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Hazrati S, Mousavi Z, Nicola S. Harvest time optimization for medicinal and aromatic plant secondary metabolites. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 212:108735. [PMID: 38781639 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites (SMs) play a crucial role in shielding plants from pathogens and environmental stressors. These natural products find widespread applications across various industries, including pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic, and healthcare. However, the quantity and quality of these compounds in plants can be influenced by factors such as genetics, morphology, plant age, and the seasonal and daily variations. The timing of harvest holds particular significance for medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) as their active compounds peak at a specific moment during the plant growth cycle. Determining the optimal harvest time is essential to ensure the plants meet their intended cultivation goal. In this review, we analyzed how developmental and external factors impact the qualitative and quantitative effectiveness of SMs in MAPs. We examined recent studies on the effects of environmental and developmental factors on SMs of MAPs, compiling relevant data for analysis. The results of this review demonstrate how these factors influence the quantity and quality of plant SMs, underscoring the importance of determining the optimal harvest time (known as the balsamic time) to maximize the utilization of these compounds. Our findings offer crucial insights into the factors affecting SMs, serving as a tool for quality control in MAPs production. Moreover, this review can be a valuable resource for researchers, farmers, and industrial users aiming to optimize plant growth and harvest timing for maximum yield. Overall, our review provides valuable information for devising effective strategies to produce high-quality MAPs products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Hazrati
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, 53714-161, Iran.
| | - Zahra Mousavi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, 53714-161, Iran
| | - Silvana Nicola
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Horticultural Sciences - Inhortosanitas Lab, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
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Ndhlala AR, Işık M, Kavaz Yüksel A, Dikici E. Phenolic Content Analysis of Two Species Belonging to the Lamiaceae Family: Antioxidant, Anticholinergic, and Antibacterial Activities. Molecules 2024; 29:480. [PMID: 38257392 PMCID: PMC10821218 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The Lamiaceae family are utilized as ornamental, medicinal, and food supplements throughout the world. The current study focuses on a comparative analysis of the phenolic compositions and bioactivities (including antioxidant, anticholinergic, and antibacterial activities) of ethanolic extracts derived from the aerial parts of the two species (Lavandula stoechas L. and Thymus sipyleus Boiss). The presence of phenolic compounds and phytochemicals in the plant extracts was identified using the LC-MS/MS technique. The LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that vanillic acid (125,596.66 µg/L) was the most abundant phytochemical in L. stoechas. Kaempferol (8550.52 µg/L) was the most abundant substance in Thymus sipyleus. The assessment of the antioxidant efficacy of the species extracts was conducted using the DPPH (2.2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate), ABTS (2.2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), Fe3+-Fe2+ reducing, and CUPRAC (Cu2+-Cu+ reducing) assays. The anticholinergic activity of the samples was determined using the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition assay. The results of antioxidant activity were higher in the T. sipyleus than in the L. stoechas ethanol extracts. The extracts of L. stoechas exhibited radical scavenging activity ranging from 15 to 18%, while T. sipyleus had activity effects ranging from 34% to 38%. The AChE inhibition potential for L. stoechas and T. sipyleus extracts as IC50 values were 0.221 ± 0.01 mg/mL and 0.067 ± 0.02 mg/mL, respectively. The antibacterial effects of the ethanolic extracts of these species against pathogenic bacteria isolates were determined using the MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) method. These findings indicated that the extracts from L. stoechas and T. sipyleus possess the potential to be natural antioxidants in the realm of food preservation. Additionally, their antioxidant, anticholinergic, and antimicrobial properties suggest potential therapeutic utility in the management of certain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwell R. Ndhlala
- Green Biotechnologies Research Centre, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa;
| | - Mesut Işık
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik 11230, Turkey
| | - Arzu Kavaz Yüksel
- Department of Food Technology, Technical Sciences Vocational School, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25030, Turkey;
| | - Emrah Dikici
- Science and Technology Application and Research Center, Aksaray University, Aksaray 68100, Turkey;
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Zamani M, Sonboli A, Goldansaz M, Mirjalili MH. In vitro micropropagation and conservation of endangered medicinal plant Nepeta asterotricha Rech.f. ( Lamiaceae): genetic fidelity, phytochemical and biological assessment. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:67-80. [PMID: 38435858 PMCID: PMC10901756 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01416-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
An efficient in vitro protocol was introduced for the conservation of Nepeta asterotricha, a vulnerable and endangered medicinal species found in the central of Iran for the first time. Growth, phytochemical, and biological traits of in vitro regenerated plant (RP) and acclimated plant (AP) were compared to the mother plant (MP). In addition, the genetic stability of AP was assessed by using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers. The highest number of lateral branches (4.25) was obtained from the medium with 3 mg/mL kinetin (KIN), while the highest length of lateral branches (13.25 cm) was achieved on the medium culture fortified with 3 mg/mL thidiazuron (TDZ) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The highest number of leaves (20.25) and main branch length (12.25 cm) were obtained from the medium containing 3 mg/mL TDZ. The highest number of roots (46.25) and root length (2.25 cm) was measured from the medium fortified with 1 mg/mL indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 0.6 mg/mL indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), respectively. RP was successfully acclimated (85%) in vivo. Molecular analysis showed that the AP was true to the type of the MP. cis-Sabinene hydrate (26.8-57.7), 1,8-cineole (6.2-24.1), 4aα,7β,7aα-nepetalactone (4.1-12.3), and terpinene-4-ol (3.2-15.0) were the major essential oils compounds. The studied samples contained rosmarinic acid (2.55-5.97 mg/g DW), cichoric acid (1.68-12.7 mg/g DW), chlorogenic acid (1.91-64.21 mg/g DW), rutin (0.59-1.09 mg/g DW), apigenin (0.52-0.72 mg/g DW), betulinic acid (0.17-2.20 mg g DW), oleanolic acid (0.84-5.37 mg/g DW) and ursolic acid (3.46-15.70 mg/g DW). Acclimated plant exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 196.4 μg/mL), while the methanolic extract of MP displayed the highest antibacterial activity (MIC = 8 mg/mL) against Staphylococcus aureus. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01416-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Zamani
- Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411 Iran
| | - Ali Sonboli
- Department of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411 Iran
| | - Mostafa Goldansaz
- Department of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411 Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Mirjalili
- Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411 Iran
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Evaluation of the composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils from four species of Lamiaceae Martinov native to Iran. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17044. [PMID: 36220839 PMCID: PMC9553974 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21509-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study the essential oils obtained from four different plant species belonging to the Lamiaceae family were extracted by means of hydrodistillation and their composition and antimicrobial activity were evaluated. About 66 components were identified by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and among all, thymol (67.7%), oleic acid (0.5-62.1%), (-)-caryophyllene oxide (0.4-24.8%), α-pinene (1.1-19.4%), 1,8-cineole (0.2-15.4%), palmitic acid (0.32-13.28%), ( +)spathulenol (11.16%), and germacrene D (0.3-10.3%) were the most abundant in all the species tested (i.e. Thymus daenensis, Nepeta sessilifolia, Hymenocrater incanus, and Stachys inflata). In particular, only the composition of essential oils from H. incanus was completely detected (99.13%), while that of the others was only partially detected. Oxygenated monoterpenes (75.57%) were the main compounds of essential oil from T. daenensis; sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons (26.88%) were the most abundant in S. inflata; oxygenated sesquiterpenes (41.22%) were mainly detected in H. incanus essential oil, while the essential oil from N. sessilifolia was mainly composed of non-terpene and fatty acids (77.18%). Due to their slightly different composition, also the antibacterial activity was affected by the essential oil tested. Indeed, the highest antibacterial and antifungal activities were obtained with the essential oil from T. daenensis by means of the inhibition halo (39 ± 1 and 25 ± 0 mm) against Gram-positive strains such as Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus brasiliensis. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) of the essential oils obtained from the four species varied from 16 to 2000 μg/mL and were strictly affected by the type of microorganism tested. As an example, the essential oils from H. incanus and S. inflata were the most effective against the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC 16 and 63 μg/ml, respectively), which is considered one of the most resistant bacterial strain. Therefore, the essential oils obtained from the four species contained a suitable phytocomplexes with potential applications in different commercial area such as agriculture, food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Moreover, these essential oils can be considered a valuable natural alternative to some synthetic antibiotics, thanks to their ability to control the growth of different bacteria and fungi.
