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Mino E, Pfeifer K, Hanson CL, Schuler M, Brandmeier A, Klamroth S, Naber I, Weissenfels A, McHale S, Abu-Omar K, Gelius P, Whiting S, Wickramasinghe K, Galea G, Geidl W. Are physical activity referral scheme components associated with increased physical activity, scheme uptake, and adherence rate? A meta-analysis and meta-regression. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:82. [PMID: 39095805 PMCID: PMC11295389 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01623-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity referral schemes (PARS) are composed of various components, such as a written prescription or a person-centered approach. The role of these components in their effectiveness is yet to be understood. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationships between PARS components and physical activity, scheme uptake, and adherence rate; and to estimate the effect of PARS. METHODS We searched Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, HTA, Wiley Online Library, SAGE Journals, Taylor & Francis, Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and CORE. Eligible studies were published between 1990 and November 2023 in English or German, investigated PARS with participants aged ≥ 16 years, and reported physical activity, scheme uptake, or scheme adherence. Separate random-effects meta-analysis by comparison group were conducted for physical activity. Scheme uptake and adherence rates were pooled using proportional meta-analysis. The components were analyzed via univariate meta-regression. We rated the risk of bias using RoB2 and ROBINS-I, and the certainty of evidence using GRADE. RESULTS Fifty-two studies were included. PARS were more effective in increasing physical activity than usual care (k = 11, n = 5046, Hedges' g = 0.18, 95%CI 0.12 to 0.25; high certainty of evidence). When PARS were compared with physical activity advice or enhanced scheme versions, the pooled Hedges' g values for physical activity were -0.06 (k = 5, n = 1082, 95%CI -0.21 to 0.10; low certainty of evidence), and 0.07 (k = 9, n = 2647, 95%CI -0.03 to 0.18; low certainty of evidence) respectively. Scheme uptake was 87% (95%CI 77% to 94%, k = 14, n = 5000) across experimental studies and 68% (95%CI 51% to 83%, k = 14, n = 25,048) across non-experimental studies. Pooled scheme adherence was 68% (95%CI 55% to 80%, k = 16, n = 3939) and 53% (95%CI 42% to 63%, k = 18, n = 14,605). The meta-regression did not detect any significant relationships between components and physical activity or scheme uptake. A person-centered approach, screening, and brief advice were positively associated with scheme adherence, while physical activity sessions were negatively associated. CONCLUSION PARS are more effective in increasing physical activity than usual care only. We did not identify any components as significant predictors of physical activity and scheme uptake. Four components predicted scheme adherence, indicating that the component-effectiveness relationship warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriselda Mino
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Gebbertstraße 123b, Erlangen, 91058, Germany.
| | - Klaus Pfeifer
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Gebbertstraße 123b, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Coral L Hanson
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Sighthill Campus, Edinburgh, EH11 4DN, UK
| | - Michael Schuler
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2/ D7, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
- Department of Applied Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, Bochum, Germany
| | - Anna Brandmeier
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Gebbertstraße 123b, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Sarah Klamroth
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Gebbertstraße 123b, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Inga Naber
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Gebbertstraße 123b, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Anja Weissenfels
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Gebbertstraße 123b, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Sheona McHale
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Sighthill Campus, Edinburgh, EH11 4DN, UK
| | - Karim Abu-Omar
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Gebbertstraße 123b, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Peter Gelius
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephen Whiting
- Special Initiative for Noncommunicable Diseases and Innovation (SNI), WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kremlin Wickramasinghe
- Special Initiative for Noncommunicable Diseases and Innovation (SNI), WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gauden Galea
- Special Initiative for Noncommunicable Diseases and Innovation (SNI), WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Geidl
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Gebbertstraße 123b, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
