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Vicentin S, Cona G, Arcara G, Bisiacchi P. Sensory modality affects the spatiotemporal dynamics of alpha and theta oscillations associated with prospective memory. Int J Psychophysiol 2024; 196:112284. [PMID: 38110002 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2023.112284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The maintenance of an intention in memory (Prospective Memory, PM) while performing a task is associated with a cost in terms of both performance (longer response times and lower accuracy) and neurophysiological modulations, which extent depends on several features of the stimuli. AIM This study explores the neural patterns associated with PM in different sensory modalities, to identify differences depending on this variable and discuss their functional meaning. METHOD Data were collected using a High-Density EEG during a baseline and a PM condition, proposed in a visual and an auditory version. Theta and alpha oscillations were compared between the two conditions within each modality using a cluster-based permutation approach. RESULTS PM conditions were associated with clusters of decreased alpha and theta activity in both modalities. However, different spatiotemporal dynamics were elicited as a function of sensory modality: alpha decreases displayed an overlapping onset between modalities, but different durations, lasting longer in the auditory modality. Conversely, the clusters of decreased theta activity presented similar durations between modalities, but different temporal and spatial onsets, appearing at different moments over the respective sensory areas. CONCLUSIONS The similar spatiotemporal properties of alpha suppression between modalities indicate that such oscillations may represent a supramodal, top-down process, presumably reflecting the external direction of attention to successfully detect the prospective cue (strategic monitoring). In theta, the clusters showed more modality-specific differences, which temporal and spatial properties correspond to the ones necessary to perform the ongoing task, suggesting a shift in resource allocation in favor of the PM task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Vicentin
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, Padua, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Cona
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, Padua, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Bisiacchi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, Padua, Italy
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Villafane Barraza V, Voegtle A, de Matos Mansur B, Reichert C, Nasuto SJ, Sweeney-Reed CM. Parietal cortical alpha/beta suppression during prospective memory retrieval. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11235-11246. [PMID: 37804246 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM) impairment is among the most frequent memory complaints, yet little is known about the underlying neural mechanisms. PM for a planned intention may be achieved through strategic monitoring of the environment for cues, involving ongoing attentional processes, or through spontaneous retrieval. We hypothesized that parietal spectral power modulation accompanies prospectively encoded intention retrieval, irrespective of PM retrieval approach. A cognitively engaging arithmetic-based ongoing task (OGT) was employed to encourage spontaneous retrieval, with a focal, internally generated PM cue to eliminate OGT/PM trial differentiation based on perceptual or conceptual PM cue features. Two PM repetition frequencies were used to vary the extent of strategic monitoring. We observed a transient parietal alpha/beta spectral power reduction directly preceding the response, which was distinguishable on a single trial basis, as revealed by an OGT/PM trial classification rate exceeding 70% using linear discriminant analysis. The alpha/beta idling rhythm reflects cortical inhibition. A disengagement of task-relevant neural assemblies from this rhythm, reflected in alpha/beta power reduction, is deemed to increase information content, facilitate information integration, and enable engagement of neural assemblies in task-related cortical networks. The observed power reduction is consistent with the Dual Pathways model, where PM strategies converge at the PM retrieval stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Villafane Barraza
- Neurocybernetics and Rehabilitation, Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Angela Voegtle
- Neurocybernetics and Rehabilitation, Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bruno de Matos Mansur
- Neurocybernetics and Rehabilitation, Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Reichert
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Slawomir J Nasuto
- Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering Division, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine M Sweeney-Reed
- Neurocybernetics and Rehabilitation, Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Yu H, Gao J, Chang RSK, Mak W, Thach TQ, Cheung RTF. Inhibitory dysfunction may cause prospective memory impairment in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients: an event-related potential study. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1006744. [PMID: 37565055 PMCID: PMC10410078 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1006744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prospective memory (PM) is the ability to remember future intentions, and PM function is closely related to independence in daily life, particularly in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). As PM involves various cognitive components of attention, working memory, inhibition and other executive functions, this study investigated how TLE may affect PM components and the underlying neural mechanisms. Methods Sixty-four subjects were recruited, including 20 refractory TLE patients, 18 well-controlled TLE patients and 26 age-matched healthy controls. A set of neuropsychological tests was administered to assess specific brain functions. An event-related potential (ERP) task was used to further explore how PM and its components would be differentially affected in the two TLE types. Results Our findings revealed that: (1) refractory TLE patients scored lower than the healthy controls in the digit span, Verbal Fluency Test and Symbol Digit Modalities Test; (2) refractory TLE patients exhibited impaired PM performance and reduced prospective positivity amplitudes over the frontal, central and parietal regions in ERP experiments when compared to the healthy controls; and (3) decreased P3 amplitudes in the nogo trials were observed over the frontal-central sites in refractory but not in well-controlled TLE patients. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the first ERP study on PM that has specifically identified PM impairment in refractory but not in well-controlled TLE patients. Our finding of double dissociation in PM components suggests that inhibition dysfunction may be the main reason for PM deficit in refractory TLE patients. The present results have clinical implications for neuropsychological rehabilitation in TLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemei Yu
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Junling Gao
- Centre of Buddhist Studies, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Richard Shek-Kwan Chang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Windsor Mak
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Thuan-Quoc Thach
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Raymond Tak Fai Cheung
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Huang D, Yan S, Shen S, Lv S, Lai S, Zhong S, Jia Y. Effects of virtual reality working memory training on event-based prospective memory in patients with major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 156:91-99. [PMID: 36244203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Event-based prospective memory (EBPM) refers to remembering to perform delayed intention when specific events occur. EBPM deficit is present in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and hinders recovery from the illness. Working memory training (WMT) has been reported to enhance EBPM but its effect on EBPM in MDD remains unclear. We investigated whether virtual reality (VR)-based WMT can improve EBPM in MDD patients. METHODS Forty-six MDD patients and 41 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. Among the former ones, the first 23 consecutive patients were allocated to the experimental group (MDD-VR) and the next 23 consecutive patients to the waitlist control group (MDD-W). EBPM accuracy was used to assess EBPM performance. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Massachusetts General Hospital Cognitive and Physical Functioning Questionnaire (CPFQ) were employed to assess the cognitive functions and the depressive symptoms. RESULTS At baseline, EBPM accuracy did not significantly differ between MDD-VR and MDD-W but was lower in both of these two groups than in HC (both p < 0.001). Group-by-time interactions on EBPM accuracy (F = 4.614, p = 0.031) and CPFQ score (F = 5.754, p = 0.021) were present, whereas no significant group-by-time interaction or group effects were observed for HDRS score (both p > 0.05). After VR intervention, MDD-VR showed an increase in EBPM accuracy (Cohen's d = 1.20 [95% CI: 0.53, 1.86], p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that VR-based WMT could improve EBPM deficits in MDD patients. Large-scale studies of a VR-based WMT program are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Shuya Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; School of Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Shiyi Shen
- School of Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Sihui Lv
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; School of Management, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Shunkai Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Shuming Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yanbin Jia
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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Burgess PW, Crum J, Pinti P, Aichelburg C, Oliver D, Lind F, Power S, Swingler E, Hakim U, Merla A, Gilbert S, Tachtsidis I, Hamilton A. Prefrontal cortical activation associated with prospective memory while walking around a real-world street environment. Neuroimage 2022; 258:119392. [PMID: 35714887 PMCID: PMC10509823 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rostral PFC (area 10) activation is common during prospective memory (PM) tasks. But it is not clear what mental processes these activations index. Three candidate explanations from cognitive neuroscience theory are: (i) monitoring of the environment; (ii) spontaneous intention retrieval; (iii) a combination of the two. These explanations make different predictions about the temporal and spatial patterns of activation that would be seen in rostral PFC in naturalistic settings. Accordingly, we plotted functional events in PFC using portable fNIRS while people were carrying out a PM task outside the lab and responding to cues when they were encountered, to decide between these explanations. Nineteen people were asked to walk around a street in London, U.K. and perform various tasks while also remembering to respond to prospective memory (PM) cues when they detected them. The prospective memory cues could be either social (involving greeting a person) or non-social (interacting with a parking meter) in nature. There were also a number of contrast conditions which allowed us to determine activation specifically related to the prospective memory components of the tasks. We found that maintaining both social and non-social intentions was associated with widespread activation within medial and right hemisphere rostral prefrontal cortex (BA 10), in agreement with numerous previous lab-based fMRI studies of prospective memory. In addition, increased activation was found within lateral prefrontal cortex (BA 45 and 46) when people were maintaining a social intention compared to a non-social one. The data were then subjected to a GLM-based method for automatic identification of functional events (AIDE), and the position of the participants at the time of the activation events were located on a map of the physical space. The results showed that the spatial and temporal distribution of these events was not random, but aggregated around areas in which the participants appeared to retrieve their future intentions (i.e., where they saw intentional cues), as well as where they executed them. Functional events were detected most frequently in BA 10 during the PM conditions compared to other regions and tasks. Mobile fNIRS can be used to measure higher cognitive functions of the prefrontal cortex in "real world" situations outside the laboratory in freely ambulant individuals. The addition of a "brain-first" approach to the data permits the experimenter to determine not only when haemodynamic changes occur, but also where the participant was when it happened. This can be extremely valuable when trying to link brain and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W Burgess
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK.
