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Fang S, Huang X, Cai F, Qiu G, Lin F, Cai X. Design, synthesis and molecular docking of novel D-ring substituted steroidal 4,5-dihydropyrazole thiazole derivatives that act as iNOS/COX-2 inhibitors with potent anti-inflammatory activity against LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 240:106478. [PMID: 38430971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation, an important biological protective response to tissue damage or microbial invasion, is considered to be an alarming signal for the progress of varied biological complications. Based on the previous reports in the literature that proved the noticeable efficacy of pyrazole and thiazole scaffold as well as nitrogen heterocyclic based compounds against acute and chronic inflammatory disease, a new set of novel D-ring substituted steroidal 4,5-dihydropyrazole thiazole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated their anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. Preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis was conducted by their inhibitory activities against nitric oxide (NO) release in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells, and the optimal compound 12b [3β-hydroxy-pregn-5-en-17β-yl-5'- (o- chlorophenyl)- 1'-(4''- phenyl -[1'', 3'']- thiazol-2''- yl) - 4',5'-dihydro - 1'H-pyrazol - 3'- yl] exhibited more potent anti-inflammatory activity than the positive control treatment methylprednisolone (MPS), with an IC50 value of 2.59 μM on NO production and low cytotoxicity against RAW 264.7 cells. In further mechanism study, our results showed that compound 12b significantly suppressed the production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and inhibited the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) through blocking NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of IκBα. Compound 12b also attenuated LPS-induced activation of c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 phosphorylation in RAW 264.7 cells. Molecular docking study revealed the strong binding affinity of compound 12b to the active site of the COX-2 proteins, which confirmed that compound 12b acted as an anti-inflammatory mediator. These results indicate that steroidal derivatives bearing 4,5-dihydropyrazole thiazole structure might be considered for further research and scaffold optimization in designing anti-inflammatory drugs and compound 12b might be a promising therapeutic anti-inflammatory drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuopo Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Department of Digestive Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Fen Cai
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Guodong Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Lin
- Department of Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services (PIVAS), The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaorui Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
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Jin Y, Guo Z, Zhu H, Zhang Z, Jiang X, Yang Y, Liu P, Yang Y, Wang M, Gao H. Discovery of potential components characteristic by conjugated enone from the branches and leaves of Croton lauioides with anti-neuroinflammatory activity via regulating the NF-κB pathway. Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107301. [PMID: 38522392 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the chemical composition and pharmacological activity of Croton lauioides were investigated for the first time. The bioactive and HPLC-UV guided isolation led to the discovery of twenty-three conjugated enone-type components (1-23), including nine previously unknown sesquiterpenoid derivatives (1-4, 9-10, 12-14). Notably, compounds 1 and 12 are epoxides containing an endoperoxide bridge (1) or a unique dioxaspiro core (12), respectively. Compounds 2-7 are non-benzenoid aromatics featuring a tropone function, while 9-11 possess a rare rearranged scaffold with tropone shift into benzene. Extensive characterization was performed using NMR spectra, HRESIMS data, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Furthermore, we evaluated the bioactivities of all isolated compounds against neuroinflammation in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells. Remarkably, most sesquiterpenoid derivatives exhibited significant NO inhibit activities, and compound 5 showed the most potent effect with an IC50 value of 0.14 ± 0.04 μM. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis revealed that sesquiterpenoids modified with endocyclic enone conjugation may serve as a key pharmacophore for NO inhibition, particularly involving aromatic tropone moiety. The qPCR and Western blot results demonstrated that 5 exerted an inhibitory effect on the mRNA levels of iNOS, TNF-α and COX-2 in a time-dependent manner, as well as suppressed the protein expression of iNOS, TNF-α, COX-2. In mechanism, 5 could prevented activation of NF-κB pathway by suppressing phosphorylation of p65 and IκB-α. These findings revealed C. lauioides might be a promising resource for drug candidate development targeting neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jin
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Substances Research & Translational Medicine of Immune Diseases of Shenyang, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongxin Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Substances Research & Translational Medicine of Immune Diseases of Shenyang, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Huilin Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Substances Research & Translational Medicine of Immune Diseases of Shenyang, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Substances Research & Translational Medicine of Immune Diseases of Shenyang, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiren Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Substances Research & Translational Medicine of Immune Diseases of Shenyang, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Substances Research & Translational Medicine of Immune Diseases of Shenyang, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Substances Research & Translational Medicine of Immune Diseases of Shenyang, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Substances Research & Translational Medicine of Immune Diseases of Shenyang, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huiyuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Substances Research & Translational Medicine of Immune Diseases of Shenyang, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
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Lee B, Yu MS, Song JG, Lee HM, Kim HW, Na D. Corydalis ternata Nakai Alleviates Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease by Reducing β-Amyloid and Neuroinflammation. Rejuvenation Res 2024. [PMID: 38545769 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2023.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, natural herbs have gained increasing attention owing to their comparatively low toxicity levels and the abundance of historical medical documentation regarding their use. Nevertheless, owing to a lack of knowledge regarding these herbs and their compounds, attempts to find those that could be beneficial for treating diseases have often been ad hoc; thus, there is now a growing demand for an in silico method to identify beneficial herbs. In this study, we present a computational approach for identifying natural herbs specifically effective in treating cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) sufferers, which analyzes the similarities between herbal compounds and known drugs targeting AD-related proteins. Our in silico method suggests that Corydalis ternata can improve cognitive decline in AD sufferers. Behavioral tests with an AD mouse model for the confirmation of the in silico prediction reveals that C. ternata significantly alleviated the cognitive decline (memory and motor functions) caused by neurodegeneration. Further pathology analyses reveal that C. ternata decreases the level of Aβ plaques, reduces neuroinflammation, and promotes autophagy flux, and thus C. ternata can be clinically effective for preventing mild cognitive impairment during the early stages of AD. These findings highlight the potential utility of our in silico method and the potential clinical application of the identified natural herb in treating and preventing AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bomi Lee
- Department of Bio-Integrated Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Sang Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gwang Song
- Department of Bio-Integrated Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang-Mi Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Wook Kim
- Department of Bio-Integrated Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyun Na
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Makinde E, Ma L, Mellick GD, Feng Y. A High-Throughput Screening of a Natural Products Library for Mitochondria Modulators. Biomolecules 2024; 14:440. [PMID: 38672457 PMCID: PMC11048375 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, the energy hubs of the cell, are progressively becoming attractive targets in the search for potent therapeutics against neurodegenerative diseases. The pivotal role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), underscores the urgency of discovering novel therapeutic strategies. Given the limitations associated with available treatments for mitochondrial dysfunction-associated diseases, the search for new potent alternatives has become imperative. In this report, we embarked on an extensive screening of 4224 fractions from 384 Australian marine organisms and plant samples to identify natural products with protective effects on mitochondria. Our initial screening using PD patient-sourced olfactory neurosphere-derived (hONS) cells with rotenone as a mitochondria stressor resulted in 108 promising fractions from 11 different biota. To further assess the potency and efficacy of these hits, the 11 biotas were subjected to a subsequent round of screening on human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells, using 6-hydroxydopamine to induce mitochondrial stress, complemented by a mitochondrial membrane potential assay. This rigorous process yielded 35 active fractions from eight biotas. Advanced analysis using an orbit trap mass spectrophotometer facilitated the identification of the molecular constituents of the most active fraction from each of the eight biotas. This meticulous approach led to the discovery of 57 unique compounds, among which 12 were previously recognized for their mitoprotective effects. Our findings highlight the vast potential of natural products derived from Australian marine organisms and plants in the quest for innovative treatments targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Makinde
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; (E.M.); (L.M.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Linlin Ma
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; (E.M.); (L.M.); (G.D.M.)