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Dino MJS, Dion KW, Abadir PM, Budhathoki C, Huang CM, Padula WV, Himmelfarb CRD, Davidson PM. The impact of a mixed reality technology-driven health enhancing physical activity program among community-dwelling older adults: a study protocol. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1383407. [PMID: 38807990 PMCID: PMC11130374 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1383407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Physical inactivity and a sedentary lifestyle among community-dwelling older adults poses a greater risk for progressive physical and cognitive decline. Mixed reality technology-driven health enhancing physical activities such as the use of virtual coaches provide an emerging and promising solution to support healthy lifestyle, but the impact has not been clearly understood. Methods and analysis An observational explanatory sequential mixed-method research design was conceptualized to examine the potential impact of a user-preferred mixed reality technology-driven health enhancing physical activity program directed toward purposively selected community-dwelling older adults in two senior centers in the Philippines. Quantitative components of the study will be done through a discreet choice experiment and a quasi-experimental study. A total of 128, or 64 older adults in each center, will be recruited via posters at community senior centers who will undergo additional screening or health records review by a certified gerontologist to ensure safety and proper fit. Treatments (live coaching with video-based exercise and mixed reality technology-driven exercise) will be assigned to each of the two senior center sites for the quasi-experiment. The participants from the experimental group shall be involved in the discreet choice experiment, modeling, and usability evaluations. Finally, a qualitative sample of participants (n = 6) as key informants shall be obtained from the experimental group using purposive selection. Discussion This study protocol will examine the health impact of a promising mixed reality program in health promotion among older adults. The study utilizes a human-centered mixed method research design in technology development and evaluation in the context of developing nations.Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT06136468.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Joseph S. Dino
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Research, Development, and Innovation Center, Our Lady of Fatima University, Valenzuela, Philippines
- Sigma Theta Tau, International Honor Society in Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kenneth W. Dion
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Sigma Theta Tau, International Honor Society in Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Peter M. Abadir
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chakra Budhathoki
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Sigma Theta Tau, International Honor Society in Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Chien-Ming Huang
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - William V. Padula
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Economics, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Cheryl R. Dennison Himmelfarb
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Sigma Theta Tau, International Honor Society in Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Patricia M. Davidson
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Sigma Theta Tau, International Honor Society in Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Office of the Vice Chancellor and President, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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Resendiz E, Ramírez-Varela A, Mejía-Grueso J, Moon J, Mitáš J, Brownson RC, Salvo D, Pratt M. Breaking Barriers: An Innovative Tool to Assess the National and City-Level Physical Activity Policy Development to Practice Disconnect. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:425-433. [PMID: 38242113 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population-level physical activity increases are improbable without intersectoral collaboration across government levels and sectors to develop and implement physical activity promotion policies. This study aims to provide information about the development of the Interaction between National and Local Government Levels in Development and Implementation of Physical Activity Policies Tool (INTEGRATE PA-Pol). A framework was created to examine the development and implementation of national and subnational physical activity policies and the (mis)alignment between government levels. METHODS The work was conducted in 3 phases: (1) a scoping review was carried out to identify local government physical activity promotion policies and instruments for assessing them, (2) an expert group designed 6 questionnaires, and (3) cognitive response testing was employed for validity testing and item modification with a panel of research and policy experts. RESULTS The INTEGRATE PA-Pol Tool consists of 6 questionnaires assessing how national and subnational governments collaborate to develop and implement physical activity promotion policies. CONCLUSION This tool can assist in better understanding the development and implementation of a public policy monitoring system that will allow for benchmarking and priority setting to comprehend how physical activity promotion policies are designed and executed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugen Resendiz
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Jane Moon
