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Bhatnagar A, Burman N, Sharma E, Tyagi A, Khurana P, Khurana JP. Two splice forms of OsbZIP1, a homolog of AtHY5, function to regulate skotomorphogenesis and photomorphogenesis in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:426-447. [PMID: 37300540 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants possess well-developed light sensing mechanisms and signal transduction systems for regulating photomorphogenesis. ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5), a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor, has been extensively characterized in dicots. In this study, we show that OsbZIP1 is a functional homolog of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) HY5 (AtHY5) and is important for light-mediated regulation of seedling and mature plant development in rice (Oryza sativa). Ectopic expression of OsbZIP1 in rice reduced plant height and leaf length without affecting plant fertility, which contrasts with OsbZIP48, a previously characterized HY5 homolog. OsbZIP1 is alternatively spliced, and the OsbZIP1.2 isoform lacking the CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1)-binding domain regulated seedling development in the dark. Rice seedlings overexpressing OsbZIP1 were shorter than the vector control under white and monochromatic light conditions, whereas RNAi knockdown seedlings displayed the opposite phenotype. While OsbZIP1.1 was light-regulated, OsbZIP1.2 showed a similar expression profile in both light and dark conditions. Due to its interaction with OsCOP1, OsbZIP1.1 undergoes 26S proteasome-mediated degradation under dark conditions. Also, OsbZIP1.1 interacted with and was phosphorylated by CASEIN KINASE2 (OsCK2α3). In contrast, OsbZIP1.2 did not show any interaction with OsCOP1 or OsCK2α3. We propose that OsbZIP1.1 likely regulates seedling development in the light, while OsbZIP1.2 is the dominant player under dark conditions. The data presented in this study reveal that AtHY5 homologs in rice have undergone neofunctionalization, and alternative splicing of OsbZIP1 has increased the repertoire of its functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Bhatnagar
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics & Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Naini Burman
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics & Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Eshan Sharma
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics & Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Akhilesh Tyagi
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics & Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Paramjit Khurana
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics & Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Jitendra P Khurana
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics & Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
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Zhao L, Sun J, Cai Y, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Ogutu CO, Liu J, Zhao Y, Wang F, He H, Zheng B, Han Y. PpHYH is responsible for light-induced anthocyanin accumulation in fruit peel of Prunus persica. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:1662-1677. [PMID: 35220436 PMCID: PMC9366866 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Peach Prunus persica is an economically important fruit tree crop worldwide. Although the external color of fruit is an important aspect of fruit quality, the mechanisms underlying its formation remain elusive in peach. Here, we report an elongated hypocotyl 5-homolog gene PpHYH involved in the regulation of anthocyanin pigmentation in peach fruit peel. Anthocyanin accumulation in fruit peel is light-dependent in peach. PpHYH had no auto-activation activity and its transcription was induced by sunlight. PpHYH activated transcription of a cluster of three PpMYB10 genes in the present of a cofactor PpBBX4 encoding a B-BOX protein, leading to anthocyanin accumulation in the sun-exposed peel. However, the PpHYH activity was repressed by a negative regulator of PpCOP1 encoding constitutive photomorphogenesis protein 1 which accumulated in the nucleus under dark condition, resulting in failure of anthocyanin accumulation in the shaded peel. PpCOP1 was re-localized into the cytosol under light condition, in accordance with fruit peel pigmentation. Additionally, transport of anthocyanins from the cytoplasm to the vacuole was a rate-limiting step for anthocyanin accumulation in peach fruit peel. Our results reveal for the first time the HYH gene involved in the regulation of anthocyanin accumulation in fruits, and provide target genes for genetic manipulation of fruit coloration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Juanli Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaming Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiurui Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Collins Otieno Ogutu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Furong Wang
- Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea, Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, Hubei 430209, China
| | - Huaping He
- Institute of Fruit Tree and Tea, Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, Hubei 430209, China
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Genome-Wide Profiling of Alternative Splicing and Gene Fusion during Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus Stress in Maize (Zea mays L.). Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030456. [PMID: 35328010 PMCID: PMC8955601 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) causes maize rough dwarf disease (MRDD), which is a viral disease that significantly affects maize yields worldwide. Plants tolerate stress through transcriptional reprogramming at the alternative splicing (AS), transcriptional, and fusion gene (FG) levels. However, it is unclear whether and how AS and FG interfere with transcriptional reprogramming in MRDD. In this study, we performed global profiling of AS and FG on maize response to RBSDV and compared it with transcriptional changes. There are approximately 1.43 to 2.25 AS events per gene in maize infected with RBSDV. GRMZM2G438622 was only detected in four AS modes (A3SS, A5SS, RI, and SE), whereas GRMZM2G059392 showed downregulated expression and four AS events. A total of 106 and 176 FGs were detected at two time points, respectively, including six differentially expressed genes and five differentially spliced genes. The gene GRMZM2G076798 was the only FG that occurred at two time points and was involved in two FG events. Among these, 104 GOs were enriched, indicating that nodulin-, disease resistance-, and chloroplastic-related genes respond to RBSDV stress in maize. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying post-transcriptional and transcriptional regulation of maize response to RBSDV stress.
