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Havlena GT, Kapadia NS, Huang P, Song H, Engles J, Brechbiel M, Sgouros G, Wahl RL. Cure of Micrometastatic B-Cell Lymphoma in a SCID Mouse Model Using 213Bi-Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody. J Nucl Med 2023; 64:109-116. [PMID: 35981897 PMCID: PMC9841256 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.122.263962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the feasibility of using the α-emitting 213Bi-anti-CD20 therapy with direct bioluminescent tracking of micrometastatic human B-cell lymphoma in a SCID mouse model. Methods: A highly lethal SCID mouse model of minimal-tumor-burden disseminated non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) was established using human Raji lymphoma cells transfected to express the luciferase reporter. In vitro and in vivo radioimmunotherapy experiments were conducted. Single- and multiple-dose regimens were explored, and results with 213Bi-rituximab were compared with various controls, including no treatment, free 213Bi radiometal, unlabeled rituximab, and 213Bi-labeled anti-HER2/neu (non-CD20-specific antibody). 213Bi-rituximab was also compared in vivo with the low-energy β-emitter 131I-tositumomab and the high-energy β-emitter 90Y-rituximab. Results: In vitro studies showed dose-dependent target-specific killing of lymphoma cells with 213Bi-rituximab. Multiple in vivo studies showed significant and specific tumor growth delays with 213Bi-rituximab versus free 213Bi, 213Bi-labeled control antibody, or unlabeled rituximab. Redosing of 213Bi-rituximab was more effective than single dosing. With a single dose of therapy given 4 d after intravenous tumor inoculation, disease in all untreated controls, and in all mice in the 925-kBq 90Y-rituximab group, progressed. With 3,700 kBq of 213Bi-rituximab, 75% of the mice survived and all but 1 survivor was cured. With 2,035 kBq of 131I-tositumomab, 75% of the mice were tumor-free by bioluminescent imaging and 62.5% survived. Conclusion: Cure of micrometastatic NHL is achieved in most animals treated 4 d after intravenous tumor inoculation using either 213Bi-rituximab or 131I-tositumomab, in contrast to the lack of cures with unlabeled rituximab or 90Y-rituximab or if there was a high tumor burden before radioimmunotherapy. α-emitter-labeled anti-CD20 antibodies are promising therapeutics for NHL, although a longer-lived α-emitter may be of greater efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peng Huang
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hong Song
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - James Engles
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - George Sgouros
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Richard L. Wahl
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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2
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Malenge MM, Maaland AF, Repetto-Llamazares A, Middleton B, Nijland M, Visser L, Patzke S, Heyerdahl H, Kolstad A, Stokke T, Ree AH, Dahle J. Anti-CD37 radioimmunotherapy with 177Lu-NNV003 synergizes with the PARP inhibitor olaparib in treatment of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in vitro. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267543. [PMID: 35486574 PMCID: PMC9053826 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose
PARP inhibitors have been shown to increase the efficacy of radiotherapy in preclinical models. Radioimmunotherapy results in selective radiation cytotoxicity of targeted tumour cells. Here we investigate the combined effect of anti-CD37 β-emitting 177Lu-NNV003 radioimmunotherapy and the PARP inhibitor olaparib, and gene expression profiles in CD37 positive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma cell lines.
Materials and methods
The combined effect of 177Lu-NNV003 and olaparib was studied in seven cell lines using a fixed-ratio ray design, and combination index was calculated for each combination concentration. mRNA was extracted before and after treatment with the drug combination. After RNA-sequencing, hierarchical clustering was performed on basal gene expression profiles and on differentially expressed genes after combination treatment from baseline. Functional gene annotation analysis of significant differentially expressed genes after combination treatment was performed to identify enriched biological processes.
Results
The combination of olaparib and 177Lu-NNV003 was synergistic in four of seven cell lines, antagonistic in one and both synergistic and antagonistic (conditionally synergistic) in two, depending on the concentration ratio between olaparib and 177Lu-NNV003. Cells treated with the combination significantly overexpressed genes in the TP53 signalling pathway. However, cluster analysis did not identify gene clusters that correlate with the sensitivity of cells to single agent or combination treatment.
