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Gu J, He Y, He C, Zhang Q, Huang Q, Bai S, Wang R, You Q, Wang L. Advances in the structures, mechanisms and targeting of molecular chaperones. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2025; 10:84. [PMID: 40069202 PMCID: PMC11897415 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-025-02166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 11/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2025] [Indexed: 03/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Molecular chaperones, a class of complex client regulatory systems, play significant roles in the prevention of protein misfolding and abnormal aggregation, the modulation of protein homeostasis, and the protection of cells from damage under constantly changing environmental conditions. As the understanding of the biological mechanisms of molecular chaperones has increased, their link with the occurrence and progression of disease has suggested that these proteins are promising targets for therapeutic intervention, drawing intensive interest. Here, we review recent advances in determining the structures of molecular chaperones and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) chaperone system complexes. We also describe the features of molecular chaperones and shed light on the complicated regulatory mechanism that operates through interactions with various co-chaperones in molecular chaperone cycles. In addition, how molecular chaperones affect diseases by regulating pathogenic proteins has been thoroughly analyzed. Furthermore, we focus on molecular chaperones to systematically discuss recent clinical advances and various drug design strategies in the preclinical stage. Recent studies have identified a variety of novel regulatory strategies targeting molecular chaperone systems with compounds that act through different mechanisms from those of traditional inhibitors. Therefore, as more novel design strategies are developed, targeting molecular chaperones will significantly contribute to the discovery of new potential drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinying Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanyi He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenxi He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qifei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shangjun Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruoning Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of Highly Efficient Drug Delivery Systems (DDSs), Nanjing, China.
| | - Qidong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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Favretto F, Jiménez-Faraco E, Conter C, Dominici P, Hermoso JA, Astegno A. Structural Basis for Cyclosporin Isoform-Specific Inhibition of Cyclophilins from Toxoplasma gondii. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:365-377. [PMID: 36653744 PMCID: PMC9926490 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cyclosporin (CsA) has antiparasite activity against the human pathogen Toxoplasma gondii. A possible mechanism of action involves CsA binding to T. gondii cyclophilins, although much remains to be understood. Herein, we characterize the functional and structural properties of a conserved (TgCyp23) and a more divergent (TgCyp18.4) cyclophilin isoform from T. gondii. While TgCyp23 is a highly active cis-trans-prolyl isomerase (PPIase) and binds CsA with nanomolar affinity, TgCyp18.4 shows low PPIase activity and is significantly less sensitive to CsA inhibition. The crystal structure of the TgCyp23:CsA complex was solved at the atomic resolution showing the molecular details of CsA recognition by the protein. Computational and structural studies revealed relevant differences at the CsA-binding site between TgCyp18.4 and TgCyp23, suggesting that the two cyclophilins might have distinct functions in the parasite. These studies highlight the extensive diversification of TgCyps and pave the way for antiparasite interventions based on selective targeting of cyclophilins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Favretto
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134Verona, Italy
| | - Eva Jiménez-Faraco
- Department
of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano (IQFR), CSIC, Serrano 119, 28006Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Conter
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134Verona, Italy
| | - Paola Dominici
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134Verona, Italy
| | - Juan A. Hermoso
- Department
of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano (IQFR), CSIC, Serrano 119, 28006Madrid, Spain,
| | - Alessandra Astegno
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134Verona, Italy,
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Zemanova L, Vaskova M, Schmidt M, Roubalova J, Haleckova A, Benek O, Musilek K. RNase T1 Refolding Assay for Determining Mitochondrial Cyclophilin D Activity: A Novel In Vitro Method Applicable in Drug Research and Discovery. Biochemistry 2020; 59:1680-1687. [PMID: 32275395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b01025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human cyclophilin D is a mitochondrial peptidyl-prolyl isomerase that plays a role in regulating the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. It is considered a viable and promising molecular target for the treatment of diseases for which disease development is associated with pore opening, e.g., Alzheimer's disease or ischemia/reperfusion injury. Currently available and widely used in vitro methods based on Kofron's assay for determining cyclophilin D activity suffer from serious drawbacks and limitations. In this study, a completely novel approach for an in vitro assay of cyclophilin D activity using RNase T1 refolding is introduced. The method is simple and is more in line with the presumed physiological role of cyclophilin D in protein folding than Kofron's assay, which relies on a peptide substrate. The method is applicable for identifying novel inhibitors of cyclophilin D as potential drugs for the treatment of the diseases mentioned above. Moreover, the description of CypD activity in the in vitro RNase T1 refolding assay reveals new possibilities for investigating the role of cyclophilin D in protein folding in cells and may lead to a better understanding of its pathological and physiological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Zemanova
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Vaskova
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Schmidt
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Roubalova
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Annamaria Haleckova
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Benek
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Musilek
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Center, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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AtTPR10 Containing Multiple ANK and TPR Domains Exhibits Chaperone Activity and Heat-Shock Dependent Structural Switching. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10041265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Among the several tetratricopeptide (TPR) repeat-containing proteins encoded by the Arabidopsis thaliana genome, AtTPR10 exhibits an atypical structure with three TPR domain repeats at the C-terminus in addition to seven ankyrin (ANK) domain repeats at the N-terminus. However, the function of AtTPR10 remains elusive. Here, we investigated the biochemical function of AtTPR10. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that AtTPR10 expression is highly enhanced by heat shock compared with the other abiotic stresses, suggesting that AtTPR10 functions as a molecular chaperone to protect intracellular proteins from thermal stresses. Under the heat shock treatment, the chaperone activity of AtTPR10 increased significantly; this was accompanied by a structural switch from the low molecular weight (LMW) protein to a high molecular weight (HMW) complex. Analysis of two truncated fragments of AtTPR10 containing the TPR and ANK repeats showed that each domain exhibits a similar range of chaperone activity (approximately one-third of that of the native protein), suggesting that each domain cooperatively regulates the chaperone function of AtTPR10. Additionally, both truncated fragments of AtTPR10 underwent structural reconfiguration to form heat shock-dependent HMW complexes. Our results clearly demonstrate that AtTPR10 functions as a molecular chaperone in plants to protect intracellular targets from heat shock stress.
