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Dai TM, Qiu JF, Luo C, Cui WZ, Liu K, Li JL, Peng R, Sima YH, Xu SQ. The circadian clock affects starvation resistance through the pentose phosphate pathway in silkworm, Bombyx mori. INSECT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38769889 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Disruption of the circadian clock can affect starvation resistance, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear. Here, we found that starvation resistance was significantly reduced in the core gene BmPer deficient mutant silkworms (Per-/-), but the mutant's starvation resistance increased with larval age. Under natural physiological conditions, the weight of mutant 5th instar larvae was significantly increased compared to wild type, and the accumulation ability of triglycerides and glycogen in the fat bodies was upregulated. However, under starvation conditions, the weight consumption of mutant larvae was increased and cholesterol utilization was intensified. Transcriptome analysis showed that beta-oxidation was significantly upregulated under starvation conditions, fatty acid synthesis was inhibited, and the expression levels of genes related to mitochondrial function were significantly changed. Further investigations revealed that the redox balance, which is closely related to mitochondrial metabolism, was altered in the fat bodies, the antioxidant level was increased, and the pentose phosphate pathway, the source of reducing power in cells, was activated. Our findings suggest that one of the reasons for the increased energy burden observed in mutants is the need to maintain a more robust redox balance in metabolic tissues. This necessitates the diversion of more glucose into the pentose phosphate pathway to ensure an adequate supply of reducing power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Ming Dai
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-Feng Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wen-Zhao Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiang-Lan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruji Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yang-Hu Sima
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shi-Qing Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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2
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Patel R, Cooper DE, Kadakia KT, Allen A, Duan L, Luo L, Williams NT, Liu X, Locasale JW, Kirsch DG. Targeting glutamine metabolism improves sarcoma response to radiation therapy in vivo. Commun Biol 2024; 7:608. [PMID: 38769385 PMCID: PMC11106276 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06262-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Diverse tumor metabolic phenotypes are influenced by the environment and genetic lesions. Whether these phenotypes extend to rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and how they might be leveraged to design new therapeutic approaches remains an open question. Thus, we utilized a Pax7Cre-ER-T2/+; NrasLSL-G12D/+; p53fl/fl (P7NP) murine model of sarcoma with mutations that most frequently occur in human embryonal RMS. To study metabolism, we infuse 13C-labeled glucose or glutamine into mice with sarcomas and show that sarcomas consume more glucose and glutamine than healthy muscle tissue. However, we reveal a marked shift from glucose consumption to glutamine metabolism after radiation therapy (RT). In addition, we show that inhibiting glutamine, either through genetic deletion of glutaminase (Gls1) or through pharmacological inhibition of glutaminase, leads to significant radiosensitization in vivo. This causes a significant increase in overall survival for mice with Gls1-deficient compared to Gls1-proficient sarcomas. Finally, Gls1-deficient sarcomas post-RT elevate levels of proteins involved in natural killer cell and interferon alpha/gamma responses, suggesting a possible role of innate immunity in the radiosensitization of Gls1-deficient sarcomas. Thus, our results indicate that glutamine contributes to radiation response in a mouse model of RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutulkumar Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, 7200 Cambridge St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Daniel E Cooper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Box 3085, Duke Cancer Center, Medicine Circle, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Kushal T Kadakia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Box 3085, Duke Cancer Center, Medicine Circle, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Annamarie Allen
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Box 3813, 308 Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Likun Duan
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Box 3813, 308 Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, NC State University, Box 7622, 128 Polk Hall, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Box 3085, Duke Cancer Center, Medicine Circle, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Nerissa T Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Box 3085, Duke Cancer Center, Medicine Circle, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, NC State University, Box 7622, 128 Polk Hall, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Box 3813, 308 Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, NC State University, Box 7622, 128 Polk Hall, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - David G Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Box 3085, Duke Cancer Center, Medicine Circle, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Box 3813, 308 Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Suite 504, Toronto, ON, M5T 1P5, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Room 15-701, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.
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3
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Liu Y, Wu Z, Li Y, Chen Y, Zhao X, Wu M, Xia Y. Metabolic reprogramming and interventions in angiogenesis. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00178-4. [PMID: 38704087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial cell (EC) metabolism plays a crucial role in the process of angiogenesis. Intrinsic metabolic events such as glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and glutamine metabolism, support secure vascular migration and proliferation, energy and biomass production, as well as redox homeostasis maintenance during vessel formation. Nevertheless, perturbation of EC metabolism instigates vascular dysregulation-associated diseases, especially cancer. AIM OF REVIEW In this review, we aim to discuss the metabolic regulation of angiogenesis by EC metabolites and metabolic enzymes, as well as prospect the possible therapeutic opportunities and strategies targeting EC metabolism. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW In this work, we discuss various aspects of EC metabolism considering normal and diseased vasculature. Of relevance, we highlight that the implications of EC metabolism-targeted intervention (chiefly by metabolic enzymes or metabolites) could be harnessed in orchestrating a spectrum of pathological angiogenesis-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zifang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yikun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Yating Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Miaomiao Wu
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
| | - Yaoyao Xia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Yang W, Wu Z, Cai S, Li Z, Wang W, Wu J, Luo H, Ye X. Tumor lymphangiogenesis index reveals the immune landscape and immunotherapy response in lung adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1354339. [PMID: 38638428 PMCID: PMC11024352 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1354339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lymphangiogenesis (LYM) has an important role in tumor progression and is strongly associated with tumor metastasis. However, the clinical application of LYM has not progressed as expected. The potential value of LYM needs to be further developed in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. Methods The Sequencing data and clinical characteristics of LUAD patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and GEO databases. Multiple machine learning algorithms were used to screen feature genes and develop the LYM index. Immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression, Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm and drug sensitivity analysis were used to explore the correlation of LYM index with immune profile and anti-tumor therapy. Results We screened four lymphangiogenic feature genes (PECAM1, TIMP1, CXCL5 and PDGFB) to construct LYM index based on multiple machine learning algorithms. We divided LUAD patients into the high LYM index group and the low LYM index group based on the median LYM index. LYM index is a risk factor for the prognosis of LUAD patients. In addition, there was a significant difference in immune profile between high LYM index and low LYM index groups. LUAD patients in the low LYM index group seemed to benefit more from immunotherapy based on the results of TIDE algorithm. Conclusion Overall, we confirmed that the LYM index is a prognostic risk factor and a valuable predictor of immunotherapy response in LUAD patients, which provides new evidence for the potential application of LYM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichang Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhijian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shanshan Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhouhua Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongdan Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoqun Ye
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Zhang Y, Nie Y, Liu X, Wan X, Shi Y, Zhang K, Wu P, He J. Tumor metabolic crosstalk and immunotherapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:797-807. [PMID: 37740892 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells must resist the host's immune system while maintaining growth under harsh conditions of acidity and hypoxia, which indicates that tumors are more robust than normal tissue. Immunotherapeutic agents have little effect on solid tumors, mostly because of the tumor density and the difficulty of penetrating deeply into the tissue to achieve the theoretical therapeutic effect. Various therapeutic strategies targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been developed. Immunometabolic disorders play a dominant role in treatment resistance at both the TME and host levels. Understanding immunometabolic factors and their treatment potential may be a way forward for tumor immunotherapy. Here, we summarize the metabolism of substances that affect tumor progression, the crosstalk between the TME and immunosuppression, and some potential tumor-site targets. We also summarize the progress and challenges of tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yueli Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xitian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Keyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Pan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian He
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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6
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Kesebir AÖ, Dağalan Z, Güller P, Nişancı B, Küfrevioğlu Öİ. In vitro inhibition potency of malononitrile derivatives on the activity of two pentose phosphate pathway enzymes: accompanied by molecular docking evaluation. Z NATURFORSCH C 2024; 0:znc-2023-0164. [PMID: 38497359 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2023-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Many disorders, including cancer and malaria, could be targeted via the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), whose products are key in biosynthetic reactions in cells. The goal of this study was to find new PPP inhibitors. The inhibition effects of malononitrile derivatives on Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) were analyzed through in vitro experiments. Besides, molecular docking studies were performed to predict the interactions having role in inhibition of compounds. K i constants of derivatives were found between 4.24 ± 0.46-69.63 ± 7.75 µM for G6PD and 1.91 ± 0.12-95.07 ± 11.08 µM for 6PGD. Derivatives indicated non-competitive inhibition on both enzymes except for compound 4. The findings of the molecular docking studies revealed that free-binding energy estimations agreed with in vitro data. The structure of these malononitrile derivatives may guide for drug discovery in targeting the PPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Öztürk Kesebir
- Department of Property Protection and Security, Vocational School of Patnos, Ağrı Ibrahim Çeçen University, Patnos, Ağrı, Türkiye
| | - Ziya Dağalan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Pınar Güller
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Bilal Nişancı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
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7
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Heinisch JJ, Murra A, Fernández Murillo L, Schmitz HP. The Role of Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase in the Wine Yeast Hanseniaspora uvarum. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2395. [PMID: 38397078 PMCID: PMC10889316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hanseniaspora uvarum is the predominant yeast species in the majority of wine fermentations, which has only recently become amenable to directed genetic manipulation. The genetics and metabolism of H. uvarum have been poorly studied as compared to other yeasts of biotechnological importance. This work describes the construction and characterization of homozygous deletion mutants in the HuZWF1 gene, encoding glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), which provides the entrance into the oxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and serves as a major source of NADPH for anabolic reactions and oxidative stress response. Huzwf1 deletion mutants grow more slowly on glucose medium than wild-type and are hypersensitive both to hydrogen peroxide and potassium bisulfite, indicating that G6PDH activity is required to cope with these stresses. The mutant also requires methionine for growth. Enzyme activity can be restored by the expression of heterologous G6PDH genes from other yeasts and humans under the control of a strong endogenous promoter. These findings provide the basis for a better adaptation of H. uvarum to conditions used in wine fermentations, as well as its use for other biotechnological purposes and as an expression organism for studying G6PDH functions in patients with hemolytic anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen J. Heinisch
- AG Genetik, Fachbereich Biologie/Chemie, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 11, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany; (A.M.); (L.F.M.); (H.-P.S.)
