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Zhang H, Chen S, Wu S, You Y, Zhang K. The fate and potential hazards of chlorfenapyr and one metabolite tralopyril in cabbages: A comprehensive investigation. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101287. [PMID: 38524782 PMCID: PMC10957404 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The potential hazards of chlorfenapyr warrant attention owing to its widespread application on vegetables. A comprehensive investigation of the fate of chlorfenapyr in the ecosystem is imperative. This paper presents a method for detecting chlorfenapyr and tralopyril in cabbages, which exhibits good linearity (determination coefficients > 0.99) and satisfactory recoveries (82.50 %-108.03 %). Chlorfenapyr residues in cabbages demonstrate a positive correlation with its application dose and time. Tralopyril can inhibit the dissipation of chlorfenapyr, as evidenced by the half-lives of 5.67-11.14 d (chlorfenapyr) and 6.91-14.77 d (total chlorfenapyr). The results of terminal residues (<2.0 mg/kg) and dietary risk assessment (<100 %) suggest preharvest intervals of 14 d (greenhouse) and 10 d (open-field). Additionally, the uptake of chlorfenapyr in cabbages is limited (translocation factor < 1), while the downward translocation predominantly occurs through phloem transport. The findings provide valuable insights for understanding the fate and potential risks of chlorfenapyr in cabbages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shilin Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shaotao Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ye You
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Kankan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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An D, Ko R, Kim J, Lee K, Lee JH. Fungicide Dissipation Kinetics and Dietary Exposure Risk Assessment in Squash Fruit and Leaf. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061291. [PMID: 36981217 PMCID: PMC10048305 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The dissipation behavior and dietary exposure risk assessment of four fungicides (dimethomorph, mandipropamid, myclobutanil, and metalaxyl) was performed in fruits and leaves of squash grown under greenhouse conditions. Squash fruit and leaf samples were randomly collected at 0, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days after the last pesticide application. Analysis was performed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method was used for sample preparation. Recovery rates at two spiked levels (0.01 and 0.1 mg/kg) were found to be in the range of 76.4%-101.9% for the analyzed pesticides and their relative standard deviations were ≤4%. Pesticide half-lives were 2.1 and 4.9 days for dimethomorph, 4.6 and 8.1 days for mandipropamid, 4.7 and 8.2 days for myclobutanil, and 2.7 and 5 days for metalaxyl in squash fruit and leaf, respectively. Regarding the total surveyors, hazard quotient values for squash fruit and leaf were ≤1.03 × 10-3 and ≤2.39 × 10-3, respectively. These values in the case of true consumers were ≤3.14 × 10-3 and ≤3.91 × 10-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai An
- Korea Conformity Laboratories, Bio Division, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Rakdo Ko
- Korea Conformity Laboratories, Bio Division, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinchan Kim
- Korea Conformity Laboratories, Bio Division, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanghun Lee
- Korea Conformity Laboratories, Bio Division, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ho Lee
- Department of Crop Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Sun M, Yi X, Tong Z, Dong X, Chu Y, Meng D, Duan J. Residual Behavior and Dietary Risk Assessment of Chlorfenapyr and Its Metabolites in Radish. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020580. [PMID: 36677638 PMCID: PMC9866042 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Chlorfenapyr, as a highly effective and low-toxicity insect growth regulation inhibitor, has been used to control cross-cruciferous vegetable pests. However, the pesticide residue caused by its application threatens human health. In this paper, the residue digestion and final residue of chlorfenapyr in radish were studied in a field experiment. The results of the dynamic digestion test showed that the half-life of chlorfenapyr in radish leaves ranged from 6.0 to 6.4 days, and the digestion rate was fast. The median residual values of chlorfenapyr in radish and radish leaves at 14 days after treatment were 0.12 and 3.92 mg/kg, respectively. The results of the dietary intake risk assessment showed that the national estimated daily intake (NEDI) of chlorfenapyr in various populations in China were 0.373 and 5.66 µg/(kg bw·d), respectively. The risk entropy (RQ) was 0.012 and 0.147, respectively, indicating that the chronic dietary intake risk of chlorfenapyr in radish was low. The results of this study provided data support and a theoretical basis for guiding the scientific use of chlorfenapyr in radish production and evaluating the dietary risk of chlorfenapyr in vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingna Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xiaotong Yi
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Zhou Tong
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xu Dong
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yue Chu
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Dandan Meng
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jinsheng Duan
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China
- Correspondence:
