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Barshidi A, Ardeshiri K, Ebrahimi F, Alian F, Shekarchi AA, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. The role of exhausted natural killer cells in the immunopathogenesis and treatment of leukemia. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:59. [PMID: 38254135 PMCID: PMC10802000 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01428-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune responses to cancer cells involve both innate and acquired immune cells. In the meantime, the most attention has been drawn to the adaptive immune cells, especially T cells, while, it is now well known that the innate immune cells, especially natural killer (NK) cells, play a vital role in defending against malignancies. While the immune cells are trying to eliminate malignant cells, cancer cells try to prevent the function of these cells and suppress immune responses. The suppression of NK cells in various cancers can lead to the induction of an exhausted phenotype in NK cells, which will impair their function. Recent studies have shown that the occurrence of this phenotype in various types of leukemic malignancies can affect the prognosis of the disease, and targeting these cells may be considered a new immunotherapy method in the treatment of leukemia. Therefore, a detailed study of exhausted NK cells in leukemic diseases can help both to understand the mechanisms of leukemia progression and to design new treatment methods by creating a deeper understanding of these cells. Here, we will comprehensively review the immunobiology of exhausted NK cells and their role in various leukemic malignancies. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asal Barshidi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Keivan Ardeshiri
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farbod Ebrahimi
- Nanoparticle Process Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Fatemeh Alian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Shekarchi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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2
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Truxova I, Cibula D, Spisek R, Fucikova J. Targeting tumor-associated macrophages for successful immunotherapy of ovarian carcinoma. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-005968. [PMID: 36822672 PMCID: PMC9950980 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is among the top five causes of cancer-related death in women, largely reflecting early, prediagnosis dissemination of malignant cells to the peritoneum. Despite improvements in medical therapies, particularly with the implementation of novel drugs targeting homologous recombination deficiency, the survival rates of patients with EOC remain low. Unlike other neoplasms, EOC remains relatively insensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors, which is correlated with a tumor microenvironment (TME) characterized by poor infiltration by immune cells and active immunosuppression dominated by immune components with tumor-promoting properties, especially tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). In recent years, TAMs have attracted interest as potential therapeutic targets by seeking to reverse the immunosuppression in the TME and enhance the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy. Here, we review the key biological features of TAMs that affect tumor progression and their relevance as potential targets for treating EOC. We especially focus on the therapies that might modulate the recruitment, polarization, survival, and functional properties of TAMs in the TME of EOC that can be harnessed to develop superior combinatorial regimens with immunotherapy for the clinical care of patients with EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Cibula
- Gynecologic Oncology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio Biotech, Prague, Czech Republic,Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Fucikova
- Sotio Biotech, Prague, Czech Republic .,Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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3
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Sharma T, Nisar S, Masoodi T, Macha MA, Uddin S, Akil AAS, Pandita TK, Singh M, Bhat AA. Current and emerging biomarkers in ovarian cancer diagnosis; CA125 and beyond. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 133:85-114. [PMID: 36707207 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Its five-year survival rates are worse than the two most common gynecological cancers, cervical and endometrial. This is because it is asymptomatic in the early stages and usually detected in the advanced metastasized stage. Thus, survival is increasingly dependent on timely diagnosis. The delay in detection is contributed partly by the occurrence of non-specific clinical symptoms in the early stages and the lack of effective biomarkers and detection approaches. This underlines the need for biomarker identification and clinical validation, enabling earlier diagnosis, effective prognosis, and response to therapy. Apart from the traditional diagnostic biomarkers for OC, several new biomarkers have been delineated using advanced high-throughput molecular approaches in recent years. They are currently being clinically evaluated for their true diagnostic potential. In this chapter, we document the commonly utilized traditional screening markers and recently identified emerging biomarkers in OC diagnosis, focusing on secretory and protein biomarkers. We also briefly reviewed the recent advances and prospects in OC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarang Sharma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B.R Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sabah Nisar
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Laboratory of Cancer immunology and genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tej K Pandita
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B.R Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
