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Cui L, Wang X, Zhang J, Ai Z, Hu Y, Liu S, Tang P, Zou H, Li X, Wang Y, Nan B, Wang Y. Physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibility of ginseng starches under citric acid-autoclaving treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:131031. [PMID: 38518930 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of citric acid-autoclaving (CA-A) treatment on physicochemical and digestive properties of the native ginseng starches were investigated. The results showed that ginseng starch exhibited a B-type crystal structure with a low onset pasting temperature of 44.23 ± 0.80 °C, but high peak viscosity and setback viscosity of 5897.34 ± 53.72 cP and 692.00 ± 32.36 cP, respectively. The granular morphology, crystal and short-range ordered structure of ginseng starches were destroyed after CA-A treatment. The more short-chain starches were produced, resulting in the ginseng starches solubility increased. In addition, autoclaving, citric acid (CA) and CA-A treatment promoted polymerization and recrystallization of starch molecules, increased the proportion of amylopectin B1, and B3 chains, and improved molecular weight and resistant starch (RS) content of ginseng starches. The most significant multi-scale structural change was induced by CA-A treatment, which reduced the relative crystallinity of ginseng starch from 28.26 ± 0.24 % to 2.75 ± 0.08 %, and increased the content of RS to 54.30 ± 0.14 %. These findings provided a better understanding of the structure and properties of Chinese ginseng starches and offered new ideas for the deep processing of ginseng foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Cui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinzhu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Junshun Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiyi Ai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Sitong Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Ping Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyang Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xia Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; National Processing Laboratory for Soybean Industry and Technology, Changchun, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Nan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; National Processing Laboratory for Soybean Industry and Technology, Changchun, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, China.
| | - Yuhua Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China; National Processing Laboratory for Soybean Industry and Technology, Changchun, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, China.
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Zhang LW, Zhu LL, Zhu XY, Fu SQ, Liu XM. Traditional Chinese Medicine formula Dai-Zong-Fang alleviating hepatic steatosis in db/db mice via gut microbiota modulation. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1337057. [PMID: 38327989 PMCID: PMC10847264 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1337057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Hepatic steatosis is a hepatic pathological change closely associated with metabolic disorders, commonly observed in various metabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome (MetS), with a high global prevalence. Dai-Zong-Fang (DZF), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, is widely used in clinical treatment for MetS, exhibiting multifaceted effects in reducing obesity and regulating blood glucose and lipids. This study aims to explore the mechanism by which DZF modulates the gut microbiota and reduces hepatic steatosis based on the gut-liver axis. Methods: This study utilized db/db mice as a disease model for drug intervention. Body weight and fasting blood glucose were monitored. Serum lipid and transaminase levels were measured. Insulin tolerance test was conducted to assess insulin sensitivity. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was employed to observe morphological changes in the liver and intestine. The degree of hepatic steatosis was evaluated through Oil Red O staining and hepatic lipid determination. Changes in gut microbiota were assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels were measured by ELISA. The expression levels of intestinal tight junction proteins, intestinal lipid absorption-related proteins, and key proteins in hepatic lipid metabolism were examined through Western blot and RT-qPCR. Results: After DZF intervention, there was a decrease in body weight, alleviation of glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, reduction in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and mitigation of insulin resistance in mice. DZF significantly modulated the diversity of the gut microbiota, with a notable increase in the abundance of the Bacteroidetes phylum. PICRUSt indicated that DZF influenced various functions in gut microbiota, including carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. Following DZF intervention, serum LPS levels decreased, intestinal pathological damage was reduced, and the expression of intestinal tight junction protein occludin was increased, while the expression of intestinal lipid absorption-related proteins cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) and apolipoprotein B48 (ApoB48) were decreased. In the liver, DZF intervention resulted in a reduction in hepatic steatosis and lipid droplets, accompanied by a decrease fatty acid synthase (FASN) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) and fatty acid transport protein 2 (FATP2). Conversely, there was an increase in the expression of the fatty acid oxidation-related enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1𝛂 (CPT-1𝛂). Conclusion: DZF can regulate the structure and function of the intestinal microbiota in db/db mice. This ameliorates intestinal barrier damage and the detrimental effects of endotoxemia on hepatic metabolism. DZF not only inhibits intestinal lipid absorption but also improves hepatic lipid metabolism from various aspects, including de novo lipogenesis, fatty acid uptake, and fatty acid oxidation. This suggests that DZF may act on the liver and intestine as target organs, exerting its effects by improving the intestinal microbiota and related barrier and lipid absorption functions, ultimately ameliorating hepatic steatosis and enhancing overall glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory of Diabetes, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Li Zhu