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Huang CK, Lin WD, Wu SH. An improved repertoire of splicing variants and their potential roles in Arabidopsis photomorphogenic development. Genome Biol 2022; 23:50. [PMID: 35139889 PMCID: PMC8827149 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-022-02620-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Light switches on the photomorphogenic development of young plant seedlings, allowing young seedlings to acquire photosynthetic capacities and gain survival fitness. Light regulates gene expression at all levels of the central dogma, including alternative splicing (AS) during the photomorphogenic development. However, accurate determination of full-length (FL) splicing variants has been greatly hampered by short-read RNA sequencing technologies. Result In this study, we adopt PacBio isoform sequencing (Iso-seq) to overcome the limitation of the short-read RNA-seq technologies. Normalized cDNA libraries used for Iso-seq allows for comprehensive and effective identification of FL AS variants. Our analyses reveal more than 30,000 splicing variant models from approximately 16,500 gene loci and additionally identify approximately 700 previously unannotated genes. Among the variants, approximately 12,000 represent new gene models. Intron retention (IR) is the most frequently observed form of variants, and many IR-containing AS variants show evidence of engagement in translation. Our study reveals the formation of heterodimers of transcription factors composed of annotated and IR-containing AS variants. Moreover, transgenic plants overexpressing the IR forms of two B-BOX DOMAIN PROTEINs exhibits light-hypersensitive phenotypes, suggesting their regulatory roles in modulating optimal light responses. Conclusions This study provides an accurate and comprehensive portrait of full-length transcript isoforms and experimentally confirms the presence of de novo synthesized AS variants that impose regulatory functions in photomorphogenic development in Arabidopsis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13059-022-02620-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Kai Huang
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Sec. 2, Academia Rd., Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Dar Lin
- The Bioinformatics Core Lab, Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsing Wu
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, 128, Sec. 2, Academia Rd., Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
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Liebers M, Gillet FX, Israel A, Pounot K, Chambon L, Chieb M, Chevalier F, Ruedas R, Favier A, Gans P, Boeri Erba E, Cobessi D, Pfannschmidt T, Blanvillain R. Nucleo-plastidic PAP8/pTAC6 couples chloroplast formation with photomorphogenesis. EMBO J 2020; 39:e104941. [PMID: 33001465 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020104941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The initial greening of angiosperms involves light activation of photoreceptors that trigger photomorphogenesis, followed by the development of chloroplasts. In these semi-autonomous organelles, construction of the photosynthetic apparatus depends on the coordination of nuclear and plastid gene expression. Here, we show that the expression of PAP8, an essential subunit of the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) in Arabidopsis thaliana, is under the control of a regulatory element recognized by the photomorphogenic factor HY5. PAP8 protein is localized and active in both plastids and the nucleus, and particularly required for the formation of late photobodies. In the pap8 albino mutant, phytochrome-mediated signalling is altered, degradation of the chloroplast development repressors PIF1/PIF3 is disrupted, HY5 is not stabilized, and the expression of the photomorphogenesis regulator GLK1 is impaired. PAP8 translocates into plastids via its targeting pre-sequence, interacts with the PEP and eventually reaches the nucleus, where it can interact with another PEP subunit pTAC12/HMR/PAP5. Since PAP8 is required for the phytochrome B-mediated signalling cascade and the reshaping of the PEP activity, it may coordinate nuclear gene expression with PEP-driven chloroplastic gene expression during chloroplast biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Liebers
- CNRS, CEA, INRA, IRIG-LPCV, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Abir Israel
- CNRS, CEA, INRA, IRIG-LPCV, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Kevin Pounot
- CNRS, CEA, INRA, IRIG-LPCV, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Louise Chambon
- CNRS, CEA, INRA, IRIG-LPCV, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Maha Chieb
- CNRS, CEA, INRA, IRIG-LPCV, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabien Chevalier
- CNRS, CEA, INRA, IRIG-LPCV, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Rémi Ruedas
- CEA, CNRS, IBS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Adrien Favier
- CEA, CNRS, IBS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre Gans
- CEA, CNRS, IBS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - David Cobessi