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8
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Sgarra R, Battista S, Cerchia L, Manfioletti G, Fedele M. Mechanism of Action of Lactic Acid on Histones in Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:236-249. [PMID: 36851901 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Metabolic end products and intermediates can exert signaling functions as chemical sources for histone posttranslational modifications, which remodel chromatin and affect gene expression. Among them, lactic acid is responsible for histone lactylation, a recently discovered histone mark that occurs in high lactate conditions, such as those resulting from the Warburg effect in cancer cells. Recent Advances: Late-breaking studies have advanced the knowledge on the mechanisms involved in histone lactylation, requiring independent nonenzyme and enzyme-dependent reactions, which is emerging as an important hallmark of cancer cells linking metabolic changes to gene expression reprogramming. Critical Issues: In this study, we give an overview about this new epigenetic modification, focusing on its mechanism of action in tumors and tumor microenvironment. Future Directions: Further investigation on the competition mechanism between lactylation and acetylation, as well as on the mechanisms by which lactate fluctuation can control a specific gene set in a given tissue, is needed in the coming years to exploit new anticancer therapeutic approaches. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 236-249.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Sgarra
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabrina Battista
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "G. Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Cerchia
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "G. Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Monica Fedele
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "G. Salvatore" (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
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9
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Adem Ş, Yırtıcı Ü, Aydın M, Rawat R, Eyüpoğlu V. Natural flavonoids as promising 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase inhibitor candidates: In silico and in vitro assessments. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300326. [PMID: 37933686 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The primary strategy in the fight against cancer is to screen compounds that may be effective on different types of cancer. Compounds from plants seem to be a good source. The present study investigated the inhibitory effects of some flavonoids on the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD) enzyme. We determined that quercetin, myricetin, fisetin, morin, apigenin, and baicalein exhibited powerful inhibition effects with IC50 values between 4.08 and 21.26 µM, while luteolin, kaempferol, apiin, galangin, and baicalin showed moderate effects with IC50 values between 54.15 and 138.91 µM. Quercetin competitively inhibited the binding of NADP and 6-phosphogluconate to the 6-PGD enzyme with Ki values of 0.527 ± 0.251 and 0.374 ± 0.138 µM, respectively. We calculated Ki values using the Cheng-Prusoff equation as between 0.44 and 14.88 µM. The possible interaction details of polyphenols with the active site of 6-PGD were analyzed with docking software. In silico and in vitro studies indicated that the -OH groups on the A and C ring of flavonoids bind to the enzyme's active site via hydrogen bonding, while the -OH groups on the C ring contributed significantly to the increase in the inhibitory potentials of the molecules. Molecular dynamic simulations tested the stability of the 6-PGD-quercetin complex during 100 ns. These phytochemicals were suitable for drug use when optimized with absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) criteria. The effects of the studied compounds on cancer cell lines of potential targets were demonstrated by network analysis. In conclusion, this study suggests that flavonoids found to be potent inhibitors could serve as leading candidates to treat many cancers via 6-PGD inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şevki Adem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey
| | - Ümit Yırtıcı
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Mesut Aydın
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey
| | - Ravi Rawat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES University, Dehradun, India
| | - Volkan Eyüpoğlu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey
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10
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Wang Q, Liu J, Chen Z, Zheng J, Wang Y, Dong J. Targeting metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma to overcome therapeutic resistance: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116021. [PMID: 38128187 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a heavy burden on human health with high morbidity and mortality rates. Systematic therapy is crucial for advanced and mid-term HCC, but faces a significant challenge from therapeutic resistance, weakening drug effectiveness. Metabolic reprogramming has gained attention as a key contributor to therapeutic resistance. Cells change their metabolism to meet energy demands, adapt to growth needs, or resist environmental pressures. Understanding key enzyme expression patterns and metabolic pathway interactions is vital to comprehend HCC occurrence, development, and treatment resistance. Exploring metabolic enzyme reprogramming and pathways is essential to identify breakthrough points for HCC treatment. Targeting metabolic enzymes with inhibitors is key to addressing these points. Inhibitors, combined with systemic therapeutic drugs, can alleviate resistance, prolong overall survival for advanced HCC, and offer mid-term HCC patients a chance for radical resection. Advances in metabolic research methods, from genomics to metabolomics and cells to organoids, help build the HCC metabolic reprogramming network. Recent progress in biomaterials and nanotechnology impacts drug targeting and effectiveness, providing new solutions for systemic therapeutic drug resistance. This review focuses on metabolic enzyme changes, pathway interactions, enzyme inhibitors, research methods, and drug delivery targeting metabolic reprogramming, offering valuable references for metabolic approaches to HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Research Unit of Precision Hepatobiliary Surgery Paradigm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China; Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Institute for Organ Transplant and Bionic Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence Hepatology (Ministry of Education/Beijing), School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ziye Chen
- Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Jingjing Zheng
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Research Unit of Precision Hepatobiliary Surgery Paradigm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China; Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Institute for Organ Transplant and Bionic Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence Hepatology (Ministry of Education/Beijing), School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiahong Dong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Research Unit of Precision Hepatobiliary Surgery Paradigm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China; Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Institute for Organ Transplant and Bionic Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence Hepatology (Ministry of Education/Beijing), School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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11
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Moon DO. NADPH Dynamics: Linking Insulin Resistance and β-Cells Ferroptosis in Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:342. [PMID: 38203517 PMCID: PMC10779351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This review offers an in-depth exploration of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) in metabolic health. It delves into how NADPH affects insulin secretion, influences insulin resistance, and plays a role in ferroptosis. NADPH, a critical cofactor in cellular antioxidant systems and lipid synthesis, plays a central role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. In adipocytes and skeletal muscle, NADPH influences the pathophysiology of insulin resistance, a hallmark of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. The review explores the mechanisms by which NADPH contributes to or mitigates insulin resistance, including its role in lipid and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. Parallelly, the paper investigates the dual nature of NADPH in the context of pancreatic β-cell health, particularly in its relation to ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death. While NADPH's antioxidative properties are crucial for preventing oxidative damage in β-cells, its involvement in lipid metabolism can potentiate ferroptotic pathways under certain pathological conditions. This complex relationship underscores the delicate balance of NADPH homeostasis in pancreatic health and diabetes pathogenesis. By integrating findings from recent studies, this review aims to illuminate the nuanced roles of NADPH in different tissues and its potential as a therapeutic target. Understanding these dynamics offers vital insights into the development of more effective strategies for managing insulin resistance and preserving pancreatic β-cell function, thereby advancing the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Oh Moon
- Department of Biology Education, Daegu University, 201 Daegudae-ro, Gyeongsan-si 38453, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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12
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Fuentes-Lemus E, Reyes JS, Figueroa JD, Davies MJ, López-Alarcón C. The enzymes of the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway as targets of reactive species: consequences for NADPH production. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:2173-2187. [PMID: 37971161 DOI: 10.1042/bst20231027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is a key metabolic pathway. The oxidative phase of this process involves three reactions catalyzed by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), 6-phosphogluconolactonase (6PGL) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH) enzymes. The first and third steps (catalyzed by G6PDH and 6PGDH, respectively) are responsible for generating reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAPDH), a key cofactor for maintaining the reducing power of cells and detoxification of both endogenous and exogenous oxidants and electrophiles. Despite the importance of these enzymes, little attention has been paid to the fact that these proteins are targets of oxidants. In response to oxidative stimuli metabolic pathways are modulated, with the PPP often up-regulated in order to enhance or maintain the reductive capacity of cells. Under such circumstances, oxidation and inactivation of the PPP enzymes could be detrimental. Damage to the PPP enzymes may result in a downward spiral, as depending on the extent and sites of modification, these alterations may result in a loss of enzymatic activity and therefore increased oxidative damage due to NADPH depletion. In recent years, it has become evident that the three enzymes of the oxidative phase of the PPP have different susceptibilities to inactivation on exposure to different oxidants. In this review, we discuss existing knowledge on the role that these enzymes play in the metabolism of cells, and their susceptibility to oxidation and inactivation with special emphasis on NADPH production. Perspectives on achieving a better understanding of the molecular basis of the oxidation these enzymes within cellular environments are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes-Lemus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Juan Sebastián Reyes
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan David Figueroa
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilo López-Alarcón
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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13
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Pereira AFM, Sani AA, Zapata TB, de Sousa DSM, Rossini BC, dos Santos LD, Rall VLM, Riccardi CDS, Fernandes Júnior A. Synergistic Antibacterial Efficacy of Melittin in Combination with Oxacillin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Microorganisms 2023; 11:2868. [PMID: 38138012 PMCID: PMC10745785 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) often cause infections with high mortality rates. Antimicrobial peptides are a source of molecules for developing antimicrobials; one such peptide is melittin, a fraction from the venom of the Apis mellifera bee. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of melittin and its association with oxacillin (mel+oxa) against MRSA isolates, and to investigate the mechanisms of action of the treatments on MRSA. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined, and synergistic effects of melittin with oxacillin and cephalothin were assessed. Antibiofilm and cytotoxic activities, as well as their impact on the cell membrane, were evaluated for melittin, oxacillin, and mel+oxa. Proteomics evaluated the effects of the treatments on MRSA. Melittin mean MICs for MRSA was 4.7 μg/mL and 12 μg/mL for oxacillin. Mel+oxa exhibited synergistic effects, reducing biofilm formation, and causing leakage of proteins, nucleic acids, potassium, and phosphate ions, indicating action on cell membrane. Melittin and mel+oxa, at MIC values, did not induce hemolysis and apoptosis in HaCaT cells. The treatments resulted in differential expression of proteins associated with protein synthesis and energy metabolism. Mel+oxa demonstrated antibacterial activity against MRSA, suggesting a potential as a candidate for the development of new antibacterial agents against MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Flávia Marques Pereira
- The Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals of UNESP (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18619-002, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Alessandra Aguirra Sani
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Microbiology and Immunology Sector, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu (IBB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.A.S.); (T.B.Z.); (D.S.M.d.S.); (V.L.M.R.)
| | - Tatiane Baptista Zapata
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Microbiology and Immunology Sector, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu (IBB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.A.S.); (T.B.Z.); (D.S.M.d.S.); (V.L.M.R.)
| | - Débora Silva Marques de Sousa
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Microbiology and Immunology Sector, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu (IBB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.A.S.); (T.B.Z.); (D.S.M.d.S.); (V.L.M.R.)
| | - Bruno César Rossini
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18607-440, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.C.R.); (L.D.d.S.)
| | - Lucilene Delazari dos Santos
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18607-440, São Paulo, Brazil; (B.C.R.); (L.D.d.S.)
- Graduate Program in Tropical Diseases and Graduate Program in Research and Development (Medical Biotechnology), Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Mores Rall
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Microbiology and Immunology Sector, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu (IBB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.A.S.); (T.B.Z.); (D.S.M.d.S.); (V.L.M.R.)
| | - Carla dos Santos Riccardi
- Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences (FCA), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Ary Fernandes Júnior
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Microbiology and Immunology Sector, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu (IBB), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil; (A.A.S.); (T.B.Z.); (D.S.M.d.S.); (V.L.M.R.)
