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Montalbán-Rodríguez A, Abalo R, López-Gómez L. From the Gut to the Brain: The Role of Enteric Glial Cells and Their Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1294. [PMID: 38279293 PMCID: PMC10816228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The brain-gut axis has been identified as an important contributor to the physiopathology of Parkinson's disease. In this pathology, inflammation is thought to be driven by the damage caused by aggregation of α-synuclein in the brain. Interestingly, the Braak's theory proposes that α-synuclein misfolding may originate in the gut and spread in a "prion-like" manner through the vagus nerve into the central nervous system. In the enteric nervous system, enteric glial cells are the most abundant cellular component. Several studies have evaluated their role in Parkinson's disease. Using samples obtained from patients, cell cultures, or animal models, the studies with specific antibodies to label enteric glial cells (GFAP, Sox-10, and S100β) seem to indicate that activation and reactive gliosis are associated to the neurodegeneration produced by Parkinson's disease in the enteric nervous system. Of interest, Toll-like receptors, which are expressed on enteric glial cells, participate in the triggering of immune/inflammatory responses, in the maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity and in the configuration of gut microbiota; thus, these receptors might contribute to Parkinson's disease. External factors like stress also seem to be relevant in its pathogenesis. Some authors have studied ways to reverse changes in EGCs with interventions such as administration of Tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase inhibitors, nutraceuticals, or physical exercise. Some researchers point out that beyond being activated during the disease, enteric glial cells may contribute to the development of synucleinopathies. Thus, it is still necessary to further study these cells and their role in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Montalbán-Rodríguez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcon, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcon, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated R+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Pain and Analgesia, Spanish Pain Society, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Cannabinoids, Spanish Pain Society, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura López-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcon, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
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López-Tofiño Y, de Sosa F, Vera G, López-Gómez L, Herradón E, López-Miranda V, Nurgali K, Uranga JA, Abalo R. Effects of vincristine and monosodium glutamate on gastrointestinal motility and visceral sensitivity. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024; 36:e14704. [PMID: 37964110 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-induced adverse effects are an unresolved nightmare. In preclinical studies in rats, the food additive monosodium glutamate (MSG) improved some of the side effects caused by cisplatin, but its effects in other models of chemotherapy-treated animals are not well known. The aim of this study was to test if MSG may improve some of the adverse effects induced by vincristine in rats. METHODS Young male Wistar rats were exposed or not to MSG (4 g L-1 ) in drinking water from week 0 till 1 week after treatment (week 3). Rats received two cycles of five daily intraperitoneal (ip) injections (Monday to Friday, weeks 1 and 2) of either saline (2 mL kg-1 ) or vincristine (0.1 mg kg-1 ). Gastrointestinal motility was measured in vivo by radiological methods after the first and tenth ip administrations. On week 3, the threshold for mechanical somatic and colorectal sensitivity was recorded using Von Frey filaments applied to the paws and an intracolonic balloon, respectively. Finally, samples of the terminal ileum and distal colon were histologically evaluated in sections. KEY RESULTS Vincristine reduced body weight gain, food intake, and upper gastrointestinal transit, caused somatic (but not visceral) hypersensitivity and increased the thickness of the submucosal and muscle layers of the small intestine. In vincristine-treated animals, MSG partially prevented gastrointestinal dysmotility and reduced visceral sensitivity but did not improve structural alterations of the small intestine. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES MSG could be used as an adjuvant to conventional treatments to improve some gastrointestinal dysfunctions caused by chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda López-Tofiño
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
| | | | - Gema Vera
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura López-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Esperanza Herradón
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Visitación López-Miranda
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - José A Uranga
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Pain and Analgesia of the Spanish Pain Society, Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Cannabinoids of the Spanish Pain Society, Madrid, Spain
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Gallego-Barceló P, Bagues A, Benítez-Álvarez D, López-Tofiño Y, Gálvez-Robleño C, López-Gómez L, del Castillo MD, Abalo R. Evaluation of the Effects of Instant Cascara Beverage on the Brain-Gut Axis of Healthy Male and Female Rats. Nutrients 2023; 16:65. [PMID: 38201895 PMCID: PMC10780800 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Instant cascara (IC) is a sustainable beverage obtained from dried coffee cherry pulp, rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds. The present research aimed to determine the effects of IC on general health and brain-gut axis parameters of healthy female and male rats. Wistar rats were exposed to IC (10 mg/mL) in their drinking water for 3 weeks. Body weight and solid and liquid intakes were monitored as indicators of food safety. Gastrointestinal transit was radiographically evaluated one day (acute) and 3 weeks (chronic) after the start of IC exposure. Locomotor activity, anxiety, and anhedonia of the animals after 3 weeks of treatment was also studied. Overall, compared to water-exposed animals, IC significantly increased food intake in males (p < 0.0001) and liquid intake in females (p < 0.05) without changes in body weight in either case. IC did not significantly modify gastrointestinal motility parameters after its acute or repeated intake and did not cause any significant behavioral alterations in males or females (p > 0.05). In conclusion, repeated intake of IC at the studied concentration did not negatively affect brain-gut axis functions of healthy male and female rats. Anxiety behavior, diarrhea, constipation, abnormal weight modifications, or other typical effects of toxicity were not observed in animals treated with the new powdered beverage, suggesting its food safety under the studied conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Gallego-Barceló
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (P.G.-B.); (D.B.-Á.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.G.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Ana Bagues
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (P.G.-B.); (D.B.-Á.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.G.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- Associated R+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - David Benítez-Álvarez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (P.G.-B.); (D.B.-Á.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.G.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Yolanda López-Tofiño
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (P.G.-B.); (D.B.-Á.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.G.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Carlos Gálvez-Robleño
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (P.G.-B.); (D.B.-Á.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.G.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Laura López-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (P.G.-B.); (D.B.-Á.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.G.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - María Dolores del Castillo
- Food Bioscience Group, Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentacion (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Calle Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (P.G.-B.); (D.B.-Á.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.G.-R.); (L.L.-G.)
