1
|
Gallego-Barceló P, Bagues A, Benítez-Álvarez D, López-Tofiño Y, Gálvez-Robleño C, López-Gómez L, del Castillo MD, Abalo R. Evaluation of the Effects of Instant Cascara Beverage on the Brain-Gut Axis of Healthy Male and Female Rats. Nutrients 2023; 16:65. [PMID: 38201895 PMCID: PMC10780800 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Instant cascara (IC) is a sustainable beverage obtained from dried coffee cherry pulp, rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds. The present research aimed to determine the effects of IC on general health and brain-gut axis parameters of healthy female and male rats. Wistar rats were exposed to IC (10 mg/mL) in their drinking water for 3 weeks. Body weight and solid and liquid intakes were monitored as indicators of food safety. Gastrointestinal transit was radiographically evaluated one day (acute) and 3 weeks (chronic) after the start of IC exposure. Locomotor activity, anxiety, and anhedonia of the animals after 3 weeks of treatment was also studied. Overall, compared to water-exposed animals, IC significantly increased food intake in males (p < 0.0001) and liquid intake in females (p < 0.05) without changes in body weight in either case. IC did not significantly modify gastrointestinal motility parameters after its acute or repeated intake and did not cause any significant behavioral alterations in males or females (p > 0.05). In conclusion, repeated intake of IC at the studied concentration did not negatively affect brain-gut axis functions of healthy male and female rats. Anxiety behavior, diarrhea, constipation, abnormal weight modifications, or other typical effects of toxicity were not observed in animals treated with the new powdered beverage, suggesting its food safety under the studied conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Gallego-Barceló
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (P.G.-B.); (D.B.-Á.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.G.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Ana Bagues
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (P.G.-B.); (D.B.-Á.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.G.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- Associated R+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - David Benítez-Álvarez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (P.G.-B.); (D.B.-Á.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.G.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Yolanda López-Tofiño
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (P.G.-B.); (D.B.-Á.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.G.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Carlos Gálvez-Robleño
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (P.G.-B.); (D.B.-Á.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.G.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Laura López-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (P.G.-B.); (D.B.-Á.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.G.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - María Dolores del Castillo
- Food Bioscience Group, Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentacion (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Calle Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (P.G.-B.); (D.B.-Á.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.G.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- Associated R+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Pain and Analgesia of the Spanish Pain Society (Grupo de Trabajo de Ciencias Básicas en Dolor y Analgesia de la Sociedad Española del Dolor), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Cannabinoids of the Spanish Pain Society (Grupo de Trabajo de Cannabinoides de la Sociedad Española del Dolor), 28046 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vardakas P, Kartsonakis IA, Kyriazis ID, Kainourgios P, Trompeta AFA, Charitidis CA, Kouretas D. Pristine, carboxylated, and hybrid multi-walled carbon nanotubes exert potent antioxidant activities in in vitro-cell free systems. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 220:115156. [PMID: 36574796 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are tubular-shaped carbon allotropes, composed of multiple concentric graphene cylinders. The extended systems of conjugated double bonds, that MWCNTs are constituted by, provide them with high electron affinities, enabling them to act as electron donors or acceptors. Consequently, their potential biomedical applications, as synthetic antioxidant agents, are of particular interest. Based on the above, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the intrinsic antioxidant properties of pristine and carboxylated MWCNTs, as well as of novel hybrid nanocomposites of MWCNTs and inorganic nanoparticles. To this end, after the synthesis and characterization of MWCNTs, their antiradical, reducing, and antigenotoxic properties were assessed in cell-free assays, using a methodological approach that has been recently proposed by our research group. According to our results, most of the tested MWCNTs exhibited strong antioxidant activities. More elaborately, the hybrid material of MWCNTs and ferrous oxide nanoparticles, i.e., CNTs@Fe3O4, showed robust scavenging capacities in all free-radical scavenging assays examined. As regards reducing properties, the pristine MWCNTs, i.e., CNTs-Ref, exhibited the greater electron donating capacity. Finally, in terms of antigenotoxic properties, the hybrid material of MWCNTs and silicon carbide nanoparticles, i.e., CNTs@SiC, exhibited potent ability to inhibit the formation of peroxyl radicals, thus preventing from the oxidative DNA damage. Conclusively, our findings suggest that the MWCNTs of the study could be considered as promising broad-spectrum antioxidants, however, further investigations are required to evaluate their toxicological profile in cell-based and in vivo systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Periklis Vardakas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis A Kartsonakis
- Research Lab of Advanced, Composite, Nano-Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou St. Zografos, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis D Kyriazis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Kainourgios
