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Guo B, Guo G, Qi W, Aizezi M, Wu C, Tian M, Casulli A, Zhang W, Li J. The genetic variation of mitochondrial sequences and pathological differences of Echinococcus multilocularis strains from different continents. Microbiol Spectr 2025; 13:e0131824. [PMID: 39950816 PMCID: PMC11960119 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01318-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2025] [Indexed: 04/03/2025] Open
Abstract
Alveolar echinococcosis is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by the fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis. The parasite is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and exhibits low genetic diversity among populations. To compare the differences among four E. multilocularis strains from different geographical locations, namely, Alaska (EM-AK), Japan (EM-JP), Xinjiang (EM-XJ), and Ningxia (EM-NX), their complete mitochondrial (mt) sequences were compared, and their induced pathological lesions were analyzed in mouse models. The complete mt sequence of EM-AK resulted in 0.84%-0.86% variation as compared with the other strains, which had a lower variation. Phylogenetic analysis and parsimony network indicated that EM-AK resulted in 30,000 years of evolutionary distance from the other three strains. EM-AK induced more pathological damage than the other three strains, which was likely to induce more host cell infiltration and acute granuloma in the liver. More importantly, EM-AK produced more protoscoleces than the other three strains, which may impact the transmission dynamics of the parasite. Given the geographical location of four strains, which is far from each other, and also the pathological differences, the strains of E. multilocularis are likely models for addressing the relationship and interfacial immune response between the host and the helminth.IMPORTANCEEchinococcus multilocularis is the causative agent of alveolar echinococcosis, which is considered the most serious parasitic disease in the Northern Hemisphere. There are many genotypes, but the pathogenic and mitochondria sequence and differences are still unclear. Therefore, this study showed both pathological and genetic differences between the four strains of E. multilocularis. EM-AK induced more severe immune responses and especially induced more host cell infiltration, which resulted in more severe granuloma in the liver. EM-JP has metacestode lesions morphologically closer to those of E. granulosus with clear cyst fluid. However, this strain produced much fewer protoscoleces (PSCs). Genetically, EM-AK is more distant from other strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Perinatal Diseases, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Gang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Perinatal Diseases, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wenjing Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Malike Aizezi
- Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China, Urumqi, China
| | - Chuanchuan Wu
- Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mengxiao Tian
- Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Adriano Casulli
- WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology, Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Wenbao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Perinatal Diseases, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Perinatal Diseases, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Basic Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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Rachel F, Luttermann C, Höper D, Conraths FJ, Dapprich J, Maksimov P. Typing of Echinococcus multilocularis by Region-Specific Extraction and Next-Generation Sequencing of the mitogenome. Front Microbiol 2025; 16:1535628. [PMID: 40092033 PMCID: PMC11906691 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1535628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2025] [Indexed: 03/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Infection by the fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis may lead to a severe zoonosis in humans, alveolar echinococcosis, which may be fatal if left untreated. Typing is important to understand the epidemiology of this parasite, yet there is limited knowledge on the microdiversity of E. multilocularis on the local scale, since the typing resolution of established methods is restricted. Methods The mitogenome of E. multilocularis was used as the target regions to modify, apply and validate the Region-Specific Extraction (RSE) method in combination with Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and analysed bioinformatically. To validate the success and the accuracy of the RSE protocol, the mitogenomes of some E. multilocularis isolates were also analysed by the Whole-Genome Sequencing (WGS). Results With the chosen combination of methods, the entire mitogenome (~13 kb) of E. multilocularis could be captured and amplified. The read depth (median ≥ 156X) was sufficient to detect existing SNPs. The comparison of mitogenome sequences extracted by RSE with mitogenome sequences obtained by WGS showed that the accuracy of the RSE method was consistently comparable to direct Whole-Genome Sequencing. Conclusion The results demonstrate that the RSE method in combination with NGS is suitable to analyse the microdiversity of E. multilocularis at the whole mitogenome level. For the capture and sequencing of large (several kb) genomic regions of E. multilocularis and other applications, this method can be very helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Rachel
- National Reference Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Institute of Epidemiology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut - Federal Research Institute for Animal Health (FLI), Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christine Luttermann