- Associated R+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Pain and Analgesia of the Spanish Pain Society (Grupo de Trabajo de Ciencias Básicas en Dolor y Analgesia de la Sociedad Española del Dolor), 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Cannabinoids of the Spanish Pain Society (Grupo de Trabajo de Cannabinoides de la Sociedad Española del Dolor), 28046 Madrid, Spain
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López-Gómez L, Alcorta A, Abalo R. Probiotics and Probiotic-like Agents against Chemotherapy-Induced Intestinal Mucositis: A Narrative Review. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1487. [PMID: 37888098 PMCID: PMC10607965 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy has allowed many patients to survive, but not without risks derived from its adverse effects. Drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, methotrexate, and others, as well as different drug combinations trigger intestinal mucositis that may cause or contribute to anorexia, pain, diarrhea, weight loss, systemic infections, and even death. Dysbiosis is a hallmark of chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis and diarrhea, and, therefore, strategies aimed at modulating intestinal microbiota may be useful to counteract and prevent those dreadful effects. This narrative review offers an overview of the studies performed to test the efficacy of probiotics and probiotic-like agents against chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis and its consequences. Microbiota modulation through the oral administration of different probiotics (mainly strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium), probiotic mixtures, synbiotics, postbiotics, and paraprobiotics has been tested in different animal models and in some clinical trials. Regulation of dysbiosis, modulation of epithelial barrier permeability, anti-inflammatory effects, modulation of host immune response, reduction of oxidative stress, or prevention of apoptosis are the main mechanisms involved in their beneficial effects. However, the findings are limited by the great heterogeneity of the preclinical studies and the relative lack of studies in immunocompromised animals, as well as the scarce availability of results from clinical trials. Despite this, the results accumulated so far are promising. Hopefully, with the aid of these agents, intestinal mucositis will be less impactful to the cancer patient in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura López-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.L.-G.); (A.A.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Alexandra Alcorta
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.L.-G.); (A.A.)
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.L.-G.); (A.A.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Pain and Analgesia of the Spanish Pain Society, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Cannabinoids of the Spanish Pain Society, 28046 Madrid, Spain
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Castro M, Valero MS, López-Tofiño Y, López-Gómez L, Girón R, Martín-Fontelles MI, Uranga JA, Abalo R. Radiographic and histopathological study of gastrointestinal dysmotility in lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis in the rat. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 35:e14639. [PMID: 37417393 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a highly incident condition in which a cascade of proinflammatory cytokines is involved. One of its most frequent consequences is ileus, which can increase mortality. Animal models such as that induced by systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are useful to deeply evaluate this condition. The effects of sepsis on the gastrointestinal (GI) tract have been explored but, to our knowledge, in vivo studies showing the motor and histopathological consequences of endotoxemia in an integrated way are lacking. Our aim was to study in rats the effects of sepsis on GI motility, using radiographic methods, and to assess histological damage in several organs. METHODS Male rats were intraperitoneally injected with saline or E. coli LPS at 0.1, 1, or 5 mg kg-1 . Barium sulfate was intragastrically administered, and X-rays were performed 0-24 h afterwards. Several organs were collected for organography, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry studies. KEY RESULTS All LPS doses caused gastroparesia, whereas changes in intestinal motility were dose-and time-dependent, with an initial phase of hypermotility followed by paralytic ileus. Lung, liver, stomach, ileum, and colon (but not spleen or kidneys) were damaged, and density of neutrophils and activated M2 macrophages and expression of cyclooxygenase 2 were increased in the colon 24 h after LPS 5 mg kg-1 . CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES Using radiographic, noninvasive methods for the first time, we show that systemic LPS causes dose-, time-, and organ-dependent GI motor effects. Sepsis-induced GI dysmotility is a complex condition whose management needs to take its time-dependent changes into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Castro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Fisiología y Medicina Legal y Forense, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marta Sofía Valero
- Departamento de Farmacología, Fisiología y Medicina Legal y Forense, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Yolanda López-Tofiño
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- High-Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Laura López-Gómez
- High-Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- Área de Histología Humana y Anatomía Patológica, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Rocío Girón
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- High-Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM-URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Isabel Martín-Fontelles
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Trabajo de Ciencias Básicas en Dolor y Analgesia de la Sociedad Española del Dolor, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Uranga
- High-Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- Área de Histología Humana y Anatomía Patológica, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- High-Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
- Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Trabajo de Ciencias Básicas en Dolor y Analgesia de la Sociedad Española del Dolor, Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Trabajo de Cannabinoides de la Sociedad Española del Dolor, Madrid, Spain
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Vera G, López-Gómez L, Girón R, Martín-Fontelles MI, Nurgali K, Abalo R, Uranga JA. Effect of the Cannabinoid Agonist WIN 55,212-2 on Neuropathic and Visceral Pain Induced by a Non-Diarrheagenic Dose of the Antitumoral Drug 5-Fluorouracil in the Rat. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14430. [PMID: 37833878 PMCID: PMC10572311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is an antineoplastic drug used to treat colorectal cancer, but it causes, among other adverse effects, diarrhea and mucositis, as well as enteric neuropathy, as shown in experimental animals. It might also cause neuropathic pain and alterations in visceral sensitivity, but this has not been studied in either patients or experimental animals. Cannabinoids have antimotility and analgesic effects and may alleviate 5-FU-induced adverse effects. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of the cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212-2 on neuropathic and visceral pain induced by a non-diarrheagenic dose of 5-FU. Male Wistar rats received a dose of 5-FU (150 mg/kg, ip) and gastrointestinal motility, colonic sensitivity, gut wall structure and tactile sensitivity were evaluated. WIN 55,212-2 (WIN) was administered to evaluate its effect on somatic (50-100 µg ipl; 1 mg/kg, ip) and visceral (1 mg/kg, ip) sensitivity. The cannabinoid tetrad was used to assess the central effects of WIN (1 mg/kg, ip). 5-FU decreased food intake and body weight gain, produced mucositis and thermal hyperalgesia, but these effects were reduced afterwards, and were not accompanied by diarrhea. Tactile mechanical allodynia was also evident and persisted for 15 days. Interestingly, it was alleviated by WIN. 5-FU tended to increase colonic sensitivity whereas WIN reduced the abdominal contractions induced by increasing intracolonic pressure in both control and 5-FU-treated animals. Importantly, the alleviating effects of WIN against those induced by 5-FU were not accompanied by any effect in the cannabinoid tetrad. The activation of the peripheral cannabinoid system may be useful to alleviate neuropathic and visceral pain associated with antitumoral treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Vera
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (G.V.); (L.L.-G.); (R.G.); (M.I.M.-F.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura López-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (G.V.); (L.L.-G.); (R.G.); (M.I.M.-F.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Rocío Girón
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (G.V.); (L.L.-G.); (R.G.); (M.I.M.-F.); (J.A.U.)
