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Six KR, Vertongen S, Seghers S, De Bleser D, Compernolle V, Feys HB. Differential composition and yield of leukocytes isolated from various blood component leukoreduction filters. J Immunol Methods 2024; 533:113733. [PMID: 39098592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
In Flanders, an estimated 300,000 leukoreduction filters are discarded as biological waste in the blood establishment each year. These filters are a possible source of fresh donor leukocytes for downstream purposes including research. We investigated leukocyte isolation from two types of filters either used for the preparation of platelet concentrates (PC-LRF) or erythrocyte concentrates (EC-LRF). Outcome parameters were leukocyte yield, differential count, turnaround time and effect of storage conditions. Leukocytes were harvested by reverse flow of a buffer solution. Control was the gold standard density gradient centrifugation of buffy coats. Total leukocyte number isolated from PC-LRF (1049 (± 40) x 106) was almost double that of control (632 (± 66) x 106) but the differential count was comparable. Total leukocyte number isolated from EC-LRF (78 (± 9) x 106) was significantly lower than control, but the sample was specifically enriched in granulocytes (81 ± 4%) compared to control (30 ± 1%). Isolation of leukocytes from either PC- or EC-LRF takes 20 min compared to 240 min for control density gradient centrifugation. Leukocyte viability is optimal when harvested on day 1 post donation (95 ± 0.9%) compared to day 3 (76.4 ± 2.4%). In conclusion, our study demonstrates that leukoreduction filters from specific blood component processing are easy to use and present a valuable source for viable leukocytes of all types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrijn R Six
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross Flanders, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Sarah Vertongen
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sabrina Seghers
- Transfusion Innovation Center, Belgian Red Cross Flanders, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Veerle Compernolle
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross Flanders, Ghent, Belgium; Transfusion Innovation Center, Belgian Red Cross Flanders, Ghent, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Blood Services, Belgian Red Cross Flanders, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Hendrik B Feys
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross Flanders, Ghent, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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2
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Sadeghi Shermeh A, Royzman D, Kuhnt C, Draßner C, Stich L, Steinkasserer A, Knippertz I, Wild AB. Differential Modulation of Dendritic Cell Biology by Endogenous and Exogenous Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Ligands. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097801. [PMID: 37175508 PMCID: PMC10177790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a decisive regulatory ligand-dependent transcription factor. It binds highly diverse ligands, which can be categorized as either endogenous or exogenous. Ligand binding activates AhR, which can adjust inflammatory responses by modulating immune cells such as dendritic cells (DCs). However, how different AhR ligand classes impact the phenotype and function of human monocyte-derived DCs (hMoDCs) has not been extensively studied in a comparative manner. We, therefore, tested the effect of the representative compounds Benzo(a)pyrene (BP), 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ), and Indoxyl 3-sulfate (I3S) on DC biology. Thereby, we reveal that BP significantly induces a tolerogenic response in lipopolysaccharide-matured DCs, which is not apparent to the same extent when using FICZ or I3S. While all three ligand classes activate AhR-dependent pathways, BP especially induces the expression of negative immune regulators, and subsequently strongly subverts the T cell stimulatory capacity of DCs. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 strategy we also prove that the regulatory effect of BP is strictly AhR-dependent. These findings imply that AhR ligands contribute differently to DC responses and incite further studies to uncover the mechanisms and molecules which are involved in the induction of different phenotypes and functions in DCs upon AhR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Sadeghi Shermeh
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dmytro Royzman
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christine Kuhnt
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Draßner
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena Stich
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinkasserer
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ilka Knippertz
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas B Wild
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
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Langguth P, Peckert-Maier K, Beck P, Kuhnt C, Draßner C, Deinzer A, Steinkasserer A, Wild AB. CD83 acts as immediate early response gene in activated macrophages and exhibits specific intracellular trafficking properties. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 647:37-46. [PMID: 36709671 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages (MΦ) are remarkably plastic cells, which assume phenotypes in every shade between a pro-inflammatory classical activation, and anti-inflammatory or resolving activation. Therefore, elucidation of mechanisms involved in shaping MΦ plasticity and function is key to understand their role during immunological balance. The immune-modulating CD83 molecule is expressed on activated immune cells and various tissue resident MΦ, rendering it an interesting candidate for affecting MΦ biology. However, in-depth analyses of the precise kinetics and trafficking of CD83 within pro-inflammatory, LPS activated bone-marrow-derived MΦ have not been performed. In this study, we show that activation with LPS leads to a very fast and strong, but transient increase of CD83 expression on these cells. Its expression peaks within 2 h of stimulation and is thereby faster than the early activation antigen CD69. To trace the CD83 trafficking through MΦs, we employed multiple inhibitors, thereby revealing a de novo synthesis and transport of the protein to the cell surface followed by lysosomal degradation, all within 6 h. Moreover, we found a similar expression kinetic and trafficking in human monocyte derived MΦ. This places CD83 at a very early point of MΦ activation suggesting an important role in decisions regarding the subsequent cellular fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Langguth
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Katrin Peckert-Maier
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Beck
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christine Kuhnt
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Draßner
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea Deinzer
- Institute of Microbiology - Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander -Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinkasserer
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas B Wild
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Schlüter J, Cunningham S, Zimmermann R, Achenbach S, Kramer R, Erdmann M, Beckmann M, Heinzerling L, Hackstein H. Characterization of the impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors on platelet activation and aggregation. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152311. [PMID: 36495598 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective oncological drugs which block cellular check-point receptors typically targeted by tumor immune evasion strategies. Despite their benefits, clinicians have reported treatment-associated thromboembolism during ICI therapy in recent years. Though several theories on this ICI-associated pathogenesis exist, the direct effects of ICIs on platelets remains unknown. We therefore investigated the potential direct and indirect effect of PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4-targeting ICIs on platelet functionality in multifaceted in vitro experiments. Interestingly, we could not observe a clear effect of ICI on platelet aggregation and primary hemostasis in whole blood and platelet concentrate-based assays. Furthermore, the presence of ICIs in toll-like receptor stimulation had no significant impact on platelet surface marker expression. In a second approach, we investigated the indirect immunological impact of ICIs on platelet activation by exposing platelets to supernatants from ICI- and Staphylococcal enterotoxin B-exposed PBMCs. Whereas ICIs affected IL-2 levels in supernatants, we could not detect clear differences in the secretion of pro-thrombogenic factors and platelet responses. The obtained data suggest that the direct influence of ICIs on platelet activation or the influence of altered T cell function on platelet activation cannot be considered a major factor in the development of thrombotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Schlüter
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Sarah Cunningham
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen 91054, Germany.