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Saini RK, Shin Y, Ko R, Kim J, Lee K, An D, Chang HR, Lee JH. Dissipation Kinetics and Risk Assessment of Spirodiclofen and Tebufenpyrad in Aster scaber Thunb. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020242. [PMID: 36673334 PMCID: PMC9858338 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The dissipation kinetics of spirodiclofen and tebufenpyrad after their application on Aster scaber Thunb were studied for 10 days, including the pre-harvest intervals. Spirodiclofen and tebufenpyrad were used in two greenhouses in Taean-gun, Chungcheongnam province (Field 1) and Gwangyang-si, Jeollanam province (Field 2), Republic of Korea. Samples were taken at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 days after pesticide application. The method validations were performed utilizing liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The recoveries of the studied pesticides ranged from 82.0-115.9%. The biological half-lives of spirodiclofen and tebufenpyrad were 4.4 and 3.8 days in Field 1, and 4.5 and 4.2 days in Field 2, respectively. The pre-harvest residue limits (PHRLs; 10 days before harvesting) of Aster scaber were 37.6 mg/kg (Field 1) and 41.2 mg/kg (Field 2) for spirodiclofen, whereas the PHRLs were 7.2 (Field 1) and 3.6 (Field 2) for tebufenpyrad. The hazard quotient for both pesticides at pre-harvest intervals was less than 100% except in the case of spirodiclofen (0 day).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Crop Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongho Shin
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Rakdo Ko
- Bio Division, Korea Conformity Laboratories, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinchan Kim
- Bio Division, Korea Conformity Laboratories, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanghun Lee
- Bio Division, Korea Conformity Laboratories, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Dai An
- Bio Division, Korea Conformity Laboratories, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Ra Chang
- Department of Food & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Graduate School of Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ho Lee
- Department of Crop Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-3758; Fax: +82-2-450-3754
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Xu F, Xu D, Du G, Guo Z, Zha X, Chen L. Residue analysis, dissipation patterns of chlorfenapyr, diafenthiuron and their corresponding metabolites in tea trees, and dietary intake risk assessment. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:5826-5836. [PMID: 35426151 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, chlorfenapyr and diafenthiuron have been widely used to prevent and control diseases and pests in tea production. However, rare studies have investigated the dissipation patterns of chlorfenapyr, diafenthiuron and their metabolites simultaneously in tea matrices. Here, we established an analytical method to investigate the degradation patterns of five target compounds in tea shoots and made tea samples. Moreover, the dietary intake risk assessment of chlorfenapyr-diafenthiuron mixture among Chinese populations was evaluated based on the supervised field experiment. RESULTS The mean recoveries of the primary analytes at five spiking levels were between 95.6% and 112.6% in tea shoots and made tea, respectively, and the values of RSD (relative standard deviation) were lower than 9.7% for all the target analytes. The field trial results showed that the half-lives of chlorfenapyr and diafenthiuron based on the residue definition were 10.0-12.4 days and 4.3-5.9 days, respectively, in tea shoots. For the dietary intake risk assessment, the risk quotient (RQ) values in made tea ranged from 30.4% to 73.9% at the pre-harvest interval of 14 days, which were significantly less than 100%. CONCLUSION The accuracy and precision of the developed method were satisfied by the measurement requirements according to the validation results. The dynamic dissipation experiments suggested that diafenthiuron was much easier to dissipate than chlorfenapyr. Moreover, the existence of tralopyril made the half-life of chlorfenapyr significantly increase, indicating that practical application of chlorfenapyr should take careful consideration of its metabolite. Finally, the potential chronic dietary risks of the chlorfenapyr-diafenthiuron mixture to human communities were within the acceptable range. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Analysis Center, Residue Laboratory, Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Duo Xu
- Analysis Center, Residue Laboratory, Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gongming Du
- Analysis Center, Residue Laboratory, Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Guo
- Analysis Center, Residue Laboratory, Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Zha
- Analysis Center, Residue Laboratory, Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuyang Chen
- Analysis Center, Residue Laboratory, Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Dissipation behavior and dietary exposure risk of pesticides in Brussels sprout evaluated using LC-MS/MS. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12726. [PMID: 35882914 PMCID: PMC9325977 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17116-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the dissipation behavior and dietary exposure risk of eight pesticides in Brussels sprout were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Brussels sprout samples were collected 0, 7, 14, and 21 days after the last pesticide treatment. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was used for sample analysis. Recovery rates at different concentrations of pesticides (0.01 and 0.1 mg/kg) were in the range of 70.2–104.5%, and the relative standard deviations were ≤ 10.6%. The pesticide residues in Brussels sprouts were determined for each treatment. For acephate, etofenprox, imidacloprid, indoxacarb, alpha-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, fludioxonil, and oxytetracycline, the half-lives were, respectively, 11.3, 9.8, 11.3, 15.8, 10.6, 13, 9.1, and 8.2 d and the dietary intake rates were, respectively, 2.90%, 0.81%, 0.7%, 1.19%, 0.06%, 0.24%, 0.05%, and 0.36% of the acceptable daily intake. The findings of this study provide important insights into the establishment of maximum residue limits in the Republic of Korea and pesticide control measures for Brussels sprout.