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Hassanshahi J, Hajializadeh Z, Niknia S, Mahmoodi M, Kaeidi A. Anti-tumor effects of Thymus Caramanicus Jalas extract in mice through oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:1797-1804. [PMID: 35997166 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Breast cancer causes death in women. Thymus Caramanicus Jalas (TCJ) as a polyphenolic plant has an antiproliferative effect. Accordingly, this investigation studied the TCJ extract anti-tumor effects in a breast cancer model. METHODS Twenty-four female BALB/c mice were used in 4 groups including (1) breast cancer (control); (2), (3) and (4) breast cancer + 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg of TCJ extract (once daily for 20-days after breast tumor induction). The breast tumour was induced by 4T1 cell carcinoma injection. Then tumor size and weight were measured. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor κ-B (NF-κB), interleukin-6 (IL-6) as inflammatory markers and also Bcl-2, Bax, cytosolic cytochrome-c, apoptosis-inducing factor, and cleaved caspase-3 as biochemical apoptosis markers were evaluated in tumor tissue with western blotting analysis. Also, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, hydrogen peroxidase (H2O2), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were exanimated. KEY FINDINGS Treatment with TCJ extract (500 mg/kg) decreased the tumor volume, tumor weight, GPx, SOD, and catalase enzyme activity versus the control group (P < 0.05). Also, TCJ (500 mg/kg) extract increased MDA, H2O2, inflammatory and apoptosis markers versus control (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Current study showed that TCJ can induce anti-tumour effects via promoting inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in breast tumour tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Hassanshahi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Hajializadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seddigheh Niknia
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mahmoodi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipoor Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ayat Kaeidi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Ghassemi-Golezani K, Nikpour-Rashidabad N, Samea-Andabjadid S. Application of growth promoting hormones alters the composition and antioxidant potential of dill essential oil under salt stress. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14349. [PMID: 35999251 PMCID: PMC9399244 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18717-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of dill plant may be affected by adverse environments such as salinity. Thus, this research was designed to evaluate changes in chemical composition and antioxidant activity of seed essential oil of dill (Anethum graveolens L.) in response to salinity (0, 5, 10 and 15 dS/m) and 1 mM of each hormonal treatments (gibberellic acid, salicylic acid, and cytokinin). Salicylic acid (SA) reduced Na+ content of roots and leaves by 15.4%, 30.9% and 12.4%, 24.3%, but enhanced K+ content by 29.8%, 51.6% and 76.6%, 73.4% under moderate and severe salinities, respectively. Essential oil yield was enhanced with progressing seed filling, despite decreasing essential oil percentage. Percentage of essential oil was increased under low and moderate salinities. Hormonal treatments, particularly SA enhanced seed mass and essential oil percentage, leading to enhanced essential oil yield. The amounts of most constituents were enhanced under moderate salinity. Foliar spray of SA and CK (cytokinin) increased almost all essential oil components, except dill ether and dill apiole, while the GA3 (gibberellic acid) treatment reduced most of the constituents. The α-fenchol was only induced by salt stress. The β-pinene, 1-terpineol, cryptone, oxypeucedanin hydrate, α-thujene and P-α-dimethylstyrene were also specifically synthesized in SA treated plants under salinity. The highest TPC (total phenolic content) and antioxidant activity were recorded for essential oil of SA treated plants at mass maturity under moderate salinity. In general, the SA spray was the most effective treatment for improving essential oil quantity and quality of dill plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Ghassemi-Golezani
- Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Neda Nikpour-Rashidabad
- Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samira Samea-Andabjadid
- Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Razzouk S, Mazri MA, Jeldi L, Mnasri B, Ouahmane L, Alfeddy MN. Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils from Three Mediterranean Plants against Eighteen Pathogenic Bacteria and Fungi. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081608. [PMID: 36015234 PMCID: PMC9414133 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EOs) obtained from three medicinal plants of the Moroccan flora were evaluated. The chemical composition of EOs of Thymus leptobotrys, Laurus nobilis and Syzygium aromaticum was determined using a gas chromatograph coupled with mass spectrometry. Carvacrol (75.05%) was the main constituent of T. leptobotrys EOs, while 1,8-cineole (31.48%) and eugenol (82.16%) were the predominant components of L. nobilis and S. aromaticum EOs, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the EOs was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively against 18 microbial strains pathogenic to humans by using the disc diffusion method, and by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum microbicidal concentration (MMC). The EOs of T. leptobotrys were the most active against the strains tested, with inhibitory zone values ranging from 7.00 to 45.00 mm, and MIC and MMC values ranging from 0.312 to 80.00 mg/mL. In many cases, these EOs exhibited higher antibacterial and antifungal activities than the chemical compounds ciprofloxacin and fluconazole, respectively. This high antimicrobial activity can be ascribed to their richness in carvacrol. The EOs of T. leptobotrys, L. nobilis, and S. aromaticum could be considered a promising alternative to replace chemical antimicrobials, and a readily available natural source of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina Razzouk
- Plant Protection Research Unit, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Marrakech, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, BP 415 Rabat Principale, Rabat 10090, Morocco; (S.R.); (L.J.)
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agro-Sciences and Environment (BioMAgE), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco;
| | - Mouaad Amine Mazri
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Unit, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Marrakech, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, BP 415 Rabat Principale, Rabat 10090, Morocco;
| | - Lamya Jeldi
- Plant Protection Research Unit, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Marrakech, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, BP 415 Rabat Principale, Rabat 10090, Morocco; (S.R.); (L.J.)
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agro-Sciences and Environment (BioMAgE), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco;
| | - Bacem Mnasri
- Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia;
| | - Lahcen Ouahmane
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Agro-Sciences and Environment (BioMAgE), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco;
| | - Mohamed Najib Alfeddy
- Plant Protection Research Unit, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Marrakech, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, BP 415 Rabat Principale, Rabat 10090, Morocco; (S.R.); (L.J.)
- Correspondence:
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Boukada F, Sitayeb S, Khadem H, Meddah B, Zohra S. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Adiantum capillus-veneris L. extract from Algeria. KRAGUJEVAC JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/kgjsci2244091b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluates the antioxidant and antibacterial activities as well as the chemical composition of the aerial part of Adiantum capillus-veneris L., which are endemic to the flora of Algeria. The total phenolic amount of the hydromethanolic extract, as measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent procedure, was found to be about 23.44 ± 0.14 mg GAE/g DW, while the flavonoid content value was 4.66 ± 0.01 mg CE/g DW, as measured by aluminum chloride colorimetric method. The antioxidant power of the extract was analyzed using the DPPH method. DPPH radicals were scavenged with an IC50 value of 65.85 µg/mL. The antibacterial activity of hydromethanolic extract against five bacterial strains of Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 25853), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Streptococcus pneumoniae and Bacillus cereus (ATCC 10876) were carried out using the disc diffusion test and the microdilution method. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most sensitive bacterium with inhibition zone of 9.0 ± 1.1 cm and MIC=10 mg/mL. Based on HPLC analysis, we find that quercetin 3-O-glucoside was the most abundant compound in the plant extract. This study demonstrates that Adiantum capillus-veneris could be a potential natural source of antibacterial and antioxidant compounds.
