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Escher BI, Blanco J, Caixach J, Cserbik D, Farré MJ, Flores C, König M, Lee J, Nyffeler J, Planas C, Redondo-Hasselerharm PE, Rovira J, Sanchís J, Schuhmacher M, Villanueva CM. In vitro bioassays for monitoring drinking water quality of tap water, domestic filtration and bottled water. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2024; 34:126-135. [PMID: 37328620 PMCID: PMC10907286 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-023-00566-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Location-specific patterns of regulated and non-regulated disinfection byproducts (DBPs) were detected in tap water samples of the Barcelona Metropolitan Area. However, it remains unclear if the detected DBPs together with undetected DPBs and organic micropollutants can lead to mixture effects in drinking water. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the neurotoxicity, oxidative stress response and cytotoxicity of 42 tap water samples, 6 treated with activated carbon filters, 5 with reverse osmosis and 9 bottled waters. To compare the measured effects of the extracts with the mixture effects predicted from the detected concentrations and the relative effect potencies of the detected DBPs using the mixture model of concentration addition. METHODS Mixtures of organic chemicals in water samples were enriched by solid phase extraction and tested for cytotoxicity and neurite outgrowth inhibition in the neuronal cell line SH-SY5Y and for cytotoxicity and oxidative stress response in the AREc32 assay. RESULTS Unenriched water did not trigger neurotoxicity or cytotoxicity. After up to 500-fold enrichment, few extracts showed cytotoxicity. Disinfected water showed low neurotoxicity at 20- to 300-fold enrichment and oxidative stress response at 8- to 140-fold enrichment. Non-regulated non-volatile DBPs, particularly (brominated) haloacetonitriles dominated the predicted mixture effects of the detected chemicals and predicted effects agreed with the measured effects. By hierarchical clustering we identified strong geographical patterns in the types of DPBs and their association with effects. Activated carbon filters did not show a consistent reduction of effects but domestic reverse osmosis filters decreased the effect to that of bottled water. IMPACT STATEMENT Bioassays are an important complement to chemical analysis of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water. Comparison of the measured oxidative stress response and mixture effects predicted from the detected chemicals and their relative effect potencies allowed the identification of the forcing agents for the mixture effects, which differed by location but were mainly non-regulated DBPs. This study demonstrates the relevance of non-regulated DBPs from a toxicological perspective. In vitro bioassays, in particular reporter gene assays for oxidative stress response that integrate different reactive toxicity pathways including genotoxicity, may therefore serve as sum parameters for drinking water quality assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate I Escher
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Cell Toxicology, Leipzig, Germany.
- Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Environmental Toxicology, Department of Geosciences, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Jordi Blanco
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Josep Caixach
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory/Organic Pollutants, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dora Cserbik
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, UPF, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria J Farré
- Catalan Institute for Water Research, ICRA, Girona, Spain
- University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Cintia Flores
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory/Organic Pollutants, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria König
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Cell Toxicology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jungeun Lee
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Cell Toxicology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jo Nyffeler
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Cell Toxicology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carles Planas
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory/Organic Pollutants, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula E Redondo-Hasselerharm
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, UPF, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Water, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquim Rovira
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Josep Sanchís
- Catalan Institute for Water Research, ICRA, Girona, Spain
- University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Catalan Water Agency, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Schuhmacher
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Cristina M Villanueva
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, UPF, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
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Donat-Vargas C, Kogevinas M, Benavente Y, Costas L, Campo E, Castaño-Vinyals G, Fernandez-Tardon G, Llorca J, Gómez-Acebo I, Aragonés N, Pollan M, Casabonne D, Villanueva CM. Lifetime exposure to brominated trihalomethanes in drinking water and swimming pool attendance are associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a Multicase-Control Study in Spain (MCC-Spain). J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2024; 34:47-57. [PMID: 37726507 PMCID: PMC10907291 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-023-00600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) etiology is poorly understood, and carcinogenic chemicals in drinking and recreational water are candidates. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between drinking-water exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) and nitrate as well as lifetime swimming pool attendance and CLL. METHODS During 2010-2013, hospital-based CLL cases and population-based controls were recruited in Spain, providing information on residential histories, type of water consumed and swimming pool attendance. Average THMs and nitrate levels in drinking water were linked to lifetime water consumption. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using mixed models. RESULTS Final samples for residential tap water analyses and swimming pool attendance analyses were 144 cases/1230 controls and 157 cases/1240 controls, respectively. Mean (SD) values for average lifetime residential brominated THMs and chloroform in tap water (μg/L), and ingested nitrate (mg/day) were 48.1 (35.6), 18.5 (6.7) and 13.7 (9.6) respectively in controls; and 72.9 (40.7), 17.9 (5.4), and 14.1 (8.8) in CLL cases. For each 10 μg/L increase of brominated THMs and chloroform lifetime-average levels, the ORs (95% CI) were 1.22 (1.14, 1.31) and 0.54 (0.34, 0.87), respectively. For each 5 mg/day increase of ingested nitrate, the OR of CLL was 0.91 (0.80, 1.04). The OR of lifetime pool users (vs. non-users) was 2.38 (1.61, 3.52). Upon performing annual frequency of attending pools analysis through categorization, the second and third categories showed an ORs of 2.36 (1.49, 3.72) and 2.40 (1.51, 3.83), respectively, and P-trend of 0.001. IMPACT STATEMENT This study identifies an association of long-term exposure to THMs in drinking water, at concentrations below the regulatory thresholds and WHO guidelines, and swimming pool attendance, with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). These unprecedented findings are highly relevant since CLL is an incurable cancer with still unknown etiology and because the widespread exposure to chlorination by-products that remain in drinking and recreational water worldwide. Despite the demonstrated carcinogenicity in animals of several chlorination by-products, little is known about their potential risks on human health. This study makes a significant contribution to the search for environmental factors involved in the etiology of CLL and to the evidence of the health impact of these high prevalent water contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Donat-Vargas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Intitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Benavente
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology in Infections and Cancer (UNIC-Molecular), Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Laura Costas
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology in Infections and Cancer (UNIC-Molecular), Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Elias Campo
- Haematopathology Section, Hospital Clınic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigaciones Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Centrode Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Cancer (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernandez-Tardon
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Asturias, ISPA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Javier Llorca
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Inés Gómez-Acebo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- IDIVAL. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology Section, Public Health Division, Department of Health of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Pollan
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Delphine Casabonne
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology in Infections and Cancer (UNIC-Molecular), Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology, 08908, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristina M Villanueva
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.