Conclusion
The cytotoxic effect of the combination of the PARP inhibitor olaparib and the β-emitting radioimmunoconjugate 177Lu-NNV003 was synergistic in the majority of tested lymphoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion M. Malenge
- Nordic Nanovector ASA, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Astri Fjelde Maaland
- Nordic Nanovector ASA, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Marcel Nijland
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lydia Visser
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Patzke
- Nordic Nanovector ASA, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Arne Kolstad
- Department of Oncology, Innlandet Sykehus, Lillehammer, Norway
| | - Trond Stokke
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Hansen Ree
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Oncology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
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Eychenne R, Chérel M, Haddad F, Guérard F, Gestin JF. Overview of the Most Promising Radionuclides for Targeted Alpha Therapy: The "Hopeful Eight". Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060906. [PMID: 34207408 PMCID: PMC8234975 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Among all existing radionuclides, only a few are of interest for therapeutic applications and more specifically for targeted alpha therapy (TAT). From this selection, actinium-225, astatine-211, bismuth-212, bismuth-213, lead-212, radium-223, terbium-149 and thorium-227 are considered as the most suitable. Despite common general features, they all have their own physical characteristics that make them singular and so promising for TAT. These radionuclides were largely studied over the last two decades, leading to a better knowledge of their production process and chemical behavior, allowing for an increasing number of biological evaluations. The aim of this review is to summarize the main properties of these eight chosen radionuclides. An overview from their availability to the resulting clinical studies, by way of chemical design and preclinical studies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Eychenne
- Groupement d’Intérêt Public ARRONAX, 1 Rue Aronnax, F-44817 Saint-Herblain, France;
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers (CRCINA)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (F.G.)
- Correspondence: (R.E.); (J.-F.G.)
| | - Michel Chérel
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers (CRCINA)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Férid Haddad
- Groupement d’Intérêt Public ARRONAX, 1 Rue Aronnax, F-44817 Saint-Herblain, France;
- Laboratoire Subatech, UMR 6457, Université de Nantes, IMT Atlantique, CNRS, Subatech, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - François Guérard
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers (CRCINA)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Jean-François Gestin
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers (CRCINA)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (F.G.)
- Correspondence: (R.E.); (J.-F.G.)
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4
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Mastren T, Akin A, Copping R, Brugh M, Wilbur DS, Birnbaum ER, Nortier FM, John KD, Fassbender ME. A reverse 230U/ 226Th radionuclide generator for targeted alpha therapy applications. Nucl Med Biol 2020; 90-91:69-73. [PMID: 33068963 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Thorium-226 (half-life 30.6 m) is a radionuclide of interest for use in targeted alpha therapy applications. Due to its short half-life, 226Th must be provided through a radionuclide generator system from its parent 230U (20.8 d). Furthermore, as the half-life of 226Th is very short, it should be provided in a form that is directly amenable to use in biomedical applications. METHODS A reverse radionuclide generator system was developed employing a DGA extraction chromatography column. A 230U/226Th parent/daughter solution in equilibrium is added to a DGA column in >6 M HCl. The parent 230U is eluted first in 0.1 M HNO3 followed by elution of 226Th in 0.1 M citrate buffer pH 5. RESULTS Thorium-226 was recovered from the radionuclide generator column with >96% yield. Greater than 99.5% of the 230U parent was isolated for reuse in the generator. Long term evaluation over six weeks demonstrated consistent supply of 226Th with greater than 99.5% radionuclidic purity. The only contaminant found in the final product was 230U (<0.5%). CONCLUSIONS The reverse radionuclide generator described herein was shown to be a feasible method for providing 226Th in high yield, purity and in a chemical form that is amenable for direct use in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Mastren
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87574, United States of America
| | - Andrew Akin
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87574, United States of America
| | - Roy Copping
- Nuclear Security and Isotope Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America
| | - Mark Brugh
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87574, United States of America
| | - D Scott Wilbur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States of America
| | - Eva R Birnbaum
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87574, United States of America
| | - Francois M Nortier
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87574, United States of America
| | - Kevin D John
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87574, United States of America
| | - Michael E Fassbender
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87574, United States of America.
