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Zhao M, Wang L, Wang X, He J, Yu K, Li D. Non-neoplastic cells as prognostic biomarkers in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A system review and meta-analysis. TUMORI JOURNAL 2024; 110:227-240. [PMID: 38183180 DOI: 10.1177/03008916231221636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The microenvironment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is composed of various components, including immune cells and immune checkpoints, some of which have been correlated with the prognosis of DLBCL, but their results remain controversial. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between the microenvironment and prognosis in DLBCL. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE for relevant articles between 2001 and 2022. Twenty-five studies involving 4495 patients with DLBCL were included in the analysis. This meta-analysis confirmed that high densities of Foxp3+Tregs and PD-1+T cells are good indicators for overall survival (OS) in DLBCL, while high densities of programmed cell death protein ligand1(PD-L1)-positive expression cells and T-cell immunoglobulin-and mucin domain-3-containing molecule 3 (TIM-3)-positive expression tumor-infiltrating cells (TILs) play a contrary role in OS. Additionally, higher numbers of T-cell intracytoplasmic antigen-1(TIA-1)-positive expression T cells imply better OS and progression-free survival (PFS), while high numbers of lymphocyte activation gene(LAG)-positive expression TILs predict bad OS and PFS. Various non-tumoral cells in the microenvironment play important roles in the prognosis of DLBCL.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/immunology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/mortality
- Prognosis
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan He
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kuai Yu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pathology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Lin M, Ma S, Sun L, Qin Z. The prognostic value of tumor-associated macrophages detected by immunostaining in diffuse large B cell lymphoma: A meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1094400. [PMID: 36741724 PMCID: PMC9895774 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1094400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prognostic implication of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the microenvironment of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains controversial. Methods A systematic and comprehensive search of relevant studies was performed in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases. The quality of the included studies was estimated using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results Twenty-three studies containing a total of 2992 DLBCL patients were involved in this study. They were all high-quality studies scoring ≥ 6 points. High density of M2 TAMs in tumor microenvironment significantly associated with both advanced disease stage (OR= 1.937, 95% CI: 1.256-2.988, P = 0.003) and unfavorable overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.750, 95% CI: 1.188-2.579, P = 0.005) but not associated with poor progression free survival (PFS) (HR = 1.672, 95% CI: 0.864-3.237, P = 0.127) and international prognostic index (IPI) (OR= 1.705, 95% CI: 0.843-3.449, P = 0.138) in DLBCL patients. No significant correlation was observed between the density of CD68+ TAMs and disease stage (OR= 1.433, 95% CI: 0.656-3.130, P = 0.366), IPI (OR= 1.391, 95% CI: 0.573-3.379, P = 0.466), OS (HR=0.929, 95% CI: 0.607-1.422, P = 0.734) or PFS (HR= 0.756, 95% CI: 0.415-1.379, P = 0.362) in DLBCL patients. Conclusion This meta-analysis demonstrated that high density of M2 TAMs in the tumor microenvironment was a robust predictor of adverse outcome for DLBCL patients. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42022343045.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Lin
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shupei Ma
- Department of Hematology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lingling Sun
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- Department of Pathology, People Hospital of Changzhi, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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Macrophage Infiltration Correlates with Genomic Instability in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030579. [PMID: 35327381 PMCID: PMC8945507 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a biologically diverse group of lymphoid tumors, which accounts for 1% of all de novo neoplasms in the world’s population. It is divided into two main groups: the more common classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and the less common nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL). cHL is further divided into four subtypes, which differ in morphology and the contents of tumor microenvironment. Macrophages are one of the components of tumor microenvironment known to contribute to creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment, which inhibits the activity of cells expressing granzyme B against tumor cells, even when tumor cells are infected with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Our research aimed to explore the association between the specific contents of tumor microenvironment and the genetic anomalies in tumor cells. The presence and the relative percentage of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and macrophages was detected by immunohistochemical staining of the antigens specific for certain cell populations. Fluorescent in situ hybridization was used to detect anomalies in the genome of tumor cells and in situ hybridization was used to detect the presence of EBV. Our results show an association between the number of CD163+ macrophages and the number of TP53 copies or BCL6 gene translocation. Patients who had a higher number of CD163+ macrophages infiltrating tumor tissue and three or higher number of copies of TP53 showed poorer survival. We conclude that the presence of macrophages may contribute to genetic instability in cHL, which drives the progression of cHL and decreases survival of the patients.