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Alcolea JA, Donat-Vargas C, Chatziioannou AC, Keski-Rahkonen P, Robinot N, Molina AJ, Amiano P, Gómez-Acebo I, Castaño-Vinyals G, Maitre L, Chadeau-Hyam M, Dagnino S, Cheng SL, Scalbert A, Vineis P, Kogevinas M, Villanueva CM. Metabolomic Signatures of Exposure to Nitrate and Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water and Colorectal Cancer Risk in a Spanish Multicentric Study (MCC-Spain). Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:19316-19329. [PMID: 37962559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the metabolomic profile associated with exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) and nitrate in drinking water and with colorectal cancer risk in 296 cases and 295 controls from the Multi Case-Control Spain project. Untargeted metabolomic analysis was conducted in blood samples using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A variety of univariate and multivariate association analyses were conducted after data quality control, normalization, and imputation. Linear regression and partial least-squares analyses were conducted for chloroform, brominated THMs, total THMs, and nitrate among controls and for case-control status, together with a N-integration model discriminating colorectal cancer cases from controls through interrogation of correlations between the exposure variables and the metabolomic features. Results revealed a total of 568 metabolomic features associated with at least one water contaminant or colorectal cancer. Annotated metabolites and pathway analysis suggest a number of pathways as potentially involved in the link between exposure to these water contaminants and colorectal cancer, including nicotinamide, cytochrome P-450, and tyrosine metabolism. These findings provide insights into the underlying biological mechanisms and potential biomarkers associated with water contaminant exposure and colorectal cancer risk. Further research in this area is needed to better understand the causal relationship and the public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Alcolea
- ISGlobal, c/Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), c/Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Carolina Donat-Vargas
- ISGlobal, c/Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), c/Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | | | - Pekka Keski-Rahkonen
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 25 avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627 69366, Lyon, France
| | - Nivonirina Robinot
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 25 avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627 69366, Lyon, France
| | - Antonio José Molina
- Research Group in Gene - Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS)/Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, León 24071, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, León 24071, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa; BioGipuzkoa (BioDonostia) Health Research Institute, San Sebastián 20013, Spain
| | - Inés Gómez-Acebo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universidad de Cantabria-IDIVAL, Avenida Cardenal Herrera Oria S/N, Santander 39011, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- ISGlobal, c/Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), c/Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), c/Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Lea Maitre
- ISGlobal, c/Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), c/Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Marc Chadeau-Hyam
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Sonia Dagnino
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
- Transporters in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), School of Medicine, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric Joliot, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), 28 Avenue de Valombrose, Nice 06107, France
| | - Sibo Lucas Cheng
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 25 avenue Tony Garnier, CS 90627 69366, Lyon, France
| | - Paolo Vineis
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- ISGlobal, c/Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), c/Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), c/Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Cristina M Villanueva
- ISGlobal, c/Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), c/Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), c/Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
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Donat-Vargas C, Kogevinas M, Castaño-Vinyals G, Pérez-Gómez B, Llorca J, Vanaclocha-Espí M, Fernandez-Tardon G, Costas L, Aragonés N, Gómez-Acebo I, Moreno V, Pollan M, Villanueva CM. Long-Term Exposure to Nitrate and Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water and Prostate Cancer: A Multicase-Control Study in Spain (MCC-Spain). Environ Health Perspect 2023; 131:37004. [PMID: 36883836 PMCID: PMC9994181 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrate and trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water are widespread and are potential human carcinogens. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the association between drinking-water exposure to nitrate and THMs and prostate cancer. METHODS During the period 2008-2013, 697 hospital-based incident prostate cancer cases (97 aggressive tumors) and 927 population-based controls were recruited in Spain, providing information on residential histories and type of water consumed. Average nitrate and THMs levels in drinking water were linked with lifetime water consumption to calculate waterborne ingestion. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using mixed models with recruitment area as random effect. Effect modification by tumor grade (Gleason score), age, education, lifestyle, and dietary factors was explored. RESULTS Mean (±standard deviation) adult lifetime waterborne ingested nitrate (milligrams per day), brominated (Br)-THMs (micrograms per day), and chloroform (micrograms per day) were 11.5 (±9.0), 20.7 (±32.4), and 15.1 (±14.7) in controls. Waterborne ingested nitrate >13.8 vs. <5.5mg/d was associated with an OR of 1.74 (95% CI: 1.19, 2.54) overall, and 2.78 (95% CI: 1.23, 6.27) for tumors with Gleason scores ≥8. Associations were higher in the youngest and those with lower intakes of fiber, fruit/vegetables, and vitamin C. Waterborne ingested THMs were not associated with prostate cancer. Residential tap water levels of Br-THMs and chloroform showed, respectively, inverse and positive associations with prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest long-term waterborne ingested nitrate could be a risk factor of prostate cancer, particularly for aggressive tumors. High intakes of fiber, fruit/vegetables and vitamin C may lower this risk. Association with residential levels but not ingested chloroform/Br-THM may suggest inhalation and dermal routes could be relevant for prostate cancer. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11391.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Donat-Vargas
- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Llorca
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Spain
| | - Mercedes Vanaclocha-Espí
- Cancer and Public Health Area, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research-Public Health Research (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernandez-Tardon
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Laura Costas
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology Section, Public Health Division, Department of Health of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Gómez-Acebo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Colorectal Cancer Group, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Pollan
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina M. Villanueva
- Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
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Chambers T, Joy M, Wilson N, Hales S, Baker M. Quantifying the nitrate levels in bottled water in New Zealand. Aust N Z J Public Health 2021; 46:322-324. [PMID: 34940997 DOI: 10.1111/1753-6405.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is growing epidemiological evidence linking nitrate contamination to adverse health outcomes. Health concerns may drive consumers towards bottled water, however, nitrate levels in bottled water are not readily available. METHODS We tested water samples from the 10 most popular brands using a TriOS OPUS UV optical nitrate sensor. RESULTS Overall, all bottled water brands tested returned nitrate levels below 4.4 mg/L NO3. CONCLUSIONS The growing health concerns associated with nitrate contamination suggest that increased reporting of water quality is required. Implications for public health: Mandatory reporting of water quality laboratory reports by bottled water producers would improve transparency to consumers and help public health researchers track potential threats to water quality as new evidence emerges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Chambers