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- High-Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - María Isabel Martín-Fontelles
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (G.V.); (L.L.-G.); (R.G.); (M.I.M.-F.); (J.A.U.)
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- High-Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Institute for Health and Sport, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia;
- Department of Medicine Western Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Program, Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (G.V.); (L.L.-G.); (R.G.); (M.I.M.-F.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Pain and Analgesia of the Spanish Pain Society, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Cannabinoids of the Spanish Pain Society, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Uranga
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (G.V.); (L.L.-G.); (R.G.); (M.I.M.-F.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
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Gálvez-Robleño C, López-Tofiño Y, López-Gómez L, Bagüés A, Soto-Montenegro ML, Abalo R. Radiographic assessment of the impact of sex and the circadian rhythm-dependent behaviour on gastrointestinal transit in the rat. Lab Anim 2022:236772221124381. [DOI: 10.1177/00236772221124381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Relatively little is known about the influence of sex and the circadian rhythm on gastrointestinal transit. However, these factors could have an important impact on aspects such as digestion, oral absorption of drugs or the clinical manifestation of gastrointestinal diseases, among others. Remarkably, preclinical models have scarcely taken these factors into consideration. In this study, we assessed the gastrointestinal transit of young adult Wistar Han rats of both sexes, under normal and inverted light cycle. To do this, serial radiographs were taken for 24 h (T0–T24) after intragastric barium administration and subsequently analysed to construct transit curves for each gastrointestinal region. Under a normal light cycle, transit curves were similar, except for a slower transit in females compared with males from T8 to T24. Under the inverted cycle, there was a significant acceleration in stomach emptying (similar in both sexes), emptying of the small intestine (even faster in females) and filling of the caecum and colon (which was also even faster in females). This study confirms, using X-ray non-invasive methods for the first time, that both sex and circadian rhythm (probably through its effect on behaviour) influence gastrointestinal transit in laboratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gálvez-Robleño
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Spain
| | - Yolanda López-Tofiño
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Spain
| | - Laura López-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Spain
| | - Ana Bagüés
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Spain
- Unidad Asociada I+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica, IQM (CSIC), Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Spain
| | - María Luisa Soto-Montenegro
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Spain
- CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Spain
- Unidad Asociada I+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica, IQM (CSIC), Spain
- Grupo de Trabajo de Ciencias Básicas en Dolor y Analgesia de la Sociedad Española del Dolor, Spain
- Grupo de Trabajo de Cannabinoides de la Sociedad Española del Dolor, Spain
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8
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Carrillo-Aleman L, Carrasco-Gónzalez E, Araújo MJ, Guia M, Alonso-Fernández N, Renedo-Villarroya A, López-Gómez L, Higon-Cañigral A, Sanchez-Nieto JM, Carrillo-Alcaraz A. Is hypocapnia a risk factor for non-invasive ventilation failure in cardiogenic acute pulmonary edema? J Crit Care 2022; 69:153991. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2022.153991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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López-Gómez L, Antón J, López-Tofiño Y, Pomana B, Uranga JA, Abalo R. Effects of Commercial Probiotics on Colonic Sensitivity after Acute Mucosal Irritation. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19116485. [PMID: 35682075 PMCID: PMC9180892 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal pathologies associated with abdominal pain, such as irritable bowel syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease, lack sufficiently effective treatments. In our study we have used a rat model of visceral pain (72 animals; n = 8–13 per experimental group) to analyze the consequences of intracolonic administration of the irritant acetic acid on visceral sensitivity, histology of the colonic wall, and inflammatory response. Moreover, we have studied the possible beneficial effects of a pretreatment with a commercial probiotic (Actimel®). Contrary to expectations, acetic acid application (7 cm proximal to the anus) decreased the nociceptive response to intracolonic mechanical stimulation, with a slight increase in the histological damage of colonic mucosa. The intensity of these changes depended on the concentration (4% or 0.6%) and the time of application (30 or 60 min). Pretreatment with probiotics (by daily gavage, for 1 week) normalized the values obtained in the visceral sensitivity test but revealed an increase in the number of macrophages. These results suggest a possible activation of inhibitory mechanisms early after colonic irritation, not previously described (which need further experimental confirmation), and the ability of probiotics to normalize the effects of acetic acid. In addition, pretreatment with probiotics has a direct effect on immune functions, stimulating macrophagic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura López-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.L.-G.); (J.A.); (Y.L.-T.); (B.P.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Jaime Antón
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.L.-G.); (J.A.); (Y.L.-T.); (B.P.)
| | - Yolanda López-Tofiño
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.L.-G.); (J.A.); (Y.L.-T.); (B.P.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Bianca Pomana
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.L.-G.); (J.A.); (Y.L.-T.); (B.P.)
| | - José A. Uranga
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.L.-G.); (J.A.); (Y.L.-T.); (B.P.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.A.U.); (R.A.)
