with the concentration of artepillin C, AME, isosakuranetin and total flavonoids. The BdE sample from May/07 inhibited CL-lum and CL-luc the most strongly (IC₅₀=8.1 ± 1.6 and 5.8 ± 1.0 µg mL(-1), respectively), and contained the highest ratio of caffeic acid to the other isolated compounds; so, this ratio could be employed as chemical marker for this biological activity of B. dracunculifolia. CONCLUSION The ability of B. dracunculifolia to inhibit the neutrophil ROS generation depends more on the type and ratio of phenolic compounds and flavonoids than on their high absolute concentrations. Together, our results help select the most appropriate plant material for the production of phytotherapic drugs to be used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases mediated by increased neutrophil activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa S G Figueiredo-Rinhel
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Monte Alegre, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Kabeya LM, Fuzissaki CN, Taleb-Contini SH, da C. Ferreira AM, Naal Z, Santos EO, Figueiredo-Rinhel AS, Azzolini AEC, Vermelho RB, Malvezzi A, -do Amaral AT, Lopes JLC, Lucisano-Valim YM. 7-Hydroxycoumarin modulates the oxidative metabolism, degranulation and microbial killing of human neutrophils. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 206:63-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 07/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kabeya LM, Fuzissaki CN, Andrade MF, Azzolini AECS, Taleb-Contini SH, Vermelho RB, Lopes JLC, Lucisano-Valim YM. 4-methylcoumarin derivatives inhibit human neutrophil oxidative metabolism and elastase activity. J Med Food 2013; 16:692-700. [PMID: 23905650 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased neutrophil activation significantly contributes to the tissue damage in inflammatory illnesses; this phenomenon has motivated the search for new compounds to modulate their effector functions. Coumarins are natural products that are widely consumed in the human diet. We have evaluated the antioxidant and immunomodulator potential of five 4-methylcoumarin derivatives. We found that the 4-methylcoumarin derivatives inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species by human neutrophils triggered by serum-opsonized zymosan or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate; this inhibition occurred in a concentration-dependent manner, as revealed by lucigenin- and luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence assays. Cytotoxicity did not mediate this inhibitory effect. The 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin suppressed the neutrophil oxidative metabolism more effectively than the 6,7- and 5,7-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarins, but the 5,7- and 7,8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarins were less effective than their hydroxylated counterparts. An analysis of the biochemical pathways suggested that the 6,7- and 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarins inhibit the protein kinase C-mediated signaling pathway, but 5,7-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin, as well as 5,7- and 7,8-diacetoxy-4-methylcoumarins do not significantly interfere in this pathway of the activation of the human neutrophil oxidative metabolism. The 4-methylcoumarin derivatives bearing the catechol group suppressed the elastase and myeloperoxidase activity and reduced the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical the most strongly. Interestingly, the 5,7-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin scavenged hypochlorous acid more effectively than the o-dihydroxy-substituted 4-methylcoumarin derivatives, and the diacetoxylated 4-methylcoumarin derivatives scavenged hypochlorous acid as effectively as the 7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylcoumarin. The significant influence of small structural modifications in the inhibitory potential of 4-methylcoumarin derivatives on the effector functions of neutrophil makes them interesting candidates to develop new drugs for the treatment of inflammatory diseases mediated by increased neutrophil activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana M Kabeya
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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de Araújo Lopes A, Magalhães TR, de Andrade Uchôa DE, Silveira ER, Azzolini AECS, Kabeya LM, Lucisano-Valim YM, Vasconcelos SMM, de Barros Viana GS, Leal LKAM. Afrormosin, an Isoflavonoid from Amburana cearensis A. C. Smith, Modulates the Inflammatory Response of Stimulated Human Neutrophils. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2013; 113:363-9. [PMID: 23815171 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavones are phytoestrogens known by their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Presently, there is no information on whether afrormosin, an isoflavone from Amburana cearensis A.C. Smith (Fabaceae), has some effect on the inflammatory response from stimulated human neutrophils. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials of afrormosin on human neutrophils. Neutrophils (2.5 × 10(6) cells/mL) were incubated with afrormosin (3.35-335.2 μM) prepared from a product isolated from Amburana cearensis A.C. Smith with a 78.5% degree of purity and stimulated by the addition of cytochalasin B and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) or phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). Afrormosin inhibited the neutrophil degranulation induced by fMLP (10.47-335.2 μM) or PMA (0.33-167.6 μM), myeloperoxidase activity (3.3-335.2 μM), TNF-α secretion (16.7-335.2 μM) and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation (16.7-335.2 μM). On the other hand, afrormosin did not show any effect either on elastase or as a free radical scavenger. These data suggest that afrormosin modulates intermediary steps of the neutrophil ROS generation process. In addition, the modulatory effect of afrormosin on human neutrophil degranulation seems to be directed towards PMA-induced activation, indicating a potent inhibition of the protein kinase C activity. This study provided evidence, for the first time, to support the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of afrormosin, creating novel insights into the pharmacological actions of this natural isoflavone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda de Araújo Lopes