- Health, Environment & Infection Research Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Mike Joy
- School of Government, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Nick Wilson
- Health, Environment & Infection Research Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Simon Hales
- Health, Environment & Infection Research Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Michael Baker
- Health, Environment & Infection Research Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Otago, New Zealand
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Villanueva CM, Espinosa A, Gracia-Lavedan E, Vlaanderen J, Vermeulen R, Molina AJ, Amiano P, Gómez-Acebo I, Castaño-Vinyals G, Vineis P, Kogevinas M. Exposure to widespread drinking water chemicals, blood inflammation markers, and colorectal cancer. Environ Int 2021; 157:106873. [PMID: 34543938 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trihalomethanes (THMs) and nitrate are widespread chemicals in drinking water associated with colorectal cancer risk but mechanisms are not well understood. OBJECTIVES We explored the association between exposure to THMs and nitrate in drinking water and inflammation markers, and the link with colorectal cancer risk. METHODS A subset of 198 colorectal cancer cases and 205 controls from the multicase-control study MCC-Spain were included. Average concentration of THMs (chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, bromoform) and nitrate in tap water at the residence was estimated from age 18 until 2 years before the interview ("long term") and for a recent period (3 years before diagnosis). Serum levels of EGF, eotaxin, G-CSF, IL-17E, IL-1rA, IL-8, IP-10, MDC, MPO, periostin, VEGF, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. We estimated the linear association between inflammation markers and exposure among controls, and the odds ratio of colorectal cancer associated with THM and nitrate exposure, and inflammation markers. A mediation analysis was conducted to identify inflammation markers in the pathway between THM/nitrate exposure and colorectal cancer. RESULTS Serum concentrations of EGF, IL-8, IL-17E and eotaxin increased with recent residential levels of brominated THMs, chloroforom and/or total THM. No associations were observed for nitrate and for long-term residential THM levels. All residential exposures except chloroform were positively associated with colorectal cancer. Serum concentrations of VEGF and periostin were positively associated with colorectal cancer, while EGF was inversely associated. One protein-exposure combination (periostin-recent ingested brominated THMs) slightly mediated the association with colorectal cancer risk. DISCUSSION Results suggest that estimated THM exposure is involved in inflammation processes. However, the study design was limited to stablish etiologically relevant associations between the protein levels and colorectal cancer risk. The lack of association between nitrate exposure and inflammation markers suggests other biological mechanisms are involved in the link with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Villanueva
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ana Espinosa
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Gracia-Lavedan
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jelle Vlaanderen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Antonio José Molina
- The Research Group in Gene - Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS)/Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de León, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Inés Gómez-Acebo
- CIBER epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Vineis
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Liguria, Italy
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Zumel-Marne A, Castaño-Vinyals G, Alguacil J, Villanueva CM, Maule M, Gracia-Lavedan E, Momoli F, Krewski D, Mohipp C, Petridou E, Bouka E, Merletti F, Migliore E, Piro S, Ha M, Mannetje A', Eng A, Aragones N, Cardis E. Exposure to drinking water trihalomethanes and nitrate and the risk of brain tumours in young people. Environ Res 2021; 200:111392. [PMID: 34087188 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Brain tumours (BTs) are one of the most frequent tumour types in young people. We explored the association between tap water, exposure to trihalomethanes (THM) and nitrate and neuroepithelial BT risk in young people. Analysis of tap water consumption were based on 321 cases and 919 appendicitis controls (10-24 years old) from 6 of the 14 participating countries in the international MOBI-Kids case-control study (2010-2016). Available historical residential tap water concentrations of THMs and nitrate, available from 3 countries for 86 cases and 352 controls and 85 cases and 343 for nitrate, respectively, were modelled and combined with the study subjects' personal consumption patterns to estimate ingestion and residential exposure levels in the study population (both pre- and postnatal). The mean age of participants was 16.6 years old and 56% were male. The highest levels and widest ranges for THMs were found in Spain (residential and ingested) and Italy and in Korea for nitrate. There was no association between BT and the amount of tap water consumed and the showering/bathing frequency. Odds Ratios (ORs) for BT in relation to both pre- and postnatal residential and ingestion levels of THMs were systematically below 1 (OR = 0.37 (0.08-1.73)) for postnatal average residential THMs higher than 66 μg/L. For nitrate, all ORs were above 1 (OR = 1.80 (0.91-3.55)) for postnatal average residential nitrate levels higher than 8.5 mg/L, with a suggestion of a trend of increased risk of neuroepithelial BTs with increasing residential nitrate levels in tap water, which appeared stronger in early in life. This, to our knowledge, is the first study on this topic in young people. Further research is required to clarify the observed associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Zumel-Marne
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Juan Alguacil
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Salud y Medio Ambiente (RENSMA), Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
| | - Cristina M Villanueva
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Milena Maule
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, Turin, Italy.
| | - Esther Gracia-Lavedan
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Franco Momoli
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ontario, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Daniel Krewski
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ontario, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada; McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Risk Science International, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - Eleni Petridou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Hellenic Society for Social Pediatrics & Health Promotion, Athens, Greece.
| | - Evdoxia Bouka
- Hellenic Society for Social Pediatrics & Health Promotion, Athens, Greece.
| | - Franco Merletti
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, Turin, Italy.
| | - Enrica Migliore
- CPO-Piemonte, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Sara Piro
- Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research Prevention and Clinical Network-ISPRO, Florence, Italy.
| | - Mina Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, Chungnam, Korea.
| | - Andrea 't Mannetje
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wallace St, Mount Cook, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Amanda Eng
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wallace St, Mount Cook, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Nuria Aragones
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Epidemiology Section, Public Health Division, Department of Health of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elisabeth Cardis
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.
