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Kodzik N, Ciereszko A, Szczepkowska B, Malinowska A, Dietrich MA. Comparative proteomic analysis of the ovarian fluid and eggs of Siberian sturgeon. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:451. [PMID: 38714919 PMCID: PMC11077782 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10309-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sturgeon species are living fossils that exhibit unique reproductive characteristics, and elucidation of the molecular processes governing the formation and quality of sturgeon eggs is crucial. However, comprehensive data on the protein composition of sturgeon ovarian fluid (OF) and eggs and their functional significance are lacking. To address this knowledge gap, the aim of the present study was to conduct a comprehensive comparative proteomic analysis of Siberian sturgeon OF and eggs using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS A total of 617 proteins were identified in OF, and 565 proteins were identified in eggs. A total of 772 proteins showed differential abundance. Among the differentially abundant proteins, 365 were more abundant in OFs, while 407 were more abundant in eggs. We identified 339 proteins unique to OFs and 287 proteins specific to eggs, and further investigated the top 10 most abundant proteins in each. The functional annotation of the OF proteins highlighted their predominant association with immune system processes, including the complement and coagulation cascade, neutrophil and leukocyte-mediated immunity, cholesterol metabolism, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Analysis of egg proteins revealed enrichment in metabolic pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism, and protein ubiquitination and translation. OF-specific proteins included extracellular matrix and secretory vesicles, and eggs were enriched in proteins localized to mitochondria and ribosome components. CONCLUSIONS This study presents the first comprehensive characterization of the protein composition of sturgeon OF and eggs and elucidates their distinct functional roles. These findings advance our understanding of sturgeon reproduction, OF-egg signaling and the origin of OF proteins. The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange Consortium with the dataset identifier PXD044168 to ensure accessibility for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kodzik
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, Olsztyn, 10-748, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ciereszko
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, Olsztyn, 10-748, Poland
| | - Bożena Szczepkowska
- Department of Sturgeon Fish Breeding, Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, Pozezdrze, Pieczarki, 11-610, Poland
| | - Agata Malinowska
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, Warsaw, Warszawa, 02-106, Poland
| | - Mariola Aleksandra Dietrich
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, Olsztyn, 10-748, Poland.
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2
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Valero Y, Mercado L, Arizcun M, Cuesta A, Chaves-Pozo E. Priming European Sea Bass Female Broodstock Improves the Antimicrobial Immunity of Their Offspring. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030415. [PMID: 36766303 PMCID: PMC9913748 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquiring immunocompetence is essential in the development of fish embryos, as they are exposed to environmental pathogens even before they are fertilized. Despite the importance of the antimicrobial function as the first line of defense against foreign microorganisms, little knowledge is available about its role in larval development. In vertebrates, transgenerational immune priming influences the acquisition of immunocompetence of specimens, regulating the selective allocation of nongenetic resources to their progeny and modulating their development. In this work, we primed teleost European sea bass broodstock females with a viral protein expression vector in order to evaluate the innate immunity development of their offspring. Several antimicrobial functions, the pattern of expression of gene coding for different antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), and their protein levels, were evaluated in eggs and larvae during development. Our data determined the presence of antimicrobial proteins of maternal origin in eggs, and that female vaccination increases antimicrobial activities and the transcription and synthesis of AMPs during larval development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulema Valero
- Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Spanish National Research Council, Carretera de la Azohía s/n, Puerto de Mazarrón, 30860 Murcia, Spain
- Grupo de Marcadores Inmunológicos, Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2362807, Chile
| | - Luis Mercado
- Grupo de Marcadores Inmunológicos, Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2362807, Chile
| | - Marta Arizcun
- Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Spanish National Research Council, Carretera de la Azohía s/n, Puerto de Mazarrón, 30860 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Chaves-Pozo
- Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Spanish National Research Council, Carretera de la Azohía s/n, Puerto de Mazarrón, 30860 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-968153339; Fax: +34-968153934
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3
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Lim J, Hong S. Transcriptome Analysis in the Head Kidney of Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) Immunized with a Combined Vaccine of Formalin-Inactivated Aeromonas salmonicida and Vibrio anguillarum. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9111234. [PMID: 34835165 PMCID: PMC8619301 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the molecular mechanisms regulated by a combined vaccine against Aeromonas salmonicida and Vibrio anguillarum (O1 serotype). These bacteria cause furunculosis and vibriosis, respectively, and are associated with a high mortality in rainbow trout in Korea. The vaccine upregulated gene expression of TCRα, T-bet, sIgM, and mIgM, markers of an activated adaptive immune response. On days 1, 3, and 5, transcriptome analysis revealed 862 (430 up- and 432 downregulated), 492 (204 up- and 288 downregulated), and 741 (270 up- and 471 downregulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis identified 377 (108 MF, 132 CC, 137 BP), 302 (60 MF, 180 CC, 62 BP), and 314 (115 MF, 129 CC, 70 BP) GOs at days 1, 3, and 5, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genetic and Genomic enrichment analysis identified eight immune system-related pathways like cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, NF-kappaB signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, cytosolic DNA sensing pathway, cell adhesion molecule, complement and coagulation cascade, and antigen processing and presentation. In the analysis of the protein–protein interaction of immune-related DEGs, a total of 59, 21, and 21 interactional relationships were identified at days 1, 3, and 5, respectively, with TNF having the highest centrality at all three time points.
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4
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Hou ZS, Xin YR, Yang XD, Zeng C, Zhao HK, Liu MQ, Zhang MZ, Daniel JG, Li JF, Wen HS. Transcriptional Profiles of Genes Related to Stress and Immune Response in Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) Symptomatically or Asymptomatically Infected With Vibrio anguillarum. Front Immunol 2021; 12:639489. [PMID: 33968031 PMCID: PMC8097155 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.639489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is one of the most common aquaculture fish species worldwide. Vibriosis disease outbreaks cause significant setbacks to aquaculture. The stress and immune responses are bidirectionally modulated in response to the health challenges. Therefore, an investigation into the regulatory mechanisms of the stress and immune responses in trout is invaluable for identifying potential vibriosis treatments. We investigated the transcriptional profiles of genes associated with stress and trout immune functions after Vibrio anguillarum infection. We compared the control trout (CT, 0.9% saline injection), asymptomatic trout (AT, surviving trout with minor or no symptoms after bacteria injection), and symptomatic trout (ST, moribund trout with severe symptoms after bacteria injection). Our results showed activated immunomodulatory genes in the cytokine network and downregulated glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors in both AT and ST, indicating activation of the proinflammatory cytokine cascade as a common response in AT and ST. Moreover, the AT specifically activated the complement- and TNF-associated immune defenses in response to V. anguillarum infection. However, the complement and coagulation cascades, as well as steroid hormone homeostasis in ST, were disturbed by V. anguillarum. Our studies provide new insights toward understanding regulatory mechanisms in stress and immune functions in response to diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Shuai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan-Ru Xin
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Chu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong-Kui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Meng-Qun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Mei-Zhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jeffrey G Daniel
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Ji-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Hai-Shen Wen
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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5