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14
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Patronas EM, Balber T, Miller A, Geist BK, Michligk A, Vraka C, Krisch M, Rohr-Udilova N, Haschemi A, Viernstein H, Hacker M, Mitterhauser M. A fingerprint of 2-[ 18F]FDG radiometabolites - How tissue-specific metabolism beyond 2-[ 18F]FDG-6-P could affect tracer accumulation. iScience 2023; 26:108137. [PMID: 37867937 PMCID: PMC10585399 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies indicate that the radiotracer 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-[18F]FDG) can be metabolized beyond 2-[18F]FDG-6-phosphate (2-[18F]FDG-6-P), but its metabolism is incompletely understood. Most importantly, it remains unclear whether downstream metabolism affects tracer accumulation in vivo. Here we present a fingerprint of 2-[18F]FDG radiometabolites over time in cancer cells, corresponding tumor xenografts and murine organs. Strikingly, radiometabolites representing glycogen metabolism or the oxPPP correlated inversely with tracer accumulation across all examined tissues. Recent studies suggest that not only hexokinase, but also hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PD), an enzyme of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (oxPPP), determines 2-[18F]FDG accumulation. However, little is known about the corresponding enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). Our mechanistic in vitro experiments on the role of the oxPPP propose that 2-[18F]FDG can be metabolized via both G6PD and H6PD, but data from separate enzyme knockdown suggest diverging roles in downstream tracer metabolism. Overall, we propose that tissue-specific metabolism beyond 2-[18F]FDG-6-P could matter for imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Patronas
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Theresa Balber
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Anne Miller
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Barbara Katharina Geist
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Antje Michligk
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Chrysoula Vraka
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Maximilian Krisch
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Nataliya Rohr-Udilova
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Arvand Haschemi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Helmut Viernstein
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Markus Mitterhauser
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, Vienna 1090, Austria
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Vienna 1090, Austria
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15
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George S, Serpe L. Exploring the redox potential induced by low-intensity focused ultrasound on tumor masses. Life Sci 2023; 332:122040. [PMID: 37633418 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is still a major health problem worldwide despite huge efforts being spent on its biomedical research. Beyond the mainstream therapeutic interventions (i.e., surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy and radiotherapy), further significant progresses in anticancer therapy could rely on the development of novel treatment paradigms. To this end, one emerging approach consists in the use of non-thermal low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) for conditioning cancer molecules and/or cancer-targeted compounds, thereby leading to cancer cell death with least side-effects. Cellular redox homeostasis manifested as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during energy metabolism as well as the antioxidant capacity is interwoven to the composition, size and anatomical location of the tumor masses. The higher content of "oxide free radicals" in cancers makes them vulnerable to disruption of redox homeostasis than in the healthy cells and therefore, one of the best options for preferentially eradicating them is increasing their oxidative stress, excessively. A little is known about the modulation of cellular redox homeostasis by LIFU, and so it will be of great interest and utility to understand the effects of LIFU on the energy metabolism of cancer cells. This review is intended to improve our knowledge on the effect of LIFU on cancer cells with particular reference to its redox metabolism for ultrasound-based therapies. Thereby, it could pave the way for exploring novel methodologies and designing combined anti-cancer therapies, especially, for faster and safer eradication of drug resistant and metastasizing solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajan George
- School of Bio Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, TN 632 014, India; Laser Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
| | - Loredana Serpe
- Department of Drug Science & Technology, University of Turin, Turin 10125, Italy
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16
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Kang H, Kim B, Park J, Youn H, Youn B. The Warburg effect on radioresistance: Survival beyond growth. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188988. [PMID: 37726064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The Warburg effect is a phenomenon in which cancer cells rely primarily on glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation, even in the presence of oxygen. Although evidence of its involvement in cell proliferation has been discovered, the advantages of the Warburg effect in cancer cell survival under treatment have not been fully elucidated. In recent years, the metabolic characteristics of radioresistant cancer cells have been evaluated, enabling an extension of the original concept of the Warburg effect. In this review, we focused on the role of the Warburg effect in redox homeostasis and DNA damage repair, two critical factors contributing to radioresistance. In addition, we highlighted the metabolic involvement in the radioresistance of cancer stem cells, which is the root cause of tumor recurrence. Finally, we summarized radiosensitizing drugs that target the Warburg effect. Insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect and radioresistance can provide valuable information for developing strategies to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy and provide future directions for successful cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunkoo Kang
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongsoo Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyeong Park
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - HyeSook Youn
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - BuHyun Youn
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Yang Y, Zhu B, Xu W, Tian J, Du X, Ye Y, Huang Y, Jiang Q, Li Y, Zhao Y. Dietary melatonin positively impacts the immune system of crayfish, Cherax destructor, as revealed by comparative proteomics analysis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109122. [PMID: 37777102 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin, an indoleamine with various biological activities, is being used increasingly in the aquaculture industry for its broad immune effects. Cherax destructor is an emerging economically cultured crayfish that faces many problems in the breeding process. Previous work found that dietary melatonin has positive effects on the growth and immunity of C. destructor, but the specific mechanism involved remained unclear. In this study, proteomics was used to determine the mechanism of action of melatonin in C. destructor. Results showed that dietary melatonin resulted in decreased levels of hydrogen peroxide, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase, but increased levels of glutathione peroxidase, acid phosphatase, and glutathione S-transferases. In total, 608 proteins were differentially expressed (418 upregulated and 190 downregulated), and were enriched in three main categories: innate immunity (B cell receptor signaling pathway and natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity), glucose metabolism (pentose phosphate pathway, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and propionate metabolism), and amino acid metabolism (valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation, and cysteine and methionine metabolism). In addition, dietary melatonin was also involved in the regulation of the mTOR signaling pathway, and upregulated the expression of genes encoding key factors, such as Ras-related GTP-binding protein A/B, eukaryotic initiation factor 4E, eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein, and p70 ribosomal S6 kinase. Overall, this study demonstrates the role of melatonin in the physiological regulation of C. destructor, laying the foundation for the development of melatonin as a feed additive in the aquaculture of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Bihong Zhu
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Wenyue Xu
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jiangtao Tian
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xinglin Du
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yucong Ye
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yizhou Huang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Qichen Jiang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, 79 Chating East Street, Nanjing, 210017, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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18
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Dündar NB, Sarphie D, Yüce K, Gaygısız Ü, Kaskatı OT, Türkoğlu M, Bıkmaz GA, Karabıyık L, Çağlar K, Bozdayı G, Mian R, Moss P, İlhan MN. Assessing neutrophil-derived ROS production at the bedside: a potential prognostic tool in severe COVID-19 cases. Intensive Care Med Exp 2023; 11:69. [PMID: 37801184 PMCID: PMC10558411 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-023-00554-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A prompt and effective immune response is required for clearance of pathogens but exaggerated states of inflammation can cause extensive collateral damage to the host. We have previously used a rapid near-patient assay that measures the functional capacity of neutrophils to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to show that values are elevated in patients with severe COVID-19 or sepsis. Here, we assess the utility of longitudinal ROS measurements to monitor and predict mortality outcome for patients with COVID-19 infection being treated in an ICU setting. METHODS We used the Leukocyte ImmunoTest™ (LIT™) to quantify neutrophil ROS release using a small volume (10 µL) of capillary blood in a portable, rapid (10-min) format. RESULTS ROS values (LIT score) and ROS levels assessed in relation to neutrophil count (LIT/N) were both markedly elevated in the patient group. Furthermore, these correlated strongly with peripheral neutrophil count and CRP value. Serial measurement of neutrophil or CRP values were not able to reliably predict mortality within the study. In contrast, LIT and LIT/N values started to decline at 7 and 5 days, respectively, in patients who survived ICU admission and this increment increased further thereafter. CONCLUSIONS This study raises the possibility of LIT and LIT/N to be used as a predictive clinical tool for patients with severe COVID-19 and argues for its assessment to inform on prognosis, and potentially guide treatment pathways, in other disorders associated with neutrophil activation. TAKE-HOME MESSAGE A longitudinal study of 44 severe COVID-19 patients in the ICU of a leading teaching hospital has demonstrated the prognostic potential of a rapid bedside assay of neutrophil-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). Assessment of changes in ROS production, as measured using the Leukocyte ImmunoTest™, shows that ROS production generally declined back to normal levels for patients who survived, but remained elevated for those patients who did not survive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazlıhan Boyacı Dündar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Kenan Yüce
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ümmügülsüm Gaygısız
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - O Tolga Kaskatı
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melda Türkoğlu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülbin Aygencel Bıkmaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Lale Karabıyık
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kayhan Çağlar
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülendam Bozdayı
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Paul Moss
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mustafa Necmi İlhan
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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19
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Kimura Y, Ekuban FA, Zong C, Sugie S, Zhang X, Itoh K, Yamamoto M, Ichihara S, Ohsako S, Ichihara G. Role of Nrf2 in 1,2-dichloropropane-induced cell proliferation and DNA damage in the mouse liver. Toxicol Sci 2023; 195:28-41. [PMID: 37326970 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
1,2-Dichloropropane (1,2-DCP) is recognized as the causative chemical of occupational cholangiocarcinoma in printing workers in Japan. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of 1,2-DCP-induced carcinogenesis remains elusive. The present study investigated cellular proliferation, DNA damage, apoptosis, and expression of antioxidant and proinflammatory genes in the liver of mice exposed daily to 1,2-DCP for 5 weeks, and the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in these responses. Wild-type and Nrf2-knockout (Nrf2-/-) mice were administered 1,2-DCP by gastric gavage, and then the livers were collected for analysis. Immunohistochemistry for BrdU or Ki67 and TUNEL assay revealed that exposure to 1,2-DCP dose-dependently increased proliferative cholangiocytes, whereas decreased apoptotic cholangiocytes in wild-type mice but not in Nrf2-/- mice. Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR showed that exposure to 1,2-DCP increased the levels of DNA double-strand break marker γ-H2AX and mRNA expression levels of NQO1, xCT, GSTM1, and G6PD in the livers of wild-type mice in a dose-dependent manner, but no such changes were noted in Nrf2-/- mice. 1,2-DCP increased glutathione levels in the liver of both the wild-type and Nrf2-/- mice, suggesting that an Nrf2-independent mechanism contributes to 1,2-DCP-induced increase in glutathione level. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that exposure to 1,2-DCP induced proliferation but reduced apoptosis in cholangiocytes, and induced double-strand DNA breaks and upregulation of antioxidant genes in the liver in an Nrf2-dependent manner. The study suggests a role of Nrf2 in 1,2-DCP-induced cell proliferation, antiapoptotic effect, and DNA damage, which are recognized as key characteristics of carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kimura
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | - Frederick Adams Ekuban
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | - Cai Zong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Sugie
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Asahi University Murakami Memorial Hospital, Gifu 550-8856, Japan
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Ken Itoh
- Department of Stress Response Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke 329-0431, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Ohsako
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Gaku Ichihara
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Japan
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20
