1
|
Kayode-Afolayan SD, Ahuekwe EF, Nwinyi OC. Impacts of pharmaceutical effluents on aquatic ecosystems. Scientific African 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
2
|
Varela Morillas Á, Suhling K, Frascione N. Unlocking the potential of forensic traces: Analytical approaches to generate investigative leads. Sci Justice 2022; 62:310-26. [PMID: 35598924 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Forensic investigation involves gathering the information necessary to understand the criminal events as well as linking objects or individuals to an item, location or other individual(s) for investigative purposes. For years techniques such as presumptive chemical tests, DNA profiling or fingermark analysis have been of great value to this process. However, these techniques have their limitations, whether it is a lack of confidence in the results obtained due to cross-reactivity, subjectivity and low sensitivity; or because they are dependent on holding reference samples in a pre-existing database. There is currently a need to devise new ways to gather as much information as possible from a single trace, particularly from biological traces commonly encountered in forensic casework. This review outlines the most recent advancements in the forensic analysis of biological fluids, fingermarks and hair. Special emphasis is placed on analytical methods that can expand the information obtained from the trace beyond what is achieved in the usual practices. Special attention is paid to those methods that accurately determine the nature of the sample, as well as how long it has been at the crime scene, along with individualising information regarding the donor source of the trace.
Collapse
|
3
|
Ren Z, Zhang H, Wang Z, Chen X, Yang L, Jiang H. Progress in Immunoassays of Toxic Alkaloids in Plant-Derived Medicines: A Review. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14030165. [PMID: 35324662 PMCID: PMC8948709 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14030165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are the cradle of the traditional medicine system, assuaging human or animal diseases, and promoting health for thousands of years. However, many plant-derived medicines contain toxic alkaloids of varying degrees of toxicity that pose a direct or indirect threat to human and animal health through accidental ingestion, misuse of plant materials, or through the food chain. Thus, rapid, easy, and sensitive methods are needed to effectively screen these toxic alkaloids to guarantee the safety of plant-derived medicines. Antibodies, due to their inherent specificity and high affinity, have been used as a variety of analytical tools and techniques. This review describes the antigen synthesis and antibody preparation of the common toxic alkaloids in plant-derived medicines and discusses the advances of antibody-based immunoassays in the screening and detection of toxic alkaloids in plants or other related matrices. Finally, the limitations and prospects of immunoassays for toxic alkaloids are discussed.
Collapse
|
4
|
Pollard C, Hudson M, McDonnell JM, Royall PG, Wolff K. Development of a point-of-care test for the detection of MDMA in latent fingerprints using surface plasmon resonance and lateral flow technology. Drug Test Anal 2021; 14:613-621. [PMID: 34766468 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
To date, a specific point-of-care test (POCT) for 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy, 'E') in latent fingerprints (LFPs) has not been explored. Other POCTs identify MDMA in sweat by detecting the drug as a cross-reactant rather than target analyte, thus decreasing the test's sensitivity. The study's aim was to design a sensitive POCT for the detection of MDMA in LFPs using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) technology. A high-affinity antibody binding pair was identified using the former technique, deeming the pair suitable for a LFA. Titrations of fluorescently labelled antibody and antigen concentrations were tested to identify a sharp drop-in signal upon the addition of MDMA to allow a clear distinction between negative and positive outcomes. We trialled the LFA by producing dose response curves with MDMA and a group of drugs that share a similar chemical structure to MDMA. These were generated through spiking the LFA with increasing levels of drug (0-400 pg/10 μl of MDMA; 0-10,000 pg/10 μl of cross-reactant). Fluorescent test signals were measured using a cartridge reader. The cut-off (threshold) 60 pg/10 μl calculated better cartridge performance (1.00 sensitivity, 0.95 specificity and 0.98 accuracy), when compared with 40 pg/10 μl. The biggest cross-reactant was PMMA (250%), followed by MDEA (183%), MBDB (167%), MDA (16%) and methamphetamine (16%). A sensitive LFP screening tool requiring no sample preparation was successfully designed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Pollard
- King's Forensics, Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, Franklin-Wilkins Building, King's College London, 150 Stamford St, London, United Kingdom, SE1 9NH, UK
| | | | - James M McDonnell
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul G Royall
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Franklin-Wilkins Building, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kim Wolff