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Cox MB, Johnson JL. Evidence for Hsp90 Co-chaperones in Regulating Hsp90 Function and Promoting Client Protein Folding. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1709:397-422. [PMID: 29177674 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7477-1_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones are a diverse group of highly conserved proteins that transiently interact with partially folded polypeptide chains during normal cellular processes such as protein translation, translocation, and disassembly of protein complexes. Prior to folding or after denaturation, hydrophobic residues that are normally sequestered within a folded protein are exposed to the aqueous environment and are prone to aggregation or misfolding. Multiple classes of molecular chaperones, such as Hsp70s and Hsp40s, recognize and transiently bind polypeptides with exposed hydrophobic stretches in order to prevent misfolding. Other types of chaperones, such as Hsp90, have more specialized functions in that they appear to interact with only a subset of cellular proteins. This chapter focuses on the role of Hsp90 and partner co-chaperones in promoting the folding and activation of a diverse group of proteins with critical roles in cellular signaling and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc B Cox
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso and the Border Biomedical Research Center, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Jill L Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Center for Reproductive Biology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844-3051, USA.
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Structural and Functional Characterization of a Novel Family of Cyclophilins, the AquaCyps. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157070. [PMID: 27276069 PMCID: PMC4898713 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilins are ubiquitous cis-trans-prolyl isomerases (PPIases) found in all kingdoms of life. Here, we identify a novel family of cyclophilins, termed AquaCyps, which specifically occurs in marine Alphaproteobacteria, but not in related terrestric species. In addition to a canonical PPIase domain, AquaCyps contain large extensions and insertions. The crystal structures of two representatives from Hirschia baltica, AquaCyp293 and AquaCyp300, reveal the formation of a compact domain, the NIC domain, by the N- and C-terminal extensions together with a central insertion. The NIC domain adopts a novel mixed alpha-helical, beta-sheet fold that is linked to the cyclophilin domain via a conserved disulfide bond. In its overall fold, AquaCyp293 resembles AquaCyp300, but the two proteins utilize distinct sets of active site residues, consistent with differences in their PPIase catalytic properties. While AquaCyp293 is a highly active general PPIase, AquaCyp300 is specific for hydrophobic substrate peptides and exhibits lower overall activity.
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Geisler M, Bailly A, Ivanchenko M. Master and servant: Regulation of auxin transporters by FKBPs and cyclophilins. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 245:1-10. [PMID: 26940487 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant development and architecture are greatly influenced by the polar distribution of the essential hormone auxin. The directional influx and efflux of auxin from plant cells depends primarily on AUX1/LAX, PIN, and ABCB/PGP/MDR families of auxin transport proteins. The functional analysis of these proteins has progressed rapidly within the last decade thanks to the establishment of heterologous auxin transport systems. Heterologous co-expression allowed also for the testing of protein-protein interactions involved in the regulation of transporters and identified relationships with members of the FK506-Binding Protein (FKBP) and cyclophilin protein families, which are best known in non-plant systems as cellular receptors for the immunosuppressant drugs, FK506 and cyclosporin A, respectively. Current evidence that such interactions affect membrane trafficking, and potentially the activity of auxin transporters is reviewed. We also propose that FKBPs andcyclophilins might integrate the action of auxin transport inhibitors, such as NPA, on members of the ABCB and PIN family, respectively. Finally, we outline open questions that might be useful for further elucidation of the role of immunophilins as regulators (servants) of auxin transporters (masters).