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (L.L.-G.); (J.A.); (Y.L.-T.); (B.P.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences in Pain and Analgesia of the Spanish Society of Pain, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.A.U.); (R.A.)
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10
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Szymaszkiewicz A, López-Gómez L, Zielińska M, Abalo R. Nutraceuticals and peripheral glial cells: a possible link? J Integr Neurosci 2022; 21:1. [DOI: 10.31083/j.jin2101001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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11
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Jacenik D, Bagüés A, López-Gómez L, López-Tofiño Y, Iriondo-DeHond A, Serra C, Banovcanová L, Gálvez-Robleño C, Fichna J, del Castillo MD, Uranga JA, Abalo R. Changes in Fatty Acid Dietary Profile Affect the Brain-Gut Axis Functions of Healthy Young Adult Rats in a Sex-Dependent Manner. Nutrients 2021; 13:1864. [PMID: 34070787 PMCID: PMC8228732 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary modifications, including those affecting dietary fat and its fatty acid (FA) composition, may be involved in the development of brain-gut axis disorders, with different manifestations in males and females. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of three purified diets with different FA composition on the brain-gut axis in rats of both sexes. Male and female Wistar rats fed a cereal-based standard diet from weaning were used. At young adult age (2-3 months old), animals were divided into three groups and treated each with a different refined diet for 6 weeks: a control group fed on AIN-93G diet containing 7% soy oil (SOY), and two groups fed on AIN-93G modified diets with 3.5% soy oil replaced by 3.5% coconut oil (COCO) or 3.5% evening primrose oil (EP). Different brain-gut axis parameters were evaluated during 4-6 weeks of dietary intervention. Compared with SOY diet (14% saturated FAs, and 58% polyunsaturated FAs), COCO diet (52.2% saturated FAs and 30% polyunsaturated FAs) produced no changes in brain functions and minor gastrointestinal modifications, whereas EP diet (11.1% saturated FAs and 70.56% polyunsaturated FAs) tended to decrease self-care behavior and colonic propulsion in males, and significantly increased exploratory behavior, accelerated gastrointestinal transit, and decreased cecum and fecal pellet density in females. Changes in FA composition, particularly an increase in ω-6 polyunsaturated FAs, seem to facilitate the development of brain-gut axis alterations in a sex-dependent manner, with a relatively higher risk in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Jacenik
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ana Bagüés
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM-URJC), URJC, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura López-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), URJC, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Yolanda López-Tofiño
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), URJC, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Amaia Iriondo-DeHond
- Food Bioscience Group, Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Calle Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.I.-D.); (M.D.d.C.)
| | - Cristina Serra
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
| | - Laura Banovcanová
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
| | - Carlos Gálvez-Robleño
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), URJC, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Maria Dolores del Castillo
- Food Bioscience Group, Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Calle Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (A.I.-D.); (M.D.d.C.)
| | - José Antonio Uranga
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), URJC, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (A.B.); (L.L.-G.); (Y.L.-T.); (C.S.); (L.B.); (C.G.-R.); (J.A.U.)
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), URJC, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences in Pain and Analgesia of the Spanish Pain Society (Grupo de Trabajo de Ciencias Básicas en Dolor y Analgesia de la Sociedad Española del Dolor), 28046 Madrid, Spain
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12
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López-Tofiño Y, Vera G, López-Gómez L, Girón R, Nurgali K, Uranga JA, Abalo R. Effects of the food additive monosodium glutamate on cisplatin-induced gastrointestinal dysmotility and peripheral neuropathy in the rat. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021; 33:e14020. [PMID: 33112027 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin is an antineoplastic drug known to produce intense vomiting, gastric dysmotility, and peripheral neuropathy. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a flavor enhancer with prokinetic properties potentially useful for cancer patients under chemotherapy. Our aim was to test whether MSG may improve gastrointestinal motor dysfunction and other adverse effects induced by repeated cisplatin in rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats were exposed or not to MSG (4 g L-1 ) in drinking water from week 0 to 1 week after treatment. On the first day of weeks 1-5, rats were treated with saline or cisplatin (2 mg kg-1 week-1 , ip). Gastrointestinal motility was measured by radiological methods after first and fifth administrations, as well as 1 week after treatment finalization. One week after treatment, the threshold for mechanical somatic sensitivity was recorded. Finally, samples of stomach, terminal ileum and kidneys were evaluated in sections using conventional histology. The myenteric plexus was immunohistochemically evaluated on distal colon whole-mount preparations. KEY RESULTS Monosodium glutamate prevented the development of cisplatin-induced neuropathy and partially improved intestinal transit after the fifth cisplatin administration with little impact on gastric dysmotility. MSG did not improve the histological damage of gut wall, but prevented the changes induced by cisplatin in the colonic myenteric plexus. CONCLUSION AND INFERENCES Our results suggest that MSG can improve some dysfunctions caused by anticancer chemotherapy in the gut and other systems, associated, at least partially, with neuroprotectant effects. The potentially useful adjuvant role of this food additive to reduce chemotherapy-induced sequelae warrants further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda López-Tofiño
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.,High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Gema Vera
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.,High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.,Unidad Asociada aI+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica, IQM (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura López-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.,High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Rocío Girón
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.,Unidad Asociada aI+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica, IQM (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Medicine Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Jose A Uranga
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.,High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.,High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.,Unidad Asociada aI+D+i al Instituto de Química Médica, IQM (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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13