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Saad S, Ouafi S, Meguellati H, Djemouai N. Chemical diversity analysis and biological activities evaluation of different polyphenolic extracts of Marrubium deserti De Noé from Algeria. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 281:114494. [PMID: 34375714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Marrubium deserti De Noé (Lamiaceae) commonly known as desert horehound, is a small perennial herb distributed in arid climates. This plant has been used in Algeria for the treatment of cold, cough, fever and inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to perform a phytochemical analysis and to evaluate the effect of diethyl ether (ExDiEth), n-butanol (ExBut) and hydroalcoholic (ExHyD) extracts of the aerial parts of M. deserti De Noé on inflammation, nociceptive response and fever in animal models. MATERIALS AND METHODS The total phenolic content and the different phenolic fraction (flavones-flavonols, free aglycones, anthocyanidins, C-glycosides and flavonic heterosides) were quantified in order to study the chemical diversity. The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw oedema test and the nociceptive response was determined by the chemical method using acetic acid-induced writhing response and formalin-induced paw licking tests and by the thermal method using the hot plate in mice. In addition, anti-fever was investigated using yeast-induced pyrexia in rats. RESULTS Quantitative analysis revealed that among all extracts, ExBut had a higher phenolic content and the aerial parts of M. deserti De Noé collected from two different sites (Biskra and Tamanresset) had a significant difference in the contents of flavonic heterosids and flavones-flavonols. PCA and CA showed a strong intra-specific variability of M. deserti De Noé individuals. Our results showed that the ExDiEth, ExBut and ExHyD treatments prevented the increase of paw oedema by 56.25%, 66.65% and 45.56% inhibition percent, respectively. Moreover, treatments with these extracts significantly (p<0.05) decreased the number of writhing and increased the reaction time to thermal stimulation as well as demonstrated reduction in paw licking time both at early and late phases. Likewise, they also showed a significant reduction of yeast-induced pyrexia till 4 h of treatment. CONCLUSION Results from this study show that M. deserti De Noé aerial parts exhibited anti-inflammatory, analgesic with central and peripheral actions and antipyretic activities which could be associated with the presence of some phytochemicals as flavones, flavonols, flavonic heterosids and phenolic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somia Saad
- Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Techniques sur les Régions Aride (CRSTRA), Biskra, Algeria; Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Zones Arides (LRZA), Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP32 El-Alia, 16111 Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria.
| | - Saida Ouafi
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Zones Arides (LRZA), Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP32 El-Alia, 16111 Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria.
| | - Hassina Meguellati
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Zones Arides (LRZA), Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP32 El-Alia, 16111 Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria.
| | - Nadjette Djemouai
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Zones Arides (LRZA), Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP32 El-Alia, 16111 Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria; Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre, Université de Ghardaïa, BP 455, Ghardaïa, 47000, Algeria; Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, B.P. 92, 16 050, Kouba, Alger, Algeria.
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Abbasi N, Fattahi M, Ghosta Y, Sefidkon F. Volatile compounds and antifungal activity of Dracocephalum moldavica L. at different phenological stages. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2021.1975577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nesa Abbasi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohammad Fattahi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Youbert Ghosta
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sefidkon
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
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Essential Oils from Thymus capitatus and Thymus algeriensis as Antimicrobial Agents to Control Pathogenic and Spoilage Bacteria in Ground Meat. J FOOD QUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/5599374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibacterial effects of essential oils (EOs) extracted from Thymus capitatus and Thymus algeriensis were assessed and evaluated against four pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC 19118), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), and Salmonella typhimurium (ATCC 1402)) and one spoilage bacterium (Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853)). Both investigated EOs presented significant antimicrobial activities against all tested bacteria with a greater antibacterial effect of T. capitatus EO. In fact, the results indicated that the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of T. capitatus EO are in the range of 0.006–0.012% and 0.012–0.025%, respectively, while those of T. algeriensis EO ranged between 0.012 and 0.025% and 0.05%, respectively. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of both EOs were appraised against the spoilage bacterium P. aeruginosa, inoculated in minced beef meat, at two different loads (105 and 108 CFU) mixed with different concentrations of EOs (0.01, 0.05, 1, and 3%) and stored at 4°C for 15 days. The obtained data demonstrated that the antibacterial effect of tested EOs varies significantly in regard to the levels of meat contamination and the concentrations of EOs. In fact, in the presence of 0.01 and 0.05% of oils, a decrease in bacterial growth
was observed; but, such an effect was more pronounced in the presence of higher concentrations of EOs (1 and 3%), regardless the level of meat contamination. Besides, at the low contamination level, both EOs exerted a rapid and a more pronounced antibacterial effect, as compared to the high contamination level. The results illustrated the efficacy of both EOs as preservatives in food against well-known pathogens of food-borne diseases and food spoilage, particularly in P. aeruginosa in beef meat. As regards sensory evaluation, the presence of T. capitatus EO proved to improve the sensory quality of minced beef meat.
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Variation in Chemical Composition and Effective Antibacterial Potential of Ocimum basilicum L. Essential Oil Harvested from Different Regions of Saudi Arabia. Pharm Chem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-021-02384-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Khanahmadi F, Rahimmalek M, Sabzalian MR, Tohidi B. Variation of Essential Oil Content and Composition, Phenolics, and Yield Related Traits Using Different Pollination Systems in Populations of Thymus Species. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100097. [PMID: 33932313 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The production of self-pollinated plants could be important for improving medicinal plants secondary metabolites. In this study, 11 Thymus populations from eight species were evaluated to determine the effect of self and open pollination on agro-morphological characteristics, total phenolic content (TPC), essential oil (EO) content, and EO components. Inbreeding led to some positive effects of above mentioned traits in most of the studied populations. Total phenolic content ranged from 7.07 to 52.69 mg tannic acid equivalents (TAE) g-1 dry weight (DW) in open pollinated derived populations, while it varied from 1.2 to 55.03 mg TAE g-1 DW in self-pollinated ones. Under open and self-pollination condition, the highest EO content was obtained in T. trautvetteri (3.37 %) and T. pubescens (1.96 %), respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) identified 42 compounds including thymol, carvacrol, linalool, p-cymene, γ-terpinene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol as the main compounds. In most cases, selfed plants compared to open pollinated ones, revealed higher thymol content. T. daenensis-1 showed a significant increase in thymol content (from 25.22 % to 74.3 %) due to self-pollination. Moreover, self-pollination led to emergence of some new compounds. Carvacrol methyl ether was the constituents of Thymus EO that are being reported in self-pollinated populations. Finally, inbreeding in Thymus might be suggested as a useful tool to increase genetic homogeneity for the selection of superior plants for improving secondary metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faranak Khanahmadi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156 83111, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahimmalek
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156 83111, Iran.,Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156 83111, Iran
| | - Mohammad R Sabzalian
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156 83111, Iran
| | - Behnaz Tohidi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156 83111, Iran
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Pandey AK, Chávez-González ML, Silva AS, Singh P. Essential oils from the genus Thymus as antimicrobial food preservatives: Progress in their use as nanoemulsions-a new paradigm. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Torres-Santos PT, Farias IF, Almeida MD, Passos GS, Ribeiro LAA, Rolim LA, Pontes MC, Almeida JRGS, Horta MC. Acaricidal efficacy and chemical study of hexane extracts of the leaves of Neoglaziovia variegata (Bromeliaceae) against the tick Rhipicephalus microplus. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2021; 84:263-270. [PMID: 33860415 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-021-00611-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The frequent use of acaricides against the tick Rhipicephalus microplus increases the risk of development of resistance. Recent studies have revealed that Neoglaziovia variegata, an indigenous plant species known in Brazil as 'caroá', has a deleterious effect against R. microplus. In the current study, extracts of N. variegata were studied for their possible acaricidal properties. A hexane extract of N. variegata leaves was fractionated in a chromatography column and the fractions were tested in adult tick immersion tests in triplicate using three concentrations (5, 10 and 25 mg/ml). All the fractions had harmful effects on the ticks. However, three fractions were more efficaceous. Phytochemical analysis indicated that stigmast-5-en-3-ol and stigmastanol were most abundant; they might be responsible for the acaricidal effects, making them potentially useful as alternative agents to control the tick R. microplus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula T Torres-Santos