| | - James Crum
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK
| | - Paola Pinti
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, UK
| | | | - Dominic Oliver
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK
| | - Frida Lind
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK
| | - Sarah Power
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, UK
| | | | - Uzair Hakim
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, UK
| | - Arcangelo Merla
- Infrared Imaging Lab, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technology (ITAB), Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Sam Gilbert
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK
| | - Ilias Tachtsidis
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, UK
| | - Antonia Hamilton
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK
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Sun J, Zhang K, Su X, Zhang Q, Wang Z, He L, Hu L. The Chinese version of the Memory for Intentions Test (MIST): development and evaluation of its reliability and concurrent validity. Clin Neuropsychol 2022:1-19. [PMID: 35266859 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2022.2047791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to develop a simplified Chinese version of the "Memory for Intentions Test" (MIST), evaluate its reliability and concurrent validity, explore the inter-relationships among the MIST variables and the relationships between the MIST variables and socio-demographic factors. Two hundred healthy, Chinese-speaking adults of the Han community participated in this study. Form A of the Chinese MIST and two prospective items of the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test, Second Edition (RBMT-II, Chinese version) were administered to all participants to evaluate internal consistency, split-half reliability, and concurrent validity. Twenty of these participants were assessed twice on Form A with a two-week interval to examine test-retest reliability. They were also assessed on both Form A and Form B to examine alternate-form reliability. The findings of the study indicated good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .833) and excellent split-half reliability (r = .924-.930) among the six subscales of the Chinese MIST, although the internal consistency was low (Cronbach's α = .129) for individual PM trials. We also found adequate concurrent validity (ρ = .722, p< .001), test-retest reliability (ρ = .716, p < .001), and alternate-form reliability (ρ= .828, p < .001). The Chinese MIST demonstrated suitable reliability and concurrent validity in the Chinese-speaking population. The present study provides a new standardized prospective memory test for the Chinese population, which would enhance future clinical research in this field on the Chinese mainland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyuan Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianbiao Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Mental Health Center, Cheeloo Chollege of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qunlei Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Mental Health Center, Cheeloo Chollege of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Long He
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Mental Health Center, Cheeloo Chollege of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Adult hippocampal neurogenesis shapes adaptation and improves stress response: a mechanistic and integrative perspective. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:403-421. [PMID: 33990771 PMCID: PMC8960391 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01136-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) represents a remarkable form of neuroplasticity that has increasingly been linked to the stress response in recent years. However, the hippocampus does not itself support the expression of the different dimensions of the stress response. Moreover, the main hippocampal functions are essentially preserved under AHN depletion and adult-born immature neurons (abGNs) have no extrahippocampal projections, which questions the mechanisms by which abGNs influence functions supported by brain areas far from the hippocampus. Within this framework, we propose that through its computational influences AHN is pivotal in shaping adaption to environmental demands, underlying its role in stress response. The hippocampus with its high input convergence and output divergence represents a computational hub, ideally positioned in the brain (1) to detect cues and contexts linked to past, current and predicted stressful experiences, and (2) to supervise the expression of the stress response at the cognitive, affective, behavioral, and physiological levels. AHN appears to bias hippocampal computations toward enhanced conjunctive encoding and pattern separation, promoting contextual discrimination and cognitive flexibility, reducing proactive interference and generalization of stressful experiences to safe contexts. These effects result in gating downstream brain areas with more accurate and contextualized information, enabling the different dimensions of the stress response to be more appropriately set with specific contexts. Here, we first provide an integrative perspective of the functional involvement of AHN in the hippocampus and a phenomenological overview of the stress response. We then examine the mechanistic underpinning of the role of AHN in the stress response and describe its potential implications in the different dimensions accompanying this response.
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Hosaka R, Watanabe H, Nakajima T, Mushiake H. Theta Dynamics Contribute to Retrieving Motor Plans after Interruptions in the Primate Premotor Area. Cereb Cortex Commun 2021; 2:tgab059. [PMID: 34806015 PMCID: PMC8597970 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgab059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To achieve a behavioral goal, we often need to maintain an internal action plan against external interruption and thereafter retrieve the action plan. We recently found that the maintenance and updating of motor plans are reflected by reciprocal changes in the beta and gamma power of the local field potential (LFP) of the primate medial motor areas. In particular, the maintenance of the immediate motor plan is supported by enhanced beta oscillations. However, it is unclear how the brain manages to maintain and retrieve the internal action plan against interruptions. Here, we show that dynamic theta changes contribute to the maintenance of the action plan. Specifically, the power of the theta frequency band (4-10 Hz) of LFPs increased before and during the interruption in the dorsal premotor areas in two monkeys. Without theta enhancement before the interruption, retrieval of the internal action plan was impaired. Theta and beta oscillations showed distinct changes depending on the behavioral context. Our results demonstrate that immediate and suspended motor plans are supported by the beta and theta oscillatory components of LFPs. Motor cortical theta oscillations may contribute to bridging motor plans across behavioral interruptions in a prospective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Hosaka
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Hidenori Watanabe
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Toshi Nakajima
- Department of Integrative Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hajime Mushiake
- Department of Physiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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Vinding MC, Lindeløv JK, Xiao Y, Chan RCK, Sørensen TA. Volition in prospective Memory: Evidence against differences between free and fixed target events. Conscious Cogn 2021; 94:103175. [PMID: 34343787 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2021.103175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Volition is the extent to which actions are generated as a result of internal states in contrast to responses to external conditions or dictated by external events. Delayed intentions about future action are stored in prospective memory until the intended action has to be formed at a later point in time. It is unknown how voluntary choice affects prospective memory. We compared the difference between freely chosen and fixed targets on the reaction times and task performance in the ongoing task and for the target stimuli in a prospective memory task. The task performance and the reaction time was modelled using a Bayesian hierarchical drift-diffusion model. The analysis showed no differences between self-chosen and fixed prospective memory cues on task responses. The result suggests that volition in choosing the cue to act upon or given a fixed cue does not make a difference for prospective memory task performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel C Vinding
- NatMEG, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jonas Kristoffer Lindeløv
- CNRU, CFIN, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Yahui Xiao
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Aarhus, Denmark & Beijing, China; Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Aarhus, Denmark & Beijing, China; Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Thomas Alrik Sørensen
- CNRU, CFIN, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Aarhus, Denmark & Beijing, China
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Bénar CG, Velmurugan J, López-Madrona VJ, Pizzo F, Badier JM. Detection and localization of deep sources in magnetoencephalography: A review. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2021.100285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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11
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Laera G, Arcara G, Gajewski PD, Kliegel M, Hering A. Age-related modulation of EEG time-frequency responses in prospective memory retrieval. Neuropsychologia 2021; 155:107818. [PMID: 33675856 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prospective memory involves remembering to execute an intention at the appropriate moment (prospective component) as well as retrieving the intended action (retrospective component). Several electrophysiological studies showed that neural activity associated with the prospective and the retrospective component differed between older and younger adults. However, these studies mainly reported event-related potentials (ERP), without considering other oscillatory parameters of age-related neural modulations that might be associated with the two components. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we analysed electrophysiological data to describe the age-related patterns of brain oscillations associated with the prospective and the retrospective components of prospective memory. METHODS The prospective and the retrospective components were manipulated in two experiments. In experiment 1, the prospective component was manipulated by varying the cue distinctiveness (i.e., how easy it was to detect the cue based on colour). In experiment 2, the retrospective component was manipulated by varying the number of intentions to be remembered (i.e., one or two intentions). We used time-frequency analysis to characterise the EEG oscillatory activity in younger and older adults. RESULTS The prospective component was associated with age differences in alpha and beta frequency bands. Compared to younger adults, older adults showed a decrease of parietal alpha activity when they detected distinct prospective memory cues, and a decrease of parietal beta when they detected less distinct cues. Moreover, older adults showed less beta activity compared to the younger adults across experimental manipulations. No age differences emerged with respect to the retrospective component. CONCLUSIONS The specific pattern of oscillatory activity associated with the prospective component in older adults could underlie the dynamic deployment of different attentional resources supporting cue detection. Moreover, beta activity in both experiments might support an attempt exerted by older adults to enhance task coordination processes. Overall, cluster-based permutation analyses provided a first description of the changes of the EEG time-frequency responses related to intention retrieval in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianvito Laera
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research: LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives', Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland.