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Josef Mitáš
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ross C Brownson
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Deborah Salvo
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael Pratt
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Van Hoye A, Regan C, Lane A, Vuillemin A, Woods C. Implementation of the GAA 'healthy clubs project' in Ireland: a qualitative study using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Health Promot Int 2024; 39:daad191. [PMID: 38243778 PMCID: PMC10799314 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The sports clubs' role in promoting health has been acknowledged by policy makers and researchers, but there is little evidence on how sports clubs implement health-related interventions. The present article investigates the Gaelic Athletic Association Healthy Club Project (HCP) implementation process (mechanisms, barriers, leverages) over a 10-year timeframe. A case study design helped to produce and compare a data synthesis for five clubs involved since 2013. A qualitative iterative data collection, including document analysis was conducted through 20 focus groups with Healthy Club Officers, coaches, participants and members. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used in the deductive analysis process, conducted by the first author. Results have shown the success of the HCP in placing health promotion on the agenda of sports clubs leading to informal policy for health promotion, even if activities and recognition are directed toward and coming from the community. This study also underlines the virtuous cycle of the settings-based approach in enhancing membership and volunteer recognition through health promotion actions, and the importance of social good and corporate social activities for sports clubs. Nevertheless, the HCP still relies on limited human resources, is not recognized by competitive oriented adult playing members. and acknowledged as a resource by some coaches, limiting its rootedness in the core business of sports clubs. Future research should empower the HCP community to focus on organizational changes and develop outcomes for individuals, for the club as a whole as well as for the local community.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Van Hoye
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, V94T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- UMR 1319 INSPIIRE, Université de Lorraine, 54600 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - C Regan
- Community and Health Department, Gaelic Athletic Association, D03 P6K7 Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Lane
- SHE Research Group, Technological University of the Shannon, N37HD68 Athlone, Ireland
| | - A Vuillemin
- LAHMESS, Université Côte d’Azur, 06200 Nice, France
| | - C Woods
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, V94T9PX Limerick, Ireland
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Messing S, Tcymbal A, Abu-Omar K, Gelius P. Research- vs. government-driven physical activity policy monitoring: a systematic review across different levels of government. Health Res Policy Syst 2023; 21:124. [PMID: 38012659 PMCID: PMC10680174 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-023-01068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though the importance of physical activity policy monitoring has increased in the last decade, there is a lack of understanding what different approaches exist and which methodology they employ. In order to address this research gap, this review attempts to map existing approaches of physical activity policy monitoring and to analyse methodological aspects, especially with regards to the roles of governments and researchers. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in five scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, SportDiscus, Psycinfo, Web of Knowledge) in July 2021, and the identified records were screened independently by two reviewers. Records were included if they (a) focused on the monitoring of public policies to promote PA, (b) allowed to compare policies across time, across nations/regions or across policy sectors, and (c) were written in English, German or Russian. During full text analysis, information on methodological aspects was extracted and studies were categorized based on the level of government involvement. RESULTS The search yielded in a total of 112 studies. 86 of these studies (76.8%) followed a research-driven approach (little or no government involvement) while only two studies (1.8%) were based on a government-driven approach (led by governments). The remaining 24 studies (21.4%) were based on a co-production approach (strong collaboration between researchers and governments). All in all, 18 different tools for physical activity policy monitoring were identified; key examples are the Report Cards on Physical Activity for Children and Youth (research-driven approach), the HEPA Monitoring Framework (government-driven approach) and the HEPA Policy Audit Tool (co-production approach). CONCLUSIONS The level of government involvement in policy monitoring differs significantly, and research-driven, government-driven and co-production approaches can be distinguished. These approaches have different strengths and weaknesses, and can be linked to distinct theories of change and models on research-policy relations. Increasing awareness on the implications of these approaches is key to improve the understanding and further development of physical activity policy monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Messing