- CEA, CNRS, IBS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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Zhang X, Hou X, Liu Y, Zheng L, Yi Q, Zhang H, Huang X, Zhang J, Hu Y, Yu G, Liu H, Li Y, Huang H, Zhan F, Chen L, Tang J, Huang Y. Maize brachytic2 (br2) suppresses the elongation of lower internodes for excessive auxin accumulation in the intercalary meristem region. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:589. [PMID: 31881837 PMCID: PMC6935237 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2200-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short internodes contribute to plant dwarfism, which is exceedingly beneficial for crop production. However, the underlying mechanisms of internode elongation are complicated and have been not fully understood. RESULTS Here, we report a maize dwarf mutant, dwarf2014 (d2014), which displays shortened lower internodes. Map-based cloning revealed that the d2014 gene is a novel br2 allele with a splicing variation, resulting in a higher expression of BR2-T02 instead of normal BR2-T01. Then, we found that the internode elongation in d2014/br2 exhibited a pattern of inhibition-normality-inhibition (transient for the ear-internode), correspondingly, at the 6-leaf, 12-leaf and 14-leaf stages. Indeed, BR2 encodes a P-glycoprotein1 (PGP1) protein that functions in auxin efflux, and our in situ hybridization assay showed that BR2 was mainly expressed in vascular bundles of the node and internode. Furthermore, significantly higher auxin concentration was detected in the stem apex of d2014 at the 6-leaf stage and strictly in the node region for the ear-internode at the 14-leaf stage. In such context, we propose that BR2/PGP1 transports auxin from node to internode through the vascular bundles, and excessive auxin accumulation in the node (immediately next to the intercalary meristem) region suppresses internode elongation of d2014. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that low auxin levels mediated by BR2/PGP1 in the intercalary meristem region are crucial for internode elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangge Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics of Disease Resistance and Disease Control, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianbin Hou
- College of Agriculture and Food Engineering, Baise University, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Yinghong Liu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lanjie Zheng
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Yi
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Haojun Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinrong Huang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Yufeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics of Disease Resistance and Disease Control, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Guowu Yu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanmei Liu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Yangping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics of Disease Resistance and Disease Control, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Huanhuan Huang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Feilong Zhan
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jihua Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Yubi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics of Disease Resistance and Disease Control, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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Li C, Zheng L, Wang X, Hu Z, Zheng Y, Chen Q, Hao X, Xiao X, Wang X, Wang G, Zhang Y. Comprehensive expression analysis of Arabidopsis GA2-oxidase genes and their functional insights. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 285:1-13. [PMID: 31203874 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive gibberellins (GAs) play multiple roles in plant development and stress responses. GA2-oxidases (GA2oxs) are a class of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that regulate the deactivation of bioactive GAs. In this study, we investigated the phylogeny and domain structures of the seven GA2ox genes present in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. Comprehensive expression analysis using translational reporter lines showed that the seven GA2ox genes are differentially expressed during Arabidopsis growth and development: GA2ox1 is specifically expressed in the hypocotyl and lateral root primordium; GA2ox2 is highly expressed in aboveground tissues; GA2ox3 is expressed in the chalazal endosperm of the early embryo sac and inflorescences; GA2ox4 is expressed in the shoot apical meristem and during lateral root initiation; GA2ox6 is expressed in the maturation zone, but not in the meristem or elongating zone of the root; GA2ox7 is constitutively expressed during almost all developmental stages; and GA2ox8 is exclusively expressed in stomatal cells. Overexpression of each of these GA2ox genes inhibited high temperature-induced hypocotyl elongation in both wild-type and elongated hypocotyl 5 plants, which have an elongated hypocotyl phenotype, suggesting that these genes negatively regulate hypocotyl elongation by reducing bioactive GA levels. This study provides a valuable resource for further elucidating the roles of GA2ox genes during different stages of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Lanlan Zheng
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Xuening Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China
| | - Zhubing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Qinhua Chen
- Affiliated Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei Shiyan, 442008, China
| | - Xincai Hao
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Xuanbin Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China.