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - George D. Mellick
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; (E.M.); (L.M.); (G.D.M.)
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Yunjiang Feng
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; (E.M.); (L.M.); (G.D.M.)
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
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Tawalbeh D, Al-U’datt MH, Wan Ahmad WAN, Ahmad F, Sarbon NM. Recent Advances in In Vitro and In Vivo Studies of Antioxidant, ACE-Inhibitory and Anti-Inflammatory Peptides from Legume Protein Hydrolysates. Molecules 2023; 28:2423. [PMID: 36985395 PMCID: PMC10056053 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of legumes has been shown to enhance health and lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and specific types of cancer. ACE inhibitors, antioxidants, and synthetic anti-inflammatories are widely used today; however, they have several undesirable side effects. Thus, researchers have focused on finding ACE inhibitors, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory peptides from natural sources, such as legumes. Recently, in vitro and in vivo research has shown the bioactive peptides generated from legume protein hydrolysates, such as antioxidant, anti-hypertensive, anticancer, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, etc., in the context of different disease mitigation. Therefore, this review aims to describe the recent advances in in vitro and in vivo studies of antioxidant, anti-hypertensive and anti-inflammatory peptides isolated from legume-derived protein hydrolysates. The results indicated that antioxidant legumes peptides are characterized by short-chain sequence amino acids and possess anti-hypertensive properties by reducing systolic blood pressure (SBP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Deia Tawalbeh
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad H. Al-U’datt
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | | | - Fisal Ahmad
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Norizah Mhd Sarbon
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
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The effects of citrus flavonoids and their metabolites on immune-mediated intestinal barrier disruption using an in vitro co-culture model. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:1917-1926. [PMID: 35086580 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521004797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hesperidin and naringin are citrus flavonoids with known anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Evidence from previous studies indicates that both these compounds and the metabolites that are formed during intestinal metabolism are able to exert beneficial effects on intestinal barrier function and inflammation. However, so far, studies investigating the relative contributions of the various compounds are lacking. Therefore, we assessed the effect of citrus flavonoids and their intestinal metabolites on immune-mediated barrier disruption in an in vitro co-culture model. Caco-2 cell monolayers were placed in co-culture with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated THP-1-Blue™ NF-κB cells for 30 h. At baseline, the citrus flavonoids and their metabolites were added to the apical compartment (50 or 100 µM per compound). After 24 h, THP-1 cells were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the basolateral compartment for 6 h. Incubation with citrus flavonoids and their metabolites did not induce changes in transepithelial electrical resistance, fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4 kDa permeation or gene expression of barrier-related genes for any of the compounds tested. After LPS stimulation, NF-κB activity was significantly inhibited by all compounds (100 µM) except for one metabolite (all P ≤ 0·03). LPS-induced production of the cytokines IL-8, TNF-α and IL-6 was inhibited by most compounds (all P < 0·05). However, levels of IL-1β were increased, which may contribute to the lack of an improved barrier effect. Overall, these results suggest that citrus flavonoids may decrease intestinal inflammation via reduction of NF-κB activity and that the parent compounds and their metabolites formed during intestinal metabolism are able to exert comparable effects.
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Toll-Like Receptor 4: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer's Disease. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:7924199. [PMID: 36046763 PMCID: PMC9420645 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7924199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that primarily manifests as memory deficits and cognitive impairment and has created health challenges for patients and society. In AD, amyloid β-protein (Aβ) induces Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation in microglia. Activation of TLR4 induces downstream signaling pathways and promotes the generation of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which also trigger the activation of astrocytes and influence amyloid-dependent neuronal death. Therefore, TLR4 may be an important molecular target for treating AD by regulating neuroinflammation. Moreover, TLR4 regulates apoptosis, autophagy, and gut microbiota and is closely related to AD. This article reviews the role of TLR4 in the pathogenesis of AD and a range of potential therapies targeting TLR4 for AD. Elucidating the regulatory mechanism of TLR4 in AD may provide valuable clues for developing new therapeutic strategies for AD.
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El-Banna AA, Darwish RS, Ghareeb DA, Yassin AM, Abdulmalek SA, Dawood HM. Metabolic profiling of Lantana camara L. using UPLC-MS/MS and revealing its inflammation-related targets using network pharmacology-based and molecular docking analyses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14828. [PMID: 36050423 PMCID: PMC9436993 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lantana camara L. is widely used in folk medicine for alleviation of inflammatory disorders, but studies that proved this folk use and that revealed the molecular mechanism of action in inflammation mitigation are not enough. Therefore, this study aimed to identify L. camara phytoconstituents using UPLC-MS/MS and explain their multi-level mechanism of action in inflammation alleviation using network pharmacology analysis together with molecular docking and in vitro testing. Fifty-seven phytoconstituents were identified in L. camara extract, from which the top hit compounds related to inflammation were ferulic acid, catechin gallate, myricetin and iso-ferulic acid. Whereas the most enriched inflammation related genes were PRKCA, RELA, IL2, MAPK 14 and FOS. Furthermore, the most enriched inflammation-related pathways were PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. Molecular docking revealed that catechin gallate possessed the lowest binding energy against PRKCA, RELA and IL2, while myricetin had the most stabilized interaction against MAPK14 and FOS. In vitro cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory testing indicated that L. camara extract is safer than piroxicam and has a strong anti-inflammatory activity comparable to it. This study is a first step in proving the folk uses of L. camara in palliating inflammatory ailments and institutes the groundwork for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa A El-Banna
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.