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López-Gómez L, Díaz-Ruano S, Girón R, López-Pérez AE, Vera G, Herradón Pliego E, López-Miranda V, Nurgali K, Martín-Fontelles MI, Uranga JA, Abalo R. Preclinical evaluation of the effects on the gastrointestinal tract of the antineoplastic drug vincristine repeatedly administered to rats. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13399. [PMID: 29971865 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vincristine is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent. It is associated with undesirable digestive side effects. However, the impact of vincristine on gastrointestinal structure and motility or its long-term effects have not been deeply studied in animal models. This could be useful in order to develop therapeutic or preventive strategies for cancer patients. The aim of this study was to analyze such effects. METHODS Rats received saline or vincristine (0.1 mg kg-1 , ip) daily for 10 days. Evaluations were performed during treatment and 2-6 weeks after. Somatic mechano-sensitivity was assessed using von Frey hairs. Gastrointestinal motor function was studied by means of radiographic still images and colonic propulsion of fecal pellets using fluoroscopy videos. Histological assessment of the gut morphology and immunohistochemistry for HuC/D and nNOS were performed in whole-mount myenteric plexus preparations. KEY RESULTS Peripheral sensitivity was increased in animals treated with vincristine and did not subside 2 weeks after treatment finalization. Vincristine treatment inhibited gastrointestinal motility although this was recovered to normal values with time. Damage in the digestive wall after vincristine treatment was greater in the ileum than in the colon. Villi shortening (in ileum) and large inflammatory nodules still remained 2 weeks after treatment finalization. Finally, the proportion of nNOS-immunoreactive neurons was increased with vincristine and continued to be increased 2 weeks after treatment finalization. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES Vincristine alters gastrointestinal motility, peripheral sensitivity and mucosal architecture. Vincristine-induced neuropathy (somatic and enteric), intestinal mucosa damage and inflammatory infiltrations are relatively long-lasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- L López-Gómez
- Área de Histología Humana y Anatomía Patológica, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - S Díaz-Ruano
- Unidad del Dolor, Servicio de Anestesia, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Girón
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Excelencia Investigadora URJC-Banco de Santander-Grupo multidisciplinar de investigación y tratamiento del dolor (i+DOL), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - A E López-Pérez
- Unidad del Dolor, Servicio de Anestesia, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Excelencia Investigadora URJC-Banco de Santander-Grupo multidisciplinar de investigación y tratamiento del dolor (i+DOL), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - G Vera
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Excelencia Investigadora URJC-Banco de Santander-Grupo multidisciplinar de investigación y tratamiento del dolor (i+DOL), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - E Herradón Pliego
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Excelencia Investigadora URJC-Banco de Santander-Grupo multidisciplinar de investigación y tratamiento del dolor (i+DOL), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - V López-Miranda
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Excelencia Investigadora URJC-Banco de Santander-Grupo multidisciplinar de investigación y tratamiento del dolor (i+DOL), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - K Nurgali
- Institute for Health and Sport, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine Western Health, Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Program, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M I Martín-Fontelles
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Excelencia Investigadora URJC-Banco de Santander-Grupo multidisciplinar de investigación y tratamiento del dolor (i+DOL), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - J A Uranga
- Área de Histología Humana y Anatomía Patológica, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Excelencia Investigadora URJC-Banco de Santander-Grupo multidisciplinar de investigación y tratamiento del dolor (i+DOL), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - R Abalo
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Excelencia Investigadora URJC-Banco de Santander-Grupo multidisciplinar de investigación y tratamiento del dolor (i+DOL), Alcorcón, Spain
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14
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Jadraque M, Monforte A, Nuñez MT, López-Gómez L, Martín M, Serrano F. Minimally invasive automated de-epithelization by precise ArF excimer laser ablation. Photomed Laser Surg 2010; 29:75-81. [PMID: 20969437 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2010.2769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Development of a robotic ArF excimer laser device with a three-dimensional (3D) pattern scanning sensor for the controlled de-epithelization of live mouse and xenografted epidermis. SIGNIFICANCE The animal model could be adapted to humans for automated, minimally invasive de-epithelization of cutaneous areas and therefore is of interest for cutaneous gene therapy research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ablation thresholds of mouse, porcine, and human skin were measured by acoustic detection methods. These ablation thresholds were used as initial parameters for dosimetry measurements. De-epithelization of live mouse and xenografted epidermis was performed by laser ablation (ArF excimer laser, λ = 193 nm, t(p) = 20 nsec). The rectangular shape of the laser spot and a robotic arm displacement incorporating a three-dimensional patter scanning sensor allowed a polygonal tile floor irradiation of a 2-cm-diameter area. Ablated epidermis was subjected to histology. RESULTS SCID and nude mouse skin did not entirely reflect the de-epithelization of human skin because abundant pockets of dermal keratinocytes persist in the outer root sheath of hair and cysts providing competitive foci of re-epithelization. Automated de-epithelization of human and porcine skin xenografts resulted in precise removal of keratinocytes with subcellular precision, providing a smooth live surface where epidermal transplants might engraft with little endogenous competition from residual outer root sheath from rare hairs. CONCLUSIONS The displacement of the ArF excimer laser devices allows reproducible, smooth, and damage-free ablation of epidermal areas in the animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jadraque
- Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Feliu J, Borrega P, León A, López-Gómez L, López M, Castro J, Belda-Iniesta C, Barriuso J, Martínez V, González-Barón M. Phase II study of a fixed dose-rate infusion of gemcitabine associated with erlotinib in advanced pancreatic cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2010; 67:215-21. [PMID: 20927525 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-010-1472-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility, toxicity and efficacy of the combination regimen consisting of gemcitabine-FDR infusion plus erlotinib, in ACP patients. METHODS Forty-two patients with histologically confirmed, locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer were included in this phase II trial. Main objectives were to assess the efficacy and safety of this regimen. Therapeutic regimen consisted of gemcitabine 1,200 mg/m(2) in 120-min infusion on days 1, 8 and 15, plus erlotinib 100 mg orally once daily. Cycles were repeated every 28 days. RESULTS A total of 160 courses of gemcitabine-FDR erlotinib were administered (median 3.8 courses per patient). The most common grade 3-4 AEs were neutropenia (21%), thrombocytopenia (10%), skin rash (10%) and asthenia (10%). Complete response was achieved in one patient (2%) and 11 (26%) achieved a partial response. Stable disease and progression disease were observed in 11 patients (26%) and 19 (45%), respectively. Median time to progression was 5 months (95%CI: 3.9-5.8 months) and median overall survival was 8 months (95% CI: 5.1-10.8). One-year survival rate was 35%. CONCLUSIONS A regimen consisting of gemcitabine-FDR infusion plus erlotinib is active and well tolerated in APC patients. However, the results do not justify the conduct of a Phase III trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Feliu
