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Wang YJ, Li SY, Zhao JY, Li K, Xu J, Xu XY, Wu WM, Yang R, Xiao Y, Ye MQ, Liu JP, Zhong YJ, Cao Y, Yi HY, Tian L. Clathrin-dependent endocytosis predominantly mediates protein absorption by fat body from the hemolymph in Bombyx mori. INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 27:675-686. [PMID: 30912872 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
During insect larval-pupal metamorphosis, proteins in the hemolymph are absorbed by the fat body for the maintenance of intracellular homeostasis; however, the type of proteins and how these proteins are internalized into the fat body are unclear. In Bombyx mori, the developmental profiles of total proteins in the hemolymph and fat body showed that hemolymph-decreased protein bands (55-100 kDa) were in accordance with those protein bands that increased in the fat body. Inhibition of clathrin-dependent endocytosis predominantly blocked the transportation of 55-100 kDa proteins from the hemolymph into the fat body, which was further verified by RNA interference treatment of Bmclathrin. Six hexamerins were shown to comprise ∼90% of the total identified proteins in both the hemolymph and fat body by mass spectrum (MS) analysis. In addition, hemolymph-specific proteins were mainly involved in material transportation, while fat body-specific proteins particularly participated in metabolism. In this paper, four hexamerins were found for the first time, and potential proteins absorbed by the fat body from the hemolymph through clathrin-dependent endocytosis were identified. This study sheds light on the protein absorption mechanism during insect metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Yan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Ye Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Ying Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Mei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- The Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute of the Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Qiang Ye
- The Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute of the Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Ping Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang-Jin Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Yu Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding / Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu W, Cai MJ, Wang JX, Zhao XF. In a nongenomic action, steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone induces phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 10 to promote gene transcription. Endocrinology 2014; 155:1738-50. [PMID: 24517229 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The insect steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) regulates gene transcription via a genomic pathway by forming a transcription complex that binds to DNA with the help of the chaperone proteins, heat shock proteins (Hsps) Hsc70 and Hsp90. However, the nongenomic mechanisms by which 20E regulates gene expression remain unclear. In this study, we found that 20E regulated the phosphorylation of serine/threonine protein kinase cyclin-dependent kinase 10 (CDK10) through a nongenomic pathway to mediate gene transcription in the lepidopteran Helicoverpa armigera. The down-regulation of CDK10 by RNA interference in larvae and the epidermal cell line delayed development and suppressed 20E-induced gene transcription. CDK10 was localized to the nucleus via its KKRR motif, and this nuclear localization and the ATPase motif were necessary for the efficient expression of the 20E-inducible gene. The rapid phosphorylation of CDK10 was induced by 20E, whereas it was repressed by the inhibitors of G-protein-coupled receptors, phospholipase C, and Ca²⁺ channels. Phosphorylated CDK10 exhibited increased interactions with Hsps Hsc70 and Hsp90 and then promoted the interactions between Hsps and ecdysone receptor EcRB1 and the binding of the Hsps-EcRB1 complex to the 20E response element for the regulation of gene transcription. CDK10 depletion suppressed the formation of the Hsps-EcRB1 complex at the hormone receptor 3 promoter. These results suggest that 20E induces CDK10 phosphorylation via a nongenomic pathway to regulate gene transcription in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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Dong DJ, Liu W, Cai MJ, Wang JX, Zhao XF. Steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone regulation of the very-high-density lipoprotein (VHDL) receptor phosphorylation for VHDL uptake. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 43:328-335. [PMID: 23416133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
During the metamorphic stage of holometabolous insects, the biosynthetic precursors needed for the synthesis of a large number of adult proteins are acquired from the selective absorption of storage proteins. The very-high-density lipoprotein (VHDL), a non-hexameric storage protein, is consumed by the fat body from the hemolymph through VHDL receptor (VHDL-R)-mediated endocytosis. However, the mechanism of the uptake of VHDL by a VHDL-R remains unclear. In this study, a VHDL-R from Helicoverpa armigera was found to be involved in 20E-regulated VHDL uptake through the regulation of steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). The transcripts of VHDL-R were detected mainly in the fat body and integument during the wandering stage. The transcription of VHDL-R was upregulated by 20E through the ecdysteroid receptor (EcRB1) and Ultraspiracle (USP1). In addition, 20E stimulates the phosphorylation of VHDL-R through protein kinase C for ligand binding. VHDL-R knockdown in larvae results the inhibition of development to adulthood. These data imply that 20E regulates VHDL-R on both transcriptional and posttranslational levels for VHDL absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du-Juan Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100 Shandong, China