| | - Reham S Darwish
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Ghareeb
- Center of Excellence for Drug Preclinical Studies (CE-DPS), Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industry Development Center, City of Scientific Research & Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.,Bio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman M Yassin
- Center of Excellence for Drug Preclinical Studies (CE-DPS), Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industry Development Center, City of Scientific Research & Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa A Abdulmalek
- Center of Excellence for Drug Preclinical Studies (CE-DPS), Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industry Development Center, City of Scientific Research & Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.,Bio-Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hend M Dawood
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
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Chen Y, An Q, Yang ST, Chen YL, Tong L, Ji LL. MicroRNA-124 attenuates PTSD-like behaviors and reduces the level of inflammatory cytokines by downregulating the expression of TRAF6 in the hippocampus of rats following single-prolonged stress. Exp Neurol 2022; 356:114154. [PMID: 35753367 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA-124-3p (miR-124) plays an important role in neuroprotective functions in various neurological disorders, but whether miR-124 participates in the pathological progression of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) remains poorly understood. METHODS In the present study, we assessed the level of neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of rats exposed to single-prolonged stress (SPS) by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining, while the effect of miR-124 on PTSD-like behaviors was evaluated by behavioral test. RESULTS Our results showed that the level of miR-124 in the hippocampus of rats exposed to SPS was downregulated and that the upregulation of miR-124 could alleviate the PTSD-like behaviors of SPS rats. This effect of miR-124 might be achieved through TNF receptor-associated Factor 6 (TRAF6), which is a target gene of miR-124 and plays an important role in the immune and inflammatory reaction by regulating nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). Furthermore, we found that miR-124 not only decreased the level of proinflammatory cytokines but also increased the expression levels of synaptic proteins (PSD95 and synapsin I) and regulated the morphology of neurons. CONCLUSION These results suggested that miR-124 might attenuate PTSD-like behaviors and decrease the level of proinflammatory cytokines by downregulating the expression of TRAF6 in the hippocampus of rats exposed to SPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi An
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shu-Ting Yang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Lu Chen
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Tong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Li-Li Ji
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Huang Y, Cai Q, Liu H, Wang Y, Ma W. Remifentanil inhibits the inflammatory response of BV2 microglia and protects PC12 cells from damage caused by microglia activation. Bioengineered 2022; 13:13944-13955. [PMID: 35726401 PMCID: PMC9275917 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2080421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia acts as a critical player in neuroinflammation and neuronal injury. Remifentanil (Rem) has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory activity in several types of diseases. However, the role of Rem in microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is unclear. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Rem against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BV2 microglial and PC12 cell induced by activated BV2 microglia. Cell proliferative ability was assessed with cell counting kit-8 assay and cellular morphology was observed. ELISA assay was used to measure the expressions of PGE2 and inflammatory factors. The contents of p-NF-KB p65, p-IKKα/β, and COX2 were evaluated with the aid of western blot. The levels of NO and iNOS were assessed with Griess assay, qRT-PCR, and western blot. In addition, Tunel assay and western blot were performed to assess cell apoptosis. The data revealed that Rem alleviated BV2 microglial morphological injury induced by LPS. Furthermore, Rem suppressed inflammatory releases, iNOS, NO and PGE2 stimulated by LPS in activated BV2 cells. Moreover, Rem suppressed PC12 cell injury, the generations of inflammatory factors and cell apoptosis triggered by inflammatory mediators secreted from activated BV2 cells. These results suggest that Rem exhibited anti-neuroinflammatory activity in protecting PC12 cells against injury derived from LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankui Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qingxiang Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Huihui Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wuhua Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Jiang SQ, Pan T, Yu JL, Zhang Y, Wang T, Li P, Li F. Thermal and wine processing enhanced Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma ameliorate collagen Ⅱ induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 288:114993. [PMID: 35032583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.114993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma, a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, is derived from Clematis chinensis Osbeck, Clematis hexapetala Pall. and Clematis manshurica Rupr. This herb shows great effects on expelling wind and dispelling dampness in ancient and it has anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity in modern clinical application. AIM OF THE STUDY This experiment aimed to research anti-rheumatoid arthritis effect of crude and wine processed RC based on glycolysis metabolism to provide new ideas treating RA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Network pharmacology was applied to preliminarily forecast the potential pathways of common targets of RC and RA. RAW264.7 macrophages were induced by LPS, NO production, glucose uptake, lactate production, ROS and MMP were detected as instructions in vitro. ELISA was used to measure the content of HK2, PKM2 and LDHA involving in glycolysis process. Gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing in CIA rats. RESULTS Crude and wine processed RC had good anti-inflammatory effect by reducing NO in RAW264.7 macrophages and ameliorating inflammatory infiltration and cartilage surface erosion in CIA rats. Whether in LPS-induced macrophages or CIA rats, crude and wine processed RC could inhibit glycolysis by down-regulating the expression of PKM2, causing less glucose uptake and lactic acid, which lead to less ROS and higher MMP to normal. PI3K-AKT and HIF-1α pathways were deduced to possibly play a crucial part in controlling glycolysis metabolism by network pharmacology analysis. Besides, it was displayed that Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were prominent gut microbiota in CIA rats feces. CC-H and PZ-H groups could both increase the relative abundance of Firmicutes and decrease Bacteroidetes. These microbiota also played a role in RA pathological process via involving in energy metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and immune system. CONCLUSION Crude and wine processed RC have a good influence in ameliorating rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting glycolysis and modulating gut microbiota together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Qi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Ting Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Jia-Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resource, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, PR China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, PR China.
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12
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Huang F, Teng K, Liu Y, Wang T, Xia T, Yun F, Zhong J. Nisin Z attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced mastitis by inhibiting the ERK1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:3530-3543. [PMID: 35181137 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nisin Z is a possible alternative for treating bovine mastitis by inhibiting mastitis-causing pathogens and having anti-inflammatory activity. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of nisin Z on mastitis is unknown. Our study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of nisin Z on mastitis. Our results showed that nisin Z inhibited the activation of the ERK1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, decreased the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced MCF10A cells. After intraperitoneal injection, nisin Z significantly decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in the mammary gland, as well as decreased myeloperoxidase and pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum and mammary gland. Western blot analysis revealed that nisin Z also dramatically suppressed the activation of the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in LPS-induced mastitis mice. We also found that nisin Z treatment could enhance the blood-milk barrier. In summary, our study demonstrated that nisin Z exerted an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathway and promoting the blood-milk barrier on LPS-induced mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kunling Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yayong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tianqi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fangfei Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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HPLC–NMR-Based Chemical Profiling of Matricaria pubescens (Desf.) Schultz and Matricaria recutita and Their Protective Effects on UVA-Exposed Fibroblasts. SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sci4010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the chemical profile and the protective activity on fibroblasts of two Matricaria species: M. pubescens, which grows wild in Algeria, and M. recutita, which is cultivated in Greece. A comparative phytochemical investigation using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, coupled with Photodiode Array Detection and Mass Spectrometry (HPLC–PDA–MS) combined with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), was performed for the identification of the main constituents in the flowerheads of these medicinal plants. In M. pubescens more than 25 compounds were identified and/or isolated; among them are quercetagenin-3-O-glucopyranoside, reported for the first time in Matricaria sp., and two polyamines previously reported in other Asteraceae species. In M. recutita, which is the officially recognized species in Europe, 19 constituents were identified. To minimize time analysis, the structure elucidation was based on a multi-analytical approach directly on subfractions. Two representative polar extracts from each species were characterized chemically and further screened for their protective effects on 3T3 fibroblasts. The cells were exposed to a mild toxic dose of UVA light (6 J/cm2), in the presence of different concentrations of the extracts. Both M. recutita and M. pubescens extracts were effective. The methanolic extract was the best protective agent at lower concentrations (0.1 to 10 μg/mL), and hydromethanolic was best at higher ones (100–200 μg/mL). M. recutita exhibited the most enhanced cell viability in relation to those not exposed to UV control; it ranged from of 28 to 49% higher viability, depending on the dose, leading to the conclusion that the latter seems to exhibit potent cytoprotective activity and significant regeneration activity.