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IDIPAZ, Pº de Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Feliu J, Castañón C, Salud A, Mel JR, Escudero P, Pelegrín A, López-Gómez L, Ruiz M, González E, Juárez F, Lizón J, Castro J, González-Barón M. Phase II randomised trial of raltitrexed-oxaliplatin vs raltitrexed-irinotecan as first-line treatment in advanced colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2006; 93:1230-5. [PMID: 16265344 PMCID: PMC2361515 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this phase II randomised trial was to determine which of two schemes, raltitrexed-irinotecan or raltitrexed-oxaliplatin, offered better activity and less toxicity in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). A total of 94 patients with previously untreated metastatic CRC were included and randomised to receive raltitrexed 3 mg m−2 followed by oxaliplatin 130 mg m−2 on day 1 (arm A), or CPT-11 350 mg m−2 followed by raltitrexed 3 mg m−2 (arm B). In both arms treatment was repeated every 3 weeks. Intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis showed an overall response rate of 46% (95% CI, 29.5–57.7%) for arm A, and 34% (95% CI, 19.8–48.4%) for arm B. Median time to progression was 8.2 months for arm A and 8.8 months for arm B. After a median follow-up of 14 months, 69% of patients included in arm A were still alive, compared to 59% of those included in arm B. Overall, 31 patients (65%) experienced some episode of toxicity in arm A and 32 patients (70%) in arm B, usually grade 1–2. The most common toxicity was hepatic, with 29 patients (60%) in arm A and 24 patients (62%) in arm B, and was grade 3–4 in four (8%) and four (9%) patients, respectively. In all, 14 patients (29%) from arm A and 24 patients (52%) from arm B had some grade of diarrhoea (P<0.03). Neurologic toxicity was observed in 31 patients (64%) in arm A, and was grade 3–4 in five patients (10%), while a cholinergic syndrome was detected in nine patients (19%) in arm B. There were no differences in haematologic toxicity. One toxic death (2%) occurred in arm A and three (6.5%) in arm B. In conclusion, both schemes have high efficacy as first-line treatment in metastatic CRC and their total toxicity levels are similar. Regimens with raltitrexed seem a reasonable alternative to fluoropyrimidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Feliu
- Service of Medical Oncology, La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046, Spain.
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Salud A, Escudero P, Feliú J, López-Gómez L, Bolaños M, Galán A, Yubero A, Vicent JM, Losa F, González Barón M. XELOX (capecitabine and oxaliplatin) as 1 st line treatment for elderly patients (pts) with advanced/metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC). J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.3620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Salud
- Hosp Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain; Hosp Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hosp La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hosp Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hosp San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hosp de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hosp Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hosp Gen Univ de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hosp de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P. Escudero
- Hosp Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain; Hosp Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hosp La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hosp Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hosp San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hosp de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hosp Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hosp Gen Univ de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hosp de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Feliú
- Hosp Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain; Hosp Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hosp La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hosp Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hosp San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hosp de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hosp Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hosp Gen Univ de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hosp de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L. López-Gómez
- Hosp Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain; Hosp Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hosp La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hosp Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hosp San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hosp de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hosp Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hosp Gen Univ de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hosp de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Bolaños
- Hosp Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain; Hosp Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hosp La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hosp Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hosp San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hosp de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hosp Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hosp Gen Univ de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hosp de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Galán
- Hosp Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain; Hosp Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hosp La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hosp Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hosp San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hosp de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hosp Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hosp Gen Univ de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hosp de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Yubero
- Hosp Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain; Hosp Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hosp La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hosp Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hosp San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hosp de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hosp Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hosp Gen Univ de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hosp de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. M. Vicent
- Hosp Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain; Hosp Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hosp La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hosp Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hosp San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hosp de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hosp Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hosp Gen Univ de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hosp de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F. Losa
- Hosp Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain; Hosp Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hosp La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hosp Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hosp San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hosp de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hosp Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hosp Gen Univ de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hosp de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. González Barón
- Hosp Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain; Hosp Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hosp La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hosp Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hosp San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hosp de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hosp Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hosp Gen Univ de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hosp de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
