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Sagayaraj C, Kumar KB, Vimal S, Danya U. Assessment of Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activity Against Colon Cancer-HT-29: A Potent Therapeutic Medicinal Plant (Tarenna alpestris) in Megamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2025; 197:3382-3406. [PMID: 39946058 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-025-05193-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2025] [Indexed: 05/11/2025]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have long been recognized as a valuable source of human health due to their therapeutic potential in treating a variety of diseases. Tarenna alpestris, a plant native to the Megamalai Hills in the Western Ghats of India, has traditionally been used for numerous medicinal purposes. However, despite its extensive use in folklore, scientific validation of its therapeutic properties remains limited. This study aims to evaluate the phytochemical composition of Tarenna alpestris, assess its antioxidant properties, and explore its potential anticancer effects against HT-29 colon cancer cells. The phytochemical profile was determined using preliminary screening and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antioxidant activity was measured through DPPH, FRAP, H₂O₂, and N₂O₂ assays. The anticancer effects were investigated using the MTT assay for cell viability, AO/EtBr staining for apoptosis detection, DAPI staining for nuclear fragmentation analysis, and flow cytometry for cell cycle analysis. The phytochemical analysis identified several bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and phenolic acids. Sixteen phytocomponents were detected from the extract by GCMS analysis, the major compounds are 9-octadecynoic acid (21%), N-hexadecanoic acid (16%), methylene diamine, N,N'-diacetyl (15%), 1-allyl-cyclohexane-1,2-diol (11%) 2-methyl-6-methylene-octa-1,7-dien-3-ol (5%), squalene (4%), and lupeol (3%) respectively. The antioxidant assays demonstrated significant free radical scavenging activity, with IC50 values comparable to known antioxidant standards. The antioxidant enzymatic activity of Tarenna alpestris extract suggests a potent ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species and protect against oxidative damage. In vitro studies revealed that Tarenna alpestris extract significantly inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 colon cancer cells and induced apoptosis, based on concentration dependent manner. The concentration needed to inhibit 50% of cell growth, known as the IC50 value, was found to be 26 ± 0.20 μg/mL. Additionally, cell cycle analysis showed G0/G1 phase arrest in treated cells. Tarenna alpestris exhibits a robust phytochemical profile with substantial antioxidant and anticancer properties. These findings support its potential as a therapeutic agent for cancer prevention and treatment. Further research, including in vivo studies, is warranted to fully elucidate its therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnappan Sagayaraj
- Department of Botany, Nirmala College for Women, Tamil Nadu, Redfields, Coimbatore, 641018, India
| | - Kumar Bharath Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Tamil Nadu, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Sugumar Vimal
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Tamil Nadu, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Uthaman Danya
- Department of Botany, Nirmala College for Women, Tamil Nadu, Redfields, Coimbatore, 641018, India.
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Selvam K, Sudhakar C, Ragu Prasath A, Senbagam D, Almuhayawi MS, Alruhaili MH, Nagshabandi MK, Selim S. Anti-dengue Viral Protein NS5 and Antibacterial Efficacy of Andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata: An In Silico Approach. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2025:10.1007/s12010-025-05191-7. [PMID: 39969740 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-025-05191-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2025] [Indexed: 02/20/2025]
Abstract
The current study examines the anti-dengue and antibacterial potential and in silico drug development of the andrographolide against the pathogens Staphylococcus aureus (1JIJ) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6MVN) and the dengue viral protein NS5. The phytochemical analysis identified the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenols, glycosides, and steroids in the Andrographis paniculata methanolic leaf extract. Based on the GC-MS analysis, andrographolide was identified as the primary chemical constituent of the medicinal plant A. paniculata and the compound with the largest peak area among other compounds. The agar well diffusion method was employed to observe the antibacterial potential of the methanolic leaf extract against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The maximal inhibition zones were 15.6 ± 0.34 mm and 11.7 ± 0.42 mm, respectively. Additionally, andrographolide was docked with the NS5 viral protein and bacterial proteins, including S. aureus TyrRS (PDB: 1JIJ) and P. aeruginosa LasR PDB (ID: 6MVN), resulting in a docking score of - 20.7384 kJ/mol, - 15.0969 kJ/mol, and - 11.1171 kJ/mol, respectively. In summary, our molecular docking experiments with the identified andrographolide compound demonstrated its potential as a drug with anti-dengue viral and antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandasamy Selvam
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Tamil Nadu, Kalippatti, Namakkal, 637 501, India.
- Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600 077, India.
| | - Chinnappan Sudhakar
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Tamil Nadu, Kalippatti, Namakkal, 637 501, India.
| | - Arunagiri Ragu Prasath
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahendra Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Tamil Nadu, Kalippatti, Namakkal, 637 501, India
| | - Duraisamy Senbagam
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Kattankulathur, 603 203, India
| | - Mohammed S Almuhayawi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H Alruhaili
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed K Nagshabandi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, 72388, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.
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Wahaab A, Mustafa BE, Hameed M, Batool H, Tran Nguyen Minh H, Tawaab A, Shoaib A, Wei J, Rasgon JL. An Overview of Zika Virus and Zika Virus Induced Neuropathies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 26:47. [PMID: 39795906 PMCID: PMC11719530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2024] [Revised: 12/19/2024] [Accepted: 12/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2025] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses pose a major public health concern across the globe. Among them, Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging and reemerging arthropod-borne flavivirus that has become a major international public health problem following multiple large outbreaks over the past two decades. The majority of infections caused by ZIKV exhibit mild symptoms. However, the virus has been found to be associated with a variety of congenital neural abnormalities, including microcephaly in children and Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults. The exact prediction of the potential of ZIKV transmission is still enigmatic and underlines the significance of routine detection of the virus in suspected areas. ZIKV transmission from mother to fetus (including fetal abnormalities), viral presence in immune-privileged areas, and sexual transmission demonstrate the challenges in understanding the factors governing viral persistence and pathogenesis. This review illustrates the transmission patterns, epidemiology, control strategies (through vaccines, antivirals, and vectors), oncolytic aspects, molecular insights into neuro-immunopathogenesis, and other neuropathies caused by ZIKV. Additionally, we summarize in vivo and in vitro models that could provide an important platform to study ZIKV pathogenesis and the underlying governing cellular and molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Wahaab
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (A.W.); (H.T.N.M.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Bahar E Mustafa
- School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia;
- Sub Campus Toba Tek Singh, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 36050, Pakistan;
| | - Muddassar Hameed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, VA-MD Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA;
- Center for Zoonotic and Arthropod-Borne Pathogens, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hira Batool
- Chughtai Lab, Head Office, 7-Jail Road, Main Gulberg, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Hieu Tran Nguyen Minh
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (A.W.); (H.T.N.M.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Abdul Tawaab
- Sub Campus Toba Tek Singh, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 36050, Pakistan;
| | - Anam Shoaib
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA;
| | - Jianchao Wei
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China;
| | - Jason L. Rasgon
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (A.W.); (H.T.N.M.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Rajaganesh R, Murugan K. Anti-dengue potential and mosquitocidal effect of marine green algae-stabilized Mn-doped superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Mn-SPIONs): an eco-friendly approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:19575-19594. [PMID: 38363508 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Vector-borne diseases pose a significant public health challenge in economically disadvantaged nations. Malaria, dengue fever, chikungunya, Zika, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, and lymphatic filariasis are spread by mosquitoes. Consequently, the most effective method of preventing these diseases is to eliminate the mosquito population. Historically, the majority of control programs have depended on chemical pesticides, including organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, and pyrethroids. Synthetic insecticides used to eradicate pests have the potential to contaminate groundwater, surface water, beneficial soil organisms, and non-target species. Nanotechnology is an innovative technology that has the potential to be used in insect control with great precision. The goal of this study was to test the in vitro anti-dengue potential and mosquitocidal activity of Chaetomorpha aerea and C. aerea-synthesized Mn-doped superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (CA-Mn-SPIONs). The synthesis of CA-Mn-SPIONs using C. aerea extract was verified by the observable alteration in the colour of the reaction mixture, transitioning from a pale green colour to a brown. The study of UV-Vis spectra revealed absorbance peaks at approximately 290 nm, which can be attributed to the surface Plasmon resonance of the CA-Mn-SPIONs. The SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, vibrating sample magnetometry, and XRD analyses provided evidence that confirmed the presence of CA-Mn-SPIONs. In the present study, results revealed that C. aerea aqueous extract LC50 values against Ae. aegypti ranged from 222.942 (first instar larvae) to 349.877 ppm in bioassays (pupae). CA-Mn-SPIONs had LC50 ranging from 20.199 (first instar larvae) to 26.918 ppm (pupae). After treatment with 40 ppm CA-Mn-SPIONs and 500 ppm C. aerea extract in ovicidal tests, egg hatchability was lowered by 100%. Oviposition deterrence experiments showed that in Ae. aegypti, oviposition rates were lowered by more than 66% by 100 ppm of green algal extract and by more than 71% by 10 ppm of CA-Mn-SPIONs (oviposition activity index values were 0.50 and 0.55, respectively). Moreover, in vitro anti-dengue activity of CA-Mn-SPIONs has good anti-viral property against dengue viral cell lines. In addition, GC-MS analysis showed that 21 intriguing chemicals were discovered. Two significant phytoconstituents in the methanol extract of C. aerea include butanoic acid and palmitic acid. These two substances were examined using an in silico methodology against the NS5 methyltransferase protein and demonstrated good glide scores and binding affinities. Finally, we looked into the morphological damage and fluorescent emission of third instar Ae. aegypti larvae treated with CA-Mn-SPIONs. Fluorescent emission is consistent with ROS formation of CA-Mn-SPIONs against Ae. aegypti larvae. The present study determines that the key variables for the successful development of new insecticidal agents are rooted in the eco-compatibility and the provision of alternative tool for the pesticide manufacturing sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajapandian Rajaganesh