| | - Robert Zimmermann
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Susanne Achenbach
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Rafaela Kramer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Michael Erdmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Malte Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Lucie Heinzerling
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen 91054, Germany; Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich 80539, Germany
| | - Holger Hackstein
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen 91054, Germany
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5
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Pablo‐Torres C, Delgado‐Dolset MI, Sanchez‐Solares J, Mera‐Berriatua L, Núñez Martín Buitrago L, Reaño Martos M, Bueno JL, Escribese MM, Barber D, Gomez‐Casado C. A method based on plateletpheresis to obtain functional platelet, CD3 + and CD14 + matched populations for research immunological studies. Clin Exp Allergy 2022; 52:1157-1168. [PMID: 35757844 PMCID: PMC9796013 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In previous studies with peripheral blood cells, platelet factors were found to be associated with severe allergic phenotypes. A reliable method yielding highly concentrated and pure platelet samples is usually not available for immunological studies. Plateletpheresis is widely used in the clinics for donation purposes. In this study, we designed a protocol based on plateletpheresis to obtain Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), Platelet-Poor Plasma (PPP) as well as CD3+ and CD14+ cells matched samples from a waste plateletpheresis product for immunological studies. METHODS Twenty-seven subjects were voluntarily subjected to plateletpheresis. PRP, PPP and blood cell concentrate contained in a leukocyte reduction system chamber (LRSC) were obtained in this process. CD3+ and CD14+ cells were isolated from the LRSC by density-gradient centrifugation and positive magnetic bead isolation. RNA was isolated from PRP, CD3+ and CD14+ cell samples and used for transcriptomic studies by Affymetrix. PRP and PPP samples were used for platelet protein quantification by multiplex assays. RESULTS A reliable high yield method to obtain matched samples of PRP, PPP, CD3+ and CD14+ from a single donor for RNA and protein analyses has been designed. The RNA quality indicators (RQI) routinely used for other cell types were not suitable for platelet RNA characterization. Despite this, the platelet RNA was valid for transcriptomic studies by Affymetrix, as platelet transcripts obtained in our previous studies were confirmed in PRP samples. Platelet samples were enriched in platelet factors as determined in protein multiplex analysis. CONCLUSIONS We have developed a method that yields not only high content and pure platelet samples from a single donor but also CD3+ and CD14+ matched samples that can be used for RNA and protein analyses in immunological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Pablo‐Torres
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA) Nemesio DíezDepartment of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineSan Pablo‐CEU UniversityCEU UniversitiesBoadilla del MonteSpain
| | - María Isabel Delgado‐Dolset
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA) Nemesio DíezDepartment of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineSan Pablo‐CEU UniversityCEU UniversitiesBoadilla del MonteSpain,Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO)Department of Chemistry and BiochemistrySchool of PharmacySan Pablo‐CEU UniversityCEU UniversitiesBoadilla del MonteSpain
| | - Javier Sanchez‐Solares
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA) Nemesio DíezDepartment of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineSan Pablo‐CEU UniversityCEU UniversitiesBoadilla del MonteSpain
| | - Leticia Mera‐Berriatua
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA) Nemesio DíezDepartment of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineSan Pablo‐CEU UniversityCEU UniversitiesBoadilla del MonteSpain
| | | | - Mar Reaño Martos
- Department of Allergy and ImmunologyPuerta de Hierro‐Majadahonda University HospitalMadridSpain
| | - José Luis Bueno
- Department of Hematology and HemotherapyPuerta de Hierro‐Majadahonda University HospitalMadridSpain
| | - Maria M. Escribese
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA) Nemesio DíezDepartment of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineSan Pablo‐CEU UniversityCEU UniversitiesBoadilla del MonteSpain
| | - Domingo Barber
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA) Nemesio DíezDepartment of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineSan Pablo‐CEU UniversityCEU UniversitiesBoadilla del MonteSpain
| | - Cristina Gomez‐Casado
- Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA) Nemesio DíezDepartment of Basic Medical SciencesSchool of MedicineSan Pablo‐CEU UniversityCEU UniversitiesBoadilla del MonteSpain,Department of DermatologyMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich‐Heine‐University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
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6
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Royzman D, Andreev D, Stich L, Peckert-Maier K, Wild AB, Zinser E, Mühl-Zürbes P, Jones E, Adam S, Frey S, Fuchs M, Kunz M, Bäuerle T, Nagel L, Schett G, Bozec A, Steinkasserer A. The soluble CD83 protein prevents bone destruction by inhibiting the formation of osteoclasts and inducing resolution of inflammation in arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:936995. [PMID: 36003376 PMCID: PMC9393726 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.936995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we show that soluble CD83 induces the resolution of inflammation in an antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) model. Joint swelling and the arthritis-related expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, RANKL, MMP9, and OC-Stamp were strongly reduced, while Foxp3 was induced. In addition, we observed a significant inhibition of TRAP+ osteoclast formation, correlating with the reduced arthritic disease score. In contrast, cell-specific deletion of CD83 in human and murine precursor cells resulted in an enhanced formation of mature osteoclasts. RNA sequencing analyses, comparing sCD83- with mock treated cells, revealed a strong downregulation of osteoclastogenic factors, such as Oc-Stamp, Mmp9 and Nfatc1, Ctsk, and Trap. Concomitantly, transcripts typical for pro-resolving macrophages, e.g., Mrc1/2, Marco, Klf4, and Mertk, were upregulated. Interestingly, members of the metallothionein (MT) family, which have been associated with a reduced arthritic disease severity, were also highly induced by sCD83 in samples derived from RA patients. Finally, we elucidated the sCD83-induced signaling cascade downstream to its binding to the Toll-like receptor 4/(TLR4/MD2) receptor complex using CRISPR/Cas9-induced knockdowns of TLR4/MyD88/TRIF and MTs, revealing that sCD83 acts via the TRIF-signaling cascade. In conclusion, sCD83 represents a promising therapeutic approach to induce the resolution of inflammation and to prevent bone erosion in autoimmune arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro Royzman
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Dmytro Royzman, ; Alexander Steinkasserer,
| | - Darja Andreev
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena Stich
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katrin Peckert-Maier
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas B. Wild
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Zinser
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Petra Mühl-Zürbes
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Evan Jones
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Adam
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Silke Frey
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Fuchs
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany
| | - Meik Kunz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany
- Department of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Bäuerle
- Institute of Radiology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lisa Nagel
- Institute of Radiology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aline Bozec
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinkasserer
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Dmytro Royzman, ; Alexander Steinkasserer,
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Polysaccharides from European Black Elderberry Extract Enhance Dendritic Cell Mediated T Cell Immune Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073949. [PMID: 35409309 PMCID: PMC8999536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
European black elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) is a popular way to treat common colds or influenza infections. Mechanistically, this might be due to a direct antiviral effect or a stimulatory effect on the immune system of the host. Here, we evaluated the modulatory effects of black elderberry derived water extract (EC15) and its polysaccharide enriched fractions (CPS, BOUND, and UNBOUND) in comparison to a conventional alcoholic extract (EE25), regarding the phenotypical and functional properties of dendritic cells (DCs), which are essential cells to induce potent T cell responses. Interestingly, the water extract and its polysaccharide fractions potently induced DC maturation, while the ethanol extract did not. Moreover, the capacity to stimulate T cells by these matured DCs, as assessed using MLR assays, was statistically higher when induced by the water extracted fractions, compared to immature DCs. On the other hand, the ethanol extract EE25 did not induce T cell stimulation. Finally, the cytokine expression profiles of these DC—T cell cocultures were assessed and correlated well with increased T cell stimulation. Also, the expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ was highly increased in the presence of the elderberry water extract EC15, and the polysaccharide enriched CPS, BOUND, and UNBOUND fractions, but not by EE25. Thus, from these data, we conclude that the polysaccharides present in water-derived elderberry fractions induce potent immune-modulatory effects, which represents the basis for a strong immune-mediated response to viruses including influenza.
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Strack A, Deinzer A, Thirion C, Schrödel S, Dörrie J, Sauerer T, Steinkasserer A, Knippertz I. Breaking Entry-and Species Barriers: LentiBOOST ® Plus Polybrene Enhances Transduction Efficacy of Dendritic Cells and Monocytes by Adenovirus 5. Viruses 2022; 14:v14010092. [PMID: 35062296 PMCID: PMC8781300 DOI: 10.3390/v14010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their ability to trigger strong immune responses, adenoviruses (HAdVs) in general and the serotype5 (HAdV-5) in particular are amongst the most popular viral vectors in research and clinical application. However, efficient transduction using HAdV-5 is predominantly achieved in coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR)-positive cells. In the present study, we used the transduction enhancer LentiBOOST® comprising the polycationic Polybrene to overcome these limitations. Using LentiBOOST®/Polybrene, we yielded transduction rates higher than 50% in murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), while maintaining their cytokine expression profile and their capability to induce T-cell proliferation. In human dendritic cells (DCs), we increased the transduction rate from 22% in immature (i)DCs or 43% in mature (m)DCs to more than 80%, without inducing cytotoxicity. While expression of specific maturation markers was slightly upregulated using LentiBOOST®/Polybrene on iDCs, no effect on mDC phenotype or function was observed. Moreover, we achieved efficient HAdV5 transduction also in human monocytes and were able to subsequently differentiate them into proper iDCs and functional mDCs. In summary, we introduce LentiBOOST® comprising Polybrene as a highly potent adenoviral transduction agent for new in-vitro applications in a set of different immune cells in both mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Strack
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstr. 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (A.D.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Andrea Deinzer
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstr. 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (A.D.); (A.S.)