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Karami AM, Ødegård J, Marana MH, Zuo S, Jaafar R, Mathiessen H, von Gersdorff Jørgensen L, Kania PW, Dalsgaard I, Nielsen T, Buchmann K. A Major QTL for Resistance to Vibrio anguillarum in Rainbow Trout. Front Genet 2020; 11:607558. [PMID: 33447254 PMCID: PMC7802751 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.607558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic selection of disease resistant fish is a major strategy to improve health, welfare and sustainability in aquaculture. Mapping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the fish genome may be a fruitful tool to define relevant quantitative trait loci (QTL) and we here show its use for characterization of Vibrio anguillarum resistant rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fingerlings were exposed to the pathogen V. anguillarum serotype O1 in a solution of 1.5 × 107 cfu/ml and observed for 14 days. Disease signs appeared 3 days post exposure (dpe) whereafter mortality progressed exponentially until 6 dpe reaching a total mortality of 55% within 11 days. DNA was sampled from all fish – including survivors – and analyzed on a 57 k Affymetrix SNP platform whereby it was shown that disease resistance was associated with a major QTL on chromosome 21 (Omy 21). Gene expression analyses showed that diseased fish activated genes associated with innate and adaptive immune responses. The possible genes associated with resistance are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma M Karami
- Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Moonika H Marana
- Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shaozhi Zuo
- Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rzgar Jaafar
- Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Heidi Mathiessen
- Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise von Gersdorff Jørgensen
- Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per W Kania
- Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inger Dalsgaard
- Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Kurt Buchmann
- Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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6
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Barroso C, Carvalho P, Carvalho C, Santarém N, Gonçalves JFM, Rodrigues PNS, Neves JV. The Diverse Piscidin Repertoire of the European Sea Bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax): Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134613. [PMID: 32610543 PMCID: PMC7369796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish rely on their innate immune responses to cope with the challenging aquatic environment, with antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) being one of the first line of defenses. Piscidins are a group of fish specific AMPs isolated in several species. However, in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchuslabrax), the piscidin family remains poorly understood. We identified six different piscidins in sea bass, performed an in-depth molecular characterization and evaluated their antimicrobial activities against several bacterial and parasitic pathogens. Sea bass piscidins present variable amino acid sequences and antimicrobial activities, and can be divided in different sub groups: group 1, formed by piscidins 1 and 4; group 2, constituted by piscidins 2 and 5, and group 3, formed by piscidins 6 and 7. Additionally, we demonstrate that piscidins 1 to 5 possess a broad effect on multiple microorganisms, including mammalian parasites, while piscidins 6 and 7 have poor antibacterial and antiparasitic activities. These results raise questions on the functions of these peptides, particularly piscidins 6 and 7. Considering their limited antimicrobial activity, these piscidins might have other functional roles, but further studies are necessary to better understand what roles might those be.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Barroso
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.C.); (N.S.); (P.N.S.R.); (J.V.N.)
- Iron and Innate Immunity, IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Programa Doutoral em Biologia Molecular e Celular (MCbiology), ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Pedro Carvalho
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.C.); (J.F.M.G.)
| | - Carla Carvalho
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.C.); (N.S.); (P.N.S.R.); (J.V.N.)
- Parasite Disease, IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Santarém
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.C.); (N.S.); (P.N.S.R.); (J.V.N.)
- Parasite Disease, IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - José F. M. Gonçalves
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.C.); (J.F.M.G.)
- CIIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro N. S. Rodrigues
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.C.); (N.S.); (P.N.S.R.); (J.V.N.)
- Iron and Innate Immunity, IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.C.); (J.F.M.G.)
| | - João V. Neves
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (C.C.); (N.S.); (P.N.S.R.); (J.V.N.)
- Iron and Innate Immunity, IBMC—Instituto de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (P.C.); (J.F.M.G.)