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Alam M, Ali S, Ahmed S, Elasbali AM, Adnan M, Islam A, Hassan MI, Yadav DK. Therapeutic Potential of Ursolic Acid in Cancer and Diabetic Neuropathy Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12162. [PMID: 34830043 PMCID: PMC8621142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid frequently found in medicinal herbs and plants, having numerous pharmacological effects. UA and its analogs treat multiple diseases, including cancer, diabetic neuropathy, and inflammatory diseases. UA inhibits cancer proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, and induced cell death, scavenging free radicals and triggering numerous anti- and pro-apoptotic proteins. The biochemistry of UA has been examined broadly based on the literature, with alterations frequently having been prepared on positions C-3 (hydroxyl), C12-C13 (double bonds), and C-28 (carboxylic acid), leading to several UA derivatives with increased potency, bioavailability and water solubility. UA could be used as a protective agent to counter neural dysfunction via anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It is a potential therapeutic drug implicated in the treatment of cancer and diabetic complications diseases provide novel machinery to the anti-inflammatory properties of UA. The pharmacological efficiency of UA is exhibited by the therapeutic theory of one-drug → several targets → one/multiple diseases. Hence, UA shows promising therapeutic potential for cancer and diabetic neuropathy diseases. This review aims to discuss mechanistic insights into promising beneficial effects of UA. We further explained the pharmacological aspects, clinical trials, and potential limitations of UA for the management of cancer and diabetic neuropathy diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzar Alam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.I.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Sabeeha Ali
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.I.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Sarfraz Ahmed
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India;
| | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakaka P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.I.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.A.); (S.A.); (A.I.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21924, Korea
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5
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Jalali S, Ansell SM. Role of the Bone Marrow Niche in Supporting the Pathogenesis of Lymphoid Malignancies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:692320. [PMID: 34395425 PMCID: PMC8355623 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.692320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
While the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment is the primary location for nurturing the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells and developing the blood cells of either myeloid or lymphoid origin under normal physiological conditions, it could provide a supportive milieu for the proliferation of blood cancer cells. In fact, the multiple and complex direct cell-to-cell or indirect soluble factors-mediated interactions taking place among the BM cells of different origins are shown to play a significant role in tumorigenesis of hematological cancers. In the current review, we focus on lymphoid malignancies and highlight the novel insights surrounding the role of both cellular as well as non-cellular BM compartments in modulating hematopoiesis and promoting growth and proliferation of cancer cells across a variety of aggressive and indolent lymphoid malignancies, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia. We also discuss the mechanisms of potential intervention and discuss their therapeutic impact in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Jalali
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Stephen M Ansell
- Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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6
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Feng P, Li H, Pei J, Huang Y, Li G. Identification of a 14-Gene Prognostic Signature for Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). Front Genet 2021; 12:625414. [PMID: 33643388 PMCID: PMC7902938 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.625414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Although immunotherapy is a potential strategy to resist cancers, due to the inadequate acknowledge, this treatment is not always effective for diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. Based on the current situation, it is critical to systematically investigate the immune pattern. According to the result of univariate and multivariate cox proportional hazards, LASSO regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis on immune-related genes (IRGs), a prognostic signature, containing 14 IRGs (AQP9, LMBR1L, FGF20, TANK, CRP, ORM1, JAK1, BACH2, MTCP1, IFITM1, TNFSF10, FGF12, RFX5, and LAP3), was built. This model was validated by external data, and performed well. DLBCL patients were divided into low- and high-risk groups, according to risk scores from risk formula. The results of CIBERSORT showed that different immune status and infiltration pattern were observed in these two groups. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated 12 signaling pathways were significantly enriched in the high-risk group, such as natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and so on. In summary, 14 clinically significant IRGs were screened to build a risk score formula. This formula was an accurate tool to provide a certain basis for the treatment of DLBCL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Feng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Changzhi Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhi, China
| | - Jinhong Pei
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Guixia Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
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7