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Almutairi F, Tucker SL, Sarr D, Rada B. PI3K/ NF-κB-dependent TNF-α and HDAC activities facilitate LPS-induced RGS10 suppression in pulmonary macrophages. Cell Signal 2021; 86:110099. [PMID: 34339853 PMCID: PMC8406451 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Regulator of G-protein signaling 10 (RGS10) is a member of the superfamily of RGS proteins that canonically act as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs). RGS proteins accelerate GTP hydrolysis on the G-protein α subunits and result in termination of signaling pathways downstream of G protein-coupled receptors. Beyond its GAP function, RGS10 has emerged as an anti-inflammatory protein by inhibiting LPS-mediated NF-κB activation and expression of inflammatory cytokines, in particular TNF-α. Although RGS10 is abundantly expressed in resting macrophages, previous studies have shown that RGS10 expression is suppressed in macrophages following Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation by LPS. However, the molecular mechanism by which LPS induces Rgs10 silencing has not been clearly defined. The goal of the current study was to determine whether LPS silences Rgs10 expression through an NF-κB-mediated proinflammatory mechanism in pulmonary macrophages, a unique type of innate immune cells. We demonstrate that Rgs10 transcript and RGS10 protein levels are suppressed upon LPS treatment in the murine MH-S alveolar macrophage cell line. We show that pharmacological inhibition of PI3K/ NF-κB/p300 (NF-κB co-activator)/TNF-α signaling cascade and the activities of HDAC (1-3) enzymes block LPS-induced silencing of Rgs10 in MH-S cells as well as microglial BV2 cells and BMDMs. Further, loss of RGS10 generated by using CRISPR/Cas9 amplifies NF-κB phosphorylation and inflammatory gene expression following LPS treatment in MH-S cells. Together, our findings strongly provide critical insight into the molecular mechanism underlying RGS10 suppression by LPS in pulmonary macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faris Almutairi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Samantha L Tucker
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Demba Sarr
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Balázs Rada
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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Kalinowska M, Gołębiewska E, Mazur L, Lewandowska H, Pruszyński M, Świderski G, Wyrwas M, Pawluczuk N, Lewandowski W. Crystal Structure, Spectroscopic Characterization, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity of New Mg(II) and Mn(II)/Na(I) Complexes of Isoferulic Acid. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:3236. [PMID: 34208366 PMCID: PMC8231219 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Mg(II) and heterometallic Mn(II)/Na(I) complexes of isoferulic acid (3-hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic acid, IFA) were synthesized and characterized by infrared spectroscopy FT-IR, FT-Raman, electronic absorption spectroscopy UV/VIS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The reaction of MgCl2 with isoferulic acid in the aqueous solutions of NaOH resulted in synthesis of the complex salt of the general formula of [Mg(H2O)6]⋅(C10H9O4)2⋅6H2O. The crystal structure of this compound consists of discrete octahedral [Mg(H2O)6]2+ cations, isoferulic acid anions and solvent water molecules. The hydrated metal cations are arranged among the organic layers. The multiple hydrogen-bonding interactions established between the coordinated and lattice water molecules and the functional groups of the ligand stabilize the 3D architecture of the crystal. The use of MnCl2 instead of MgCl2 led to the formation of the Mn(II)/Na(I) complex of the general formula [Mn3Na2(C10H7O4)8(H2O)8]. The compound is a 3D coordination polymer composed of centrosymmetric pentanuclear subunits. The antioxidant activity of these compounds was evaluated by assays based on different antioxidant mechanisms of action, i.e., with •OH, DPPH• and ABTS•+ radicals as well as CUPRAC (cupric ions reducing power) and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays. The pro-oxidant property of compounds was measured as the rate of oxidation of Trolox. The Mg(II) and Mn(II)/Na(I) complexes with isoferulic acid showed higher antioxidant activity than ligand alone in DPPH (IFA, IC50 = 365.27 μM, Mg(II) IFA IC50 = 153.50 μM, Mn(II)/Na(I) IFA IC50 = 149.00 μM) and CUPRAC assays (IFA 40.92 μM of Trolox, Mg(II) IFA 87.93 μM and Mn(II)/Na(I) IFA 105.85 μM of Trolox; for compounds' concentration 10 μM). Mg(II) IFA is a better scavenger of •OH than IFA and Mn(II)/Na(I) IFA complex. There was no distinct difference in ABTS•+ and lipid peroxidation assays between isoferulic acid and its Mg(II) complex, while Mn(II)/Na(I) complex showed lower activity than these compounds. The tested complexes displayed only slight antiproliferative activity tested in HaCaT human immortalized keratinocyte cell line within the solubility range. The Mn(II)/Na(I) IFA (16 μM in medium) caused an 87% (±5%) decrease in cell viability, the Mg salt caused a comparable, i.e., 87% (±4%) viability decrease in a concentration of 45 μM, while IFA caused this level of cell activity attenuation (87% ± 5%) at the concentration of 1582 μM (significant at α = 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kalinowska
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Civil Engineering and Energetics, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (E.G.); (G.Ś.); (M.W.); (N.P.); (W.L.)
| | - Ewelina Gołębiewska
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Civil Engineering and Energetics, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (E.G.); (G.Ś.); (M.W.); (N.P.); (W.L.)
| | - Liliana Mazur
- Department of General and Coordination Chemistry and Crystallography, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, M. C. Skłodowskiej Sq. 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Hanna Lewandowska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Street, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (H.L.); (M.P.)
| | - Marek Pruszyński
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 16 Dorodna Street, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (H.L.); (M.P.)
- NOMATEN Centre of Excellence, National Centre of Nuclear Research, 7 Andrzeja Soltana Street, 05-400 Otwock, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Świderski
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Civil Engineering and Energetics, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (E.G.); (G.Ś.); (M.W.); (N.P.); (W.L.)
| | - Marta Wyrwas
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Civil Engineering and Energetics, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (E.G.); (G.Ś.); (M.W.); (N.P.); (W.L.)
| | - Natalia Pawluczuk
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Civil Engineering and Energetics, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (E.G.); (G.Ś.); (M.W.); (N.P.); (W.L.)
| | - Włodzimierz Lewandowski
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Civil Engineering and Energetics, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (E.G.); (G.Ś.); (M.W.); (N.P.); (W.L.)
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Abdul Rahim R, Jayusman PA, Muhammad N, Mohamed N, Lim V, Ahmad NH, Mohamad S, Abdul Hamid ZA, Ahmad F, Mokhtar N, Shuid AN, Mohamed IN. Potential Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Spilanthes acmella and Its Health Beneficial Effects: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:3532. [PMID: 33805420 PMCID: PMC8036807 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation are two common risk factors of various life-threatening disease pathogenesis. In recent years, medicinal plants that possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were extensively studied for their potential role in treating and preventing diseases. Spilanthes acmella (S. acmella), which has been traditionally used to treat toothache in Malaysia, contains various active metabolites responsible for its anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and anesthetic bioactivities. These bioactivities were attributed to bioactive compounds, such as phenolic, flavonoids, and alkamides. The review focused on the summarization of in vitro and in vivo experimental reports on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions of S. acmella, as well as how they contributed to potential health benefits in lowering the risk of diseases that were related to oxidative stress. The molecular mechanism of S. acmella in reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory targets, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), transcription factors of the nuclear factor-κB family (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were discussed. Besides, the antioxidant potential of S. acmella was measured by total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonid content (TFC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and superoxide anion radical scavenging (SOD) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) assays. This review revealed that S. acmella might have a potential role as a reservoir of bioactive agents contributing to the observed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and health beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohanizah Abdul Rahim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.A.R.); (P.A.J.); (N.M.); (N.M.)