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ila F Farias
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Mainara D Almeida
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Gleisiane S Passos
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Luciano A A Ribeiro
- Collegiate of Pharmacy, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Larissa A Rolim
- Collegiate of Pharmacy, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Michelle C Pontes
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Jackson R G S Almeida
- Collegiate of Pharmacy, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Mauricio C Horta
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Taghvaeefard N, Ghani A, Hosseinifarahi M. Comparative study of phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of flavedo from two Iranian citron fruit (Citrus medica L.). JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Aladağ MO, Özcan MM, Ergin S. Inhibitory effect of some spice essential oils on growth of some gram‐negative and gram‐positive bacteria and a yeast. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Onur Aladağ
- Department of Medicinal Laboratory Vocational School of Health ServicesSelcuk University Konya Turkey
| | - Mehmet Musa Özcan
- Department of Food Engineering Faculty of Agriculture Selcuk University Konya Turkey
| | - Seyma Ergin
- Institute of Health SciencesSelcuk University Konya Turkey
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Pandey A, Jaiswal D, Agrawal SB. Ultraviolet-B mediated biochemical and metabolic responses of a medicinal plant Adhatoda vasica Nees. at different growth stages. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2021; 216:112142. [PMID: 33592357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of elevated UV-B (eUVB; ambient ± 7.2 kJ m-2 day-1) were evaluated on the biochemical and metabolic profile of Adhatoda vasica Nees. (an indigenous medicinal plant) at different growth stages. The results showed reduction in superoxide radical production rate, whereas increase in the content of hydrogen peroxide which was also substantiated by the histochemical localization. Malondialdehyde content, which is a measure of oxidative stress, did not show significant changes at any of the growth stages however photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content showed reduction at all growth stages under eUV-B exposure. Increased activities of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were noticed except ascorbic acid, which was reduced under eUV-B exposure. The metabolic profile of A. vasica revealed 43 major compounds (assigned under different classes) at different growth stages. Triterpenes, phytosterols, unsaturated fatty acids, diterpenes, tocopherols, and alkaloids showed increment, whereas reduction in saturated fatty acids and sesquiterpenes were observed under eUV-B treatment. Vasicinone and vasicoline, the two important alkaloids of A. vasica, showed significant induction under eUV-B exposure as compared to control. Treatment of eUV-B leads to the synthesis of some new compounds, such as oridonin oxide (diterpene) and α-Bisabolol oxide-B (sesquiterpene), which possess potent anti-inflammatory and anticancerous activities. The study displayed that differential crosstalk between antioxidants and secondary metabolites at different growth stages, were responsible for providing protection to A. vasica against eUV-B induced oxidative stress and enhancing its medicinal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avantika Pandey
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Deepanshi Jaiswal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan Agrawal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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Terry MI, Ruiz-Hernández V, Águila DJ, Weiss J, Egea-Cortines M. The Effect of Post-harvest Conditions in Narcissus sp. Cut Flowers Scent Profile. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:540821. [PMID: 33488635 PMCID: PMC7817618 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.540821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Narcissus flowers are used as cut flowers and to obtain high quality essential oils for the perfume industry. As a winter crop in the Mediterranean area, it flowers at temperatures ranging between 10 and 15°C during the day and 3-10°C during the night. Here we tested the impact of different light and temperature conditions on scent quality during post-harvest. These two types of thermoperiod and photoperiod. We also used constant darkness and constant temperatures. We found that under conditions of 12:12 Light Dark and 15-5°C, Narcissus emitted monoterpenes and phenylpropanoids. Increasing the temperature to 20°-10°C in a 12:12 LD cycle caused the loss of cinnamyl acetate and emission of indole. Under constant dark, there was a loss of scent complexity. Constant temperatures of 20°C caused a decrease of scent complexity that was more dramatic at 5°C, when the total number of compounds emitted decreased from thirteen to six. Distance analysis confirmed that 20°C constant temperature causes the most divergent scent profile. We found a set of four volatiles, benzyl acetate, eucalyptol, linalool, and ocimene that display a robust production under differing environmental conditions, while others were consistently dependent on light or thermoperiod. Scent emission changed significantly during the day and between different light and temperature treatments. Under a light:dark cycle and 15-5°C the maximum was detected during the light phase but this peak shifted toward night under 20-10°C. Moreover, under constant darkness the peak occurred at midnight and under constant temperature, at the end of night. Using Machine Learning we found that indole was the volatile with a highest ranking of discrimination followed by D-limonene. Our results indicate that light and temperature regimes play a critical role in scent quality. The richest scent profile is obtained by keeping flowers at 15°-5°C thermoperiod and a 12:12 Light Dark photoperiod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta I. Terry
- Genética Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | | | - Diego J. Águila
- Las Cabezuelas Sociedad Cooperativa, Alhama de Murcia, Spain
| | - Julia Weiss
- Genética Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Marcos Egea-Cortines
- Genética Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
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Boukada F, Meddah B. Flavonoids from aerial part of Algerian Ajuga iva (L.) schreb.: The HPLC-UV analysis and Antioxidant capacity. KRAGUJEVAC JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/kgjsci2143023b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The study deals with the evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of extracts from the aerial part of Algerian Ajuga iva. Extraction of flavonoids was carried out by 85% of methanol, then the crude extract was successively separated with ethyl acetate, butanol, and water. The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, reducing power, and thiobarbituric acid reacting substances assays. Extracts are subject to HPLC-UV analysis. The average total phenol contents of extracts vary between 3.87 ± 0.17 and 149.74 ± 3.94 (gallic acid equivalent per gram of dry extract). Furthermore, tested extracts exhibited a broad range of flavonoid contents varying from 1.54 ± 0.09 to 41.18 ± 1.03 (catechin equivalent per gram of dry extract). Butanol and ethyl acetate fractions displayed the highest antioxidant activity. A good correlation between the phenolic and flavonoid contents and the antioxidant activity was observed. Rutin, caffeic acid, quercetin, p-coumaric acid, luteolin, and cinnamic acid were present in the extracts. The plant could be a potential source of antioxidant agents.
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alamholo M. Investigation of Chemical Composition, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Thymus daenensis and Thymus eriocalyx Essential Oils against Human Pathogenic Bacteria. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2020. [DOI: 10.29252/jommid.8.4.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Oubihi A, Ouryemchi I, Nounah I, Tarfaoui K, Harhar H, Ouhssine M, Guessous Z. Chemical composition, antibacterial and antifungal activities of Thymus leptobotrys Murb essential oil. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-020-00488-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Thymus musilii Velen. as a promising source of potent bioactive compounds with its pharmacological properties: In vitro and in silico analysis. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Herbicidal Activity of Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. Essential Oil. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122832. [PMID: 32575453 PMCID: PMC7357079 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The bioherbicidal potential of Thymbra capitata (L.) Cav. essential oil (EO) and its main compound carvacrol was investigated. In in vitro assays, the EO blocked the germination and seedling growth of Erigeron canadensis L., Sonchus oleraceus (L.) L., and Chenopodium album L. at 0.125 µL/mL, of Setaria verticillata (L.) P.Beauv., Avena fatua L., and Solanum nigrum L. at 0.5 µL/mL, of Amaranthus retroflexus L. at 1 µL/mL and of Portulaca oleracea L., and Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv. at 2 µL/mL. Under greenhouse conditions, T. capitata EO was tested towards the emergent weeds from a soil seedbank in pre and post emergence, showing strong herbicidal potential in both assays at 4 µL/mL. In addition, T. capitata EO, applied by spraying, was tested against P. oleracea, A. fatua and E. crus-galli. The species showed different sensibility to the EO, being E. crus-galli the most resistant. Experiments were performed against A. fatua testing T. capitata EO and carvacrol applied by spraying or by irrigation. It was verified that the EO was more active at the same doses in monocotyledons applied by irrigation and in dicotyledons applied by spraying. Carvacrol effects on Arabidopsis root morphology were also studied.