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Zeng T, Li B, Shu X, Pang J, Wang H, Cai X, Liao Y, Xiao X, Chong Y, Gong J, Li X. Pan-cancer analysis reveals that G6PD is a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for a variety of cancers. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1183474. [PMID: 37601657 PMCID: PMC10435888 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1183474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite accumulating evidence revealing that Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is highly expressed in many tumor tissues and plays a remarkable role in cancer tumorigenesis and progression, there is still a lack of G6PD pan-cancer analysis. This study was designed to analyze the expression status and prognostic significance of G6PD in pan-cancer. Methods G6PD expression data were obtained from multiple data resources including the Genotype-Tissue Expression, the Cancer Genome Atlas, and the Tumor Immunity Estimation Resource. These data were used to assess the G6PD expression, prognostic value, and clinical characteristics. The ESTIMATE algorithms were used to analyze the association between G6PD expression and immune-infiltrating cells and the tumor microenvironment. The functional enrichment analysis was also performed across pan-cancer. In addition, the GDSC1 database containing 403 drugs was utilized to explore the relationship between drug sensitivity and G6PD expression levels. Furthermore, we also performed clinical validation and in vitro experiments to further validate the role of G6PD in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and its correlation with prognosis. The R software was used for statistical analysis and data visualization. Results G6PD expression was upregulated in most cancers compared to their normal counterparts. The study also revealed that G6PD expression was a prognostic indicator and high levels of G6PD expression were correlated with worse clinical prognosis including overall survival, disease-specific survival, and progression-free interval in multiple cancers. Furthermore, the G6PD level was also related to cancer immunity infiltration in most of the cancers, especially in KIRC, LGG, and LIHC. In addition to this, G6PD expression was positively related to pathological stages of KIRP, BRCA, KIRC, and LIHC. Functional analysis and protein-protein interactions network results revealed that G6PD was involved in metabolism-related activities, immune responses, proliferation, and apoptosis. Drug sensitivity analysis showed that IC50 values of most identified anti-cancer drugs were positively correlated with the G6PD expression. Notably, in vitro functional validation showed that G6PD knockdown attenuated the phenotypes of proliferation in HCC. Conclusion G6PD may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for cancers and may be a potential therapeutic target gene for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture, Kashi, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Shu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Pang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heping Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianghao Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Liao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Xiao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yutian Chong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Gong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver Disease of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Debruyne AC, Okkelman IA, Dmitriev RI. Balance between the cell viability and death in 3D. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 144:55-66. [PMID: 36117019 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cell death is a phenomenon, frequently perceived as an absolute event for cell, tissue and the organ. However, the rising popularity and complexity of such 3D multicellular 'tissue building blocks' as heterocellular spheroids, organoids, and 'assembloids' prompts to revise the definition and quantification of cell viability and death. It raises several questions on the overall viability of all the cells within 3D volume and on choosing the appropriate, continuous, and non-destructive viability assay enabling for a single-cell analysis. In this review, we look at cell viability and cell death modalities with attention to the intrinsic features of such 3D models as spheroids, organoids, and bioprints. Furthermore, we look at emerging and promising methodologies, which can help define and understand the balance between cell viability and death in dynamic and complex 3D environments. We conclude that the recent innovations in biofabrication, biosensor probe development, and fluorescence microscopy can help answer these questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Debruyne
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Irina A Okkelman
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Ruslan I Dmitriev
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
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22
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Easton ZJW, Sarr O, Zhao L, Buzatto AZ, Luo X, Zhao S, Li L, Regnault TRH. An Integrated Multi-OMICS Approach Highlights Elevated Non-Esterified Fatty Acids Impact BeWo Trophoblast Metabolism and Lipid Processing. Metabolites 2023; 13:883. [PMID: 37623828 PMCID: PMC10456680 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are linked with impaired placental function and early onset of non-communicable cardiometabolic diseases in offspring. Previous studies have highlighted that the dietary non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) palmitate (PA) and oleate (OA), key dietary metabolites associated with maternal obesity and GDM, are potential modulators of placental lipid processing. Using the BeWo cell line model, the current study integrated transcriptomic (mRNA microarray), metabolomic, and lipidomic readouts to characterize the underlying impacts of exogenous PA and OA on placental villous trophoblast cell metabolism. Targeted gas chromatography and thin-layer chromatography highlighted that saturated and monounsaturated NEFAs differentially impact BeWo cell lipid profiles. Furthermore, cellular lipid profiles differed when exposed to single and multiple NEFA species. Additional multi-omic analyses suggested that PA exposure is associated with enrichment in β-oxidation pathways, while OA exposure is associated with enrichment in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways. Overall, this study further demonstrated that dietary PA and OA are important regulators of placental lipid metabolism. Encouraging appropriate dietary advice and implementing dietary interventions to maintain appropriate placental function by limiting excessive exposure to saturated NEFAs remain crucial in managing at-risk obese and GDM pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J. W. Easton
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, Medical Sciences Building Room 216, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (Z.J.W.E.); (O.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ousseynou Sarr
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, Medical Sciences Building Room 216, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (Z.J.W.E.); (O.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, Medical Sciences Building Room 216, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (Z.J.W.E.); (O.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Adriana Zardini Buzatto
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre (TMIC), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; (A.Z.B.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Xian Luo
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre (TMIC), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; (A.Z.B.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Shuang Zhao
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre (TMIC), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; (A.Z.B.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Liang Li
- The Metabolomics Innovation Centre (TMIC), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; (A.Z.B.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (L.L.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Timothy R. H. Regnault
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, Medical Sciences Building Room 216, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (Z.J.W.E.); (O.S.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Western University, B2-401 London Health Science Centre-Victoria Hospital, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON N6H 5W9, Canada
- Children’s Health Research Institute, 800 Commissioners Rd E, London, ON N6C 2V5, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, 750 Base Line Rd E, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
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23
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Zhang L, Cui H, Liu M, Wang W, Li X, Huang H. The role of multi-low molecular weight organic acids on phenanthrene biodegradation: Insight from cellular characteristics and proteomics. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 326:138406. [PMID: 36925006 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are carcinogenic and ubiquitous pollutants that need to be solved. The low-molecular-weight organic acid (LMWOA) holds the promise to accelerate the capacity of microbes to degrade PAHs. However, the degradation mechanism(s) with multi-LMWOAs has not been understood yet, which is closer to the complex environmental biodegradation in nature. Here, we demonstrated a comprehensive cellular and proteomic response pattern by investigating the relationship between a model PAH degrading strain, B. subtilis ZL09-26, and the mixture LMWOAs (citric acid, glutaric acid, and oxalic acid). As a result, multi-LMWOAs introduced a highly enhanced phenanthrene (PHE) degradation efficiency with up to 3.1-fold improvement at 72 h, which is accompanied by the enhancement of strain growth and activity, but the releasement of membrane damages and oxidative stresses. Moreover, a detailed proteomic analysis revealed that the synergistic perturbation of various metabolic pathways jointly governed the change of cellular behaviors and improved PHE degradation in a network manner. The obtained knowledge provides a foundation for designing the artificial LMWOAs mixtures and guides the rational remediation of contaminated soils using bio-stimulation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Haiyang Cui
- RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 55, Aachen, 52062, Germany
| | - Mina Liu
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering and Technology, Shengli Oilfield Company, Sinopec, Dongying, 257067, China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - He Huang
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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24
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Christopoulou I, Kostopoulou E, Matzarapi K, Chasapi SA, Spyroulias GA, Varvarigou A. Identification of Novel Biomarkers in Late Preterm Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) Using Urinary Metabolomic Analysis. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050644. [PMID: 37233686 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Urine metabolomics is gaining traction as a means of identifying metabolic signatures associated with health and disease states. Thirty-one (31) late preterm (LP) neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and 23 age-matched healthy LPs admitted to the maternity ward of a tertiary hospital were included in the study. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy was employed for urine metabolomic analysis on the 1st and 3rd days of life of the neonates. The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistical analysis. A unique metabolic pattern of enhanced metabolites was identified in the NICU-admitted LPs from the 1st day of life. Metabolic profiles were distinct in LPs presenting with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The discrepancies likely reflect differences in the gut microbiota, either due to variations in nutrient intake or as a result of medical interventions, such as the administration of antibiotics and other medications. Altered metabolites could potentially serve as biomarkers for identifying critically ill LP neonates or those at high risk for adverse outcomes later in life, including metabolic risks. The discovery of novel biomarkers may uncover potential targets for drug discovery and optimal periods for effective intervention, offering a personalized approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Christopoulou
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Patras Medical School, General University Hospital, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Eirini Kostopoulou
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Patras Medical School, General University Hospital, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Anastasia Varvarigou
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Patras Medical School, General University Hospital, 26500 Patras, Greece
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25
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Bao Z, Wang D, Zhao Y, Luo T, Yang G, Jin Y. Insights into enhanced toxic effects by the binary mixture of carbendazim and procymidone on hepatic lipid metabolism in mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163648. [PMID: 37094686 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbendazim (CBZ) and procymidone (PRO) are two widely used fungicides in agriculture. However, there are still gaps in knowledge regarding about the potential hazards of joint exposure to CBZ and PRO in animals. Here, 6-week-old ICR mice were exposed to CBZ, PRO and CBZ + PRO for 30 days, and metabolomics were performed to discover the mechanism by which the mixture enhanced the effects on lipid metabolism. Co-exposure to CBZ + PRO elevated the body weights, relative liver weights and relative epididymis fat weights, but not in the single exposure groups. Molecular docking analysis suggested that CBZ and PRO combined with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ) at the same amino acid site as the agonist rosiglitazone. The RT-qPCR and WB results demonstrated that the levels of PPARγ were higher in the co-exposure group than in the single exposure groups. In addition, hundreds of differential metabolites were discovered by metabolomics and enriched in different pathways, such as pentose phosphate pathway and purine metabolism. A unique effect, a decrease in glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) that promoted more NADPH production, was observed in the CBZ + PRO group. These results demonstrated that exposure to CBZ + PRO caused more serious lipid metabolism disorder in the liver than exposure to a single fungicide, which could provide some new insight for the toxic effects after fungicides joint exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Bao
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China; State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dou Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China; State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guilin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Laboratory (Hangzhou) for Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China; Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311231, China.
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China; Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311231, China.