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Malaysia; (V.L.); (N.H.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Putri Ayu Jayusman
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.A.R.); (P.A.J.); (N.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Norliza Muhammad
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.A.R.); (P.A.J.); (N.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Norazlina Mohamed
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.A.R.); (P.A.J.); (N.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Vuanghao Lim
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Malaysia; (V.L.); (N.H.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Nor Hazwani Ahmad
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Malaysia; (V.L.); (N.H.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Sharlina Mohamad
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Malaysia; (V.L.); (N.H.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Zuratul Ain Abdul Hamid
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, NibongTebal 14300, Malaysia;
| | - Fairus Ahmad
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Norfilza Mokhtar
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | | | - Isa Naina Mohamed
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.A.R.); (P.A.J.); (N.M.); (N.M.)
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Ginsenosides for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases: Pharmacology and mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110915. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Lv J, Wang W, Zhu X, Xu X, Yan Q, Lu J, Shi X, Wang Z, Zhou J, Huang X, Wang J, Duan W, Shen X. DW14006 as a direct AMPKα1 activator improves pathology of AD model mice by regulating microglial phagocytosis and neuroinflammation. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 90:55-69. [PMID: 32739363 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressively neurodegenerative disease with typical hallmarks of amyloid β (Aβ) plaque accumulation, neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) formation and neuronal death extension. In AD brain, activated microglia phagocytose Aβ and neuronal debris, but also aggravate inflammation stress by releasing inflammatory factors and cytotoxins. Improving microglia on Aβ catabolism and neuroinflammatory intervention is thus believed to be a promising therapeutic strategy for AD. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is highly expressed in microglia with AMPKα1 being tightly implicated in neuroinflammatory events. Since indirect AMPKα1 activators may cause side effects with undesired intracellular AMP/ATP ratio, we focused on direct AMPKα1 activator study by exploring its potential function in ameliorating AD-like pathology of AD model mice. Here, we reported that direct AMPKα1 activator DW14006 (2-(3-(7-chloro-6-(2'-hydroxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-3-yl)phenyl)acetic acid) effectively improved learning and memory impairments of APP/PS1 mice, and the underlying mechanisms have been intensively investigated. DW14006 reduced amyloid plaque deposition by promoting microglial o-Aβ42 phagocytosis and ameliorated innate immune response by polarizing microglia to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. It selectively enhanced microglial phagocytosis of o-Aβ42 by upgrading scavenger receptor CD36 through AMPKα1/PPARγ/CD36 signaling and suppressed inflammation by AMPKα1/IκB/NFκB signaling. Together, our work has detailed the crosstalk between AMPKα1 and microglia in AD model mice, and highlighted the potential of DW14006 in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlu Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xialin Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoju Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiuying Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaofan Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhengyu Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinpei Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiaying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Wenhu Duan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xu Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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20
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He Y, Ruganzu JB, Zheng Q, Wu X, Jin H, Peng X, Ding B, Lin C, Ji S, Ma Y, Yang W. Silencing of LRP1 Exacerbates Inflammatory Response Via TLR4/NF-κB/MAPKs Signaling Pathways in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:3727-3743. [PMID: 32572761 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Activation of glial cells (including microglia and astrocytes) appears central to the initiation and progression of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is a major receptor for amyloid-β (Aβ), which plays a critical role in AD pathogenesis. LRP1 regulates inflammatory response by modulating the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and phagocytosis. However, the effects of LRP1 on microglia- and astrocytic cell-mediated neuroinflammation and their underlying mechanisms in AD remain unclear. Therefore, using APP/PS1 transgenic mice, we found that LRP1 is downregulated during disease progression. Silencing of brain LRP1 markedly exacerbated AD-related neuropathology including Aβ deposition, neuroinflammation, and synaptic and neuronal loss, which was accompanied by a decline in spatial cognitive ability. Further mechanistic study revealed that silencing of LRP1 initiated neuroinflammation by increasing microgliosis and astrogliosis, enhancing pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and regulating toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Taken together, these findings indicated that LRP1 suppresses microglia and astrocytic cell activation by modulating TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways. Our results further provide insights into the role of LRP1 in AD pathogenesis and highlight LRP1 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying He
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi province, China
| | - John Bosco Ruganzu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Quzhao Zheng
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi province, China.,Medical Undergraduates of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangyuan Wu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi province, China.,Medical Undergraduates of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Xiaoqian Peng
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Bo Ding
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi province, China.,Medical Undergraduates of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Chengheng Lin
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi province, China.,Medical Undergraduates of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengfeng Ji
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Yanbing Ma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi province, China
| | - Weina Yang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi province, China.
