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Cao M, Wang J, Jiang X, Sun Z, Zhao L, Chen G. Phenolic Constituents from Black Quinoa Alleviate Insulin Resistance in HepG2 Cells via Regulating IRS1/PI3K/Akt/GLUTs Signaling Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18780-18791. [PMID: 37991345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Quinoa is a nutrient-rich pseudocereal with a lower glycemic index and glycemic load. However, its therapeutic potency and underlying mechanism against insulin resistance (IR) have not been fully elucidated. In this work, network pharmacology was applied to screen IR targets and their related pathways. The efficacy and mechanism of black quinoa polyphenols (BQP) on IR improvement were evaluated and uncovered based on the IR model in vitro combined with molecular docking. Ten phenolic constituents of BQP were detected, and the network pharmacology results show that PI3K/Akt pathways are the main pathways in BQP against IR. The in vitro assay proved that BQP increases the glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis via upregulating insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1)/PI3K/Akt/glucose transporters (GLUTs) signaling pathways to alleviate IR. Rutin, resveratrol, and catechin show lower binding energy docking with IRS1, PI3K, Akt, and GLUT4 proteins, indicating better interactions. It might be an effective constituent against IR. Hence, BQP could become a potential functional food source for blood glucose management among insulin-resistant people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Cao
- College of Engineering/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Engineering/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Xueying Jiang
- College of Engineering/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Zhipeng Sun
- College of Engineering/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Liyan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Guitang Chen
- College of Engineering/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
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2
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Jiang S, Wang L, Jia W, Wu D, Wu L, Zhao X, Mei L, Tao Y, Yue H. Hypoglycemic effect of Nitraria tangutorum fruit by inhibiting glycosidase and regulating IRS1/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway and its active ingredient identification by UPLC-MS. Food Funct 2023; 14:7869-7881. [PMID: 37525586 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02495d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The hypoglycemic effect of NTB-40 (40% ethanol fraction of Nitraria tangutorum fruit) in type I/II diabetic mice and its underlying mechanism and active ingredient structure were investigated. The postprandial blood glucose (PBG) lowering effect of NTB-40 treatment was confirmed by maltose, starch, and sucrose tolerance tests in alloxan-induced DM mice and sucrase and maltase inhibitory activities in vitro. More importantly, long-term dosing experiments in high-fat diet-STZ-induced diabetic mice further demonstrated that NTB-40 intervention could improve glycolipid metabolism disorder and insulin resistance (IR) by maintaining glucose homeostasis (FBG, OGTT, ITT, FINS, and HOMA-IR) and lipid homeostasis (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and FFA), reducing inflammation (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) and oxidative stress (SOD and MDA), ameliorating the liver's histological structural abnormalities, and modulating the IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and downstream targets (FOXO1, GSK3β, GLUT4) for decreasing hepatic gluconeogenesis and promoting glycogen synthesis and glucose uptake. All these results indicated that NTB-40 had an anti-diabetic effect by modulating the IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and inhibiting α-glucosidase activity. Finally, the main chemical components of NTB-40, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and alkaloids, were assigned by UPLC-Triple-TOF MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai 810008, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai 810008, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Jia
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai 810008, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai 810008, China.
- Qinghai University, Qinghai, China
| | - Li Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai 810008, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai 810008, China.
| | - Lijuan Mei
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai 810008, China.
| | - Yanduo Tao
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai 810008, China.
| | - Huilan Yue
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai 810008, China.