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Rezvani Ghalhari M, Kalteh S, Asgari Tarazooj F, Zeraatkar A, Mahvi AH. Health risk assessment of nitrate and fluoride in bottled water: a case study of Iran. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:48955-66. [PMID: 33928508 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14027-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Bottled water use has become widespread in recent years. Many Iranian cities are located in regions with a hot and semi-hot climate, and the quality of drinking water is low in most of these areas. Nitrate and fluoride are chemical constituents of drinking water with significant health concerns since they can be harmful in concentrations higher than drinking water standards. This study aims to determine nitrate and fluoride concentrations in different bottled water brands in the study region; evaluate the non-carcinogenic health risks posed by nitrate and fluoride exposure via the ingestion of bottled water; and compare the measured nitrate and fluoride concentrations with the amounts reported on the bottle labels. Twenty bottled water brands were sampled, and their nitrate and fluoride amounts were determined using the spectrophotometry method. The results revealed that 100% of nitrate and 70% of fluoride in samples had concentrations greater than the levels reported on bottle labels. Minimum, maximum, and mean concentrations for nitrate were, respectively, 1.1, 28, and 8.37 mg/L, and for fluoride were 0.014, 2.36, and 0.63 mg/L. The hazard quotient (HQ) values due to nitrate intake were > 1 in 10% of the samples (n = 2) for both infants and children, indicating potential adverse non-carcinogenic health effects upon consumption. For fluoride intake, the potential adverse health effects (HQ > 1) for infants, children, teenagers, and adults were respectively high in 30, 20, 10, and 10% of the samples. For nitrate, the 95th centile for infants was 1.547, and for fluoride, it was 2.62, 2.19, 1.15, and 1 for infants, children, teenagers, and adults, respectively.
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Villanueva CM, Grau-Pujol B, Evlampidou I, Escola V, Goñi-Irigoyen F, Kuckelkorn J, Grummt T, Arjona L, Lazaro B, Etxeandia A, Ulibarrena E, Nhacolo A, Muñoz J. Chemical and in vitro bioanalytical assessment of drinking water quality in Manhiça, Mozambique. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2021; 31:276-288. [PMID: 33414480 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-020-00282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chemical quality of drinking water is widely unknown in low-income countries. OBJECTIVE We conducted an exploratory study in Manhiça district (Mozambique) to evaluate drinking water quality using chemical analyses and cell-based assays. METHODS We measured nitrate, fluoride, metals, pesticides, disinfection by-products, and industrial organochlorinated chemicals, and conducted the bioassays Ames test for mutagenicity, micronuclei assay (MN-FACS), ER-CALUX, and antiAR-CALUX in 20 water samples from protected and unprotected sources. RESULTS Nitrate was present in all samples (median 7.5 mg/L). Manganese, cobalt, chromium, aluminium, and barium were present in 90-100% of the samples, with median values of 32, 0.6, 2.0, 61, 250 μg/l, respectively. Manganese was above 50 μg/l (EU guideline) in eight samples. Arsenic, lead, nickel, iron, and selenium median values were below the quantification limit. Antimony, cadmium, copper, mercury, zinc and silver were not present. Trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids, haloacetonitriles and haloketones were present in 5-28% samples at levels ≤4.6 μg/l. DDT, dieldrin, diuron, and pirimiphos-methyl were quantified in 2, 3, 3, and 1 sample, respectively (range 12-60 ng/L). Fluoride was present in one sample (0.11 mg/l). Trichloroethene and tetrachloroethene were not present. Samples were negative in the in vitro assays. SIGNIFICANCE Results suggest low exposure to chemicals, mutagenicity, genotoxicity and endocrine disruption through drinking water in Manhiça population. High concentration of manganese in some samples warrants confirmatory studies, given the potential link to impaired neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Villanueva
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Berta Grau-Pujol
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
- Fundación Mundo Sano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Iro Evlampidou
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valdemiro Escola
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Fernando Goñi-Irigoyen
- CIBER epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Health Department of Basque Government, Public Health Laboratory (Gipuzkoa), San Sebastian, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jochen Kuckelkorn
- Toxicology of Drinking Water and Swimming Pool Water, German Environment Agency, Bad Elster, Germany
| | - Tamara Grummt
- Toxicology of Drinking Water and Swimming Pool Water, German Environment Agency, Bad Elster, Germany
| | - Lourdes Arjona
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Lazaro
- Health Department of Basque Government, Public Health Laboratory (Bizkaia), Derio, Spain
| | - Arsenio Etxeandia
- Health Department of Basque Government, Public Health Laboratory (Bizkaia), Derio, Spain
| | - Enrique Ulibarrena
- Health Department of Basque Government, Public Health Laboratory (Gipuzkoa), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ariel Nhacolo
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Jose Muñoz
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde da Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique
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10
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Rauf AU, Mallongi A, Daud A, Hatta M, Astuti RDP. Ecological risk assessment of hexavalent chromium and silicon dioxide in well water in Maros Regency, Indonesia. Gac Sanit 2021; 35 Suppl 1:S4-S8. [PMID: 33832623 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper assesses the potential ecological risk of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and silicon dioxide/silica (SiO2) in well water. Both of pollutants have been classified as carcinogenic compound. The ecological risk assessment of drinking water is an effective tool to evaluate drinking water quality to reduce further risk. METHOD Fourteen well water samples were collected around the residential area near cement industrial activity and karst mining area. Estimating the ecological risk of well water which consumed daily evaluated based on Hazard Quotient (HQ) ratio. RESULTS The mean values of Cr(VI) and SiO2 in well water samples were 0.0017mg/L and 12.94mg/L, respectively. Drinking water in this area are unacceptable. HQ values for SiO2 at all stations are more than 1 (moderate level). CONCLUSIONS Cr(VI) and SiO2 are discoverable within well water surrounding the research location. This finding is used as scientific data and references for ecological protection of drinking water in Maros.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annisa Utami Rauf
- Doctoral Program of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
| | - Anwar Mallongi
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Anwar Daud
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Hatta
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Ratna Dwi Puji Astuti