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Antonina Tcymbal
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karim Abu-Omar
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Gelius
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Matolić T, Jurakić D, Podnar H, Radman I, Pedišić Ž. Promotion of health-enhancing physical activity in the sport sector: a study among representatives of 536 sports organisations from 36 European countries. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:750. [PMID: 37095502 PMCID: PMC10124020 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15589-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is a common belief that most sports clubs and organisations are primarily focused on elite sports while placing less emphasis on the promotion of health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA). However, there is a lack of evidence on this topic in the scientific literature. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the level and correlates of the commitment of sports organisations in Europe to HEPA promotion. METHODS Representatives of 536 sports organisations from 36 European countries responded to our survey. A multiple regression analysis was conducted with the commitment of sports organisation to HEPA promotion (0 ["not at all"] - 10 ["most highly"]) as the outcome variable and organisation type ("national sport association" reference group [ref], "European sports federation", "national umbrella sports organisation", "national Olympic committee", "national sport-for-all organisation"), headquarters in a European Union member state ("no" [ref], "yes"), region of Europe ("Western" [ref], "Central and Eastern", "Northern", "Southern"), commitment to elite sports ("low" [ref], "medium", "high"), and awareness of Sports Club for Health (SCforH) guidelines ("no" [ref], "yes") as explanatory variables. RESULTS Approximately 75.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 71.5, 78.8) of sports organisations were highly committed to elite sports. Only 28.2% (95% CI: 24.4, 32.0) of sports organisations reported a high commitment to HEPA promotion. A higher commitment to HEPA promotion was associated with the national Olympic committees (β = 1.48 [95% CI: 0.41, 2.55], p = 0.007), national sport-for-all organisations (β = 1.68 [95% CI: 0.74, 2.62], p < 0.001), location in Central and Eastern Europe (β = 0.56 [95% CI: 0.01, 1.12], p = 0.047), and awareness of SCforH guidelines (β = 0.86 [95% CI: 0.35, 1.37], p < 0.001). CONCLUSION From our findings, it seems that most sports organisations are primarily focused on elite sports. Coordinated actions at the European Union and national levels are needed to improve the promotion of HEPA through sports organisations. In this endeavour, it may be useful to consider national Olympic committees, national sport-for-all organisations, and relevant sports organisations in Central and Eastern Europe as role models and to raise the awareness of SCforH guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tena Matolić
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Horvaćanski zavoj 15, Zagreb, 10110, Croatia
| | - Danijel Jurakić
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Horvaćanski zavoj 15, Zagreb, 10110, Croatia.
| | - Hrvoje Podnar
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Horvaćanski zavoj 15, Zagreb, 10110, Croatia
| | - Ivan Radman
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Horvaćanski zavoj 15, Zagreb, 10110, Croatia
| | - Željko Pedišić
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Footscray Park Campus, Ballarat Road, Footscray, VIC, 3011, Australia.
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López-Fernández J, López-Valenciano A, Pearce G, Copeland RJ, Liguori G, Jiménez A, Mayo X. Physical Inactivity Levels of European Adolescents in 2002, 2005, 2013, and 2017. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3758. [PMID: 36834451 PMCID: PMC9966786 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sport and Physical Activity (PA) Special Eurobarometer surveys may inform of the physical inactivity (PIA) levels in the European Union (EU). This study aimed to analyse the PIA levels of EU adolescents (15-17 years) in four time points, according to gender. The data were from 2002, 2005, 20013, and 2017 Special Eurobarometers. Adolescents were categorised as "Inactive" when performing less than 60 min/day of moderate to vigorous PA on average. A χ2 test was used to compare the levels of PIA between survey years. PIA levels between gender were analysed using a Z-score test for two population proportions. PIA levels ranged from 67.2% for boys (59.4% to 71.5%;) to 76.8% for girls (76.0% to 83.4) across the time points. Adjusted standardised residuals revealed a decrease in the observed levels versus the expected for 2005 (whole sample: -4.2; boys: -3.3) and an increase for 2013 (whole sample: +2.9; boys: +2.5). Boys presented lower PIA levels than girls in all years (p ≤ 0.003), but descriptively, the difference progressively decreased (from 18.4% to 11.8%). No significant reductions in PIA levels were observed between 2002 and 2017, and girls reported consistently higher levels of PIA than boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge López-Fernández