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7
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Piscidin, Fish Antimicrobial Peptide: Structure, Classification, Properties, Mechanism, Gene Regulation and Therapeutical Importance. Int J Pept Res Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-020-10068-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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8
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León R, Ruiz M, Valero Y, Cárdenas C, Guzman F, Vila M, Cuesta A. Exploring small cationic peptides of different origin as potential antimicrobial agents in aquaculture. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:720-727. [PMID: 31730928 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) form part of the innate immune response, which is of vital importance in fish, especially in eggs and early larval stages. Compared to antibiotics, AMPs show action against a wider spectrum of pathogens, including viruses, fungi and parasites, are more friendly to the environment, and do not seem to generate resistance in bacteria. Thus, we have tested in vitro the potential use of several synthetic peptides as antimicrobial agents in aquaculture: frog Caerin1.1, European sea bass Dicentracin (Dic) and NK-lysin peptides (NKLPs) and sole NKLP27. Our results demonstrate that the highest bactericidal activity against both human and fish pathogens was obtained with Caerin1.1 followed by sea bass Dic and NKLPs, having the sea bass NKLP20.2 none to negligible activity. Interestingly, Aeromonas salmonicida was refractory to all the fish peptides tested. Regarding the antiviral activity, synthetic peptides were able to inhibit the viral infection of nodavirus (NNV), viral septicaemia haemorrhagic virus (VHSV), infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) and spring viremia carp virus (SVCV), which are some of the most devastating virus for aquaculture. However, their effectiveness was highly dependent on the type of virus. Strikingly, IPNV resulted the most resistant virus since Caeerin1.1 and sea bass NKLP20.2 were unable to reduce its titre and the other peptides tested only reduced it to values in the 43-78% range. These data demonstrate that synthetic peptides have great antibacterial and antiviral in vitro activity against important fish pathogens and point to their use as potential therapeutic agents in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa León
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Universidad de Huelva, 2110, Huelva, Spain
| | - María Ruiz
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Yulema Valero
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain; Grupo de Marcadores Inmunológicos, Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Constanza Cárdenas
- Núcleo Biotecnológico de Curauma (NBC), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Fanny Guzman
- Núcleo Biotecnológico de Curauma (NBC), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Marta Vila
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), Universidad de Huelva, 2110, Huelva, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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9
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Yaacob EN, Norouzitallab P, De Geest BG, Bajek A, Dierckens K, Bossier P, Vanrompay D. Recombinant DnaK Orally Administered Protects Axenic European Sea Bass Against Vibriosis. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3162. [PMID: 32117214 PMCID: PMC7033693 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio anguillarum causes high mortality in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larviculture and is a hindering factor for successful sustainable aquaculture of this commercially valuable species. Priming of the innate immune system through administration of immunostimulants has become an important approach to control disease outbreaks in marine fish larviculture. This study was conducted to evaluate immunostimulation by Escherichia coli HSP70 (DnaK) in axenic European sea bass larvae in order to protect the larvae against vibriosis. DnaK stimulates the immune response in crustaceans and juvenile fish against bacterial infections. The use of axenic fish larvae allows to study immunostimulation in the absence of an interfering microbial community. At 7 days post-hatching, larvae received a single dose of alginate encapsulated recombinant DnaK. Two non-treated control groups in which animals either received empty alginate microparticles (C1) or no alginante microparticles (C2 and C3) were included in the study. Eighteen hours later, all larvae, except the ones from group C3 (non-infected control) were challenged with V. anguillarum (105 CFU, bath infection). Mortality was daily recorded until 120 h post infection and at 18, 24, and 36 h post infection, larvae were sampled for expression of immune related genes. Results showed that V. anguillarum induced an immune response in axenic sea bass larvae but that the innate immune response was incapable to protect the larvae against deadly septicaemic disease. In addition, we showed that administration of alginate encapsulated DnaK to axenic European sea bass larvae at DAH7 resulted in a significant, DnaK dose dependent, upreglation of immune sensor, regulatory and effector genes. Significant upregulation of cxcr4, cas1 and especially of hep and dic was correlated with significant higher survival rates in V. anguillarum infected larvae. In the future recombinant DnaK might perhaps be used as a novel immunostimulant in sea bass larviculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamy Nursaliza Yaacob
- Laboratory of Aquaculture and Artemia Reference Center, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Parisa Norouzitallab