- Research Lab of Advanced, Composite, Nano-Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou St. Zografos, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Flora A Trompeta
- Research Lab of Advanced, Composite, Nano-Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou St. Zografos, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos A Charitidis
- Research Lab of Advanced, Composite, Nano-Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou St. Zografos, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Redox Biomarkers Assessment after Oral Administration of Wine Extract and Grape Stem Extract in Rats and Mice. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041574. [PMID: 36838560 PMCID: PMC9965357 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Wine and by-products of the winemaking process, such as grape stems, are rich in bioactive polyphenolic compounds that might be beneficial for animal and human health. In recent years, the administration of dietary polyphenols with strong antioxidant and cytoprotective properties has constituted an emerging line of research interest toward disease prevention. However, in scientific literature, only a limited number of studies have investigated the safety and the toxicological risks of polyphenolic compounds in vivo. Based on the above, the purpose of the present study was two-fold: first, to examine the effects of oral administration of a grape stem extract, derived from the Greek red wine Mavrodaphne, on mice redox biomarkers; and second, to investigate the biological effects of oral administration of a wine extract, derived from the emblematic Greek red wine Xinomavro, on rats. Toward this purpose, body weight, growth rate, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological parameters, as well as a panel of redox biomarkers, were examined. According to our results, the administration of Mavrodaphne grape stem extract in mice induced alterations in redox homeostasis, preventing mice from the adverse effects of lipid peroxidation. Contrariwise, the administration of Xinomavro wine extract induced both beneficial and harmful outcomes on rat redox status determined by the examined tissue. Collectively, our study reports that the Mavrodaphne grape stem extract, a serious pollutant when disposed in environmental matrices, is an important source of bioactive polyphenolic compounds that could protect from oxidative damage and improve animal and human health. Finally, the Xinomavro wine extract exerts tissue-specific changes in redox balance, which are indicative of the complexity that characterizes the biological systems.
Collapse
|
4
|
Sustainable Valorization of Tomato Pomace ( Lycopersicon esculentum) in Animal Nutrition: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233294. [PMID: 36496814 PMCID: PMC9736048 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Under the background of the current shortage of feed resources, especially the shortage of protein feed, attempts to develop and utilize new feed resources are constantly being made. If the tomato pomace (TP) produced by industrial processing is used improperly, it will not only pollute the environment, but also cause feed resources to be wasted. This review summarizes the nutritional content of TP and its use and impact in animals as an animal feed supplement. Tomato pomace is a by-product of tomato processing, divided into peel, pulp, and tomato seeds, which are rich in proteins, fats, minerals, fatty acids, and amino acids, as well as antioxidant bioactive compounds, such as lycopene, beta-carotenoids, tocopherols, polyphenols, and terpenes. There are mainly two forms of feed: drying and silage. Tomato pomace can improve animal feed intake and growth performance, increase polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and PUFA n-3 content in meat, improve meat color, nutritional value, and juiciness, enhance immunity and antioxidant capacity of animals, and improve sperm quality. Lowering the rumen pH and reducing CH4 production in ruminants promotes the fermentation of rumen microorganisms and improves economic efficiency. Using tomato pomace instead of soybean meal as a protein supplement is a research hotspot in the animal husbandry industry, and further research should focus on the processing technology of TP and its large-scale application in feed.
Collapse
|
5
|
Akamo AJ, Akinloye DI, Ugbaja RN, Adeleye OO, Dosumu OA, Eteng OE, Antiya MC, Amah G, Ajayi OA, Faseun SO. Naringin prevents cyclophosphamide-induced erythrocytotoxicity in rats by abrogating oxidative stress. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1803-1813. [PMID: 34760624 PMCID: PMC8567332 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Earlier reports have shown that Cyclophosphamide (CYCP), an anti-malignant drug, elicited cytotoxicity; and that naringin has several beneficial potentials against oxidative stress and dyslipidaemias. We investigated the influence of naringin on free radical scavenging, cellular integrity, cellular ATP, antioxidants, oxidative stress, and lipid profiles in the CYCP-induced erythrocytotoxicity rat model. Rats were pretreated orally by gavage for fourteen consecutive days with three doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) naringin before single CYCP (200 mg/kg, i.p.) administration. Afterwards, the rats were sacrificed. Naringin concentrations required for 50 % scavenging hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide radical were 0.27 mg/mL and 0.28 mg/mL, respectively. Naringin pretreatment significantly (p < 0.05) protected erythrocytes plasma membrane architecture and integrity by abolishing CYCP-induced decrease in the activity of erythrocyte LDH (a marker of ATP). Pretreatment with naringin remarkably (p < 0.05) reversed CYCP-induced decreases in the erythrocytes glutathione levels, activities of glutathione-S-transferase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase; attenuated CYCP-mediated increases in erythrocytes levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and major lipids (cholesterol, triacylglycerol, phospholipids, and non-esterified fatty acids). Taken together, different acute pretreatment doses of naringin might avert CYCP-mediated erythrocytes dysfunctions via its antioxidant, free-radical scavenging, and anti-dyslipidaemia properties.
