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Yue Z, He S, Wang J, Jiang Q, Wang H, Wu J, Li C, Wang Z, He X, Jia N. Glyceollins from soybean: Their pharmacological effects and biosynthetic pathways. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21874. [PMID: 38034638 PMCID: PMC10682181 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a highly abundant class of secondary metabolites present in plants. Isoflavonoids, in particular, are primarily synthesized in leguminous plants within the subfamily Papilionoideae. Numerous reports have established the favorable role of isoflavonoids in preventing a range of human diseases. Among the isoflavonoid components, glyceollins are synthesized specifically in soybean plants and have displayed promising effects in mitigating the occurrence and progression of breast and ovarian cancers as well as other diseases. Consequently, glyceollins have become a sought-after natural component for promoting women's health. In recent years, extensive research has focused on investigating the molecular mechanism underlying the preventative properties of glyceollins against various diseases. Substantial progress has also been made toward elucidating the biosynthetic pathway of glyceollins and exploring potential regulatory factors. Herein, we provide a review of the research conducted on glyceollins since their discovery five decades ago (1972-2023). We summarize their pharmacological effects, biosynthetic pathways, and advancements in chemical synthesis to enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of their function and the genes involved in their biosynthetic pathway. Such knowledge may facilitate improved glyceollin synthesis and the creation of health products based on glyceollins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Yue
- School of Medicine, Xi'an International University, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
- Engineering Research Center of Personalized Anti-aging Health Product Development and Transformation, Universities of Shaanxi Province, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
| | - Shanhong He
- School of Medicine, Xi'an International University, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
| | - Jinpei Wang
- School of Medicine, Xi'an International University, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
- Engineering Research Center of Personalized Anti-aging Health Product Development and Transformation, Universities of Shaanxi Province, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- School of Medicine, Xi'an International University, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
- Engineering Research Center of Personalized Anti-aging Health Product Development and Transformation, Universities of Shaanxi Province, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
| | - Hanping Wang
- School of Medicine, Xi'an International University, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
- Engineering Research Center of Personalized Anti-aging Health Product Development and Transformation, Universities of Shaanxi Province, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
| | - Jia Wu
- School of Medicine, Xi'an International University, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
- Engineering Research Center of Personalized Anti-aging Health Product Development and Transformation, Universities of Shaanxi Province, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- School of Medicine, Xi'an International University, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
| | - Zixian Wang
- School of Medicine, Xi'an International University, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
| | - Xuan He
- School of Engineering, Xi'an International University, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
| | - Nannan Jia
- School of Medicine, Xi'an International University, 18 Yudou Road, Yanta District, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710077, China
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Xia Y, Su Q, Li X, Yan S, Liu J, He C, Huang H, Jiang W, Pang Y. Two CYP93A enzymes play a dual role in isoflavonoid biosynthesis in Glycine max L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108073. [PMID: 37839274 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Glycine max L. is rich in isoflavonoids with diverse biological activities. However, isoflavonoid biosynthetic pathway is not fully elucidated in soybean. In the present study, we investigated characteristics of all the thirteen CYP93 subfamily members, and found GmCYP93A1, GmCYP93A2, and GmCYP93A3 are closely clustered, preferentially expressed in roots, and highly inducible by elicitor. When expressed in yeast, GmCYP93A1 was active towards liquiritigenin, naringenin, and 3,9-dihydroxyptercarpan, GmCYP93A2 towards 3,9-dihydroxyptercarpan with strict substrate specificity, whereas GmCYP93A3 did not show any activity towards all the tested substrates. Both GmCYP93A1 and GmCYP93A2 could catalyze 3,9-dihydroxyptercarpan into daidzein and glycinol, with both hydroxylation and aryl migration activity. Site-directed mutagenesis assays revealed that mutation in Thr446 to Ser446 in heme-binding domain increased the enzyme activity of GmCYP93A1 towards 3,9-dihydroxyptercarpan, which highlights its key amino acid residues as shown with its molecular docking with 3,9-dihydroxyptercarpan and HEM. Overexpression of GmCYP93A1 and GmCYP93A2 in the soybean hairy roots reduced the content of daidzein, whereas knockdown of these two genes increased genistein content, indicating changes in expression level of GmCYP93A1 and GmCYP93A2 altered isoflavonoid flux in soybean. Our studies on the activity of GmCYP93A1 and GmCYP93A2 enriched diverse functions of CYP93 subfamily in soybean isoflavonoid pathway, which is valuable for further understanding and bioengineering of isoflavonoid pathway in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaying Xia