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- GO fit LAB, Ingesport, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro López-Valenciano
- Department of Education Science, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 12006 Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Gemma Pearce
- Centre for Healthcare Research, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Robert J. Copeland
- Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
- The National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Sheffield S9 3TY, UK
| | - Gary Liguori
- Department of Movement Sciences, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA
| | - Alfonso Jiménez
- GO fit LAB, Ingesport, 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
- Observatory of Healthy & Active Living of Spain Active Foundation, Centre for Sport Studies, King Juan Carlos University, 28942 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xian Mayo
- GO fit LAB, Ingesport, 28003 Madrid, Spain
- Observatory of Healthy & Active Living of Spain Active Foundation, Centre for Sport Studies, King Juan Carlos University, 28942 Madrid, Spain
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Ramírez Varela A, Hallal PC, Mejía Grueso J, Pedišić Ž, Salvo D, Nguyen A, Klepac B, Bauman A, Siefken K, Hinckson E, Oyeyemi AL, Richards J, Salih Khidir ED, Inoue S, Amagasa S, Jauregui A, da Silva MC, Lee IM, Ding M, Kohl HW, Ekelund U, Heath GW, Powell KE, Foster C, Memon AR, Doumbia A, Rather AR, Razzaque A, Diouf A, Hino AA, Damasceno A, Abebe AD, Florindo AA, Mannocci A, Aringazina A, Juričan AB, Poffet A, Decelis A, Carlin A, Enescu A, Ochoa Avilés AM, Kontsevaya A, Somhegyi A, Vuillemin A, El Hamdouchi A, Théodore AA, Masanovic B, Lynch BM, Medina C, Del Campo C, Abdeta C, Moreways C, Ranasinghe C, Howitt C, Cameron C, Jurakić D, Martinez-Gomez D, Tladi D, Diro DT, Adlakha D, Mitić D, Bjelica D, Biernat E, Chisati EM, Lambert EV, Cerin E, Lee EY, Riso EM, Cañete Villalba F, Assah F, Lovrić F, Araya-Vargas GA, La Torre G, Cruz GIN, Baltaci G, Al Sabbah H, Nalecz H, Nashandi HL, Park H, Revuelta-Sánchez I, Nusurupia JJ, Zamora JL, Kopcakova J, Brazo-Sayavera J, Oppert JM, Nie J, Spence JC, Bradley JS, Mota J, Mitáš J, Chen J, Hylton KS, Fromel K, Milton K, Borodulin K, Moustapha KA, Martinez-Folgar K, Nasreddine L, Christiansen LB, Malisoux L, Malete L, Grepo-Jalao LC, Monteiro LZ, Al Subhi LK, Dakskobler M, Alnaji M, Garro MC, Hagströmer M, Murphy MH, Mclaughlin M, Rivera-Morales M, Scheinowitz M, Shkodra M, Piątkowska M, Chaudhury M, Alrashdi NZ, Mutrie N, Murphy N, Ahmad NH, Obeidat NA, Gómez NYR, Liangruenrom N, Arnesto OD, Flores-Flores O, Incarbone O, Chimeddamba O, Bovet P, Magalhães P, Jousilahti P, Katewongsa P, Gómez RAL, Shihab RA, Ocansey R, Veress R, Marine R, Carrizales-Ramos R, Saeed SY, El-Ashker S, Green S, Kasoma S, Beretervide S, Baldew SS, Nichols S, Khoo S, Hosseini SA, Goenka S, Gholamalishahi S, Kosen S, Compernolle S, Enescu SP, Popovic S, Paudel S, Andrade S, Titze S, Davidson T, Dusingizimana T, Dorner TE, Kolbe-Alexander TL, Huong TT, Sychareun V, Jarevska-Simovska V, Puloka VK, Onywera V, Wendel-Vos W, Dionyssiotis Y, Pratt M. Status and Trends of Physical Activity Surveillance, Policy, and Research in 164 Countries: Findings From the Global Observatory for Physical Activity-GoPA! 2015 and 2020 Surveys. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:112-128. [PMID: 36535269 PMCID: PMC10115485 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) surveillance, policy, and research efforts need to be periodically appraised to gain insight into national and global capacities for PA promotion. The aim of this paper was to assess the status and trends in PA surveillance, policy, and research in 164 countries. METHODS We used data from the Global Observatory for Physical Activity (GoPA!) 2015 and 2020 surveys. Comprehensive searches were performed for each country to determine the level of development of their PA surveillance, policy, and research, and the findings were verified by the GoPA! Country Contacts. Trends were analyzed based on the data available for both survey years. RESULTS The global 5-year progress in all 3 indicators was modest, with most countries either improving or staying at the same level. PA surveillance, policy, and research improved or remained at a high level in 48.1%, 40.6%, and 42.1% of the countries, respectively. PA surveillance, policy, and research scores decreased or remained at a low level in 8.3%, 15.8%, and 28.6% of the countries, respectively. The highest capacity for PA promotion was found in Europe, the lowest in Africa and low- and lower-middle-income countries. Although a large percentage of the world's population benefit from at least some PA policy, surveillance, and research efforts in their countries, 49.6 million people are without PA surveillance, 629.4 million people are without PA policy, and 108.7 million live in countries without any PA research output. A total of 6.3 billion people or 88.2% of the world's population live in countries where PA promotion capacity should be significantly improved. CONCLUSION Despite PA is essential for health, there are large inequalities between countries and world regions in their capacity to promote PA. Coordinated efforts are needed to reduce the inequalities and improve the global capacity for PA promotion.