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Goyal S, Pathak R, Pandey HK, Kumari A, Tewari G, Bhandari NS, Bala M. Comparative study of the volatile constituents of Thymus serpyllum L. grown at different altitudes of Western Himalayas. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2938-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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Chemical Composition, Antibacterial and Radical Scavenging Activity of Essential Oils from Satureja macrantha C.A.Mey. at Different Growth Stages. Foods 2020; 9:foods9040494. [PMID: 32295101 PMCID: PMC7230864 DOI: 10.3390/foods9040494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) from medicinal and aromatic plants are interesting products to be used as natural food preservatives. The EOs from the genus Satureja are reported to inhibit foodborne pathogens being worthy of use as food preservatives. Satureja macrantha is found in Western and Northwest Iran and commonly used as a food flavoring agent and for the treatment of urinary diseases. The objective of the present study was to identify the chemical composition of S. macrantha EOs at different growth stages (vegetative, flowering and fruiting stages) and to evaluate their biological activities. Chemical compositions were analyzed using GC-FID and GC-MS. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using the broth microdilution method against the foodborne pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC23922), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC29212) (Gram-positive), Enterobacter aerogenes (ATCC13046) and Escherichia coli. The antioxidant activity was estimated using the DPPH, ABTS and reducing power assays. The yields of S. macrantha EOs were in the range of 1.4–1.8%, thus scalable for the manufacture of food preservatives on an industrial level. The main compounds of EOs were carvacrol (42.7–48.2%), thymol (0.2–16.5%), p-cymene (10.1–14.7%) and γ-terpinene (7.9–9.1%) in all phenological stages examined. The strongest antibacterial activity (MICs = 5–20 µg/mL) of the EOs was recorded in samples obtained during the flowering stage where carvacrol (42.7%) and thymol (16.5) were present both at high percentages. On the other hand, the antioxidant activity was found to be slightly higher in the other stages. As the EO obtained at flowering showed the best inhibitory properties against foodborne pathogenic bacteria, it is suggested that plants at this stage can be selected as main sources of food preservative agents.
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Karimi A, Krähmer A, Herwig N, Schulz H, Hadian J, Meiners T. Variation of Secondary Metabolite Profile of Zataria multiflora Boiss. Populations Linked to Geographic, Climatic, and Edaphic Factors. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:969. [PMID: 32719699 PMCID: PMC7348666 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Geographic location and connected environmental and edaphic factors like temperature, rainfall, soil type, and composition influence the presence and the total content of specific plant compounds as well as the presence of a certain chemotype. This study evaluated whether geographic, edaphic, and climatic information can be utilized to predict the presence of specific compounds from medicinal or aromatic plants. Furthermore, we tested rapid analytical methods based on near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) coupled with gas chromatography/flame ionization (GC/FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analytical methods for characterization and classification metabolite profiling of Zataria multiflora Boiss. populations. Z. multiflora is an aromatic, perennial plant with interesting pharmacological and biological properties. It is widely dispersed in Iran as well as in Pakistan and Afghanistan. Here, we studied the effect of environmental factors on essential oil (EO) content and the composition and distribution of chemotypes. Our results indicate that this species grows predominantly in areas rich in calcium, iron, potassium, and aluminum, with mean rainfall of 40.46 to 302.72 mm·year-1 and mean annual temperature of 14.90°C to 28.80°C. EO content ranged from 2.75% to 5.89%. Carvacrol (10.56-73.31%), thymol (3.51-48.12%), linalool (0.90-55.38%), and p-cymene (1.66-13.96%) were the major constituents, which classified 14 populations into three chemotypes. Corresponding to the phytochemical cluster analysis, the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) based on NIR data also recognized the carvacrol, thymol, and linalool chemotypes. Hence, NIR has the potential to be applied as a useful tool to determine rapidly the chemotypes of Z. multiflora and similar herbs. EO and EO constituent content correlated with different geographic location, climate, and edaphic factors. The structural equation models (SEMs) approach revealed direct effects of soil factors (texture, phosphor, pH) and mostly indirect effects of latitude and altitude directly affecting, e.g., soil factors. Our approach of identifying environmental predictors for EO content, chemotype or presence of high amounts of specific compounds can help to select regions for sampling plant material with the desired chemical profile for direct use or for breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Karimi
- Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Julius Kühn Institute, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ali Karimi, ; Torsten Meiners,
| | - Andrea Krähmer
- Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Julius Kühn Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Herwig
- Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Julius Kühn Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartwig Schulz
- Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Julius Kühn Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Javad Hadian
- Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drug Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Torsten Meiners
- Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Julius Kühn Institute, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ali Karimi, ; Torsten Meiners,
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Rašković AL, Kvrgić MP, Tomas AD, Stilinović NP, Čabarkapa VS, Stojšić-Milosavljević AÐ, Kusturica MNP, Rakić DB. Antinociceptive activity of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and interactions with neurotropics and analgesics. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902020000318819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Jedidi S, Selmi H, Aloui F, Rtibi K, Jridi M, Abbes C, Sebai H. Comparative Studies of Phytochemical Screening, HPLC‐PDA‐ESI‐MS/MS‐LC/HR‐ESI‐MS Analysis, Antioxidant Capacity andin VitroFermentation of Officinal Sage (Salvia officinalisL.) Cultivated in Different Biotopes of Northwestern Tunisia. Chem Biodivers 2019; 17:e1900394. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saber Jedidi
- Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-RessourcesUniversité de JendoubaInstitut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja Avenue Habib Bourguiba, B.P. 382 9000 Béja Tunisie
- Laboratoire des Ressources Sylvo-PastoralesUniversité de JendoubaInstitut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka B.P. 345 8110 Tabarka Tunisie
- Université de CarthageFaculté des Sciences de Bizerte 7021 Jarzouna Tunisie
| | - Houcine Selmi
- Laboratoire des Ressources Sylvo-PastoralesUniversité de JendoubaInstitut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka B.P. 345 8110 Tabarka Tunisie
| | - Foued Aloui
- Laboratoire des Ressources Sylvo-PastoralesUniversité de JendoubaInstitut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka B.P. 345 8110 Tabarka Tunisie
| | - Kais Rtibi
- Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-RessourcesUniversité de JendoubaInstitut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja Avenue Habib Bourguiba, B.P. 382 9000 Béja Tunisie
| | - Mourad Jridi
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de MicrobiologieEcole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de SfaxUniversité de Sfax B.P. 1173 3038 Sfax Tunisie
| | - Chaâbane Abbes
- Laboratoire des Ressources Sylvo-PastoralesUniversité de JendoubaInstitut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka B.P. 345 8110 Tabarka Tunisie
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-RessourcesUniversité de JendoubaInstitut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja Avenue Habib Bourguiba, B.P. 382 9000 Béja Tunisie
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Khalid KA. Harvest stages and their influences on Lantana camara L. essential oil. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Differentiation of Phenolic Composition Among Tunisian Thymus algeriensis Boiss. et Reut. ( Lamiaceae) Populations: Correlation to Bioactive Activities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8110515. [PMID: 31661910 PMCID: PMC6912602 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
: Twelve Tunisian Thymus algeriensis populations growing wild in different bioclimatic zones, extending from the subhumid to the upper-arid bioclimates, were compared regarding their phenolic composition and their ability to serve as antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase, and antibacterial agents. A significant variation of phenol profile was observed between the analyzed populations, as assessed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector and an electrospray mass spectrometer (UHPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn) technique. Rosmarinic acid was the main phenolic compound in most populations (383.8-1157.8 µg/mL extract), but still, those from the upper-arid bioclimatic zone were distinguished by the presence of carvacrol (1374.7 and 2221.6 µg/mL extract), which was absent in the remaining ones. T. algeriensis methanolic extracts were found to possess a substantial antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities, with significant variation observed between populations, which were correlated to their phenolic contents. The antibacterial activity of the extracts tested against seven bacteria was revealed only by populations collected from upper-arid bioclimate and mainly associated with the presence of carvacrol. Extracts revealed a bacteriostatic effect against all bacteria (MIC = 1.4 mg/mL). Yet, the bactericidal activity (MBC = 1.4mg/mL) was restricted to the gram-negative bacteria Escherchia coli.