- Laboratory for Antiviral Immunity, Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut - Federal Research Institute for Animal Health (FLI), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dirk Höper
- Laboratory for NGS-Based Pathogen Characterization and Animal Disease Diagnostics, Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut - Federal Research Institute for Animal Health (FLI), Greifswald, Germany
| | - Franz Josef Conraths
- National Reference Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Institute of Epidemiology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut - Federal Research Institute for Animal Health (FLI), Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Pavlo Maksimov
- National Reference Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Institute of Epidemiology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut - Federal Research Institute for Animal Health (FLI), Greifswald, Germany
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Reznik EV, Iarovoi MD, Zavialova SА, Umakhanova SM, Grigorievskaya AS, Makolin OI, Semeniakin IV. [Combined echinococcosis of the lungs, heart and liver: clinic, diagnosis and treatment. Case report]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2024; 96:1097-1103. [PMID: 39731772 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2024.11.202998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 12/30/2024]
Abstract
Echinococcosis or hidatid disease is a parasitic illness which is caused by the most common pathogens Echinococcus granulosus, E. multilocularis and E. oligarthrus. When the agent gets into the organism, it penetrates the organ and forms a cyst. Cysts are located more often (75%) in the liver where they exist without any clinical manifestation. They can be located in other internal organs: lungs, the heart and others. The localization of cysts in several organs simultaneously is a very rare case. The article aims to demonstrate a patient who had a combined echinococcosis of the lungs, heart and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Reznik
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
- Medsi group Joint Stock Company
- Savel'eva City Clinical Hospital №31
| | - M D Iarovoi
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
| | | | | | - A S Grigorievskaya
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
- Medsi group Joint Stock Company
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Ereqat S, Al-Jawabreh A, Al-Jawabreh H, Nasereddin A. Use of the EmsB microsatellite-based next generation sequencing for genotyping of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in hydatid cyst tissue samples from animals and humans. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2024; 71:2024.014. [PMID: 39264026 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2024.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Echinococcus granulosus (Batsch, 1786), a cestode of the Teniidae family, causes human cystic echinococcosis (CE) also known as hydatid disease. Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato includes the G1, G3, G4, G5, G6/7 and G8/10 genotypes which are known to cause human CE. This study aimed to differentiate genotypes of E. granulosus s.l. complex by employing EmsB, a tandemly repeated multilocus microsatellite, using next-generation sequencing (MIC-NGS). Human and animal histopathology-confirmed hydatid cyst tissue samples and reference DNA samples of E. granulosus G1, G3, G4, G5, G6/7 and G10 underwent MIC-NGS assay with custom primers amplifying a 151 bp EmsB DNA fragment. NGS data were analysed using online Galaxy analysis pipeline, a phylogenetic tree was constructed by MEGA software, and haplotype networking was performed with PopArt 1.7. All sixty samples (49 from animals and 11 from humans) included were successfully identified and genotyped with a 100 % success rate. The study showed improved discrimination power to distinguish all study samples including closely related E. granulosus s.s. genotypes G1-G3. The maximum likelihood tree reaffirmed the monophyly of E. granulosus s.l. The median-joining haplotype networking revealed 12 distinct haplotypes. In conclusion, MIC-NGS assay was shown to be sensitive, specific and simple to apply to clinical samples offering a powerful discriminatory tool for the genotyping of E. granulosus s.l.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suheir Ereqat
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Abu Deis, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Amer Al-Jawabreh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
- Leishmaniases Research Unit, Jericho, Palestine
| | - Hanan Al-Jawabreh
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Abu Deis, Jerusalem, Palestine
- Leishmaniases Research Unit, Jericho, Palestine
| | - Abedelmajeed Nasereddin
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Abu Deis, Jerusalem, Palestine
- Al-Quds Bard College Al-Quds University Jerusalem, Palestine *Address for correspondence: Al-Quds str., Jericho, Palestine, P5840227. E-mail:
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Kida I, Hayashi N, Yokoyama N, Nagata N, Sasaoka K, Sasaki N, Morishita K, Nakamura K, Kouguchi H, Yagi K, Nakao R, Takiguchi M, Nonaka N. Case report: Echinococcus multilocularis infection in a dog showing gastrointestinal signs in Hokkaido, Japan. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1373035. [PMID: 39005724 PMCID: PMC11239963 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1373035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Echinococcus multilocularis is a cestode that causes human alveolar echinococcosis, a lethal zoonotic disease distributed in the northern hemisphere. The life cycle of this parasite is maintained in nature by voles as intermediate hosts and foxes as definitive hosts in Hokkaido, Japan. Although dogs are also susceptible to the parasite, the infection has been considered typically asymptomatic. We report the detection of E. multilocularis eggs in the diarrheal feces of a dog with chronic gastrointestinal signs, which disappeared after anthelmintic treatment. The mitochondrial genome sequence constructed by sequencing of the overlapping PCRs using DNA from the eggs was identical to the most predominant haplotype previously reported in red foxes in Hokkaido. This case highlights that Echinococcus infection should be considered as a differential diagnosis for diarrheal dogs in the disease endemic areas. Further efforts are needed to accumulate parasite genotypes in domestic dogs as well as humans to assess the risk of human infection from dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Kida