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Geisler
- University of Fribourg, Department of Biology-Plant Biology, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Aurélien Bailly
- University of Zurich, Institute of Plant Biology, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Ivanchenko
- Oregon State University, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, 2082 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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Schmoll M, Dattenböck C, Carreras-Villaseñor N, Mendoza-Mendoza A, Tisch D, Alemán MI, Baker SE, Brown C, Cervantes-Badillo MG, Cetz-Chel J, Cristobal-Mondragon GR, Delaye L, Esquivel-Naranjo EU, Frischmann A, Gallardo-Negrete JDJ, García-Esquivel M, Gomez-Rodriguez EY, Greenwood DR, Hernández-Oñate M, Kruszewska JS, Lawry R, Mora-Montes HM, Muñoz-Centeno T, Nieto-Jacobo MF, Nogueira Lopez G, Olmedo-Monfil V, Osorio-Concepcion M, Piłsyk S, Pomraning KR, Rodriguez-Iglesias A, Rosales-Saavedra MT, Sánchez-Arreguín JA, Seidl-Seiboth V, Stewart A, Uresti-Rivera EE, Wang CL, Wang TF, Zeilinger S, Casas-Flores S, Herrera-Estrella A. The Genomes of Three Uneven Siblings: Footprints of the Lifestyles of Three Trichoderma Species. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2016; 80:205-327. [PMID: 26864432 PMCID: PMC4771370 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00040-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Trichoderma contains fungi with high relevance for humans, with applications in enzyme production for plant cell wall degradation and use in biocontrol. Here, we provide a broad, comprehensive overview of the genomic content of these species for "hot topic" research aspects, including CAZymes, transport, transcription factors, and development, along with a detailed analysis and annotation of less-studied topics, such as signal transduction, genome integrity, chromatin, photobiology, or lipid, sulfur, and nitrogen metabolism in T. reesei, T. atroviride, and T. virens, and we open up new perspectives to those topics discussed previously. In total, we covered more than 2,000 of the predicted 9,000 to 11,000 genes of each Trichoderma species discussed, which is >20% of the respective gene content. Additionally, we considered available transcriptome data for the annotated genes. Highlights of our analyses include overall carbohydrate cleavage preferences due to the different genomic contents and regulation of the respective genes. We found light regulation of many sulfur metabolic genes. Additionally, a new Golgi 1,2-mannosidase likely involved in N-linked glycosylation was detected, as were indications for the ability of Trichoderma spp. to generate hybrid galactose-containing N-linked glycans. The genomic inventory of effector proteins revealed numerous compounds unique to Trichoderma, and these warrant further investigation. We found interesting expansions in the Trichoderma genus in several signaling pathways, such as G-protein-coupled receptors, RAS GTPases, and casein kinases. A particularly interesting feature absolutely unique to T. atroviride is the duplication of the alternative sulfur amino acid synthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Schmoll
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Department Health and Environment, Bioresources Unit, Tulln, Austria
| | - Christoph Dattenböck
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Department Health and Environment, Bioresources Unit, Tulln, Austria
| | | | | | - Doris Tisch
- Research Division Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mario Ivan Alemán
- Cinvestav, Department of Genetic Engineering, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Scott E Baker
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Christopher Brown
- University of Otago, Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - José Cetz-Chel
- LANGEBIO, National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity, Cinvestav-Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Delaye
- Cinvestav, Department of Genetic Engineering, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - Alexa Frischmann
- Research Division Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Monica García-Esquivel
- LANGEBIO, National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity, Cinvestav-Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - David R Greenwood
- The University of Auckland, School of Biological Sciences, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Miguel Hernández-Oñate
- LANGEBIO, National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity, Cinvestav-Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Joanna S Kruszewska
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Laboratory of Fungal Glycobiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Lawry
- Lincoln University, Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sebastian Piłsyk
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Laboratory of Fungal Glycobiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kyle R Pomraning
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Aroa Rodriguez-Iglesias
- Austrian Institute of Technology, Department Health and Environment, Bioresources Unit, Tulln, Austria
| | | | | | - Verena Seidl-Seiboth
- Research Division Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Chih-Li Wang
- National Chung-Hsing University, Department of Plant Pathology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Fang Wang
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Molecular Biology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Susanne Zeilinger
- Research Division Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria University of Innsbruck, Institute of Microbiology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Alfredo Herrera-Estrella
- LANGEBIO, National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity, Cinvestav-Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
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Li S, Fei J, Cheng D, Jin Y, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Lv Z. BIOINFORMATICS, TISSUE DISTRIBUTION, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION ANALYSES OF FK506 BINDING PROTEIN 12B FROM SILKWORMS. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 91:109-123. [PMID: 26679986 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
FK506 binding proteins (FKBPs) are intracellular receptors of the immunosuppressant FK506 and play important roles in the correct folding of new proteins and the self-assembly of biological macromolecules. FKBP12 is a member of the FKBP family that is widely expressed and highly conserved in many species. In this study, we identified the complete cDNA sequence encoding the FKBP12 ortholog in Bombyx mori, named Bm-FKBP12B (GenBank accession no. DQ443423). Multiple-sequence alignment among different species revealed a high similarity among FKBP12 paralogs and orthologs. Bioinformatics analysis of the Bm-FKBP12B gene showed that it is located on chromosome 20 and consists of three exons and two introns. We cloned, expressed, and purified the Bm-FKBP12B protein in Escherichia coli and generated a specific polyclonal antibody against Bm-FKBP12B. The real-time quantitative reverse-transcription (qRT) PCR and Western blotting results showed that Bm-FKBP12B was present throughout all of the development stages, but it was abundant in the adult and embryo stages. Bm-FKBP12B expression was higher in the silk gland and gut, suggesting that it might play important roles in regulating gene expression in the silk gland and during silk fiber formation. Bm-FKBP12B protein was distributed in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and nuclear membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Li
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - JingJing Fei