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Chen L, Xue S, Dai B, Zhao H. Effects of Coix Seed Oil on High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Dyslipidemia. Foods 2022. [PMCID: PMC9601554 DOI: 10.3390/foods11203267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary intervention is becoming more popular as a way to improve lipid metabolism and reduce the prevalence of diet-related chronic disorders. We evaluated the effects of several dietary oils on body weight, fat mass, liver weight, and tumor necrosis factor in obese mice given a high-fat diet (HFD) to discover if coix seed oil (CSO) had an anti-obesity impact. As compared to other dietary fats, CSO treatment considerably lowered body weight and liver index, successfully sup-pressed total cholesterol and triglyceride content, and raised liver lipid deposition and lipid metabolism problem induced by high fat intake. Furthermore, gas chromatography research revealed that CSO extracted by supercritical fluid, with 64% being CSO extracted by supercritical fluid, and the greatest amounts of capric acids and lauric acids being 35.28% and 22.21%, respectively. CSO contained a high content of medium-chain fatty acids and was able to modify hepatic fatty acid metabolism and lipid levels in HFD-induced obese mice. According to the results, CSO has the potential to replace dietary lipids as a promising functional lipid in the prevention of met-abolish disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichun Chen
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-137-7757-7107; Fax: +86-571-2800-8902
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Chronic lead exposure exacerbates hepatic glucolipid metabolism disorder and gut microbiota dysbiosis in high-fat-diet mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 170:113451. [PMID: 36198340 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) and obesity are co-occurring risk factors for metabolic disorders. However, there is still a lack of study on the combined effects of both stressors on metabolism. C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 200 mg/L Pb or/and HFD for 24 weeks and were used to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of chronic Pb exposure on obese mice. The results showed that Pb significantly increased body weight, visceral obesity, fasting blood glucose levels, and insulin resistance, and aggravated liver damage, hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis in HFD-fed mice. Further analysis showed that Pb significantly inhibited insulin signaling pathway PI3K/AKT and fatty acid β-oxidation, and accelerated fatty acid synthesis. Moreover, Pb exacerbated HFD-induced disruption of gut microbiota homeostasis, manifested by increased proportions of pathogenic genera such as Desulfovibrio, Alistipes and Helicobacter, and decreased proportions of beneficial microbes Akkermansia and Barnesiella, which were negatively associated with obesity. These results indicated that Pb exposure exacerbated the disruption of liver glucolipid metabolism in HFD mice possibly by disrupting gut microbiota.
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Taver IB, Spricigo PC, Neto HB, de Alencar SM, Massarioli AP, Jacomino AP. Bioactive Compounds and In Vitro Antioxidant Capacity of Cambuci and Uvaia: An Extensive Description of Little-Known Fruits from the Myrtaceae Family with High Consumption Potential. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172612. [PMID: 36076801 PMCID: PMC9455873 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cambuci (Campomanesia phaea O. Berg Landrum) and uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Cambess), both native Atlantic Rainforest fruits, are noteworthy for being rich in bioactive compounds and their significant antioxidant capacity. Despite the numerous known edible fruits in the world, consumption by humans is most often restricted to a few dozen of them. Such behavior occurs, among other reasons, due to the lack of knowledge about fruits not yet commercialized on a large scale. This study quantified the bioactive compound content (total phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid in cambucis and uvaias; proanthocyanidins in cambucis, and total carotenoid profile and individual carotenoids for grapes) and antioxidant capacity of the edible parts (peel and pulp) of cambuci and uvaia accessions, using three methods (ABTS•+, ROO• radical scavenging and HOCl elimination). Cambuci contained higher phenolic compound levels and displayed higher antioxidant capacity determined by the ABTS•+ and ROO• radical scavenging methods than uvaia (139 and 119 mg 100 g−1 of GAE, 10.5 and 7.73 μmol g−1 of TE; 9.17 and 5.92 μmol g−1 of TE, respectively). Vitamin C content and the antioxidant capacity determined by the HOCl elimination method were about 1.5- and 6-fold higher in uvaia compared to cambuci, with the latter being a first-time report for uvaia. Both fruits contained higher levels of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity than other commonly consumed fruits.