- King's Forensics, Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, Franklin-Wilkins Building, King's College London, 150 Stamford St, London, United Kingdom, SE1 9NH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pollard C, Sievers C, Royall PG, Wolff K. Evaluation of Latent Fingerprints for Drug-Screening In A Social Care Setting. J Anal Toxicol 2020; 46:47-54. [PMID: 33263738 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkaa183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweat deposited via Latent Fingerprints (LFPs) was previously used to detect cocaine, opioids, cannabis and amphetamine via a point-of-care test (POCT). This screening method combined non-invasive sampling with a rapid result turnaround to produce a qualitative result outside of the laboratory. We report the novel application of a LFP drug screening test in a social care setting. Clients were tested on either an ad-hoc or routine basis using the POCT DOA114 (Intelligent Fingerprint Ltd.) drug screening cartridge. Screening cut-off values were 45, 35 and 95 pg/fingerprint for benzoylecgonine (BZE), morphine and amphetamine analytes, respectively. Confirmation LFP samples (DOA150, Intelligent Fingerprinting Ltd.) and oral fluid (OF) were analysed using UPLC-MS/MS. Thirty-six clients aged 36 ± 11 years participated (53% females). Individuals self-reported alcohol consumption (39%) and smoking (60%). Of 131 screening tests collected over 8 weeks: 14% were positive for cocaine; 2% for opioids; 1% amphetamine. Polydrug use was indicated in 10% of tests. Of 32 LFP confirmation tests, 63% were positive for cocaine and BZE. Opioids were also detected (31%) with the metabolite 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) being the most common (16%). In OF, cocaine was the dominant analyte (9%) followed 6-MAM (5%). Comparing positive LFP screening tests with positive OF samples found 39% and 38% were cocaine and opiate positive respectively. Out of the drugs screened for via the LFP POCT, cocaine was the most prevalent analyte in LFP and OF confirmation samples. The study is a step change in the routine drug screening procedures in a social care setting: especially useful for on-site cocaine detection in clients whose drug use was being monitored. Additionally, testing was easily accepted by clients and social care workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Pollard
- Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, Franklin-Wilkins Building, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Sievers
- Intelligent Fingerprinting, 14-17 Evolution Business Park, Milton Road, Impington, Cambridge, CB24 9NG, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G Royall
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Kim Wolff
- Department of Analytical, Environmental & Forensic Sciences, Franklin-Wilkins Building, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bowdler P, Gale E, Bryant F, Codd S, Hudd S, Longden R, White P, Honeychurch KC. Illicit drug contamination of the Bristol pound local currency. Forensic Sci Int 2020; 316:110469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
7
|
González M, Gorziza RP, de Cássia Mariotti K, Pereira Limberger R. Methodologies Applied to Fingerprint Analysis. J Forensic Sci 2020; 65:1040-1048. [PMID: 32176818 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review deals with the last 10 years of research in analytical methodologies for the analysis of fingerprints, regarding their chemical and biological constituents. A total of 123 manuscripts, which fit the search criteria defined using the descriptor "latent fingermarks analysis," were selected. Its main instrumental areas (mass spectrometry, spectroscopy, and innovative methods) were analyzed and summarized in a specific table, highlighting its main analytical parameters. The results show that most studies in this field use mass spectrometry to identify the constituents of fingerprints, both to determine the chemical profile and for aging. There is also a marked use of mass spectrometry coupled with chromatographic methods, and it provides accurate results for a fatty acid profile. Additional significant results are achieved by spectroscopic methods, mainly Raman and infrared. It is noteworthy that spectroscopic methods using microscopy assist in the accuracy of the analyzed region of the fingerprint, contributing to more robust results. There was also a significant increase in studies using methods focused on finding new developers or identifying components present in fingerprints by rapid tests. This systematic review of analytical techniques applied to the detection of fingerprints explores different approaches to contribute to future studies in forensic identification, verifying new demands in the forensic sciences and assisting in the selection of studies for the progress of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina González
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 2752 Ipiranga Ave, Lab 605A - Santana, Porto Alegre, 90610-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberta Petry Gorziza
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 2752 Ipiranga Ave, Lab 605A - Santana, Porto Alegre, 90610-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Kristiane de Cássia Mariotti
- Identification Group, Brazilian Federal Police, Porto Alegre, 90610-093, RS, Brazil.,National Institute of Forensic Science and Technology - INCT FORENSE, 2752 Ipiranga Ave, Lab 605A - Santana, Porto Alegre, 90610-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Pereira Limberger