- Division of Medical Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kadarkarai Murugan
- Division of Medical Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
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Mondal A, Banerjee S, Chakraborty U, Das A, Debnath A, Majumdar R. Natural Plants in the Treatment of Renal Syndrome Caused by Viruses: Ethnopharmacology, Chemistry, and Clinical and Preclinical Studies. REFERENCE SERIES IN PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024:835-873. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12199-9_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2025]
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Mohanty SS, Sahoo CR, Paidesetty SK, Padhy RN. Role of phytocompounds as the potential anti-viral agent: an overview. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2311-2329. [PMID: 37160482 PMCID: PMC10169142 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02517-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Viral diseases are the most notorious infective agent(s) causing morbidity and mortality in every nook and corner for ages; viruses are active in host cells, and specific anti-virus medicines' developments remain uncanny. In this century of the biological era, human viruses act predominantly as versatile spreaders. The infection of the present COVID-19 virus is up in the air; blithely, the integument of medicinal chemistry approaches, particularly bioactive derived phytocompounds could be helpful to control those human viruses, recognized in the last 100 years. Indeed, natural products are being used for various therapeutic purposes. The major bioactive phytocompounds are chemically containing coumarin, thiosulfonate, steroid, polysaccharide, tannin, lignin, proanthocyanidin, terpene, quinone, saponin, flavonoid, alkaloid, and polyphenol, that are documented for inhibitory action against several viral infections. Mostly, about 20-30% of plants from tropical or temperate regions are known to have some antiviral activity. This comprehensive analysis of bioactive-derived phytocompounds would represent a significant impact and might be helpful for antiviral research and the current state of viral treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sucharita Mohanty
- Department of Medical Oncology, IMS & Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003 Odisha India
| | - Chita Ranjan Sahoo
- Central Research Laboratory, IMS & Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003 Odisha India
- Present Address: Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, 751023 Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Paidesetty
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003 Odisha India
| | - Rabindra Nath Padhy
- Central Research Laboratory, IMS & Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003 Odisha India
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Priya SS, Vasantha-Srinivasan P, Altemimi AB, Keerthana R, Radhakrishnan N, Senthil-Nathan S, Kalaivani K, Chandrasekar N, Karthi S, Ganesan R, Alkanan ZT, Pal T, Verma OP, Proćków J. Bioactive Molecules Derived from Plants in Managing Dengue Vector Aedes aegypti (Linn.). Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052386. [PMID: 36903635 PMCID: PMC10005433 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes are the potential vectors of several viral diseases such as filariasis, malaria, dengue, yellow fever, Zika fever and encephalitis in humans as well as other species. Dengue, the most common mosquito-borne disease in humans caused by the dengue virus is transmitted by the vector Ae. aegypti. Fever, chills, nausea and neurological disorders are the frequent symptoms of Zika and dengue. Thanks to various anthropogenic activities such as deforestation, industrialized farming and poor drainage facilities there has been a significant rise in mosquitoes and vector-borne diseases. Control measures such as the destruction of mosquito breeding places, a reduction in global warming, as well as the use of natural and chemical repellents, mainly DEET, picaridin, temephos and IR-3535 have proven to be effective in many instances. Although potent, these chemicals cause swelling, rashes, and eye irritation in adults and children, and are also toxic to the skin and nervous system. Due to their shorter protection period and harmful nature towards non-target organisms, the use of chemical repellents is greatly reduced, and more research and development is taking place in the field of plant-derived repellents, which are found to be selective, biodegradable and harmless to non-target species. Many tribal and rural communities across the world have been using plant-based extracts since ancient times for various traditional and medical purposes, and to ward off mosquitoes and various other insects. In this regard, new species of plants are being identified through ethnobotanical surveys and tested for their repellency against Ae. aegypti. This review aims to provide insight into many such plant extracts, essential oils and their metabolites, which have been tested for their mosquitocidal activity against different life cycle forms of Ae. Aegypti, as well as for their efficacy in controlling mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Shanmuga Priya
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Peter’s Institute of Higher Education Research, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical 17 and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 602105, India
| | - Ammar B. Altemimi
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq
- College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala 56001, Iraq
| | - Ramji Keerthana
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bangalore 560059, India
| | - Narayanaswamy Radhakrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 602105, India
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Bio-Pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for 14 Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, 15, Tirunelveli 627412, India
- Correspondence: (S.S.-N.); (J.P.)