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26
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Liu F, Zhang T, He Y, Zhan W, Xie Q, Lou B. Integration of transcriptome and proteome analyses reveals the regulation mechanisms of Larimichthys polyactis liver exposed to heat stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 135:108704. [PMID: 36958506 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis) is one of the most economically important marine fishery species. L. polyactis aquaculture has experienced stress response and the frequent occurrence of diseases, bringing huge losses to the aquaculture industry. Little is known about the regulation mechanism of heat stress response in L. polyactis. In this study, to provide an overview of the heat-tolerance mechanism of L. polyactis, the transcriptome and proteome of the liver of L. polyactis on the 6 h after high temperature (32 °C) treatment were analyzed using Illumina HiSeq 4000 platform and isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ). A total of 3700 upregulated and 1628 downregulated genes (differentially expressed genes, DEGs) were identified after heat stress in L. polyactis. Also, 198 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), including 117 upregulated and 81 downregulated proteins, were identified. Integrative analysis revealed that 72 genes were significantly differentially expressed at transcriptome and protein levels. Functional analysis showed that arginine biosynthesis, tyrosine metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, starch and sucrose metabolism, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum were the main pathways responding to heat stress. Among the pathways, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum was enriched by most DEGs/DEPs, which suggests that this pathway may play a more important role in the heat stress response. Further insights into the pathway revealed that transcripts and proteins, especially HSPs and PDIs, were differentially expressed in response to heat stress. These findings contribute to existing data describing the fish response to heat stress and provide information about protein levels, which are of great significance to a deeper understanding of the heat stress responding regulation mechanism in L. polyactis and other fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Tianle Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yu He
- College of Life Sciences, Huzhou Normal University, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Wei Zhan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Qingping Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Bao Lou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
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27
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More Than an Antioxidant: Role of Dietary Astaxanthin on Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in the Liver of Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010136. [PMID: 36670998 PMCID: PMC9854815 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of dietary astaxanthin (AX) on glucose and lipid metabolism in rainbow trout liver. Two iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic diets were tested for 12 weeks in rainbow trout with an initial mean weight of 309 g. The S-ASTA diet was supplemented with 100 mg of synthetic AX per kg of feed, whereas the control diet (CTRL) had no AX. Fish fed the S-ASTA diet displayed lower neutral and higher polar lipids in the liver, associated with smaller hepatocytes and lower cytoplasm vacuolization. Dietary AX upregulated adipose triglyceride lipase (atgl), hormone-sensitive lipase (hsl2) and 1,2-diacylglycerol choline phosphotransferase (chpt), and downregulated diacylglycerol acyltransferase (dgat2), suggesting the AX's role in triacylglycerol (TAG) turnover and phospholipid (PL) synthesis. Dietary AX may also affect beta-oxidation with the upregulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (cpt1α2). Although hepatic cholesterol levels were not affected, dietary AX increased gene expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (srebp2). Dietary AX upregulated the expression of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6pgdh) and downregulated pyruvate kinase (pkl). Overall, results suggest that dietary AX modulates the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway and the last step of glycolysis, affecting TAG turnover, β-oxidation, PL and cholesterol synthesis in rainbow trout liver.
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28
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Lasorsa F, di Meo NA, Rutigliano M, Ferro M, Terracciano D, Tataru OS, Battaglia M, Ditonno P, Lucarelli G. Emerging Hallmarks of Metabolic Reprogramming in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020910. [PMID: 36674430 PMCID: PMC9863674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common male malignancy and the fifth leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Prostate cancer cells are characterized by a hybrid glycolytic/oxidative phosphorylation phenotype determined by androgen receptor signaling. An increased lipogenesis and cholesterogenesis have been described in PCa cells. Many studies have shown that enzymes involved in these pathways are overexpressed in PCa. Glutamine becomes an essential amino acid for PCa cells, and its metabolism is thought to become an attractive therapeutic target. A crosstalk between cancer and stromal cells occurs in the tumor microenvironment because of the release of different cytokines and growth factors and due to changes in the extracellular matrix. A deeper insight into the metabolic changes may be obtained by a multi-omic approach integrating genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and radiomics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lasorsa
- Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Antonio di Meo
- Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Rutigliano
- Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Octavian Sabin Tataru
- The Institution Organizing University Doctoral Studies (I.O.S.U.D.), George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Michele Battaglia
- Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Ditonno
- Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: or
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29
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Kaci FN, Lepore A, Papa S, Bubici C. Screening Kinase-Dependent Phosphorylation of Key Metabolic Reprogramming Regulators. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2675:205-218. [PMID: 37258766 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3247-5_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis has been commonly linked to cell proliferation, especially in cancer cells where it serves to generate sufficient energy and biosynthesis of new cell constituents needed for cell growth and division. The M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) catalyzes the last reaction of the glycolytic process. PKM2 promotes the transfer of a phosphate group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP, generating ATP and releasing pyruvate. This rate-limiting reaction relies therefore on the enzymatic activity of PKM2. The switching between the high- and low-activity states of PKM2 is subjected to a combination of allosteric mechanisms and fine-tuned regulation by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. These regulatory mechanisms involve primarily post-translational modifications of PKM2. Recent findings suggest that phosphorylation contributes to the regulation of PKM2 activity.Here, we describe an in vitro kinase assay we used to assess PKM2 phosphorylation by c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), a master regulator of apoptosis, cell proliferation, and differentiation. While the use of phospho-specific antibodies gives information in terms of measuring the effects of a given kinase on its substrate, specific antibodies for newly identified phospho-groups are not readily available. The in vitro kinase assay allows the immediate measuring of phosphorylation of any substrate of interest. Although there are several options that do not use radioactive materials, we continue to rely on this biochemical method for robust quantitation of results. More interestingly, this protocol can be easily adapted to measure the activity of other kinases by using their specific substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Necmiye Kaci
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, St. James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Alessio Lepore
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, St. James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Salvatore Papa
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, St. James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Concetta Bubici
- Department of Life Sciences, Center for Genome Engineering and Maintenance, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK.
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Bhat SA, Farooq Z, Ismail H, Corona-Avila I, Khan MW. Unraveling the Sweet Secrets of HCC: Glucometabolic Rewiring in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231219434. [PMID: 38083797 PMCID: PMC10718058 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231219434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the primary form of liver cancer. It causes ∼ 800 000 deaths per year, which is expected to increase due to increasing rates of obesity and metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Current therapies include immune checkpoint inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies, but these therapies are not satisfactorily effective and often come with multiple side effects and recurrences. Metabolic reprogramming plays a significant role in HCC progression and is often conserved between tumor types. Thus, targeting rewired metabolic pathways could provide an attractive option for targeting tumor cells alone or in conjunction with existing treatments. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify novel targets involved in cancer-mediated metabolic reprogramming in HCC. In this review, we provide an overview of molecular rewiring and metabolic reprogramming of glucose metabolism in HCC to understand better the concepts that might widen the therapeutic window against this deadly cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheraz Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Sri Pratap College, Cluster University Srinagar, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Zeenat Farooq
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hagar Ismail
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Irene Corona-Avila
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Md. Wasim Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Liang Z, Fu Q, Li H, Xu X, Ding P, Tang W, Ye Y, Shao X, Tan X, Wang X, Luo X, Wang J, Wang D, Zhong H, Liu M. Metabolite Comparison between Spleen-Deficiency and Healthy Children. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:5937308. [PMID: 37089718 PMCID: PMC10115538 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5937308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Objective From the perspective of metabolomics, this study compares the metabolomics characteristics of feces and urine between children with spleen-deficiency and healthy children to explain the scientific connotation of children with spleen-deficiency susceptibility to digestive system diseases from the metabolic level and provide a scientific basis for further research. Methods This study included 20 children with spleen-deficiencies and 17 healthy children. Children's symptom scores, height, and weight were recorded in groups, and feces and urine samples were collected. The samples were detected using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The data were analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Related differential metabolites were identified through database comparisons between two groups based on the MS and KEGG. Results Compared to healthy children, the metabolites glucuronic acid, xanthine, and indole-3-acetaldehyde tend to be reduced in children with spleen-deficiency. Moreover, these children showed an increase in metabolites such as quinic acid, adenine, 4-methyl-5-thiazole-ethanol, 3-formyl indole, and 5-hydroxy indole-3-acetic acid. The condition affected many of the critical metabolic pathways, including the metabolism of tryptophan, cysteine, methionine, and pentose phosphate. Conclusion The children with spleen-deficiency had disorders at the metabolic level, which might be due to factors such as diet, personal preferences, and genes, leading to various symptoms, making spleen-deficiency children more prone to suffer from digestive diseases than healthy children. The results set a basis for the research on children's TCM constitution, which can be a reference to further studies to deal with the spleen-deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Liang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Qianzeng Fu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
- Hunan Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Clinical Medicine Research Center, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Haiman Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
- Hunan Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Clinical Medicine Research Center, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Xuan Xu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Panting Ding
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Hunan Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Clinical Medicine Research Center, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Yong Ye
- Hunan Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Clinical Medicine Research Center, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Xiangning Shao
- Hunan Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Clinical Medicine Research Center, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Xiaowen Tan
- Xiangxi Hospital of Chinese Medicine of Tujia and Miao Ethnic Group, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Xiangxi Hospital of Chinese Medicine of Tujia and Miao Ethnic Group, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Xun Luo
- Kerry Rehabilitation Medicine Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Dejun Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Huan Zhong
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Mi Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
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Khan GB, Qasim M, Rasul A, Ashfaq UA, Alnuqaydan AM. Identification of Lignan Compounds as New 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors for Lung Cancer. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010034. [PMID: 36676959 PMCID: PMC9864769 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) enzymes has emerged as a promising strategy to combat cancer. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD), the third critical enzyme of the PPP, catalyzes oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate (6-PG) to produce ribulose-5-phosphate (Ru-5-P) and CO2. Overexpression of 6-PGD has been reported in multiple cancers and is recognized as a potential anticancer drug target. The current study is focused on the utilization of indispensable virtual screening tools for structure-based drug discovery. During the study, 17,000 natural compounds were screened against the 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG) binding site of 6-PGD through a molecular operating environment (MOE), which revealed 115 inhibitors with higher selectivity and binding affinity. Out of the 115 best-fit compounds within the 6-PGD binding cavity, 15 compounds were selected and optimized through stringent in silico ADMET assessment models that justified the desirable pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and physicochemical profiles of 5 ligands. Further protein−ligand stability assessment through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation illustrated three potential hits, secoisolariciresinol, syringaresinol and cleomiscosin A, with stable confirmation. Moreover, 6-PGD inhibitor validation was performed by an in vitro enzymatic assay using human erythrocytes purified 6-PGD protein and A549 cell lysate protein. The results of the in vitro assays supported the in silico findings. In order to gain insight into the anticancer activity of the aforementioned compounds, they were subjected to CLC-Pred, an in silico cytotoxicity browsing tool, which proved their anticancer activity against several cancer cell lines at Pa > 0.5. Additionally, a confirmation for in silico cytotoxicity was made by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for commercially available hits syringaresinol and cleomiscosin A against lung cancer (A549) cells. The results demonstrated that syringaresinol has an IC50 value of 36.9 μg/mL, while cleomiscosin A has an IC50 value of 133 μg/mL. After MTT, flow cytometry analysis confirmed that compounds induced apoptosis in A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. This study suggested that the respective lignan compounds can serve as lead candidates for lung cancer therapy via 6-PGD inhibition. Furthermore, in vivo experiments need to be conducted to confirm their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul Bushra Khan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.Q.); (A.M.A.); Tel.: +966-63800050 (ext. 15411) (A.M.A.)