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López-Gómez L, Escudero P, Yubero A, Feliú J, Salud A, Galán A, Bolaños M, Vicent JM, Losa F, González-Barón M. XELOX (capecitabine and oxaliplatin) as 1st line treatment for elderly patients (pts) with advanced/metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC). J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.3688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L. López-Gómez
- Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hospital Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hospital Arnau de Villanova, Lleida, Spain; Hospital de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hospital de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P. Escudero
- Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hospital Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hospital Arnau de Villanova, Lleida, Spain; Hospital de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hospital de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Yubero
- Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hospital Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hospital Arnau de Villanova, Lleida, Spain; Hospital de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hospital de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Feliú
- Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hospital Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hospital Arnau de Villanova, Lleida, Spain; Hospital de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hospital de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Salud
- Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hospital Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hospital Arnau de Villanova, Lleida, Spain; Hospital de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hospital de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Galán
- Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hospital Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hospital Arnau de Villanova, Lleida, Spain; Hospital de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hospital de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Bolaños
- Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hospital Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hospital Arnau de Villanova, Lleida, Spain; Hospital de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hospital de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. M. Vicent
- Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hospital Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hospital Arnau de Villanova, Lleida, Spain; Hospital de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hospital de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F. Losa
- Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hospital Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hospital Arnau de Villanova, Lleida, Spain; Hospital de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hospital de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. González-Barón
- Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain; Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Hospital Obispo Polanco, Teruel, Spain; Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain; Hospital Arnau de Villanova, Lleida, Spain; Hospital de Sagunto, Valencia, Spain; Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Hospital de la Creu Roja, Barcelona, Spain
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Feliu J, Salud A, Escudero P, López-Gómez L, Pericay C, Castañón C, de Tejada MRL, Rodríguez-García JM, Martínez MP, Martín MS, Sánchez JJ, Barón MG. Irinotecan plus raltitrexed as first-line treatment in advanced colorectal cancer: a phase II study. Br J Cancer 2004; 90:1502-7. [PMID: 15083176 PMCID: PMC2409728 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of irinotecan (CPT-11) in combination with raltitrexed as first-line treatment of advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). A total of 91 previously untreated patients with advanced CRC and measurable disease were enrolled in this phase II study. The median age was 62 years (range 31–77); male/female 54/37; ECOG performance status was 0 in 50 patients (55%), one in 39 (43%) and two in two (2%). Treatment consisted of CPT-11 350 mg m−2 in a 30-min intravenous infusion on day 1, followed after 30 min by a 15-min infusion of raltitrexed 3 mg m−2. Measurements of efficacy included the following: response rate, time to disease progression and overall survival. Of the 83 evaluable patients valuable to objective response, there were five complete responses (6%) and 23 partial responses (28%), for an overall response rate of 34% (95% CI: 25.9–46.5%). In all, 36 patients (43%) had stable disease, whereas 19 (23%) had a progression. The median time to progression was 11.1 months and the median overall survival was 15.6 months. A total of 487 cycles of chemotherapy were delivered with a median of five per patient. Grade 3–4 WHO toxicities were as follows: diarrhoea in 13 patients (15%), nausea/vomiting in four (4%), transaminase increase in six (7%), stomatitis in two (2%), febrile neutropenia in three (3%), anaemia in five (6%) and asthenia in three (3%). The combination CPT-11–raltitrexed is an effective, well-tolerated and convenient regimen as front-line treatment of advanced CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Feliu
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital La Paz, P de la Castellana, 261-28046 Madrid, Spain.
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Feliu J, Escudero P, Losa F, Bolaños M, Vicent J, Yubero A, Sanz-Lacalle J, López R, López-Gómez L, González-Barón M. 263 A study of capecitabine in elderly patients as first line treatment in advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer. EJC Suppl 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(03)90296-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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López-Gómez L, Castro P, Bernardo AB, Megías A, Blanco D. [Early assessment in perinatal hypoxia. Prognostic markers]. Rev Neurol 2000; 31:1142-6. [PMID: 11205546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Perinatal asphyxia and its neurological signs are the most important cause of brain damage and neurological sequelae in full term newborn babies. Neuroprotection treatments currently being investigated promise to reduce such sequelae, but these treatments are not without risk and the patients involved should be selected. OBJECTIVE To analyze a scale composed of variables recorded from the start of delivery until the fourth hour of life, comparing the neurological evolution of the patients. By means of this scale we aim to establish a criterion for the selection of neonates with acute perinatal asphyxia, who would benefit from neuroprotector treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective study was made of 50 patients with the diagnosis of perinatal asphyxia. Our scale was formed of the following variables: intrauterine meconiorrhexis, pathological cardiotocographic recordings, resuscitation at birth, Apgar score at five minutes, pH of the umbilical artery blood, neurological examination, multisystemic involvement, seizures, persistent metabolic acidosis and need for mechanical ventilation during the first hours of life. The patients were followed up for at least one year by means of periodical studies (neurological examination and evaluation of psychomotor development according to the Brunnet Lezinne test). For statistical analysis we used the chi squared test, Fisher's exact test, Kruskal-Wallis test and the area beneath the ROC curve. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The scale presented constitutes a rapid, easy method which is statistically significant for the selection of perinatal asphyxia of high neurological risk which would benefit from neuroprotector treatment after the event.