| | | | - Patrick D Gajewski
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Matthias Kliegel
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research: LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives', Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Hering
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
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12
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Mouthon AL, Meyer-Heim A, Huber R, Van Hedel HJA. Neural correlates of memory recovery: Preliminary findings in children and adolescents with acquired brain injury. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2021; 39:61-71. [PMID: 33579882 PMCID: PMC7990412 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-201140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: After acquired brain injury (ABI), patients show various neurological impairments and outcome is difficult to predict. Identifying biomarkers of recovery could provide prognostic information about a patient’s neural potential for recovery and improve our understanding of neural reorganization. In healthy subjects, sleep slow wave activity (SWA, EEG spectral power 1–4.5 Hz) has been linked to neuroplastic processes such as learning and brain maturation. Therefore, we suggest that SWA might be a suitable measure to investigate neural reorganization underlying memory recovery. Objectives: In the present study, we used SWA to investigate neural correlates of recovery of function in ten paediatric patients with ABI (age range 7–15 years). Methods: We recorded high-density EEG (128 electrodes) during sleep at the beginning and end of rehabilitation. We used sleep EEG data of 52 typically developing children to calculate age-normalized values for individual patients. In patients, we also assessed every-day life memory impairment at the beginning and end of rehabilitation. Results: In the course of rehabilitation, memory recovery was paralleled by longitudinal changes in SWA over posterior parietal brain areas. SWA over left prefrontal and occipital brain areas at the beginning of rehabilitation predicted memory recovery. Conclusions: We show that longitudinal sleep-EEG measurements are feasible in the clinical setting. While posterior parietal and prefrontal brain areas are known to belong to the memory “core network”, occipital brain areas have never been related to memory. While we have to remain cautious in interpreting preliminary findings, we suggest that SWA is a promising measure to investigate neural reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Mouthon
- Swiss Children's Rehab - Research Department and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Meyer-Heim
- Swiss Children's Rehab - Research Department and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reto Huber
- Child Development Centre and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hubertus J A Van Hedel
- Swiss Children's Rehab - Research Department and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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13
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Nurdal V, Wearn A, Knight M, Kauppinen R, Coulthard E. Prospective memory in prodromal Alzheimer's disease: Real world relevance and correlations with cortical thickness and hippocampal subfield volumes. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 26:102226. [PMID: 32151996 PMCID: PMC7063259 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prospective memory (PM) is a marker of independent living in Alzheimer's disease. PM requires cue identification (prospective component) and remembering what should happen in response to the cue (retrospective component). We assessed neuroanatomical basis and functional relevance of PM. METHODS 84 older participants (53-94 years old, 58% male) with or without Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) performed PM tests, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale and had a structural MRI of the brain to estimate for cortical thickness and hippocampal subfield volumes. A General Linear Model cluster analysis was carried out using FreeSurfer to determine which cortical regions were correlated with PM scores. RESULTS Both components of PM are impaired in MCI (p < .001). The retrospective component of PM correlates strongly with ADL (p = .005). Prospective component performance correlates positively with cortical thickness of bilateral frontal-temporal-parietal cortex and volume of CA1 of hippocampus. In contrast, the retrospective component performance correlates positively with cortical thickness of a right-lateralised fronto-temporal-parietal network and volumes of subiculum and CA3 hippocampal subfields. DISCUSSION Our neuroimaging findings complement and extend previous research into structural correlates of PM. Here, we show that there are distinct, yet, overlapping brain regions correlating with the two components of PM. PM performance provides a window into real-life functional abilities in people at risk of Alzheimer's disease and could be utilised as a marker of clinically relevant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Nurdal
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Alfie Wearn
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Michael Knight
- School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Risto Kauppinen
- School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Elizabeth Coulthard
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Clinical Neurosciences, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
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14
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Cona G, Chiossi F, Di Tomasso S, Pellegrino G, Piccione F, Bisiacchi P, Arcara G. Theta and alpha oscillations as signatures of internal and external attention to delayed intentions: A magnetoencephalography (MEG) study. Neuroimage 2020; 205:116295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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15
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Jones DJW, Harris JP, Butler LT, Vaux EC. A potential barrier to adherence? Memory for future intentions is impaired in hemodialysis patients. Hemodial Int 2019; 24:114-120. [PMID: 31650667 DOI: 10.1111/hdi.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION End-stage renal disease (ESRD) has been associated with a range of cognitive deficits, including impaired retrospective memory and attention. Prospective memory (PM) is memory for future intentions, such as remembering to take medication on time. Prospective memory has not been examined in any ESRD patients; yet, the implications upon diet and medication management could potentially have detrimental effects on patient welfare. This is the first study to examine PM in ESRD patients being treated with hemodialysis (HD). METHODS Hemodialysis patients (n = 18) were compared with age-matched and education-matched controls (n = 18) on a boardgame task that emulates a typical week of activities (i.e., grocery shopping, meetings with friends), requiring the participant to remember a series of upcoming tasks. Other measures were also examined, including general cognitive decline, measures of independent living, IQ, and mood. FINDINGS Patients recalled significantly fewer upcoming events than the control group, suggesting an impairment of PM. No significant relationship was found between PM performance and any other measures, suggesting the difference between groups is likely due to the effects of ESRD, HD treatment, or some associated comorbidity. DISCUSSION This is the first study to demonstrate a PM deficit in patients undergoing HD treatment. This finding contributes to the current knowledge of the cognitive profile of patients undergoing HD while also highlighting the implications that a PM deficit may have on patient quality of life. The finding may go some way to explaining variances in patients' ability to monitor and adhere to medication and dietary regimes and, ultimately, to live independently. The study also highlights the necessity of viewing treatment for ESRD as a holistic process to maximize patient well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J W Jones
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - John P Harris
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Laurie T Butler
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Emma C Vaux
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust, Reading, UK
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16
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Fellow travellers in cognitive evolution: Co-evolution of working memory and mental time travel? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 105:94-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Ruzich E, Crespo‐García M, Dalal SS, Schneiderman JF. Characterizing hippocampal dynamics with MEG: A systematic review and evidence-based guidelines. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:1353-1375. [PMID: 30378210 PMCID: PMC6456020 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus, a hub of activity for a variety of important cognitive processes, is a target of increasing interest for researchers and clinicians. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is an attractive technique for imaging spectro-temporal aspects of function, for example, neural oscillations and network timing, especially in shallow cortical structures. However, the decrease in MEG signal-to-noise ratio as a function of source depth implies that the utility of MEG for investigations of deeper brain structures, including the hippocampus, is less clear. To determine whether MEG can be used to detect and localize activity from the hippocampus, we executed a systematic review of the existing literature and found successful detection of oscillatory neural activity originating in the hippocampus with MEG. Prerequisites are the use of established experimental paradigms, adequate coregistration, forward modeling, analysis methods, optimization of signal-to-noise ratios, and protocol trial designs that maximize contrast for hippocampal activity while minimizing those from other brain regions. While localizing activity to specific sub-structures within the hippocampus has not been achieved, we provide recommendations for improving the reliability of such endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Ruzich
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and MedTech West, Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska Academy & the University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | | | - Sarang S. Dalal
- Center of Functionally Integrative NeuroscienceAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | - Justin F. Schneiderman
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and MedTech West, Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska Academy & the University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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18
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Garvie PA, Nichols SL, Williams PL, Harris LL, Kammerer B, Chernoff MC, Figueroa V, Woods SP. Development and reliability of the Prospective Memory Assessment for Children & Youth (PROMACY): A preliminary study in a nonclinical sample. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-CHILD 2018; 8:333-346. [PMID: 30295555 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2018.1486194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM), "remembering to remember," has been linked to important functional outcomes in adults. Studies of PM in children and adolescents would benefit from the development and validation of developmentally appropriate clinical measures with known psychometric properties. The Prospective Memory Assessment for Children & Youth (PROMACY), a performance-based measure of PM, was developed for the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study Adolescent Master Protocol, Memory and Executive Functioning Substudy, and includes Summary, Time-, and Event-based scores derived from eight trials with an ongoing word search task. Fifty-four healthy perinatally HIV-exposed, uninfected children and youth, mean age 13 years, 54% female, 76% Black/non-Hispanic, and 61% impoverished were included in this psychometric analysis. PROMACY Summary Scores demonstrated low, but broadly acceptable internal consistency as measured by Cronbach's alpha and Spearman-Brown. Better PROMACY performance was associated with older age, but no other demographic factors. Generally medium-sized correlations were observed between the PROMACY Summary Score and standard clinical measures of retrospective memory, working memory, executive functions, and IQ. Findings from this preliminary psychometric study of nonclinical children and youth provide cautious support for the internal consistency and construct validity of PROMACY's Summary Score that awaits replication and extension in larger samples of healthy children, youth and clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Garvie