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah M. Alnuqaydan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.Q.); (A.M.A.); Tel.: +966-63800050 (ext. 15411) (A.M.A.)
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Giorgianni F, Beranova-Giorgianni S. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein causes ribosome reduction and inhibition of protein synthesis in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 32:101345. [PMID: 36204727 PMCID: PMC9530482 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are specialized multifunctional cells indispensable for maintenance of vision. Dysfunction and death of the RPE cells is implicated in the genesis and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Oxidative stress and resulting cellular damage plays a critical mechanistic role in AMD pathogenesis. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), derived from LDL in a pro-oxidative environment, is found adjacent to the RPE as part of drusen, extracellular deposits that are a characteristic clinical feature of AMD. OxLDL is cytotoxic and oxLDL-induced oxidative damage may contribute to functional impairment of the RPE. Therefore, knowledge of how the RPE respond to oxLDL exposure is important to understand the mechanisms underlying RPE dysfunction and death associated with AMD. The objective of this study was to characterize alterations in the RPE proteome triggered by exposure to non-cytotoxic levels of oxLDL. Protein identification and quantification were performed with a high -resolution LC-MS/MS-based proteomics workflow. In total, out of the ca 3000 RPE proteins quantified, oxLDL treatment caused expression changes of 303 proteins. As revealed by protein functional analysis, oxLDL uptake caused a multifaceted molecular response that involved numerous biological pathways. This response included up-regulation of anti-oxidative stress proteins whose expression is mediated by the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), confirming results of transcriptomics studies previously published by us and others. Significantly, and previously unreported, the oxLDL treatment induced down-regulation of ribosomal and translation initiation proteins, and up-regulation of proteins involved in autophagy, thus suggesting that a major cellular mechanism through which the RPE mitigate oxLDL-induced damage involves inhibition of protein synthesis and removal of misfolded proteins. OxLDL causes oxidative stress in the RPE. The proteome of the RPE is impacted by non-lethal doses of OxLDL. Differentially expressed proteins include oxidative stress response and proteins involved in protein synthesis and autophagy. Protein synthesis reduction and increase in autophagy suggest presence of misfolded proteins as a result of OxLDL exposure.
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Yang C, Cui XW, Ding ZW, Jiang TY, Feng XF, Pan YF, Lin YK, Shang TY, Wang Q, Pan J, Wang J, Wang HY, Dong LW. Gankyrin and TIGAR cooperatively accelerate glucose metabolism toward the PPP and TCA cycle in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:4151-4164. [PMID: 36114745 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogene-derived metabolic reprogramming is important for anabolic growth of cancer cells, which is now considered to be not simply rely on glycolysis. Pentose phosphate pathway and tricarboxylic acid cycle also play pivotal roles in helping cancer cells to meet their anabolic and energy demands. The present work focused on gankyrin, a relatively specific oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its impact on glycolysis and mitochondrial homeostasis. Metabolomics, RNA-seq analysis, and subsequent conjoint analysis illustrated that gankyrin regulated the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and mitochondrial function and homeostasis, which play pivotal roles in tumor development. Mechanistically, gankyrin was found to modulate HCC metabolic reprogramming via TIGAR. Gankyrin positively regulated the transcription of TIGAR through Nrf2, which bound to the antioxidant response elements (AREs) in the promoter of TIGAR. Interestingly, TIGAR feedback regulated the transcription of Nrf2 and subsequently gankyrin by promoting nuclear importation of PGC1α. The loop between gankyrin, Nrf2, and TIGAR accelerated glucose metabolism toward the PPP and TCA cycle, which provided vital building blocks, such as NADPH, ATP, and ribose of tumor and further facilitated the progression of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yang
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Cui
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Ding
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Yi Jiang
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Feng
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Fei Pan
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Kai Lin
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tai-Yu Shang
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Wang
- National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Pan
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yang Wang
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University & Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Wei Dong
- International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Liver Cancer, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Yıldız ML, Demir Y, Küfrevioğlu ÖI. Screening of in vitro and in silico effect of Fluorophenylthiourea compounds on glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase enzymes. J Mol Recognit 2022; 35:e2987. [PMID: 36326002 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition studies of enzymes in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) have recently emerged as a promising technique for pharmacological intervention in several illnesses. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) are the most important enzymes of the PPP. For this purpose, in the current study, we examined the effect of some fluorophenylthiourea on G6PD and 6PGD enzyme activity. These compounds exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against G6PD and 6PGD with KI values ranging from 21.60 ± 8.42 to 39.70 ± 11.26 μM, and 15.82 ± 1.54 to 29.97 ± 5.72 μM, respectively. 2,6-difluorophenylthiourea displayed the most potent inhibitory effect for G6PD, and 2-fluorophenylthiourea demonstrated the most substantial inhibitory effect for 6PGD. Furthermore, the molecular docking analyses of the fluorophenylthioureas, competitive inhibitors, were performed to understand the binding interactions at the enzymes' binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
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36
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Chulkova SV, Sholokhova EN, Poddubnaya IV, Stilidi IS, Tupitsyn NN. The analysis of the relationship between transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and clinical, morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics of breast cancer: retrospective cohort study. JOURNAL OF MODERN ONCOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.26442/18151434.2022.3.201821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background. Transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) expression has been identified in a number of malignant tumors. It is noted that its overexpression gives growth advantages to cancer cells. Estimation of transferrin receptor expression in breast cancer (BC) might be an important component in disease prognosis, choice of treatment, also might be an attractive target for targeted therapy.
Aim. To evaluate the expression of TfR1 by BC cells and to study its relationship with the clinical, morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics of the tumor.
Materials and methods. This study included 82 patients with BC who received treatment at the Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology (Moscow). The expression of TfR1 on primary tumor cells was studied, the relationship of TfR1 with clinical, morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics of BC was analyzed. Immunophenotyping of the primary tumor was performed by the immunohistochemical method (immunofluorescent staining) on cryostat sections. Antibodies to CD71, CD95, CD54, CD29, MUC1, Pgp170 were used. The reaction was evaluated using a luminescent microscope (AXIOSKOP, Germany). The study was dominated by patients with stage IIB 54% and IIIB 21%. Infiltrative ductal BC was diagnosed in 67% (n=55) of patients, infiltrative-lobular in 22% (n=18) of cases, other types in 11.0% (n=9).
Results. BC cells expressed TfR1 in most cases (64.4%; n=61). A combination of TfR1 monomorphic expression with MUC1 monomorphic expression (74.4%; n=47) was noted. CD29 is presented both mosaic (38.7%) and monomorphic (51.6%). The Pgp170 antigen was monomorphically observed in 27.5% of cases. As the proportion of TfR+ cells increased, the expression frequency of the adhesion molecule CD54 increased from 10.5 to 33.3%, a positive correlation was established (r=0.293; p=0.008). In the group with TfR1 monomorphic expression, the frequency of tumors expressing the CD95 apoptosis molecule decreased: 25.0% vs 13% (p=0.042).
Conclusion. BC cells overexpress TfR1. TfR1 expression is associated with tumor immunophenotype.