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Xu F, Xu D, Hu M, Chen L, Xu C, Zha X. Dissipation behaviour, residue analysis, and dietary safety evaluation of chlorfenapyr on various vegetables in China. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2022; 39:724-739. [PMID: 35104200 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.2025269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Chlorfenapyr has been widely used in recent years to control a variety of pests on fruit and vegetables. Cabbage, leek, asparagus, and chive are four of the most common green foods consumed word wide; their pesticide residue issues have also received more attention. Therefore, studies on the residue analysis, degradation evaluation and dietary risk assessment based on the complete residue definition of chlorfenapyr on these four vegetables were essential and urgently needed. A reliable analytical method was developed and applied to simultaneously determine the content of chlorfenapyr and its metabolite tralopyril residues on the four vegetables. Recoveries were satisfactory (84%-110% for chlorfenapyr; 83%-106% for tralopyril) at a spiked level of 0.01-1 mg/kg, with intraday precision (n = 5) and interday precision (n = 15) ranging from 1.6% to 8.9% and from 2.4% to 9.1%, respectively. The limits of quantification (LOQs) were all 0.01 mg/kg. On the basis of supervised field trials, the degradation half-lives of chlorfenapyr were 1.2-9.8 days. Chlorfenapyr rapidly degraded on asparagus, but persisted much longer on chive. The terminal concentration of chlorfenapyr residues varied from <0.01 to 0.84 mg/kg. Additionally, the risk quotients (RQs) ranged from 4.7% to 13.8%, suggesting that chlorfenapyr had a negligible risk for chronic dietary intake of these crops. This study was thus significant in evaluating the degradation rate and quality safety of chlorfenapyr on various vegetables and promoted the development of maximum residue limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Analysis Center, Residue Laboratory, Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Duo Xu
- Analysis Center, Residue Laboratory, Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengqing Hu
- Analysis Center, Residue Laboratory, Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuyang Chen
- Analysis Center, Residue Laboratory, Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenlong Xu
- Analysis Center, Residue Laboratory, Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Zha
- Analysis Center, Residue Laboratory, Jiangsu Pesticide Research Institute, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Eslami Z, Mahdavi V, Mofrad AA. Simultaneous multi-determination of pesticide residues in barberry: A risk assessment study. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dai Y, Liu Q, Yang X, Pan H, Tian Y. Analysis of Degradation Kinetics and Migration Pattern of Chlorfenapyr in Celery (Apium graveliens L.) and Soil Under Greenhouse Conditions at Different Elevations. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 108:260-266. [PMID: 34714354 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The degradation kinetics and migration pattern of chlorfenapyr in celery and soil at Lhasa and Pengzhou were investigated. A simple, rapid analytical method for the quantification of chlorfenapyr in celery and soil was developed using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer. The results indicated that the half-lives of chlorfenapyr in celeries and soils at Lhasa were 6.3 days and 12.8 days. While the half-lives of chlorfenapyr in celeries and soils at Pengzhou were 6.9 days and 20.4 days. The half-lives of chlorfenapyr in celeries and soils at Lhasa were shorter than that at Pengzhou, while the half-lives of chlorfenapyr in soils at Lhasa and Pengzhou were longer than that in celeries at Lhasa and Pengzhou. The final residues of chlorfenapyr in celeries at Lhasa and Pengzhou were 5.074 ± 0.144 mg/kg and 5.981 ± 0.234 mg/kg after 7 days of spraying, respectively. When chlofenapyr was sprayed to soils only, the average root concentration factor of chlorfenapyr were 3.57-4.02, while the average translocation factor of chlorfenapyr in leaves and stems were 0.28-0.38 and 0.20-0.25, respectively. Chlorfenapyr was easy to migrate from soil to the roots of celery, followed by leaves and stems. The limit value of chlorfenapyr in celery has not been specified in China's National MRL standard (GB 2763 in National food safety standard-maximum residue limits for pesticides in food. Standard, Beijing, 2021), this study was useful to draw up the limit values of chlorfenapyr residues in celery at different elevations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Dai
- Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Qinghai Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Analysis and Testing Center, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu Pan
- Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China.