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Woods CB, Kelly L, Volf K, Gelius P, Messing S, Forberger S, Lakerveld J, den Braver NR, Zukowska J, García Bengoechea E. The Physical Activity Environment Policy Index for monitoring government policies and actions to improve physical activity. Eur J Public Health 2022; 32:iv50-iv58. [PMID: 36444111 PMCID: PMC9706113 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A multifaceted response, including government action, is essential to improve population levels of physical activity (PA). This article describes the development process of the 'Physical Activity Environment Policy Index' (PA-EPI) monitoring framework, a tool to assess government policies and actions for creating a healthy PA environment. METHODS An iterative process was undertaken. This involved a review of policy documents from authoritative organizations, a PA policy audit of four European countries, and a systematic review of scientific literature. This was followed by an online consultation with academic experts (N = 101; 20 countries, 72% response rate), and policymakers (N = 40, 4 EU countries). During this process, consensus workshops were conducted, where quantitative and qualitative data, alongside theoretical and pragmatic considerations, were used to inform PA-EPI development. RESULTS The PA-EPI is conceptualized as a two-component 'policy' and 'infrastructure support' framework. The two-components comprise eight policy and seven infrastructure support domains. The policy domains are education, transport, urban design, healthcare, public education (including mass media), sport-for-all, workplaces and community. The infrastructure support domains are leadership, governance, monitoring and intelligence, funding and resources, platforms for interaction, workforce development and health-in-all-policies. Forty-five 'good practice statements' or indicators of ideal good practice within each domain conclude the PA-EPI. A potential eight-step process for conducting the PA-EPI is described. CONCLUSIONS Once pre-tested and piloted in several countries of various sizes and income levels, the PA-EPI good practice statements will evolve into benchmarks established by governments at the forefront of creating and implementing policies to address inactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine B Woods
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Liam Kelly
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Kevin Volf
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Peter Gelius
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Messing
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sarah Forberger
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Upstream Team, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolette R den Braver
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Upstream Team, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joanna Zukowska
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Enrique García Bengoechea
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Research and Innovation Unit, Sport Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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10
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Tcymbal A, Gelius P, Abu-Omar K, Messing S, Whiting S, Wickramasinghe K. Cross-country collaboration for physical activity promotion: experiences from the European Union Physical Activity Focal Points Network. Eur J Public Health 2022; 32:i14-i21. [PMID: 36031826 PMCID: PMC9421415 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An analysis of currently existing partnerships and cross-country collaboration for physical activity (PA) promotion is valuable for understanding how such partnerships operate, and how they impact national PA promotion efforts. This study aimed to outline the formation and development of the European Union’s (EU) Physical Activity Focal Points Network, to evaluate its outputs and benefits and to describe its potential and challenges. Methods A mixed methods approach were employed, including document analysis, semi-structured interviews with key officials and an online evaluation survey with the focal points. Results The network was founded in 2014. Its main task is to coordinate the national collection of information for the EU’s Health-Enhancing Physical Activity (HEPA) Monitoring Framework. Besides collecting data, focal points usually meet twice a year to share best practices and plan activities for the promotion of PA within the EU. The results of the evaluation survey show that participation in the network helped members specify goals for PA promotion, gain more knowledge regarding how to promote PA, identify more opportunities to promote PA in their country and to join a collaborative project with other countries. Conclusions The study shows that the EU Physical Activity Focal Points Network may serve as an example of successful cross-country collaboration in PA promotion. The network has been able to make a contribution to monitoring the implementation of the EU Council Recommendation on HEPA across sectors in particular and of PA promotion in the EU in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Tcymbal
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Gelius
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karim Abu-Omar
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Messing