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 2752 Ipiranga Ave, Lab 605A - Santana, Porto Alegre, 90610-000, RS, Brazil.,National Institute of Forensic Science and Technology - INCT FORENSE, 2752 Ipiranga Ave, Lab 605A - Santana, Porto Alegre, 90610-000, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xue W, Tan X, Khaing Oo MK, Kulkarni G, Ilgen MA, Fan X. Rapid and sensitive detection of drugs of abuse in sweat by multiplexed capillary based immuno-biosensors. Analyst 2020; 145:1346-1354. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an02498k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Drugs of abuse detection by multiplexed capillary based immuno-biosensors with competitive ELISA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| | - Xiaotian Tan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| | | | | | - Mark A. Ilgen
- Department of Psychiatry
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| | - Xudong Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hudson M, Stuchinskaya T, Ramma S, Patel J, Sievers C, Goetz S, Hines S, Menzies E, Russell DA. Drug screening using the sweat of a fingerprint: lateral flow detection of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine, opiates and amphetamine. J Anal Toxicol 2019; 43:88-95. [PMID: 30272189 PMCID: PMC6380464 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bky068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we describe the use of a fluorescence based lateral flow competition assay for the screening of four classes of drugs, viz, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cocaine (through the detection of benzoylecgonine, BZE), opiates (through the detection of morphine, MOR) and amphetamine (AMP) present in the sweat of a fingerprint. The Drug Screening Cartridge was specifically developed for fingerprint sample collection and analysis. For this study, the cut-offs were set at: 190, 90, 68 and 80 pg/fingerprint for THC, BZE, MOR and AMP, respectively. Working with three UK coroners, the Drug Screening Cartridge, together with its fluorescence reader, was applied to the detection of drugs in the sweat of a fingerprint from deceased individuals. The study shows that there was sufficient sweat present on the fingertips to enable analysis and that the Drug Screening Cartridge could detect the presence, or absence, of each drug. The presence of the drugs was confirmed using LC-MS-MS analysis of a second fingerprint sample collected simultaneously. Excellent correlation was achieved between the results obtained from the Drug Screening Cartridge and the LC-MS-MS analysis of the fingerprint samples obtained from 75 individuals. The accuracy of the results was: 99% for THC; 95% for BZE; 96% for MOR and 93% for AMP. The results obtained using the Drug Screening Cartridge were also compared to toxicological analysis of blood and urine samples with good correlation. The accuracy of the results between the Drug Screening Cartridge and blood was: 96%, 92%, 88% and 97% for THC, BZE, MOR and AMP, respectively. The comparison with urine showed an accuracy ranging between 86% and 92%. This fingerprint sample method has a collection time of just 5 s and a total analysis time of <10 mins. These results show that the lateral flow Drug Screening Cartridge is an excellent screening test to provide information on drug use from the sweat in a single fingerprint sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Hudson
- Intelligent Fingerprinting Ltd., 14-17 Evolution Business Park, Milton Road, Impington, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tanya Stuchinskaya
- Intelligent Fingerprinting Ltd., 14-17 Evolution Business Park, Milton Road, Impington, Cambridge, UK
| | - Smita Ramma
- Intelligent Fingerprinting Ltd., 14-17 Evolution Business Park, Milton Road, Impington, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jalpa Patel
- Intelligent Fingerprinting Ltd., 14-17 Evolution Business Park, Milton Road, Impington, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudia Sievers
- Intelligent Fingerprinting Ltd., 14-17 Evolution Business Park, Milton Road, Impington, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephan Goetz
- Intelligent Fingerprinting Ltd., 14-17 Evolution Business Park, Milton Road, Impington, Cambridge, UK
| | - Selina Hines
- LGC Ltd., Newmarket Road, Fordham, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | | | - David A Russell
- Intelligent Fingerprinting Ltd., 14-17 Evolution Business Park, Milton Road, Impington, Cambridge, UK.,School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ismail M, Stevenson D, Costa C, Webb R, de Puit M, Bailey M. Noninvasive Detection of Cocaine and Heroin Use with Single Fingerprints: Determination of an Environmental Cutoff. Clin Chem 2018; 64:909-917. [DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2017.281469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Recent publications have explored the possibility of using fingerprints to confirm drug use, but none has yet dealt with environmental contamination from fingertips. Here we explored the possibility of establishing an environmental cutoff for drug testing from a single fingerprint.
METHODS
Fingerprint samples (n = 100) were collected from the hands of 50 nondrug users before and after handwashing to establish separate environmental cutoff values and testing protocols for cocaine, benzoylecgonine, heroin, and 6-monoacetylmorphine. The cutoff was challenged by testing the fingerprints of drug-free volunteers after shaking hands with drug users. Fingerprints from patients who testified to taking cocaine (n = 32) and heroin (n = 24) were also collected and analyzed.