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
| | - Yun Tian
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
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Eslami Z, Mahdavi V, Tajdar-Oranj B. Probabilistic health risk assessment based on Monte Carlo simulation for pesticide residues in date fruits of Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:42037-42050. [PMID: 33797041 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13542-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The validation of an analytical procedure based on the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) approach is presented for multiresidue analysis of pesticides in dates by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS2). The proposed methodology was applied for simultaneous quantification of 16 pesticides in 50 different date fruits. Method validation was performed regarding accuracy, precision, LDR, LOD, and LOQ, as well as matrix effects. Results of validation were satisfactory, with recoveries higher than 80% for 75% of the samples for 100- and 500- μg L-1 spike levels. Evaluation of the matrix effect revealed that for 81% of the samples, a slight matrix effect was observed. Residues in 92% of the real samples were found below national MRLs. Afterward, hazard quotient (HQ) and total hazard quotient (THQ) of human health risk assessment of pesticides was estimated using a probabilistic approach based on the Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm. Total hazard quotient (THQ) in adults based on the consumption of dates in total samples was estimated to be 7.8% and 36.7% for adults and children, respectively. Since the studied pesticides are registered in the country and are the most widely used pesticides on dates, the occurrence of other pesticide residues seems to be unlikely. Consequently, the applied health risk assessment on Iranian date fruit samples showed that the HQ for adults and children populations indicates no risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Eslami
- Mycobacteriology Research Centre (MRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Mahdavi
- Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, P.O. Box 1475744741, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Behrouz Tajdar-Oranj
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chen X, Zheng J, Teng M, Zhang J, Qian L, Duan M, Zhao F, Zhao W, Wang Z, Wang C. Bioaccumulation, Metabolism and the Toxic Effects of Chlorfenapyr in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:8110-8119. [PMID: 34270249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chlorfenapyr is widely used as an insecticide/miticide. Tralopyril, the active metabolite of chlorfenapyr, is used as an antifouling biocide in antifouling systems, and negatively affects aquatic environments. However, it is unclear whether tralopyril is a metabolite of chlorfenapyr in aquatic vertebrates, and there is little data on the bioaccumulation and toxicity of chlorfenapyr to aquatic vertebrates. In this study, the bioaccumulation and elimination of chlorfenapyr in zebrafish were assessed, and tralopyril, the active metabolite of chlorfenapyr, was determined. The effects of chronic exposure to chlorfenapyr on zebrafish liver and brain oxidative damage, apoptosis, immune response, and metabolome were investigated. These results showed that chlorfenapyr has a high bioaccumulation in zebrafish, with bioaccumulation factors of 864.6 and 1321.9 after exposure to 1.0 and 10 μg/L chlorfenapyr for 21 days, respectively. Chlorfenapyr at these concentrations also rapidly accumulated in zebrafish, reaching 615.5 and 10336 μg/kg on the second and third days of exposure, respectively. Chlorfenapyr was degraded to tralopyril in zebrafish; therefore, both chlorfenapyr and tralopyril should be considered when evaluating the risk of chlorfenapyr to aquatic organisms. In addition, chronic exposure caused oxidative damage, apoptosis, and immune disorders in zebrafish liver. Chronic exposure also altered the levels of endogenous metabolites in liver and brain. After 9 days of depuration, some indicators of oxidative damage, apoptosis, and immunity returned to normal levels, but the concentration of endogenous metabolites in zebrafish liver was still altered. Overall, these results provide useful information for evaluating the toxicity and environmental fate of chlorfenapyr in aquatic vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguang Chen