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wasserturmstraße 3/5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Thirion
- SIRION Biotech GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; (C.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Silke Schrödel
- SIRION Biotech GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; (C.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Jan Dörrie
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstr. 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (J.D.); (T.S.)
| | - Tatjana Sauerer
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstr. 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (J.D.); (T.S.)
| | - Alexander Steinkasserer
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstr. 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (A.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Ilka Knippertz
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstr. 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (A.D.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (I.K.)
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9
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Ferdowsi S, Abbasi-Malati Z, Pourfathollah AA. Leukocyte reduction filters as an alternative source of peripheral blood leukocytes for research. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2021; 43:494-498. [PMID: 33422490 PMCID: PMC8573042 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2020.10.963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peripheral blood leukocytes are a suitable cell model for science research. However, blood samples from healthy volunteers are limited in volume and difficult to obtain due to the complexity of volunteer recruitment. OBJECTIVE Therefore, it is urgent to find an alternative source of peripheral blood leukocytes. METHOD One of the possibilities is the use of leukocyte reduction filters (LRFs) in blood banks that is used for preparation of leukoreduced blood products. More than 90% of the leukocytes are trapped in the leukofilters allowing the desired blood product to pass through. RESULTS It has been reported that the biological function of leukocytes collected from the filters are no different from those isolated from buffy coats, leukapheresis products and whole blood (WB) cells. Moreover, LRFs are waste products that are discarded after leukoreduction. CONCLUSION Thus, leukofilters represent an economic source of human cell populations that can be used for a variety of investigative purposes, with no cost. In the present study, we reviewed the different usage of LRFs in the research, clinical and commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Ferdowsi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Abbasi-Malati
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Pourfathollah
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Polisetti N, Gießl A, Zenkel M, Heger L, Dudziak D, Naschberger E, Stich L, Steinkasserer A, Kruse FE, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U. Melanocytes as emerging key players in niche regulation of limbal epithelial stem cells. Ocul Surf 2021; 22:172-189. [PMID: 34425298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Limbal melanocytes (LMel) represent essential components of the corneal epithelial stem cell niche and are known to protect limbal epithelial stem/progenitor cells (LEPCs) from UV damage by transfer of melanosomes. Here, we explored additional functional roles for LMel in niche homeostasis, immune regulation and angiostasis. METHODS Human corneoscleral tissues were morphologically analyzed in normal, inflammatory and wound healing conditions. The effects of LMel on LEPCs were analyzed in direct and indirect co-culture models using electron microscopy, immunocytochemistry, qRT-PCR, Western blotting and functional assays; limbal mesenchymal stromal cells and murine embryonic 3T3 fibroblasts served as controls. The immunophenotype of LMel was assessed by flow cytometry before and after interferon-γ stimulation, and their immunomodulatory properties were analyzed by mixed lymphocytes reaction, monocyte adhesion assays and cytometric bead arrays. Their angiostatic effects on human umbilical cord endothelial cells (HUVECs) were evaluated by proliferation, migration, and tube formation assays. RESULTS LMel and LEPCs formed structural units in the human limbal stem cell niche in situ, which could be functionally replicated, including melanosome transfer, by co-cultivation in vitro. LMel supported LEPCs during clonal expansion and during epithelial wound healing by stimulating proliferation and migration, and suppressed their differentiation through direct contact and paracrine effects. Under inflammatory conditions, LMel were increased in numbers and upregulated expression of ICAM-1 and MHC II molecules (HLA-DR), but lacked expression of HLA-G, -DP, -DQ and costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86. They were also found to be potent suppressors of alloreactive T- cell proliferation and cytokine secretion, which largely depended on direct cell-cell interaction. Moreover, the LMel secretome exerted angiostatic activity by inhibiting vascular endothelial cell proliferation and capillary network formation. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that LMel are not only professional melanin-producing cells, but exert various non-canonical functions in limbal niche homeostasis by regulating LEPC maintenance, immune responses, and angiostasis. Their potent regulatory, immunomodulatory and anti-angiogenic properties may have important implications for future regenerative cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Polisetti
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Eye Center, Medical Center - Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Gießl
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Zenkel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Heger
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany; Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Naschberger
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Translational Research Center, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena Stich
- Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinkasserer
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany; Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Friedrich E Kruse
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehardt
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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11
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Swartzwelter BJ, Mayall C, Alijagic A, Barbero F, Ferrari E, Hernadi S, Michelini S, Navarro Pacheco NI, Prinelli A, Swart E, Auguste M. Cross-Species Comparisons of Nanoparticle Interactions with Innate Immune Systems: A Methodological Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1528. [PMID: 34207693 PMCID: PMC8230276 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many components of the innate immune system are evolutionarily conserved and shared across many living organisms, from plants and invertebrates to humans. Therefore, these shared features can allow the comparative study of potentially dangerous substances, such as engineered nanoparticles (NPs). However, differences of methodology and procedure between diverse species and models make comparison of innate immune responses to NPs between organisms difficult in many cases. To this aim, this review provides an overview of suitable methods and assays that can be used to measure NP immune interactions across species in a multidisciplinary approach. The first part of this review describes the main innate immune defense characteristics of the selected models that can be associated to NPs exposure. In the second part, the different modes of exposure to NPs across models (considering isolated cells or whole organisms) and the main endpoints measured are discussed. In this synergistic perspective, we provide an overview of the current state of important cross-disciplinary immunological models to study NP-immune interactions and identify future research needs. As such, this paper could be used as a methodological reference point for future nano-immunosafety studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Craig Mayall
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Liubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Andi Alijagic
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Francesco Barbero
- Institut Català de Nanosciència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Eleonora Ferrari
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology–ZMBP Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Szabolcs Hernadi
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK;
| | - Sara Michelini
- Department of Biosciences, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | | | | | - Elmer Swart
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK;
| | - Manon Auguste
- Department of Earth Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy
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12
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Birzer A, Kraner ME, Heilingloh CS, Mühl-Zürbes P, Hofmann J, Steinkasserer A, Popella L. Mass Spectrometric Characterization of HSV-1 L-Particles From Human Dendritic Cells and BHK21 Cells and Analysis of Their Functional Role. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1997. [PMID: 33117298 PMCID: PMC7550753 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a very common human pathogenic virus among the world’s population. The lytic replication cycle of HSV-1 is, amongst others, characterized by a tripartite viral gene expression cascade, the assembly of nucleocapsids involving their subsequent nuclear egress, tegumentation, re-envelopment and the final release of progeny viral particles. During productive infection of a multitude of different cell types, HSV-1 generates not only infectious heavy (H-) particles, but also non-infectious light (L-) particles, lacking the capsid. In monocyte-derived mature dendritic cells (mDCs), HSV-1 causes a non-productive infection with the predominant release of L-particles. Until now, the generation and function of L-particles is not well understood, however, they are described as factors transferring viral components to the cellular microenvironment. To obtain deeper insights into the L-particle composition, we performed a mass-spectrometry-based analysis of L-particles derived from HSV-1-infected mDCs or BHK21 cells and H-particles from the latter one. In total, we detected 63 viral proteins in both H- and L-particle preparations derived from HSV-1-infected BHK21 cells. In L-particles from HSV-1-infected mDCs we identified 41 viral proteins which are differentially distributed compared to L-particles from BHK21 cells. In this study, we present data suggesting that L-particles modify mDCs and suppress their T cell stimulatory capacity. Due to the plethora of specific viral proteins incorporated into and transmitted by L-particles, it is tempting to speculate that L-particles manipulate non-infected bystander cells for the benefit of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Birzer
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Max Edmund Kraner
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Petra Mühl-Zürbes
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Hofmann
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Linda Popella
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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13