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Chen H, Huang S, Niu P, Zhu Y, Zhou J, Jiang L, Li D, Shi D. Cardamonin suppresses pro-tumor function of macrophages by decreasing M2 polarization on ovarian cancer cells via mTOR inhibition. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 26:175-188. [PMID: 35860007 PMCID: PMC9278033 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most fatal tumor characterized by an abundance of tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltrations in women. Functional TAMs, which mainly present M2-like phenotypes and perform key functions on tumor progress, have been considered an attractive target for ovarian cancer therapy. Cardamonin showed an excellent antitumor activity in multiple tumor cells. This study aimed to investigate the role of cardamonin on TAMs. With the conditioned medium of ovarian cancer cells, macrophages were induced to TAMs and, accordingly, promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Cardamonin suppressed alternatively activated (M2) polarization of TAMs and downregulated TAM-secreted tumorigenic factors, thereby hindering the pro-tumor function of TAMs on ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, cardamonin inhibited tumor growth in xenograft nude mice and lowered the expression of CD163 and CD206. Mechanistically, cardamonin inhibited the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), resulting in the suppression of M2 polarization. Furthermore, STAT3 is tightly related with mTOR activity. Altogether, these findings implied that cardamonin suppresses the pro-tumor function of TAMs by decreasing M2 polarization via mTOR inhibition, and cardamonin may be a potential therapeutic agent for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajiao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 18 Daoshan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China
| | - Sheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, PR China
| | - Peiguang Niu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 18 Daoshan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China
| | - Yanting Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 18 Daoshan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China
| | - Jintuo Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 18 Daoshan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 18 Daoshan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China
| | - Danyun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 18 Daoshan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China
| | - Daohua Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 18 Daoshan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China
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Lei T, Zhang Y, Wang X, Liu W, Feng W, Song W. Integrated analysis of the functions and clinical implications of exosome circRNAs in colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:919014. [PMID: 35924235 PMCID: PMC9339618 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.919014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exosome circRNAs (Exo-circRNAs) regulate cancer progression and intercellular crosstalk in the tumor microenvironment. However, their biological functions and potential clinical importance in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unknown. Methods We used exoRBase 2.0 data to identify significant differentially expressed Exo-circRNAs (Exo-DEcircRNAs) in CRC patients and healthy individuals. The least absolute shrinkage and selector operation algorithm, support vector machine-recursive feature elimination, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to select candidate Exo-circRNAs and constructed a diagnostic model. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed to confirm the expression of Exo-circRNAs in the serum samples of patients. Furthermore, we constructed an exosome circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network for CRC. Upregulated target mRNAs in the exosome competing endogenous RNA (Exo-ceRNA) network were used for functional and pathway enrichment analyses. We identified 22 immune cell types in CRC patients using CIBERSORT. Correlation analysis revealed the relationship between Exo-ceRNA networks and immune-infiltrating cells. The relationship between target mRNAs and immunotherapeutic response was also explored. Finally, using the Kaplan–Meier survival curve, a prognostic upregulated target mRNA was screened. We constructed a survival-related Exo-ceRNA subnetwork and explored the correlation between the Exo-ceRNA subnetwork and immune-infiltrating cells. Results The constructed diagnostic model had a high area under the curve (AUC) value in both the training and validation sets (AUC = 0.744 and AUC = 0.741, respectively). qRT-PCR confirmed that the Exo-circRNAs were differentially expressed in CRC serum samples. We constructed Exo-ceRNA networks based on the interactions among seven upregulated Exo-DEcircRNAs, eight differentially expressed miRNAs, and twenty-two differentially expressed mRNAs in CRC. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the upregulated target mRNAs were significantly enriched in cytoskeletal motor activity and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Co-expression analysis showed a significant correlation between the Exo-ceRNA networks and immune cells. The significant correlation was observed between target mRNAs and the immunotherapeutic response. Additionally, based on the prognostic upregulated target gene (RGS2), we constructed a survival-related Exo-ceRNA subnetwork (Exosome hsa_circ_0050334-hsa_miR_182_5p-RGS2). CIBERSORT results revealed that the Exo-ceRNA subnetwork correlated with M2 macrophages (P = 4.6e-07, R = 0.31). Conclusions Our study identified an Exo-diagnostic model, established Exo-ceRNA networks, and explored the correlation between Exo-ceRNA networks and immune cell infiltration in CRC. These findings elucidated the biological functions of Exo-circRNAs and their potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Lei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongxin Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenwei Liu
