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Chen Y, Liu L, Guo Y, Chu J, Wang B, Sui Y, Wei H, Hao H, Huang L, Cheng G. Distribution and genetic characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance gene qnr among Salmonella strains from chicken in China. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0300023. [PMID: 38411972 PMCID: PMC10986518 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03000-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and dissemination of the plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance gene qnr in Salmonella are considered serious public health concerns worldwide. So far, no comprehensive large-scale studies have focused on the prevalence and genetic characteristics of the qnr gene in Salmonella isolated from chickens. Herein, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns, and molecular characteristics of chicken-originated qnr-positive Salmonella strains from chicken farms, slaughterhouses, and markets in 12 provinces of China in 2020-2021. The overall prevalence of the qnr gene was 21.13% (56/265), with the highest prevalence in markets (36.11%, 26/72), followed in farms (17.95%, 21/117), and slaughterhouses (10.53%, 9/76). Only the qnrS and qnrB genes were detected, and the prevalence rate of the qnrS gene (19.25%, 51/265) was higher than that of the qnrB gene (1.89%, 5/265). Whole genome sequencing identified 37 distinct AMR genes and 15 plasmid replicons, and the most frequent mutation in quinolone resistance determining regions was parC (T57S; 91.49%, 43/47). Meanwhile, four different qnrS and two qnrB genetic environments were discovered among 47 qnr-positive Salmonella strains. In total, 21.28% (10/47) of the strains were capable of conjugative transfer, and all were qnrS1-positive strains, with the majority of transferable plasmids being IncHI2 types (n = 4). Overall, the prevalence of qnr-positive Salmonella strains from chickens in China and their carriage of multiple resistance and virulence genes and transferable plasmids is a major concern, which calls for continuous surveillance of qnr-positive Salmonella and the development of measures to control its prevalence and transmission.IMPORTANCESalmonella is a common foodborne pathogen responsible for 155,000 deaths annually worldwide. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are used as first-line drugs for the treatment of Salmonella infections in several countries and regions. However, the emergence and increasing prevalence of the FQ-resistant gene qnr in Salmonella isolated from chickens have been widely reported. Gaining insight into the genetic mechanisms of AMR genes in chicken could lead to the development of preventive measures to control and reduce the risk of drug resistance. In this study, we identified qnr-positive Salmonellae isolated from chickens in different regions of China and their AMR patterns and genome-wide characteristics, providing a theoretical basis for further control of their prevalence and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lihui Liu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yali Guo
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jinhua Chu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bangjuan Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuxin Sui
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hanqi Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haihong Hao
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lingli Huang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guyue Cheng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Zeng S, Huang Y, Zhang X, Fu L, Sun Z, Li X. Molecular characterization of IncFII plasmid carrying blaNDM-5 in a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ST34 clinical isolate in China. mSphere 2023; 8:e0048023. [PMID: 37909767 PMCID: PMC10732066 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00480-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE In this study, an IncFII plasmid pIncFII-NDM5 carrying blaNDM-5 was found in carbapenem-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. enterica serovar Typhimurium), which has conjugative transferability and carried blaNDM-5, bleMBL, mph(A), and blaTEM-1 four resistance genes that can mediate resistance to multiple antibiotics including cephalosporins, beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations, carbapenems, and macrolides. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 1104-65 and 1104-75 were closely related to other S. enterica serovar Typhimurium in this area. The above-mentioned S. enterica serovar Typhimurium chromosome carries blaCTX-M-55, qnrS1, and tet(A) genes, so the antibiotic resistance of isolates will be further enhanced after obtaining the pIncFII_NDM5-like plasmid. Meanwhile, we discovered a novel genetic structure of blaNDM-5 mediated by the IS26 composite transposon, which will expand our understanding of the emergence and spread of carbapenem-resistance genes. Altogether, the presence of the IncFII plasmid pIncFII-NDM5 further underscores the need for vigilant surveillance and appropriate infection control measures to mitigate the impact of carbapenem-resistant S. enterica serovar Typhimurium in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulan Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiwei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaohui Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Shu G, Qiu J, Zheng Y, Chang L, Li H, Xu F, Zhang W, Yin L, Fu H, Yan Q, Gan T, Lin J. Association between Phenotypes of Antimicrobial Resistance, ESBL Resistance Genes, and Virulence Genes of Salmonella Isolated from Chickens in Sichuan, China. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2770. [PMID: 37685034 PMCID: PMC10486400 DOI: 10.3390/ani13172770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the association between antimicrobial resistance, ESBL genes, and virulence genes of Salmonella isolates. From 2019 to 2021, a total of 117 Salmonella isolates were obtained from symptomatic chickens in Sichuan Province, China. The strains were tested for antimicrobial resistance and the presence of ESBL according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) instructions. The presence of ESBL genes and genes for virulence was determined using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). In addition, Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) was applied to confirm the molecular genotyping. Moreover, the mechanism of ESBL and virulence gene transfer and the relationships between the resistance phenotype, ESBL genes, and virulence genes were explored. The isolates exhibited different frequencies of resistance to antibiotics (resistance rates ranged from 21.37% to 97.44%), whereas 68.38% and 41.03% of isolates were multi-drug resistance (MDR) and ESBL-producers, respectively. In the PCR analysis, blaCTX-M was the most prevalent ESBL genotype (73.42%, 58/79), and blaCTX-M-55 showed the most significant effect on the resistance to cephalosporins as tested by logistic regression analysis. Isolates showed a high carriage rate of invA, avrA, sopB, sopE, ssaQ, spvR, spvB, spvC, stn, and bcfC (ranged from 51.28% to 100%). MLST analysis revealed that the 117 isolates were divided into 11 types, mainly ST92, ST11, and ST3717. Of 48 ESBL-producers, 21 transconjugants were successfully obtained by conjugation. Furthermore, ESBL and spv virulence genes were obtained simultaneously in 15 transconjugants. These results highlighted that Salmonella isolates were common carriers of ESBLs and multiple virulence genes. Horizontal transfer played a key role in disseminating antimicrobial resistance and pathogenesis. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor the use of antimicrobials and the prevalence of AMR and virulence in Salmonella from food animals and to improve the antibiotic stewardship for salmonellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Shu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.S.); (J.Q.); (H.L.); (F.X.); (W.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.F.); (Q.Y.); (T.G.)
| | - Jianyu Qiu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.S.); (J.Q.); (H.L.); (F.X.); (W.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.F.); (Q.Y.); (T.G.)
| | - Yilei Zheng
- Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Lijen Chang
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Haohuan Li
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.S.); (J.Q.); (H.L.); (F.X.); (W.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.F.); (Q.Y.); (T.G.)
| | - Funeng Xu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.S.); (J.Q.); (H.L.); (F.X.); (W.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.F.); (Q.Y.); (T.G.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.S.); (J.Q.); (H.L.); (F.X.); (W.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.F.); (Q.Y.); (T.G.)
| | - Lizi Yin
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.S.); (J.Q.); (H.L.); (F.X.); (W.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.F.); (Q.Y.); (T.G.)
| | - Hualin Fu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.S.); (J.Q.); (H.L.); (F.X.); (W.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.F.); (Q.Y.); (T.G.)
| | - Qigui Yan
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.S.); (J.Q.); (H.L.); (F.X.); (W.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.F.); (Q.Y.); (T.G.)
| | - Ting Gan
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.S.); (J.Q.); (H.L.); (F.X.); (W.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.F.); (Q.Y.); (T.G.)
| | - Juchun Lin
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (G.S.); (J.Q.); (H.L.); (F.X.); (W.Z.); (L.Y.); (H.F.); (Q.Y.); (T.G.)