- Center for Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Studies, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Talita R Magalhães
- Center for Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Studies, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Edilberto R Silveira
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ana E C S Azzolini
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Kabeya
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yara M Lucisano-Valim
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luzia K A M Leal
- Center for Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Studies, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
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Andrade MF, Kabeya LM, Azzolini AECS, Santos EOL, Figueiredo-Rinhel ASG, Paris MRP, Emery FS, Pupo MT, Lucisano-Valim YM. 3-Phenylcoumarin derivatives selectively modulate different steps of reactive oxygen species production by immune complex-stimulated human neutrophils. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 15:387-94. [PMID: 23333455 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Immune complex (IC) deposition in tissues triggers the release of harmful oxidant and lytic compounds by neutrophils. We examined how ten 3-phenylcoumarin derivatives affect the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by IC-stimulated human neutrophils. Most of the 3-phenylcoumarins inhibited the luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL-lum) more strongly than they inhibited the lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL-luc), without clear signs of toxicity. The most effective CL-lum inhibitors, 6,7-dihydroxy-3-[3',4'-methylenedioxyphenyl]-coumarin (5) and 6,7-dihydroxy-3-[3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl]-coumarin (19), also inhibited myeloperoxidase activity more potently and had higher hypochlorous acid scavenging ability, but did not affect the NADPH-oxidase activity. The type, number, and position of the substituent influenced the pharmacological effects of 3-phenylcoumarins; however, the structural requirements for CL-lum and CL-luc inhibition were a little different. Compounds 5 and 19 are promising prototypes of therapeutic molecules to modulate ROS production by neutrophils in IC-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micássio F Andrade
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes n. 3900, CEP 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Esmat A, Al-Abbasi FA, Algandaby MM, Moussa AY, Labib RM, Ayoub NA, Abdel-Naim AB. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pistacia khinjuk in Different Experimental Models: Isolation and Characterization of Its Flavonoids and Galloylated Sugars. J Med Food 2012; 15:278-87. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2011.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Esmat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fahad A. Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mardi M. Algandaby
- Department of Biology (Botany), Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashaimaa Y. Moussa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rola M. Labib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nahla A. Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf B. Abdel-Naim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Razali N, Mat-Junit S, Abdul-Muthalib AF, Subramaniam S, Abdul-Aziz A. Effects of various solvents on the extraction of antioxidant phenolics from the leaves, seeds, veins and skins of Tamarindus indica L. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Chan CH, Ngoh GC, Yusoff R. A brief review on anti diabetic plants: Global distribution, active ingredients, extraction techniques and acting mechanisms. Pharmacogn Rev 2012; 6:22-8. [PMID: 22654401 PMCID: PMC3358964 DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.95854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Revised: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A study has been conducted with the aim to provide researchers with general information on anti diabetic extracts based on relevant research articles collected from 34 reliable medical journals. The study showed that Asian and African continents have 56% and 17% share of the worldwide distribution of therapeutic herbal plants, respectively. In Asia, India and China are the leading countries in herbal plants research, and there has been an increase in medicinal research on plants extract for diabetes treatment since 1995 in these regions. The information collected shows that plant leaves are about 20% more favorable for storing active ingredients, as compared to other parts of herbal plants. A brief review on the extraction techniques for the mentioned parts is also included. Furthermore, the acting mechanisms for the anti diabetic activity were described, and the related active ingredients were identified. The findings reveal that most of the anti diabetic research is focused on the alteration of glucose metabolism to prevent diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hung Chan
- University of Malaya, Department of Chemical Engineering, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gek-Cheng Ngoh
- University of Malaya, Department of Chemical Engineering, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rozita Yusoff
- University of Malaya, Department of Chemical Engineering, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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