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Zhu
- Department of Laboratory of Diabetes, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shou-Qiang Fu
- Pulmonary Disease Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Ming Liu
- Department of Laboratory of Diabetes, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Jia R, Cui C, Gao L, Qin Y, Ji N, Dai L, Wang Y, Xiong L, Shi R, Sun Q. A review of starch swelling behavior: Its mechanism, determination methods, influencing factors, and influence on food quality. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 321:121260. [PMID: 37739518 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Swelling behavior involves the process of starch granules absorbing enough water to swell and increase the viscosity of starch suspension under hydrothermal conditions, making it one of the important aspects in starch research. The changes that starch granules undergo during the swelling process are important factors in predicting their functional properties in food processing. However, the factors that affect starch swelling and how swelling, in turn, affects the texture and digestion characteristics of starch-based foods have not been systematically summarized. Compared to its long chains, the short chains of amylose easily interact with amylopectin chains to inhibit starch swelling. Generally, reducing the swelling of starch could increase the strength of the gel while limiting the accessibility of digestive enzymes to starch chains, resulting in a reduction in starch digestibility. This article aims to conduct a comprehensive review of the mechanism of starch swelling, its influencing factors, and the relationship between swelling and the pasting, gelling, and digestion characteristics of starch. The role of starch swelling in the edible quality and nutritional characteristics of starch-based foods is also discussed, and future research directions for starch swelling are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Congli Cui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Lin Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Yang Qin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying, Shandong Province 257300, China
| | - Na Ji
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying, Shandong Province 257300, China
| | - Lei Dai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying, Shandong Province 257300, China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying, Shandong Province 257300, China
| | - Liu Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
| | - Rui Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210037, China
| | - Qingjie Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China; Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying, Shandong Province 257300, China.
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Xie S, Chen H, Jiang X, Zhou B, Guo Z, Zeng H, Zhang Y. Structural and Physicochemical Properties of a Chinese Yam Starch-Tea Polyphenol Complex Prepared Using Autoclave-Assisted Pullulanase Treatment. Foods 2023; 12:3763. [PMID: 37893656 PMCID: PMC10606916 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between food components have a positive impact in the field of food science. In this study, the effects of tea polyphenol on the structural and physicochemical properties of Chinese yam starch using autoclave-assisted pullulanase treatment were investigated. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, rapid visco analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid method were applied in this study. The results showed that the Chinese yam starch-tea polyphenol complex formed a structural domain with higher thermal stability along with lower pasting viscosities than native starch. The in vitro digestibility of Chinese yam starch decreased with the addition of the tea polyphenol, and the amount of resistant starch content in the complex was 56.25 ± 1.37%, significantly higher than that of native starch (p < 0.05). In addition, the complex showed a B+V-type crystalline structure, which confirmed that the interaction modes between the starch and tea polyphenol include hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Moreover, the appearance of an irregular sponge network structure of the complex further supported the interactions between the starch and tea polyphenol. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of functional foods using Chinese yam starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandu Xie
- School of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Minnan Science and Technology College, Quanzhou 362332, China; (S.X.)
| | - Huiqing Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Minnan Science and Technology College, Quanzhou 362332, China; (S.X.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xinyan Jiang
- School of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Minnan Science and Technology College, Quanzhou 362332, China; (S.X.)
| | - Bifang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Minnan Science and Technology College, Quanzhou 362332, China; (S.X.)