- Doctoral Program of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Vioque J, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Carey M, García-Villarino M, Fernández-Somoano A, Tardón A, Santa-Marina L, Irizar A, Casas M, Guxens M, Llop S, Soler-Blasco R, García-de-la-Hera M, Karagas MR, Meharg AA. Inorganic arsenic exposure and neuropsychological development of children of 4-5 years of age living in Spain. Environ Res 2019; 174:135-142. [PMID: 31075694 PMCID: PMC6541502 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Early-life exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) may adversely impact health later in life. To date, evidence of iAs adverse effects on children's neurodevelopment comes mainly from populations highly exposed to contaminated water with conflicting results. Little is known about those effects among populations with low iAs exposure from food intake. We investigated the cross-sectional association between exposure to iAs and neurodevelopment scores among children living in Spain whose main route of exposure was diet. Arsenic species concentrations in urine from 400 children was determined, and the sum of urinary iAs, dimethylarsinic acid, and monomethylarsonic acid was used to estimate iAs exposure. The McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities was used to assess children's neuropsychological development at about 4-5 years of age. The median (interquartile range) of children's sum of urinary iAs, MMA, and DMA was 4.85 (2.74-7.54) μg/L, and in adjusted linear regression analyses the natural logarithm transformed concentrations showed an inverse association with children's motor functions (β, [95% confidence interval]; global scores (-2.29, [-3.95, -0.63])), gross scores (-1.92, [-3.52, -0.31]) and fine scores (-1.54, [-3.06, -0.03]). In stratified analyses by sex, negative associations were observed with the scores in the quantitative index (-2.59, [-5.36, 0.17]) and working memory function (-2.56, [-5.36, 0.24]) only in boys. Our study suggests that relatively low iAs exposure may impair children's neuropsychological development and that sex-related differences may be present in susceptibility to iAs related effects; however, our findings should be interpreted with caution given the possibility of residual confounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr, 7927 Rubin Bldg, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA; Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Department of Public Health, University Miguel Hernández and ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation, Ctra. Valencia s/n, 03550, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva M Navarrete-Muñoz
- Department of Public Health, University Miguel Hernández and ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation, Ctra. Valencia s/n, 03550, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Miguel García-Villarino
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IUOPA- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IUOPA- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IUOPA- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Loreto Santa-Marina
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Subdirección de Salud Pública de Gipuzkoa. The Basque Government's Health Department, San Sebastián, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Amaia Irizar
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sabrina Llop
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Soler-Blasco
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manoli García-de-la-Hera
- Department of Public Health, University Miguel Hernández and ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation, Ctra. Valencia s/n, 03550, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr, 7927 Rubin Bldg, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
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Ward MH, Jones RR, Brender JD, de Kok TM, Weyer PJ, Nolan BT, Villanueva CM, van Breda SG. Drinking Water Nitrate and Human Health: An Updated Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:E1557. [PMID: 30041450 PMCID: PMC6068531 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15071557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate levels in our water resources have increased in many areas of the world largely due to applications of inorganic fertilizer and animal manure in agricultural areas. The regulatory limit for nitrate in public drinking water supplies was set to protect against infant methemoglobinemia, but other health effects were not considered. Risk of specific cancers and birth defects may be increased when nitrate is ingested under conditions that increase formation of N-nitroso compounds. We previously reviewed epidemiologic studies before 2005 of nitrate intake from drinking water and cancer, adverse reproductive outcomes and other health effects. Since that review, more than 30 epidemiologic studies have evaluated drinking water nitrate and these outcomes. The most common endpoints studied were colorectal cancer, bladder, and breast cancer (three studies each), and thyroid disease (four studies). Considering all studies, the strongest evidence for a relationship between drinking water nitrate ingestion and adverse health outcomes (besides methemoglobinemia) is for colorectal cancer, thyroid disease, and neural tube defects. Many studies observed increased risk with ingestion of water nitrate levels that were below regulatory limits. Future studies of these and other health outcomes should include improved exposure assessment and accurate characterization of individual factors that affect endogenous nitrosation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr. Room 6E138, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr. Room 6E138, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Jean D Brender
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University, School of Public Health, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Theo M de Kok
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW-school for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter J Weyer
- The Center for Health Effects of Environmental Contamination, The University of Iowa, 455 Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Bernard T Nolan
- U.S. Geological Survey, Water Mission Area, National Water Quality Program, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, VA 20192, USA.
| | - Cristina M Villanueva
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Simone G van Breda
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW-school for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Mortada WI, Shokeir AA. Does nitrite and nitrate levels in drinking water impact the health of people in Dakahlia governorate, Egypt? Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:19728-19738. [PMID: 29736649 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2156-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A total of 1291 drinking water samples were examined for nitrite and nitrate during 6 months from December, 2015 to May, 2016 at 17 cities of Dakahlia governorate (Nile Delta, north of Egypt), and the results were utilized for assessment of health risk of the exposure from drinking water by calculating average daily intake (ADI), hazard quotient (HQ), and the hazard index (HI). The nitrite and nitrate in drinking water had a concentration range of 0.030-0.113 and 2.41-8.70 mg L-1, with mean values of 0.059 ± 0.014 and 5.25 ± 1.61 mg L-1, respectively. Nitrite and nitrate levels in rural areas and ground water samples were significantly higher than that in the urban ones. None of the analyzed samples exceeded WHO guideline values that set out to prevent methemoglobinemia. The values of HQ and HI for all age groups do not exceed unity indicating a low risk of methaemoglobinaemia for the population in this area. Results of the present study indicate that there is no health risk of residents from nitrite and nitrate through drinking water in the studied area. However, the other sources of exposure to nitrite and nitrate should be investigated in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael I Mortada
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed A Shokeir
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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14
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Vioque J, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Carey M, García de la Hera M, Sunyer J, Casas M, Riaño-Galán I, Tardón A, Llop S, Amorós R, Amiano P, Bilbao JR, Karagas MR, Meharg AA. Concentrations of urinary arsenic species in relation to rice and seafood consumption among children living in Spain. Environ Res 2017; 159:69-75. [PMID: 28772151 PMCID: PMC5985515 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic (i-As) has been related to wide-ranging health effects in children, leading to lifelong concerns. Proportionally, dietary i-As exposure dominates in regions with low arsenic drinking water. This study aims to investigate the relation between rice and seafood consumption and urinary arsenic species during childhood and to assess the proportion of urinary i-As metabolites. Urinary arsenic species concentration in 400 4-year-old children living in four geographical areas of Spain, in addition to repeated measures from 100 children at 7 years of age are included in this study. Rice and seafood products intake was collected from children's parents using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). At 4 years of age, children's urine i-As and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) concentrations increased with rice product consumption (p-value = 0.010 and 0.018, respectively), and urinary arsenobetaine (AsB) with seafood consumption (p = 0.002). Four-year-old children had a higher consumption of both rice and seafood per body weight and a higher urinary %MMA (p-value = 0.001) and lower % dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) (p-value = 0.017). This study suggests increased dietary i-As exposure related to rice product consumption among children living in Spain, and the younger ones may be especially vulnerable to the health impacts of this exposure also considering that they might have a lower i-As methylation capacity than older children. In contrast, seafood consumption did not appear to influence the presence of potentially toxic arsenic species in this population of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Jesus Vioque