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qian Su
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xue Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Su Yan
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jinyue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Chunfeng He
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Haijun Huang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wenbo Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yongzhen Pang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Wang J, Li L, Wang Z, Feng A, Li H, Qaseem MF, Liu L, Deng X, Wu AM. Integrative analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome reveals the molecular regulatory mechanism of isoflavonoid biosynthesis in Ormosia henryi Prain. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125601. [PMID: 37392916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are important components of many phytopharmaceuticals, however, most studies on flavonoids and isoflavonoids have been conducted on herbaceous plants of the family Leguminosae, such as soybean, and less attention has been paid to woody plants. To fill this gap, we characterized the metabolome and transcriptome of five plant organs of Ormosia henryi Prain (OHP), a woody Leguminosae plant with great pharmaceutical value. Our results indicate that OHP possesses a relatively high content of isoflavonoids as well as significant diversity, with greater diversity of isoflavonoids in the roots. Combined with transcriptome data, the pattern of isoflavonoid accumulation was found to be highly correlated with differential expression genes. Furthermore, the use of trait-WGCNA network analysis identified OhpCHSs as a probable hub enzyme that directs the downstream isoflavonoid synthesis pathway. Transcription factors, such as MYB26, MYB108, WRKY53, RAV1 and ZFP3, were found to be involved in the regulation of isoflavonoid biosynthesis in OHP. Our findings will be beneficial for the biosynthesis and utilization of woody isoflavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Anran Feng
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA
| | - Huiling Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mirza Faisal Qaseem
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Liting Liu
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry Sciences, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Xiaomei Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ai-Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Shalal OS. Anti-inflammatory activity of fermented soyabean (Glycine max) extract on macrophages by inhibiting cytokines expression. GENE REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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New dual functional CYP450 gene involves in isoflavone biosynthesis in Glycine max L. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2023; 8:157-167. [PMID: 36714060 PMCID: PMC9860299 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycine max L. accumulates a large amount of isoflavonoid compounds, which is beneficial for plant defense, plant-microbe symbiotic interactions, and human health. Several CYP450 subfamily genes are involved in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway in plants. In the present study, we found 24 CYP82 subfamily genes were differentially expressed in various tissues of soybean, in Phytophthora sojae-infected soybean varieties and in soybean hairy roots treated with cell wall glucan elicitor. Six of them (GmCYP82A2, GmCYP82A3, GmCYP82A4, GmCYP82A23, GmCYP82C20 and GmCYP82D26) were co-expressed with other known isoflavonoid pathway genes in soybean. Their enzymatic activity in yeast feeding assays showed that only GmCYP82D26 was able to convert naringenin to daidzein with both aryl migration and dehydration function. When GmCYP82D26 was over-expressed in soybean hairy roots, the contents of the two major isoflavonoid aglycones in soybean (daidzein and genistein) were reduced, but total flavonoids were not affected. When GmCYP82D26 was suppressed by RNAi in the hairy roots, daidzein content was decreased but genistein content was increased, with unchanged total flavonoid content. GmCYP82D26 was found to be localized in the endoplasmic reticulum at subcellular level when transiently expressed in tobacco leaf epidermis. GmCYP82D26 gene was preferentially expressed in roots, with low expression level in other tissues in soybean. Homology modeling and molecular docking showed that GmCYP82D26 could form hydrogen bond with both HEM and naringenin at C5-OH and C4 carbonyl. All these results indicated that GmCYP82D26 possesses new and dual enzymatic activity, which bridges the two branches (daidzein and genistein branch) of isoflavonoid pathway in soybean.