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Li XY, Wang Z, Jiang JG, Shen CY. Role of polyphenols from Polygonum multiflorum Caulis in obesity-related disorders. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 294:115378. [PMID: 35562092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polygoni Multiflori Caulis (PMC) has been widely consumed as folk medicine in China for anti-obesity, sleep-enhancing and many other pharmacological effects. However, the material basis and underlying mechanism of PMC on obesity-related disorders were still not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY To screen active constituents from PMC and explore their multitarget mechanisms in the treatment of obesity and its associated disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Several major constituents were extracted from PMC and LC-MS assay were used to identify the compounds. The lipase inhibitory activity and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were determined. Furthermore, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice were established to explore the potential pharmacological functions and related mechanisms using kits, RT-qPCR and biochemical analysis. RESULTS Regarding the lipase inhibitory activity, the inhibition rate of EA and n-Bu extracts at 4 mg/mL reached over 80%. Effects on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes proliferation and differentiation were also obvious, indicating that EA and n-Bu extracts might exert potential anti-obesity functions. LC-MS assay further showed that polyphenols including emodin and physcion comprised majority of EA and n-Bu extracts. EA and n-Bu extracts treatment could significantly modulate the antioxidant response and lipid accumulation in C. elegans, as evidenced by increased SOD and CAT contents, reduced MDA levels, higher TG contents and changes of related mRNA expression levels. In HFD-induced mice, the inhibition ratio of body weight as well as the histological and biochemical indexes of liver, plasma and epididymal adipose tissues were also reversed by EA and n-Bu extracts treatment. Moreover, EA and n-Bu extracts administration increased the microbial diversity, reshaped the microbiota structure and enhanced the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the multicomponent and multitarget characteristics of PMC in preventing obesity related disorders. The results provided novel insights for the development and utilization of PMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Chun-Yan Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
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Kaboré K, Konaté K, Sanou A, Dakuyo R, Sama H, Santara B, Compaoré EWR, Dicko MH. Tomato By-Products, a Source of Nutrients for the Prevention and Reduction of Malnutrition. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142871. [PMID: 35889828 PMCID: PMC9325112 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is a global phenomenon that mainly affects children under five years old, the elderly and food insecure people. It can be linked to undernourishment or overnutrition. To prevent it, a healthy and balanced diet, rich in energy and micronutrients, is necessary. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional composition and contribution of tomato by-products to prevent and reduce malnutrition. Thus, standard methods were used for proximate composition and bioactive compounds. Results showed that tomato by-products are rich in macronutrients and micronutrients capable of preventing undernutrition and reducing the incidence of the effects of overnutrition. The average carbohydrate, protein and lipid contents were 15.43%, 11.71% and 5.4% (DM) in peels and for seeds the contents were 58.75%, 15.4% and 22.2%, respectively. The average energy values were 280.47 kcal/100 g and 472.8 kcal/100 g DM for peels and seeds, respectively. The main minerals found were, in decreasing order, potassium, magnesium, sodium, iron and zinc. High contents of phenolic compounds, lycopene, β-carotene and vitamin C were also found in these by-products. They also presented important antioxidant activities. Due to their nutritional and bioactive compounds, tomato by-products may be included in functional food formulation programs to reduce the incidence of nutritional diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabakdé Kaboré
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Food Technology and Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso; (K.K.); (A.S.); (R.D.); (H.S.); (E.W.R.C.); (M.H.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kiéssoun Konaté
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Food Technology and Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso; (K.K.); (A.S.); (R.D.); (H.S.); (E.W.R.C.); (M.H.D.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Abdoudramane Sanou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Food Technology and Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso; (K.K.); (A.S.); (R.D.); (H.S.); (E.W.R.C.); (M.H.D.)
| | - Roger Dakuyo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Food Technology and Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso; (K.K.); (A.S.); (R.D.); (H.S.); (E.W.R.C.); (M.H.D.)
| | - Hemayoro Sama
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Food Technology and Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso; (K.K.); (A.S.); (R.D.); (H.S.); (E.W.R.C.); (M.H.D.)
- Applied Sciences and Technologies Training and Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Dedougou, Dedougou 09 BP 176, Burkina Faso
| | - Balamoussa Santara
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Université Nazi BONI, Bobo-Dioulasso 01 BP 1091, Burkina Faso;
| | - Ella Wendinpuikondo Rakèta Compaoré
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Food Technology and Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso; (K.K.); (A.S.); (R.D.); (H.S.); (E.W.R.C.); (M.H.D.)
| | - Mamoudou Hama Dicko
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Food Technology and Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso; (K.K.); (A.S.); (R.D.); (H.S.); (E.W.R.C.); (M.H.D.)