| | - Kandasamy Kalaivani
- Post Graduate and Research Centre, Department of Zoology, Sri Parasakthi College for Women, Courtrallam 627802, India
| | | | - Sengodan Karthi
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40503, USA
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Zina T. Alkanan
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq
| | - Tarun Pal
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur 522213, India
| | - Om Prakash Verma
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (S.S.-N.); (J.P.)
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The Current Landscape of Bioactive Molecules against DENV: A Systematic Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:2236210. [PMID: 36818227 PMCID: PMC9937760 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2236210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
With a 30-fold increase in incidence over the previous 50 years, dengue fever is now the most widespread viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes in the world. The intricate interaction of the human defense system, hereditary predisposition, and specific bitterness elements is more likely to be the pathogenesis of dengue. There are presently no viable treatments for dengue. Synthetic drugs which are used against this ailment also show major side effects. There must be a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanism generating severe symptoms to develop auguring markers, cutting-edge diagnostics, and treatments and finally a well-rounded and secure antiserum. Hence, the aim is to search for safer and more potent drugs derived from plants. Plants or herbs are mainly targeting replication or its enzyme or specific stereotypes, though an exact mechanism of phytoconstituents interfering with the viral replication is still undiscovered. The present attempt provided the update with the objective to bringing up forward pathophysiological eventualities involved in dengue virus along with the naturally derived treatment relevant to provide the impregnable therapy by evading the noxious symptoms for dengue fever. Governor's plum, Cryptocarya chartacea, magnolia berry, and Chinese ginger are such plants exhibiting many effective phytoconstituents against DENV and can be further explored for novel drug discovery by medicinal scientists.
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Larvicidal activity of plant extracts from Colombian North Coast against Aedes aegypti L. mosquito larvae. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) natural antiviral inhibitors: a review. Med Chem Res 2022; 31:2089-2102. [PMID: 36193545 PMCID: PMC9520115 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Viral diseases are the cause of many global epidemics, leading to deaths, affecting the quality of life of populations, and impairing public health. The limitations in the treatment of viral diseases and the constant resistance to conventional antiviral treatments encourage researchers to discover new compounds. In this perspective, this literature review presents isolated molecules and extracts of natural products capable of inhibiting the activity of the nonstructural protein that acts as the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The literature review presented natural compounds with the potential to be tested as alternative medicines or used in the development of synthetic drugs to prevent the replication of RNA viruses, such as COVID-19, hepatitis C, and dengue viruses, among others. Natural products are known to exhibit remarkable activities in mitigation of different viral diseases, in addition, they help to decrease the aggravation of infections. Consequently, reducing hospitalization time and deaths.
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In Silico Elucidation of Potent Inhibitors from Natural Products for Nonstructural Proteins of Dengue Virus. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5398239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been used from the beginning of human civilization against various health complications. Dengue virus (DENV) has emerged as one of the most widespread viruses in tropical and subtropical countries. Yet no clinically approved antiviral drug is available to combat DENV infection. Consequently, the search for novel antidengue agents from medicinal plants has assumed more insistence than in previous days. This study has focused on 31 potential antidengue molecules from secondary metabolites to examine their inhibitory activity against DENV nonstructural proteins through molecular docking and pharmacokinetics studies. In this research, the wet lab experiments were tested on a computational platform. Agathisflavone and pectolinarin are the top-scored inhibitors of DENV NS2B/NS3 protease and NS5 polymerase, respectively. Epigallocatechin gallate, Pinostrobin, Panduratin A, and Pectolinarin could be potential lead compounds against NS2B/NS3 protease, while acacetin-7-O-rutinoside against NS5 polymerase. Moreover, agathisflavone (LD50= 1430 mg/kg) and pectolinarin (LD50= 5000 mg/kg) exhibited less toxicity than nelfinavir (LD50= 600 mg/kg) and balapiravir (LD50 = 824 mg/kg), and the reference drugs. Further research on clinical trials is required to analyze the therapeutic efficacy of these metabolites to develop new potential drug candidates against different serotypes of DENV.