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.
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Alternative splicing of ZmCCA1 mediates drought response in tropical maize. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211623. [PMID: 30699185 PMCID: PMC6353190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock regulates numerous biological processes in plants, especially development and stress responses. CIRCADIAN CLOCK-ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) is one of the core components of the day–night rhythm response and is reportedly associated with ambient temperature in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, it remains unknown if alternative splicing of ZmCCA1 is modulated by external stress in maize, such as drought stress and photoperiod. Here, we identified three ZmCCA1 splice variants in the tropical maize line CML288, which are predicted to encode three different protein isoforms, i.e., ZmCCA1.1, ZmCCA1.2, and ZmCCA1.3, which all retain the MYB domain. In maize, the expression levels of ZmCCA1 splice variants were influenced by photoperiod, tissue type, and drought stress. In transgenic A. thaliana, ZmCCA1.1 may be more effective than ZmCCA1.3 in increasing drought tolerance while ZmCCA1.2 may have only a small effect on tolerance to drought stress. Additionally, although CCA1 genes have been found in many plant species, alternative CCA1 splicing events are known to occur in species-specific ways. Our study provides new sight to explore the function of ZmCCA1 splice variants’ response to abiotic stress, and clarify the linkage between circadian clock and environmental stress in maize.
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Zhang Y, Wang C, Xu H, Shi X, Zhen W, Hu Z, Huang J, Zheng Y, Huang P, Zhang KX, Xiao X, Hao X, Wang X, Zhou C, Wang G, Li C, Zheng L. HY5 Contributes to Light-Regulated Root System Architecture Under a Root-Covered Culture System. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1490. [PMID: 31850011 PMCID: PMC6892842 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Light is essential for plant organogenesis and development. Light-regulated shoot morphogenesis has been extensively studied; however, the mechanisms by which plant roots perceive and respond to aboveground light are largely unknown, particularly because the roots of most terrestrial plants are usually located underground in darkness. To mimic natural root growth conditions, we developed a root-covered system (RCS) in which the shoots were illuminated and the plant roots could be either exposed to light or cultivated in darkness. Using the RCS, we observed that root growth of wild-type plants was significantly promoted when the roots were in darkness, whereas it was inhibited by direct light exposure. This growth change seems to be regulated by ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), a master regulator of photomorphogenesis. Light was found to regulate HY5 expression in the roots, while a HY5 deficiency partially abolished the inhibition of growth in roots directly exposed to light, suggesting that HY5 expression is induced by direct light exposure and inhibits root growth. However, no differences in HY5 expression were observed between illuminated and dark-grown cop1 roots, indicating that HY5 may be regulated by COP1-mediated proteasome degradation. We confirmed the crucial role of HY5 in regulating root development in response to light under soil-grown conditions. A transcriptomic analysis revealed that light controls the expression of numerous genes involved in phytohormone signaling, stress adaptation, and metabolic processes in a HY5-dependent manner. In combination with the results of the flavonol quantification and exogenous quercetin application, these findings suggested that HY5 regulates the root response to light through a complex network that integrates flavonol biosynthesis and reactive oxygen species signaling. Collectively, our results indicate that HY5 is a master regulator of root photomorphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Zhang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Chunfei Wang
- Center for Multi-omics Research, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Center for Multi-omics Research, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiong Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weibo Zhen
- Center for Multi-omics Research, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhubing Hu
- Center for Multi-omics Research, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji Huang
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Yan Zheng
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Kun-Xiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xincai Hao
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xuanbin Wang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Regional Plant Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement (CTGU)/Biotechnology Research Center, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Guodong Wang, ; Chen Li, ; Lanlan Zheng,
| | - Chen Li
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- *Correspondence: Guodong Wang, ; Chen Li, ; Lanlan Zheng,
| | - Lanlan Zheng
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- *Correspondence: Guodong Wang, ; Chen Li, ; Lanlan Zheng,
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10