- Laboratory of Aquaculture and Artemia Reference Center, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Aline Bajek
- Écloserie Marine de Gravelines, Gravelines, France
| | - Kristof Dierckens
- Laboratory of Aquaculture and Artemia Reference Center, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture and Artemia Reference Center, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daisy Vanrompay
- Laboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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10
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Valero Y, Arizcun M, Cortés J, Ramírez-Cepeda F, Guzmán F, Mercado L, Esteban MÁ, Chaves-Pozo E, Cuesta A. NK-lysin, dicentracin and hepcidin antimicrobial peptides in European sea bass. Ontogenetic development and modulation in juveniles by nodavirus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 103:103516. [PMID: 31593708 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered to be amongst the most powerful tools for the fight against pathogens in fish, since they form part of the innate immune response, which is especially vital in eggs and early larval stages, when the immune system is developing. The fish responsible for a large part of the profits in Mediterranean aquaculture is European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), a species greatly susceptible to nodavirus (NNV), especially in the larval and juvenile stages. In this work, polyclonal antibodies were developed and used to detect and quantify NK-lysin, dicentracin and hepcidin AMPs in European sea bass eggs and during larval development, as well as to evaluate their regulation in juvenile specimens upon NNV infection. Basal and detectable levels of all the AMPs studied were present in eggs, confirming the maternal transfer of peptides, which increased in one or two waves during larval development up to 69 days post-fertilization. After NNV infection, the mRNA of all the AMPs analysed was up-regulated five days after infection in most of the tissues, whilst peptide quantification of all three AMPs decreased in the brain, the target tissue for NNV, but increased in the head-kidney 5 days after infection. Further research should be carried out to ascertain the role of AMPs in fish innate immunity and to understand how NNV evades the immune response to be disseminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulema Valero
- Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO), Carretera de la Azohía S/n, 30860, Puerto de Mazarrón, Murcia, Spain; Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain; Grupo de Marcadores Inmunológicos, Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Marta Arizcun
- Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO), Carretera de la Azohía S/n, 30860, Puerto de Mazarrón, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jimena Cortés
- Grupo de Marcadores Inmunológicos, Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Felipe Ramírez-Cepeda
- Grupo de Marcadores Inmunológicos, Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Fanny Guzmán
- Grupo de Marcadores Inmunológicos, Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Luis Mercado
- Grupo de Marcadores Inmunológicos, Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Ángeles Esteban
- Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO), Carretera de la Azohía S/n, 30860, Puerto de Mazarrón, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Chaves-Pozo
- Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO), Carretera de la Azohía S/n, 30860, Puerto de Mazarrón, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO), Carretera de la Azohía S/n, 30860, Puerto de Mazarrón, Murcia, Spain.
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11
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Yaacob EN, De Geest BG, Goethals J, Bajek A, Dierckens K, Bossier P, Vanrompay D. Recombinant ferritin-H induces immunosuppression in European sea bass larvae (Dicentrarchus labrax) rather than immunostimulation and protection against a Vibrio anguillarum infection. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2018; 204:19-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Reyes-López FE, Aerts J, Vallejos-Vidal E, Ampe B, Dierckens K, Tort L, Bossier P. Modulation of Innate Immune-Related Genes and Glucocorticoid Synthesis in Gnotobiotic Full-Sibling European Sea Bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax) Larvae Challenged With Vibrio anguillarum. Front Immunol 2018; 9:914. [PMID: 29867929 PMCID: PMC5953322 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Although several efforts have been made to describe the immunoendocrine interaction in fish, there are no studies to date focusing on the characterization of the immune response and glucocorticoid synthesis using the host-pathogen interaction on larval stage as an early developmental stage model of study. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the glucocorticoid synthesis and the modulation of stress- and innate immune-related genes in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae challenged with Vibrio anguillarum. For this purpose, we challenged by bath full-sibling gnotobiotic sea bass larvae with 107 CFU mL-1 of V. anguillarum strain HI 610 on day 5 post-hatching (dph). The mortality was monitored up to the end of the experiment [120 hours post-challenge (hpc)]. While no variations were registered in non-challenged larvae maintained under gnotobiotic conditions (93.20% survival at 120 hpc), in the challenged group a constant and sustained mortality was observed from 36 hpc onward, dropping to 18.31% survival at 120 hpc. Glucocorticoid quantification and expression analysis of stress- and innate immunity-related genes were carried out in single larvae. The increase of cortisol, cortisone and 20β-dihydrocortisone was observed at 120 hpc, although did not influence upon the modulation of stress-related genes (glucocorticoid receptor 1 [gr1], gr2, and heat shock protein 70 [hsp70]). On the other hand, the expression of lysozyme, transferrin, and il-10 differentially increased at 120 hpc together with a marked upregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (il-1β and il-8) and hepcidin, suggesting a late activation of defense mechanisms against V. anguillarum. Importantly, this response coincided with the lowest survival observed in challenged groups. Therefore, the increase in markers associated with glucocorticoid synthesis together with the upregulation of genes associated with the anti-inflammatory response suggests that in larvae infected with V. anguillarum a pro-inflammatory response at systemic level takes place, which then leads to the participation of other physiological mechanisms at systemic level to counteract the effect and the consequences of such response. However, this late systemic response could be related to the previous high mortality observed in sea bass larvae challenged with V. anguillarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe E Reyes-López
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Johan Aerts
- Stress Physiology Research Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ostend, Belgium.,Stress Physiology Research Group, Animal Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Ostend, Belgium
| | - Eva Vallejos-Vidal
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Bart Ampe
- Biostatistics and Data Modeling, Animal Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Melle, Belgium
| | - Kristof Dierckens
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center (ARC), Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Lluis Tort
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center (ARC), Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
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13
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Valenzuela CA, Zuloaga R, Poblete-Morales M, Vera-Tobar T, Mercado L, Avendaño-Herrera R, Valdés JA, Molina A. Fish skeletal muscle tissue is an important focus of immune reactions during pathogen infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 73:1-9. [PMID: 28279806 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle in mammals can express and secrete immune-related molecules during pathogen infection. Despite in fish is known that classical immune tissues participate in innate immunity, the role of skeletal muscle in this function is poorly understood. To determine the immunocompetence of fish skeletal muscle, juvenile fine flounder (Paralichthys adpersus) were challenged with Vibrio ordalii. Different Toll-like receptors, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, Il-1β, and IL-8), and immune-effector molecules (NKEF and the antimicrobial peptides hepcidin and LEAP-2) were analyzed. Infection initially triggered IL-1β upregulation and P38-MAPK/AP-1 pathway activation. Next, the NFĸB pathway was activated, together with an upregulation of intracellular Toll-like receptor expressions (tlr3, tlr8a tlr9, and tlr21), TNFα production, and leap-2 expression. Finally, transcriptions of il-1β, il-8, tnfα, nkef-a, and hepcidin were also upregulated. These results suggest that fish skeletal muscle is an immunologically active organ that could play an important role against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristián A Valenzuela
- Universidad Andres Bello, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad Ciencias Biológicas, 8370146 Santiago, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), 4030000 Concepción, Chile.
| | - Rodrigo Zuloaga
- Universidad Andres Bello, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad Ciencias Biológicas, 8370146 Santiago, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), 4030000 Concepción, Chile.
| | - Matías Poblete-Morales
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), 4030000 Concepción, Chile; Universidad Andres Bello, Laboratorio de Patología de Organismos Acuáticos y Biotecnología Acuícola, 2520000 Viña del Mar, Chile.
| | - Tamara Vera-Tobar
- Universidad Andres Bello, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad Ciencias Biológicas, 8370146 Santiago, Chile.
| | - Luis Mercado
- Laboratorio de Genética e Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, 2340000 Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Ruben Avendaño-Herrera
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), 4030000 Concepción, Chile; Universidad Andres Bello, Laboratorio de Patología de Organismos Acuáticos y Biotecnología Acuícola, 2520000 Viña del Mar, Chile; Universidad Andres Bello, Centro de Investigación Marina Quintay (CIMARQ), Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, 2340000 Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Juan Antonio Valdés
- Universidad Andres Bello, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad Ciencias Biológicas, 8370146 Santiago, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), 4030000 Concepción, Chile; Universidad Andres Bello, Centro de Investigación Marina Quintay (CIMARQ), Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, 2340000 Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Alfredo Molina
- Universidad Andres Bello, Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad Ciencias Biológicas, 8370146 Santiago, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), 4030000 Concepción, Chile; Universidad Andres Bello, Centro de Investigación Marina Quintay (CIMARQ), Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, 2340000 Valparaíso, Chile.