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Tohidi B, Rahimmalek M, Arzani A, Sabzalian MR. Thymol, carvacrol, and antioxidant accumulation in Thymus species in response to different light spectra emitted by light-emitting diodes. Food Chem 2019; 307:125521. [PMID: 31655264 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The essential oils and antioxidant activity of four Thymus species were evaluated under five light spectra (namely, red, blue, red-blue, white, and greenhouse condition). The highest essential oil yield (4.17%) was observed under red light in T. migricus, while the lowest (1.05%) was observed in T. carmanicus under greenhouse conditions. Light quality also led to difference in essential oil constituents. The highest thymol (66%) was found in T. migricus exposed to blue light, while the least (1.69%) was observed in T. kotschyanus grown under red-blue light. The LED treatments did not induce any significant effect on carvacrol of Thymus species in comparison to the greenhouse condition. Finally, the analysis of variance indicates that the effect of light varied with the studied species. T. migricus performed the highest antioxidant capacity (IC50 = 176.8 µg/mL) under blue light. Overall, essential oil components as well as antioxidants showed significant responses to light emitting diodes wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Tohidi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahimmalek
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Arzani
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111, Iran
| | - Mohammad R Sabzalian
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111, Iran
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Hu J, Jia M, Zhu L. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oil from Wedelia urticifolia growing wild in Hunan Province, China. Nat Prod Res 2019; 33:2685-2688. [PMID: 29668311 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1460830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The essential oil obtained from Wedelia urticifolia growing in Hunan Province, China, was analyzed for the first time by capillary GC and GC-MS. A total of 67 constituents, representing 98.68% in essential oil were identified. The major constituents of the oil were: α-pinene (8.85%), limonene (6.38%), carvacrol (6.15%), caryophyllene (6.08%), spathulenol (5.49%), sabinene (5.36%), camphor (4.34%). Antimicrobial potential of oil against bacterial strains (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus), yeast strains (Hansenula anomala and Saccharomy cescerevisiae) and molds (Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosum, Mucor racemosus, and Monascus anka) was determined by disc diffusion method and broth micro dilution method, respectively. The oil exhibited promising antimicrobial effect as a diameter of zones of inhibition (16.8-24.9 mm). Minimum inhibitory concentration values of oil were ranged 62.5-1000 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Hu
- a School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Mengmeng Jia
- a School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Liang Zhu
- a School of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
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Ju J, Xie Y, Guo Y, Cheng Y, Qian H, Yao W. Application of starch microcapsules containing essential oil in food preservation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 60:2825-2836. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1503590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yunfei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weirong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Rabiei B, Bahador S, Kordrostami M. The expression of monoterpene synthase genes and their respective end products are affected by gibberellic acid in Thymus vulgaris. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 230:101-108. [PMID: 30368030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Thymus vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae), a well-known aromatic medicinal herb, has many important essential constituents in its oil, including γ-terpinene, carvacrol, thymol, and p-cymene. Gibberellins comprise hundreds of components, which regulate several various growths and underlying developmental processes, such as cell division and elongation, shoot elongation, seed germination, and gene expression. In this study, we investigated the influence of sprayed gibberellic acid (GA3) treatments on the internode length, leaf morphology, length of new shoot, expression of monoterpene synthase genes and monoterpenes content during two plant growth stages. Our results showed that increasing of internode length was a clear effect of GA3 that was varied with internode position. The results also showed that all internodes displayed a dramatic increase in the highest concentration of GA3. Also, the foliar application of GA3 resulted in not only an increased expression level of monoterpene synthase genes, but also the improved production of a monoterpene, especially in the moderate concentration of GA3 that they were up-regulated. In the lowest GA3 concentrations, relative expression levels were similar or lower than the control plants and a notable downregulation in those genes was observed in the application of the highest concentration of GA3 rather than the moderate concentrations. Overall, the expression of two out of five monoterpene synthase genes, TPS and CYP71D181, showed a correlation with the level of γ-terpinene and carvacrol, respectively, indicating that they are regulated at the transcriptional levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Rabiei
- Dept. of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, P.O. Box: 41635-1314, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Somaye Bahador
- Dept. of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, P.O Box: 41635-1314, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kordrostami
- Dept. of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, P.O Box: 41635-1314, Rasht, Iran; Rice Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran
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36
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Guo JJ, Gao ZP, Xia JL, Ritenour MA, Li GY, Shan Y. Comparative analysis of chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of citrus essential oils from the main cultivated varieties in China. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Damtie D, Braunberger C, Conrad J, Mekonnen Y, Beifuss U. Composition and hepatoprotective activity of essential oils from Ethiopian thyme species (Thymus serrulatus and Thymus schimperi). JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2018.1512907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Destaw Damtie
- Department of Biology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Jürgen Conrad
- Institute of Chemistry, Hohenheim University, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Beifuss
- Institute of Chemistry, Hohenheim University, Stuttgart, Germany
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Aberrane S, Djouahri A, Djerrad Z, Saka B, Benseradj F, Aitmoussa S, Sabaou N, Baaliouamer A, Boudarene L. Changes in essential oil composition of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (Forssk.) A. Juss. aerial parts according to the developmental stage of growth and incidence on the biological activities. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2018.1511483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sihem Aberrane
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Functional Organic Analysis, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology (U.S.T.H.B), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Abderrahmane Djouahri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Functional Organic Analysis, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology (U.S.T.H.B), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Zineb Djerrad
- Department of Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Vegetal Ecology and Environment, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology (USTHB), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Boualem Saka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Functional Organic Analysis, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology (U.S.T.H.B), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Fadhela Benseradj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Functional Organic Analysis, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology (U.S.T.H.B), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Samira Aitmoussa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Functional Organic Analysis, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology (U.S.T.H.B), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Nasserdine Sabaou
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Biology of the Microbial Systems, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, Kouba-Algiers, Algeria
| | - Aoumeur Baaliouamer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Functional Organic Analysis, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology (U.S.T.H.B), Algiers, Algeria
- Scientific and Technical Research Center in Physico-Chemical Analyses (CRAPC), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Lynda Boudarene
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Functional Organic Analysis, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology (U.S.T.H.B), Algiers, Algeria
- Scientific and Technical Research Center in Physico-Chemical Analyses (CRAPC), Algiers, Algeria
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Honari N, Pouraboli I, Gharbi S. Antihyperglycemic property and insulin secreting activity of hydroalcoholic shoot extract of Thymus caramanicus Jalas: A wild predominant source of food additive in folk medicine. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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40