- Center for Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wu Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wu Song,
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Schweer D, McAtee A, Neupane K, Richards C, Ueland F, Kolesar J. Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Ovarian Cancer: Implications for Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2220. [PMID: 35565348 PMCID: PMC9101750 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) has been implicated to play an important role in the progression of ovarian cancer. One of the most important components of the TME is tumor associated macrophages (TAMs). Phenotypically, macrophages are broadly categorized as M1 pro-inflammatory or M2 anti-inflammatory, based on the cytokines and chemokines that they secrete. The tumor microenvironment is associated with macrophages of an M2 phenotype which suppress the surrounding immune environment, assist tumor cells in evading immune targeting, and support tumor growth and metastasis. Contrarily, M1 macrophages help mount an immune response against tumors, and are associated with a more favorable prognosis in solid tumors. One of the characteristic indicators of a poor prognosis in ovarian cancer is the overrepresentation of M2-type TAMs. As such, therapeutic modalities targeting TME and TAMs are of increasing interest. Pharmacological approaches to eliminate TAMs, include decreasing macrophage survival and recruitment and increasing phagocytosis, have been underwhelming. Clinical strategies targeting these macrophage subtypes via repolarization to an M1 antitumoral state deserve increasing attention, and may serve as a new modality for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Schweer
- Markey Cancer Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (D.S.); (F.U.)
| | - Annabel McAtee
- School of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
| | - Khaga Neupane
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (K.N.); (C.R.)
| | - Christopher Richards
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (K.N.); (C.R.)
| | - Frederick Ueland
- Markey Cancer Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (D.S.); (F.U.)
| | - Jill Kolesar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40202, USA
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Li X, Wang S, Mu W, Barry J, Han A, Carpenter RL, Jiang BH, Peiper SC, Mahoney MG, Aplin AE, Ren H, He J. Reactive oxygen species reprogram macrophages to suppress antitumor immune response through the exosomal miR-155-5p/PD-L1 pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:41. [PMID: 35086548 PMCID: PMC8793215 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02244-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer cells have an imbalance in oxidation-reduction (redox) homeostasis. Understanding the precise mechanisms and the impact of the altered redox microenvironment on the immunologic reaction to tumors is limited. Methods We isolated exosomes from ovarian cancer cells through ultracentrifuge and characterized by Western-blots and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis. 2D, 3D-coculture tumor model, and 3D live cell imaging were used to study the interactions between tumor cells, macrophages and CD3 T cells in vitro. The role of exosomal miR-155-5p in tumor growth was evaluated in xenograft nude mice models and immune-competent mice models. Flow cytometry and flow sorting were used to determine the expression levels of miR-155-5p and PD-L1 in ascites and splenic macrophages, and the percentages of CD3 T cells subpopulations. Results The elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) greatly downregulated exosomal miR-155-5p expression in tumor cells. Neutralization of ROS with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) increased the levels of miR-155-5p in tumor exosomes that were taken up by macrophages, leading to reduction of macrophage migration and tumor spheroid infiltration. We further found that programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a functional target of miR-155-5p. Co-culture of macrophages pre-treated with NAC-derived tumor exosomes or exosomal miR-155-5p with T-lymphocytes leading to an increased percentage of CD8+ T-lymphocyte and a decreased CD3+ T cell apoptosis through PD-L1 downregulation. Tumor growth in nude mice was delayed by treatment with NAC-derived tumor exosomes. Delivery of tumor exo-miR-155-5p in immune-intact mice suppressed ovarian cancer progression and macrophage infiltration, and activated CD8+ T cell function. It is of note that exo-miR-155-5p inhibited tumor growth more potently than the PD-L1 antibody, suggesting that in addition to PD-L1, other pathways may also be targeted by this approach. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate a novel mechanism, ROS-induced down-regulation of miR-155-5p, by which tumors modulate the microenvironment that favors tumor growth. Understanding of the negative impact of ROS on the tumor immune response will improve current therapeutic strategies. Targeting miR-155-5p can be an alternative approach to prevent formation of an immunosuppressive TME through downregulation of PD-L1 and other immunosuppressive factors. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02244-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Shaomin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Wei Mu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jennifer Barry
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Anna Han
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Richard L Carpenter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Bing-Hua Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Stephen C Peiper
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Mỹ G Mahoney
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Andrew E Aplin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, P. R. China.
| | - Jun He
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy & Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA.
