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Häsler Gunnarsdottir S, Sommerauer L, Schnabel T, Oostingh GJ, Schuster A. Antioxidative and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Bark Extracts from Common European Trees in Light of Dermal Applications. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12010130. [PMID: 36671331 PMCID: PMC9854852 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant species have developed effective defense strategies for colonizing diverse habitats and protecting themselves from numerous attacks from a wide range of organisms, including insects, vertebrates, fungi, and bacteria. The bark of trees in particular constitutes a number of components that protect against unwanted intruders. This review focuses on the antioxidative, dermal immunomodulatory, and antimicrobial properties of bark extracts from European common temperate trees in light of various skin pathogens, wound healing, and the maintenance of skin health. The sustainability aspect, achieved by utilizing the bark, which is considered a byproduct in the forest industry, is addressed, as are various extraction methods applied to retrieve extracts from bark.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lukas Sommerauer
- Department of Forest Products Technology & Timber Constructions, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Markt 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria
- Salzburg Center for Smart Materials, c/o Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Straße 2a, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, Institute of Physics and Materials Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Schnabel
- Department of Forest Products Technology & Timber Constructions, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Markt 136a, 5431 Kuchl, Austria
- Faculty of Furniture Design and Wood Engineering, Transilvania University of Brasov, B-dul. Eroilor nr. 29, 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Gertie Janneke Oostingh
- Biomedical Sciences, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Urstein Sued 1, 5412 Puch, Austria
| | - Anja Schuster
- Biomedical Sciences, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Urstein Sued 1, 5412 Puch, Austria
- Correspondence:
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Tsintzas D, Mahesh S, Vithoulkas G. Individualized Treatment of Bone Marrow Edema of the Knee With the Aid of Classical Homeopathy: A Report of 2 Cases. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CASE REPORTS 2020; 13:1179547620904896. [PMID: 32110129 PMCID: PMC7016301 DOI: 10.1177/1179547620904896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow edema lesions around the knee are a common magnetic resonance image finding. They constitute a central component of a wide variety of inflammatory and noninflammatory conditions affecting the knee joint. Those lesions are not only a significant source of pain, but are also connected to many musculoskeletal pathologies. CASE REPORT We describe 2 cases of bone marrow edema of the knee joint treated with the aid of Classical Homeopathy. In both of the cases, Arnica montana was the chosen homeopathic remedy. CONCLUSIONS The results of the treatment are promising, encouraging for more research on this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionysis Tsintzas
- Amfilochia Rehabilitation Center, General Hospital of Aitoloakarnania, Agrinion, Greece
| | - Seema Mahesh
- Centre for Classical Homeopathy, Bangalore, India
| | - George Vithoulkas
- University of the Aegean, Lesbos, Greece
- International Academy of Classical Homeopathy Alonissos, Northern Sporades, Greece
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Sarkar A, Carvalho E, D'souza AA, Banerjee R. Liposome-encapsulated fish oil protein-tagged gold nanoparticles for intra-articular therapy in osteoarthritis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:871-887. [PMID: 30895865 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To provide multilayered combination therapies encompassing nanoparticles and organic peptides and to assess their efficacy in the treatment of arthritis. MATERIALS & METHODS Fish oil protein (FP) was isolated from fish oil glands and tagged with spherical gold nanoparticles (GNPs). Tagged GNPs were encapsulated in DPPC liposomes (FP-GNP-DPPC) and characterized. RESULTS & CONCLUSION FP increased the hydrophilicity of GNP, while encapsulation of FP-GNP within liposomes increased the hydrophobicity. In vitro release studies of FP-GNP-DPPC exhibited sustained release of FP in simulated synovial fluid. FP-GNP-DPPC injected into intra-articular joints of rats displayed anti-osteoarthritic effects in osteoarthritic rat model. This is the first study to report the anti-osteoarthritic activity of FP and DPPC encapsulated FP-GNP liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Sarkar
- Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3615 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edmund Carvalho
- Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India.,Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anisha A D'souza
- Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India
| | - Rinti Banerjee
- Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India
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Nakano Y, Nasu M, Kano M, Kameoka H, Okuyama T, Nishizawa M, Ikeya Y. Lignans from guaiac resin decrease nitric oxide production in interleukin 1β-treated hepatocytes. J Nat Med 2016; 71:190-197. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-016-1048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Mayer J, Williams RJ, Oppenheimer VA, He B, Tuckfield C, Koslowski E, Gogal RM. The immunomodulatory effects of a commercial antiviral homeopathic compound in C57BL/6 mice, pre and post vaccine challenge. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 39:389-396. [PMID: 27551985 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Homeopathic remedies have been selectively employed in human medicine since Hahneman introduced the concept in 1828. While the use of homeopathy is regionally popular in both human and veterinary medicine, there is still a significant lack of scientific evidence supporting its efficacy. This is likely due to an absence of studies evaluating the mechanism of action of these compounds. Engystol® an FDA-approved antiviral agent, is a popular homeopathic commercial product. In select in vivo and in vitro observational studies, the drug showed a measureable innate immune therapeutic efficacy. The focus of the present study was to evaluate the innate and adaptive immunomodulatory effects of oral Engystol(®) (1 or 10 tablets/L water consumed), prior to and post antigenic challenge in a mouse model with a well-characterized and clinically measureable immune system. We first evaluated the murine immune response when oral Engystol(®) was given alone for 28days. Mice were then challenged with an antigen-specific H5N1 HA vaccine while on Engystol(®) for an additional 33days. Serum and supernatants from cultured splenic lymphocytes were collected and screened with a 32-cytokine panel. Serum vaccine epitope-specific IgG titers plus T cell and B cell phenotypes from splenic tissue were also evaluated. Preliminary results showed that Engystol(®) alone did not alter immunity; however, upon vaccine challenge, Engystol(®) decreased CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratios, altered select cytokines/chemokines, and anti-H5N1 HA IgG titers were increased in the 10 tablet/L group. Collectively, these data suggest that Engystol(®) can modulate immunity upon antigenic challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Mayer
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 DW Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Robert J Williams
- Department of Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 DW Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Victor A Oppenheimer
- Department of Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 DW Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Biao He
- Department of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 DW Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Cary Tuckfield
- ECOSTATys LLC, 105 Highland Forest Dr. Aiken, SC 29803, USA
| | | | - Robert M Gogal
- Department of Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 501 DW Brooks Drive, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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Bonamin LV, Cardoso TN, Cunha de Carvalho A, Amaral JG. The use of animal models in homeopathic research – a review of 2010–2014 PubMed indexed papers. HOMEOPATHY 2015; 104:283-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.homp.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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