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Meng J, Zhang Y, Wang G, Ji M, Wang B, He G, Wang Q, Bai F, Xu K, Yuan D, Li S, Cheng Y, Wei S, Fu C, Wang G, Zhou G. Conduction of a chemical structure-guided metabolic phenotype analysis method targeting phenylpropane pathway via LC-MS: Ginkgo biloba and soybean as examples. Food Chem 2022; 390:133155. [PMID: 35576806 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The phenylpropane pathway (PPP) is one of the most extensively investigated metabolic routes. This pathway biosynthesizes many important active ingredients such as phenylpropanoids and flavonoids that affect the flavor, taste and nutrients of food. How to elucidate the metabolic phenotype of PPP is fundamental in food research and development. In this study, we designed a structural periodical table filled with 103 metabolites produced from PPP. All of them especially the 62 structural isomers were qualified and quantified with high resolution and sensitivity via multiple reaction mode in liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Ginkgo biloba and soybean were used as samples for the practical application of this method: The delicate spatial-temporal metabolic balance of PPP from ginkgo biloba has been first elucidated; It is first confirmed that the salt and draught stresses could redirect the biosynthesis trend of PPP to produce more isoflavones in soybean leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Meng
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yiran Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Guolin Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Meijing Ji
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Guo He
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Qianwen Wang
- Central Public Laboratory of Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Fali Bai
- Public Laboratory of Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Central Public Laboratory of Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Dongliang Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shuai Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shuhui Wei
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Chunxiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Guibin Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Gongke Zhou
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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Lee EJ, Song MC, Rha CS. Mass Biosynthesis of Coumestrol Derivatives and Their Isomers via Soybean Adventitious Root Cultivation in Bioreactors. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:923163. [PMID: 35800610 PMCID: PMC9253684 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.923163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Coumestrol (CMS) derivatives are unique compounds, which function as phytoalexins; they are derived from soybean roots, following abiotic and biotic stresses. As a phytoalexin, CMS forms a defense system that enables plants to maintain their viability. However, it is still challenging to achieve the mass production of phytoalexins, which exhibit pharmacological values, via plant breeding. Here, the synthesis of CMS derivatives from the seedling, plant, and adventitious root (AR) of Glycine max were investigated under artificial light, as well as via a chemical elicitor treatment. In the presence of constant light, as well as under treatment with methyl jasmonate, the CMS monoglucoside (coumestrin; CMSN) and malonyl CMSN (M-CMSN) contents of the AR culture (4 weeks) increased drastically. The two CMS derivatives, CMSN and M-CMSN, were obtained as a mixture of isomers, which were identified via nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. These derivatives were also observed in a soybean plant that was grown on artificial soil (AS; 5 weeks) and a Petri dish (9 days) although in considerably lesser quantities than those observed in the AR culture. Compared with the two other media (AS and the Petri dish), the AR culture achieved the superior synthesis of CMSN and M-CMSN within a relatively short cultivation period (<1 month) in laboratory-scale (3 L) and pilot-scale (1,000 L) bioreactors. The isoflavone content of AR under the constant light conditions was three-fold that under dark conditions. Significant quantities of malonyl daidzin and malonyl genistin were produced in the root of AS and the seedling of Petri dish, respectively. Flavonol glycosides were not produced in the AR culture under the dark and light conditions, as well as in AS under the dark condition. However, significant contents of kaempferol glycosides were produced in the leaves of AS and seedling of Petri dish, following the light treatment. Thus, we proposed that the established soybean AR-cultivation approach represented a better method for biosynthesizing phytoalexins, such as the CMS derivatives, as plant-derived functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Lee
- Research and Innovation Center, AMOREPACIFIC, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Myoung Chong Song
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chan-Su Rha
- Research and Innovation Center, AMOREPACIFIC, Yongin, South Korea
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Gómez K, Quenguan F, Aristizabal D, Escobar G, Quiñones W, García-Beltrán O, Durango D. Elicitation of isoflavonoids in Colombian edible legume plants with jasmonates and structurally related compounds. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08979. [PMID: 35243097 PMCID: PMC8873548 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), soybean (Glycine max L.) and mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) seedlings were treated with methyl jasmonate (MeJA); then, dose-response and time-course experiments were carried out. Isoflavonoid composition was evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography. As a result of MeJA induction, all leguminous plants increase the amount of isoflavonoids, at levels that depend on the concentration of the elicitor and the time after induction. However, the application of MeJA in concentrations higher than 2.22 mM showed deleterious effects on seedlings and strong decreases in the concentration of isoflavonoids. In addition, a series of compounds structurally related to MeJA, such as jasmonic acid, cis-jasmone, coronatine, and indanoyl derivatives, were evaluated as elicitors. The results show that coronatine and the indanoyl-amino acids conjugates displayed a significant elicitor effect of isoflavonoids in common bean (cvs. Cargamanto Mocho and Corpoica LAS 106) and soybean (cv. Soyica P-34) seedlings, even higher than that found with the recognized elicitors, benzo (1,2,3) thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester (acibenzolar S-methyl) and benzo-(1,2,3) thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid (acibenzolar acid). Leguminous plants can be treated with jasmonates and indanoyl derivatives to increase levels of bioactive isoflavonoids and consequently improve biological and functional properties and resistance against pests. The accumulation of isoflavonoids in edible legume seedlings treated with jasmonates and structurally related compounds was analyzed. Time-course and dose-response experiments were performed using methyl jasmonate as elicitor. The application of jasmonates and structurally related compounds increased the concentration of bioactive isoflavonoids. The amount of isoflavonoids depended on the cultivar, the concentration and structure of the elicitor, and the post-induction time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Gómez