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - DanDan Cheng
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Jin
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenping Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaozhou Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengbing Lv
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Haase M, Fitze G. HSP90AB1: Helping the good and the bad. Gene 2015; 575:171-86. [PMID: 26358502 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Haase
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Guido Fitze
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Lee SS, Park HJ, Jung WY, Lee A, Yoon DH, You YN, Kim HS, Kim BG, Ahn JC, Cho HS. OsCYP21-4, a novel Golgi-resident cyclophilin, increases oxidative stress tolerance in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:797. [PMID: 26483814 PMCID: PMC4589654 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OsCYP21-4 is a rice cyclophilin protein that binds to cyclosporine A, an immunosuppressant drug. CYP21-4s in Arabidopsis and rice were previously shown to function as mitochondrial cyclophilins, as determined by TargetP analysis. In the current study, we found that OsCYP21-4-GFP localized to the Golgi, rather than mitochondria, in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, which was confirmed based on its co-localization with cis Golgi α-ManI-mCherry protein. OsCYP21-4 transcript levels increased in response to treatments with various abiotic stresses and the phytohormone abscisic acid, revealing its stress-responsiveness. CYP21-4 homologs do not possess key peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) activity/cyclosporine A (CsA) binding residues, and recombinant OsCYP21-4 protein did not convert the synthetic substrate Suc-AAPF-pNA via cis- trans- isomerization in vitro. In addition, transgenic plants overexpressing OsCYP21-4 exhibited increased tolerance to salinity and hydrogen peroxide treatment, along with increased peroxidase activity. These results demonstrate that OsCYP21-4 is a novel Golgi-localized cyclophilin that plays a role in oxidative stress tolerance, possibly by regulating peroxidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang S. Lee
- Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyDaejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyun J. Park
- Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyDaejeon, South Korea
| | - Won Y. Jung
- Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyDaejeon, South Korea
| | - Areum Lee
- Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyDaejeon, South Korea
| | - Dae H. Yoon
- Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyDaejeon, South Korea
| | - Young N. You
- Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyDaejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Soon Kim
- Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyDaejeon, South Korea
| | - Beom-Gi Kim
- Molecular Breeding Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development of AgricultureJeonju, South Korea
| | - Jun C. Ahn
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Seonam UniversityNamwon, South Korea
| | - Hye S. Cho
- Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyDaejeon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hye S. Cho, Sustainable Bioresource Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, South Korea
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12
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Yau WL, Pescher P, MacDonald A, Hem S, Zander D, Retzlaff S, Blisnick T, Rotureau B, Rosenqvist H, Wiese M, Bastin P, Clos J, Späth GF. The Leishmania donovani chaperone cyclophilin 40 is essential for intracellular infection independent of its stage-specific phosphorylation status. Mol Microbiol 2014; 93:80-97. [PMID: 24811325 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
During its life cycle, the protozoan pathogen Leishmania donovani is exposed to contrasting environments inside insect vector and vertebrate host, to which the parasite must adapt for extra- and intracellular survival. Combining null mutant analysis with phosphorylation site-specific mutagenesis and functional complementation we genetically tested the requirement of the L. donovani chaperone cyclophilin 40 (LdCyP40) for infection. Targeted replacement of LdCyP40 had no effect on parasite viability, axenic amastigote differentiation, and resistance to various forms of environmental stress in culture, suggesting important functional redundancy to other parasite chaperones. However, ultrastructural analyses and video microscopy of cyp40-/- promastigotes uncovered important defects in cell shape, organization of the subpellicular tubulin network and motility at stationary growth phase. More importantly, cyp40-/- parasites were unable to establish intracellular infection in murine macrophages and were eliminated during the first 24 h post infection. Surprisingly, cyp40-/- infectivity was restored in complemented parasites expressing a CyP40 mutant of the unique S274 phosphorylation site. Together our data reveal non-redundant CyP40 functions in parasite cytoskeletal remodelling relevant for the development of infectious parasites in vitro independent of its phosphorylation status, and provide a framework for the genetic analysis of Leishmania-specific phosphorylation sites and their role in regulating parasite protein function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Lok Yau
- Institut Pasteur and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique URA 2581, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, 25 rue du Dr Roux, F-75015, Paris, France; Clos Group (Leishmanasis), Bernhard-Nocht-Institut für Tropenmedizin, Bernhard-Nocht-Str. 74, D-20359, Hamburg, Germany
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13
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Zuehlke AD, Wren N, Tenge V, Johnson JL. Interaction of heat shock protein 90 and the co-chaperone Cpr6 with Ura2, a bifunctional enzyme required for pyrimidine biosynthesis. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:27406-27414. [PMID: 23926110 PMCID: PMC3779735 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.504142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is an essential protein required for the activity and stability of multiple proteins termed clients. Hsp90 cooperates with a set of co-chaperone proteins that modulate Hsp90 activity and/or target clients to Hsp90 for folding. Many of the Hsp90 co-chaperones, including Cpr6 and Cpr7, contain tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domains that bind a common acceptor site at the carboxyl terminus of Hsp90. We found that Cpr6 and Hsp90 interacted with Ura2, a protein critical for pyrimidine biosynthesis. Mutation or inhibition of Hsp90 resulted in decreased accumulation of Ura2, indicating it is an Hsp90 client. Cpr6 interacted with Ura2 in the absence of stable Cpr6-Hsp90 interaction, suggesting a direct interaction. However, loss of Cpr6 did not alter the Ura2-Hsp90 interaction or Ura2 accumulation. The TPR domain of Cpr6 was required for Ura2 interaction, but other TPR containing co-chaperones, including Cpr7, failed to interact with Ura2 or rescue CPR6-dependent growth defects. Further analysis suggests that the carboxyl-terminal 100 amino acids of Cpr6 and Cpr7 are critical for specifying their unique functions, providing new information about this important class of Hsp90 co-chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey D Zuehlke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844
| | - Nicholas Wren
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844
| | - Victoria Tenge
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844
| | - Jill L Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844.