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21
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Long Z, Feng G, Zhao N, Wu L, Zhu H. Isoferulic acid inhibits human leukemia cell growth through induction of G2/M‑phase arrest and inhibition of Akt/mTOR signaling. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1035-1042. [PMID: 31922221 PMCID: PMC7002969 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematologic malignancy is a serious disease that develops quickly and aggressively, severely threatening human health owing to its high mortality. The current study aimed to evaluate the antitumor effects of isoferulic acid (IFA) on leukemia cells and investigate the possible molecular mechanisms. Hematologic cancer cell lines (Raji, K562 and Jurkat) were treated with IFA in a dose‑dependent manner and proliferation was measured by a cell proliferation assay. Cell cycle arrest was detected via flow cytometry using propidium iodide (PI) staining. Cell apoptosis and apoptosis‑associated signal pathways were analyzed via Annexin V/PI staining and western blot assays, respectively. IFA inhibited cell viability, induced cell apoptosis and triggered cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase in Raji, K562, and Jurkat cells in a dose‑dependent manner. In response to IFA treatment, the levels of cleaved poly(ADP‑ribose) polymerase and cleaved caspase‑3 were increased in Jurkat and K562 cells, which was associated with increased phosphorylation of Cdc2 and reduction of Cyclin B1 levels. IFA remarkably attenuated the phosphorylation of mTOR and Akt in Jurkat cells. Collectively, the present data suggested that IFA had therapeutic effects on Jurkat, K562, and Raji cells, indicating it as a promising candidate for the treatment of hematologic malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Long
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
| | - Guangjia Feng
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201399, P.R. China
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22
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Zhong L, Wu Y, Geng J, Lei X, Wu Q, Chen T. Glabridin downregulates lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in BV-2 microglial cells via suppression of nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_497_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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23
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Peng S, Jia J, Sun J, Xie Q, Zhang X, Deng Y, Yi L. LXW7 attenuates inflammation via suppressing Akt/nuclear factor kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathways in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 77:105963. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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24
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Erinacine C on NO Production Through Down-Regulation of NF-κB and Activation of Nrf2-Mediated HO-1 in BV2 Microglial Cells Treated with LPS. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183317. [PMID: 31547327 PMCID: PMC6766924 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties of Hericium erinaceus extracts, including the fact that the active ingredient erinacine C (EC) can induce the synthesis of nerve growth factor. However, there is limited research on the use and mechanisms of action of EC in treating neuroinflammation. Hence, in this study, the inflammatory responses of human BV2 microglial cells induced by LPS were used to establish a model to assess the anti-neuroinflammatory efficacy of EC and to clarify its possible mechanisms of action. The results showed that EC was able to reduce the levels of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) proteins produced by LPS-induced BV2 cells, in addition to inhibiting the expression of NF-κB and phosphorylation of IκBα (p-IκBα) proteins. Moreover, EC was found to inhibit the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) protein, and to enhance the nuclear transcription factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and the expression of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein. Taken together, these data suggest that the mechanism of action of EC involves the inhibition of IκB, p-IκBα, and iNOS expressions and the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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25
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Guo W, Liu B, Hu G, Kan X, Li Y, Gong Q, Xu D, Ma H, Cao Y, Huang B, Fu S, Liu J. Vanillin protects the blood–milk barrier and inhibits the inflammatory response in LPS-induced mastitis in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 365:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Yu Y, Zhang M, Hu Y, Zhao Y, Teng F, Lv X, Li J, Zhang Y, Hatch GM, Chen L. Increased Bioavailable Berberine Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Through Attenuation of NFκB and JNK Signaling Pathways. Int Heart J 2018; 59:1378-1388. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.17-458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University
| | - Yali Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University
| | - Yali Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University
| | - Fei Teng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University
| | - Xiaoyan Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, First Hospital of Jilin University
| | - Grant M. Hatch
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Manitoba Institute of Child Health
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Jilin University
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27
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Kim KH, Kim EJ, Kwun MJ, Lee JY, Bach TT, Eum SM, Choi JY, Cho S, Kim SJ, Jeong SI, Joo M. Suppression of lung inflammation by the methanol extract of Spilanthes acmella Murray is related to differential regulation of NF-κB and Nrf2. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 217:89-97. [PMID: 29432855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Although Spilanthes acmella has been used to relieve inflammation, fever, pain, or infection in traditional Asian medicine, experimental evidence supporting these functions is scarce. Here, we examined an anti-inflammatory function and a possible underlying mechanism of S. acmella Murray (SAM). MATERIALS AND METHOD The methanol extract of SAM was fingerprinted by HPLC. C57BL/6 mice were administered with a single intratracheal (i.t.) LPS and 2 h later with a single i.t. SAM. The effect of SAM on lung inflammation was assessed by histology, semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and MPO assay of lung tissue. The effects of SAM on a pro-inflammatory factor NF-κB and an anti-inflammatory factor Nrf2 were analyzed by immunoblotting of nuclear proteins and by semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis of mRNA of the genes governed by these transcription factors. V5-Nrf2 was precipitated by an anti-V5 antibody and the ubiquitinated V5-Nrf2 was revealed by immunoblotting of HA-tagged ubiquitin. RESULTS The i.t. SAM robustly diminished a neutrophilic lung inflammation induced by i.t. LPS treatment of mice. In RAW 264.7 cells, SAM suppressed the nuclear localization of NF-κB and the expression of NF-κB-dependent cytokine genes. SAM increased the level of Nrf2 in the nucleus and the expression of Nrf2-dependent genes while suppressing ubiquitination of Nrf2. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that SAM can suppress a neutrophilic inflammation in mouse lungs, which is associated with suppressed NF-κB and activated Nrf2. Our results provide experimental evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory function of S. acmella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyun Ha Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kwun
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lee
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Tran The Bach
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cay Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Sang Mi Eum
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yong Choi
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Hospital, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sayeon Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular and Pharmacological Cell Biology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jun Kim
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju 57810, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Il Jeong
- Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju 57810, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungsoo Joo
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Feiyangchangweiyan Capsule on Rat Pelvic Inflammatory Disease through JNK/NF- κB Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:8476147. [PMID: 29681986 PMCID: PMC5851019 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8476147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives In this study, we aimed to illustrate the preventive effect and possible mechanisms of Feiyangchangweiyan capsule (FYCWYC) on rat pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) model. Methods To construct the rat PID model, upper genital tract was infected by multipathogen, and then drugs were orally administered for 8 days. The histological examination, immunohistochemical analysis, and ELISA were carried out. Furthermore, Western blotting was used to analyze the expression of Akt, MAPKs, NF-κB p65, and IκB-α in uterus. Results As the results showed, infiltrations of neutrophils and lymphocytes in uterus were significantly suppressed, and IL-1β, IL-6, CXCL-1, and TNF-α were also reduced in a dose-dependent manner. We also found that FYCWYC inhibited apoptosis induced by infection. Furthermore, FYCWYC could block the infection-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB. We found that FYCWYC treatment only decreased the phosphorylation of JNK induced by infection and had no effects on Akt and P38. Additional, the effects of SP600125, an inhibitor of phospho-JNK, were similar to the results of FYCWYC. Conclusions Taken together, our results demonstrated that FYCWYC had anti-inflammatory effect in pathogen-induced PID model, and the mechanism might be through inhibiting NF-κB nuclear translocation which is mediated by JNK.