- Division of Risk Analysis and Management, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayashi
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nozomu Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nagata
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Sasaoka
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Noboru Sasaki
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Keitaro Morishita
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Nakamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kouguchi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hokkaido Institute of Public Health, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kinpei Yagi
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakao
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Takiguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nariaki Nonaka
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Santoro A, Santolamazza F, Cacciò SM, La Rosa G, Antolová D, Auer H, Bagrade G, Bandelj P, Basso W, Beck R, Citterio CV, Davidson RK, Deksne G, Frey CF, Fuglei E, Glawischnig W, Gottstein B, Harna J, Huus Petersen H, Karamon J, Jansen F, Jarošová J, Jokelainen P, Lundström-Stadelmann B, Maksimov P, Miljević M, Miterpáková M, Moks E, Origgi F, Ozolina Z, Ryser MP, Romig T, Šarkūnas M, Scorrano N, Saarma U, Šnábel V, Sréter T, Umhang G, Vengušt G, Žele Vengušt D, Casulli A. Mitochondrial genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Echinococcus multilocularis in Europe. Int J Parasitol 2024; 54:233-245. [PMID: 38246405 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The cestode Echinococcus multilocularis is the causative agent of alveolar echinococcosis, a fatal zoonotic parasitic disease of the northern hemisphere. Red foxes are the main reservoir hosts and, likely, the main drivers of the geographic spread of the disease in Europe. Knowledge of genetic relationships among E. multilocularis isolates at a European scale is key to understanding the dispersal characteristics of E. multilocularis. Hence, the present study aimed to describe the genetic diversity of E. multilocularis isolates obtained from different host species in 19 European countries. Based on the analysis of complete nucleotide sequences of the cob, atp6, nad2, nad1 and cox1 mitochondrial genes (4,968 bp), 43 haplotypes were inferred. Four haplotypes represented 62.56 % of the examined isolates (142/227), and one of these four haplotypes was found in each country investigated, except Svalbard, Norway. While the haplotypes from Svalbard were markedly different from all the others, mainland Europe appeared to be dominated by two main clusters, represented by most western, central and eastern European countries, and the Baltic countries and northeastern Poland, respectively. Moreover, one Asian-like haplotype was identified in Latvia and northeastern Poland. To better elucidate the presence of Asian genetic variants of E. multilocularis in Europe, and to obtain a more comprehensive Europe-wide coverage, further studies, including samples from endemic regions not investigated in the present study, especially some eastern European countries, are needed. Further, the present work proposes historical causes that may have contributed to shaping the current genetic variability of E. multilocularis in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzurra Santoro
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology, Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Federica Santolamazza
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology, Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone M Cacciò
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Rosa
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Antolová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Herbert Auer
- Medical Parasitology, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Guna Bagrade
- Latvian State Forest Research Institute "Silava", Wildlife Management Research Group, Salaspils, Rigas Street 111, LV-2169 Salaspils, Latvia
| | - Petra Bandelj
- Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Walter Basso
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Relja Beck
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Laboratory for Parasitology, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Carlo V Citterio
- Centro Specialistico Fauna Selvatica, SCT2-Belluno, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Via Cappellari 44/A, 32100 Belluno, Italy
| | | | - Gunita Deksne
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes Street 3, Riga LV-1076, Latvia; Faculty of Biology, University of Lavia, Jelgavas Street 1, Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Caroline F Frey
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eva Fuglei
- Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Walter Glawischnig
- Institute for Veterinary Disease Control Innsbruck, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Technikerstraße 70, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bruno Gottstein
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jiří Harna