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Tian JL, Si X, Shu C, Wang YH, Tan H, Zang ZH, Zhang WJ, Xie X, Chen Y, Li B. Synergistic Effects of Combined Anthocyanin and Metformin Treatment for Hyperglycemia In Vitro and In Vivo. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1182-1195. [PMID: 35044756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism underlying the hypoglycemic effect of the simultaneous use of metformin and anthocyanin-rich foods is not yet clear. Hence, the effects and possible mechanisms of action of these substances, alone and in combination, were evaluated in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells and a diabetic mouse model. The results indicated that anthocyanin and metformin had a significant synergistic effect on glucose consumption (CI < 0.9) compared with metformin alone in HepG2 cells. In the mouse model, combined treatment (50 and 100 mg/kg metformin + anthocyanin groups) demonstrated synergistic restorative effects on the blood glucose level, insulin resistance, and organ damage in the liver, pancreas, and ileum. Additionally, combined metformin and anthocyanin treatment suppressed protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B expression and regulated the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β pathway. Combined treatment also altered the gut microbial composition and structure by increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria and the short-chain fatty acid content. These results suggest that the use of anthocyanins can enhance the efficacy of metformin treatment for hyperglycemia and provide a reference for further clinical research regarding nutrition and supplementary treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Long Tian
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Si
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Shu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Hua Wang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Tan
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Huan Zang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jia Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Xie
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Nutrition and Innovative Manufacturing of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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The Beneficial Effects of Essential Oils in Anti-Obesity Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111832. [PMID: 34769261 PMCID: PMC8584325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex disease caused by an excessive amount of body fat. Obesity is a medical problem and represents an important risk factor for the development of serious diseases such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and some types of cancer. Not to be overlooked are the psychological issues that, in obese subjects, turn into very serious pathologies, such as depression, phobias, anxiety, and lack of self-esteem. In addition to modifying one’s lifestyle, the reduction of body mass can be promoted by different natural compounds such as essential oils (EOs). EOs are mixtures of aromatic substances produced by many plants, particularly in medicinal and aromatic ones. They are odorous and volatile and contain a mixture of terpenes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and esters. Thanks to the characteristics of the various chemical components present in them, EOs are used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical fields. Indeed, it has been shown that EOs possess great antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor powers. Emerging results also demonstrate the anti-obesity effects of EOs. We have examined the main data obtained in experimental studies and, in this review, we summarize the effect of EOs in obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases.
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Aschemann-Witzel J, Bizzo HR, Doria Chaves ACS, Faria-Machado AF, Gomes Soares A, de Oliveira Fonseca MJ, Kidmose U, Rosenthal A. Sustainable use of tropical fruits? Challenges and opportunities of applying the waste-to-value concept to international value chains. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:1339-1351. [PMID: 34382890 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1963665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Agriculture and food science literature on waste-to-value applications that allow upcycling of by-product ingredients is increasing. However, this stream of research rarely takes an international trade and sustainability systems perspective. This focused review defines the term of waste-to-value and the sustainable development goals connected to it, and points to the tensions and questions arising when international trade is involved. Further, it exemplifies the challenges and opportunities of waste-to-value in tropical fruit trade through five cases of tropical fruit from South America: Green coconut, açaí, maracujá, cambuci, and jabuticaba. We present a model of the international supply chain that indicates where the opportunities of waste-to-value applications in international tropical fruit trade are situated, and discuss which future research questions need to be addressed to tackle the challenges of waste-to-value in global tropical fruit chains. Establishing the waste-to-value approach in the export of yet-underused tropical fruits can amongst others improve local employment, preserve natural resources, allow favorable use of side-streams in local energy production, environmentally friendly packaging material for transport, and add health functionalities to the end-consumer products, but challenges have to be solved in order to ensure these environmental and social benefits materialize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Aschemann-Witzel
- MAPP - Centre for Research on Customer Relations in the Food Sector, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ulla Kidmose
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
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11
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Rojas ML, Gomes BDO, Carvalho GR, Santos KC, Guedes JS, Bitencourt BS, Augusto PED. Convective drying of cambuci, a native fruit from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: Effect of pretreatments with ethanol and freezing. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meliza Lindsay Rojas
- Dirección de Investigación y Desarrollo Universidad Privada del Norte (UPN) Trujillo Peru
| | - Bruna de Oliveira Gomes
- Department of Agri‐food Industry, Food and Nutrition (LAN), Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ) University of São Paulo (USP) Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Gisandro Reis Carvalho