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14
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Kong X, Wu X, Pei C, Zhang J, Zhao X, Li L, Nie G, Li X. H2A and Ca-L-hipposin gene: Characteristic analysis and expression responses to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Carassius aurutus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 63:344-352. [PMID: 28223110 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptide is an important component of the host innate immune system and thus serves a crucial function in host defense against microbial invasion. In this study, H2A and derived antimicrobial peptide Ca-L-hipposin were cloned and characterized in Carassius aurutus. The gene H2A full-length cDNA is 908 bp and includes a 5'-terminal untranslated region (UTR) of 55 bp and a 3'-terminal UTR of 466 bp with a canonical polyadenylation signal sequence AATAA, as well as an open reading frame (ORF) of 387 bp encoding a polypeptide of 128 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 13.7 kDa, an isoelectric point of 10.7, and 94% homology with Danio rerio H2A. The secondary structure of H2A includes the α-spiral with 51 amino acids with a composition ratio of 39.8%, as well as a β-corner with 15 amino acids in a composition ratio of 11.7%. The online software ExPaSy predicted that a peptide sequence with 51 amino acids from the 2nd to 52nd amino acids in histone H2A can be produced through hydrolization by protease chymotrypsin, which indicates a difference of only three amino acids, compared with the antimicrobial peptide hipposin in Hippoglossus hippoglossus with a homology of 94%. Ca-L-hipposin includes 51 amino acids with a molecular weight of 5.4 kDa and an isoelectric point of 12.0, the secondary structure of which contains an α-helix of 17 amino acids accounting for 33.3% and a β-corner of 8 amino acids accounting for 15.7%. H2A was extensively expressed in the mRNA levels of various tissues, with higher expression levels in kidney and spleen. After C. aurutus was challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila, the mRNA expression levels of H2A were upregulated in the kidney, spleen, and liver. H2A serves an important function in the defense against the invasion of A. hydrophila. In addition, sequence characteristics reveal that Ca-L-hipposin could be a potential antimicrobial peptide for use in killing pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Kong
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Xiangmin Wu
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Chao Pei
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xianliang Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Guoxing Nie
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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15
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Valero Y, Arizcun M, Esteban MÁ, Cuesta A, Chaves-Pozo E. Transcription of histones H1 and H2B is regulated by several immune stimuli in gilthead seabream and European sea bass. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 57:107-115. [PMID: 27523279 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Histones (H1 to H4) are the primary proteins which mediate the folding of DNA into chromatin; however, and in addition to this function, histones have been also related to antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) activity in vertebrates, in fact, mammalian H1 is mobilized as part as the anti-viral immune response. In fish, histones with AMP activity have been isolated and characterized mainly from skin and gonads. One of most threatening pathogens for wild and cultured fish species nowadays is nodavirus (NNV), which target tissues are the brain and retina, but it is also able to colonize the gonad and display vertical transmission. Taking all this into account we have identified the h1 and h2b coding sequences in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) fish species and studied their pattern of expression under naïve conditions and NNV in vivo infection. The data obtained prompted us to study their role on the immune response of gonad and head-kidney leucocytes upon viral (NNV), bacteria (Vibrio anguillarum or Photobacterium damselae), pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or mitogens stimulation. The h1 and h2b genes are expressed in a wide range of tissues and their expression is modify by infection or other immune stimuli, but further studies will be needed to determine the significance of these changes. These results suggest that h1 expression is related to the immune response against NNV in the brain, while h2b transcription seems to be more important in the head-kidney. Moreover, the potential role of histones as anti-viral agents is suggested and further characterization is in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulema Valero
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Puerto de Mazarrón, 30860, Spain
| | - Marta Arizcun
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Puerto de Mazarrón, 30860, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Chaves-Pozo
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Puerto de Mazarrón, 30860, Spain.