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junyue Zheng
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Miaomiao Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Le Qian
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Manman Duan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wentian Zhao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- The Institute of Plant Production, Jilin Academy of Agriculture Science, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Chengju Wang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Malhat F, Abdallah O, Ahmed F, Salam SA, Anagnostopoulos C, Ahmed MT. Dissipation behavior of thiophanate-methyl in strawberry under open field condition in Egypt and consumer risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:1029-1039. [PMID: 32827299 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10186-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thiophanate methyl is a broad-spectrum benzimidazole fungicide extensively applied in pre- and post-harvest, for the control of a wide range of fruit and vegetable pathogens. In the current work, the residue behavior of thiophanate methyl after application on strawberries and an estimation of the consumer dietary exposure was performed. Supervised field trials were conducted in Egypt (Qaluobiya Governorate) as to investigate the residue dynamics and terminal residues at different PHIs of thiophanate methyl and its metabolite carbendazim in strawberries under Egyptian conditions. For the measurement of residues in fruits, a QuEChERS-based protocol coupled with LC-MS/MS was optimized and successfully validated at 0.01 mg kg-1. The half-life (t1/2) of thiophanate methyl in strawberries was estimated, and a dietary risk assessment was performed employing both FAO/WHO and EFSA approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farag Malhat
- Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12618, Egypt.
| | - Osama Abdallah
- Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12618, Egypt
| | - Fayza Ahmed
- Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12618, Egypt
| | - Shokr Abdel Salam
- Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12618, Egypt
| | - Chris Anagnostopoulos
- Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Laboratory of Pesticides Residues, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 St. Delta Street, Kifissia, 14561, Athens, Greece.
| | - Mohamed Tawfic Ahmed
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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Yang J, Luo F, Zhou L, Sun H, Yu H, Wang X, Zhang X, Yang M, Lou Z, Chen Z. Residue reduction and risk evaluation of chlorfenapyr residue in tea planting, tea processing, and tea brewing. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 738:139613. [PMID: 32534281 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The chlorfenapyr residues in the entire tea chain, i.e., in tea planting, tea processing, and tea brewing, were systematically investigated. The degradation rate constants of chlorfenapyr in the tea plants ranged from 0.2460 to 0.2870 with the half-life of 2.4-3.0 days, and 87.5-89.9% of the chlorfenapyr in tea shoots dissipated in the interval of 7 days. In the processing process of both black tea and green tea, the chlorfenapyr residue decreased by 59.1-67.6% compared with the residue in tea shoots due to high vapor pressure (1.2 × 10-2 mPa 25 °C), and drying was the key step that dissipated the chlorfenapyr. A low leaching efficiency of 2.2-3.4% from tea leaves to tea infusion, resulted in low water solubility (0.14 mg L-1 25 °C), indicated that >90% of the residual chlorfenapyr was eliminated before the intake of tea infusion. On the basis of these results, an extremely large proportion of the chlorfenapyr deposited on tea shoots was degraded during tea planting, tea processing, and tea brewing, and the health risk was reduced primarily in the first and the last step rather than during tea processing. The remaining 0.2% chlorfenapyr sprayed on the tea shoots represents a negligible health risk based on the RQ assessment. The pesticides with high vapor pressure and low water solubility were more recommended in tea garden for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agricultural, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Fengjian Luo
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agricultural, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agricultural, Hangzhou 310008, China.