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Birzer A, Krawczyk A, Draßner C, Kuhnt C, Mühl-Zürbes P, Heilingloh CS, Steinkasserer A, Popella L. HSV-1 Modulates IL-6 Receptor Expression on Human Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1970. [PMID: 32983130 PMCID: PMC7479228 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the guardians of the immune system since they are located in the majority of peripheral tissues. In addition, they are crucial for the induction of an effective immune response based on their unique capacity to stimulate naive T cells. During co-evolution, the human pathogen herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has evolved several immune evasion mechanisms in order to subvert the host's immune system especially by targeting DC biology and function. Here we demonstrate that HSV-1 infection influences the IL-6 receptor (IL6R) expression both on protein and mRNA levels in/on human monocyte-derived mature DCs (mDCs). Surprisingly, reduced IL6R expression levels were also observed on uninfected bystander mDCs. Mechanistically, we clearly show that HSV-1-derived non-infectious light (L-) particles are sufficient to trigger IL6R regulation on uninfected bystander mDCs. These L-particles lack the viral DNA-loaded capsid and are predominantly produced during infection of mDCs. Our results show that the deletion of the HSV-1 tegument protein vhs partially rescued the reduced IL6R surface expression levels on/in bystander mDCs. Using a neutralizing antibody, which perturbs the transfer of L-particles to bystander mDCs, was sufficient to rescue the modulation of IL6R surface expression on uninfected bystander mDCs. This study provides evidence that L-particles transfer specific viral proteins to uninfected bystander mDCs, thereby negatively interfering with their IL6R expression levels, however, to a lesser extend compared to H-particles. Due to their immune-modulatory capacity, L-particles represent an elaborated approach of HSV-1-mediated immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Birzer
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Adalbert Krawczyk
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christina Draßner
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christine Kuhnt
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Petra Mühl-Zürbes
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christiane Silke Heilingloh
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Linda Popella
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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14
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Cunningham S, Buchele V, Brox R, Strasser E, Hackstein H. Thrombocyte apheresis cassettes as a novel source of viable peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Transfusion 2020; 60:1500-1507. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.15756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cunningham
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology University Hospital Erlangen Erlangen Germany
| | - Vera Buchele
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology University Hospital Erlangen Erlangen Germany
| | - Regine Brox
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology University Hospital Erlangen Erlangen Germany
| | - Erwin Strasser
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology University Hospital Erlangen Erlangen Germany
| | - Holger Hackstein
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology University Hospital Erlangen Erlangen Germany
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15
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Quercetin induces an immunoregulatory phenotype in maturing human dendritic cells. Immunobiology 2020; 225:151929. [PMID: 32115260 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2020.151929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an environmental sensor and ligand-activated transcription factor that is critically involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses and the induction of tolerance by modulating immune cells. As dendritic cells (DCs) express high AhR levels, they are efficient to induce immunomodulatory effects after being exposed to AhR-activating compounds derived from the environment or diet. To gain new insights into the molecular targets following AhR-activation in human monocyte-derived (mo)DCs, we investigated whether the natural AhR ligand quercetin or the synthetic ligand 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) modulates the function of human moDCs regarding their capability to prime naïve T cells or to migrate. As only quercetin, but not TCDD, impaired T cell activation and migration of LPS-matured DCs (LPS-DCs), we analyzed the mode of action of quercetin on moDCs in more detail. Here, we found a specific down-regulation of the immunomodulatory molecule CD83 through the direct binding of the activated AhR to the CD83 promoter. Furthermore, treatment of LPS-DCs with quercetin resulted in a reduced production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-12p70 and in an increased expression of the immunoregulatory molecules disabled adaptor protein (Dab) 2, immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT)-3, ILT4, ILT5 as well as ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73, thereby inducing a tolerogenic phenotype in quercetin-treated maturing DCs. Overall, these data demonstrate that quercetin represents a potent immunomodulatory agent to alter human DC phenotype and function, shifting the immune balance from inflammation to resolution.
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16
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Klaver D, Posch B, Geisler A, Hermann M, Reider N, Heufler C. Peptides from allergenic lipocalins bind to formyl peptide receptor 3 in human dendritic cells to mediate T H2 immunity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 145:654-665. [PMID: 31330220 PMCID: PMC7115912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND How TH2-mediated allergic immune responses are induced is still under investigation. OBJECTIVE In an in vitro system we compared the effect of lipocalin allergens and nonallergenic homologues on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) to investigate how they polarize naive CD4+ TH cells. Microarray data gained with these DCs showed a significant difference in expression of formyl peptide receptors (FPRs). Activation of FPR3 in human monocyte-derived DCs leads to inhibition of IL-12 production. Low concentrations of IL-12 during T-cell priming biases immune responses toward TH2. We hypothesize that binding of allergenic lipocalins to FPR3 might be a mechanism for induction of allergic immune responses. METHODS We examined whether lipocalins and FPR3 colocalize within the cells by using confocal microscopy. With calcium mobilization assays of FPR3-transfected HEK 293 cells, we measured FPR3 signaling in response to allergenic and nonallergenic lipocalins. Silencing of FPR3 in DCs and pretreatment with an antagonistic peptide were used to assess the function of FPR3 in TH2 induction. RESULTS FPR3 and lipocalins colocalize in the same vesicles in DCs. Cathepsin S-digested allergenic lipocalins, but not digestion products of nonallergenic homologues, activate FPR3 signaling. FPR3 silencing in DCs or pretreatment with an antagonistic peptide restores IL-12 and induces IL-10 expression by DCs treated with lipocalin allergens, attenuating the TH2 bias and inducing IL-10 production in cocultured TH cells. CONCLUSION We describe a novel molecular mechanism for induction of TH2-mediated allergic immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Klaver
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beate Posch
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anita Geisler
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Hermann
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Norbert Reider
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christine Heufler
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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17
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Grosche L, Mühl-Zürbes P, Ciblis B, Krawczyk A, Kuhnt C, Kamm L, Steinkasserer A, Heilingloh CS. Herpes Simplex Virus Type-2 Paralyzes the Function of Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells. Viruses 2020; 12:E112. [PMID: 31963276 PMCID: PMC7019625 DOI: 10.3390/v12010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex viruses not only infect a variety of different cell types, including dendritic cells (DCs), but also modulate important cellular functions in benefit of the virus. Given the relevance of directed immune cell migration during the initiation of potent antiviral immune responses, interference with DC migration constitutes a sophisticated strategy to hamper antiviral immunity. Notably, recent reports revealed that HSV-1 significantly inhibits DC migration in vitro. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether HSV-2 also modulates distinct hallmarks of DC biology. Here, we demonstrate that HSV-2 negatively interferes with chemokine-dependent in vitro migration capacity of mature DCs (mDCs). Interestingly, rather than mediating the reduction of the cognate chemokine receptor expression early during infection, HSV-2 rapidly induces β2 integrin (LFA-1)-mediated mDC adhesion and thereby blocks mDC migration. Mechanistically, HSV-2 triggers the proteasomal degradation of the negative regulator of β2 integrin activity, CYTIP, which causes the constitutive activation of LFA-1 and thus mDC adhesion. In conclusion, our data extend and strengthen recent findings reporting the reduction of mDC migration in the context of a herpesviral infection. We thus hypothesize that hampering antigen delivery to secondary lymphoid organs by inhibition of mDC migration is an evolutionary conserved strategy among distinct members of Herpesviridae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Grosche
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Petra Mühl-Zürbes
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Ciblis
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Adalbert Krawczyk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Christine Kuhnt
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lisa Kamm
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinkasserer
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christiane Silke Heilingloh
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45147 Essen, Germany
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18
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He H, Tang L, Jiang N, Zheng R, Li W, Gu Y, Wang M. Characterization of peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated using two kinds of leukocyte filters. Transfus Clin Biol 2019; 27:10-17. [PMID: 31812494 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the activity and biological function of leukocytes isolated using apheresis platelet leukoreduction system chambers (LRSC), whole blood leukoreduction filters (LRF), and leukocytes in unfiltered peripheral whole blood (WB). METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and granulocytes were obtained by density gradient centrifugation using recovery filters and WB. Flow cytometry was used to detect the activity, phenotype, and apoptosis ratio of each cell subtype. RESULTS The proportion of lymphocytes obtained from PBMCs was similar when using the two different filters as compared to traditional isolation; however, there were significant differences between the monocytes and granulocytes. The phenotypic frequency of lymphocytes was similar, but the apoptosis rate of lymphocytes from the two filters was slightly higher. Additionally, monocytes isolated via the three sources were able to be induced into dendritic cells expressing specific molecules; Granulocytes isolated from the LRF showed a lower purity and a higher level of apoptosis than granulocytes isolated from the WB. CONCLUSION Compared with WB, the PBMCs isolated from the filters used in our blood center had no statistical difference in their activity and biological function, but they did differ in the proportion and quantity of monocytes and granulocytes. Our results show that the two filters can be used as an alternative method to collect leukocytes, which solves the problem of an insufficient blood supply for clinical and basic science research. Thus, these filters have significant value beyond their practical use in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- H He
- Suzhou Blood Center, 215006 Suzhou, China.
| | - L Tang
- Suzhou Blood Center, 215006 Suzhou, China.
| | - N Jiang
- Suzhou Blood Center, 215006 Suzhou, China.
| | - R Zheng
- Suzhou Blood Center, 215006 Suzhou, China.
| | - W Li
- Suzhou Blood Center, 215006 Suzhou, China.
| | - Y Gu
- Clinical Immunology Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215006 Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, 215006 Suzhou, China.
| | - M Wang
- Suzhou Blood Center, 215006 Suzhou, China.