RESULTS
A different cutoff value needed to be applied, depending on whether the fingerprints were collected as presented or after handwashing. Applying these cutoffs gave a 0% false-positive rate from the drug-free volunteers. After application of the cutoff, the detection rate (compared to patient testimony) for washed hands of patients was 87.5% for cocaine use and 100% for heroin use.
CONCLUSIONS
Fingerprints show enhanced levels of cocaine, heroin, and their respective metabolites in patients who testified to taking the substances, compared with the population of naïve drug users surveyed, and a cutoff (decision level) can be established. The cutoff is robust enough to account for small increases in analyte observed after secondary transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahado Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Catia Costa
- Ion Beam Centre, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Roger Webb
- Ion Beam Centre, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Marcel de Puit
- Netherlands Forensic Institute, Department of Digital Technology and Biometrics, The Hague, the Netherlands
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Melanie Bailey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abdelshafi NA, Panne U, Schneider RJ. Screening for cocaine on Euro banknotes by a highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay. Talanta 2017; 165:619-624. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
12
|
Abstract
Latent fingermarks are derived from a transfer of material from the fingertips to a surface upon contact. Traditionally, fingermarks are employed for biometric identification of individuals based on matching of the pattern of the ridges. However, in recent years, there has been a stark increase in the use of advanced analytical techniques in order to obtain additional information, specifically the chemical composition of the residue. Understanding the complexity of the endogenous and exogenous content of fingermarks could be extremely useful in allowing further development of enhancement techniques currently used in forensic scenarios by identifying potential target molecules. This chemical information could also potentially provide invaluable information on the lifestyle of an individual, including their activities prior to depositing a mark.An analytical tool that has gained notable popularity in this novel area of research is matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry (MALDI MS). This technique can either be employed for rapid chemical profiling or imaging of fingermarks to detect chemical species contained within the residue, with the latter also allowing for physical reconstruction of the fingermark ridges.This chapter will provide an overview of the protocols employed to allow for both MALDI MS profiling and imaging analysis of latent fingermarks, specifically covering the types of fingermarks employed and techniques used to deposit matrices onto samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bradshaw
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Howard St., Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
A novel in-gel bioanalytical immunodetection method has been developed to determine both the presence and the location of cocaine on the surface of banknotes. The cocaine was 'fixed' to the surface of the banknote via a coating of a polyacrylamide gel matrix. Immunostaining of the immobilised cocaine on the banknote surface was performed using an anti-cocaine primary antibody, either pre-labelled with horse radish peroxidase (HRP) or in conjunction with a HRP-labelled secondary antibody. Visualisation of the location of the cocaine was achieved through chemiluminescence imaging of the banknote following application of a chemiluminescent substrate. The novel method was applied to the detection of cocaine on partial and whole banknote samples obtained from general circulation. Newly minted banknotes, with or without spiked cocaine, were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The results obtained, for the first time, demonstrate the successful location-specific immunostaining of cocaine on banknotes. A preliminary analysis of six UK banknotes, obtained from general circulation, suggests that cocaine can be present at variable locations across the whole of the banknote.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan van der Heide
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Andrew Cunningham
- European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sheila Hardwick
- Home Office Centre for Applied Science and Technology (CAST), Sandridge, St. Albans, Herts AL4 9HQ, UK
| | - David A Russell
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Guler E, Bozokalfa G, Demir B, Gumus ZP, Guler B, Aldemir E, Timur S, Coskunol H. An aptamer folding-based sensory platform decorated with nanoparticles for simple cocaine testing. Drug Test Anal 2016; 9:578-587. [PMID: 27336666 DOI: 10.1002/dta.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of illicit drugs such as cannabis, cocaine, and amphetamines is still a major health and social problem, creating an abuse in adults especially. Novel techniques which estimate the drug of abuse are needed for the detection of newly revealed psychoactive drugs. Herein, we have constructed a combinatorial platform by using quantum dots (QDs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as well as a functional aptamer which selectively recognizes cocaine and its metabolite benzoylecgonine (BE). We have called it an aptamer folding-based sensory device (AFSD). For the fabrication of AFSD, QDs were initially immobilized onto the poly-L-lysine coated μ-well surfaces. Then, the AuNP-aptamer conjugates were bound to the QDs. The addition of cocaine or BE caused a change in the aptamer structure which induced the close interaction of AuNPs with the QDs. Hence, quenching of the fluorescence of QDs was observed depending on the analyte amount. The linearity of cocaine and BE was 1.0-10 nM and 1.0-25 μM, respectively. Moreover, the limits of detection for cocaine and BE were calculated as 0.138 nM and 1.66 μM. The selectivity was tested by using different interfering substances (methamphetamine, bovine serum albumin, codeine, and 3-acetamidophenol). To investigate the use of AFSD in artificial urine matrix, cocaine/BE spiked samples were applied. Also, confirmatory analyses by using high performance liquid chromatography were performed. It is shown that AFSD has a good potential for testing the cocaine abuse and can be easily adapted for detection of various addictive drugs by changing the aptamer according to desired analytes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emine Guler