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Belotti Y, Lim EH, Lim CT. The Role of the Extracellular Matrix and Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells in the Prognostication of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:404. [PMID: 35053566 PMCID: PMC8773831 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the eighth global leading cause of cancer-related death among women. The most common form is the high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). No further improvements in the 5-year overall survival have been seen over the last 40 years since the adoption of platinum- and taxane-based chemotherapy. Hence, a better understanding of the mechanisms governing this aggressive phenotype would help identify better therapeutic strategies. Recent research linked onset, progression, and response to treatment with dysregulated components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in many types of cancer. In this study, using bioinformatic approaches, we identified a 19-gene TME-related HGSOC prognostic genetic panel (19 prognostic genes (PLXNB2, HMCN2, NDNF, NTN1, TGFBI, CHAD, CLEC5A, PLXNA1, CST9, LOXL4, MMP17, PI3, PRSS1, SERPINA10, TLL1, CBLN2, IL26, NRG4, and WNT9A) by assessing the RNA sequencing data of 342 tumors available in the TCGA database. Using machine learning, we found that specific patterns of infiltrating immune cells characterized each risk group. Furthermore, we demonstrated the predictive potential of our risk score across different platforms and its improved prognostic performance compared with other gene panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Belotti
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
| | - Elaine Hsuen Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610, Singapore;
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore
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Senent Y, Ajona D, González-Martín A, Pio R, Tavira B. The Complement System in Ovarian Cancer: An Underexplored Old Path. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3806. [PMID: 34359708 PMCID: PMC8345190 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynecological cancers. Current therapeutic strategies allow temporary control of the disease, but most patients develop resistance to treatment. Moreover, although successful in a range of solid tumors, immunotherapy has yielded only modest results in ovarian cancer. Emerging evidence underscores the relevance of the components of innate and adaptive immunity in ovarian cancer progression and response to treatment. Particularly, over the last decade, the complement system, a pillar of innate immunity, has emerged as a major regulator of the tumor microenvironment in cancer immunity. Tumor-associated complement activation may support chronic inflammation, promote an immunosuppressive microenvironment, induce angiogenesis, and activate cancer-related signaling pathways. Recent insights suggest an important role of complement effectors, such as C1q or anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a, and their receptors C3aR and C5aR1 in ovarian cancer progression. Nevertheless, the implication of these factors in different clinical contexts is still poorly understood. Detailed knowledge of the interplay between ovarian cancer cells and complement is required to develop new immunotherapy combinations and biomarkers. In this context, we discuss the possibility of targeting complement to overcome some of the hurdles encountered in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaiza Senent
- Translational Oncology Group, Program in Solid Tumors, Cima University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (Y.S.); (A.G.-M.); (R.P.); (B.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Ajona
- Translational Oncology Group, Program in Solid Tumors, Cima University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (Y.S.); (A.G.-M.); (R.P.); (B.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio González-Martín
- Translational Oncology Group, Program in Solid Tumors, Cima University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (Y.S.); (A.G.-M.); (R.P.); (B.T.)
- Department of Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, 28027 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Pio
- Translational Oncology Group, Program in Solid Tumors, Cima University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (Y.S.); (A.G.-M.); (R.P.); (B.T.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Tavira
- Translational Oncology Group, Program in Solid Tumors, Cima University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (Y.S.); (A.G.-M.); (R.P.); (B.T.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Radu MR, Prădatu A, Duică F, Micu R, Creţoiu SM, Suciu N, Creţoiu D, Varlas VN, Rădoi VE. Ovarian Cancer: Biomarkers and Targeted Therapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:693. [PMID: 34207450 PMCID: PMC8235073 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common causes of death in women as survival is highly dependent on the stage of the disease. Ovarian cancer is typically diagnosed in the late stage due to the fact that in the early phases is mostly asymptomatic. Genomic instability is one of the hallmarks of ovarian cancer. While ovarian cancer is stratified into different clinical subtypes, there still exists extensive genetic and progressive diversity within each subtype. Early detection of the disorder is one of the most important steps that facilitate a favorable prognosis and a good response to medical therapy for the patients. In targeted therapies, individual patients are treated by agents targeting the changes in tumor cells that help them grow, divide and spread. Currently, in gynecological malignancies, potential therapeutic targets include tumor-intrinsic signaling pathways, angiogenesis, homologous-recombination deficiency, hormone receptors, and immunologic factors. Ovarian cancer is usually diagnosed in the final stages, partially due to the absence of an effective screening strategy, although, over the times, numerous biomarkers have been studied and used to assess the status, progression, and efficacy of the drug therapy in this type of disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Raluca Radu
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, 020395 Bucharest, Romania; (M.R.R.); (A.P.); (F.D.); (N.S.)