Collapse
Key Words
- AP-1, activator protein 1
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- Antioxidants
- BHT, butylated hydroxytoluene
- C31H28N2Na4O13S, xylenol tetrasodium
- C5FeN6Na2O, sodium nitroprusside
- CAT, catalase
- CDNB, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene
- CYCP, cyclophosphamide
- Cu(NO3)2.3H2O, copper II nitrate
- Cyclophosphamide
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- DTNB, 5,5ˈ-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)
- Erythrocytotoxicity
- FeSO4.7H2O, Iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate
- G6PDH, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
- GSH, reduced glutathione
- GSPx, glutathione peroxidase
- GSR, glutathione reductase
- GSSG, oxidized glutathione
- GST, glutathione-S-transferase
- H2O2, hydrogen peroxide
- H3PO3, phosphoric acid
- HO•, hydroxyl radical
- HSCs, hepatic stellate cells
- K2HPO4, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate
- KCl, potassium chloride
- LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
- Lipid profile
- MAPKs, mitogen-activated protein kinases
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- MMP, matrix metalloprotease
- NAD+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- NADH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced
- NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B
- NH4OH, ammonium hydroxide
- NO, nitric oxide
- NO2−, nitrite
- NO3−, nitrate
- NOAEL, no-observed-adverse-effect level
- Na2HPO4, disodium hydrogen phosphate
- NaH2PO4, sodium dihydrogen phosphate
- Naringin
- Nrf2, nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2
- O2HbFe2+, oxyhemoglobin
- O2•–, superoxide radical
- OONO−, peroxynitrite radical
- Oxidative stress
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PUFA, Polyunsaturated fatty acids
- R-Smad, Smad activated receptor
- RNS, reactive nitrogen species
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- TBA, 2-thiobarbituric acid
- TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β
- TLR, toll-like receptor
- TROOH, total hydroperoxide
- VLDL, very low density lipoprotein
- eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase
- i.p., intraperitoneally
- mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid
- metHb, methemoglobin
- α-SMA, alpha smooth muscle actin
- •NO, nitric oxide radical
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adio J. Akamo
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Dorcas I. Akinloye
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Regina N. Ugbaja
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwagbemiga O. Adeleye
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin A. Dosumu
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Ofem E. Eteng
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Moses C. Antiya
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Gogonte Amah
- Department of Biochemistry, Benjamin Carson (SRN) School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilisan, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafunke A. Ajayi
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Samuel O. Faseun
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang J, Chen L, Zhang L, Chen Q, Tan F, Zhao X. Effect of Lactobacillus fermentum HFY03 on the Antifatigue and Antioxidation Ability of Running Exhausted Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8013681. [PMID: 34621465 PMCID: PMC8492249 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8013681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Yak yogurt is mainly produced in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is a kind of naturally fermented dairy product. It contains abundant microorganisms. Lactobacillus fermentum (LF) HFY03 is a lactic acid bacteria derived from it. Our main research content is to study the influence of LF-HFY03 on the antifatigue and antioxidation ability of running exhausted mice. We gave different doses of LF-HFY03 to mice by gavage for 4 weeks. We selected vitamin C as the positive control group, mainly to study the relationship between antioxidant capacity and fatigue resistance and LF-HFY03 in mice with running exhaustion. The results showed that LF-HFY03 and vitamin C could significantly improve the running time of mice. And with the increase in LF-HFY03 concentration, the exhaustion time of mice was also extended. LF-HFY03 can reduce the content of urea nitrogen and lactic acid and also can increase the content of free fatty acids and liver glycogen. The levels of alanine aminotransferase, serum creatine kinase, and aspartate aminotransferase in mice decreased gradually as the antioxidant peptide level of walnut albumin increased. LF-HFY03 can reduce malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in a quantification-dependent manner and can also increase catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. LF-HFY03 can also increase the expressions of CAT mRNA, Cu/Zn-SOD, and Mn-SOD in the liver of mice. At the same time, LF-HFY03 can also increase the expression of protein of threonine transporter 1 (AST1)/alanine/cysteine/serine, mRNA, nNOS, and eNOS. At the same time, the solution could reduce the expression of TNF-α, syncytin-1, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The results showed that LF-HFY03 has a high development and application prospect as an antifatigue probiotic nutritional supplement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junxiao Zhang