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14
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Plant microRNAs and development. J Genet Genomics 2013; 40:217-30. [PMID: 23706297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2013] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of about 20-24 nt small non-coding RNAs that can regulate their target gene expression transcriptionally and posttranscriptionally. There are an increasing number of studies describing the identification of new components and regulatory mechanisms involved in the miRNA biogenesis and effector pathway as well as new functions of miRNAs in plant development. This review mainly focuses on the components involved in this pathway, and the developmental defects associated with the corresponding mutations. Some functions of important miRNAs in plant development, together with the modes of miRNA action, are also discussed in this review to describe the recent advance in this area.
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15
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PPIase independent chaperone-like function of recombinant human Cyclophilin A during arginine kinase refolding. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:666-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Rahamimoff H, Elbaz B, Valitsky M, Khatib M, Eskin-Schwartz M, Elmaz D. Immunosuppressive Drugs, Immunophilins, and Functional Expression of NCX Isoforms. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 961:275-87. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4756-6_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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17
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Calderwood SK. Molecular cochaperones: tumor growth and cancer treatment. SCIENTIFICA 2013; 2013:217513. [PMID: 24278769 PMCID: PMC3820307 DOI: 10.1155/2013/217513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones play important roles in all cellular organisms by maintaining the proteome in an optimally folded state. They appear to be at a premium in cancer cells whose evolution along the malignant pathways requires the fostering of cohorts of mutant proteins that are employed to overcome tumor suppressive regulation. To function at significant rates in cells, HSPs interact with cochaperones, proteins that assist in catalyzing individual steps in molecular chaperoning as well as in posttranslational modification and intracellular localization. We review current knowledge regarding the roles of chaperones such as heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and Hsp70 and their cochaperones in cancer. Cochaperones are potential targets for cancer therapy in themselves and can be used to assess the likely prognosis of individual malignancies. Hsp70 cochaperones Bag1, Bag3, and Hop play significant roles in the etiology of some cancers as do Hsp90 cochaperones Aha1, p23, Cdc37, and FKBP1. Others such as the J domain protein family, HspBP1, TTC4, and FKBPL appear to be associated with more benign tumor phenotypes. The key importance of cochaperones for many pathways of protein folding in cancer suggests high promise for the future development of novel pharmaceutical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart K. Calderwood
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 99 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- *Stuart K. Calderwood:
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18
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Zuehlke AD, Johnson JL. Chaperoning the chaperone: a role for the co-chaperone Cpr7 in modulating Hsp90 function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 2012; 191:805-14. [PMID: 22505624 PMCID: PMC3389976 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.112.140319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an abundant essential eukaryotic molecular chaperone involved in the activation and stabilization of client proteins, including several transcription factors and oncogenic kinases. Hsp90 undergoes a complex series of conformational changes and interacts with partner co-chaperones such as Sba1, Cpr6, Cpr7, and Cns1 as it binds and hydrolyzes ATP. In the absence of nucleotide, Hsp90 is dimerized only at the carboxy-terminus. In the presence of ATP, Hsp90 also dimerizes at the amino-terminus, creating a binding site for Sba1. Truncation of a charged linker region of yeast Hsp90 (Hsp82Δlinker) was known to disrupt the ability of Hsp82 to undergo amino-terminal dimerization and bind Sba1. We found that yeast expressing Hsp82Δlinker constructs exhibited a specific synthetic lethal phenotype in cells lacking CPR7. The isolated tetratricopeptide repeat domain of Cpr7 was both necessary and sufficient for growth in those strains. Cpr6 and Cpr7 stably bound the carboxy-terminus of wild-type Hsp82 only in the presence of nonhydrolyzable ATP and formed an Hsp82-Cpr6-Cpr7 ternary complex. However, in cells expressing Hsp82Δlinker or lacking CPR7, Cpr6 was able to bind Hsp82 in the presence or absence of nucleotide. Overexpression of CNS1, but not of other co-chaperones, in cpr7 cells restored nucleotide-dependent Hsp82-Cpr6 interaction. Together, our results suggest that the in vivo functions of Cpr7 include modulating Hsp90 conformational changes, mediating proper signaling of the nucleotide-bound state to the carboxy-terminus of Hsp82, or regulating Hsp82-Cpr6 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey D. Zuehlke
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Center for Reproductive Biology, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-3051
| | - Jill L. Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Center for Reproductive Biology, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-3051
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19