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29
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Guo C, Yang L, Wan CX, Xia YZ, Zhang C, Chen MH, Wang ZD, Li ZR, Li XM, Geng YD, Kong LY. Anti-neuroinflammatory effect of Sophoraflavanone G from Sophora alopecuroides in LPS-activated BV2 microglia by MAPK, JAK/STAT and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1629-1637. [PMID: 27823627 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation plays a vital role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative conditions. Sophora alopecuroides is widely used in traditional Uighur's medicine for the treatment of inflammation. Sophoraflavanone G (SG), a major flavonoid found in the S. alopecuroides, has also been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity both in vitro and in vivo. However, the effect of S. alopecuroides and SG on microglia-mediated neuroinflammation has not been investigated. PURPOSE The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of S. alopecuroides and SG against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BV2 microglial cells and to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS We measured the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines, and analyzed relevant mRNA and protein expressions by qRT-PCR and Western Blot. RESULTS S. alopecuroides extract (SAE) and SG inhibited the LPS-induced release of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Additionally, SG reduced gene expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, and further decreased the protein expressions of iNOS and COX-2. Mechanism studies found that SG down-regulated phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), and up-regulated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression via nuclear translocation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). In addition, SG inhibited the cytotoxicity of conditioned medium prepared by LPS-activated BV2 microglia to neuronal PC12 cells and improved cell viability. CONCLUSION S. alopecuroides and SG displayed anti-neuroinflammatory activity in LPS-activated BV2 microglia. SG was able to inhibit the neuroinflammation by MAPKs, PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways and might act as a natural therapeutic agent to be further developed for the treatment of various neuroinflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chuan-Xing Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuan-Zheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Meng-Han Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhen-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhong-Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xue-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ya-Di Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Yu H, Shi L, Qi G, Zhao S, Gao Y, Li Y. Gypenoside Protects Cardiomyocytes against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the Inhibition of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Mediated Nuclear Factor Kappa B Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:148. [PMID: 27313532 PMCID: PMC4887463 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gypenoside (GP) is the major effective component of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and has been shown to encompass a variety of pharmacological activities. In this study, we investigated whether GP is able to protect cardiomyocytes against injury myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by using in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation-reoxygenation (OGD/R) H9c2 cell model and in vivo myocardial I/R rat model. We found that GP pre-treatment alleviated the impairments on the cardiac structure and function in I/R injured rats. Moreover, pre-treatment with GP significantly inhibited IκB-α phosphorylation and nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 subunit translocation into nuclei. GP and the MAPK pathway inhibitors also reduced the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 in vitro. Specific inhibition of ERK, JNK, and p38 increased the cell viability of OGD/R injured cells. Taken together, our data demonstrated that GP protects cardiomyocytes against I/R injury by inhibiting NF-κB p65 activation via the MAPK signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that GP may be a promising agent for the prevention or treatment of myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Liye Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Guoxian Qi
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Shijie Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
| | - Yuzhe Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang, China
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Song F, Zeng K, Liao L, Yu Q, Tu P, Wang X. Schizandrin A Inhibits Microglia-Mediated Neuroninflammation through Inhibiting TRAF6-NF-κB and Jak2-Stat3 Signaling Pathways. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149991. [PMID: 26919063 PMCID: PMC4768966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglial-mediated neuroinflammation has been established as playing a vital role in pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, rational regulation of microglia functions to inhibit inflammation injury may be a logical and promising approach to neurodegenerative disease therapy. The purposes of the present study were to explore the neuroprotective effects and potential molecular mechanism of Schizandrin A (Sch A), a lignin compound isolated from Schisandra chinesnesis. Our observations showed that Sch A could significantly down-regulate the increased production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) both in BV-2 cells and primary microglia cells. Moreover, Sch A exerted obvious neuroprotective effects against inflammatory injury in neurons when exposed to microglia-conditioned medium. Investigations of the mechanism showed the anti-inflammatory effect of Sch A involved the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression levels and inhibition of the LPS-induced TRAF6-IKKβ-NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, inhibition of Jak2-Stat3 pathway activation and Stat3 nuclear translocation also was observed. In conclusion, SchA can exert anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects by alleviating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation injury through inhibiting the TRAF6-IKKβ-NF-κB and Jak2-Stat3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjiao Song
- Research Studio of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Kewu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lixi Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Research Studio of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Research Studio of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
- * E-mail:
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32
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Gao XJ, Guo MY, Zhang ZC, Wang TC, Cao YG, Zhang NS. Bergenin Plays an Anti-Inflammatory Role via the Modulation of MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathways in a Mouse Model of LPS-Induced Mastitis. Inflammation 2016; 38:1142-50. [PMID: 25487780 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-0079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis is a major disease in humans and other animals and is characterized by mammary gland inflammation. It is a major disease of the dairy industry. Bergenin is an active constituent of the plants of genus Bergenia. Research indicates that bergenin has multiple biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the protective effects and mechanism of bergenin on the mammary glands during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mastitis. In this study, mice were treated with LPS to induce mammary gland mastitis as a model for the disease. Bergenin treatment was initiated after LPS stimulation for 24 h. The results indicated that bergenin attenuated inflammatory cell infiltration and decreased the concentration of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, which were increased in LPS-induced mouse mastitis. Furthermore, bergenin downregulated the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway proteins in mammary glands with mastitis. In conclusion, bergenin reduced the expression of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 proinflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways, and it may represent a novel treatment strategy for mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-jiao Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, People's Republic of China
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33
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Zeng KW, Yu Q, Liao LX, Song FJ, Lv HN, Jiang Y, Tu PF. Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effect of MC13, a Novel Coumarin Compound From Condiment Murraya, Through Inhibiting Lipopolysaccharide-Induced TRAF6-TAK1-NF-κB, P38/ERK MAPKS and Jak2-Stat1/Stat3 Pathways. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:1286-99. [PMID: 25676331 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
MC13 is a novel coumarin compound found in Murraya, an economic crop whose leaves are widely used as condiment (curry) in cuisine. The aims of the present study were to investigate the neuroprotective effects of MC13 on microglia-mediated inflammatory injury model as well as potential molecular mechanism. Cell viability and apoptosis assay demonstrated that MC13 was not toxic to neurons and significantly protected neurons from microglia-mediated inflammatory injury upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Results showed that MC13 markedly inhibited LPS-induced production of various inflammatory mediators, including nitrite oxide (Griess method), TNF-α and IL-6 (ELISA assay) in a concentration-dependent manner. Mechanism study showed that MC13 could suppress the activation of NF-κB, which was the central regulator for inflammatory response, and also decreased the interaction of TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1)-binding protein (TAB2) with TAK1 and TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF6), leading to the decreased phosphorylation levels of NF-κB upstream regulators such as IκB and IκB kinase (IKK). MC13 also significantly down-regulated the phosphorylation levels of ERK and p38 MAPKs, which played key roles in microglia-mediated inflammatory response. Furthermore, MC13 inhibited Jak2-dependent Stat1/3 signaling pathway activation by blocking Jak2 phosphorylation, Stat1/3 phosphorylation, and nuclear translocation. Taken together, our results demonstrated that MC13 protected neurons from microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory injury by inhibiting TRAF6-TAK1-NF-κB, p38/ERK MAPKs, and Jak2-Stat1/3 pathways. Finally, MC13 might interact with LPS and interfere LPS-binding to cell membrane surface. These findings suggested that coumarin might act as a potential medicinal agent for treating neuroinflammation as well as inflammation-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Research Studio of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Li-Xi Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fang-Jiao Song