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Tamma R, Ingravallo G, Gaudio F, Annese T, Albano F, Ruggieri S, Dicataldo M, Maiorano E, Specchia G, Ribatti D. STAT3, tumor microenvironment, and microvessel density in diffuse large B cell lymphomas. Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 61:567-574. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1678154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Tamma
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences, and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Department of Emergency and Transplantation, Pathology Section, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Gaudio
- Department of Emergency and Transplantation, Hematology Section, University of Bari Medical School, Italy
| | - Tiziana Annese
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences, and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Albano
- Department of Emergency and Transplantation, Hematology Section, University of Bari Medical School, Italy
| | - Simona Ruggieri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences, and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Dicataldo
- Department of Emergency and Transplantation, Pathology Section, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Eugenio Maiorano
- Department of Emergency and Transplantation, Pathology Section, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgina Specchia
- Department of Emergency and Transplantation, Hematology Section, University of Bari Medical School, Italy
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences, and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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8
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Mulder TA, Wahlin BE, Österborg A, Palma M. Targeting the Immune Microenvironment in Lymphomas of B-Cell Origin: From Biology to Clinical Application. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070915. [PMID: 31261914 PMCID: PMC6678966 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In lymphomas of B-cell origin, cancer cells orchestrate an inflammatory microenvironment of immune and stromal cells that sustain the tumor cell survival and growth, known as a tumor microenvironment (TME). The features of the TME differ between the different lymphoma types, ranging from extremely inflammatory, such as in Hodgkin lymphoma, to anergic, leading to immune deficiency and susceptibility to infections, such as in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Understanding the characteristic features of the TME as well as the interactions between cancer and TME cells has given insight into the pathogenesis of most lymphomas and contributed to identify novel therapeutic targets. Here, we summarize the preclinical data that contributed to clarifying the role of the immune cells in the TME of different types of lymphomas of B-cell origin, and explain how the understanding of the biological background has led to new clinical applications. Moreover, we provide an overview of the clinical results of trials that assessed the safety and efficacy of drugs directly targeting TME immune cells in lymphoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom A Mulder
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn E Wahlin
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Österborg
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marzia Palma
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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9
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Poles WA, Nishi EE, de Oliveira MB, Eugênio AIP, de Andrade TA, Campos AHFM, de Campos RR, Vassallo J, Alves AC, Scapulatempo Neto C, Paes RAP, Landman G, Zerbini MCN, Colleoni GWB. Targeting the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages and modulating mir-155 expression might be a new approach to treat diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the elderly. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:269-282. [PMID: 30430204 PMCID: PMC11028330 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-2273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging immune deterioration and Epstein-Barr (EBV) intrinsic mechanisms play an essential role in EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the elderly (EBV + DLBCLe) pathogenesis, through the expression of viral proteins, interaction with host molecules and epigenetic regulation, such as miR-155, required for induction of M1 phenotype of macrophages. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between macrophage polarization pattern in the tumor microenvironment and relative expression of miR-155 in EBV + DLBCLe and EBV-negative DLBCL patients. We studied 28 EBV + DLBCLe and 65 EBV-negative DLBCL patients. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) were evaluated by expression of CD68, CD163 and CD163/CD68 ratio (degree of M2 polarization), using tissue microarray. RNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tumor samples for miR-155 relative expression study. We found a significantly higher CD163/CD68 ratio in EBV + DLBCLe compared to EBV-negative DLBCL. In EBV-negative DLBCL, CD163/CD68 ratio was higher among advanced-staged/high-tumor burden disease and overexpression of miR-155 was associated with decreased polarization to the M2 phenotype of macrophages. The opposite was observed in EBV + DLBCLe patients: we found a positive association between miR-155 relative expression and CD163/CD68 ratio, which was not significant after outlier exclusion. We believe that the higher CD163/CD68 ratio in this group is probably due to the presence of the EBV since it directly affects macrophage polarization towards M2 phenotype through cytokine secretion in the tumor microenvironment. Therapeutic strategies modulating miR-155 expression or preventing immuno-regulatory and pro-tumor macrophage polarization could be adjuvants in EBV + DLBCLe therapy since this entity has a rich infiltration of M2 macrophages in its tumor microenvironment.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/complications
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/immunology
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/virology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/immunology
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/physiology
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/complications
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/immunology
- Macrophage Activation/immunology