- State Veterinary Institute Olomouc, Jakoubka ze Stribra 1, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Heidi Huus Petersen
- Danish Veterinary and Food Administration, Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries of Denmark, Stationsparken 31-33 2600, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Jacek Karamon
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, Partyzantow Avenue 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Famke Jansen
- Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM), Department of Biomedical Sciences, 155 Nationalestraat, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Júlia Jarošová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Pikka Jokelainen
- Infectious Disease Preparedness, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Britta Lundström-Stadelmann
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; Multidisciplinary Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Länggass-Strasse 122, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pavlo Maksimov
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald‑Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Milan Miljević
- Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Martina Miterpáková
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Epp Moks
- National Centre for Laboratory Research and Risk Assessment, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 30, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Francesco Origgi
- Institute for Fish and Wildlife Health (FIWI), Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Längassstrasse 122, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Zanda Ozolina
- Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment "BIOR", Lejupes Street 3, Riga LV-1076, Latvia
| | - Marie-Pierre Ryser
- Institute for Fish and Wildlife Health (FIWI), Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Längassstrasse 122, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Romig
- Parasitology Unit, Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mindaugas Šarkūnas
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilžės str. 18, 47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Nathalie Scorrano
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Urmas Saarma
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Viliam Šnábel
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Tamás Sréter
- National Reference Laboratory of Medical Parasitology, National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gèrald Umhang
- Anses, Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, National Reference Laboratory Echinococcus spp, 54220 Malzéville, France
| | - Gorazd Vengušt
- Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Diana Žele Vengušt
- Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Adriano Casulli
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Parasites, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology, Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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7
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Guo B, Cairen, Wu J, Wang W, Wang B, Ren Y, Aizezi M, Mi R, Zhao L, Wen H. The A2 haplotype of Echinococcus multilocularis is the predominant variant infecting humans and dogs in Yili Prefecture, Xinjiang. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 119:105581. [PMID: 38432594 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Alveolar echinococcosis (AE), caused by Echinococcus multilocularis, is an important zoonotic disease. Yili Prefecture in Xinjiang is endemic for AE, however the molecular variability of E. multilocularis in this region is poorly understood. In this study, 127 samples were used for haplotypes analysis, including 79 tissues from humans, 43 liver tissues from small rodents, and 5 fecal samples from dogs. Genetic variability in E. multilocularis was studied using complete sequences of the mitochondrial (mt) genes of cytochrome b (cob), NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (nad2), and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1), using a total of 3558 bp per sample. The Asia haplotype 2 (A2) was the dominant haplotype, with 72.15% (57/79) prevalence in humans, 2.33% (1/43) in small rodents, and 80.00% (4/5) in dogs, followed by A5, the second most common haplotype, which infected 27.91% (12/43) small rodents. Haplotype network analysis showed that all haplotypes clustered together with the Asian group. Pairwise fixation index (FST) values showed lower level of genetic differentiation between different regions within the country. Compared with the sequences of E. multilocularis from North America and Europe, all concatenated sequences isolated from Yili Prefecture were highly differentiated and formed a single population. The A2 haplotype, analyzed using the cob, nad2, and cox1 genes of E. multilocularis, is the predominant variant in humans and dogs in Yili Prefecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Cairen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Jianyong Wu
- School of public health, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 567 Shangde Road North, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Wenli Wang
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Gansu Province, No.41 Hongliutan Road, Chengguan Zone, Lanzhou, Lanzhou 730046, PR China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Veterinary Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, No. 726, Dongrong Street, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Yuan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Mayire Aizezi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Rongsheng Mi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Li Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Hao Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, PR China
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