| | - Alina Prădatu
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, 020395 Bucharest, Romania; (M.R.R.); (A.P.); (F.D.); (N.S.)
| | - Florentina Duică
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, 020395 Bucharest, Romania; (M.R.R.); (A.P.); (F.D.); (N.S.)
| | - Romeo Micu
- Department of Mother and Child, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Sanda Maria Creţoiu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Nicolae Suciu
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, 020395 Bucharest, Romania; (M.R.R.); (A.P.); (F.D.); (N.S.)
- Division of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Polizu Clinical Hospital, 020395 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dragoş Creţoiu
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, 020395 Bucharest, Romania; (M.R.R.); (A.P.); (F.D.); (N.S.)
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Valentin Nicolae Varlas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 01171 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viorica Elena Rădoi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Polizu Clinical Hospital, 020395 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Medical Genetics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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11
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Ethanol Extracts of Solanum lyratum Thunb Regulate Ovarian Cancer Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) via the ROS-Mediated p53 Pathway. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:5569354. [PMID: 33869638 PMCID: PMC8035038 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5569354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a type of common gynecological tumors with high incidence and poor survival. The anticancer effects of the traditional Chinese medicine Solanum lyratum Thunb (SLT) have been intensively investigated in various cancers but in ovarian cancer is rare. The current study is aimed at investigating the effect of SLT on ovarian cancer cells. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and MTT assays indicated that SLT concentrations of 0.25 and 0.5 μg/mL were not cytotoxic and had significant inhibitory effects on the cell viabilities of A2780 and SKOV3 cells, hence were used for subsequent experiments. Flow cytometric and western blot analysis revealed that SLT effectively suppressed ovarian cancer cell proliferation via inducing cell cycle arrest and increasing apoptosis. Cell cycle and apoptosis-related protein expressions were also regulated in SLT-treated cells. Moreover, DCFH-DA and western blot assays demonstrated that SLT enhanced ROS accumulation and subsequently activated the p53 signaling pathway. However, SLT-regulated ovarian cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and EMT were significantly reversed by an ROS inhibitor (NAC, N-acetyl-L-cysteine). Furthermore, A2780 and SKOV3 cells cocultured with M0 macrophages showed that SLT activated the polarization of M0 macrophages to M1 macrophages and inhibited the polarization to M2 macrophages, with the increased percentage of CD86+ cells and decreased percentage of CD206+ cells were detected. In summary, this study illustrated the anticancer effects of SLT on ovarian cancer cells, suggesting that SLT may have the potential to provide basic evidence for the discovery of antiovarian cancer agents.