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephen Whiting
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Moscow, Russian Federation.,EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Kremlin Wickramasinghe
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Moscow, Russian Federation
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11
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Johnson S, Vuillemin A, Lane A, Dowd K, Geidne S, Kokko S, Donaldson A, Seghers J, Whiting S, Van Hoye A. Development of the health promoting sports club-national audit tool. Eur J Public Health 2022; 32:i28-i37. [PMID: 36031823 PMCID: PMC9421409 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sports clubs have requested support from national governing authorities to invest in health promotion (HP), by developing policies, guidelines and dedicated funding. This article outlines the development of a national audit tool to review policies development and implementation to support HP in sports clubs. Methods A five-step process was undertaken by an international project team: (i) a rapid literature review to identify items assessing policies in physical activity, HP and sports, (ii) a thematic analysis to categorize items, (iii) a Delphi method to analyze item relevance, country specificity, reformulation, validation and organization, (iv) face validity through an online survey and in-depth interviews with expert representatives on physical activity and sports and (v) audit tool finalization though project team consensus. Results Eight sources were reviewed with 269 items identified. Items were coded into 25 categories with 3 broad themes: policies, actors and settings-based approach. The Delphi study extracted and refined 50 items and categorized them into 10 sections. After revisions from 22 surveys and 8 interviews, consensus was reached by the international project team on 41 items categorized into 11 sections: Role of ministry or department; Policies; Communication; Implementation and Dissemination; Evaluation and Measurement methods; Sub-national-level policies; Funding and Coordination; Participative approach; Actors and Stakeholders; National sporting events; Case studies and Implicated stakeholders. Conclusion To progress HP in the sports club context it is necessary to understand existing national-level policies. This national audit tool will aid in monitoring and assessing national policies for health promoting sports clubs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aoife Lane
- Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland
| | - Kieran Dowd
- Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Ireland
| | - Susanna Geidne
- School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Sami Kokko
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Alex Donaldson
- Centre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jan Seghers
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephen Whiting
- WHO European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Aurélie Van Hoye
- Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France.,Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, University of Limerick, Ireland
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12
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Schöttl SE, Schnitzer M, Savoia L, Kopp M. Physical Activity Behavior During and After COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders-A Longitudinal Study in the Austrian, German, and Italian Alps. Front Public Health 2022; 10:901763. [PMID: 35712287 PMCID: PMC9194442 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.901763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Alpine regions, which are very similar due to their topographical location and their wide-ranging sports offerings, the restrictions on sports activities during the COVID-19 pandemic differed in type and level: while in some regions (Tyrol, South Tyrol, Trentino), all sports activities were forbidden except for walking near the home, in other regions (Upper Bavaria, Vorarlberg), people were allowed to go hiking and running during the first lockdown. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the change in physical activity (PA) behavior in different Alpine regions (Upper Bavaria, Vorarlberg, Tyrol, South Tyrol, Trentino) over four periods in 2020, to examine the effects of COVID-19 measures of varying severity on PA behavior and to identify factors associated with a change in PA over time. Methods A retrospective online survey was conducted (N = 2975) from December 2020, to January 2021. Using the questionnaire of the Eurobarometer 472 study, PA behavior was measured over four periods: before COVID-19 (March), during the first lockdown (March and April), during the relaxed period (May-October) and during the second lockdown (November and December) in 2020. Results During the first (M = 5.0h, SD = 4.5) and the second lockdowns (M = 4.9h, SD = 4.3), the participants (age: 42 years, overly active in sports) engaged less in sports than before (M = 5.9h, SD = 4.8) and during the relaxed period in summer (M = 6.4h, SD = 5.0) (average number of hours per week being physically active). A larger percentage of participants from Alpine regions with severe restrictions (Tyrol, South Tyrol, Trentino) decreased their PA during the first lockdown as compared to participants from Upper Bavaria and Vorarlberg with a less strict first lockdown. Those with psychological distress, male participants, and individuals with decreased physical health and less free time during COVID-19 were more likely to reduce their PA. Conclusions Despite a short-term negative effect of COVID-19 restrictions on exercise participation during lockdowns, the majority of respondents returned to their original levels of PA during the relaxed COVID-19 phases. As a comparison of Alpine regions shows, particularly severe COVID-19 measures seem to have reduced PA with potential negative health effects. For the future, policy makers and sports organizations should collaborate to support the population in their PA behavior during pandemics to outweigh restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Schnitzer