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5
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Toro-González M, Dame AN, Foster CM, Millet LJ, Woodward JD, Rojas JV, Mirzadeh S, Davern SM. Quantitative encapsulation and retention of 227Th and decay daughters in core-shell lanthanum phosphate nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:9744-9755. [PMID: 32324185 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01172j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) offers great promise for treating recalcitrant tumors and micrometastatic cancers. One drawback of TAT is the potential damage to normal tissues and organs due to the relocation of decay daughters from the treatment site. The present study evaluates La(227Th)PO4 core (C) and core +2 shells (C2S) nanoparticles (NPs) as a delivery platform of 227Th to minimize systemic distribution of decay daughters, 223Ra and 211Pb. In vitro retention of decay daughters within La(227Th)PO4 C NPs was influenced by the concentration of reagents used during synthesis, in which the leakage of 223Ra was between 0.4 ± 0.2% and 20.3 ± 1.1% in deionized water. Deposition of two nonradioactive LaPO4 shells onto La(227Th)PO4 C NPs increased the retention of decay daughters to >99.75%. The toxicity of the nonradioactive LaPO4 C and C2S NP delivery platforms was examined in a mammalian breast cancer cell line, BT-474. No significant decrease in cell viability was observed for a monolayer of BT-474 cells for NP concentrations below 233.9 μg mL-1, however cell viability decreased below 60% when BT-474 spheroids were incubated with either LaPO4 C or C2S NPs at concentrations exceeding 29.2 μg mL-1. La(227Th)PO4 C2S NPs exhibit a high encapsulation and in vitro retention of radionuclides with limited contribution to cellular cytotoxicity for TAT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Toro-González
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, , Richmond 23284, USA. and Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
| | - A N Dame
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
| | - C M Foster
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA
| | - L J Millet
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA and Joint Research Activity, The Bredesen Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA
| | - J D Woodward
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
| | - J V Rojas
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, , Richmond 23284, USA.
| | - S Mirzadeh
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
| | - S M Davern
- Isotope and Fuel Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge 37830, USA.
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6
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Thiele NA, Woods JJ, Wilson JJ. Implementing f-Block Metal Ions in Medicine: Tuning the Size Selectivity of Expanded Macrocycles. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:10483-10500. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Collins SM, Keightley JD, Ivanov P, Arinc A, Fenwick AJ, Pearce AK. The potential radio-immunotherapeutic α-emitter 227Th – part II: Absolute γ-ray emission intensities from the excited levels of 223Ra. Appl Radiat Isot 2019; 145:251-257. [PMID: 30686576 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S M Collins
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, United Kingdom.
| | - J D Keightley
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - P Ivanov
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - A Arinc
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - A J Fenwick
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - A K Pearce
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
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8
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Collins SM, Keightley JD, Ivanov P, Arinc A, Jerome SM, Fenwick AJ, Pearce AK. The potential radio-immunotherapeutic α-emitter 227Th - part I: Standardisation via primary liquid scintillation techniques and decay progeny ingrowth measurements. Appl Radiat Isot 2018; 145:240-250. [PMID: 30583971 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Thorium-227 is a potential therapeutic radionuclide for applications in targeted α-radioimmunotherapy for the treatment of various types of cancer. To provide nuclear medicine departments involved in Phase I clinical trials traceability to the SI unit of radioactivity (Bq), a standardisation of a radiochemically pure 227Th aqueous solution has been performed at the National Physical Laboratory. This was achieved via two primary liquid scintillation (LS) techniques -4π(LS)-γ digital coincidence counting (DCC) and 4π LS counting. These absolute techniques were supported by the indirect determination of the 227Th activity via the measurement of the ingrowth and decay rate of the decay progeny by both ionisations chambers and high purity germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometry. The results of the primary techniques were found to be consistent, both with each other (zeta score = 1.1) and to the decay progeny ingrowth measurements. An activity per unit mass of 20.726 (51) kBq g-1 was determined for the solution. A procedure has been developed that provided an effective separation of the 227Th from its decay progeny, which was shown by the effective time zero of the 227Th-223Ra nuclear chronometer measured by HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Collins
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom.