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12
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Zhang H, Yu Y, Wang J, Han Y, Ren T, Huang Y, Chen C, Huang Q, Wang W, Niu J, Lou J, Guo W. Macrophages-derived exosomal lncRNA LIFR-AS1 promotes osteosarcoma cell progression via miR-29a/NFIA axis. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:192. [PMID: 33794884 PMCID: PMC8017664 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01893-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in young people. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been reported to play an important role in the development of osteosarcoma. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown and need to be elucidated. Recently, exosomes have been reported as the crucial mediator between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. And a lot of lncRNAs have been reported to act as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors in osteosarcoma. In this research, we aim to explore the role of macrophages-derived exosomal lncRNA in osteosarcoma development and further elucidated the potential molecular mechanisms involved. Methods TAMs were differentiated from human mononuclear cells THP-1, and a high-throughput microarray assay was used to analyze the dysregulated lncRNAs and miRNAs in osteosarcoma cells co-cultured with macrophages-derived exosomes. Western blot, qRT-PCR assays, and Dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to verify the interaction among LIFR-AS1, miR-29a, and NFIA. Cck-8, EdU, colony formation assay, wound-healing, and transwell assay were performed to explore the characterize the proliferation and metastasis ability of OS cells. And qPCR, Western blots, immunohistochemistry, and cell immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of relative genes or proteins. Results In this study, we found that THP-1-induced macrophage-derived exosomes could facilitate osteosarcoma cell progression both in vitro and in vivo. Then, the results of the high-throughput microarray assay showed that LIFR-AS1 was highly expressed and miR-29a was lowly expressed. Furthermore, LIFR-AS1 was identified as a miR-29a sponge, and NFIA was validated as a direct target of miR-29a. Functional assays demonstrated that knockdown of exosomal LIFR-AS1 could attenuate the promotion effects of macrophages-derived exosomes on osteosarcoma cell progression and miR-29a inhibition could reserve the effect of LIFR-AS1-knockdown exosomes. Correspondingly, NFIA-knockdown could partially reverse the tumor inhibition effect of miR-29a on osteosarcoma cells. Conclusions Taken together, macrophages-derived exosomal lncRNA LIFR-AS1 can promote osteosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion, and restrain cell apoptosis via miR-29a/NFIA axis, which can act as a potential novel therapeutic target for osteosarcoma therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-01893-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyang Yu
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Han
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Ren
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Huang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglong Chen
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingshan Huang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfang Niu
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbing Lou
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Liang H, Bai Y, Wang H, Yang X. Identification of LncRNA Prognostic Markers for Ovarian Cancer by Integration of Co-expression and CeRNA Network. Front Genet 2021; 11:566497. [PMID: 33664764 PMCID: PMC7920993 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.566497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OC), one of the most prevalent gynecological malignancies, is characterized by late detection and dismal prognosis. Recent studies show that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks influence immune infiltration and cancer prognosis. However, the function of lncRNA in OC immune infiltration and prognosis remains unclear. Methods Transcriptomes of 378 OC samples and clinical data were retrieved from the TCGA repository. Modules related to immune cells were identified using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Functional enrichment analysis and survival analysis were then performed for the identification of immune-related lncRNAs in the brown module using Cox regression model. Finally, a ceRNA network was constructed by using the lncRNAs and mRNAs from the brown module. Results We found lncRNAs and mRNAs in the brown module to be significantly associated with immune cells in OC and identified 4 lncRNAs as potential OC prognostic markers. We further established that lncRNAs in the ceRNA network influence OC immune infiltration and prognosis by regulating miRNA, ultimately modulating mRNA levels. Conclusion We have identified 4 lncRNAs as independent immune prognostic factors for OC. Furthermore, our findings offer novel insight into lncRNAs as OC immune and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huisheng Liang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuquan Bai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiangjun Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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14
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Cummings M, Freer C, Orsi NM. Targeting the tumour microenvironment in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 77:3-28. [PMID: 33607246 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer typically presents at an advanced stage, and although the majority of cases initially respond well to platinum-based therapies, chemoresistance almost always occurs leading to a poor long-term prognosis. While various cellular autonomous mechanisms contribute to intrinsic or acquired platinum resistance, the tumour microenvironment (TME) plays a central role in resistance to therapy and disease progression by providing cancer stem cell niches, promoting tumour cell metabolic reprogramming, reducing chemotherapy drug perfusion and promoting an immunosuppressive environment. As such, the TME is an attractive therapeutic target which has been the focus of intense research in recent years. This review provides an overview of the unique ovarian cancer TME and its role in disease progression and therapy resistance, highlighting some of the latest preclinical and clinical data on TME-targeted therapies. In particular, it focuses on strategies targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumour-associated macrophages, cancer stem cells and cancer cell metabolic vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cummings
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - C Freer
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom
| | - N M Orsi
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom; St James's Institute of Oncology, Bexley Wing, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, United Kingdom.