| | - Hezhi Sun
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agricultural, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agricultural, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agricultural, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agricultural, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agricultural, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Zhengyun Lou
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agricultural, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Zongmao Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agricultural, Hangzhou 310008, China
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The degradation behaviour, residue distribution, and dietary risk assessment of malathion on vegetables and fruits in China by GC-FPD. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Abdallah O, Alamer S, Alrasheed A, Almundarij A. Residue distribution, safety evaluation, processing factor and dissipation kinetics of bifenthrin and ethion in date fruits. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2019. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2019.1597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O.I. Abdallah
- Department of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12618, Egypt
- Food Safety Laboratory, Al-Qassim Municipality, Buraydah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - S.S. Alamer
- Food Safety Laboratory, Al-Qassim Municipality, Buraydah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - A.M. Alrasheed
- Food Safety Laboratory, Al-Qassim Municipality, Buraydah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - A.A. Almundarij
- Food Safety Laboratory, Al-Qassim Municipality, Buraydah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
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Lee J, Kim BJ, Kim E, Kim JH. Dissipation Kinetics and the Pre-Harvest Residue Limits of Acetamiprid and Chlorantraniliprole in Kimchi Cabbage Using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142616. [PMID: 31323797 PMCID: PMC6680825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The dissipation behaviors of acetamiprid and chlorantraniliprole in kimchi cabbages were studied under open-field conditions. A simple and rapid analytical method was developed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) conditions of two pesticides were optimized to quantify and identify the pesticide residues. Sample preparation was performed by the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method. Average recovery rates at the different spiked levels (0.05 and 0.25 mg/kg) were in the range of 103.6-113.9% (acetamiprid) and 80.8-91.2% (chlorantraniliprole), and the relative standard deviations were ≤4.3% for all. The dissipation kinetics were assessed using first-order equations after spraying acetamiprid and chlorantraniliprole individually on kimchi cabbages. The biological half-lives in field 1 and 2 were 5.2 and 6.3 days (acetamiprid) and 10.0 and 15.2 days (chlorantraniliprole), respectively. Based on the dissipation equations, the pre-harvest residue limits (PHRLs) corresponding to each day before harvest were suggested as the guidelines to meet the MRL on harvest day. It was also predicted that the terminal residues observed after multiple sprayings (three and seven days) would be below the MRL when harvested, in compliance with the established pre-harvest intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghwa Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Byung Joon Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Eunhye Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jeong-Han Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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17
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Abdallah O, El Agamy M, Abdelraheem E, Malhat F. Buprofezin dissipation and safety assessment in open field cabbage and cauliflower using GC/ITMS employing an analyte protectant. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4492. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Osama Abdallah
- Department of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution, Central Agricultural Pesticide, LaboratoryAgricultural Research Center Giza Egypt
- Food Safety Laboratory Buraydah Al‐Qassim Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustafa El Agamy
- Department of Soil Fertility and Plant NutritionSoil, Water and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), Agricultural Research Center Giza Egypt
| | - Ehab Abdelraheem
- Department of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution, Central Agricultural Pesticide, LaboratoryAgricultural Research Center Giza Egypt
| | - Farag Malhat
- Department of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution, Central Agricultural Pesticide, LaboratoryAgricultural Research Center Giza Egypt
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18
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Monitoring pesticide residues in dates marketed in Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia using a QuEChERS methodology and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4199. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Zhao Y, Wang Q, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Wei Y, Liu F, Zhou C, Mu W. Chlorfenapyr, a Potent Alternative Insecticide of Phoxim To Control Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:5908-5915. [PMID: 28672113 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bradysia odoriphaga is the major pest affecting Chinese chive production, and in China, it has developed widespread resistance to organophosphorus insecticides. Chlorfenapyr is a promising pyrrole insecticide with a unique mechanism of action that does not confer cross-resistance to neurotoxic insecticides. However, the effect of chlorfenapyr on organophosphate-resistant B. odoriphaga is not well understood. The present study evaluated the potential of chlorfenapyr for the control of phoxim-resistant B. odoriphaga. The results showed that chlorfenapyr had significant insecticidal activity to B. odoriphaga in multiple developmental stages, and there were no significant differences in susceptibility between the field (phoxim-resistant) and laboratory (phoxim-susceptible) populations. The pot experiment and field trials confirmed the results of our laboratory bioassays. In the field trial, chlorfenapyr applied at 3.0, 6.0, or 12.0 kg of active ingredient (a.i.)/ha significantly decreased the number of B. odoriphaga and improved the yield compared to phoxim at 6.0 kg of a.i./ha and the control conditions. Moreover, the final residues of chlorfenapyr on plants were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) as a result of its non-systemic activity. These results demonstrate that chlorfenapyr has potential as a potent alternative to phoxim for controlling B. odoriphaga.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science , Jinan, Shandong 250100, People's Republic of China