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Química, Carrera 65, Nº 59-110, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Franklin Quenguan
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Química, Carrera 65, Nº 59-110, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diego Aristizabal
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Química, Carrera 65, Nº 59-110, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gustavo Escobar
- Química Orgánica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 N° 52-21, P.O. Box 1226, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Winston Quiñones
- Química Orgánica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 N° 52-21, P.O. Box 1226, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Olimpo García-Beltrán
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Carrera 22 Calle 67, Ibagué, 730002, Colombia.,Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), General Gana 1702, Santiago, 8370854, Chile
| | - Diego Durango
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Química, Carrera 65, Nº 59-110, Medellín, Colombia
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dos Santos IMO, Abe VY, de Carvalho K, Barazetti AR, Simionato AS, de Almeida Pega GE, Matis SH, Cano BG, Cely MVT, Marcelino-Guimarães FC, Chryssafidis AL, Andrade G. Secondary Metabolites of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LV Strain Decrease Asian Soybean Rust Severity in Experimentally Infected Plants. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081495. [PMID: 34451540 PMCID: PMC8400991 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Asian Soybean Rust (ASR), a disease caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, causing yield losses up to 90%. The control is based on the fungicides which may generate resistant fungi. The activation of the plant defense system, should help on ASR control. In this study, secondary metabolites of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LV strain were applied on spore germination and the expression of defense genes in infected soybean plants. The F4A fraction and the pure metabolites were used. In vitro, 10 µg mL−1 of F4A reduced spore germination by 54%, while 100 µg mL−1 completely inhibited. Overexpression of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), O-methyltransferase (OMT) and pathogenesis related protein-2 (PR-2; glucanases) defense-related genes were detected 24 and 72 h after soybean sprouts were sprayed with an organocopper antimicrobial compound (OAC). Under greenhouse conditions, the best control was observed in plants treated with 60 µg mL−1 of PCA, which reduced ASR severity and lesion frequency by 75% and 43%, respectively. Plants sprayed with 2 and 20 µg mL−1 of F4A also decreased severity (41%) and lesion frequency (32%). The significant reduction in spore germination ASR in plant suggested that the strain of these metabolites are effective against P. pachyrhizi, and they can be used for ASR control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Matheus Oliveira dos Santos
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (I.M.O.d.S.); (A.R.B.); (A.S.S.); (G.E.d.A.P.); (S.H.M.); (B.G.C.)
| | - Valéria Yukari Abe
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Embrapa Soja, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (V.Y.A.); (K.d.C.); (F.C.M.-G.)
| | - Kenia de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Embrapa Soja, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (V.Y.A.); (K.d.C.); (F.C.M.-G.)
| | - André Riedi Barazetti
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (I.M.O.d.S.); (A.R.B.); (A.S.S.); (G.E.d.A.P.); (S.H.M.); (B.G.C.)
| | - Ane Stéfano Simionato
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (I.M.O.d.S.); (A.R.B.); (A.S.S.); (G.E.d.A.P.); (S.H.M.); (B.G.C.)
| | - Guilherme E. de Almeida Pega
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (I.M.O.d.S.); (A.R.B.); (A.S.S.); (G.E.d.A.P.); (S.H.M.); (B.G.C.)
| | - Sergio Henrique Matis
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (I.M.O.d.S.); (A.R.B.); (A.S.S.); (G.E.d.A.P.); (S.H.M.); (B.G.C.)
| | - Barbara Gionco Cano
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (I.M.O.d.S.); (A.R.B.); (A.S.S.); (G.E.d.A.P.); (S.H.M.); (B.G.C.)
| | - Martha Viviana Torres Cely
- Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop 78550-728, MT, Brazil;
| | | | | | - Galdino Andrade
- Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil; (I.M.O.d.S.); (A.R.B.); (A.S.S.); (G.E.d.A.P.); (S.H.M.); (B.G.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-43-999-175-758
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10
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Sajid M, Stone SR, Kaur P. Recent Advances in Heterologous Synthesis Paving Way for Future Green-Modular Bioindustries: A Review With Special Reference to Isoflavonoids. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:673270. [PMID: 34277582 PMCID: PMC8282456 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.673270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoflavonoids are well-known plant secondary metabolites that have gained importance in recent time due to their multiple nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications. In plants, isoflavonoids play a role in plant defense and can confer the host plant a competitive advantage to survive and flourish under environmental challenges. In animals, isoflavonoids have been found to interact with multiple signaling pathways and have demonstrated estrogenic, antioxidant and anti-oncologic activities in vivo. The activity of isoflavonoids in the estrogen pathways is such that the class has also been collectively called phytoestrogens. Over 2,400 isoflavonoids, predominantly from legumes, have been identified so far. The biosynthetic pathways of several key isoflavonoids have been established, and the genes and regulatory components involved in the biosynthesis have been characterized. The biosynthesis and accumulation of isoflavonoids in plants are regulated by multiple complex environmental and genetic factors and interactions. Due to this complexity of secondary metabolism regulation, the export and engineering of isoflavonoid biosynthetic pathways into non-endogenous plants are difficult, and instead, the microorganisms Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli have been adapted and engineered for heterologous isoflavonoid synthesis. However, the current ex-planta production approaches have been limited due to slow enzyme kinetics and traditionally laborious genetic engineering methods and require further optimization and development to address the required titers, reaction rates and yield for commercial application. With recent progress in metabolic engineering and the availability of advanced synthetic biology tools, it is envisaged that highly efficient heterologous hosts will soon be engineered to fulfill the growing market demand.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Parwinder Kaur