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19
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Zinser E, Naumann R, Wild AB, Michalski J, Deinzer A, Stich L, Kuhnt C, Steinkasserer A, Knippertz I. Endogenous Expression of the Human CD83 Attenuates EAE Symptoms in Humanized Transgenic Mice and Increases the Activity of Regulatory T Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1442. [PMID: 31293592 PMCID: PMC6603205 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The CD83 is a type I membrane protein and part of the immunoglobulin superfamily of receptors. CD83 is involved in the regulation of antigen presentation and dendritic cell dependent allogeneic T cell proliferation. A soluble form of CD83 inhibits dendritic cell maturation and function. Furthermore, CD83 is expressed on activated B cells, T cells, and in particular on regulatory T cells. Previous studies on murine CD83 demonstrated this molecule to be involved in several immune-regulatory processes, comprising that CD83 plays a key role in the development und function of different immune cells. In order to get further insights into the function of the human CD83 and to provide preclinical tools to guide the function of CD83/sCD83 for therapeutic purposes we generated Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (BAC) transgenic mice. BACs are excellent tools for manipulating large DNA fragments and are utilized to engineer transgenic mice by pronuclear injection. Two different founders of BAC transgenic mice expressing human CD83 (BAC-hCD83tg mice) were generated and were examined for the hCD83 expression on different immune cells as well as both the in vitro and in vivo role of human CD83 (hCD83) in health and disease. Here, we found the hCD83 molecule to be present on activated DCs, B cells and subtypes of CD4+ T cells. CD8+ T cells, on the other hand, showed almost no hCD83 expression. To address the function of hCD83, we performed in vitro mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) as well as suppression assays and we used the in vivo model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) comparing wild-type and hCD83-BAC mice. Results herein showed a clearly diminished capacity of hCD83-BAC-derived T cells to proliferate accompanied by an enhanced activation and suppressive activity of hCD83-BAC-derived Tregs. Furthermore, hCD83-BAC mice were found to recover faster from EAE-associated symptoms than wild-type mice, encouraging the relevance also of the hCD83 as a key molecule for the regulatory phenotype of Tregs in vitro and in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Humans
- Immunoglobulins/genetics
- Immunoglobulins/immunology
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Somatostatin-Secreting Cells/immunology
- Somatostatin-Secreting Cells/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/pathology
- CD83 Antigen
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Zinser
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ronald Naumann
- Transgenic Core Facility, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas B. Wild
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Michalski
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea Deinzer
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena Stich
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christine Kuhnt
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Ilka Knippertz
- Department of Immune Modulation, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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20
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Understanding Platelets in Infectious and Allergic Lung Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071730. [PMID: 30965568 PMCID: PMC6480134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that platelets, cytoplasmic fragments derived from megakaryocytes, can no longer be considered just as mediators in hemostasis and coagulation processes, but as key modulators of immunity. Platelets have received increasing attention as the emergence of new methodologies has allowed the characterization of their components and functions in the immune continuum. Platelet activation in infectious and allergic lung diseases has been well documented and associated with bacterial infections reproduced in several animal models of pulmonary bacterial infections. Direct interactions between platelets and bacteria have been associated with increased pulmonary platelet accumulation, whereas bacterial-derived toxins have also been reported to modulate platelet function. Recently, platelets have been found extravascular in the lungs of patients with asthma, and in animal models of allergic lung inflammation. Their ability to interact with immune and endothelial cells and secrete immune mediators makes them one attractive target for biomarker identification that will help characterize their contribution to lung diseases. Here, we present an original review of the last advances in the platelet field with a focus on the contribution of platelets to respiratory infections and allergic-mediated diseases.
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21
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Ferdowsi S, Pourfathollah AA, Amiri F, Rafiee MH, Aghaei A. Evaluation of anticancer activity of α-defensins purified from neutrophils trapped in leukoreduction filters. Life Sci 2019; 224:249-254. [PMID: 30935951 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The α-defensins or human neutrophil peptides (HNP 1-3) that exist in azurophilic granules are found to have anticancer activity. The pattern of disulfide bonds in α-defensins is crucial for the functional properties. Therefore, synthesis using the chemical and recombinant approaches is a challenging. A safe source for the production of α-defensins can be the use of leukoreduction filters in blood banks that contain large quantities of neutrophils and are discarded after use. The aim of this study was to purify α-defensins from neutrophils trapped in leukofilters and to investigate its anticancer activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunoprecipitation was performed to purify α-defensins and the presence of protein was confirmed by Western Blot. The Jurkat T-cell line was incubated with different concentrations (5, 10 and 15 μg/ml) of purified HNP1-3 for 16 h. Cell viability was measured using a WST-1 assay and apoptosis was analyzed for Annexin V/PI markers. Caspase-3/7 activity was determined using fluorescence assay. The effects of purified α-defensins were compared to commercial HNP 1-3. KEY FINDINGS Purified HNP 1-3 decreased the viability at 10 and 15 μg/ml and commercial HNP 1-3 at 15 μg/ml concentrations. Following to the purified HNP1-3 treatment, the percentage of Annexin V positive population and caspase-3 activity were significantly increased compared to control (p = 0.000 and p = 0.001, respectively) and commercial HNP1-3 (p = 0.034 and p = 0.018, respectively). SIGNIFICANCE Results indicated the anticancer activity of HNP1-3 which can be used as future chemotherapeutic drugs. Furthermore, leukofilters can be considered as economic source for purifying these peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Ferdowsi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Pourfathollah
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Immunology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Para Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hessam Rafiee
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Aghaei
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Gansner JM, Rahmani M, Jonsson AH, Fortin BM, Brimah I, Ellis M, Smeland-Wagman R, Li ZJ, Schenkel JM, Brenner MB, Yefidoff-Freedman R, Sloan SR, Berliner N, Issa NC, Baden LR, Longo DL, Wesemann DR, Neuberg D, Rao DA, Kaufman RM. Plateletpheresis-associated lymphopenia in frequent platelet donors. Blood 2019; 133:605-614. [PMID: 30429159 PMCID: PMC6367645 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-09-873125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 1 million apheresis platelet collections are performed annually in the United States. After 2 healthy plateletpheresis donors were incidentally found to have low CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, we investigated whether plateletpheresis causes lymphopenia. We conducted a cross-sectional single-center study of platelet donors undergoing plateletpheresis with the Trima Accel, which removes leukocytes continuously with its leukoreduction system chamber. We recruited 3 groups of platelet donors based on the total number of plateletpheresis sessions in the prior 365 days: 1 or 2, 3 to 19, or 20 to 24. CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts were <200 cells per microliter in 0/20, 2/20, and 6/20 donors, respectively (P = .019), and CD8+ T-lymphocyte counts were low in 0/20, 4/20, and 11/20 donors, respectively (P < .001). The leukoreduction system chamber's lymphocyte-extraction efficiency was ∼15% to 20% for all groups. Immunophenotyping showed decreases in naive CD4+ T-lymphocyte and T helper 17 (Th17) cell percentages, increases in CD4+ and CD8+ effector memory, Th1, and regulatory T cell percentages, and stable naive CD8+ and Th2 percentages across groups. T-cell receptor repertoire analyses showed similar clonal diversity in all groups. Donor screening questionnaires supported the good health of the donors, who tested negative at each donation for multiple pathogens, including HIV. Frequent plateletpheresis utilizing a leukoreduction system chamber is associated with CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell lymphopenia in healthy platelet donors. The mechanism may be repeated extraction of these cells during plateletpheresis. The cytopenias do not appear to be harmful.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Gansner
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mahboubeh Rahmani
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - A Helena Jonsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhihan J Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Jason M Schenkel
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Michael B Brenner
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Revital Yefidoff-Freedman
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Steven R Sloan
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Nancy Berliner
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nicolas C Issa
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - Lindsey R Baden
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and
| | - Dan L Longo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Duane R Wesemann