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Alshahrani SH, Ibrahim YS, Jalil AT, Altoum AA, Achmad H, Zabibah RS, Gabr GA, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Alameri AA, Qasim QA, Karampoor S, Mirzaei R. Metabolic reprogramming by miRNAs in the tumor microenvironment: Focused on immunometabolism. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1042196. [PMID: 36483029 PMCID: PMC9723351 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1042196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as a significant modulator of immunity, and their abnormal expression/activity has been linked to numerous human disorders, such as cancer. It is now known that miRNAs potentially modulate the production of several metabolic processes in tumor-associated immune cells and indirectly via different metabolic enzymes that affect tumor-associated signaling cascades. For instance, Let-7 has been identified as a crucial modulator for the long-lasting survival of CD8+ T cells (naive phenotypes) in cancer by altering their metabolism. Furthermore, in T cells, it has been found that enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) expression is controlled via glycolytic metabolism through miRNAs in patients with ovarian cancer. On the other hand, immunometabolism has shown us that cellular metabolic reactions and processes not only generate ATP and biosynthetic intermediates but also modulate the immune system and inflammatory processes. Based on recent studies, new and encouraging approaches to cancer involving the modification of miRNAs in immune cell metabolism are currently being investigated, providing insight into promising targets for therapeutic strategies based on the pivotal role of immunometabolism in cancer. Throughout this overview, we explore and describe the significance of miRNAs in cancer and immune cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadia Hamoud Alshahrani
- Medical Surgical Nursing Department, King Khalid University, Almahala, Khamis Mushate, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousif Saleh Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-maarif University College, Ramadi, Al-Anbar, Iraq
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq
| | - Abdelgadir Alamin Altoum
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Harun Achmad
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Rahman S. Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Gamal A. Gabr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Laboratory of Psychometry and Ethology, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, Universidad CES, Medellin, Colombia
| | | | | | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Monsalve A, Canals I, Oburoglu L. FOXO1 regulates pentose phosphate pathway-mediated induction of developmental erythropoiesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1039636. [PMID: 36313554 PMCID: PMC9596918 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1039636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Primitive, neonatal and adult erythroid cells have been previously shown to have an active pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) that fuels various processes. However, it is unclear whether the PPP plays a role during the emergence of erythroid progenitors from hemogenic endothelium (HE). In this study, we explored PPP and its genetic regulation in developmental erythropoiesis. We induced hematopoietic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to obtain HE cells. These cells were treated with lentiviral vectors harboring shRNAs against FOXO1, or with inhibitors against the PPP, NRF2 or AKT. Erythroid differentiation, proliferation and frequency were evaluated by flow cytometry. Gene expression was assessed by qPCR or by analysis of available RNAseq data. We found that PPP is indispensable for the erythroid differentiation of HE cells and it partially fuels nucleotide biosynthesis. Moreover, we showed that NRF2 and AKT are essential, while FOXO1 is detrimental, for HE-derived erythroid differentiation. In contrast, blocking FOXO1 expression did not affect erythroid differentiation of cord-blood HSPCs. Mechanistically, FOXO1 inhibition in HE cells led to an increase in the non-oxidative branch of the PPP. During developmental erythropoiesis, the gradual decrease in FOXO1 activates the PPP and fuels nucleotide biosynthesis and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuntxi Monsalve
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Isaac Canals
- Neurology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Leal Oburoglu
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Leal Oburoglu,
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Yin J, Ju Y, Qian H, Wang J, Miao X, Zhu Y, Zhou L, Ye L. Nanoplastics and Microplastics May Be Damaging Our Livers. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10100586. [PMID: 36287866 PMCID: PMC9610555 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Plastics in the environment can be degraded and even broken into pieces under the action of natural factors, and the degraded products with a particle size of less than 5 mm are called microplastics (MPs). MPs exist in a variety of environmental media that come into contact with the human body. It can enter the body through environmental media and food chains. At present, there are many studies investigating the damage of MPs to marine organisms and mammals. The liver is the largest metabolizing organ and plays an important role in the metabolism of MPs in the body. However, there is no available systematic review on the toxic effects of MPs on the liver. This paper summarizes the adverse effects and mechanisms of MPs on the liver, by searching the literature and highlighting the studies that have been published to date, and provides a scenario for the liver toxicity caused by MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Yin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ye Ju
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Honghao Qian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaohan Miao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Liting Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 40 regulates piglet performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status and gut microbiota. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 12:116-127. [PMID: 36632621 PMCID: PMC9826887 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics can improve animal growth performance and intestinal health. Bacillus species, Lactobacillus species, Bifidobacterium species, yeast etc. are the common types of probiotics. However, understanding the effects of probiotics on the immune status and gut microbiota of weaning piglets and how the probiotics exert their impact are still limited. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 40 (BA40) on the performance, immune status and gut microbiota of piglets. A total of 12 litters of newborn piglets were randomly divided into 3 groups. Piglets in control group were orally dosed with phosphate buffered saline; BA40 group and probiotics group were orally gavaged with resuspension BA40 and a probiotics product, respectively. The results showed that BA40 treatment significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the diarrhea incidence (from d 5 to 40), diamine oxidase, D-lactate, interleukin (IL)-1β and interferon-γ concentrations compared with control group and probiotics group. Meanwhile BA40 dramatically increased the total antioxidant capacity, IL-10 and secretory immunoglobulin-A concentrations in contrast to control group. For the microbial composition, BA40 modulated the microbiota by improving the abundance of Bacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium (producing short-chain fatty acids) and Desulfovibrio and reducing the proliferation of pathogens (Streptococcus, Tyzzerella, Vellionella and paraeggerthella). Meanwhile, a metabolic function prediction explained that carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism enriched in BA40 group in contrast to control group and probiotics group. For correlation analysis, the results demonstrated that BA40-enriched Phascolarctobacterium and Desulfovibrio provide insights into strategies for elevating the health status and performance of weaned piglets. Altogether, BA40 exerted stronger ability in decreasing diarrhea incidence and improved antioxidant activity, gut barrier function and immune status of piglets than the other treatments. Our study provided the experimental and theoretical basis for the application of BA40 in pig production.
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Rodríguez-González GL, Vargas-Hernández L, Reyes-Castro LA, Ibáñez CA, Bautista CJ, Lomas-Soria C, Itani N, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Espejel-Nuñez A, Flores-Pliego A, Montoya-Estrada A, Reyes-Muñoz E, Taylor PD, Nathanielsz PW, Zambrano E. Resveratrol Supplementation in Obese Pregnant Rats Improves Maternal Metabolism and Prevents Increased Placental Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101871. [PMID: 36290594 PMCID: PMC9598144 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity (MO) causes maternal and fetal oxidative stress (OS) and metabolic dysfunction. We investigated whether supplementing obese mothers with resveratrol improves maternal metabolic alterations and reduces OS in the placenta and maternal and fetal liver. From weaning through pregnancy female Wistar rats ate chow (C) or a high-fat diet (MO). One month before mating until 19 days’ gestation (dG), half the rats received 20 mg resveratrol/kg/d orally (Cres and MOres). At 19dG, maternal body weight, retroperitoneal fat adipocyte size, metabolic parameters, and OS biomarkers in the placenta and liver were determined. MO mothers showed higher body weight, triglycerides and leptin serum concentrations, insulin resistance (IR), decreased small and increased large adipocytes, liver fat accumulation, and hepatic upregulation of genes related to IR and inflammatory processes. Placenta, maternal and fetal liver OS biomarkers were augmented in MO. MOres mothers showed more small and fewer large adipocytes, lower triglycerides serum concentrations, IR and liver fat accumulation, downregulation of genes related to IR and inflammatory processes, and lowered OS in mothers, placentas, and female fetal liver. Maternal resveratrol supplementation in obese rats improves maternal metabolism and reduces placental and liver OS of mothers and fetuses in a sex-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe L. Rodríguez-González
- Reproductive Biology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Lilia Vargas-Hernández
- Reproductive Biology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia No. 4 Luis Castelazo Ayala, Mexico City 01090, Mexico
| | - Luis A. Reyes-Castro
- Reproductive Biology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Carlos A. Ibáñez
- Reproductive Biology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Claudia J. Bautista
- Reproductive Biology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Consuelo Lomas-Soria
- Reproductive Biology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- CONACyT-Cátedras, Reproductive Biology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Nozomi Itani
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King’s College London and King’s Health Partners, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Guadalupe Estrada-Gutierrez
- Research Direction, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Aurora Espejel-Nuñez
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Arturo Flores-Pliego
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Araceli Montoya-Estrada
- Coordination of Gynecological and Perinatal Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Enrique Reyes-Muñoz
- Coordination of Gynecological and Perinatal Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Paul D. Taylor
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King’s College London and King’s Health Partners, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Peter W. Nathanielsz
- Wyoming Center for Pregnancy and Life Course Health Research, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Elena Zambrano
- Reproductive Biology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5487-0900 (ext. 2417)
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Metabolic Reprogramming in Tumor Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911052. [PMID: 36232355 PMCID: PMC9570383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic crosstalk between the different components of the tumor microenvironment is critical to determine cancer progression, metastatic dissemination, tumor immunity, and therapeutic responses. Angiogenesis is critical for tumor growth, and abnormal blood vessels contribute to hypoxia and acidosis in the tumor microenvironment. In this hostile environment, cancer and stromal cells have the ability to alter their metabolism in order to support the high energetic demands and favor rapid tumor proliferation. Recent advances have shown that tumor endothelial cell metabolism is reprogrammed, and that targeting endothelial metabolic pathways impacts developmental and pathological vessel sprouting. Therefore, the use of metabolic antiangiogenic therapies to normalize the blood vasculature, in combination with immunotherapies, offers a clinical niche to treat cancer.
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Figueroa JD, Fuentes-Lemus E, Reyes JS, Loaiza M, Aliaga ME, Fierro A, Leinisch F, Hägglund P, Davies MJ, López-Alarcón C. Role of amino acid oxidation and protein unfolding in peroxyl radical and peroxynitrite-induced inactivation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:292-306. [PMID: 35987422 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the inactivation of Leuconostoc mesenteroides glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) induced by peroxyl radicals (ROO●) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-), were explored. G6PDH was incubated with AAPH (2,2' -azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)dihydrochloride), used as ROO● source, and ONOO-. Enzymatic activity was assessed by NADPH generation, while oxidative modifications were analyzed by gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography (LC) with fluorescence and mass detection. Changes in protein conformation were studied by circular dichroism (CD) and binding of the fluorescent dye ANS (1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid). Incubation of G6PDH (54.4 μM) with 60 mM AAPH showed an initial phase without significant changes in enzymatic activity, followed by a secondary time-dependent continuous decrease in activity to ∼59% of the initial level after 90 min. ONOO- induced a significant and concentration-dependent loss of G6PDH activity with ∼46% of the initial activity lost on treatment with 1.5 mM ONOO-. CD and ANS fluorescence indicated changes in G6PDH secondary structure with exposure of hydrophobic sites on exposure to ROO●, but not ONOO-. LC-MS analysis provided evidence for ONOO--mediated oxidation of Tyr, Met and Trp residues, with damage to critical Met and Tyr residues underlying enzyme inactivation, but without effects on the native (dimeric) state of the protein. In contrast, studies using chloramine T, a specific oxidant of Met, provided evidence that oxidation of specific Met and Trp residues and concomitant protein unfolding, loss of dimer structure and protein aggregation are involved in G6PDH inactivation by ROO●. These two oxidant systems therefore have markedly different effects on G6PDH structure and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan David Figueroa
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Departamento de Química Física, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Juan Sebastián Reyes
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Departamento de Química Física, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matías Loaiza
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Departamento de Química Física, Santiago, Chile
| | - Margarita E Aliaga
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Departamento de Química Física, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angélica Fierro
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile(,) Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabian Leinisch
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Hägglund
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael J Davies
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilo López-Alarcón
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Departamento de Química Física, Santiago, Chile.
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Eoh H, Liu R, Lim J, Lee JJ, Sell P. Central carbon metabolism remodeling as a mechanism to develop drug tolerance and drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:958240. [PMID: 36072228 PMCID: PMC9441700 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.958240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Suboptimal efficacy of the current antibiotic regimens and frequent emergence of antibiotic-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), an etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), render TB the world’s deadliest infectious disease before the COVID-19 outbreak. Our outdated TB treatment method is designed to eradicate actively replicating populations of Mtb. Unfortunately, accumulating evidence suggests that a small population of Mtb can survive antimycobacterial pressure of antibiotics by entering a “persister” state (slowly replicating or non-replicating and lacking a stably heritable antibiotic resistance, termed drug tolerance). The formation of drug-tolerant Mtb persisters is associated with TB treatment failure and is thought to be an adaptive strategy for eventual development of permanent genetic mutation-mediated drug resistance. Thus, the molecular mechanisms behind persister formation and drug tolerance acquisition are a source of new antibiotic targets to eradicate both Mtb persisters and drug-resistant Mtb. As Mtb persisters are genetically identical to antibiotic susceptible populations, metabolomics has emerged as a vital biochemical tool to differentiate these populations by determining phenotypic shifts and metabolic reprogramming. Metabolomics, which provides detailed insights into the molecular basis of drug tolerance and resistance in Mtb, has unique advantages over other techniques by its ability to identify specific metabolic differences between the two genetically identical populations. This review summarizes the recent advances in our understanding of the metabolic adaptations used by Mtb persisters to achieve intrinsic drug tolerance and facilitate the emergence of drug resistance. These findings present metabolomics as a powerful tool to identify previously unexplored antibiotic targets and improved combinations of drug regimens against drug-resistant TB infection.