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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11
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12
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Hsiao YH, Ho CT, Pan MH. Bioavailability and health benefits of major isoflavone aglycones and their metabolites. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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13
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Kalli S, Araya-Cloutier C, Lin Y, de Bruijn WJC, Chapman J, Vincken JP. Enhanced biosynthesis of the natural antimicrobial glyceollins in soybean seedlings by priming and elicitation. Food Chem 2020; 317:126389. [PMID: 32097822 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glyceollins are a class of antimicrobial prenylated pterocarpans produced in soybean seedlings upon fungus elicitation. Priming with reactive oxygen species (ROS) prior to elicitation with Rhizopus oligosporus/oryzae (R) was investigated for its potential to enhance glyceollin production. ROS-priming prior to R-elicitation (ROS + R) increased glyceollin production (8.6 ± 0.9 µmol/g dry weight (DW)) more than 4-fold compared to elicitation without priming (1.9 ± 0.4 µmol/g DW). Furthermore, ROS-priming was superior to two physical primers which were used as benchmark primers, namely slicing (5.0 ± 0.6 µmol glyceollins/g DW) and sonication (4.8 ± 1.0 µmol glyceollins/g DW). Subsequently, the robustness of ROS + R was assessed by applying it to another soybean cultivar, where it also resulted in a significantly higher glyceollin content than R-elicitation without priming. ROS-priming prior to elicitation provides opportunities for improving the yield in large-scale production of natural antimicrobials due to the ease of application and the robustness of the effect across cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Kalli
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Carla Araya-Cloutier
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yiran Lin
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter J C de Bruijn
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - John Chapman
- Unilever R&D Vlaardingen, Olivier van Noortlaan 120, 3133 AT Vlaardingen, the Netherlands
| | - Jean-Paul Vincken
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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14
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Jahan MA, Kovinich N. Acidity stress for the systemic elicitation of glyceollin phytoalexins in soybean plants. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2019; 14:1604018. [PMID: 30985226 PMCID: PMC6619962 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1604018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Glyceollins are the major pathogen- and stress-inducible natural products (phytoalexins) of soybean that possess broad-spectrum anticancer and neuroprotective properties. Yet like other phytoalexins, glyceollins are difficult to obtain because they are typically biosynthesized only transiently and in low amounts in plant tissues. We recently identified acidity stress (pH 3.0 growth medium) as an elicitor that exerted prolonged (week-long) inductive effects on glyceollin biosynthesis and identified the NAC family TF gene GmNAC42-1 that activates glyceollin biosynthesis in response to acidity stress or WGE from the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae. GmNAC42-1 was annotated as an SAR gene and SAR genes were statistically overrepresented in the transcriptomic response to acidity stress suggesting that acidity stress triggers the systemic elicitation of glyceollin biosynthesis. Here, we demonstrate that acidity stress acts as a systemic elicitor when provided to soybean roots. Acidity stress preferentially elicited specific glyceollins in different soybean organs with exceptionally high yields of glyceollin I in root tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Asraful Jahan
- Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Nik Kovinich
- Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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15
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Improvement of growth and yield of soybean plants through the application of non-thermal plasmas to seeds with different health status. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01495. [PMID: 31011650 PMCID: PMC6462543 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is a globally important crop, providing oil and protein. Diaporthe/Phomopsis complex includes seed-borne pathogens that affect this legume. Non-thermal plasma treatment is a fast, cost-effective and environmental-friendly technology. Soybean seeds were exposed to a quasi-stationary (50 Hz) dielectric barrier discharge plasma operating at atmospheric pressure air. Different carrying gases (O2 and N2) and barrier insulating materials were used. This work was performed to test if the effects of non-thermal plasma treatment applied to healthy and infected seeds persist throughout the entire cycle of plants. To this aim, lipid peroxidation, activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase and guaiacol peroxidase, vegetative growth and agronomic traits were analysed. The results here reported showed that plants grown from infected seeds did not trigger oxidative stress due to the reduction of pathogen incidence in seeds treated with cold plasma. Vegetative growth revealed a similar pattern for plants grown from treated seeds than that found for the healthy control. Infected control, by contrast, showed clear signs of damage. Moreover, plasma treatment itself increased plant growth, promoted a normal and healthy physiological performance and incremented the yield of plants. The implementation of this technology for seeds treatment before sowing could help reducing the use of agrochemicals during the crop cycle.