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Thao TTP, Co NQ, Anh HN, Luu NT, Hau VTB, Thuy NTT, Van Chien T, Anh NT, Bui TQ, Cuong TD, Quy PT, Triet NT, Van Sung T, Nhung NTA. Anti-Dengue Screening on Several Vietnamese Medicinal Plants: Experimental Evidences and Computational Analyses. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202101026. [PMID: 35698444 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202101026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, medicinal plants have been known for economic and geographical advantages, thus possibly holding potentiality against dengue hemorrhagic fever. The methanol/water extracts from different parts of fourteen Vietnam-based plant species were subjected for experimental screening on anti-dengue activity using baby hamster kidney cells (BHK21) and plaque reduction neutralisation test (PRNT). Firstly, the methanol/water extracts were tested against serotype dengue virus DENV-1. Seven out from nineteen extracts show the PRNT50 values less than 31.25 μg/mL. Four of the above extracts namely from Euphorbia hirta, Cordyline terminalis, Carica papaya, and Elaeagnus latifolia were chosen for testing against the serotype DENV-2. All of them exhibit good activity with the PRNT50 values less than 31.25 μg/ml, which were further fractionated to obtain hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions. Anti-dengue virus activity of the fractions against four serotypes DENV-1, -2, -3 and -4 was evaluated. As results, the ethyl acetate fraction of Elaeagnus latifolia is highly active against all four serotype viruses. The structural formulae of its nine constituents were input for molecular docking simulation. The docking-based order for static inhibitability is 6-3L6P>7-3L6P>9-3L6P>2-3L6P>3-3L6P≈5-3L6P>9-3L6P>1-3L6P>8-3L6P; QSARIS-based analysis reveals the biocompatibility of the most promising ligands (4-7); ADMET-based analysis expects their pharmacological suitability. Exceptional finding on 2-3LKW hydrophilic interaction at Lys43 (with the associated Gibbs free energy of -10.3 kcal mol-1 ) raises an open explanation for inhibitory effects. The results encourage further investigations for more in-depth mechanisms and drug development, such as in vitro enzyme assays or in vitro clinical trials with natural substances from E. latifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Thi Phuong Thao
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Quang Co
- Institute of Biotechnology, Hue University, Hue City, 530000, Vietnam
| | - Ho Ngoc Anh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Luu
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Vu Thi Bich Hau
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin street, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1 Yersin street, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Tran Van Chien
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen The Anh
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Q Bui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sciences, Hue University, Hue, 530000, Vietnam
| | - To Dao Cuong
- Phenikaa University Nano Institute (PHENA), Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia, Ha Dong District, Hanoi, 12116, Vietnam
| | - Phan Tu Quy
- Department of Natural Sciences & Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, 630000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Triet
- Faculty of Traditional Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tran Van Sung
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Ai Nhung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sciences, Hue University, Hue, 530000, Vietnam
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13
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Dhiman M, Sharma L, Dadhich A, Dhawan P, Sharma MM. Traditional Knowledge to Contemporary Medication in the Treatment of Infectious Disease Dengue: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:750494. [PMID: 35359838 PMCID: PMC8963989 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.750494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue has become a worldwide affliction despite incessant efforts to search for a cure for this long-lived disease. Optimistic consequences for dengue vaccine are implausible as the efficiency is tied to previous dengue virus (DENV) exposure and a very high cost is required for large-scale production of vaccine. Medicinal plants are idyllic substitutes to fight DENV infection since they constitute important components of traditional medicine and show antiviral properties, although the mechanism behind the action of bioactive compounds to obstruct viral replication is less explored and yet to be discovered. This review includes the existing traditional knowledge on how DENV infects and multiplies in the host cells, conscripting different medicinal plants that obtained bioactive compounds with anti-dengue properties, and the probable mechanism on how bioactive compounds modulate the host immune system during DENV infection. Moreover, different plant species having such bioactive compounds reported for anti-DENV efficiency should be validated scientifically via different in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Dhiman
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| | - Lakshika Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| | - Abhishek Dadhich
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| | | | - M. M. Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
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14
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Phytoconstituents as Lead Compounds for Anti-Dengue Drug Discovery. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1322:159-193. [PMID: 34258741 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-0267-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is an arthropod-borne viral disease common in subtropical and tropical regions. The widespread use of traditional medicines in these regions for dengue fever (DF) has encouraged researchers to explore the therapeutic effect of herbs and their phytochemicals in dengue infection. Phytochemicals such as quercetin, baicalein, luteolin, oxindole alkaloids, celastrol and geraniin have shown significant inhibition of dengue virus in vitro. Many phytoconstituents have better selectivity index supporting their safety profile for future development. However, in vivo studies supporting therapeutic potency for these active phytoconstituents are limited. There is a need for studies translating anti-dengue profile of active phytoconstituents to find successful anti-dengue compounds.