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Donna Neuberg
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Deepak A Rao
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Richard M Kaufman
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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23
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Boudreau G, Carli C, Lamarche C, Rulleau C, Bonnaure G, Néron S, Delisle JS. Leukoreduction system chambers are a reliable cellular source for the manufacturing of T-cell therapeutics. Transfusion 2018; 59:1300-1311. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.15121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Boudreau
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont; Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Cédric Carli
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont; Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Caroline Lamarche
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont; Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Caroline Rulleau
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont; Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Guillaume Bonnaure
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont; Montréal Québec Canada
- Medical Affairs and Innovation; Héma-Québec; Québec Québec Canada
| | - Sonia Néron
- Medical Affairs and Innovation; Héma-Québec; Québec Québec Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Bio-informatics; Université Laval; Québec Québec Canada
| | - Jean-Sébastien Delisle
- Centre de Recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont; Montréal Québec Canada
- Hematology-Oncology Division; Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont; Montréal Québec Canada
- Department of Medicine; Université de Montréal; Montreal Québec Canada
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24
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Knörck A, Marx S, Friedmann KS, Zöphel S, Lieblang L, Hässig C, Müller I, Pilch J, Sester U, Hoth M, Eichler H, Sester M, Schwarz EC. Quantity, quality, and functionality of peripheral blood cells derived from residual blood of different apheresis kits. Transfusion 2018; 58:1516-1526. [PMID: 29732580 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research with primary human white blood cell (WBC) subpopulations requires high quantity, quality, and functionality of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as a source to further characterize cellular subpopulations such as T and B lymphocytes, monocytes, or natural killer cells. Apart from buffy coats derived from whole blood, residual blood from preparative hemapheresis kits are used as a source for PBMCs, but knowledge on the yield and functionality of cells from different devices is limited. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We evaluated quantity and quality of PBMCs isolated from apheresis kits of two apheresis devices (AMICUS, Fenwal; and Trima Accel, Terumo BCT), the latter being our standard source for many years. PBMCs derived from Trima or AMICUS were tested for yield and subtype composition by flow cytometry. Functionality was assessed by cytokine induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and by degranulation. Moreover, cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells was quantified by a real-time killing assay. RESULTS Mean numbers of isolated cells were 5.5 ± 2.4 × 108 for AMICUS, and 10.3 ± 6.4 × 108 for Trima Accel, respectively. The proportion of WBC subtypes corresponded to well-known numbers from whole blood, with minor differences between the two apheresis systems. Likewise, minor differences in cytokine induction were found in stimulated CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. Finally, PBMCs derived from the two systems showed comparable cytotoxic activity. CONCLUSION PBMC derived from residual blood of the AMICUS and Trima Accel apheresis devices serve as an economic and easily accessible source for functional PBMCs with comparable quantity and quality to PBMCs derived from whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Knörck
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Marx
- Department of Transplant and Infection Immunology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Kim S Friedmann
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sylvia Zöphel
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Lieblang
- Department of Transplant and Infection Immunology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Hässig
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Isabelle Müller
- Institute of Clinical Hemostaseology and Transfusion Medicine, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jan Pilch
- Institute of Clinical Hemostaseology and Transfusion Medicine, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Urban Sester
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Markus Hoth
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Eichler
- Institute of Clinical Hemostaseology and Transfusion Medicine, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Martina Sester
- Department of Transplant and Infection Immunology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Eva C Schwarz
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
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25
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Marques GS, Silva Z, Videira PA. Antitumor Efficacy of Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells: Comparing Effects of two Monocyte Isolation Methods. Biol Proced Online 2018; 20:4. [PMID: 29434528 PMCID: PMC5796591 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-018-0069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dendritic cells (DCs), which can be used as anti-cancer vaccines, are generally obtained in vitro from isolated CD14+ monocytes (MoDCs). This generates high cell numbers and allows instructing DCs to guarantee effective antitumor responses. However, the impact of the monocyte isolation step in the antitumor effectiveness of the generated MoDCs is still unknown. Here, we compared the most used immunomagnetic technologies for monocyte isolation: magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) from Miltenyi Biotec and EasySep from STEM CELL. Results MACS technology allowed a higher monocyte yield and purity and, by flow cytometry, monocytes displayed higher size and lower granularity. In the resting state, EasySep_MoDCs showed a higher basal expression of HLA-DR, and no significant response to stimulation by LPS and TNF-α. When stimulated with whole tumor cells lysates, both MoDCs expressed similar levels of maturation and co-stimulatory markers. However, when cultured with autologous T cells, MACS_MoDCs induced significantly higher IFN-γ secretion than EasySep_MoDCs, indicating a stronger induction of Th1 cell response profile. Concordantly, T cells induced by MACS_MoDCs also showed a higher release of cytotoxic granules when in contact with tumor cells. Conclusions Overall, both the MACS and the EasySep isolation immunomagnetic technologies provide monocytes that differentiate into viable and functional MoDCs. In our experimental settings, resting EasySep_MoDCs showed a higher basal level of maturation but show less responsivity to stimuli. On the other hand, MACS_MoDCs, when stimulated with tumor antigens, showed better ability to stimulate Th1 responses and to induce T cell cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Thus, monocyte isolation techniques crucially affect MoDCs’ function and, therefore, should be carefully selected to obtain the desired functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graça S Marques
- 1CEDOC, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Zélia Silva
- 1CEDOC, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,2UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula A Videira
- 1CEDOC, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,2UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,3CDG & Allies - Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies - PPAIN), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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26
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HIV Activates the Tyrosine Kinase Hck to Secrete ADAM Protease-Containing Extracellular Vesicles. EBioMedicine 2018; 28:151-161. [PMID: 29331674 PMCID: PMC5836510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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27
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Hammer A, Waschbisch A, Knippertz I, Zinser E, Berg J, Jörg S, Kuhbandner K, David C, Pi J, Bayas A, Lee DH, Haghikia A, Gold R, Steinkasserer A, Linker RA. Role of Nuclear Factor (Erythroid-Derived 2)-Like 2 Signaling for Effects of Fumaric Acid Esters on Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1922. [PMID: 29312359 PMCID: PMC5744071 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, the intracellular signaling pathways involved in dendritic cell (DC) function are poorly understood. The antioxidative transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) has been shown to affect maturation, function, and subsequent DC-mediated T cell responses of murine and human DCs. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), as prototype animal model for a T helper cell-mediated autoimmune disease, antigen presentation, cytokine production, and costimulation by DCs play a major role. We explore the role of Nrf2 in DC function, and DC-mediated T cell responses during T cell-mediated autoimmunity of the central nervous system using genetic ablation and pharmacological activation in mice and men to corroborate our data in a translational setting. In murine and human DCs, monomethyl fumarate induced Nrf2 signaling inhibits DC maturation and DC-mediated T cell proliferation by reducing inflammatory cytokine production and expression of costimulatory molecules. In contrast, Nrf2-deficient DCs generate more activated T helper cells (Th1/Th17) but fewer regulatory T cells and foster T cell proliferation. Transfer of DCs with Nrf2 activation during active EAE reduces disease severity and T cell infiltration. Our data demonstrate that Nrf2 signaling modulates autoimmunity in murine and human systems via inhibiting DC maturation and function thus shedding further light on the mechanism of action of antioxidative stress pathways in antigen-presenting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hammer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anne Waschbisch
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ilka Knippertz
- Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Zinser
- Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes Berg
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefanie Jörg
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kristina Kuhbandner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina David
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jingbo Pi
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Antonios Bayas
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - De-Hyung Lee
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aiden Haghikia
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ralf Gold
- Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinkasserer
- Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ralf A Linker
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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28
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Zinser E, Krawczyk A, Mühl-Zürbes P, Aufderhorst U, Draßner C, Stich L, Zaja M, Strobl S, Steinkasserer A, Heilingloh CS. A new promising candidate to overcome drug resistant herpes simplex virus infections. Antiviral Res 2017; 149:202-210. [PMID: 29155164 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Infections with Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) belong to the most common human diseases worldwide, resulting in symptoms ranging from painful, but commonly self-limiting lesions of the orofacial or genital tract to severe infections of the eye or life-threatening generalized infections. Frequent HSV-reactivations at the eye may lead to the development of herpetic stromal keratitis, which is one of the major causes of infectious blindness in developed countries. The vast majority of life-threatening generalized infections occur in immunocompromised individuals, such as transplant recipients or patients suffering from advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection with concurrent HSV-reactivation. Over the past decades, Acyclovir (ACV) became the golden standard for the treatment of HSV infections. However, long-term antiviral treatment, as it is required mainly in immunocompromised patients, led to the emergence of resistances towards ACV and other antivirals. Therefore, there is a clear need for the development of new potent antivirals which combine good oral bioavailability and tolerability with low side effects. In the current study we present SC93305 as a novel potent antiviral substance that proved to be highly effective not only against different HSV-1 and HSV-2 strains but also towards ACV- and multi-resistant HSV-1 and HSV-2 isolates. SC93305 shows comparable antiviral activity as reported for ACV and very importantly it does not interfere with the activation of specific immune cells. Here we report that SC93305 does not affect the biological function of dendritic cells (DC), the most potent antigen presenting cells of the immune system to induce antiviral immune responses, nor T cell stimulation or the release of inflammatory cytokines. Thus, SC93305 is a new and promising candidate for the treatment of HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections and in particular also for the inhibition of drug-resistant HSV-1/2 strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Zinser
- Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Adalbert Krawczyk
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Petra Mühl-Zürbes
- Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Aufderhorst
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christina Draßner
- Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena Stich
- Department of Immune Modulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mirko Zaja
- 4SC Discovery GmbH, Martinsried, Germany
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29
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Wegehaupt AK, Roufs EK, Hewitt CR, Killian ML, Gorbatenko O, Anderson CM, Killian MS. Recovery and assessment of leukocytes from LR Express filters. Biologicals 2017; 49:15-22. [PMID: 28774790 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocytes, or white blood cells, are used for a variety of investigational purposes and they offer advantages over laboratory-adapted cell lines. Leukocytes that are typically discarded by blood banks during the collection of red blood cells, platelets, and plasma can often be obtained for research use. However, the available leukocytes are frequently contained within a blood filtration device, such as the Terumo LR Express (TLRE) filter. In this study, procedures were evaluated for the ability to elute viable leukocytes from TLRE filters. The recovered leukocytes were assessed for composition, growth, and functionality. The large majority (>70%) of leukocytes were eluted with a single reverse-elution procedure and the recovered cells contained representative populations of the major leukocyte subsets. Purified T cells exhibited diverse T cell receptor repertoires, characteristic growth upon mitogen stimulation, and CD4+ T cells were able to support HIV-1 propagation. Purified monocytes were able to be differentiated into phenotypically characteristic populations of macrophages and dendritic cells. Overall, TLRE filters offer an attractive source of primary human cells for research and possibly clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby K Wegehaupt
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, United States
| | - Ellen K Roufs
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, United States
| | - Cory R Hewitt
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, United States
| | - Marisela L Killian
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States
| | - Oxana Gorbatenko
- Western South Dakota DNA Core Facility, Black Hills State University, Spearfish, SD 57799, United States
| | - Cynthia M Anderson
- Western South Dakota DNA Core Facility, Black Hills State University, Spearfish, SD 57799, United States
| | - M Scott Killian
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, United States.
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30
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Grosche L, Draßner C, Mühl-Zürbes P, Kamm L, Le-Trilling VTK, Trilling M, Steinkasserer A, Heilingloh CS. Human Cytomegalovirus-Induced Degradation of CYTIP Modulates Dendritic Cell Adhesion and Migration. Front Immunol 2017; 8:461. [PMID: 28484459 PMCID: PMC5399032 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As potent antigen-presenting cells, dendritic cells (DCs) are essential for the initiation of effective antiviral immune responses. Viruses and especially herpesviruses, which are able to establish lifelong persistence, exploit several immune evasion mechanisms targeting DC biology. Our group has previously shown that the α-herpesvirus herpes simplex virus type 1 inhibits mature DC (mDC) migration by inducing adhesion via degrading the cellular protein CYTIP (cytohesin-1 interacting protein), an important negative regulator of β2-integrin activity. In the present study, we extended our analysis to the β-herpesvirus human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), to investigate whether other herpesviridae also induce such modulations. Indeed, HCMV impairs mDC transwell migration capability following a CCL19-chemokine gradient, despite equivalent expression levels of the cognate chemokine receptor CCR7 at the corresponding time points post-infection. Remarkably, HCMV infection potently induced β2-integrin activity on mDCs. Furthermore, directly HCMV-infected mDCs, exhibiting viral gene expression, strongly adhere to fibronectin and ICAM-1, in contrast to mDCs lacking infection or viral gene expression. Interestingly, HCMV-positive mDCs display a proteasome-dependent degradation of CYTIP. Contrasting the migration toward CCL19, elevated expression levels of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 in HCMV-infected mDCs were associated with functional CXCL12-chemotaxis under the herein used conditions. In summary, our results show that HCMV shapes mDC adhesion to compromise migration toward CCL19, but retaining CXCL12 responsiveness. Thus, we hypothesize that a preferred migration pattern toward the bone marrow, but not to secondary lymphoid organs, could ultimately cause a failure in the induction of potent antiviral immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Grosche
- Department of Immunomodulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Draßner
- Department of Immunomodulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Petra Mühl-Zürbes
- Department of Immunomodulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lisa Kamm
- Department of Immunomodulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Mirko Trilling
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Hupfer T, Schick J, Jozefowski K, Voehringer D, Ostrop J, Lang R. Stat6-Dependent Inhibition of Mincle Expression in Mouse and Human Antigen-Presenting Cells by the Th2 Cytokine IL-4. Front Immunol 2016; 7:423. [PMID: 27790218 PMCID: PMC5063851 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) Mincle, Mcl, and Dectin-2 bind mycobacterial and fungal cell wall glycolipids and carbohydrates. Recently, we described that expression of these CLR is downregulated during differentiation of human monocytes to dendritic cells (DC) in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4. Here, we demonstrate that the Th2 cytokine IL-4 specifically inhibits expression of Mincle, Mcl, and Dectin-2 in human antigen-presenting cells (APC). This inhibitory effect of IL-4 was observed across species, as murine macrophages and DC treated with IL-4 also downregulated these receptors. IL-4 blocked upregulation of Mincle and Mcl mRNA expression and cell surface protein by murine macrophages in response to the Mincle ligand Trehalose-6,6-dibehenate (TDB), whereas the TLR4 ligand LPS overcame inhibition by IL-4. Functionally, downregulation of Mincle expression by IL-4 was accompanied by reduced cytokine production upon stimulation with TDB. These inhibitory effects of IL-4 were dependent on the transcription factor Stat6. Together, our results show that the key Th2 cytokine IL-4 exerts a negative effect on the expression of Mincle and other Dectin-2 cluster CLR in mouse and human macrophages and DC, which may render these sentinel cells less vigilant for sensing mycobacterial and fungal ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hupfer
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Judith Schick
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Katrin Jozefowski
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - David Voehringer
- Department of Infection Biology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Jenny Ostrop