- Research Department, Children's Diagnostic & Treatment Center , Fort Lauderdale , FLorida , USA
| | - Sharon L Nichols
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California , La Jolla , California , USA
| | - Paige L Williams
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Lynnette L Harris
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas , USA
| | - Betsy Kammerer
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Miriam C Chernoff
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Veronica Figueroa
- Department of Pediatrics, Mother-Child-Adolescent HIV Program, University of California San Diego , San Diego, California , USA
| | - Steven Paul Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California , San Diego , California , USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Houston , Houston , Texas , USA
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19
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Pu Y, Cheyne DO, Cornwell BR, Johnson BW. Non-invasive Investigation of Human Hippocampal Rhythms Using Magnetoencephalography: A Review. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:273. [PMID: 29755314 PMCID: PMC5932174 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal rhythms are believed to support crucial cognitive processes including memory, navigation, and language. Due to the location of the hippocampus deep in the brain, studying hippocampal rhythms using non-invasive magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings has generally been assumed to be methodologically challenging. However, with the advent of whole-head MEG systems in the 1990s and development of advanced source localization techniques, simulation and empirical studies have provided evidence that human hippocampal signals can be sensed by MEG and reliably reconstructed by source localization algorithms. This paper systematically reviews simulation studies and empirical evidence of the current capacities and limitations of MEG “deep source imaging” of the human hippocampus. Overall, these studies confirm that MEG provides a unique avenue to investigate human hippocampal rhythms in cognition, and can bridge the gap between animal studies and human hippocampal research, as well as elucidate the functional role and the behavioral correlates of human hippocampal oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Pu
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Douglas O Cheyne
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brian R Cornwell
- Brain and Psychological Sciences Research Centre, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Blake W Johnson
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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20
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Bhat NA, Sharma V, Kumar D. Prospective memory in obsessive compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2018; 261:124-131. [PMID: 29294457 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Studies on the nature and extent of prospective memory impairment in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder are relatively scarce. The present study examined prospective memory in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder in comparison to patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Prospective memory was assessed using Memory for Intentions Screening Test (MIST). Further, the participants were administered Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System Tower Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and Stroop Test for assessing their planning ability, mental flexibility and cognitive inhibition, respectively. Monitoring was assessed by frequency of clock checking. Results indicated that as compared to healthy controls, the patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder performed poorly on both time- and event-based prospective memory tasks, whereas, patients with schizophrenia performed poorly on time-based prospective memory task only. Further, both the patient groups had comparable performance across time- and event-based tasks. Results of error analysis indicated that patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder mainly committed no response and task substitution errors, whereas patients with schizophrenia committed no response errors. Except monitoring, none of the neurocognitive variables correlated with time or event-based prospective memory in any group. The findings are discussed in the light of their implications for retraining of prospective memory deficits in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseer Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore 560029, India.
| | - Vibha Sharma
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences, (IHBAS), Delhi 110095, India
| | - Devvarta Kumar
- Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore 560029, India
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21
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McFarland CP, Vasterling JJ. Prospective Memory in Depression: Review of an Emerging Field†. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2017; 33:912-930. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acx118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer J Vasterling
- Psychology Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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22
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Houck JM, Feldstein Ewing SW. Working memory capacity and addiction treatment outcomes in adolescents. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2017; 44:185-192. [PMID: 28726525 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2017.1344680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brief addiction treatments including motivational interviewing (MI) have shown promise with adolescents, but the factors that influence treatment efficacy in this population remain unknown. One candidate is working memory, the ability to hold a fact or thought in mind. This is relevant, as in therapy, a client must maintain and manipulate ideas while working with a clinician. Working memory depends upon brain structures and functions that change markedly during neurodevelopment and that can be negatively impacted by substance use. OBJECTIVES In a secondary analysis of data from a clinical trial for adolescent substance use comparing alcohol/marijuana education and MI, we evaluated the relationship between working memory and three-month treatment-outcomes with the hypothesis that the relationship between intervention conditions and outcome would be moderated by working memory. METHODS With a diverse sample of adolescents currently using alcohol and/or marijuana (N = 153, 64.7% male, 70.6% Hispanic), we examined the relationship between baseline measures of working memory and alcohol and cannabis-related problem scores measured at the three-month follow-up. RESULTS The results showed that lower working memory scores were associated with poorer treatment response only for alcohol use, and only within the education group. No relationship was found between working memory and treatment outcomes in the MI group. CONCLUSION The results suggest that issues with working memory capacity may interfere with adolescents' ability to process and implement didactic alcohol and marijuana content in standard education interventions. These results also suggest that MI can be implemented equally effectively across the range of working memory functioning in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon M Houck
- a Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , NM , USA
| | - Sarah W Feldstein Ewing
- b Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry , Oregon Health & Science University , Portland , OR , USA
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23
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Zhou FC, Wang CY, Ungvari GS, Ng CH, Zhou Y, Zhang L, Zhou J, Shum DHK, Man D, Liu DT, Li J, Xiang YT. Longitudinal changes in prospective memory and their clinical correlates at 1-year follow-up in first-episode schizophrenia. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172114. [PMID: 28245266 PMCID: PMC5330457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate prospective memory (PM) and the association with clinical factors at 1-year follow-up in first-episode schizophrenia (FES). Thirty-two FES patients recruited from a university-affiliated psychiatric hospital in Beijing and 17 healthy community controls (HCs) were included. Time- and event-based PM (TBPM and EBPM) performances were measured with the Chinese version of the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test (C-CAMPROMPT) at baseline and at one-year follow-up. A number of other neurocognitive tests were also administered. Remission was determined at the endpoint according to the PANSS score ≤ 3 for selected items. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a significant interaction between time (baseline vs. endpoint) and group (FES vs. HCs) for EBPM (F(1, 44) = 8.8, p = 0.005) and for all neurocognitive components. Paired samples t-tests showed significant improvement in EBPM in FES (13.1±3.7 vs. 10.3±4.8; t = 3.065, p = 0.004), compared to HCs (15.7±3.6 vs. 16.5±2.3; t = -1.248, p = 0.230). A remission rate of 59.4% was found in the FES group. Analysis of covariance revealed that remitters performed significantly better on EBPM (14.9±2.6 vs. 10.4±3.6; F(1, 25) = 12.2, p = 0.002) than non-remitters at study endpoint. The association between EBPM and 12-month clinical improvement in FES suggests that EBPM may be a potential neurocognitive marker for the effectiveness of standard pharmacotherapy. Furthermore, the findings also imply that PM may not be strictly a trait-related endophenotype as indicated in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chun Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan-Yue Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gabor S. Ungvari
- The University of Notre Dame Australia / Marian Centre, Perth, Australia
- School of Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Chee H. Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - David H. K. Shum
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Man
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Deng-Tang Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
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Zhang Y, Wang W, Cai S, Sheng Q, Pan S, Shen F, Tang Q, Liu Y. Obstructive sleep apnea exaggerates cognitive dysfunction in stroke patients. Sleep Med 2017; 33:183-190. [PMID: 28291701 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2016.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is very common in stroke survivors. It potentially worsens the cognitive dysfunction and inhibits their functional recovery. However, whether OSA independently damages the cognitive function in stroke patients is unclear. A simple method for evaluating OSA-induced cognitive impairment is also missing. METHODS Forty-four stroke patients six weeks after onset and 24 non-stroke patients with snoring were recruited for the polysomnographic study of OSA and sleep architecture. Their cognitive status was evaluated with a validated Chinese version of Cambridge Prospective Memory Test. The relationship between memory deficits and respiratory, sleeping, and dementia-related clinical variables were analyzed with correlation and multiple linear regression tests. RESULTS OSA significantly and independently damaged time- and event-based prospective memory in stroke patients, although it had less power than the stroke itself. The impairment of prospective memory was correlated with increased apnea-hypopnea index, decreased minimal and mean levels of peripheral oxygen saturation, and disrupted sleeping continuity (reduced sleep efficiency and increased microarousal index). The further regression analysis identified minimal levels of peripheral oxygen saturation and sleep efficiency to be the two most important predictors for the decreased time-based prospective memory in stroke patients. CONCLUSIONS OSA independently contributes to the cognitive dysfunction in stroke patients, potentially through OSA-caused hypoxemia and sleeping discontinuity. The prospective memory test is a simple but sensitive method to detect OSA-induced cognitive impairment in stroke patients. Proper therapies of OSA might improve the cognitive function and increase the life quality of stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 215300 Kunshan, China; Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, 215300 Kunshan, China.