- University Miguel Hernández, Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Ctra. Valencia s/n, 03550 Sant Joan d ́Alacant, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Eva M Navarrete-Muñoz
- University Miguel Hernández, Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Ctra. Valencia s/n, 03550 Sant Joan d ́Alacant, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Manus Carey
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Manoli García de la Hera
- University Miguel Hernández, Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Ctra. Valencia s/n, 03550 Sant Joan d ́Alacant, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isolina Riaño-Galán
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Pediatric Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; IUOPA-Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sabrina Llop
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, València, Spain; Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rubén Amorós
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Carlos III Institute of Health, Avenida Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Government of the Basque Country, Avenida Navarra, 4, 20013, San Sebastian, Spain; Biodonostia Research Institute, Paseo Dr Beguiristain s/n, 20014, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - José R Bilbao
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU), BioCruces Health Research Institute, Leioa, Spain
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Medical Center Dr, 7927 Rubin Bldg, Lebanon NH03766, USA
| | - Andrew A Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK
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Fernández-Navarro P, Villanueva CM, García-Pérez J, Boldo E, Goñi-Irigoyen F, Ulibarrena E, Rantakokko P, García-Esquinas E, Pérez-Gómez B, Pollán M, Aragonés N. Chemical quality of tap water in Madrid: multicase control cancer study in Spain (MCC-Spain). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:4755-4764. [PMID: 27981479 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8203-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic consumption of water, which contains contaminants, may give rise to adverse health effects. The Madrid region, covered by the population-based multicase-control (MCC-Spain) study, includes two drinking water supply areas. The different sources of the water, coupled together with the possible differences in water management, mean that there may be differences in drinking water quality. In the context of the MCC study, our aims were to describe contaminant concentrations in tap water drawn from various sampling points distributed around the region, assess these concentrations by reference to guideline values and study possible differences between the two supply areas. Tap water samples were collected from 34 sampling points in 7 towns in the Madrid region (19-29 April 2010), and 23 contaminants (metals, nitrates, disinfection by-product and Mutagen X levels) were quantified. We undertook a descriptive analysis of the contaminant concentrations in the water and compared them between the two water supply areas (Wilcoxon test). We created maps representing the distribution of the concentrations observed at water sampling points and assessed the correlations (Spearman's coefficient) between the different parameters measured. The concentrations of the contaminants were below guideline values. There were differences between the two supply areas in concentration of nitrates (p value = 0.0051) and certain disinfection by-products. While there were positive correlations (rho >0.70) among some disinfection by-products, no correlations were found in metals or nitrates. The differences in nitrate levels could be linked to differences in farming/industrial activities in the catchment areas and in disinfection by-products might be related to the existence of different treatment systems or bromine content in source waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Fernández-Navarro
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cristina M Villanueva
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier García-Pérez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Boldo
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Goñi-Irigoyen
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Public Health of Gipuzkoa, Avda. de Navarra, 4, 20013, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Enrique Ulibarrena
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Public Health of Gipuzkoa, Avda. de Navarra, 4, 20013, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Chemicals and Health Unit, P.O. Box 95, 70701, Kuopio, FI, Finland
| | - Esther García-Esquinas
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Pollán
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta de Hierro (IDIPHIM), Madrid, Spain
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16
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Espejo-Herrera N, Gracia-Lavedan E, Pollan M, Aragonés N, Boldo E, Perez-Gomez B, Altzibar JM, Amiano P, Zabala AJ, Ardanaz E, Guevara M, Molina AJ, Barrio JP, Gómez-Acebo I, Tardón A, Peiró R, Chirlaque MD, Palau M, Muñoz M, Font-Ribera L, Castaño-Vinyals G, Kogevinas M, Villanueva CM. Ingested Nitrate and Breast Cancer in the Spanish Multicase-Control Study on Cancer (MCC-Spain). Environ Health Perspect 2016; 124:1042-9. [PMID: 26942716 PMCID: PMC4937871 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1510334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ingested nitrate leads to endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds that are breast carcinogens in animals, but human evidence is limited. OBJECTIVE We evaluated ingested nitrate as a risk factor for breast cancer (BC) in a multicase-control study. METHODS Hospital-based incident BC cases and population-based controls were recruited in eight Spanish regions in 2008-2013; participants provided residential and water consumption from 18 years of age and information on known BC risk factors. Long-term nitrate levels (1940-2010) were estimated and linked with residential histories and water consumption to calculate waterborne ingested nitrate (milligrams/day). Dietary ingested nitrate (milligrams/day) was calculated using food frequency questionnaires and published dietary nitrate contents. Interactions with endogenous nitrosation factors and other variables were evaluated. A total of 1,245 cases and 1,520 controls were included in the statistical analysis. RESULTS Among the study regions, average ± SD waterborne ingested nitrate ranged from 2.9 ± 1.9 to 13.5 ± 7.5 mg/day, and dietary ingested nitrate ranged from 88.5 ± 48.7 to 154 ± 87.8 mg/day. Waterborne ingested nitrate was not associated with BC overall, but among postmenopausal women, those with both high nitrate (> 6 vs. < 2.6 mg/day) and high red meat intake (≥ 20 vs. < 20 g/day) were more likely to be cases than women with low nitrate and low red meat intake (adjusted odds ratio = 1.64; 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 2.49; overall interaction p-value = 0.17). No association was found with dietary nitrate. CONCLUSIONS Waterborne ingested nitrate was associated with BC only among postmenopausal women with high red meat consumption. Dietary nitrate was not associated with BC regardless of the animal or vegetable source or of menopausal status. CITATION Espejo-Herrera N, Gracia-Lavedan E, Pollan M, Aragonés N, Boldo E, Perez-Gomez B, Altzibar JM, Amiano P, Zabala AJ, Ardanaz E, Guevara M, Molina AJ, Barrio JP, Gómez-Acebo I, Tardón A, Peiró R, Chirlaque MD, Palau M, Muñoz M, Font-Ribera L, Castaño-Vinyals G, Kogevinas M, Villanueva CM. 2016. Ingested nitrate and breast cancer in the Spanish Multicase-Control Study on Cancer (MCC-Spain). Environ Health Perspect 124:1042-1049; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510334.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Espejo-Herrera