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MESH Headings
- Acidosis/etiology
- Apgar Score
- Asphyxia Neonatorum/complications
- Asphyxia Neonatorum/diagnosis
- Asphyxia Neonatorum/drug therapy
- Brain Damage, Chronic/epidemiology
- Brain Damage, Chronic/etiology
- Brain Damage, Chronic/prevention & control
- Female
- Fetal Blood/chemistry
- Fetal Distress/etiology
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Hypoxia, Brain/epidemiology
- Hypoxia, Brain/etiology
- Hypoxia, Brain/prevention & control
- Infant, Newborn
- Male
- Meconium
- Neuroprotective Agents/administration & dosage
- Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use
- Prognosis
- Psychomotor Disorders/epidemiology
- Psychomotor Disorders/etiology
- Respiration, Artificial/statistics & numerical data
- Resuscitation/statistics & numerical data
- Retrospective Studies
- Risk Factors
- Severity of Illness Index
- Spasms, Infantile/epidemiology
- Spasms, Infantile/etiology
- Spasms, Infantile/prevention & control
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- L López-Gómez
- Servicio de Neonatología, Sección de Neuropediatría, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
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Feliu J, Vincent J, Dorta J, Constenla M, Espinosa J, Belón J, López-Gómez L, Fernández Y, de Castro J, Barón M. Phase II trial of gemcitabine-UFT-leucovorin (ILV) in advanced carcinoma of the pancreas: preliminary results. Eur J Cancer 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(99)81011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Barcia JA, Barcia-Salorio JL, López-Gómez L, Hernández G. Stereotactic radiosurgery may be effective in the treatment of idiopathic epilepsy: report on the methods and results in a series of eleven cases. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 1994; 63:271-9. [PMID: 7624646 DOI: 10.1159/000100331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Between 1982 and 1991, 11 patients (4 male, 7 female) ranging in age from 16 to 42 years who had been diagnosed with idiopathic focal epilepsy resistant to medication, were treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. The preoperative symptomatic period was 3-24 years. The process of localizing epileptic focus was based on chronic electrocorticography with flexible electrodes introduced into the subarachnoid space through single burr holes, and left in place during a maximum of 7 days until a clinical seizure was recorded. In most cases the procedure had to be repeated until localization was clear. This process was aided by a computer-assisted automatic analysis procedure. Final confirmation of focus location was done with depth electrode recording in most cases. Stereotactic radiosurgery was performed with a 60Co gamma source using 10 mm collimators, except in two cases in which a betatron was used. The estimated dose was 10-20 Gy at the isocenter. Four of the 11 patients (36%) were medication- and seizure-free after a mean follow-up of 102.5 months. Five patients (45%) presented a reduction of seizures of 98, 89, 86, 75 and 75%, respectively. Two patients did not respond to treatment. Seizure reduction began after a delay period of 2-12 months except in 2 patients and in most cases seizure rate decreased progressively during several months (range: 3-48) postoperatively until stabilization. No complications related to irradiation were recorded. Doses effective for epilepsy are much lower than those for producing cerebral lesions, so the mechanism is not destruction of the focus of the pathways spreading the epileptic activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Barcia
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico, Universitario, Valencia, Spain
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Abstract
Based on experimental research, since 1982 until 1991 a series of 11 patients diagnosed as suffering from idiopathic focal epilepsy have been treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. Focus location was determined with cortical electrodes and confirmed by stereotactically placed deep electrodes. Stereotactic radiosurgery was performed with photons from a cobalt source with a dose of 10 to 20 Gy, except in two cases in whom a betatron was used. The results were: complete cessation of seizures in four cases and a significant reduction in the number of seizures in five additional cases. Seizures began to decrease gradually after a period of three months of one year, except in two cases in whom there was an immediate response after treatment. In two cases there was no change. No complication related to the irradiation was recorded. The gradual and delayed effect, obtained with low doses, may favour the hypothesis that non-descructive permanent structural changes, possibly related to the neuronal plasticity phenomenon, constitute the mechanism underlying these facts. Although the number of cases so far is too small, the absence of side-effects may make this bloodless method the one of choice specially in those cases in whom eloquent areas are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Barcia-Salorio
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
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Barcia-Salorio JL, Barcia JA, Roldán P, Hernández G, López-Gómez L. Radiosurgery of epilepsy. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien) 1993; 58:195-197. [PMID: 8109291 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9297-9_46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Since 1982 a series of 11 epileptic patients have been treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. Patients were intracranially recorded with cortical and deep electrodes until the location of the epileptogenic focus was determined. A deep electrode was stereotactically placed at this point to confirm the accuracy of the location. All patients received radiosurgery with a gamma source and a dose of 10 to 20 Gy, except two of them in which a betatron was used. The results were: Total disappearance of the crises and withdrawal of medication: 4 cases (36%). More than 80% reduction of crises: 3 cases (27%). More than 50% reduction of crises: 2 cases (18%). Less than 50% reduction of crises: 2 cases (18%). No complications were observed, even in those cases in which the focus was located near critical areas of the brain. The efficacy of the low doses used accounts for non-destructive mechanisms, probably mediated by a neuronal plasticity phenomenon, as experimental studies suggest. The lack of complications can make this therapeutic approach an alternative to be considered when critical areas are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Barcia-Salorio
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
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Barcia-Salorio JL, Vanaclocha V, Cerdá M, Ciudad J, López-Gómez L. Response of experimental epileptic focus to focal ionizing radiation. Appl Neurophysiol 1987; 50:359-64. [PMID: 3130795 DOI: 10.1159/000100740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
An experimental model of cobalt-induced epilepsy was performed on 15 cats. 3 months later, they were irradiated by means of a gamma source with a total target dose of 10 Gy. One month after irradiation all EEG recordings returned to normal, while a control group maintained the epileptiform traces. Histological study of the irradiated foci showed neuronal reafferentation. The action mechanism of ionizing radiation over epileptogenic foci in relation to this reafferentation and neuronal plasticity mechanisms is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Barcia-Salorio
- Servicio de Neurocirurgia, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
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