| | - Wanhua Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 215300 Kunshan, China; Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, 215300 Kunshan, China
| | - Sijie Cai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 215300 Kunshan, China
| | - Qi Sheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 215300 Kunshan, China
| | - Shenggui Pan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 215300 Kunshan, China
| | - Fang Shen
- Department of Neurology, The Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 215300 Kunshan, China; Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, 215300 Kunshan, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 215300 Kunshan, China; Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, 215300 Kunshan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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Aksentijevic A, Treider JMG. It’s all in the past: Deconstructing the temporal Doppler effect. Cognition 2016; 155:135-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Peira N, Ziaei M, Persson J. Age differences in brain systems supporting transient and sustained processes involved in prospective memory and working memory. Neuroimage 2016; 125:745-755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Underwood AG, Guynn MJ, Cohen AL. The Future Orientation of Past Memory: The Role of BA 10 in Prospective and Retrospective Retrieval Modes. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 9:668. [PMID: 26733844 PMCID: PMC4689857 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Klein made the provocative suggestion that the purpose of human episodic memory is to enable individuals to plan and prepare for the future. In other words, although episodic (retrospective) memory is about the past, it is not actually for the past; it is for the future. Within this focus, a natural subject for investigation is prospective memory, or memory to do things in the future. An important theoretical construct in the fields of both retrospective memory and prospective memory is that of a retrieval mode, or a neurocognitive set or readiness to treat environmental stimuli as potential retrieval cues. This construct was originally introduced in a theory of episodic (retrospective) memory and has more recently been invoked in a theory of how some prospective memory tasks are accomplished. To our knowledge, this construct has not been explicitly compared between the two literatures, and thus this is the purpose of the present article. Although we address the behavioral evidence for each construct, our primary goal is to assess the extent to which each retrieval mode appears to rely on a common neural region. Our review highlights the fact that a particular area of prefrontal cortex (BA 10) appears to play an important role in both retrospective and prospective retrieval modes. We suggest, based on this evidence and these ideas, that prospective memory research could profit from more active exploration of the relevance of theoretical constructs from the retrospective memory literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam G Underwood
- Department of Psychology, New Mexico State University Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Melissa J Guynn
- Department of Psychology, New Mexico State University Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Anna-Lisa Cohen
- Department of Psychology, Yeshiva University New York, NY, USA
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Dermody N, Hornberger M, Piguet O, Hodges JR, Irish M. Prospective Memory Impairments in Alzheimer’s Disease and Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia: Clinical and Neural Correlates. J Alzheimers Dis 2015; 50:425-41. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-150871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadene Dermody
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
- School of Psychology, the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Hornberger
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Olivier Piguet
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - John R. Hodges
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Muireann Irish
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
- School of Psychology, the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Sydney, Australia
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Allen TA, Morris AM, Stark SM, Fortin NJ, Stark CEL. Memory for sequences of events impaired in typical aging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:138-48. [PMID: 25691514 PMCID: PMC4340129 DOI: 10.1101/lm.036301.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Typical aging is associated with diminished episodic memory performance. To improve our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underlying this age-related memory deficit, we previously developed an integrated, cross-species approach to link converging evidence from human and animal research. This novel approach focuses on the ability to remember sequences of events, an important feature of episodic memory. Unlike existing paradigms, this task is nonspatial, nonverbal, and can be used to isolate different cognitive processes that may be differentially affected in aging. Here, we used this task to make a comprehensive comparison of sequence memory performance between younger (18-22 yr) and older adults (62-86 yr). Specifically, participants viewed repeated sequences of six colored, fractal images and indicated whether each item was presented "in sequence" or "out of sequence." Several out of sequence probe trials were used to provide a detailed assessment of sequence memory, including: (i) repeating an item from earlier in the sequence ("Repeats"; e.g., AB A: DEF), (ii) skipping ahead in the sequence ("Skips"; e.g., AB D: DEF), and (iii) inserting an item from a different sequence into the same ordinal position ("Ordinal Transfers"; e.g., AB 3: DEF). We found that older adults performed as well as younger controls when tested on well-known and predictable sequences, but were severely impaired when tested using novel sequences. Importantly, overall sequence memory performance in older adults steadily declined with age, a decline not detected with other measures (RAVLT or BPS-O). We further characterized this deficit by showing that performance of older adults was severely impaired on specific probe trials that required detailed knowledge of the sequence (Skips and Ordinal Transfers), and was associated with a shift in their underlying mnemonic representation of the sequences. Collectively, these findings provide unambiguous evidence that the capacity to remember sequences of events is fundamentally affected by typical aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A Allen
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory and Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-3800, USA
| | - Andrea M Morris
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory and Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-3800, USA Department of Health Policy and Management, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1772, USA
| | - Shauna M Stark
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory and Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-3800, USA
| | - Norbert J Fortin
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory and Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-3800, USA
| | - Craig E L Stark
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory and Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-3800, USA
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Sahu A, Christman SD. Handedness differences observed in episodic memory retrieval do not extend to the domain of prospective memory. Brain Cogn 2014; 92C:118-122. [PMID: 25463146 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A robust inconsistent handed advantage exists for episodic retrospective memory processes. The current study was undertaken to test whether this handedness difference extends to the domain of prospective memory (PM). Two studies, one based on a self-report measure (the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire) and the second involving a performance-based test (Memory for Intentions Screening Test), were carried out. Handedness effects were absent for both measures of PM. The absence of a handedness effect strongly suggests that PM processes are primarily characterized by executing intentions that depend on semantic networks for retrieval and do not necessarily rely on recalling spatio-temporal context, as is the case with episodic retrospective memory.