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Intracellular cyclophilin A is an important Ca(2+) regulator in platelets and critically involved in arterial thrombus formation. Blood 2012; 120:1317-26. [PMID: 22740452 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-12-398438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet adhesion and aggregation play a critical role in primary hemostasis. Uncontrolled platelet activation leads to pathologic thrombus formation and organ failure. The decisive central step for different processes of platelet activation is the increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) activity ([Ca(2+)](i)). Activation-dependent depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores triggers Ca(2+) entry from the extracellular space. Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) has been identified as a Ca(2+) sensor that regulates store-operated Ca(2+) entry through activation of the pore-forming subunit Orai1, the major store-operated Ca(2+) entry channel in platelets. In the present study, we show for the first time that the chaperone protein cyclophilin A (CyPA) acts as a Ca(2+) modulator in platelets. CyPA deficiency strongly blunted activation-induced Ca(2+) mobilization from intracellular stores and Ca(2+) influx from the extracellular compartment and thus impaired platelet activation substantially. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of the Ca(2+) sensor STIM1 was abrogated upon CyPA deficiency, as shown by immunoprecipitation studies. In a mouse model of arterial thrombosis, CyPA-deficient mice were protected against arterial thrombosis, whereas bleeding time was not affected. The results of the present study identified CyPA as an important Ca(2+) regulator in platelets, a critical mechanism for arterial thrombosis.
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20
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Park JH, Lee SY, Kim WY, Jung YJ, Chae HB, Jung HS, Kang CH, Shin MR, Kim SY, Su'udi M, Yun DJ, Lee KO, Kim MG, Lee SY. Heat-induced chaperone activity of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 5 enhances thermotolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2011; 191:692-705. [PMID: 21564098 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03734.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
• This study reports that Arabidopsis thaliana protein serine/threonine phosphatase 5 (AtPP5) plays a pivotal role in heat stress resistance. A high-molecular-weight (HMW) form of AtPP5 was isolated from heat-treated A. thaliana suspension cells. AtPP5 performs multiple functions, acting as a protein phosphatase, foldase chaperone, and holdase chaperone. The enzymatic activities of this versatile protein are closely associated with its oligomeric status, ranging from low oligomeric protein species to HMW complexes. • The phosphatase and foldase chaperone functions of AtPP5 are associated primarily with the low-molecular-weight (LMW) form, whereas the HMW form exhibits holdase chaperone activity. Transgenic over-expression of AtPP5 conferred enhanced heat shock resistance to wild-type A. thaliana and a T-DNA insertion knock-out mutant was defective in acquired thermotolerance. A recombinant phosphatase mutant (H290N) showed markedly increased holdase chaperone activity. • In addition, enhanced thermotolerance was observed in transgenic plants over-expressing H290N, which suggests that the holdase chaperone activity of AtPP5 is primarily responsible for AtPP5-mediated thermotolerance. • Collectively, the results from this study provide the first evidence that AtPP5 performs multiple enzymatic activities that are mediated by conformational changes induced by heat-shock stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ho Park
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Sun Yong Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Woe Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Young Jun Jung
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Ho Byoung Chae
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Division of Electron Microscopic Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, 52 Eoeun-dong, Daejeon 305-333, Korea
| | - Chang Ho Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Mi Rim Shin
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Sun Young Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Mukhamad Su'udi
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-856, Korea
| | - Dae Jin Yun
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Kyun Oh Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
| | - Min Gab Kim
- National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Suwon 441-856, Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
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21
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Allan RK, Ratajczak T. Versatile TPR domains accommodate different modes of target protein recognition and function. Cell Stress Chaperones 2011; 16:353-67. [PMID: 21153002 PMCID: PMC3118826 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-010-0248-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Revised: 11/21/2010] [Accepted: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motif is one of many repeat motifs that form structural domains in proteins that can act as interaction scaffolds in the formation of multi-protein complexes involved in numerous cellular processes such as transcription, the cell cycle, protein translocation, protein degradation and host defence against invading pathogens. The crystal structures of many TPR domain-containing proteins have been determined, showing TPR motifs as two anti-parallel α-helices packed in tandem arrays to form a structure with an amphipathic groove which can bind a target peptide. This is however not the only mode of target recognition by TPR domains, with short amino acid insertions and alternative TPR motif conformations also shown to contribute to protein interactions, highlighting diversity in TPR domains and the versatility of this structure in mediating biological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudi Kenneth Allan
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009 Australia
- The Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Thomas Ratajczak
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009 Australia
- The Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA 6009 Australia
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22