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Hunt JH, Mutti NS, Havukainen H, Henshaw MT, Amdam GV. Development of an RNA interference tool, characterization of its target, and an ecological test of caste differentiation in the eusocial wasp polistes. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26641. [PMID: 22069460 PMCID: PMC3206021 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in genomics provide new tools for evolutionary ecological research. The paper wasp genus Polistes is a model for social insect evolution and behavioral ecology. We developed RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated gene silencing to explore proposed connections between expression of hexameric storage proteins and worker vs. gyne (potential future foundress) castes in naturally-founded colonies of P. metricus. We extended four fragments of putative hexamerin-encoding P. metricus transcripts acquired from a previous study and fully sequenced a gene that encodes Hexamerin 2, one of two proposed hexameric storage proteins of P. metricus. MALDI-TOF/TOF, LC-MSMS, deglycosylation, and detection of phosphorylation assays showed that the two putative hexamerins diverge in peptide sequence and biochemistry. We targeted the hexamerin 2 gene in 5(th) (last)-instar larvae by feeding RNAi-inducing double-stranded hexamerin 2 RNA directly to larvae in naturally-founded colonies in the field. Larval development and adult traits were not significantly altered in hexamerin 2 knockdowns, but there were suggestive trends toward increased developmental time and less developed ovaries, which are gyne characteristics. By demonstrating how data acquisition from 454/Roche pyrosequencing can be combined with biochemical and proteomics assays and how RNAi can be deployed successfully in field experiments on Polistes, our results pave the way for functional genomic research that can contribute significantly to learning the interactions of environment, development, and the roles they play in paper wasp evolution and behavioral ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H Hunt
- Departments of Biology and Entomology and W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.
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Damara M, Gullipalli D, Dutta-Gupta A. Cloning and expression of fat body hexamerin receptor and its identification in other hexamerin sequestering tissue of rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2010; 56:1071-1077. [PMID: 20230828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2010.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2009] [Revised: 02/27/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Selective receptor mediated uptake is a widely prevalent mechanism in insects by which important macromolecules are acquired. Among the various proteins sequestered by the insect fat body, the larval hexamerins form the major group. In the present work full length cDNA (2.6kb) of hexamerin receptor with an ORF of 2.4kb was cloned from the larval fat body of rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica. This was followed by the recombinant expression of truncated N-terminal sequence of putative hexamerin receptor and the confirmation of the expressed recombinant protein as the truncated hexamerin receptor by ligand blot analysis. Apart from this we also analyzed other hexamerin sequestering tissues like salivary gland, male accessory reproductive gland and ovary for the presence of hexamerin receptor. We found that the receptor in these tissues was similar in size and mode of activation to that of fat body hexamerin receptor, thus cementing the fact that identical hexamerin receptors are present in all the hexamerin sequestering tissues in the rice moth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manohar Damara
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Liu Q, Liang X, Hu D, Chen P, Tian J, Zhang H. Purification and characterization of two major selenium-containing proteins in selenium-rich silkworm pupas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11458-009-0109-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Cristino AS, Nunes FMF, Barchuk AR, Aguiar-Coelho VM, Simões ZLP, Bitondi MMG. Organization, evolution and transcriptional profile of hexamerin genes of the parasitic wasp Nasonia vitripennis (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2010; 19 Suppl 1:137-146. [PMID: 20167024 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2009.00970.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hexamerins and prophenoloxidases (PPOs) proteins are members of the arthropod-haemocyanin superfamily. In contrast to haemocyanin and PPO, hexamerins do not bind oxygen, but mainly play a role as storage proteins that supply amino acids for insect metamorphosis. We identified seven genes encoding hexamerins, three encoding PPOs, and one hexamerin pseudogene in the genome of the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis. A phylogenetic analysis of hexamerins and PPOs from this wasp and related proteins from other insect orders suggests an essentially order-specific radiation of hexamerins. Temporal and spatial transcriptional profiles of N. vitripennis hexamerins suggest that they have physiological functions other than metamorphosis, which are arguably coupled with its lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Cristino
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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