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Mahy CE, Moses LJ, Kliegel M. The development of prospective memory in children: An executive framework. DEVELOPMENTAL REVIEW 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dr.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Marstaller L, Burianová H, Sowman PF. High gamma oscillations in medial temporal lobe during overt production of speech and gestures. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111473. [PMID: 25340347 PMCID: PMC4207813 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of the production of co-speech gestures (CSGs), i.e., meaningful hand movements that often accompany speech during everyday discourse, provides an important opportunity to investigate the integration of language, action, and memory because of the semantic overlap between gesture movements and speech content. Behavioral studies of CSGs and speech suggest that they have a common base in memory and predict that overt production of both speech and CSGs would be preceded by neural activity related to memory processes. However, to date the neural correlates and timing of CSG production are still largely unknown. In the current study, we addressed these questions with magnetoencephalography and a semantic association paradigm in which participants overtly produced speech or gesture responses that were either meaningfully related to a stimulus or not. Using spectral and beamforming analyses to investigate the neural activity preceding the responses, we found a desynchronization in the beta band (15-25 Hz), which originated 900 ms prior to the onset of speech and was localized to motor and somatosensory regions in the cortex and cerebellum, as well as right inferior frontal gyrus. Beta desynchronization is often seen as an indicator of motor processing and thus reflects motor activity related to the hand movements that gestures add to speech. Furthermore, our results show oscillations in the high gamma band (50-90 Hz), which originated 400 ms prior to speech onset and were localized to the left medial temporal lobe. High gamma oscillations have previously been found to be involved in memory processes and we thus interpret them to be related to contextual association of semantic information in memory. The results of our study show that high gamma oscillations in medial temporal cortex play an important role in the binding of information in human memory during speech and CSG production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Marstaller
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Science of Learning Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Hana Burianová
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul F. Sowman
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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Functional correlates of prospective memory in stroke. Neuropsychologia 2014; 60:77-83. [PMID: 24892223 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prospective memory is the ability to remember actions to be performed later in time or when a certain event occurs. Multiple cognitive processes are involved in prospective memory, and the degree to which automatic or effortful processes are involved may differ for different types of prospective memory tasks. This study aimed to investigate prospective memory (dys)functioning in stroke patients, and to get more insight in which cognitive processes are involved in time- versus event-based prospective memory. METHODS We investigated 39 community-dwelling stroke survivors and 53 matched control participants. Assessment included naturalistic and experimental event- and time-based prospective memory tasks, as well as standard neuropsychological measures of (retrospective) memory, processing speed and attention/executive functioning. RESULTS 41% of the stroke patients performed significantly worse than control participants on prospective memory tasks. Deficits in prospective memory occurred as frequently as impairments in retrospective memory (33%, χ(2)(1, N=39)=3.4, p=.066), and more often than impairments in attention/executive functioning (15%, χ(2)(1, N=39)=5.2, p=.022) and speed of processing (23%, χ(2)(1, N=39)=6.5, p=.011). Regression analyses showed that event-based ('focal') prospective memory is supported by retrospective memory, indicating that it is a relatively simple and automatic process. Time-based (non-'focal') prospective memory proved to be a more complex process, requiring active monitoring of the environment. Performance was predicted by speed of processing, attention/executive functioning and retrospective memory. Thirteen percent of the patients suffered from selective prospective memory impairment, which was associated with damage to the superior temporal gyrus. CONCLUSIONS Impairment of prospective memory occurs frequently after stroke. Different cognitive operations are involved in distinct types of prospective memory. Results fit within the multi-process framework of prospective memory and help further specify its contents.
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Robey A, Buckingham-Howes S, Salmeron BJ, Black MM, Riggins T. Relations among prospective memory, cognitive abilities, and brain structure in adolescents who vary in prenatal drug exposure. J Exp Child Psychol 2014; 127:144-62. [PMID: 24630759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This investigation examined how prospective memory (PM) relates to cognitive abilities (i.e., executive function, attention, working memory, and retrospective memory) and brain structure in adolescents who vary in prenatal drug exposure (PDE). The sample consisted of 105 (55 female and 50 male) urban, primarily African American adolescents (mean age=15.5 years) from low socioeconomic status (SES) families. Approximately 56% (n=59) were prenatally exposed to drugs (heroin and/or cocaine) and 44% (n=46) were not prenatally exposed, but the adolescents were similar in age, gender, race, and SES. Executive functioning, attentional control, working memory, retrospective memory, and overall cognitive ability were assessed by validated performance measures. Executive functioning was also measured by caregiver report. A subset of 52 adolescents completed MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans, which provided measures of subcortical gray matter volumes and thickness of prefrontal, parietal, and temporal cortices. Results revealed no differences in PM performance by PDE status, even after adjusting for age and IQ. Executive function, retrospective memory, cortical thickness in frontal and parietal regions, and volume of subcortical regions (i.e., putamen and hippocampus) were related to PM performance in the sample overall, even after adjusting for age, IQ, and total gray matter volume. Findings suggest that variations in PM ability during adolescence are robustly related to individual differences in cognitive abilities, in particular executive function and retrospective memory, and brain structure, but do not vary by PDE status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Robey
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland-College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | | | - Betty Jo Salmeron
- National Institute on Drug Abuse-Intramural Research Program (NIDA-IRP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Maureen M Black
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 20201, USA
| | - Tracy Riggins
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland-College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Gonneaud J, Rauchs G, Groussard M, Landeau B, Mézenge F, de La Sayette V, Eustache F, Desgranges B. How do we process event-based and time-based intentions in the brain? an fMRI study of prospective memory in healthy individuals. Hum Brain Mapp 2013; 35:3066-82. [PMID: 24214215 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM) refers to the ability to remember to do something in the future, either in response to an event (event-based) or after a certain amount of time has elapsed (time-based). While the distinction between event- and time-based PM is widely acknowledged in the literature, little is known about the processes they share and those they do not. This is particularly true concerning their brain substrates, as almost all neuroimaging studies so far have focused on event-based PM. We proposed a functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm assessing both event-based and time-based PM to 20 healthy young individuals. Analyses revealed that event- and time-based PM both induced activation in the posterior frontal and parietal cortices, and deactivation in the medial rostral prefrontal cortex. In addition, activation more specific to each condition, which may underlie differences in strategic monitoring, was highlighted. Thus, occipital areas were more activated during event-based PM, probably reflecting target-checking, while a network comprising the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the cuneus/precuneus and, to a lesser extent, the inferior parietal lobule, superior temporal gyrus, and the cerebellum, was more activated in time-based PM, which may reflect the involvement of time-estimation processes. These results confirm the allocation of attentional resources to the maintenance of intention for event-based and time-based PM, as well as the engagement of distinct mechanisms reflecting the monitoring strategies specific to each condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Gonneaud
- INSERM, U1077, Caen, France; Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France; CHU de Caen, U1077, Caen, France
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Foster ER, Rose NS, McDaniel MA, Rendell PG. Prospective memory in Parkinson disease during a virtual week: effects of both prospective and retrospective demands. Neuropsychology 2013; 27:170-81. [PMID: 23527645 DOI: 10.1037/a0031946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effect of Parkinson's disease (PD) on event-based prospective memory tasks with varying demand on (1) the amount of strategic attentional monitoring required for intention retrieval (prospective component), and (2) the retrospective memory processes required to remember the contents of the intention or the entire constellation of prospective memory tasks. METHOD Twenty-four older adults with PD and 28 healthy older adults performed the computerized Virtual Week task, a multi-intention prospective memory paradigm that simulates everyday prospective memory tasks. The Virtual Week included regular (low retrospective memory demand) and irregular (high retrospective memory demand) prospective memory tasks with cues that were focal (low strategic monitoring demand) or less focal (high strategic monitoring demand) to the ongoing activity. RESULTS For the regular prospective memory tasks, PD participants were impaired when the prospective memory cues were less focal. For the irregular prospective memory tasks, PD participants were impaired regardless of prospective memory cue type. PD participants also had impaired retrospective memory for irregular tasks, which was associated with worse prospective memory for these tasks during the Virtual Week. CONCLUSIONS When retrospective memory demands are minimized, prospective memory in PD can be supported by cues that reduce the executive control demands of intention retrieval. However, PD-related deficits in self-initiated encoding or planning processes have strong negative effects on the performance of prospective memory tasks, with increased retrospective memory demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin R Foster
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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APOE E4 Carriers show prospective memory enhancement under nicotine, and evidence for specialisation within medial BA10. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013; 38:655-63. [PMID: 23232444 PMCID: PMC3572462 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2012.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence to suggest that the APOE ɛ4 allele (which confers an increased risk of developing dementia) might be associated with cognitive advantages earlier in life. Further, nicotine might selectively benefit ɛ4 carriers. We used fMRI to explore performance on a prospective memory (PM) task in young adults (age 18-30) with and without nicotine using a within-subjects design. Participants performed an ongoing task while retaining a PM instruction to respond to specific stimuli embedded in the task. Nicotine effects varied according to APOE status. Reaction times to the PM cue were improved under nicotine in ɛ4 carriers, but not in ɛ3 carriers. In an event-related analysis, extrastriate responses to PM trials were enhanced by nicotine only in ɛ4 carriers. These differences in early visual processing may contribute to the behavioral findings. Activity in medial BA10 (previously implicated in PM) differentiated ɛ4 from ɛ3 carriers. One BA10 subregion showed greater deactivation in ɛ4 carriers during PM trials. Activity in other BA10 subregions was modulated by PM reaction time, pointing to region-specific effects within medial BA10. In addition, activity in right hippocampal formation was only seen in ɛ4 carriers receiving nicotine. These results demonstrate that cognitive enhancement by nicotine can selectively benefit APOE ɛ4 carriers, and point to genotype-specific differences in neural activity during PM. In addition, these results show that the role of medial BA10 in PM likely involves varying contributions from functionally specific subregions.