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Park MS, Chu F, Xie J, Wang Y, Bhattacharya P, Chan WK. Identification of cyclophilin-40-interacting proteins reveals potential cellular function of cyclophilin-40. Anal Biochem 2011; 410:257-65. [PMID: 21146485 PMCID: PMC3034277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2010] [Revised: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophilin-40 (CyP40) is part of the immunophilin family and is found in Hsp90-containing protein complexes. We were interested in identifying proteins that interact with CyP40. CyP40-interacting proteins in HeLa cells were identified using the tandem affinity purification approach. Adenovirus expressing human CyP40 protein (Ad-CyP40), fused with streptavidin and calmodulin binding peptides at the N terminus, was generated. Proteins were separated on a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gel after tandem affinity purification. Here 10 silver-stained protein bands that were enriched in the Ad-CyP40-infected lysate and the corresponding regions in the control lysate were excised, digested by trypsin, and identified by tandem mass spectrometric analysis. Of 11 interacting proteins that were identified, 4 (RACK1, Ku70, RPS3, and NF45) were expressed in rabbit reticulocyte lysate, bacteria, and MCF-7 cells. We confirmed that these proteins interact with CyP40. We observed that RACK1 suppressed the cobalt chloride-induced, hypoxia response element-dependent luciferase activity in MCF-7 cells but not in MCF-7 stable cells expressing approximately 10% of the cellular CyP40 content. In addition, RACK1 reduced the HIF-1α protein accumulation after cobalt chloride treatment, which was not observed when the CyP40 content was down-regulated. Collectively, we conclude that reduction of the HIF-1 α protein by RACK1 is CyP40-mediated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Susanto Park
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA.
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23
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Peptide Bond cis/trans Isomerases: A Biocatalysis Perspective of Conformational Dynamics in Proteins. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2011; 328:35-67. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2011_151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Cox MB, Johnson JL. The role of p23, Hop, immunophilins, and other co-chaperones in regulating Hsp90 function. Methods Mol Biol 2011; 787:45-66. [PMID: 21898226 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-295-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones are a diverse group of highly conserved proteins that transiently interact with partially folded polypeptide chains during normal cellular processes, such as protein translation, translocation, and disassembly of protein complexes (1). Prior to folding or after denaturation, hydrophobic residues that are normally sequestered within a folded protein are exposed to the aqueous environment and are prone to aggregation or misfolding. Multiple classes of molecular chaperones, such as Hsp70s and Hsp40s, recognize and transiently bind polypeptides with exposed hydrophobic stretches in order to prevent misfolding. Other types of chaperones, such as Hsp90, have more specialized functions in that they appear to interact with only a subset of cellular proteins. This chapter focuses on the role of Hsp90 and partner co-chaperones in promoting the folding and activation of a diverse group of proteins with critical roles in cellular signaling and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc B Cox
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
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25
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Elbaz B, Valitsky M, Davidov G, Rahamimoff H. Cyclophilin A Is Involved in Functional Expression of the Na+−Ca2+ Exchanger NCX1. Biochemistry 2010; 49:7634-42. [DOI: 10.1021/bi1008722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benayahu Elbaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Michael Valitsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Geula Davidov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Hannah Rahamimoff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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26
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Kockx M, Jessup W, Kritharides L. Cyclosporin A and atherosclerosis--cellular pathways in atherogenesis. Pharmacol Ther 2010; 128:106-18. [PMID: 20598751 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cyclosporin A (CsA) is an immunosuppressant drug widely used in organ transplant recipients and people with autoimmune disorders. Long term treatment with CsA is associated with many side effects including hyperlipidemia and an increased risk of atherosclerosis. While its immunosuppressive effects are closely linked to its effects on T cell activation via the inhibition of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) pathway, the precise mechanisms underlying its cardiovascular effects appear to involve multiple pathways additional to those relevant for immunosuppression. These include inhibition of calcineurin activity and intracellular cyclophilin peptidylprolyl isomerase and chaperone activities, inhibition of pro-inflammatory extracellular cyclophilin A, and NFAT-independent transcriptional effects. CsA demonstrates complex effects on lipoprotein metabolism and bile acid production, and affects endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and macrophages, all of which are critical to the atherosclerotic process. Interpretation of the available data is hampered as many experimental models are used to study the effects of CsA in vivo and in vitro, leading to diverse and often contradictory findings. In this review we will describe the cellular mechanisms related to CsA-induced hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis, with a focus on identifying pro-atherogenic pathways that are distinct from those relevant to its immunosuppressant effects. The potential of CsA analogues to avoid such sequelae will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Kockx
- Macrophage Biology Group, Centre for Vascular Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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27
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Ratajczak T, Ward BK, Cluning C, Allan RK. Cyclophilin 40: an Hsp90-cochaperone associated with apo-steroid receptors. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2009; 41:1652-5. [PMID: 19433306 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Revised: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophilin 40, a divergent loop cyclophilin first identified in association with the estrogen receptor alpha, contains a C-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat domain through which it shares structural identity with FK506-binding protein 52 (FKBP52) and other partner cochaperones in steroid receptor-heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) complexes. By dynamically competing for Hsp90 interaction, the cochaperones allow the receptors to establish distinct Hsp90-chaperone complexes, with the potential to exert tissue-specific control over receptor activity. Cyclophilin 40 regulates Hsp90 ATPase activity during receptor-Hsp90 assembly. Functional deletion of the cyclophilin 40 yeast homologue, Cpr7, adversely affected estrogen receptor alpha and glucocorticoid receptor activity that could be fully restored, either with wild type Cpr7 or Cpr7 with a cyclophilin domain lacking isomerase activity. We draw parallels with the mechanism already established for FKBP52 and propose that the cyclophilin 40 divergent loop interfaces with a contact surface on the steroid receptor ligand-binding domain to achieve an optimal orientation for receptor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Ratajczak