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16
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Chen X, Fang X, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhang C, Yan X, Zhao Y, Wu J, Xu P, Zhang S. Overexpression of a soybean 4-coumaric acid: coenzyme A ligase (GmPI4L) enhances resistance to Phytophthora sojae in soybean. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2019; 46:304-313. [PMID: 32172740 DOI: 10.1071/fp18111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Phytophthora root and stem rot of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) caused by Phytophthora sojae is a destructive disease worldwide. The enzyme 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL) has been extensively studied with regard to plant responses to pathogens. However, the molecular mechanism of the response of soybean 4CL to P. sojae remains unclear. In a previous study, a highly upregulated 4CL homologue was characterised through suppressive subtractive hybridisation library and cDNA microarrays, in the resistant soybean cultivar 'Suinong 10' after infection with P. sojae race 1. Here, we isolated the full-length EST, and designated as GmPI4L (P. sojae-inducible 4CL gene) in this study, which is a novel member of the soybean 4CL gene family. GmPI4L has 34-43% over all amino acid sequence identity with other plant 4CLs. Overexpression of GmPI4L enhances resistance to P. sojae in transgenic soybean plants. The GmPI4L is located in the cell membrane when transiently expressed in Arabidopsis protoplasts. Further analyses showed that the contents of daidzein, genistein, and the relative content of glyceollins are significantly increased in overexpression GmPI4L soybeans. Taken together, these results suggested that GmPI4L plays an important role in response to P. sojae infection, possibly by enhancing the content of glyceollins, daidzein, and genistein in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Fang
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Youyi Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chuanzhong Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaofei Yan
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuanling Zhao
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Junjiang Wu
- Soybean Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture PR China, Harbin Heilongjiang, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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17
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Yamamoto T, Sakamoto C, Tachiwana H, Kumabe M, Matsui T, Yamashita T, Shinagawa M, Ochiai K, Saitoh N, Nakao M. Endocrine therapy-resistant breast cancer model cells are inhibited by soybean glyceollin I through Eleanor non-coding RNA. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15202. [PMID: 30315184 PMCID: PMC6185934 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33227-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term estrogen deprivation (LTED) of an estrogen receptor (ER) α-positive breast cancer cell line recapitulates cancer cells that have acquired estrogen-independent cell proliferation and endocrine therapy resistance. Previously, we have shown that a cluster of non-coding RNAs, Eleanors (ESR1 locus enhancing and activating non-coding RNAs) formed RNA cloud and upregulated the ESR1 gene in the nuclei of LTED cells. Eleanors were inhibited by resveratrol through ER. Here we prepared another polyphenol, glyceollin I from stressed soybeans, and identified it as a major inhibitor of the Eleanor RNA cloud and ESR1 mRNA transcription. The inhibition was independent of ER, unlike one by resveratrol. This was consistent with a distinct tertiary structure of glyceollin I for ER binding. Glyceollin I preferentially inhibited the growth of LTED cells and induced apoptosis. Our results suggest that glyceollin I has a novel role in LTED cell inhibition through Eleanors. In other words, LTED cells or endocrine therapy-resistant breast cancer cells may be ready for apoptosis, which can be triggered with polyphenols both in ER-dependent and ER-independent manners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Cancer Institute of JFCR, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Chiyomi Sakamoto
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tachiwana
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Cancer Institute of JFCR, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kumabe
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Toshiro Matsui
- Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, 744 Mototoka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tadatoshi Yamashita
- Tokiwa Phytochemical Co. Ltd., 158 Kinoko, Sakura-shi, Chiba, 285-0801, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Shinagawa
- Kajitsudo Co., Ltd, 1155-5, Tabaru, Mashiki-machi, Kamimashiki-gun, Kumamoto, 861-2202, Japan
| | - Koji Ochiai
- Kajitsudo Co., Ltd, 1155-5, Tabaru, Mashiki-machi, Kamimashiki-gun, Kumamoto, 861-2202, Japan
| | - Noriko Saitoh
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Cancer Institute of JFCR, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
| | - Mitsuyoshi Nakao
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
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18