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Zhang Y, Xu Y, Lu W, Li J, Yu S, Brown EJ, Stanger BZ, Rabinowitz JD, Yang X. G6PD-mediated increase in de novo NADP + biosynthesis promotes antioxidant defense and tumor metastasis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo0404. [PMID: 35857842 PMCID: PMC9299539 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Metastasizing cancer cells are able to withstand high levels of oxidative stress through mechanisms that are poorly understood. Here, we show that under various oxidative stress conditions, pancreatic cancer cells markedly expand NADPH and NADP+ pools. This expansion is due to up-regulation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), which stimulates the cytoplasmic nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase (NADK1) to produce NADP+ while converting NADP+ to NADPH. G6PD is activated by the transcription factor TAp73, which is, in turn, regulated by two pathways. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor-2 suppresses expression of the ubiquitin ligase PIRH2, stabilizing the TAp73 protein. Checkpoint kinases 1/2 and E2F1 induce expression of the TAp73 gene. Levels of G6PD and its upstream activators are elevated in metastatic pancreatic cancer. Knocking down G6PD impedes pancreatic cancer metastasis, whereas forced G6PD expression promotes it. These findings reveal an intracellular network that maintains redox homeostasis through G6PD-mediated increase in de novo NADP+ biosynthesis, which may be co-opted by tumor cells to enable metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wenyun Lu
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Jinyang Li
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sixiang Yu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Eric J. Brown
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ben Z. Stanger
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joshua D. Rabinowitz
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Xiaolu Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Chowdhury S, Kar A, Bhowmik D, Gautam A, Basak D, Sarkar I, Ghosh P, Sarkar D, Deka A, Chakraborty P, Mukhopadhyay A, Mehrotra S, Basak S, Paul S, Chatterjee S. Intracellular Acetyl CoA Potentiates the Therapeutic Efficacy of Antitumor CD8+ T Cells. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2640-2655. [PMID: 35648389 PMCID: PMC7613107 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-4052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Effector CD8+ T cells rely primarily on glucose metabolism to meet their biosynthetic and functional needs. However, nutritional limitations in the tumor microenvironment can cause T-cell hyporesponsiveness. Therefore, T cells must acquire metabolic traits enabling sustained effector function at the tumor site to elicit a robust antitumor immune response. Here, we report that IL12-stimulated CD8+ T cells have elevated intracellular acetyl CoA levels and can maintain IFNγ levels in nutrient-deprived, tumor-conditioned media (TCM). Pharmacological and metabolic analyses demonstrated an active glucose-citrate-acetyl CoA circuit in IL12-stimulated CD8+ T cells supporting an intracellular pool of acetyl CoA in an ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY)-dependent manner. Intracellular acetyl CoA levels enhanced histone acetylation, lipid synthesis, and IFNγ production, improving the metabolic and functional fitness of CD8+ T cells in tumors. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic knockdown of ACLY severely impaired IFNγ production and viability of CD8+ T cells in nutrient-restricted conditions. Furthermore, CD8+ T cells cultured in high pyruvate-containing media in vitro acquired critical metabolic features of IL12-stimulated CD8+ T cells and displayed improved antitumor potential upon adoptive transfer in murine lymphoma and melanoma models. Overall, this study delineates the metabolic configuration of CD8+ T cells required for stable effector function in tumors and presents an affordable approach to promote the efficacy of CD8+ T cells for adoptive T-cell therapy. SIGNIFICANCE IL12-mediated metabolic reprogramming increases intracellular acetyl CoA to promote the effector function of CD8+ T cells in nutrient-depleted tumor microenvironments, revealing strategies to potentiate the antitumor efficacy of T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehanshu Chowdhury
- Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Anwesha Kar
- Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Debaleena Bhowmik
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.,Division of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Anupam Gautam
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,International Max Planck Research School “From Molecules to Organisms,” Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Debashree Basak
- Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ishita Sarkar
- Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Puspendu Ghosh
- Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Deborpita Sarkar
- Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Alvina Deka
- System Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - Paramita Chakraborty
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, South Carolina, Charleston
| | - Asima Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Shikhar Mehrotra
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, South Carolina, Charleston
| | - Soumen Basak
- System Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandip Paul
- Center for Health Science and Technology, JIS Institute of Advanced Studies and Research, JIS University, Kolkata, India
| | - Shilpak Chatterjee
- Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.,Corresponding Author: Shilpak Chatterjee, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C Mallick Road, Kolkata 700032, India. Phone: 33-2499-5700, ext. 3013; E-mail:
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Morganti C, Cabezas-Wallscheid N, Ito K. Metabolic Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Hemasphere 2022; 6:e740. [PMID: 35785147 PMCID: PMC9242402 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolism is a key regulator of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance. HSCs rely on anaerobic glycolysis for energy production to minimize the production of reactive oxygen species and shift toward mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation upon differentiation. However, increasing evidence has shown that HSCs still maintain a certain level of mitochondrial activity in quiescence, and exhibit high mitochondrial membrane potential, which both support proper HSC function. Since glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle are not directly connected in HSCs, other nutrient pathways, such as amino acid and fatty acid metabolism, generate acetyl-CoA and provide it to the TCA cycle. In this review, we discuss recent insights into the regulatory roles of cellular metabolism in HSCs. Understanding the metabolic requirements of healthy HSCs is of critical importance to the development of new therapies for hematological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Morganti
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Departments of Cell Biology and Stem Cell Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Keisuke Ito
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Departments of Cell Biology and Stem Cell Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center and Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Szczepański J, Tuszewska H, Trotsko N. Anticancer Profile of Rhodanines: Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) and Molecular Targets-A Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123750. [PMID: 35744873 PMCID: PMC9231410 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The rhodanine core is a well-known privileged heterocycle in medicinal chemistry. The rhodanines, as subtypes of thiazolidin-4-ones, show a broad spectrum of biological activity, including anticancer properties. This review aims to analyze the anticancer features of the rhodanines described over the last decade in the scientific literature. The structure–activity relationship of rhodanine derivatives, as well as some of the molecular targets, were discussed. The information contained in this review could be of benefit to the design of new, effective small molecules with anticancer potential among rhodanine derivatives or their related heterocycles.
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Fiorello ML, Treweeke AT, Macfarlane DP, Megson IL. Intermittent exposure of cultured endothelial cells to physiologically relevant fructose concentrations has a profound impact on nitric oxide production and bioenergetics. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267675. [PMID: 35560114 PMCID: PMC9106152 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycaemia is known to induce endothelial dysfunction and changes in metabolic function, which could be implicated in diabetes-induced cardiovascular disease. To date, however, little is known about the impact of physiologically relevant concentrations of fructose on endothelial cells. A novel in vitro model was devised to establish the impact of substitution of a small proportion of glucose with an equal concentration (0.1 mM or 1 mM) of fructose on EA.hy926 endothelial cells during periodic carbohydrate “meals” superimposed on a normoglycaemic (5.5 mM) background. Parallel experiments were conducted using meals consisting of normoglycaemic glucose, intermediate glucose (12.5 mM) or profound hyperglycaemia (25 mM), each delivered for 2 h, with and without substituted fructose over 50 h. Outcome measures included nitrite as a surrogate marker of the mediator of healthy endothelial function, nitric oxide (NO), and a range of bioenergetic parameters using a metabolic analyser. Despite its relatively low proportion of carbohydrate load, intermittent fructose induced a substantial reduction (approximately 90%) in NO generation in cells treated with either concentration of fructose. Cell markers of oxidative stress were not altered by this treatment regimen. However, the cells experienced a marked increase in metabolic activity induced by fructose, irrespective of the glucose concentration delivered simultaneously in the “meals”. Indeed, glucose alone failed to induce any metabolic impact in this model. Key metabolic findings were a 2-fold increase in basal oxygen consumption rate and a similar change in extracellular acidification rate–a marker of glycolysis. Non-metabolic oxygen consumption also increased substantially in cells exposed to fructose. There was no difference between results with 0.1 mM fructose and those with 1 mM fructose. Low, physiologically relevant concentrations of fructose, delivered in a pattern that mimics mealtime consumption, had a profound impact on endothelial function and bioenergetics in an in vitro cell model. The results suggest that endothelial cells are exquisitely sensitive to circulating fructose; the potential ensuing dysfunction could have major implications for development of atherosclerotic disease associated with high fructose consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Fiorello
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Highlands & Islands, Inverness, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew T. Treweeke
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Highlands & Islands, Inverness, United Kingdom
| | - David P. Macfarlane
- Department of Diabetes, NHS Highland, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, United Kingdom
| | - Ian L. Megson
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of the Highlands & Islands, Inverness, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Dabi YT, Andualem H, Degechisa ST, Gizaw ST. Targeting Metabolic Reprogramming of T-Cells for Enhanced Anti-Tumor Response. Biologics 2022; 16:35-45. [PMID: 35592358 PMCID: PMC9113448 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s365490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is an effective treatment option against cancer. One of the approaches of cancer immunotherapy is the modification of T cell-based anti-tumor immune responses. T-cells, a type of adaptive immune response cells responsible for cell-mediated immunity, have long been recognized as key regulators of immune-mediated anti-tumor immunity. T-cell activities have been reported to be suppressed or enhanced by changes in cell metabolism. Moreover, metabolic reprogramming during activation of T cells is required for the development of distinct differentiation profiles of these cells, which may allow the development of long-term cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity. However, T cells have been shown to undergo metabolic exhaustion in tumor microenvironment (TME) as it poses several obstacles to their function. Applications of several mechanistic solutions to improve the efficacy of T cell-based therapies including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy are yet to be determined. Modifying the metabolic properties of these cells and employing them in cancer immunotherapy is a potential strategy for improving their anti-tumor activity and therapeutic efficacy. To give an insight, in this review paper, we endeavoured to cover metabolic reprogramming in cancer and T cells, signalling mechanisms involved in immuno-metabolic regulation, the effects of the TME on T cell metabolic fitness, and targeting metabolic reprogramming of T cells for an enhanced anti-tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosef Tsegaye Dabi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Yosef Tsegaye Dabi, Tel +251911364465, Email
| | - Henok Andualem
- Immunology and Molecular Biology, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Sisay Teka Degechisa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Tebeje Gizaw
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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