- Macrophages/classification
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/immunology
- Middle Aged
- Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagner A Poles
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Diogo de Faria, 824, 5° andar, Hemocentro, CEP 04037-002, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erika E Nishi
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana B de Oliveira
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Diogo de Faria, 824, 5° andar, Hemocentro, CEP 04037-002, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela I P Eugênio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Diogo de Faria, 824, 5° andar, Hemocentro, CEP 04037-002, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tathiana A de Andrade
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Diogo de Faria, 824, 5° andar, Hemocentro, CEP 04037-002, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ruy R de Campos
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Vassallo
- Department of Pathology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Alves
- Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gilles Landman
- Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gisele W B Colleoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Diogo de Faria, 824, 5° andar, Hemocentro, CEP 04037-002, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Lin Z, Chen B, Wu T, Xu X. Highly Tumorigenic Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Cells Are Produced by Coculture with Stromal Cells. Acta Haematol 2018; 139:201-216. [PMID: 29791894 DOI: 10.1159/000488385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is heterogeneous. We aimed to explore how tumor microenvironment promotes lymphoma cell aggressiveness and heterogeneity. METHODS We created a coculture system using human DLBCL cells and mouse bone marrow stromal cells. Proliferative capacity, drug resistance, clonogenicity, and tumorigenicity were compared in lymphoma cells from the coculture system and lymphoma cells cultured alone. Expression of Notch signaling associated genes was evaluated using real-time reverse transcriptase PCR and Western blot. RESULTS Lymphoma cells in the coculture system differentiated into a suspended cell group and an adherent cell group. They acquired a stronger proliferative capacity and drug resistance than lymphoma cells cultured alone, and differences existed between the adherent cell and suspended cell groups. The suspended cell group acquired the most powerful clonogenic and tumorigenic potential. However, Notch3 was exclusively expressed in the adherent lymphoma cell group and the use of N-[N-(3, 5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester, an inhibitor of Notch pathway, could abolish the emergence of highly aggressive lymphoma cells. CONCLUSION Highly tumorigenic lymphoma cells could be generated by coculture with stromal cells, and it was dependent on Notch3 expression in the adjacent lymphoma cells through interaction with stromal cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
- Coculture Techniques
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Mice
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Stromal Cells/metabolism
- Tumor Microenvironment
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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11
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Pham LV, Pogue E, Ford RJ. The Role of Macrophage/B-Cell Interactions in the Pathophysiology of B-Cell Lymphomas. Front Oncol 2018; 8:147. [PMID: 29868471 PMCID: PMC5951963 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages (MPs) are heterogeneous, multifunctional, myeloid-derived leukocytes that are part of the innate immune system, playing wide-ranging critical roles in basic biological activities, including maintenance of tissue homeostasis involving clearance of microbial pathogens. Tumor-associated MPs (TAMs) are MPs with defined specific M2 phenotypes now known to play central roles in the pathophysiology of a wide spectrum of malignant neoplasms. Also, TAMs are often intrinsic cellular components of the essential tumor microenvironment (TME). In concert with lymphoid-lineage B and T cells at various developmental stages, TAMs can mediate enhanced tumor progression, often leading to poor clinical prognosis, at least partly through secretion of chemokines, cytokines, and various active proteases shown to stimulate tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and immunosuppression. Researchers recently showed that TAMs express certain key checkpoint-associated proteins [e.g., programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)] that appear to be involved in T-cell activation and that these proteins are targets of other specific checkpoint-blocking immunotherapies (anti-PD-1/PD-L1) currently part of new therapeutic paradigms for chemotherapy-resistant neoplasms. Although much is known about the wide spectrum and flexibility of MPs under many normal and neoplastic conditions, relatively little is known about the increasingly important interactions between MPs and B-lymphoid cells, particularly in the TME in patients with aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL-B). Normal and neoplastic lymphoid and myeloid cell/MP lineages appear to share many primitive cellular characteristics as well as transcriptional factor interactions in human and animal ontogenic studies. Such cells are capable of ectopic transcription factor-induced lineage reprogramming or transdifferentiation from early myeloid/monocytic lineages to later induce B-cell lymphomagenesis in experimental in vivo murine systems. Close cellular interactions between endogenous clonal neoplastic B cells and related aberrant myeloid precursor cells/MPs appear to be important interactive components of aggressive NHL-B that we discuss herein in the larger context of the putative role of B-cell/MP cellular lineage interactions involved in NHL-B pathophysiology during ensuing lymphoma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan V Pham
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Elizabeth Pogue
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Richard J Ford
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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