| | - Zebin Guo
- School of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Minnan Science and Technology College, Quanzhou 362332, China; (S.X.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Wang Z, Wang S, Xu Q, Kong Q, Li F, Lu L, Xu Y, Wei Y. Synthesis and Functions of Resistant Starch. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:1131-1144. [PMID: 37276960 PMCID: PMC10509415 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistant starch (RS) has become a popular topic of research in recent years. Most scholars believe that there are 5 types of RS. However, accumulating evidence indicates that in addition to starch-lipid complexes, which are the fifth type of RS, complexes containing starch and other substances can also be generated. The physicochemical properties and physiologic functions of these complexes are worth exploring. New physiologic functions of several original RSs are constantly being discovered. Research shows that RS can provide health improvements in many patients with chronic diseases, including diabetes and obesity, and even has potential benefits for kidney disease and colorectal cancer. Moreover, RS can alter the short-chain fatty acids and microorganisms in the gut, positively regulating the body's internal environment. Despite the increase in its market demand, RS production remains limited. Upscaling RS production is thus an urgent requirement. This paper provides detailed insights into the classification, synthesis, and efficacy of RS, serving as a starting point for the future development and applications of RS based on the current status quo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanggui Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Shuli Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Qinhong Xu
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Qi Kong
- Department of Radiotherapy, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Yibiao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Huai 'an, Huai' an, China
| | - Yali Wei
- Department of Radiotherapy, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, China; Department of Women's Health, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women and Children's Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China.
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6
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Zhang C, Zhang Q, Luo M, Wang Q, Wu X. Bacillus cereus WL08 immobilized on tobacco stem charcoal eliminates butylated hydroxytoluene in soils and alleviates the continuous cropping obstacle of Pinellia ternata. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 450:131091. [PMID: 36870095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), as an emerging contaminant in ecosystems, has potential influences on animals, aquatic organisms, and public health, and has been proven to be a major allelochemical of Pinellia ternata. In this study, Bacillus cereus WL08 was used to rapidly degrade BHT in liquid culture. Strain WL08 immobilized on tobacco stem charcoal (TSC) particles notably accelerated BHT removal in contract to its free cells, and exhibited excellent reutilization and storage capacities. The optimal removal parameters of TSC WL08 were ascertained to be pH 7.0, 30 °C, 50 mg L-1 BHT and 0.14 mg L-1 TSC WL08. Moreover, TSC WL08 significantly accelerated the degradation of 50 mg L-1 BHT in sterile and non-sterile soils compared to that of free WL08 or natural dissipation, and notably shortened their half-lives by 2.47- or 362.14- fold, and 2.20- or 14.99- fold, respectively. Simultaneously, TSC WL08 was introduced into the continuous cropping soils of P. ternata, which accelerated the elimination of allelochemical BHT, and notably enhanced the photosynthesis, growth, yield, and quality of P. ternata. This study provides new insights and strategies for the rapid in situ remediation of BHT-polluted soils and effective alleviation of P. ternata cropping obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Qinghai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Institute of Modern Chinese Herbal Medicines, Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qiuping Wang
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China; Department of Food and Medicine, Guizhou Vocational College of Agriculture, Qingzhen, Guizhou 551400, China
| | - Xiaomao Wu
- Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China.