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Gao Y, Chen K, Lin R, Xu X, Xu F, Lin Q, Hu Y, Zhang H, Zhang J, Liao M, Qu X. High Levels of Antibiotic Resistance in MDR-Strong Biofilm-Forming Salmonella Typhimurium ST34 in Southern China. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2005. [PMID: 37630565 PMCID: PMC10458675 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) is an important zoonotic pathogen with important public health significance. To understand S. typhimurium's epidemiological characteristics in China, multi-locus sequence typing, biofilm-forming ability, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and resistant genes of isolates from different regions and sources (human, food) were investigated. Among them, ST34 accounted for 82.4% (243/295), with ST19 ranking second (15.9%; 47/295). ST34 exhibited higher resistance levels than ST19 (p < 0.05). All colistin, carbapenem, and ciprofloxacin-resistant strains were ST34, as were most cephalosporin-resistant strains (88.9%; 32/36). Overall, 91.4% (222/243) ST34 isolates were shown to have multidrug resistance (MDR), while 53.2% (25/47) ST19 isolates were (p < 0.05). Notably, 97.8% (45/46) of the MDR-ACSSuT (resistance to Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Streptomycin, Sulfamethoxazole, and Tetracycline) isolates were ST34, among which 69.6% (32/46) of ST34 isolates were of human origin, while 30.4% (14/46) were derived from food (p < 0.05). Moreover, 88.48% (215/243) ST34 showed moderate to strong biofilm-forming ability compared with 10.9% (5/46) ST19 isolates (p < 0.01). This study revealed the emergence of high-level antibiotic resistance S. typhimurium ST34 with strong biofilm-forming ability, posing concerns for public health safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kaifeng Chen
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Runshan Lin
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuebin Xu
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200015, China
| | - Fengxiang Xu
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qijie Lin
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yaping Hu
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ming Liao
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Microbiology, Shanghai Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200015, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qu
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Animal Infectious Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province (YDWS202204), Guangzhou 510642, China
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Manzari M, Fani F, Alebouyeh M, Moaddeli A, Rahnamaye Farzami M, Amin Shahidi M, Shekarforoush SS. Multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains from food animals as a potential source for human infection in Iran. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2022; 90-91:101898. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2022.101898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Jiang Q, Ke BX, Wu DS, Wang D, Fang LX, Sun RY, Wang MG, Lei JE, Shao Z, Liao XP. Epidemiology of blaCTX-M-Positive Salmonella Typhimurium From Diarrhoeal Outpatients in Guangdong, China, 2010–2017. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:865254. [PMID: 35783425 PMCID: PMC9247517 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.865254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica can lead to intestinal diarrhea, and the emergence and spread of cephalosporin-resistant Salmonella have brought great challenges to clinical treatment. Therefore, this study investigated the prevalence and transmission of blaCTX-M genes among S. Typhimurium from diarrhoeal outpatients in Guangdong, China, from 2010 to 2017. A total of 221 blaCTX-M-positive isolates were recovered from 1,263 S. Typhimurium isolates from the facal samples of diarrhoea patients in 45 general hospitals from 11 cities. The most popular CTX-M gene was blaCTX-M-55 (39.6%, 72/182) in the CTX-M-1 group, followed by blaCTX-M-14 (22.5%, 41/182) and blaCTX-M-65 (19.2%, 35/182) in the CTX-M-9 group. The isolates that carried blaCTX-M-9G had significantly higher resistance rates to multiple antibacterials compared with blaCTX-M-1G (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, PFGE analysis not only showed the clonal transmission of blaCTX-M-55/14/65-positve isolates of diarrhoeal outpatients’ origins from different hospitals in Guangdong province, but also the characteristic of blaCTX-M-55/14/65-positve isolates’ bacterial persistence. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis indicated that these S. Typhimurium isolates possessed ST34 and ST19. Furthermore, genomic Beast phylogenomic analysis provided the evidence of a close relationship of blaCTX-M-positive S. Typhimurium isolates between the outpatients and pork. Most blaCTX-M-55/14/65 genes were transmitted by non-typeable or IncI1/IncFII/IncHI2 plasmids with the size of ranging from ~80 to ~280 kb. Moreover, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis further revealed that blaCTX-M-55/14/65 coexisted with other 25 types of ARGs, of which 11 ARGs were highly prevalent with the detection rates >50%, and it first reported the emergence of blaTEM-141 in S. Typhimurium. This study underscores the importance of surveillance for blaCTX-M-positive microbes in diarrhea patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bi-xia Ke
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - De-shu Wu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-xing Fang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruan-yang Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-ge Wang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-er Lei
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Shao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-ping Liao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-ping Liao,