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Szakonyi D, Duque P. Alternative Splicing as a Regulator of Early Plant Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1174. [PMID: 30158945 PMCID: PMC6104592 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Most plant genes are interrupted by introns and the corresponding transcripts need to undergo pre-mRNA splicing to remove these intervening sequences. Alternative splicing (AS) is an important posttranscriptional process that creates multiple mRNA variants from a single pre-mRNA molecule, thereby enhancing the coding and regulatory potential of genomes. In plants, this mechanism has been implicated in the response to environmental cues, including abiotic and biotic stresses, in the regulation of key developmental processes such as flowering, and in circadian timekeeping. The early plant development steps - from embryo formation and seed germination to skoto- and photomorphogenesis - are critical to both execute the correct body plan and initiate a new reproductive cycle. We review here the available evidence for the involvement of AS and various splicing factors in the initial stages of plant development, while highlighting recent findings as well as potential future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula Duque
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
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11
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Zhang Y, Li C, Zhang J, Wang J, Yang J, Lv Y, Yang N, Liu J, Wang X, Palfalvi G, Wang G, Zheng L. Dissection of HY5/HYH expression in Arabidopsis reveals a root-autonomous HY5-mediated photomorphogenic pathway. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180449. [PMID: 28683099 PMCID: PMC5500333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), a member of the bZIP gene family, is a positive regulator of the light signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. Whereas the hy5 mutant exhibits an elongated hypocotyl when grown in the light, the hy5 homolog (hyh) mutant does not. Although the functions of HY5 and HYH in light-mediated seedling development have been revealed, the tissue-specific expression patterns of HY5 and HYH and their interconnected regulation are largely unknown. Here, we report that HY5 regulates HYH expression in roots and contributes to root growth under different light conditions. We generated HY5 and HYH transcriptional and translational fusion reporter lines to investigate their expression patterns. HY5 was constitutively expressed in all root tissues, while HYH was predominantly expressed in root xylem cells. Root growth after a dark-to-light transition was perturbed in the hy5 and hy5hyh mutant lines, but not in the hyh mutant line, indicating that HY5 plays a major role in light-regulated root growth. Light-induced HY5/HYH expression occurred autonomously in roots. HYH expression in roots was decreased in the hy5 mutant, suggesting that HY5 regulates HYH expression. Collectively, these results indicate that an organ-specific HY5-mediated pathway controls root photomorphogenic development independently of light signaling in the shoot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Zhang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Chen Li
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jiajing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingwei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanxia Lv
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Nian Yang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xuanbin Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Oncology Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Gergo Palfalvi
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Guodong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
- * E-mail: (GW); (LZ)
| | - Lanlan Zheng
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant, School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
- * E-mail: (GW); (LZ)
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12
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Serivichyaswat PT, Susila H, Ahn JH. Elongated Hypocotyl 5-Homolog (HYH) Negatively Regulates Expression of the Ambient Temperature-Responsive MicroRNA Gene MIR169. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2087. [PMID: 29270188 PMCID: PMC5725467 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis microRNA169 (miR169) is an ambient temperature-responsive microRNA that plays an important role in stress responses and the floral transition. However, the transcription factors that regulate the expression of MIR169 have remained unknown. In this study, we show that Elongated Hypocotyl 5-Homolog (HYH) directly binds to the promoter of MIR169a and negatively regulates its expression. Absolute quantification identified MIR169a as the major locus producing miR169. GUS reporter assays revealed that the deletion of a 498-bp fragment (-1,505 to -1,007, relative to the major transcriptional start site) of MIR169a abolished its ambient temperature-responsive expression. DNA-affinity chromatography followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified transcription factor HYH as a trans-acting factor that binds to the 498-bp promoter fragment of pri-miR169a. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR demonstrated that the HYH.2 protein, a predominant isoform of HYH, directly associated with a G-box-like motif in the 498-bp fragment of pri-miR169a. Higher enrichment of HYH.2 protein on the promoter region of MIR169a was seen at 23°C, consistent with the presence of more HYH.2 protein in the cell at the temperature. Transcript levels of pri-miR169a increased in hyh mutants and decreased in transgenic plants overexpressing HYH. Consistent with the negative regulation of MIR169a by HYH, the diurnal levels of HYH mRNA and pri-miR169a showed opposite patterns. Taken together, our results suggest that HYH is a transcription factor that binds to a G-box-like motif in the MIR169a promoter and negatively regulates ambient temperature-responsive expression of MIR169a at higher temperatures in Arabidopsis.
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