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16
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Immunological properties of oxygen-transport proteins: hemoglobin, hemocyanin and hemerythrin. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 74:293-317. [PMID: 27518203 PMCID: PMC5219038 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
It is now well documented that peptides with enhanced or alternative functionality (termed cryptides) can be liberated from larger, and sometimes inactive, proteins. A primary example of this phenomenon is the oxygen-transport protein hemoglobin. Aside from respiration, hemoglobin and hemoglobin-derived peptides have been associated with immune modulation, hematopoiesis, signal transduction and microbicidal activities in metazoans. Likewise, the functional equivalents to hemoglobin in invertebrates, namely hemocyanin and hemerythrin, act as potent immune effectors under certain physiological conditions. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the true extent of oxygen-transport protein dynamics in innate immunity, and to impress upon the reader the multi-functionality of these ancient proteins on the basis of their structures. In this context, erythrocyte-pathogen antibiosis and the immune competences of various erythroid cells are compared across diverse taxa.
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17
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Rocha IF, Maller A, de Cássia Garcia Simão R, Kadowaki MK, Angeli Alves LF, Huergo LF, da Conceição Silva JL. Proteomic profile of hemolymph and detection of induced antimicrobial peptides in response to microbial challenge in Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:511-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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18
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Jia R, Liu BL, Han C, Huang B, Lei JL. The physiological performance and immune response of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) to nitrite exposure. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 181-182:40-6. [PMID: 26802553 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nitrite (NO(2-)) is the most common toxic nitrogenous compound in aquatic environment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of nitrite physiological performance and immune response of turbot. Fish were exposed to 0, 0.02, 0.08, 0.4 and 0.8 mM nitrite for 96 h. After 0, 24, 48 and 96 h of exposure, blood were collected to measure the levels of glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamate oxalate transaminase (GOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), complement C3 (C3), complement C4 (C4), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and lysozyme (LYS); gill samples were taken to analyze mRNA levels of LYS, heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70), heat shock protein 90 (HSP 90), metallothionein (MT), toll-like receptor 3 (TLR-3), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). The results showed that nitrite (0.4 and/or 0.8mM) significantly increased the levels of GPT, GOT, ALP, C3 and C4, reduced the levels of IgM and LYS, up-regulated the gene expressions of HSP 70, HSP 90, MT, TLR-3, TNF-α and IL-1β, and down-regulated the gene expressions of LYS and IGF-1 after 48 and 96 h of exposure. Based on the results, it can be concluded that high level nitrite exposure results in dysfunction of the blood physiology and immunity in turbot. Further, this study will be helpful to understand the mechanism of aquatic toxicology induced by nitrite in marine fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jia
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Bao-Liang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Cen Han
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ji-Lin Lei
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
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19
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Katzenback BA. Antimicrobial Peptides as Mediators of Innate Immunity in Teleosts. BIOLOGY 2015; 4:607-39. [PMID: 26426065 PMCID: PMC4690011 DOI: 10.3390/biology4040607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been identified throughout the metazoa suggesting their evolutionarily conserved nature and their presence in teleosts is no exception. AMPs are short (18–46 amino acids), usually cationic, amphipathic peptides. While AMPs are diverse in amino acid sequence, with no two AMPs being identical, they collectively appear to have conserved functions in the innate immunity of animals towards the pathogens they encounter in their environment. Fish AMPs are upregulated in response to pathogens and appear to have direct broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity towards both human and fish pathogens. However, an emerging role for AMPs as immunomodulatory molecules has become apparent—the ability of AMPs to activate the innate immune system sheds light onto the multifaceted capacity of these small peptides to combat pathogens through direct and indirect means. Herein, this review focuses on the role of teleost AMPs as modulators of the innate immune system and their regulation in response to pathogens or other exogenous molecules. The capacity to regulate AMP expression by exogenous factors may prove useful in modulating AMP expression in fish to prevent disease, particularly in aquaculture settings where crowded conditions and environmental stress pre-dispose these fish to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara A Katzenback
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
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