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Esghaei M, Ghaffari H, Rahimi Esboei B, Ebrahimi Tapeh Z, Bokharaei Salim F, Motevalian M. Evaluation of Anticancer Activity of Camellia Sinensis in the Caco-2 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:1697-1701. [PMID: 29938468 PMCID: PMC6103574 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.6.1697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is widespread across the world. While conventional anticancer treatments can help the affected patients, cells of vital organs such as the kidney, lungs, bladder and nervous system may suffer from side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, so that it is necessary to search for alternatives. From ancient times, attention has focused on medicinal plants and natural products. In the current work, Camellia sinensis, whose leaves are used to produce green tea was evaluated for anticancer effects in cell culture. Materials and Methods: A hydroalcoholic extract of Camellia sinensis young leaves was prepared by percolation and compared with Cisplatin as a known anticancer drug for effects on two cell lines: Caco-2, colon carcinoma cells, and mouse normal fibroblasts (L929). Cytotoxicity of 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 µg/ml of Camellia sinensis extract was evaluated by MTT assay and aquaporin 5 (AQP5), detected as a biomarker for surviving cells using immunofluorescence microscopy. Results: MTT assays with hydroalcoholic extract of Camellia sinensis showed considerable inhibition of growth of Caco-2 cells, significant at 800 µg/ml (P<0.05), with little effect on L929 cells. Levels of aquaporin 5 protein decreased in Caco-2 cell culture following green tea extract treatment. Conclusion: According to the results of the current study, Camellia sinensis is a medicinal plant with potent anticancer influence which might be specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Esghaei
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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41
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Mozafari AA, Vafaee Y, Shahyad M. Phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant potential of Cynodon dactylon leaf and rhizome extracts as affected by drying methods and temperatures. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018; 55:2220-2229. [PMID: 29892123 PMCID: PMC5976607 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The effect of five drying methods including shade drying (SHD), solar drying (SOD), and oven drying at 30 (OD30), 40 (OD40) and 50 °C (OD50) on the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of C. dactylon leaf and rhizome was assessed. Among drying methods, OD50 resulted in the shortest drying time (18.3 and 12 h for rhizome and leaf, respectively), when compared with SHD and SOD. Based on GC-MS analyses, 15 and 17 constituents were identified in leaf and rhizome extracts, respectively, accounting for ~ 99% of all components. Fatty acids (palmitic acid and linoleic acid) along with their methyl esters (ethyl palmitate, ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate) and other derivatives (dihomo-γ-linoleic acid) were the main identified constituents shortly after drying procedures; however, other components such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, maltol, retinol and phytol were also traced. Some of C. dactylon phytochemicals including 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and ethyl linoleate were sensitive to high drying temperatures. Besides, higher drying temperatures lead to the production or increasing the level of substances such as 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran, tricyclopentadeca-3,7-dien and 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one and diacetin. Based on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, the IC50 values were generally higher (significance level of 0.05) for oven-dried rhizome compared with shade-dried leaves and rhizomes that quenched more than 84% of the DPPH at the concentration of 400 mg/ml (IC50 59.12). Our findings suggest that OD30 is a versatile drying method not only to reduce drying time but also to preserve the main phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of C. dactylon during dehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Mozafari
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 66177-15175 Iran
| | - Yavar Vafaee
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 66177-15175 Iran
| | - Mohammad Shahyad
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 66177-15175 Iran
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Boroujeni LS, Hojjatoleslamy M. Using Thymus carmanicus and Myrtus communis essential oils to enhance the physicochemical properties of potato chips. Food Sci Nutr 2018; 6:1006-1014. [PMID: 29983964 PMCID: PMC6021700 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effects of the essential oils of Myrtus communis leaves and Thymus caramanicus aerial parts in order to improve the physicochemical properties of potato chips. Sunflower oil without any antioxidant (control group) was fortified with BHA or TBHQ antioxidants (200 ppm), and M. communis or T. caramanicus essential oils (3,000 ppm). The effects of the antioxidant behavior of these compounds on the physicochemical properties of potato chips were analyzed by measuring peroxide value (PV), acid value (AV), and thiobarbituric acid (TBA). In addition, changes occurring in oxidation stability, texture, and color were evaluated. The results revealed that samples containing either M. communis or T. carmanicus showed a significant decrease in PV, as compared to the control sample. Compared with the control, the extracted oil of potato chips with M. communis or T. carmanicus led to the significant reduction in AV (p < .05). The results also revealed the addition of the essential oils of M. communis or T. carmanicus was obviously effective in preventing the TBA increasing value. Based on the results obtained by the Rancimat test, either T. carmanicus or M. communis essential oils could significantly increase the shelf-life of potato chips, as compared with the control sample (p < .05). The hardness of potato chips was decreased in M. communis or T. carmanicus groups (p < .05), as compared to the control sample. Neither M. communis nor T. carmanicus essential oils had any negative effects on the lightness values, as compared to the control (p > .05). Based on the results, the physicochemical properties of potato chips could be improved with the addition of these essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Sedaghat Boroujeni
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyScience and Research branchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mohammad Hojjatoleslamy
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyIslamic Azad UniversityShahrekord branchShahrekordIran
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Pourhosseini SH, Hadian J, Sonboli A, Nejad Ebrahimi S, Mirjalili MH. Genetic and Chemical Diversity in Perovskia abrotanoides Kar. (Lamiaceae) Populations Based on ISSRs Markers and Essential Oils Profile. Chem Biodivers 2018; 15:e1700508. [PMID: 29350879 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Genetic and the essential oil composition variability among twelve Perovskia abrotanoides populations (PAbPs) growing wild in Iran were assessed by ISSR markers, GC-FID and GC/MS, respectively. Nine selected ISSR primers produced 119 discernible bands, of them 96 (80.7%) being polymorphic. Genetic similarity values among populations ranged between 0.07 and 0.79 which indicated a high level of genetic variation. Polymorphic information content, resolving power and marker index generated by ISSR primers were, 0.31, 6.14, and 3.32, respectively. UPGMA grouped PAbPs into four main clusters. Altogether, 38 chemical compounds were identified in the oils, and a relatively high variation in their contents was found. Camphor (11.9 - 27.5%), 1,8-cineole (11.3 - 21.3%), α-bisabolol (0.0 - 13.1%), α-pinene (5.9 - 10.8%), and δ-3-carene (0.1 - 10.5%) were the major compounds. Oxygenated monoterpenes (32.1 - 35.8%) and monoterpene hydrocarbons (25.7 - 30.4%) were the main groups of compounds in the oils studied. Cluster analysis and principal-component analysis were used to characterize the samples according to oil components. Four main chemotypes were found to be Chemotype I (camphor/1,8-cineol), Chemotype II (1,8-cineole/camphor), Chemotype III (camphor/1,8-cineol/α-bisabolol), and Chemotype IV (camphor/δ-3-carene/α-bisabolol). The information, provided here on P. abrotanoides populations, will be useful to introduce this plant into agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Hossein Pourhosseini
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Hadian
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sonboli
- Department of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samad Nejad Ebrahimi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Mirjalili
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., Evin, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
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Parki A, Chaubey P, Prakash O, Kumar R, Pant AK. Seasonal Variation in Essential Oil Compositions and Antioxidant Properties of Acorus calamus L. Accessions. MEDICINES 2017; 4:medicines4040081. [PMID: 29117116 PMCID: PMC5750605 DOI: 10.3390/medicines4040081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Acorus calamus (Sweet flag) is a known herbal drug commonly used in traditional medicine. Our aim was to perform seasonal and altitudinal phytochemical screening to assess the antioxidant activity of the essential oils in the rhizome and leaves of A. calamus from three different altitudes. Methods: Phytochemical screening was performed using GC/MS analysis and in vitro antioxidant assay was done by different methods. Results: The essential oils mainly contained α-asarone, β-asarone (35.3–90.6%), and Z-isoelemicin (1.7–7.3%) as the major constituents, besides linalool, Z-methyl isoeugenol, shyobunone, kessane, etc. All the oils exhibited vast molecular diversity in terms of quantitative ingredients. All essential oils were studied for their antioxidant activity by different methods, including their effect on the DPPH radical-scavenging activity, reducing power, and chelating properties of Fe2+. The oils isolated in all the different seasons exhibited antioxidant activity as a function of concentration, with IC50 values ranging from 475.48 ± 0.08 to 11.72 ± 0.03 compared to standards. Conclusion: From the results obtained it can be inferred that the herb may be a good source of bioactive compounds and can work as an antioxidant to prevent oxidative deterioration in food. The data provide a basis for its in-situ investigation for judicious exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Parki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar U.S. Nagar-263145, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Pinky Chaubey
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar U.S. Nagar-263145, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Om Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar U.S. Nagar-263145, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Ravendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar U.S. Nagar-263145, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Anil K Pant
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar U.S. Nagar-263145, Uttarakhand, India.
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Morshedloo MR, Mumivand H, Craker LE, Maggi F. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils in
Origanum vulgare
subsp.