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15
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Lim SYM, Chieng JY, Pan Y. Recent insights on anti-dengue virus (DENV) medicinal plants: review on in vitro, in vivo and in silico discoveries. ALL LIFE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2020.1856192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sharoen Yu Ming Lim
- Division of Biomedical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | | | - Yan Pan
- Division of Biomedical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
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16
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Ali F, Chorsiya A, Anjum V, Khasimbi S, Ali A. A systematic review on phytochemicals for the treatment of dengue. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1782-1816. [PMID: 33118251 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dengue fever is prevalent in subtopic regions, producing mortality and morbidity worldwide, which have been of major concern to different governments and World Health Organization. The search of new anti-dengue agents from phytochemicals was assumed to be highly emergent in past. The phytochemicals have been used in wide distribution of vector ailments such as malaria. The demand of the phytochemicals is based on the medicines which are mostly considered to be safer, less harmful than synthetic drugs and nontoxic. This review mentions majorly about the phytochemicals potentially inhibiting dengue fever around the world. The phytochemicals have been isolated from different species, have potential for the treatment of dengue. Different crude extracts and essential oils obtained from different species showed a broad activity against different phytochemicals. The current studies showed that natural products represent a rich source of medicines toward the dengue fever. Furthermore, ethnobotanical surveys and laboratory investigation established identified natural plants species in the development of drug discovery to control the dengue fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraat Ali
- Department of Inspection and Licensing, Laboratory Services, Botswana Medicines Regulatory Authority, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Anushma Chorsiya
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Varisha Anjum
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Shaik Khasimbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), New Delhi, India
| | - Asad Ali
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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17
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Bhuiyan FR, Howlader S, Raihan T, Hasan M. Plants Metabolites: Possibility of Natural Therapeutics Against the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:444. [PMID: 32850918 PMCID: PMC7427128 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, a disease induced by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2), has been the cause of a worldwide pandemic. Though extensive research works have been reported in recent days on the development of effective therapeutics against this global health crisis, there is still no approved therapy against SARS-CoV-2. In the present study, plant-synthesized secondary metabolites (PSMs) have been prioritized to make a review focusing on the efficacy of plant-originated therapeutics for the treatment of COVID-19. Plant metabolites are a source of countless medicinal compounds, while the diversity of multidimensional chemical structures has made them superior to treat serious diseases. Some have already been reported as promising alternative medicines and lead compounds for drug repurposing and discovery. The versatility of secondary metabolites may provide novel antibiotics to tackle MDR (Multi-Drug Resistant) microbes too. This review attempted to find out plant metabolites that have the therapeutic potential to treat a wide range of viral pathogens. The study includes the search of remedies belonging to plant families, susceptible viral candidates, antiviral assays, and the mode of therapeutic action; this attempt resulted in the collection of an enormous number of natural therapeutics that might be suggested for the treatment of COVID-19. About 219 plants from 83 families were found to have antiviral activity. Among them, 149 plants from 71 families were screened for the identification of the major plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) that might be effective for this pandemic. Our investigation revealed that the proposed plant metabolites can serve as potential anti- SARS-CoV-2 lead molecules for further optimization and drug development processes to combat COVID-19 and future pandemics caused by viruses. This review will stimulate further analysis by the scientific community and boost antiviral plant-based research followed by novel drug designing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Rumzum Bhuiyan
- Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Sabbir Howlader
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Topu Raihan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and Industrial Biotechnology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
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