- ISGlobal Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Gracia-Lavedan
- ISGlobal Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Pollan
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Puerta De Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Puerta De Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Boldo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Puerta De Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Perez-Gomez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Puerta De Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jone M. Altzibar
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ana Jiménez Zabala
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marcela Guevara
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Molina
- Research Group in Gene–Environment–Health Interactions (GIIGAS), University of Leon, León, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Barrio
- Research Group in Gene–Environment–Health Interactions (GIIGAS), University of Leon, León, Spain
| | - Ines Gómez-Acebo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- IDIVAL (Valdecilla Institute of Research), University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Oncology Institute IUOPA (Institute of Oncology of Asturias), Universidad de Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Rosana Peiró
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Research in Public Health, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Margarita Palau
- Division of Public Health Quality and Innovation, Health Ministry of Spain, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montse Muñoz
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Font-Ribera
- ISGlobal Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- ISGlobal Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- ISGlobal Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina M. Villanueva
- ISGlobal Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Espejo-Herrera N, Gràcia-Lavedan E, Boldo E, Aragonés N, Pérez-Gómez B, Pollán M, Molina AJ, Fernández T, Martín V, La Vecchia C, Bosetti C, Tavani A, Polesel J, Serraino D, Gómez Acebo I, Altzibar JM, Ardanaz E, Burgui R, Pisa F, Fernández-Tardón G, Tardón A, Peiró R, Navarro C, Castaño-Vinyals G, Moreno V, Righi E, Aggazzotti G, Basagaña X, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Kogevinas M, Villanueva CM. Colorectal cancer risk and nitrate exposure through drinking water and diet. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:334-46. [PMID: 26954527 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ingested nitrate leads to the endogenous synthesis of N-nitroso compounds (NOCs), animal carcinogens with limited human evidence. We aimed to evaluate the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) associated with nitrate exposure in drinking water and diet. A case-control study in Spain and Italy during 2008-2013 was conducted. Hospital-based incident cases and population-based (Spain) or hospital-based (Italy) controls were interviewed on residential history, water consumption since age 18, and dietary information. Long-term waterborne ingested nitrate was derived from routine monitoring records, linked to subjects' residential histories and water consumption habits. Dietary nitrate intake was estimated from food frequency questionnaires and published food composition databases. Odd ratios (OR) were calculated using mixed models with area as random effect, adjusted for CRC risk factors and other covariables. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to analyze exposure-response relationships. Interaction with endogenous nitrosation factors and other covariables was also evaluated. In total 1,869 cases and 3,530 controls were analyzed. Average waterborne ingested nitrate ranged from 3.4 to 19.7 mg/day, among areas. OR (95% CIs) of CRC was 1.49 (1.24, 1.78) for >10 versus ≤5 mg/day, overall. Associations were larger among men versus women, and among subjects with high red meat intake. GAMs showed increasing exposure-response relationship among men. Animal-derived dietary nitrate was associated with rectal, but not with colon cancer risk. In conclusion, a positive association between CRC risk and waterborne ingested nitrate is suggested, mainly among subgroups with other risk factors. Heterogeneous effects of nitrate from different sources (water, animal and vegetables) warrant further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Espejo-Herrera
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Gràcia-Lavedan
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Boldo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta De Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta De Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta De Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Pollán
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Cancer Epidemiology Research Group, Oncology and Hematology Area, IIS Puerta De Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J Molina
- Research Group on Gene-Environment Interactions and Health, , University of León, León, Spain
| | - Tania Fernández
- Research Group on Gene-Environment Interactions and Health, , University of León, León, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Research Group on Gene-Environment Interactions and Health, , University of León, León, Spain
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Bosetti
- Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tavani
- Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, IRCCS, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, IRCCS, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Inés Gómez Acebo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,University of Cantabria, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Jone M Altzibar
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastián, Spain.,Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rosana Burgui
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Federica Pisa
- SOC Igiene ed Epidemiologia Clinica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Udine, Italy
| | - Guillermo Fernández-Tardón
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Oncology Institute IUOPA, Universidad de Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Oncology Institute IUOPA, Universidad de Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Rosana Peiró
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Centre for Research in Public Health, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Navarro
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Epidemiology IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain.,Department of Health and Social Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.,University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Righi
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina M Villanueva
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Vitoria I, Maraver F, Sánchez-Valverde F, Armijo F. [Nitrate concentrations in tap water in Spain]. Gac Sanit 2015; 29:217-20. [PMID: 25661464 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine nitrate concentrations in drinking water in a sample of Spanish cities. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used ion chromatography to analyze the nitrate concentrations of public drinking water in 108 Spanish municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants (supplying 21,290,707 potential individuals). The samples were collected between January and April 2012. The total number of samples tested was 324. RESULTS The median nitrate concentration was 3.47 mg/L (range: 0.38-66.76; interquartile range: 4.51). The water from 94% of the municipalities contained less than 15 mg/L. The concentration was higher than 25mg/L in only 3 municipalities and was greater than 50mg/L in one. CONCLUSIONS Nitrate levels in most public drinking water supplies in municipalities inhabited by almost half of the Spanish population are below 15 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidro Vitoria
- Unidad de Nutrición y Metabolopatías, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España.