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Hung Y, Smith ML, Taylor MJ. Functional dissociations in prefrontal-hippocampal working memory systems. Cortex 2012; 49:961-7. [PMID: 22749844 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2012.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The frontal lobe and hippocampal regions are critically involved in memory processing, yet there are limited data providing the timing information that identifies the nature and specific roles of these regions in memory tasks. The present study investigated event-related neural activity using magnetoencephalography (MEG) with a visual working memory (WM) paradigm. Results showed prefrontal and hippocampal activations dissociated in timing, and with different levels of memory processing. We identified sustained frontal polar activation sensitive to correct recognition of repeated stimuli, differentiated from rapid responses of the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex to the encoding of novel stimuli, during tasks of higher memory demand. We also found early, left hippocampal activation during immediate encoding, versus later, right hippocampal activation during immediate recognition, in tasks of lower memory load. The present MEG data provide valuable timing information on processes in WM, offering new insights into functional specializations of the prefrontal - hippocampal WM systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Hung
- Diagnostic Imaging, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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Gao JL, Cheung RTF, Chan YS, Chu LW, Lee TMC. Increased prospective memory interference in normal and pathological aging: different roles of motor and verbal processing speed. AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2012; 20:80-100. [PMID: 22486785 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2012.672948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This is a study on prospective memory (PM) and the PM interference effect in normal and pathological aging. One hundred and seven subjects, including 41 healthy young adults, 40 non-demented older adults and 26 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) participated in this study using a laboratory event-based PM task. PM task performance was comparable between the non-demented older and young adults, but impaired in the AD patients. The PM interference effect increased progressively from the healthy young adults, the non-demented older adults, to the AD patients. Path analysis revealed that the possible mechanism mediating the increased PM interference was the slow motor processing speed in normal aging, while it was the slow verbal speed in pathological aging. It is suggested that different neuropsychological mechanisms may underpin the affected performance of PM task in normal and pathological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Gao
- Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Montgomery C, Seddon AL, Fisk JE, Murphy PN, Jansari A. Cannabis-related deficits in real-world memory. Hum Psychopharmacol 2012; 27:217-25. [PMID: 22389086 DOI: 10.1002/hup.1273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research shows that cannabis users exhibit deficits in prospective memory (PM) and executive function, which persist beyond acute intoxication. However, many studies rely on self-reports of memory failures or use laboratory-based measures that may not mimic functional deficits in the real world. The present study aimed to assess real-world memory functioning. METHOD Twenty cannabis-only users and 20 non-illicit drug users were recruited. Participants completed a substance use inventory and a mood scale, followed by a non-immersive virtual reality task assessing PM and executive functioning. The task involved the participant playing the role of an office worker for the day and performing routine office duties. A number of subscales were used to assess facets of executive function (planning, adaptive thinking, creative thinking, selection, prioritisation) and PM (time-based, event-based and action-based PM). RESULTS Multivariate analysis of variance revealed cannabis users performed worse overall on the task, with poor performance on the planning, time-based PM and event-based PM subscales. In addition, indices of cannabis (length, dose, frequency, total use) were correlated with performance on these three subscales. CONCLUSIONS The present study expands on previously established research, providing support for the cannabis-related deficits in PM and executive functioning, and the role of different aspects of cannabis use in these deficits.
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Mills T, Lalancette M, Moses SN, Taylor MJ, Quraan MA. Techniques for Detection and Localization of Weak Hippocampal and Medial Frontal Sources Using Beamformers in MEG. Brain Topogr 2012; 25:248-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s10548-012-0217-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Gordon BA, Shelton JT, Bugg JM, McDaniel MA, Head D. Structural correlates of prospective memory. Neuropsychologia 2011; 49:3795-800. [PMID: 21982698 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM) includes the encoding and maintenance of an intention, and the retrieval and execution of this intention at the proper moment in the future. The present study expands upon previous behavioral, electrophysiological, and functional work by examining the association between grey matter volume and PM. Estimates of grey matter volume in theoretically relevant regions of interest (prefrontal, parietal, and medial temporal) were obtained in conjunction with performance on two PM tasks in a sample of 39 cognitively normal and very mildly demented older adults. The first PM task, termed focal in the literature, is supported by spontaneous retrieval of the PM intention whereas the second, termed non-focal, relies on strategic monitoring processes for successful intention retrieval. A positive relationship was observed between medial temporal volume and accuracy on the focal PM task. An examination of medial temporal lobe subregions revealed that this relationship was strongest for the hippocampus, which is considered to support spontaneous memory retrieval. There were no significant structure-behavior associations for the non-focal PM task. These novel results confirm a relationship between behavior and underlying brain structure proposed by the multiprocess theory of PM, and extend findings on cognitive correlates of medial temporal lobe integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Gordon
- Department of Psychology, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63130, United States.
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Quraan MA, Moses SN, Hung Y, Mills T, Taylor MJ. Detection and localization of hippocampal activity using beamformers with MEG: a detailed investigation using simulations and empirical data. Hum Brain Mapp 2011; 32:812-27. [PMID: 21484951 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.21068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to detect neuronal activity emanating from deep brain structures such as the hippocampus using magnetoencephalography has been debated in the literature. While a significant number of recent publications reported activations from deep brain structures, others reported their inability to detect such activity even when other detection modalities confirmed its presence. In this article, we relied on realistic simulations to show that both sides of this debate are correct and that these findings are reconcilable. We show that the ability to detect such activations in evoked responses depends on the signal strength, the amount of brain noise background, the experimental design parameters, and the methodology used to detect them. Furthermore, we show that small signal strengths require contrasts with control conditions to be detected, particularly in the presence of strong brain noise backgrounds. We focus on one localization technique, the adaptive spatial filter (beamformer), and examine its strengths and weaknesses in reconstructing hippocampal activations, in the presence of other strong brain sources such as visual activations, and compare the performance of the vector and scalar beamformers under such conditions. We show that although a weight-normalized beamformer combined with a multisphere head model is not biased in the presence of uncorrelated random noise, it can be significantly biased in the presence of correlated brain noise. Furthermore, we show that the vector beamformer performs significantly better than the scalar under such conditions. We corroborate our findings empirically using real data and demonstrate our ability to detect and localize such sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher A Quraan
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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West R. The temporal dynamics of prospective memory: A review of the ERP and prospective memory literature. Neuropsychologia 2011; 49:2233-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2010] [Revised: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hadjiefthyvoulou F, Fisk JE, Montgomery C, Bridges N. Prospective memory functioning among ecstasy/polydrug users: evidence from the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test (CAMPROMPT). Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2011; 215:761-74. [PMID: 21301817 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2174-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Prospective memory (PM) deficits in recreational drug users have been documented in recent years. However, the assessment of PM has largely been restricted to self-reported measures that fail to capture the distinction between event-based and time-based PM. The aim of the present study is to address this limitation. OBJECTIVES Extending our previous research, we augmented the range laboratory measures of PM by employing the CAMPROMPT test battery to investigate the impact of illicit drug use on prospective remembering in a sample of cannabis only, ecstasy/polydrug and non-users of illicit drugs, separating event and time-based PM performance. We also administered measures of executive function and retrospective memory in order to establish whether ecstasy/polydrug deficits in PM were mediated by group differences in these processes. RESULTS Ecstasy/polydrug users performed significantly worse on both event and time-based prospective memory tasks in comparison to both cannabis only and non-user groups. Furthermore, it was found that across the whole sample, better retrospective memory and executive functioning was associated with superior PM performance. Nevertheless, this association did not mediate the drug-related effects that were observed. Consistent with our previous study, recreational use of cocaine was linked to PM deficits. CONCLUSIONS PM deficits have again been found among ecstasy/polydrug users, which appear to be unrelated to group differences in executive function and retrospective memory. However, the possibility that these are attributable to cocaine use cannot be excluded.