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Different glyceollin synthesis-related metabolic content and gene expressions in soybean callus suspension cultures and cotyledon tissues induced by alginate oligosaccharides. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Zhang C, Wang X, Zhang F, Dong L, Wu J, Cheng Q, Qi D, Yan X, Jiang L, Fan S, Li N, Li D, Xu P, Zhang S. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase2.1 contributes to the soybean response towards Phytophthora sojae infection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7242. [PMID: 28775360 PMCID: PMC5543151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07832-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytophthora root and stem rot of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] caused by Phytophthora sojae is a destructive disease worldwide. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is one of the most extensively studied enzymes related to plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanism of PAL in soybean in response to P. sojae is largely unclear. Here, we characterize a novel member of the soybean PAL gene family, GmPAL2.1, which is significantly induced by P. sojae. Overexpression and RNA interference analysis demonstrates that GmPAL2.1 enhances resistance to P. sojae in transgenic soybean plants. In addition, the PAL activity in GmPAL2.1-OX transgenic soybean is significantly higher than that of non-transgenic plants after infection with P. sojae, while that in GmPAL2.1-RNAi soybean plants is lower. Further analyses show that the daidzein, genistein and salicylic acid (SA) levels and the relative content of glyceollins are markedly increased in GmPAL2.1-OX transgenic soybean. Taken together, these results suggest the important role of GmPAL2.1 functioning as a positive regulator in the soybean response to P. sojae infection, possibly by enhancing the content of glyceollins, daidzein, genistein and SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanzhong Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lidong Dong
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Junjiang Wu
- Soybean Research Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture P. R. China, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qun Cheng
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dongyue Qi
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaofei Yan
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Liangyu Jiang
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Sujie Fan
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ninghui Li
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Jiamusi Branch Academy of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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20
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Li Y, Zhang H. Soybean isoflavones ameliorate ischemic cardiomyopathy by activating Nrf2-mediated antioxidant responses. Food Funct 2017; 8:2935-2944. [PMID: 28745354 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00342k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic cardiomyopathy (IC) is the major cause of heart failure. Conventional medicine has been proved ineffective with adverse effects. Soybean presents exciting adjunctive therapies and shows protective benefits for IC. However, the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Isoflavones are the main bioactive components of soybean and may be protective against heart disease. Isoflavones were extracted by using an acidic-ethanol method and analyzed by HPLC. All patients with ischemic stroke were randomly and evenly assigned to two groups: the isoflavone group (80 mg day-1, n = 100) and control group (80 mg day-1 placebo, n = 100), and the whole period of the experiment was 24 weeks. The effects of soybean isoflavone on brachial flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) were measured. HPLC fractionation shows that isoflavone extracts are mainly composed of 55% genistein, 23% daidzein, and 14% glycitein. Isoflavone therapy reduced more levels of triglyceride and LDL-c in females than in males. FMD was higher in the isoflavone group than in the control group after 24-week therapy (treatment effect 2.0%, 95% CI 0.18-3.0, P = 0.01). The baseline differences were adjusted in FMD and the isoflavone therapies were closely associated with the reduction of FMD impairment at 24 weeks (odds ratio 0.30, 95% CI 0.14-0.85, P = 0.01). The effects of isoflavone on brachial FMD were negatively associated with base FMD (r = -0.65, P < 0.01). Furthermore, isoflavone therapy caused a significant increase in the levels of erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and a significant decrease in serum levels of C-reactive protein, 8-isoprostane, malondialdehyde, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha. In contrast, the isoflavones had no effects on the levels of oxidation-related molecules when Nrf2 was silenced. These results suggest that soybean isoflavones ameliorate IC patients by improving their antioxidant capacities via the upregulation of Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University Bethune, Xinmin Street No.71, Chaoyang District, Changchun 130021, P.R. China.
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University Bethune, Xinmin Street No.71, Chaoyang District, Changchun 130021, P.R. China.