| | - J D Keightley
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - P Ivanov
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - A Arinc
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - S M Jerome
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - A J Fenwick
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - A K Pearce
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
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9
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Abstract
α-Particle irradiation of cancerous tissue is increasingly recognized as a potent therapeutic option. We briefly review the physics, radiobiology, and dosimetry of α-particle emitters, as well as the distinguishing features that make them unique for radiopharmaceutical therapy. We also review the emerging clinical role of α-particle therapy in managing cancer and recent studies on in vitro and preclinical α-particle therapy delivered by antibodies, other small molecules, and nanometer-sized particles. In addition to their unique radiopharmaceutical characteristics, the increased availability and improved radiochemistry of α-particle radionuclides have contributed to the growing recent interest in α-particle radiotherapy. Targeted therapy strategies have presented novel possibilities for the use of α-particles in the treatment of cancer. Clinical experience has already demonstrated the safe and effective use of α-particle emitters as potent tumor-selective drugs for the treatment of leukemia and metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R McDevitt
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - George Sgouros
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Stavroula Sofou
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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10
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Pommé S, Collins SM, Harms A, Jerome SM. Fundamental uncertainty equations for nuclear dating applied to the 140Ba- 140La and 227Th- 223Ra chronometers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2016; 162-163:358-370. [PMID: 27348041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Basic equations for age dating through activity ratio measurements are presented and applied to nuclear chronometers based on parent-daughter decay. Uncertainty propagation formulae are derived which relate the relative uncertainty on the half-lives and measured activity ratios with the relative uncertainty on the calculated time of a nuclear event. Particular attention is paid to the case of relatively short-lived radionuclides for which the change in decay rate during the measurement is non-negligible. Mathematical solutions are presented to correct the perceived activity ratio and adapt the uncertainty propagation formulae to complete the uncertainty budget. The formulae have been applied to 140Ba-140La chronometry, which is particularly useful for dating a nuclear explosion through measurement of the produced activity ratio of 140La and 140Ba in a finite time interval. They were also applied to the 227Th-223Ra parent-daughter pair produced for therapeutic use. The impact of inaccuracies in the nuclear decay data on the performance of these nuclear chronometers is shown and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pommé
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Retieseweg 111, B-2440 Geel, Belgium.
| | - S M Collins
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 OLW, UK
| | - A Harms
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 OLW, UK
| | - S M Jerome
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 OLW, UK
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11
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Marcatili S, Pichard A, Courteau A, Ladjohounlou R, Navarro-Teulon I, Repetto-Llamazares A, Heyerdahl H, Dahle J, Pouget JP, Bardiès M. Realistic multi-cellular dosimetry for177Lu-labelled antibodies: model and application. Phys Med Biol 2016; 61:6935-6952. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/61/19/6935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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Aitken-Smith PM, Collins SM. Measurement of the (211)Pb half-life using recoil atoms from (219)Rn decay. Appl Radiat Isot 2016; 110:59-63. [PMID: 26773817 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The radioactive half-life of (211)Pb was measured, by α-particle counting of samples of radiochemically pure (211)Pb in equilibrium with its α-emitting progeny, (211)Bi and (211)Po. The samples were prepared by the collection of (215)Po recoil atoms from the decay of the (219)Rn decay progeny produced from a (223)Ra sample onto stainless steel discs. The radioactive decay of the (211)Pb was measured utilising a 2π proportional counter operating on the α plateau. A half-life of 36.164 (13)min was determined, which is in agreement with currently available literature. A full uncertainty budget is presented. A recommended half-life of T1/2((211)Pb)=36.161 (17)min has been evaluated from the current literature values.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Aitken-Smith
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, UK.
| | - S M Collins
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, UK
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13
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Collins S, Pommé S, Jerome S, Ferreira K, Regan P, Pearce A. The half-life of 227Th by direct and indirect measurements. Appl Radiat Isot 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Pham TA, Xu J, Raymond KN. A Macrocyclic Chelator with Unprecedented Th4+ Affinity. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9106-15. [DOI: 10.1021/ja503456r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany A. Pham
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Jide Xu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Kenneth N. Raymond
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
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15
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The status of radioimmunotherapy in CD20+ non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Target Oncol 2014; 10:15-26. [PMID: 24870968 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-014-0324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Rituximab, the CD20-directed antibody, has become a standard component of treatment regimens for patients with B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The use of rituximab has resulted in greatly improved response and survival rates with less toxicity relative to standard chemotherapeutic regimes. However, relapse and recurrence is common, particularly in indolent varieties which remain incurable, requiring alternate therapeutic options. The subsequent coupling of β-emitting isotopes such as (131)I and (90)Y to anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), including rituximab, has been steadily growing over the last decade and demonstrates even greater therapeutic efficacy with more durable responses. (177)Lutetium-labelled rituximab offers a number of convenient advantages over (131)I and (90)Y anti-CD20 mAbs for treatment of NHL, and a number of alpha-emitting isotopes lie at the frontier of consolidation therapy for residual, micrometastatic disease.