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
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28
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Smith MR, Willmann MR, Wu G, Berardini TZ, Möller B, Weijers D, Poethig RS. Cyclophilin 40 is required for microRNA activity in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:5424-9. [PMID: 19289849 PMCID: PMC2664006 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0812729106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations of SQUINT (SQN)-which encodes the Arabidopsis orthologue of cyclophilin 40 (CyP40)-cause the precocious expression of adult vegetative traits, an increase in carpel number, and produce abnormal spacing of flowers in the inflorescence. Here we show that the vegetative phenotype of sqn is attributable to the elevated expression of miR156-regulated members of the SPL family of transcription factors and provide evidence that this defect is a consequence of a reduction in the activity of ARGONAUTE1 (AGO1). Support for this latter conclusion was provided by the phenotypic similarity between hypomorphic alleles of AGO1 and null alleles of SQN and by the genetic interaction between sqn and these alleles. Our results suggest that AGO1, or an AGO1-interacting protein, is a major client of CyP40 and that miR156 and its targets play a central role in the regulation of vegetative phase change in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Smith
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Matthew R. Willmann
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Tanya Z. Berardini
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Barbara Möller
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, 6700 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dolf Weijers
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, 6700 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - R. Scott Poethig
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
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Luu TC, Bhattacharya P, Chan WK. Cyclophilin-40 has a cellular role in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling. FEBS Lett 2008; 582:3167-73. [PMID: 18708059 PMCID: PMC2630774 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2008] [Revised: 07/28/2008] [Accepted: 08/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophilin-40 (CyP40) promotes the formation of the gel shift complex that contains the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), AhR nuclear translocator (Arnt) and dioxin response element (DRE) using baculovirus expressed proteins. Here we reported that CyP40 plays a role in the AhR signaling. When the CyP40 content in MCF-7 cells is reduced, up-regulation of cyp1a1 and cyp1b1 by 3-methylchloranthrene (3MC) is also reduced, suggesting that CyP40 is essential for maximal AhR function. The CyP40 region containing amino acids 186-215, but not the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase and tetratricopeptide repeat domains, is essential for forming the AhR/Arnt/DRE complex. CyP40 is found in the cell nucleus after 3MC treatment and appears to promote the DRE binding form of the AhR/Arnt heterodimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony C. Luu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211
| | - Pompeya Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211
| | - William K. Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal Chemistry, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211
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Elbaz B, Alperovitch A, Gottesman MM, Kimchi-Sarfaty C, Rahamimoff H. Modulation of Na+-Ca2+ exchanger expression by immunosuppressive drugs is isoform-specific. Mol Pharmacol 2008; 73:1254-63. [PMID: 18182482 DOI: 10.1124/mol.107.041582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2025] Open
Abstract
The Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX) is a major Ca(2+)-regulating protein encoded by three genes: NCX1, NCX2, and NCX3. They share a sequence homology of approximately 65%. NCX1 protein is expressed ubiquitously, and NCX2 and NCX3 are expressed almost exclusively in the brain. We have shown previously (Kimchi-Sarfaty et al., 2002) that treatment of NCX1-transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells with the immunosuppressive cyclosporin A (CsA) and its nonimmunosuppressive analog PSC833 (valspodar) results in down-regulation of surface expression and transport activity of the protein without a decrease in expression of cell NCX1 protein. In this study, we show that cyclosporin A and PSC833 treatment of NCX2- and NCX3-transfected HEK 293 cells also resulted in dose-dependent down-regulation of surface expression and transport activity of the two brain NCX proteins; however, whereas CsA had no effect on total cell NCX protein expression, PSC833 reduced mRNA and cell protein expression of NCX2 and NCX3. Moreover, tacrolimus (FK506), which had no effect on NCX1 protein expression, down-regulated NCX2 and NCX3 surface expression and transport activity without any significant effect on cell protein expression. Sirolimus (rapamycin) had no effect on NCX2 and NCX3 protein expression, yet it reduced NCX2 and NCX3 transport activity. Because all of the experimental conditions in our studies were identical, presumably the different drug response is related to structural differences between NCX isoforms. Clinical studies suggested that immunosuppressive regimes of patients who have received transplants resulted in complications related to Ca(2+). Expression of NCX genes is tissue-specific. Hence, our results can potentially provide a tool for choosing the immunosuppressive protocol to be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benayahu Elbaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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