gracile
at different phenological stages and plant parts. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hasan Mumivand
- Department of Horticultural science, Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of LorestanLorestan Iran
| | - Lyle E. Craker
- Medicinal Plant Program, Stockbridge School of AgricultureUniversity of MassachusettsAmherst Massachusetts
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Botany UnitUniversity of Camerino, Sant'Agostino 1Camerino Italy
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46
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Tomi K, Kitao M, Murakami H, Matsumura Y, Hayashi T. Classification of lavender essential oils: sedative effects ofLavandulaoils. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2017.1377122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Tomi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
- Inabata Koryo Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Makiko Kitao
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
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47
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Fekrazad R, Afzali M, Pasban-Aliabadi H, Esmaeili-Mahani S, Aminizadeh M, Mostafavi A. Cytotoxic Effect of Thymus caramanicus Jalas on Human Oral Epidermoid Carcinoma KB Cells. Braz Dent J 2017; 28:72-77. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201700737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Identifying new chemotherapeutic agents with fewer side effects is a major concern for scientists today. Thymus caramanicus Jalas (Lamiaceae family) is one of the species of Thymus that grows wild in different regions of Iran. Traditionally, leaves of this plant are used in the treatment of diabetes, arthritis and cancer. Here was investigated the cytotoxic property of Thymus caramanicus essential oil and extract in human oral epidermoid carcinoma KB cells. Cell viability was measured by MTT and neutral red assays. The cells were exposed to different concentrations of essential oil (0.05-1 µL/mL) and extract (25-150 µg/mL) for 24 h. Doxorubicin was used as anticancer control drug. The data showed that the essential oil (IC50=0.44 µL/mL) and extract (IC50=105 µg/mL) induce potent cytotoxic property. Surprisingly, cytotoxic effects of essential oil and extract of this plant on KB cancer cells were greater than those on normal gingival HGF1-PI1 cell line. In addition, Thymus caramanicus could potentiate the effect of doxorubicin in sub-effective concentrations. The results of the present study indicate that essential oils and extracts of Thymus caramanicus have potential anti-proliferative property on KB cells and can be used as pharmaceutical case study for oral cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Fekrazad
- AJA University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Iran
| | - Mehrad Afzali
- Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Iran; AJA University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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48
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Djouahri A, Saka B, Boudarene L, Lamari L, Sabaou N, Baaliouamer A. Essential Oil Variability of Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast. Parts During Its Phenological Cycle and Incidence on the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities. Chem Biodivers 2016; 14. [PMID: 27583773 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The impact of phenological stages (vegetative, flowering and fruiting stages) on chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast. parts essential oils were investigated for the first time. GC and GC/MS analyses pointed to a quantitative variability of components; terpene hydrocarbons derivatives, represented by α-pinene (16.38 ± 0.19 - 31.78 ± 0.35%) and limonene (3.41 ± 0.07 - 9.49 ± 0.14%) as major components, predominate at the vegetative stage, whereas oxygenated derivatives, represented by camphor (16.11 ± 0.23 - 26.17 ± 0.29%) and bornyl acetate (15.21 ± 0.21 - 27.33 ± 0.33%) as major components, predominate at the fruiting stage. Furthermore, our findings showed that the plant parts collected at the fruiting stage possess the highest antioxidant activity and the best antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms, than plant parts collected at the vegetative and flowering stages. This highlighted variability reflects the high impact of phenological cycle on chemical composition and biological activities, which led to conclude that we should select essential oils to be investigated carefully depending on phenological stage, in order to have the highest effectiveness of essential oil in terms of biological activities for human health purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahmane Djouahri
- Laboratory of Functional Organic Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology (USTHB), El Alia, BP 32, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, 16111, Algeria
| | - Boualem Saka
- Laboratory of Functional Organic Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology (USTHB), El Alia, BP 32, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, 16111, Algeria
| | - Lynda Boudarene
- Laboratory of Functional Organic Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology (USTHB), El Alia, BP 32, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, 16111, Algeria.,Scientific and Technical Research Center in Physico-Chemical Analyses (CRAPC), BP 248, Alger RP, 16004, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Lynda Lamari
- Laboratory of Biology of the Microbial Systems, Department of Biology, Ecole Normale Supérieure El Bachir El Ibrahimi (E.N.S), Kouba-Alger, BP 92, Algeria
| | - Nasserdine Sabaou
- Laboratory of Biology of the Microbial Systems, Department of Biology, Ecole Normale Supérieure El Bachir El Ibrahimi (E.N.S), Kouba-Alger, BP 92, Algeria
| | - Aoumeur Baaliouamer
- Laboratory of Functional Organic Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Houari Boumediene University of Sciences and Technology (USTHB), El Alia, BP 32, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, 16111, Algeria.,Scientific and Technical Research Center in Physico-Chemical Analyses (CRAPC), BP 248, Alger RP, 16004, Algiers, Algeria
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49
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Vaičiulytė V, Butkienė R, Ložienė K. Effects of meteorological conditions and plant growth stage on the accumulation of carvacrol and its precursors in Thymus pulegioides. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2016; 128:20-26. [PMID: 27174744 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of meteorological conditions (temperature, rainfall, photosynthetically active solar radiation (PAR) and sunshine duration) and plant growth stages on the quantitative composition of a secondary metabolite - essential oil and its main compounds, in the carvacrol chemotype of Thymus pulegioides L. (Lamiaceae) cultivated in open ground were studied under the same micro-edaphoclimatic environmental conditions for six years. The essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation, the analysis of monoterpenic phenol carvacrol and the biogenetic precursors (monoterpene hydrocarbons p-cymene and γ-terpinene) were carried out annually using GC-FID and GC-MS. In the carvacrol chemotype investigated in this study, the yield of essential oil varied from 0.72% to 0.98% (CV = 12%) at full flowering stage. Regression analysis showed a significant negative relationship between the amount of essential oil and both temperature and rainfall during T. pulegioides flowering (July) and the period from April (beginning of vegetation) to July, but a strong positive relationship with photosynthetically active solar radiation during April-July (beta = 0.658, p < 0.05). The percentage of carvacrol, p-cymene and γ-terpinene ranged between 16.88 and 29.29% (CV = 18%), 5.54-11.33% (CV = 23%) and 20.60-24.43% (CV = 6%) respectively. Regression analysis showed the significant positive relationship between the percentage of carvacrol and sunshine duration at the flowering stage (in July) (beta = 0.699, p < 0.05); while the negative relationship was established between the percentages of precursors of carvacrol and photosynthetically active solar radiation and sunshine duration. The accumulation of p-cymene, the percentage of which varied most strongly from all investigated chemical compounds, showed significant positive relationships with temperature and rainfall during the period April-July and temperature in July (beta = 0.617, beta = 0.439 and beta = 0.429 respectively, p < 0.05). The analysis of plant growth stages showed that the highest amount of essential oil in carvacrol chemotype of T. pulegioides accumulated at ripening/seed maturity stage. The percentage of carvacrol increased gradually from the stem elongation to the post-flowering/seed maturity stage, overtaking the full flowering stage by 22%. The highest carvacrol content in the T. pulegioides carvacrol chemotype coincided with the highest oil yield during the fruiting stage. The amount of essential oil was also measured at the second full flowering stage, because after cutting the aerial part of the plant at the full flowering stage T. pulegioides often bloom for a second time: the carvacrol chemotype accumulated by 21% lower yield of essential oil at this stage compared to the first flowering, however, only traces of carvacrol and its precursors were found at the second full flowering stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaida Vaičiulytė
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Botany, Žaliųjų Ežerų Str. 49, Vilnius LT-08406, Lithuania.
| | - Rita Butkienė
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Botany, Žaliųjų Ežerų Str. 49, Vilnius LT-08406, Lithuania.
| | - Kristina Ložienė
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Botany, Žaliųjų Ežerų Str. 49, Vilnius LT-08406, Lithuania.
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50
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Alolofi H, El-Sayed M, Taha S. Clinical and radiographical evaluation of propolis and thymus vulgaris extracts compared with formocresol pulpotomy in human primary molars. BDJ Open 2016; 2:16005. [PMID: 29607066 PMCID: PMC5842867 DOI: 10.1038/bdjopen.2016.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives/aims: This study aimed to examine the success of vital pulpotomy using natural extracts on primary teeth. Materials and methods: The study was carried out on 60 primary molars in 20 children indicated for pulpotomy. Primary molars were treated with formocresol (20 teeth), propolis ethanolic extract (20 teeth) or thymus vulgaris ethanolic extract (20 teeth). Treated teeth were clinically and radiographically evaluated after 1, 6 and 12 months. Results: The clinical success of formocresol and propolis groups was 88.2%, whereas the thymus group showed 94.4% with no statistical significance difference. The radiographical success for formocresol and propolis was 73.3%, and thymus was 88.2% without any statistical significance difference detected. Conclusion: Promising clinical and radiographical success rates of propolis and thymus vulgaris obtained when compared with formocresol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Alolofi
- Orthodontic, Pediatric Dentistry & Prevention Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Manal El-Sayed
- Pediatric Dentistry & Public Health Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherine Taha
- Pediatric Dentistry & Public Health Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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