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Chen C, Sun Y, Wang Z, Huang Z, Zou Y, Yang F, Hu J, Cheng H, Shen C, Wang S. Pinellia genus: A systematic review of active ingredients, pharmacological effects and action mechanism, toxicological evaluation, and multi-omics application. Gene 2023; 870:147426. [PMID: 37044184 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The dried tuber of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit, Pinelliae Rhizoma (PR, also named 'Banxia' in Chinese), is widely used in traditional medicine. This review aims to provide detail summary of active ingredients, pharmacological effects, toxic ingredients, detoxification strategies, and omic researches, etc. Pharmacological ingredients from PR are mainly classified into six categories: alkaloids, amino acids, polysaccharides, phenylpropanoids, essential oils, and glucocerebrosides. Diversity of chemical composition determines the broad-spectrum efficacy and gives a foundation for the comprehensive utilization of P. ternata germplasm resources. The pharmacological compounds are involved in inhibition of cancer cells by targeting various pathways, including activation of immune system, inhibition of proliferation and cycle, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of angiogenesis. The pharmacological components of PR act on nervous system by targeting neurotransmitters, activating immune system, decreasing apoptosis, and increasing redox system. Lectins, one major class of the toxic ingredients extracted from raw PR, possess significant toxic effects on human cells. Inflammatory factors, cytochrome P450 proteins (CYP) family enzymes, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling factors, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling factors, and nervous system, are considered to be the target sites of lectins. Recently, omic analysis is widely applied in Pinellia genus studies. Plastome genome-based molecular markers are deeply used for identifying and resolving phylogeny of Pinellia genus plants. Various omic works revealed and functional identified a series of environmental stress responsive factors and active component biosynthesis-related genes. Our review summarizes the recent progress in active and toxic ingredient evaluation, pharmacological effects, detoxification strategies, and functional gene identification and accelerates efficient utilization of this traditional herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Yunting Sun
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
| | - Zhijing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Zhihua Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Yuqing Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Feifei Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Jing Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Huijuan Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Shuling Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
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8
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Ren X, Zhou C, Qayum A, Tang J, Liang Q. Pickering emulsion: A multi-scale stabilization mechanism based on modified lotus root starch/xanthan gum nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123459. [PMID: 36739046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
New Pickering emulsion stabilizer LS/XG-NPs (Lotus root starch/xanthan gum nanoparticles) was prepared via autoclaving-cooling method followed by combination with XG. The LS/XG-NPs showed uniform and stable particles with particle size <500 nm, PDI <30, and zeta potential 30-40. The autoclaving-cooling treatment completely changed the crystalline form (from A-type to B-type) and structure of starch; hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions were proved to be existed between starch and XG in LS/XG-NPs. The addition of XG increased the contact angle of LS/XG-NPs from 58.79° to 85.42°. In the prepared Pickering emulsion, the LS/XG-NPs adsorbed well on the oil droplets surface, forming a three-dimensional gel network with evenly distributed oil droplets. The Pickering emulsion prepared with LS/XG-NPs showed excellent storage stability and auto-oxidation resistance; the EPA + DHA content in the emulsion remained at 92.46 % after 5 d of storage. The results of this study suggest that LS/XG-NPs have the potential to be food-grade Pickering emulsifiers that not only stabilize emulsions but also prevent emulsion oils from oxidizing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Ren
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Physical Processing of Agricultural Products, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Chengwei Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Abdul Qayum
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jialing Tang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Qiufang Liang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Physical Processing of Agricultural Products, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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Chen F, Li Q, Su Y, Lei Y, Zhang C. Chitosan Spraying Enhances the Growth, Photosynthesis, and Resistance of Continuous Pinellia ternata and Promotes Its Yield and Quality. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052053. [PMID: 36903297 PMCID: PMC10003852 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuous cropping obstacle has become the key factor that seriously restricts the growth, yield, and quality of Pinellia ternata. In this study, the effects of chitosan on the growth, photosynthesis, resistance, yield, and quality of the continuous cropping of P. ternata were investigated by two field spraying methods. The results indicate that continuous cropping significantly (p < 0.05) raised the inverted seedling rate of P. ternata and inhibited its growth, yield, and quality. Spraying of 0.5~1.0% chitosan effectively increased the leaf area and plant height of continuous P. ternata, and reduced its inverted seedling rate. Meanwhile, 0.5~1.0% chitosan spraying could notably increase its photosynthetic rate (Pn), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance (Gs), and transpiration rate (Tr), and decrease its soluble sugar, proline (Pro), and malonaldehyde (MDA) contents, as well as promoting its superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities. Additionally, 0.5~1.0% chitosan spraying could also effectively enhance its yield and quality. This finding highlights that chitosan can be proposed as an alternative and practicable mitigator for alleviating the continuous cropping obstacle of P. ternata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfeng Chen
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qinju Li
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yue Su
- Department of Food and Medicine, Guizhou Vocational College of Agriculture, Qingzhen 551400, China
| | - Yang Lei
- Department of Food and Medicine, Guizhou Vocational College of Agriculture, Qingzhen 551400, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (C.Z.)