- Ege University Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.,Ege University, Institute of Drug Abuse Toxicology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Guliz Bozokalfa
- Ege University Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bilal Demir
- Ege University Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zinar Pinar Gumus
- Ege University, Institute of Drug Abuse Toxicology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bahar Guler
- Ege University Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ebru Aldemir
- Ege University, Institute of Drug Abuse Toxicology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Suna Timur
- Ege University Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.,Ege University, Institute of Drug Abuse Toxicology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hakan Coskunol
- Ege University, Institute of Drug Abuse Toxicology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.,Ege LS, Cigli, 35620, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Vidal JC, Bertolín JR, Bonel L, Asturias L, Arcos-Martínez MJ, Castillo JR. Rapid determination of recent cocaine use with magnetic particles-based enzyme immunoassays in serum, saliva, and urine fluids. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 125:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
16
|
Castillo-Peinado LS, Luque de Castro MD. Present and foreseeable future of metabolomics in forensic analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 925:1-15. [PMID: 27188312 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The revulsive publications during the last years on the precariousness of forensic sciences worldwide have promoted the move of major steps towards improvement of this science. One of the steps (viz. a higher involvement of metabolomics in the new era of forensic analysis) deserves to be discussed under different angles. Thus, the characteristics of metabolomics that make it a useful tool in forensic analysis, the aspects in which this omics is so far implicit, but not mentioned in forensic analyses, and how typical forensic parameters such as the post-mortem interval or fingerprints take benefits from metabolomics are critically discussed in this review. The way in which the metabolomics-forensic binomial succeeds when either conventional or less frequent samples are used is highlighted here. Finally, the pillars that should support future developments involving metabolomics and forensic analysis, and the research required for a fruitful in-depth involvement of metabolomics in forensic analysis are critically discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L S Castillo-Peinado
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; University of Córdoba, Agrifood Excellence Campus, ceiA3, Spain; Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M D Luque de Castro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; University of Córdoba, Agrifood Excellence Campus, ceiA3, Spain; Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
van Dam A, van Beek FT, Aalders MC, van Leeuwen TG, Lambrechts SA. Techniques that acquire donor profiling information from fingermarks — A review. Sci Justice 2016; 56:143-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
18
|
Mackuľak T, Staňová AV, Gál M, Híveš J, Grabic R, Tichý J. Determination of illicit drugs and their metabolites contamination on banknotes. Monatsh Chem 2016; 147:39-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-015-1610-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
19
|
Vidal JC, Bertolín JR, Bonel L, Asturias L, Arcos-Martínez MJ, Castillo JR. A Multi-electrochemical Competitive Immunosensor for Sensitive Cocaine Determination in Biological Samples. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
20
|
Kuwayama K, Miyaguchi H, Yamamuro T, Tsujikawa K, Kanamori T, Iwata YT, Inoue H. Effectiveness of saliva and fingerprints as alternative specimens to urine and blood in forensic drug testing. Drug Test Anal 2015; 8:644-51. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.1831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kuwayama
- National Research Institute of Police Science; 6-3-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba 277-0882 Japan
| | - Hajime Miyaguchi
- National Research Institute of Police Science; 6-3-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba 277-0882 Japan
| | - Tadashi Yamamuro
- National Research Institute of Police Science; 6-3-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba 277-0882 Japan
| | - Kenji Tsujikawa
- National Research Institute of Police Science; 6-3-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba 277-0882 Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Kanamori
- National Research Institute of Police Science; 6-3-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba 277-0882 Japan
| | - Yuko T. Iwata
- National Research Institute of Police Science; 6-3-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba 277-0882 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Inoue
- National Research Institute of Police Science; 6-3-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa Chiba 277-0882 Japan
| |
Collapse
|