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Roland Lang
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
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Knippertz I, Deinzer A, Dörrie J, Schaft N, Nettelbeck DM, Steinkasserer A. Transcriptional Targeting of Mature Dendritic Cells with Adenoviral Vectors via a Modular Promoter System for Antigen Expression and Functional Manipulation. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:6078473. [PMID: 27446966 PMCID: PMC4942663 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6078473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To specifically target dendritic cells (DCs) to simultaneously express different therapeutic transgenes for inducing immune responses against tumors, we used a combined promoter system of adenoviral vectors. We selected a 216 bp short Hsp70B' core promoter induced by a mutated, constitutively active heat shock factor (mHSF) 1 to drive strong gene expression of therapeutic transgenes MelanA, BclxL, and IL-12p70 in HeLa cells, as well as in mature DCs (mDCs). As this involves overexpressing mHSF1, we first evaluated the resulting effects on DCs regarding upregulation of heat shock proteins and maturation markers, toxicity, cytokine profile, and capacity to induce antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells. Second, we generated the two-vector-based "modular promoter" system, where one vector contains the mHSF1 under the control of the human CD83 promoter, which is specifically active only in DCs and after maturation. mHSF1, in turn, activates the Hsp70B' core promotor-driven expression of transgenes MelanA and IL-12p70 in the DC-like cell line XS52 and in human mature and hence immunogenic DCs, but not in tolerogenic immature DCs. These in vitro experiments provide the basis for an in vivo targeting of mature DCs for the expression of multiple transgenes. Therefore, this modular promoter system represents a promising tool for future DC-based immunotherapies in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Knippertz
- Department of Immune Modulation at the Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Hartmannstrasse 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea Deinzer
- Department of Immune Modulation at the Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Hartmannstrasse 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Dörrie
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Hartmannstrasse 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Niels Schaft
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Hartmannstrasse 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk M. Nettelbeck
- German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinkasserer
- Department of Immune Modulation at the Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Hartmannstrasse 14, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
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Ostrop J, Jozefowski K, Zimmermann S, Hofmann K, Strasser E, Lepenies B, Lang R. Contribution of MINCLE-SYK Signaling to Activation of Primary Human APCs by Mycobacterial Cord Factor and the Novel Adjuvant TDB. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015. [PMID: 26202982 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Trehalose-6,6-dimycolate (TDM), the mycobacterial cord factor, is an abundant cell wall glycolipid and major virulence factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Its synthetic analog trehalose-6,6-dibehenate (TDB) is a new adjuvant currently in phase I clinical trials. In rodents, the C-type lectin receptors Mincle and Mcl bind TDB/TDM and activate macrophages and dendritic cells (DC) through the Syk-Card9 pathway. However, it is unknown whether these glycolipids activate human innate immune cells through the same mechanism. We performed in vitro analysis of TDB/TDM-stimulated primary human monocytes, macrophages, and DC; determined C-type lectin receptor expression; and tested the contribution of SYK, MINCLE, and MCL by small interfering RNA knockdown and genetic complementation. We observed a robust chemokine and cytokine release in response to TDB or TDM. MCSF-driven macrophages secreted higher levels of IL-8, IL-6, CCL3, CCL4, and CCL2 after stimulation with TDM, whereas DC responded more strongly to TDB and GM-CSF-driven macrophages were equally responsive to TDB and TDM. SYK kinase and the adaptor protein CARD9 were essential for glycolipid-induced IL-8 production. mRNA expression of MINCLE and MCL was high in monocytes and macrophages, with MINCLE and MCL proteins localized intracellularly under resting conditions. Small interfering RNA-mediated MINCLE or MCL knockdown caused on average reduced TDB- or TDM-induced IL-8 production. Conversely, retroviral expression in murine Mincle-deficient DC revealed that human MINCLE, but not MCL, was sufficient to confer responsiveness to TDB/TDM. Our study demonstrates that SYK-CARD9 signaling plays a key role in TDB/TDM-induced activation of innate immune cells in man as in mouse, likely by engagement of MINCLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Ostrop
- Mikrobiologisches Institut, Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katrin Jozefowski
- Mikrobiologisches Institut, Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Zimmermann
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; Free University of Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 14195 Berlin, Germany; and
| | - Katharina Hofmann
- Mikrobiologisches Institut, Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erwin Strasser
- Transfusionsmedizinische und Hämostaseologische Abteilung, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bernd Lepenies
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; Free University of Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 14195 Berlin, Germany; and
| | - Roland Lang
- Mikrobiologisches Institut, Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
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Rothe T, Gruber F, Uderhardt S, Ipseiz N, Rössner S, Oskolkova O, Blüml S, Leitinger N, Bicker W, Bochkov VN, Yamamoto M, Steinkasserer A, Schett G, Zinser E, Krönke G. 12/15-Lipoxygenase-mediated enzymatic lipid oxidation regulates DC maturation and function. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:1944-54. [PMID: 25844901 DOI: 10.1172/jci78490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
DCs are able to undergo rapid maturation, which subsequently allows them to initiate and orchestrate T cell-driven immune responses. DC maturation must be tightly controlled in order to avoid random T cell activation and development of autoimmunity. Here, we determined that 12/15-lipoxygenase-meditated (12/15-LO-mediated) enzymatic lipid oxidation regulates DC activation and fine-tunes consecutive T cell responses. Specifically, 12/15-LO activity determined the DC activation threshold via generation of phospholipid oxidation products that induced an antioxidative response dependent on the transcription factor NRF2. Deletion of the 12/15-LO-encoding gene or pharmacologic inhibition of 12/15-LO in murine or human DCs accelerated maturation and shifted the cytokine profile, thereby favoring the differentiation of Th17 cells. Exposure of 12/15-LO-deficient DCs to 12/15-LO-derived oxidized phospholipids attenuated both DC activation and the development of Th17 cells. Analysis of lymphatic tissues from 12/15-LO-deficient mice confirmed enhanced maturation of DCs as well as an increased differentiation of Th17 cells. Moreover, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice lacking 12/15-LO resulted in an exacerbated Th17-driven autoimmune disease. Together, our data reveal that 12/15-LO controls maturation of DCs and implicate enzymatic lipid oxidation in shaping the adaptive immune response.
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35
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Tremblay MM, Houtman JCD. TCR-mediated functions are enhanced in activated peripheral blood T cells isolated from leucocyte reduction systems. J Immunol Methods 2014; 416:137-45. [PMID: 25462023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Buffy coats are the most common method for the acquisition of activated primary human T cells for research or clinical applications, but recently leukocyte reduction system (LRS) cones have emerged as a viable source for these cells. In this study, we determined if activated human T cells derived from buffy coats or LRS cones had different functionality. No changes in the expression of surface receptors were observed except for a significant increase in CD44 expression on T cells isolated from LRS cones. LRS cone-derived T cells trended towards higher receptor-mediated cytokine production and had significantly increased donor-to-donor variability in IFN-γ production. TCR-induced ERK1/ERK2 and AKT phosphorylation was also increased in T cells isolated from LRS cones. In conclusion, LRS cones are an excellent source of T cells for clinical and research applications, but these cells have subtle functional differences from T cells isolated using standard buffy coats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikaela M Tremblay
- Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Jon C D Houtman
- Department of Microbiology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
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36
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Increased frequency of Tim-3 expressing T cells is associated with symptomatic West Nile virus infection. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92134. [PMID: 24642562 PMCID: PMC3958446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
More than a decade after West Nile virus (WNV) entered North America, and despite a significant increase in reported cases during the 2012 and 2013 seasons, no treatment or vaccine for humans is available. Although antiviral T cells contribute to the control of WNV, little is known about their regulation during acute infection. We analyzed the expression of Tim-3 and PD-1, two recently identified T cell negative immune checkpoint receptors, over the course of WNV infection. Symptomatic WNV+ donors exhibited higher frequencies of Tim-3+ cells than asymptomatic subjects within naïve/early differentiated CD28+/–CD57–CD4+ and differentiated CD28–CD57–CD8+ T cells. Our study links Tim-3-expression on T cells during acute WNV infection with the development of symptomatic disease, suggesting Tim-3 and its ligands could be targeted therapeutically to alter anti-WNV immunity and improve disease outcome.
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