- Department of Agri‐food Industry, Food and Nutrition (LAN), Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ) University of São Paulo (USP) Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Karoline Costa Santos
- Department of Agri‐food Industry, Food and Nutrition (LAN), Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ) University of São Paulo (USP) Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Souza Guedes
- Department of Agri‐food Industry, Food and Nutrition (LAN), Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ) University of São Paulo (USP) Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Bruna Sousa Bitencourt
- Department of Agri‐food Industry, Food and Nutrition (LAN), Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ) University of São Paulo (USP) Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Food Science (DCA) Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) Lavras Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Pedro Esteves Duarte Augusto
- Department of Agri‐food Industry, Food and Nutrition (LAN), Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ) University of São Paulo (USP) Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
- Food and Nutrition Research Center (NAPAN) University of São Paulo (USP) São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
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Classical Food Quality Attributes and the Metabolic Profile of Cambuci, a Native Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest Fruit. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123613. [PMID: 34204744 PMCID: PMC8231640 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The cambuci is a native Brazilian fruit from the Atlantic Forest biome. A soft and astringent pulp, a green color, and a sweet aroma are its main characteristics. Classical food quality attributes (fresh fruit mass, fruit height, diameters, total soluble solid, titratable acidity, and ratio) and the metabolic profile from ten accessions from three different locations were analyzed herein by analytical methods (refractometry and neutralization titration) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Concerning sugar content, sucrose was the predominant compound, with glucose and fructose alternating in second, depending on the accession. Citric acid was the most relevant acid, followed by shikimic and quinic acids in quite variable amounts. These three main acids vary in amounts for each accession. Ascorbic acid content emerges as an important quality attribute and makes this fruit nutritionally attractive, due to values comparable to those contained in citric fruits. The main amino acids identified in cambuci were glutamic acid individually or in comprising the tripeptide glutathione (glutamic acid, cysteine, glycine). The quality diversity of the evaluated accessions suggests the potentiality of cambuci use in future breeding programs.
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Zhang Z, Liang X, Tong L, Lv Y, Yi H, Gong P, Tian X, Cui Q, Liu T, Zhang L. Effect of Inonotus obliquus (Fr.) Pilat extract on the regulation of glycolipid metabolism via PI3K/Akt and AMPK/ACC pathways in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 273:113963. [PMID: 33640441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Inonotus obliquus (Fr.) Pilat is a mushroom belonging to the family Hymenochaetaceae. It is popularly called the Chaga mushroom in Russian folk medicine and has been used as a traditional medicine to treat diabetes mellitus in Eastern European and Asian countries. However, its effects on glycolipid metabolism disorders and underlying molecular mechanism of action remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY I. obliquus contains abundant functional components, which provide potential medicinal value. The purpose of this study was to investigate compositions of I. obliquus extract with a high-pressure water extraction method, and investigate the anti-type 2 diabetic effects of I. obliquus extract and the possible underlying mechanisms involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS The I. obliquus was extracted by a high-pressure water extraction method, and tested its main components by special assay kit and instrumental analysis. Type 2 diabetic C57BL/6 mice were induced by high-fat diet with low-dose STZ injection, and were daily gavaged with different doses of I. obliquus extract for 8 weeks. Glycemic, blood lipid profile, and histopathology of liver and pancreas were assessed. Underlying mechanisms related to glycemic control in liver were further performed. RESULTS The I. obliquus extract main compounds were β-Glucans, triterpenoids and polyphenol by determination. Oral administration of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg I. obliquus extract significantly alleviated blood glucose and insulin resistance. Moreover, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of I. obliquus extract increased liver glycogen content and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels while decreased total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), p-protein kinase B (Akt), p-adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), and p-acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) were upregulated, whereas sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) were downregulated after supplement with 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of I. obliquus extract. Interestingly, I. obliquus extract was a dose-effect relationship within a certain range. 250 mg/kg had obvious anti-diabetes effect, and the effect of 500 mg/kg dose was the same as that of metformin. CONCLUSION I. obliquus extract ameliorated insulin resistance and lipid metabolism disorders in diabetic mice. The hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties of I. obliquus extract were supposedly exerted via the regulation of the PI3K/Akt and AMPK/ACC signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xi Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lingjun Tong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Youyou Lv
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Huaxi Yi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Pimin Gong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaoying Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Qingyu Cui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Tongjie Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Lanwei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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