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Xu T, Gao X, Li Y, Lin C, Ma P, Bai Z, Zhou J, Wu H, Cao F, Wei P. Characterization of isolated starch from Isatis indigotica Fort. root and anhydro-sugars preparation using its decoction residues. BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY 2023:1-12. [PMID: 36785541 PMCID: PMC9907209 DOI: 10.1007/s13399-023-03892-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Isatis indigotica Fort. root (Ban-lan-gen, IIR), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has an ancient and well-documented history for its medicinal properties. Aside from epigoitrin, indole alkaloids, and their corresponding derivatives as medicinal ingredients, it also contains lots of biomass such as starch. Herein, a new starch was isolated from IIR and the physicochemical properties such as amylose content, moisture content, ash content, morphology, thermal properties, and crystallography were characterized systematically. The amylose content of IIR starch was 19.84 ± 0.85%, and the size and shape of starch granules is ellipsoidal shape with sizes from 2 to 10 μm. IIR starch exhibited a C-type pattern and had 25.92% crystallinity (higher than that of corn starch). The gelatinization temperature of IIR starch was 58.68-75.41 °C, and its gelatinization enthalpy was ΔH gel = 4.33 J/g. After decocting, the IIR's residues can be used to prepare anhydro-sugars in a polar aprotic solvent. The total carbon yield of levoglucosan (LG), levoglucosenone (LGO), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and furfural (FF) could reach 69.81% from IIR's decoction residues in 1,4-dioxane with 15 mM H2SO4 as the catalyst. Further, the residues after dehydration were prepared into biochar by thermochemical conversion and the BET surface area of biochar was 1749.46 m2/g which has good application prospect in soil improvement and alleviates obstacles of IIR continuous cropping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Gao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanzhang Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Changqu Lin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Peipei Ma
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongzhong Bai
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhou
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongli Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Cao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Wei
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
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11
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Yang J, Ma Y, Luo Q, Liang Z, Lu P, Song F, Zhang Z, Zhou T, Zhang J. Improving the solubility of vorinostat using cyclodextrin inclusion complexes: The physicochemical characteristics, corneal permeability and ocular pharmacokinetics of the drug after topical application. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 168:106078. [PMID: 34838620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA), an FDA-approved drug for cutaneous T cell lymphoma, has antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity and thus has therapeutic potential for inflammatory corneal neovascularization (CNV). However, its practical administration is limited due to its poor aqueous solubility and permeability. This study aimed to enhance the corneal permeability of SAHA by promoting its inclusion into a complex with hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HPβCD) for topical application. In phase-solubility studies, the solubility of SAHA with HPβCD and sulfobutyl ether-β-CD (SEβCD) was assessed at different temperatures, and complexation efficiencies (K) were calculated. The inclusion complexes (ICs) were prepared and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectrometry (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) after freeze-drying. The phase-solubility study showed that the complexation efficiencies of SAHA were higher in HPβCD solutions (297.35 M-1, 115.28 M-1 and 122.75 M-1) than in SEβCD solutions (169.75 M-1, 91.33 M-1 and 96.49 M-1) at 4 °C, 25 °C and 37 °C. HPβCD was selected for SAHA-IC preparation, and characterization revealed IC formation. SAHA existed in an amorphous state in the ICs. The ex vivo corneal permeability of SAHA was also evaluated and found to be greater when formulated as an HPβCD solution than as a suspension. Irritation assays in rabbit eyes showed that the SAHA-IC solution was not irritating after topical application. The ocular pharmacokinetics of SAHA in New Zealand White rabbits were assessed following topical administration (0.2%), and a 0.2% SAHA suspension was used as the control. Compared to its formulation as a suspension, the formulation of SAHA as an HPβCD solution increased its corneal bioavailability by more than 3-fold and its conjunctival bioavailability by more than 2-fold. Thus, IC formation was effective at improving the ocular bioavailability of SAHA. This study provides an important alternative approach for developing liquid pharmaceutical formulations of SAHA for topical ocular applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Fei Song
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Tianyang Zhou
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
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