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Schwan CL, Dallman TJ, Cook PW, Vipham J. A case report of Salmonella enterica serovar Corvallis from environmental isolates from Cambodia and clinical isolates in the UK. Access Microbiol 2022; 4:000315. [PMID: 35252753 PMCID: PMC8895601 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Corvallis (S. Corvallis) has been identified as a human pathogen and as a food contaminant. Diarrhoeal disease is a common diagnosis in tourists visiting Southeast Asia, often with unknown aetiology. However, numerous public health institutes have identified Salmonella as a common causative agent when consuming contaminated food and water. Genomic data from environmental isolates from a Cambodian informal market were uploaded to the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) platform, allowing the novel sequences to be compared to global whole-genome sequence archives. The comparison revealed that two human clinical isolates from England and four of the environmental isolates were closely related, with an average single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) difference of 1 (0-3 SNPs). A maximum-likelihood tree based on core SNPs was generated comparing the 4 isolates recovered from a Cambodian informal market with 239 isolates of S. Corvallis received from routine surveillance of human salmonellosis in England and confirmed the close relationship. In addition, the environmental isolates clustered into a broader phylogenetic group within the S. Corvallis population containing 68 additional human isolates, of which 42 were from patients who reported recent international travel, almost exclusively to Southeast Asia. The environmental isolates of S. Corvallis isolated from an informal market in Cambodia are concerning for public health due to their genetic similarity to isolates (e.g. clinical isolates from the UK) with known human virulence and pathogenicity. This study emphasizes the benefits of global and public data sharing of pathogen genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla L. Schwan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 300 Carlton St., Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | - Peter W. Cook
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jessie Vipham
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Food Science Institute, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
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Cheng P, Yang Y, Cao S, Liu H, Li X, Sun J, Li F, Ishfaq M, Zhang X. Prevalence and Characteristic of Swine-Origin mcr-1-Positive Escherichia coli in Northeastern China. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:712707. [PMID: 34354696 PMCID: PMC8329492 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.712707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene mcr-1 is threatening the last-line role of colistin in human medicine. With mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from food animal being frequently reported in China, the prevalence of mcr-1 in food animal has attracted public attention. In the present study, a total of 105 colistin-resistant E. coli strains were isolated from 200 fecal samples collected from six swine farms in northeastern China. mcr-PCR revealed that the prevalence of mcr-1 in colistin-resistant E. coli was 53.33% (56/105). mcr-1-positive E. coli showed extensive antimicrobial resistance profiles with the presence of additional resistance genes, increased expression of multidrug efflux pump-associated genes, and increased biofilm formation ability. MLST differentiated all the mcr-1-positive E. coli into 25 sequence types (STs) and five unknown ST, and the most common ST was ST10 (n = 11). By phylogenetic group classification, the distribution of all mcr-1-positive E. coli belonging to groups A, B1, B2, and D was 46.43, 35.71, 5.36, and 5.36%, respectively. Conjugation experiment demonstrated that most of the mcr-1 were transferable at frequencies of 2.68 × 10–6–3.73 × 10–3 among 30 representative mcr-1-positive E. coli. The plasmid replicon types IncI2 (n = 9), IncX4 (n = 5), IncHI2 (n = 3), IncN (n = 3), and IncP (n = 1) were detected in the transconjugants. The results of growth assay, competition experiment, and plasmid stability testing showed that acquisition of mcr-1-harboring plasmids could reduce the fitness of bacterial hosts, but mcr-1 remained stable in the recipient strain. Due to the potential possibility of these mcr-1-positive E. coli being transmitted to humans through the food chain or through horizontal transmission, therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor the prevalence and dissemination of mcr-1 in food animal, particularly in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Cheng
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuqi Yang
- Pharmacology Teaching and Research Department, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Sai Cao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Haibin Liu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jichao Sun
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fulei Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Shang Y, Sun Q, Chen H, Wu Q, Chen M, Yang S, Du M, Zha F, Ye Q, Zhang J. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Salmonella Phage vB_SalP_TR2. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:664810. [PMID: 34234757 PMCID: PMC8256156 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.664810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella is a widely distributed foodborne pathogen. The use of Salmonella phages as biocontrol agents has recently gained significant interest. Because the Salmonella genus has high diversity, efforts are necessary to identify lytic Salmonella phages focusing on different serovars. Here, five Salmonella phages were isolated from soil samples, and vB_SalP_TR2 was selected as a novel phage with high lytic potential against the host Salmonella serovar Albany, as well as other tested serovars, including Corvallis, Newport, Kottbus, and Istanbul. Morphological analyses demonstrated that phage vB_SalP_TR2 belongs to the Podoviridae family, with an icosahedral head (62 ± 0.5 nm in diameter and 60 ± 1 nm in length) and a short tail (35 ± 1 nm in length). The latent period and burst size of phage vB_SalP_TR2 was 15 min and 211 PFU/cell, respectively. It contained a linear dsDNA of 71,453 bp, and G + C content was 40.64%. Among 96 putative open reading frames detected, only 35 gene products were found in database searches, with no virulence or antibiotic resistance genes being identified. As a biological control agent, phage vB_SalP_TR2 exhibited a high temperature and pH tolerance. In vitro, it lysed most S. Albany after 24 h at 37°C with multiplicities of infection of 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100. In food matrices (milk and chicken meat), treatment with phage vB_SalP_TR2 also reduced the number of S. Albany compared with that in controls. These findings highlighted phage vB_SalP_TR2 as a potential antibacterial agent for the control of Salmonella in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety, Joint International Research Laboratory on Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qifan Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanfang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuanghong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety, Joint International Research Laboratory on Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mingzhu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety, Joint International Research Laboratory on Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fei Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety, Joint International Research Laboratory on Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qinghua Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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