- Research Studio of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Hai-Ning Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
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Fu Y, Liu H, Song C, Zhang F, Liu Y, Wu J, Wen X, Liang C, Ma K, Li L, Zhang X, Shao X, Sun Y, Du Y, Song Y. Mangiferin regulates cognitive deficits and heme oxygenase-1 induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 29:950-956. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Sun GY, Chen Z, Jasmer KJ, Chuang DY, Gu Z, Hannink M, Simonyi A. Quercetin Attenuates Inflammatory Responses in BV-2 Microglial Cells: Role of MAPKs on the Nrf2 Pathway and Induction of Heme Oxygenase-1. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141509. [PMID: 26505893 PMCID: PMC4624710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A large group of flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables have been suggested to elicit health benefits due mainly to their anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Recent studies with immune cells have demonstrated inhibition of these inflammatory responses through down-regulation of the pro-inflammatory pathway involving NF-κB and up-regulation of the anti-oxidative pathway involving Nrf2. In the present study, the murine BV-2 microglial cells were used to compare anti-inflammatory activity of quercetin and cyanidin, two flavonoids differing by their alpha, beta keto carbonyl group. Quercetin was 10 folds more potent than cyanidin in inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO production as well as stimulation of Nrf2-induced heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein expression. In addition, quercetin demonstrated enhanced ability to stimulate HO-1 protein expression when cells were treated with LPS. In an attempt to unveil mechanism(s) for quercetin to enhance Nrf2/HO-1 activity under endotoxic stress, results pointed to an increase in phospho-p38MAPK expression upon addition of quercetin to LPS. In addition, pharmacological inhibitors for phospho-p38MAPK and MEK1/2 for ERK1/2 further showed that these MAPKs target different sites of the Nrf2 pathway that regulates HO-1 expression. However, inhibition of LPS-induced NO by quercetin was not fully reversed by TinPPIX, a specific inhibitor for HO-1 activity. Taken together, results suggest an important role of quercetin to regulate inflammatory responses in microglial cells and its ability to upregulate HO-1 against endotoxic stress through involvement of MAPKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Y. Sun
- Biochemistry Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Zihong Chen
- Biochemistry Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kimberly J. Jasmer
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Dennis Y. Chuang
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Zezong Gu
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Mark Hannink
- Biochemistry Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Agnes Simonyi
- Biochemistry Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Center for Botanical Interaction Studies, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
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Dilshara MG, Lee KT, Lee CM, Choi YH, Lee HJ, Choi IW, Kim GY. New compound, 5-O-isoferuloyl-2-deoxy-D-ribono-γ-lacton from Clematis mandshurica: Anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 24:14-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kowalczyk A, Kleniewska P, Kolodziejczyk M, Skibska B, Goraca A. The role of endothelin-1 and endothelin receptor antagonists in inflammatory response and sepsis. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2014; 63:41-52. [PMID: 25288367 PMCID: PMC4289534 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-014-0310-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor, mainly secreted by endothelial cells. It acts through two types of receptors: ETA and ETB. Apart from a vasoconstrictive action, ET-1 causes fibrosis of the vascular cells and stimulates production of reactive oxygen species. It is claimed that ET-1 induces proinflammatory mechanisms, increasing superoxide anion production and cytokine secretion. A recent study has shown that ET-1 is involved in the activation of transcription factors such as NF-κB and expression of proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6. It has been also indicated that during endotoxaemia, the plasma level of ET-1 is increased in various animal species. Some authors indicate a clear correlation between endothelin plasma level and morbidity/mortality rate in septic patients. These pathological effects of ET-1 may be abrogated at least partly by endothelin receptor blockade. ET-1 receptor antagonists may be useful for prevention of various vascular diseases. This review summarises the current knowledge regarding endothelin receptor antagonists and the role of ET-1 in sepsis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Kowalczyk
- Chair of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland,
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Ma L, Liu H, Xie Z, Yang S, Xu W, Hou J, Yu B. Ginsenoside Rb3 protects cardiomyocytes against ischemia-reperfusion injury via the inhibition of JNK-mediated NF-κB pathway: a mouse cardiomyocyte model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103628. [PMID: 25084093 PMCID: PMC4118887 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rb3 is extracted from the plant Panax ginseng and plays important roles in cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. NF-κB is an important transcription factor involved in I/R injury. However, the underlying mechanism of ginsenoside Rb3 in myocardial I/R injury remains poorly understood. In the current study, a model of myocardial I/R injury was induced via oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) followed by reperfusion (OGD-Rep) in mouse cardiac myoblast H9c2 cells. Our data demonstrate that ginsenoside Rb3 suppresses OGD-Rep-induced cell apoptosis by the suppression of ROS generation. By detecting the NF-κB signaling pathway, we discover that the protective effect of ginsenoside Rb3 on the OGD-Rep injury is closely related to the inhibition of NF-κB activity. Ginsenoside Rb3 inhibits the upregulation of phospho-IκB-α and nuclear translocation of NF-κB subunit p65 which are induced by ORD-Rep injury. In addition, the extract also inhibits the OGD-Rep-induced increase in the expression of inflammation-related factors, such as IL-6, TNF-α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), MMP-2 and MMP-9. However, LPS treatment alleviates the protective roles of ginsenoside Rb3 and activates the NF-κB pathway. Finally, the upstream factors of NF-κB were analyzed, including the Akt/Foxo3a and MAPK signaling pathways. We find that ginsenoside Rb3 pretreatment only decreases the phosphorylation of JNK induced by OGD-Rep injury, an indicator of the MAPK pathway. Importantly, an inhibitor of phospho-JNK, SP600125, protects against OGD-Rep induced apoptosis and inhibited NF-κB signaling pathway, similar to the roles of ginsenoside Rb3. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the protective effect of ginsenoside Rb3 on the OGD-Rep injury is attributed to the inhibition of JNK-mediated NF-κB activation, suggesting that ginsenoside Rb3 has the potential to serve as a novel therapeutic agent for myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zulong Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jingbo Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- * E-mail:
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Lipophilic profile of the edible halophyte Salicornia ramosissima. Food Chem 2014; 165:330-6. [PMID: 25038683 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Salicornia ramosissima J. Woods is considered, in the Iberian Peninsula and France, a gourmet product. Nevertheless, is one of the less studied Salicornia species. In this work, GC-MS was employed to, for the first time; fully characterise the lipophilic profile of S. ramosissima and to assess the effect of natural and extra irrigation in that profile. The obtained data showed esterified and free fatty acids, fatty alcohol, sterols, alkanes and aromatic acid derivatives, being palmitic acid, tetracosanol and octacosanol the most abundant compounds. The extra irrigation increases significantly (P<0.001) the content of esterified lipophilic compounds. Stigmastanol, 24-ethyl-δ(22)-coprostenol, several secondary fatty alcohols and dicarboxylic acids were identified for the first time in Salicornia genus. Several of the detected compounds are known to have health benefits and our results suggest that S. ramosissima should be considered as an important dietary source of lipophilic phytochemicals.
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Song J, Kang SM, Lee WT, Park KA, Lee KM, Lee JE. Glutathione protects brain endothelial cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress by increasing nrf2 expression. Exp Neurobiol 2014; 23:93-103. [PMID: 24737944 PMCID: PMC3984961 DOI: 10.5607/en.2014.23.1.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) protects cells against oxidative stress by playing an antioxidant role. Protecting brain endothelial cells under oxidative stress is key to treating cerebrovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease. In present study, we investigated the protective effect of GSH on brain endothelial cells against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We showed that GSH attenuates H2O2-induced production of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), an oxidized form of deoxiguanosine. GSH also prevents H2O2-induced reduction of tight junction proteins. Finally, GSH increases the level of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and activates Nrf2-mediated signaling pathways. Thus, GSH is a promising target to protect brain endothelial cells in conditions of brain injury and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-572, Korea
| | - So Mang Kang
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-572, Korea. ; BK21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-572, Korea
| | - Won Taek Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-572, Korea
| | - Kyung Ah Park
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-572, Korea
| | - Kyoung Min Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-572, Korea. ; BK21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-572, Korea
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