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16
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Chouin N, Lindegren S, Frost SHL, Jensen H, Albertsson P, Hultborn R, Palm S, Jacobsson L, Bäck T. Ex vivo activity quantification in micrometastases at the cellular scale using the α-camera technique. J Nucl Med 2013; 54:1347-53. [PMID: 23761919 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.112.113001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Targeted α-therapy (TAT) appears to be an ideal therapeutic technique for eliminating malignant circulating, minimal residual, or micrometastatic cells. These types of malignancies are typically infraclinical, complicating the evaluation of potential treatments. This study presents a method of ex vivo activity quantification with an α-camera device, allowing measurement of the activity taken up by tumor cells in biologic structures a few tens of microns. METHODS We examined micrometastases from a murine model of ovarian carcinoma after injection of a radioimmunoconjugate labeled with (211)At for TAT. At different time points, biologic samples were excised and cryosectioned. The activity level and the number of tumor cells were determined by combined information from 2 adjacent sections: one exposed to the α-camera and the other stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The time-activity curves for tumor cell clusters, comprising fewer than 10 cells, were derived for 2 different injected activities (6 and 1 MBq). RESULTS High uptake and good retention of the radioimmunoconjugate were observed at the surface of tumor cells. Dosimetric calculations based on the measured time-integrated activity indicated that for an injected activity of 1 MBq, isolated tumor cells received at least 12 Gy. In larger micrometastases (≤ 100 μm in diameter), the activity uptake per cell was lower, possibly because of hindered penetration of radiolabeled antibodies; however, the mean absorbed dose delivered to tumor cells was above 30 Gy, due to cross-fire irradiation. CONCLUSION Using the α-camera, we developed a method of ex vivo activity quantification at the cellular scale, which was further applied to characterize the behavior of a radiolabeled antibody administered in vivo against ovarian carcinoma. This study demonstrated a reliable measurement of activity. This method of activity quantification, based on experimentally measured data, is expected to improve the relevance of small-scale dosimetry studies and thus to accelerate the optimization of TAT.
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Heyerdahl H, Krogh C, Borrebæk J, Larsen Å, Dahle J. Treatment of HER2-expressing breast cancer and ovarian cancer cells with alpha particle-emitting 227Th-trastuzumab. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011; 79:563-70. [PMID: 21195878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of low-dose-rate alpha particle-emitting radioimmunoconjugate (227)Th-p-isothiocyanato-benzyl-DOTA-trastuzumab ((227)Th-trastuzumab [where DOTA is 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid]) internalized by breast and ovarian cancer cell lines in order to assess the potential of (227)Th-trastuzumab as a therapeutic agent against metastatic cancers that overexpress the HER2 oncogene. METHODS AND MATERIALS Clonogenic survival and cell growth rates of breast cancer cells treated with (227)Th-trastuzumab were compared with rates of cells treated with nonbinding (227)Th-rituximab, cold trastuzumab, and X-radiation. Cell growth experiments were also performed with ovarian cancer cells. Cell-associated radioactivity was measured at several time points, and the mean radiation dose to cells was calculated. RESULTS SKBR-3 cells got 50% of the mean absorbed radiation dose from internalized activity and 50% from cell surface-bound activity, while BT-474 and SKOV-3 cells got 75% radiation dose from internalized activity and 25% from cell surface-bound activity. Incubation of breast cancer cells with 2.5 kBq/ml (227)Th-trastuzumab for 1 h at 4°C, followed by washing, resulted in mean absorbed radiation doses of 2 to 2.5 Gy. A dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth and an increase in apoptosis were induced in all cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Clinically relevant activity concentrations of (227)Th-trastuzumab induced a specific cytotoxic effect in three HER2-expressing cell lines. The cytotoxic effect of (227)Th-trastuzumab was higher than that of single-dose X-radiation (relative biological effectiveness = 1.2). These results warrant further studies of treatment of breast cancer and ovarian cancer with (227)Th-trastuzumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Heyerdahl
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, Oslo, Norway
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