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Laura Savoia
- Sports Observatory of the Autonomous Province of Bozen/Bolzano—South Tyrol, Bozen, Italy
| | - Martin Kopp
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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13
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Marzi I, Tcymbal A, Gelius P, Abu-Omar K, Reimers AK, Whiting S, Wickramasinghe K. Monitoring of physical activity promotion in children and adolescents in the EU: current status and future perspectives. Eur J Public Health 2022; 32:95-104. [PMID: 34791137 PMCID: PMC8807108 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Policy action is required to address physical inactivity in boys and girls. This action can be supported by international data collection, comparisons and sharing of good practices. Thus, this study aims to present and discuss the ongoing monitoring of physical activity (PA) indicators in children and adolescents in the 28 EU Member States. METHODS Data on PA recommendations, PA prevalence, physical education (PE) and PA promotion programs for children and adolescents were provided by governments in a joint EU/WHO survey on the implementation status of the EU Council Recommendation on Health-Enhancing Physical Activity (HEPA) across Sectors. RESULTS In 23 countries, national recommendations on PA are available. Detailed PA prevalence data among children and adolescents was available in 27 countries, in most cases separately for sex/gender and age groups. The total amount of PE lessons in schools differed greatly between countries and lessons were predominantly mandatory. After-school HEPA promotion programs were mostly implemented in EU Member States (78.6%), followed by active school breaks (57.1%), active travel to school (57.1%) and active breaks during school lessons (53.6%). CONCLUSIONS This study summarizes the monitoring of PA indicators among children and adolescents in all EU Member States by providing a comprehensive overview of the status of PA promotion and monitoring across the region. Based on our findings, it could be concluded that the current EU monitoring system on PA promotion should be adapted to provide evidence that can inform future policy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Marzi
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Antonina Tcymbal
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Gelius
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karim Abu-Omar
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anne K Reimers
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephen Whiting
- European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Regional Office for Europe, World Health Organization, Moscow, Russian Federation
- EPIUnit-Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Kremlin Wickramasinghe
- European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Regional Office for Europe, World Health Organization, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Development and Implementation Path of Kindergarten Stem Educational Activities Based on Data Mining. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:2700674. [PMID: 35126485 PMCID: PMC8808242 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2700674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Early childhood education in China has given stem education constant attention and study. On the one hand, it has introduced many foreign research findings on stem education, such as curriculum practice, evaluation systems, teacher training, and so on; on the other hand, this paper investigates the localization implementation path of stem education based on the realities of kindergartens. This paper investigates the development and implementation path of kindergarten stem education activities using data mining, analyzes how the kindergarten stem education monitoring index system is developed and further improved using data mining algorithm, and determines the function path and mode of data mining algorithm in kindergarten stem education. It is expected to be used as a reference in the development and implementation of stem education and teaching activities. The development and implementation path of kindergarten stem educational activities based on data mining algorithm using data technology to realize continuous audit can not only improve the audit means and scope but also provide new research ideas for the expansion and innovation of audit work, which is useful in building a path model of kindergarten stem educational activities development and implementation.
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