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15
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Xiang Y, Miao H. Lipid Metabolism in Tumor-Associated Macrophages. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1316:87-101. [PMID: 33740245 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-6785-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are essential components of the immune system in tumors. It can be recruited and educated to two mainly polarized subpopulations (M1-like and M2-like) of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to display anti-tumor or protumor function during the tumor occurrence and progression. Reprogramming of metabolism, especially lipid metabolism, is a typical characteristic of TAMs polarization, which was confirmed recently as a vital target for tumor therapy. However, the relationship between TAMs and lipid metabolism is still obscure in the past decade. In this review, we will first introduce the historical aspects of TAMs, and then discuss the correlation of main lipids (triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids) to TAMs activation and summarize the mechanisms by which lipid metabolism mediated tumor escape the immunological surveillance as well as currently available drugs targeting these mechanisms. We hope that this chapter will give a better understanding of lipid metabolism in TAMs for those who are interested in this field, and lay a foundation to develop novel strategies for tumor therapy by targeting lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuancai Xiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongming Miao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Yan S, Fang J, Chen Y, Xie Y, Zhang S, Zhu X, Fang F. Comprehensive analysis of prognostic gene signatures based on immune infiltration of ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1205. [PMID: 33287740 PMCID: PMC7720540 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07695-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OV) is one of the most common malignant tumors of gynecology oncology. The lack of effective early diagnosis methods and treatment strategies result in a low five-year survival rate. Also, immunotherapy plays an important auxiliary role in the treatment of advanced OV patient, so it is of great significance to find out effective immune-related tumor markers for the diagnosis and treatment of OV. METHODS Based on the consensus clustering analysis of single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) score transformed via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) mRNA profile, we obtained two groups with high and low levels of immune infiltration. Multiple machine learning methods were conducted to explore prognostic genes associated with immune infiltration. Simultaneously, the correlation between the expression of mark genes and immune cells components was explored. RESULTS A prognostic classifier including 5 genes (CXCL11, S1PR4, TNFRSF17, FPR1 and DHRS95) was established and its robust efficacy for predicting overall survival was validated via 1129 OV samples. Some significant variations of copy number on gene loci were found between two risk groups and it showed that patients with fine chemosensitivity has lower risk score than patient with poor chemosensitivity (P = 0.013). The high and low-risk groups showed significantly different distribution (P < 0.001) of five immune cells (Monocytes, Macrophages M1, Macrophages M2, T cells CD4 menory and T cells CD8). CONCLUSION The present study identified five prognostic genes associated with immune infiltration of OV, which may provide some potential clinical implications for OV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibai Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Juntao Fang
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584, CX, The Netherlands
| | - Yongcai Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, 81 Lingnan North Avenue, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, 81 Lingnan North Avenue, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyou Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, 81 Lingnan North Avenue, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, Guangdong, China.
| | - Feng Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, 81 Lingnan North Avenue, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
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17
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Hallaj S, Ghorbani A, Mousavi-Aghdas SA, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Sevbitov A, Hashemi V, Hallaj T, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Angiotensin-converting enzyme as a new immunologic target for the new SARS-CoV-2. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 99:192-205. [PMID: 32864784 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the daily lives of millions of people worldwide and had caused significant mortality; hence, the assessment of therapeutic options is of great interest. The leading cause of death among COVID-19 patients is acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by hyperinflammation secondary to cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interferon-γ and interleukin-10, are the main mediators of CRS. Based on recent evidence, the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) II is known to be the target of the COVID-19 spike protein, which enables the virus to penetrate human cells. ACE II also possesses an anti-inflammatory role in many pathologies such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and other conditions, which are the main risk factors of poor prognosis in COVID-19 infection. Changes in tissue ACE II levels are associated with many diseases and hyperinflammatory states, and it is assumed that elevated levels of ACE II could aggravate the course of COVID-19 infection. Therefore, the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RASis) in COVID-19 patients could be hypothetically considered, though sufficient evidence is not presented by the scientific community. In this work, based on the most recent pieces of evidence, the roles of RAS and RASi in immunologic interactions are addressed. Furthermore, the molecular and immunologic aspects of RASi and their potential significance in COVID-19 are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Hallaj
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Anahita Ghorbani
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mousavi-Aghdas
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | | | - Andrey Sevbitov
- Head of Department of Propaedeutics of Dental Diseases, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Vida Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tooba Hallaj
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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