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
- School of Teacher Development, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xindu District People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, 610500 Sichuan, China
| | - Lingyan Zhang
- School of Continuing Education, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Qiuping Chen
- Department of Education, Our Lady of Fatima University, Valenzuela 838, Philippines
| | - Fang Tan
- Department of Public Health, Our Lady of Fatima University, 838 Valenzuela, Philippines
| | - Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
- School of Teacher Development, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tanideh N, Badie A, Habibagahi R, Koohi-Hosseinabadi O, Haghnegahdar S, Andisheh-Tadbir A. Effect of Topical 2% Eucalyptus Extract on 5-FU-Induced Oral Mucositis in Male Golden Hamsters. Braz Dent J 2020; 31:310-318. [PMID: 32667525 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202003140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis is a common inflammatory complication among patients with cancer. This study evaluated the histopathological, stereological, and antioxidant markers of 2% eucalyptus extract in induced oral mucositis in male golden hamsters. In this animal study, oral mucositis was induced in 30 male golden hamsters by 5-FU (60 mg/kg) on days 0, 5, and 10 of the study. The cheek pouch was scratched with a sterile needle once daily on days 3 and 4. On days 14-17, 2% eucalyptus hydroalcoholic extract gel and Calendula officinalis extract gel groups were treated and then compared with a non-treated control group. The histopathological and stereological scores and the pouch content of malondialdehyde, as well as the activities of glutathione and myeloperoxidase in the pouch tissue, were evaluated. Histopathologic scores of oral mucositis were lower in the eucalyptus gel group than those of the calendula and control groups (p<0.05). Also, a lower malondialdehyde level and higher myeloperoxidase and glutathione activities were detected in the eucalyptus group in comparison to the calendula and control groups (p<0.001). The thickness of the mucosa and submucosa increased in the eucalyptus group. The numerical density of the fibroblast and the volume density of the collagen significantly increased in the eucalyptus group. In conclusion, the use of eucalyptus hydroalcoholic extract may be associated with reduced intensity of oral mucositis, diminished concentration of malondialdehyde, increased activity of myeloperoxidase and glutathione, increased volume of mucosa and submucosa, increased fibroblast and collagen in the induced oral mucositis in golden hamsters undergoing 5-FU consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Pharmacology Department, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Arash Badie
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Shiraz Dental School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Raha Habibagahi
- Orthodontic Research Center, school of dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Sara Haghnegahdar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azadeh Andisheh-Tadbir
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Veskoukis AS, Kerasioti E, Sidiropoulos K, Maragou I, Skaperda Z, Kouretas D. Nutritional habits and free grazing regimen of productive animals along with specific ingredients are influential factors for the antioxidant properties of milk: From farm to market. Biomed Rep 2020; 13:31-36. [PMID: 32440347 PMCID: PMC7238402 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk is a fundamental product of animal origin for human health and well-being. It possesses crucial biological properties, which depend on its composition and production methodology. To this end, one of the aims of the present study was to assess the impact of the nutritional and dwelling patterns of productive animals on the antioxidant potency of their generated milk. Thus, samples of sheep milk were collected for 30 consecutive days during the spring months from 5 different farms with different traits and its antioxidant activity was measured. Furthermore, this study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of 15 commercially available milk samples of different animal origin (i.e., cow and buffalo) and type (i.e., full-fat, light and chocolate) derived from 5 different companies. For all the experiments, the assay that examines the ability of the milk samples to reduce the DPPH• radical was used. It was thus found that the free-grazing regimen of the farm sheep dwelling at high altitude resulted in the production of milk with a greater antioxidant potential. On the other hand, it was also found that the samples of chocolate milk exhibited notably mote potent antioxidant activity than the full-fat and light samples, obviously due to the excessively high composition in antioxidant molecules present in cocoa. From this study that holistically examined the antioxidant properties of milk derived from three different productive animal species, it becomes evident that the nutritional and grazing practices, as well as specific ingredients (i.e., cocoa) lead to the generation of milk with high added biological value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aristidis S. Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthalia Kerasioti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Ilektra Maragou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Zoi Skaperda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kouka P, Tekos F, Papoutsaki Z, Stathopoulos P, Halabalaki M, Tsantarliotou M, Zervos I, Nepka C, Liesivuori J, Rakitskii VN, Tsatsakis A, Veskoukis AS, Kouretas D. Olive oil with high polyphenolic content induces both beneficial and harmful alterations on rat redox status depending on the tissue. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:421-432. [PMID: 32140426 PMCID: PMC7052070 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive oil (OO) possesses a predominant role in the diet of Mediterranean countries. According to a health claim approved by the European Food Safety Authority, OO protects against oxidative stress‑induced lipid peroxidation in human blood, when it contains at least 5 mg of hydroxytyrosol and its derivatives per 20 g. However, studies regarding the effects of a total OO biophenols on redox status in vivo are scarce and either observational and do not provide a holistic picture of their action in tissues. Following a series of in vitro screening tests an OO containing biophenols at 800 mg/kg of OO was administered for 14 days to male Wistar rats at a dose corresponding to 20 g OO/per day to humans. Our results showed that OO reinforced the antioxidant profile of blood, brain, muscle and small intestine, it induced oxidative stress in spleen, pancreas, liver and heart, whereas no distinct effects were observed in lung, colon and kidney. The seemingly negative effects of OO follow the recently formulated idea in toxicology, namely the real life exposure scenario. This study reports that OO, although considered a nutritional source rich in antioxidants, it exerts a tissues specific action when administered in vivo.
Collapse
Key Words
- Biophenols
- Blood
- CARB, protein carbonyls
- CAT, catalase
- GSH, glutathione
- HT, hydroxytyrosol
- OLEA, oleacein
- OLEO, oleocanthal
- OO, olive oil
- Olive oil
- Real life exposure scenario
- Redox status
- T, tyrosol
- TAC, total antioxidant capacity
- TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
- Tissues
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Kouka
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Fotios Tekos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Zoi Papoutsaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Stathopoulos
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Tsantarliotou
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Zervos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charitini Nepka
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Larissa, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Valerii N. Rakitskii
- Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, F.F. Erisman, 2, Semashko Street, Mytishchi, Moscow Region 141014, Russia
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Aristidis S. Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fountoucidou P, Veskoukis AS, Kerasioti E, Docea AO, Taitzoglou IA, Liesivuori J, Tsatsakis A, Kouretas D. A mixture of routinely encountered xenobiotics induces both redox adaptations and perturbations in blood and tissues of rats after a long-term low-dose exposure regimen: The time and dose issue. Toxicol Lett 2019; 317:24-44. [PMID: 31541690 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of humans to xenobiotic mixtures is a continuous state during their everyday routine. However, the majority of toxicological studies assess the in vivo effects of individual substances rather than mixtures. Therefore, our main objective was to evaluate the impact of the 12- and 18-month exposure of rats to a mixture containing 13 pesticides, food, and life-style additives in three dosage levels (i.e. 0.0025 × NOAEL, 0.01 × NOAEL, and 0.05 × NOAEL), on redox biomarkers in blood and tissues. Our results indicate that the exposure to the mixture induces physiological adaptations by enhancing the blood antioxidant mechanism (i.e., increased glutathione, catalase and total antioxidant capacity and decreased protein carbonyls and TBARS) at 12 months of exposure. On the contrary, exposure to the 0.05 × NOAEL dose for 18 months induces significant perturbations in blood and tissue redox profile (i.e., increased carbonyls and TBARS). This study simulates a scenario of real-life risk exposure to mixtures of xenobiotics through a long-term low-dose administration regimen in rats. The results obtained could support, at least in part, the necessity of introducing testing of combined stimuli at reference doses and long term for the evaluation of the risk from exposure to chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Polyxeni Fountoucidou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis S Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthalia Kerasioti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania
| | - Ioannis A Taitzoglou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Olas B, Bryś M. Effects of coffee, energy drinks and their components on hemostasis: The hypothetical mechanisms of their action. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 127:31-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|