| | - Francisco Maraver
- Escuela Profesional de Hidrología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, España
| | - Félix Sánchez-Valverde
- Sección de Gastroenterología y Nutrición Pediátrica, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, España
| | - Francisco Armijo
- Escuela Profesional de Hidrología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, España
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19
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Espejo-Herrera N, Cantor KP, Malats N, Silverman DT, Tardón A, García-Closas R, Serra C, Kogevinas M, Villanueva CM. Nitrate in drinking water and bladder cancer risk in Spain. Environ Res 2015; 137:299-307. [PMID: 25601732 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrate is a widespread contaminant in drinking water and ingested nitrate under conditions resulting in endogenous nitrosation is suspected to be carcinogenic. However, the suggested association between nitrate in drinking water and bladder cancer remains inconsistent. We evaluated the long-term exposure to drinking water nitrate as a risk factor for bladder cancer, considering endogenous nitrosation modifiers and other covariables. METHODS We conducted a hospital-based case-control study of bladder cancer in Spain (1998-2001). Residential histories and water consumption information were ascertained through personal interviews. Historical nitrate levels (1940-2000) were estimated in study municipalities based on monitoring records and water source. Residential histories of study subjects were linked with nitrate estimates by year and municipality to calculate individual exposure from age 18 to recruitment. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for bladder cancer among 531 cases and 556 controls with reliable interviews and nitrate exposure information covering at least 70% of years from age 18 to interview. RESULTS Average residential levels ranged from 2.1mg/L to 12.0mg/L among regions. Adjusted OR (95%CI) for average residential levels relative to ≤ 5 mg/L were 1.2 (0.7-2.0) for >5-10mg/L and 1.1 (0.6-1.9) for >10mg/L. The OR for subjects with longest exposure duration (>20 years) to highest levels (>9.5mg/L) was 1.4 (0.9-2.3). Stratification by intake of vitamin C, vitamin E, meat, and gastric ulcer diagnosis did not modify these results. A non-significant negative association was found with waterborne ingested nitrate with an OR of 0.7 (0.4-1.0) for >8 vs. ≤ 4 mg/day. Adjustment for several covariables showed similar results to crude analyses. CONCLUSION Bladder cancer risk was inconsistently associated with chronic exposure to drinking water nitrate at levels below the current regulatory limit. Elevated risk is suggested only among subjects with longest exposure duration to the highest levels. No evidence of interaction with endogenous nitrosation modifiers was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Espejo-Herrera
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kenneth P Cantor
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nuria Malats
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Debra T Silverman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Consol Serra
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain; Consorci Hospitalari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain; National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece
| | - Cristina M Villanueva
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.
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20
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Castaño-Vinyals G, Aragonés N, Pérez-Gómez B, Martín V, Llorca J, Moreno V, Altzibar JM, Ardanaz E, de Sanjosé S, Jiménez-Moleón JJ, Tardón A, Alguacil J, Peiró R, Marcos-Gragera R, Navarro C, Pollán M, Kogevinas M. Population-based multicase-control study in common tumors in Spain (MCC-Spain): rationale and study design. Gac Sanit 2015; 29:308-15. [PMID: 25613680 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We present the protocol of a large population-based case-control study of 5 common tumors in Spain (MCC-Spain) that evaluates environmental exposures and genetic factors. METHODS Between 2008-2013, 10,106 subjects aged 20-85 were enrolled in 23 hospitals and primary care centres in 12 Spanish provinces including 1,112 cases with a new diagnosis of prostate cancer, 1,738 of breast cancer, 2,140 of colorectal cancer, 459 of gastro-oesophageal cancer, 559 cases with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and 4,098 population controls frequency matched to cases by age, sex and region of residence. Participation rates ranged from 57% (stomach cancer) to 87% (CLL cases) and from 30% to 77% in controls. Participants completed a face-to-face computerized interview on sociodemographic factors, environmental exposures, occupation, medication, lifestyle, and personal and family medical history. In addition, participants completed a self-administered food-frequency questionnaire and telephone interviews. Blood samples were collected from 76% of participants while saliva samples were collected in CLL cases and participants refusing blood extractions. Clinical information was recorded for cases and paraffin blocks and/or fresh tumor samples are available in most collaborating hospitals. Genotyping was done through an exome array enriched with genetic markers in specific pathways. Multiple analyses are planned to assess the association of environmental, personal and genetic risk factors for each tumor and to identify pleiotropic effects. DISCUSSION This study, conducted within the Spanish Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), is a unique initiative to evaluate etiological factors for common cancers and will promote cancer research and prevention in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- Environmental and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IIS Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Environmental and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IIS Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín
- Universidad de León, León, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Llorca
- Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno
- IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jone M Altzibar
- Subdirección de Salud Pública de Gipuzkoa, Donostia, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sílvia de Sanjosé
- IDIBELL-Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Juan Jiménez-Moleón
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Alguacil
- Centro de Investigación en Salud y Medio Ambiente (CYSMA), Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosana Peiró
- Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana FISABIO-Salud Pública, Valencia, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Marcos-Gragera
- Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry, Oncology Coordination Plan, Department of Health, Autonomous Government of Catalonia, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdiBGi), Girona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Navarro
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Authority, Murcia, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Health and Social Sciences, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Pollán
- Environmental and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, National Center of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IIS Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; School of Public Health, Athens, Greece
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21
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Bailey JC, Feelisch M, Horowitz JD, Frenneaux MP, Madhani M. Pharmacology and therapeutic role of inorganic nitrite and nitrate in vasodilatation. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 144:303-20. [PMID: 24992304 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitrite has emerged as an important bioactive molecule that can be biotransformed to nitric oxide (NO) related metabolites in normoxia and reduced to NO under hypoxic and acidic conditions to exert vasodilatory effects and confer a variety of other benefits to the cardiovascular system. Abundant research is currently underway to understand the mechanisms involved and define the role of nitrite in health and disease. In this review we discuss the impact of nitrite and dietary nitrate on vascular function and the potential therapeutic role of nitrite in acute heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Bailey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - M Feelisch
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - J D Horowitz
- The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - M P Frenneaux
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - M Madhani
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK.
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