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21
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Dynamic microwave assisted extraction coupled with matrix solid phase dispersion for the determination of chlorfenapyr and abamectin in rice by LC-MS/MS. Microchem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Lin H, Dong B, Hu J. Residue and intake risk assessment of prothioconazole and its metabolite prothioconazole-desthio in wheat field. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:236. [PMID: 28451958 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-5943-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the environment, plants and animals in vivo, pesticides can be degraded or metabolized to form transformation products (TPs) or metabolites, which are even more toxic than parent pesticides. Hence, it was necessary to evaluate residue and risk of pesticides and their TPs (or metabolites). Here, a rapid, simple, and reliable method using QuEChERS and LC-MS/MS had been developed for simultaneous analysis of prothioconazole and its toxic metabolite, prothioconazole-desthio, in soil, wheat plant, straw, and grain. The average recoveries of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio in four matrices ranged from 86 to 108% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.53-11.87% at three spiking levels. The method was successfully applied to investigate the dissipation and terminal residues of the two compounds in wheat field. It was shown that prothioconazole was rapidly degraded to prothioconazole-desthio, with half-lives below 5.82 days. Prothioconazole-desthio was slowly dissipated in soil and plant. The terminal residues of prothioconazole in wheat grain with a pre-harvest interval (PHI) of 21 or 28 days were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) (0.1 mg/kg, Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC)). We also evaluated the intake risk of prothioconazole-desthio residues in wheat grain in China. For long-term intake assessment, the hazard quotients (HQ) ranged from 1.30 to 5.95%. For short-term intake assessment, the acute hazard indexes (aHI) ranged from 1.94 to 18.2%. It indicated that the intake risk of prothioconazole-desthio in wheat consumption was acceptable. Thus, the prothioconazole application on wheat with the scientific practices would not pose public health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- HongFang Lin
- Laboratory of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Toxicology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Bizhang Dong
- Laboratory of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Toxicology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - JiYe Hu
- Laboratory of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Toxicology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
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Abdallah O, Abdel Ghani S, Hrouzková S. Development of validated LC-MS/MS method for imidacloprid and acetamiprid in parsley and rocket and evaluation of their dissipation dynamics. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1310112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Osama Abdallah
- Food Safety Laboratory, Al-Qassim Municipality, Buraydah, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pesticides Residues and Environmental Pollution, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sherif Abdel Ghani
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Svetlana Hrouzková
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Periasamy S, Deng JF, Liu MY. Who is the real killer? Chlorfenapyr or detergent micelle-chlorfenapyr complex? Xenobiotica 2016; 47:833-835. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2016.1236300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Periasamy
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan and
| | - Jou-Fang Deng
- Division of Clinical Toxicology, Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Shih-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yie Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan and
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Hanafi A, Hindy M, Abdel Ghani S. Effect of spray application techniques on spray deposits and residues of bifenthrin in peas under field conditions. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2016; 41:49-54. [PMID: 30363108 PMCID: PMC6140658 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d15-071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Five spraying techniques were evaluated for the coverage of bifenthrin on peas under open field conditions. Ultra-low volume sprayer (ULVA) and Ground hydraulic motor with conventional spray gun (GMG) gave number mean diameters (NMDs) from 27 to 68 and from 33 to 73 N/cm2 with volume mean diameter (VMD) from 50 to 120 and from 320 to 508, respectively. Homogeneity factor values were 2, 2, 2.5, 2.8, and 13.5 in ULVA, Domestic modification of the ground hydraulic motor sprayer with one nozzle (GMO), Ground hydraulic motor sprayer with vertical boom (GMV), Motorized knapsack mist blower sprayer (MKM) and GMG. The percentages of the lost spray in the ground were 23, 39, 21, 24, and 36% for ULVA, MKM, GMG, GMO and GMV, respectively. An analytical method was developed using QuEChERS and GC-ECD to determine the initial deposit of bifenthrin in pods and leaves. Initial deposits were from 0.006 to 0.05 mg/kg in pods and from 0.03 to 0.66 mg/kg in leaves. The most efficient technique was single nozzle Twinjet, followed by the motorized knapsack sprayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hanafi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, P.O. Box 68 Hadayek Shoubra, 11241 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hindy
- Department of Spray Technology Research, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sherif Abdel Ghani
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, P.O. Box 68 Hadayek Shoubra, 11241 Cairo, Egypt
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