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21
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Bamji SF, Corbitt C. Glyceollins: Soybean phytoalexins that exhibit a wide range of health-promoting effects. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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22
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Chen YQ, Su HJ, Ouyang Y, Wang JM, Yang XQ, Hu WF. Preparation and characterisation of glyceollin-enriched soya bean protein using solid-state fermentation. Int J Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qiong Chen
- Research and Development Center of Food Proteins; School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Hua-Jia Su
- Research and Development Center of Food Proteins; School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Ying Ouyang
- Research and Development Center of Food Proteins; School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Jin-Mei Wang
- Research and Development Center of Food Proteins; School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Xiao-Quan Yang
- Research and Development Center of Food Proteins; School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Wen-Feng Hu
- College of Food Science; South China University of Agricultural; Guangzhou 510642 China
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23
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24
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Malik N, Zhang Z, Erhardt P. Total Synthesis of (±)-Glyceollin II and a Dihydro Derivative. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2940-7. [PMID: 26654660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Stressed soybeans produce a group of phytoalexins that belong to the 6a-hydroxypterocarpan family of flavonoids. Certain of the more prominent members, such as the glyceollins I, II, and III, have demonstrated potential antidiabetic properties and promising cytotoxicity in both human breast and prostate cancer cell cultures with preliminary studies in animals further demonstrating antitumor effects in estrogen-dependent, human breast cancer cell implants. Although syntheses of glyceollin I have been reported previously, this work constitutes the first total directed synthesis of (±)-glyceollin II. It involves 12 steps with an overall yield of 7% using practical methods that should be readily scalable to produce quantities needed for advanced biological characterization. Highlights include a novel intramolecular benzoin condensation, a chelation-controlled lithium aluminum hydride-mediated reduction, and an intramolecular cyclization via the formation of a transient epoxide intermediate to cap the construction of the 6a-hydroxypterocarpan system. Additionally, a dihydro analogue has been obtained, and several isolated intermediates have been made available for evaluation of their biological properties and possible contributions toward elaborating key structure-activity relationship data among this family of promising phytoalexins elicited from stressed soybeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Malik
- Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo , Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Paul Erhardt
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo , Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
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Cheng Q, Li N, Dong L, Zhang D, Fan S, Jiang L, Wang X, Xu P, Zhang S. Overexpression of Soybean Isoflavone Reductase (GmIFR) Enhances Resistance to Phytophthora sojae in Soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1024. [PMID: 26635848 PMCID: PMC4655237 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavone reductase (IFR) is an enzyme involved in the biosynthetic pathway of isoflavonoid phytoalexin in plants. IFRs are unique to the plant kingdom and are considered to have crucial roles in plant response to various biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. Here, we report the characterization of a novel member of the soybean isoflavone reductase gene family GmIFR. Overexpression of GmIFR transgenic soybean exhibited enhanced resistance to Phytophthora sojae. Following stress treatments, GmIFR was significantly induced by P. sojae, ethephon (ET), abscisic acid (placeCityABA), salicylic acid (SA). It is located in the cytoplasm when transiently expressed in soybean protoplasts. The daidzein levels reduced greatly for the seeds of transgenic plants, while the relative content of glyceollins in transgenic plants was significantly higher than that of non-transgenic plants. Furthermore, we found that the relative expression levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) of transgenic soybean plants were significantly lower than those of non-transgenic plants after incubation with P. sojae, suggesting an important role of GmIFR might function as an antioxidant to reduce ROS in soybean. The enzyme activity assay suggested that GmIFR has isoflavone reductase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Ninghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
- Jiamusi Branch Academy of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesJiamusi, China
| | - Lidong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Dayong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Sujie Fan
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Liangyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation SciencesHarbin, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin, China
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Bamji SF, Page RB, Patel D, Sanders A, Alvarez AR, Gambrell C, Naik K, Raghavan AM, Burow ME, Boue SM, Klinge CM, Ivanova M, Corbitt C. Soy glyceollins regulate transcript abundance in the female mouse brain. Funct Integr Genomics 2015; 15:549-61. [PMID: 25953511 PMCID: PMC4561188 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-015-0442-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glyceollins (Glys), produced by soy plants in response to stress, have anti-estrogenic activity in breast and ovarian cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. In addition to known anti-estrogenic effects, Gly exhibits mechanisms of action not involving estrogen receptor (ER) signaling. To date, effects of Gly on gene expression in the brain are unknown. For this study, we implanted 17-β estradiol (E2) or placebo slow-release pellets into ovariectomized CFW mice followed by 11 days of exposure to Gly or vehicle i.p. injections. We then performed a microarray on total RNA extracted from whole-brain hemispheres and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by a 2 × 2 factorial ANOVA with an false discovery rate (FDR) = 0.20. In total, we identified 33 DEGs with a significant E2 main effect, 5 DEGs with a significant Gly main effect, 74 DEGs with significant Gly and E2 main effects (but no significant interaction term), and 167 DEGs with significant interaction terms. Clustering across all DEGs revealed that transcript abundances were similar between the E2 + Gly and E2-only treatments. However, gene expression after Gly-only treatment was distinct from both of these treatments and was generally characterized by higher transcript abundance. Collectively, our results suggest that whether Gly acts in the brain through ER-dependent or ER-independent mechanisms depends on the target gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaya F. Bamji
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville KY 40292
| | - Robert B. Page
- Department of Biology, College of St. Benedict & St. John’s University, Collegeville, MN 56321
| | - Dharti Patel
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville KY 40292
| | - Alexia Sanders
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville KY 40292
| | | | - Caitlin Gambrell
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville KY 40292
| | - Kuntesh Naik
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville KY 40292
| | | | | | - Stephen M. Boue
- Southern Regional Research Center, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124
| | - Carolyn M. Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville KY 40292
| | - Margarita Ivanova
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville KY 40292
| | - Cynthia Corbitt
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville KY 40292
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