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Rusted J, Ruest T, Gray MA. Acute effects of nicotine administration during prospective memory, an event related fMRI study. Neuropsychologia 2011; 49:2362-8. [PMID: 21530557 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that stimulating neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors modulates prospective memory (PM), the ability to remember and implement a prior intention. Here we used fMRI to explore the neuronal correlates of acute nicotinic (1mg) modulation during PM, employing a double blind, valence-matched placebo-controlled design, and a solely event-related analysis. Eight healthy adults completed on two occasions (1 week washout) a simple attentional task containing infrequent PM trials. PM activated bilateral parietal, prefrontal (BA10) and anterior cingulate, and deactivated genual cingulate and medial prefrontal regions. Further, acute nicotine administration decreased activity within a largely overlapping right parietal region. This data validates a purely event-related approach to exploring PM, and suggests procholinergic modulation of PM by parietal rather than BA10/frontal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Rusted
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QG, United Kingdom.
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Burgess PW, Gonen-Yaacovi G, Volle E. Functional neuroimaging studies of prospective memory: what have we learnt so far? Neuropsychologia 2011; 49:2246-57. [PMID: 21329712 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The complexity of the behaviour described by the term "prospective memory" meant that it was not at all clear, when the earliest studies were conducted, that this would prove a fruitful area for neuroimaging study. However, a consistent relation rapidly emerged between activation in rostral prefrontal cortex (approximating Brodmann Area 10) and performance of prospective memory paradigms. This consistency has greatly increased the accumulation of findings, since each study has offered perspectives on the previous ones. Considerable help too has come from broad agreement between functional neuroimaging findings and those from other methods (e.g. human lesion studies, electrophysiology). The result has been a quite startling degree of advance given the relatively few studies that have been conducted. These findings are summarised, along with those from other brain regions, and new directions suggested. Key points are that there is a medial-lateral dissociation within rostral PFC. Some (but not all) regions of medial rostral PFC are typically more active during performance of the ongoing task only, and lateral aspects are relatively more active during conditions involving delayed intentions. Some of these rostral PFC activations seem remarkably insensitive to the form of stimulus material presented, the nature of the ongoing task, the specifics of the intention, how easy or hard the PM cue is to detect, or the intended action is to recall. However there are other regions within rostral PFC where haemodynamic changes vary with alterations in these, and other, aspects of prospective memory paradigms. It is concluded that rostral PFC most likely plays a super-ordinate role during many stages of creating, maintaining and enacting delayed intentions, which in some cases may be linked to recent evidence showing that this brain region is involved in the control of stimulus-oriented vs. stimulus-independent attending. Other key brain regions activated during prospective memory paradigms appear to be the parietal lobe, especially Brodmann Area (BA) 40 and precuneus (BA 7), and the anterior cingulate (BA 32). These regions are often co-activated with lateral rostral PFC across a wide range of tasks, not just those involving prospective memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W Burgess
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience - UCL (University College London), 17 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AR, UK.
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McDaniel MA, Einstein GO. The neuropsychology of prospective memory in normal aging: a componential approach. Neuropsychologia 2010; 49:2147-55. [PMID: 21192957 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
To guide understanding of the neuropsychology of prospective memory and aging, we highlight several components of prospective memory, including planning an intended action, retrieving the action at the appropriate moment, and executing the action. We posit that frontal systems are particularly important for prospective memory tasks that require planning, that require strategic monitoring to detect the appropriate moment for executing the prospective memory intention, or for which execution of the retrieved intention must be delayed briefly. Drawing from a variety of approaches, including neuroimaging (with young adults) and studies examining individual differences relating to frontal functioning, we assemble preliminary evidence that supports this hypothesis. Further, because aging especially disrupts frontal functioning, the above noted prospective memory tasks would thus be expected to display the greatest age-related decline. The available literature confirms this expectation. A second key hypothesis is that some prospective memory tasks--those requiring minimal planning and supporting spontaneous retrieval--do not rely extensively on frontal processes but instead rely on medial-temporal structures for reflexive retrieval. These prospective memory tasks tend to show minimal or no age-related decline. The literature, though sparse with regard to the neuropsychological underpinnings of this kind of prospective memory task, is consistent with the present hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A McDaniel
- Department of Psychology, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1125, St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, USA.
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Letham B, Raij T. Statistically robust measurement of evoked response onset latencies. J Neurosci Methods 2010; 194:374-9. [PMID: 20974175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2010] [Revised: 10/10/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Onset latencies of evoked responses are useful for determining delays in sensory pathways and for indicating spread of activity between brain areas, therefore inferring causality. Previous studies have applied several different methods and parameters for detecting onsets, mainly utilizing thresholds based on the mean and standard deviation (SD) of the pre-stimulus "baseline" time window, or using t-tests of group data to determine when the response first differs significantly from the baseline. However, these methods are not statistically robust, have low power when the baseline data are not normally distributed, and are heavily influenced by outliers in the baseline. Here, we examine using a modified boxplot method known as the "median rule" for determining onset latencies. This rule makes no assumptions about the baseline distribution, is resistant to outliers, and can be applied to individual level data therefore allowing intersubject and interregional comparisons. We first show with simulations that the median rule is significantly less sensitive to outliers in the baseline than the SD method. We then use simulations to demonstrate the effect of skewness on onset latencies. Finally, we use magnetoencephalography (MEG) to show that the median rule can be easily applied to real data and gives reasonable results. In most situations the different methods give similar results, which enhances comparability across studies, but in data sets with a high noise level there is a clear advantage to using a statistically robust method. In conclusion, the median rule is an excellent method for estimating onset latencies in evoked responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Letham
- MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MA, USA
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Leirer VM, Wienbruch C, Paul-Jordanov I, Kolassa S, Elbert T, Kolassa IT. Hippocampal activity during the transverse patterning task declines with cognitive competence but not with age. BMC Neurosci 2010; 11:113. [PMID: 20825663 PMCID: PMC2944355 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-11-113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2009] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The hippocampus is a brain region that is particularly affected by age-related morphological changes. It is generally assumed that a loss in hippocampal volume results in functional deficits that contribute to age-related cognitive decline. In a combined cross-sectional behavioural and magnetoencephalography (MEG) study we investigated whether hippocampal-associated neural current flow during a transverse patterning task - which requires learning relational associations between stimuli - correlates with age and whether it is modulated by cognitive competence. Results Better performance in several tests of verbal memory, verbal fluency and executive function was indeed associated with higher hippocampal neural activity. Age, however, was not related to the strength of hippocampal neural activity: elderly participants responded slower than younger individuals but on average produced the same neural mass activity. Conclusions Our results suggest that in non-pathological aging, hippocampal neural activity does not decrease with age but is rather related to cognitive competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera M Leirer
- Clinical Psychology & Neuropsychology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstr, 10, Konstanz, Germany.
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