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Ghardashpour M, Saeedi M, Negarandeh R, Enderami SE, Ghorbani A, Lotfizadeh A, Jafari A, Arezoumandi A, Hassannia H, Molania T. Anti-inflammatory and tissue repair effect of cinnamaldehyde and nano cinnamaldehyde on gingival fibroblasts and macrophages. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:1014. [PMID: 38110929 PMCID: PMC10729471 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent aphthous stomatitis has a complex and inflammatory origin. Among the great variety of medications it is increasingly common to use herbal medicines due to the adverse side effects of chemical medications. Considering the anti-inflammatory properties of cinnamaldehyde and the lack of studies related to the effectiveness of its nano form; This study investigates the effect of cinnamaldehyde and nano cinnamaldehyde on the healing rate of recurrent aphthous stomatitis lesions. METHODS In a laboratory experiment, cinnamaldehyde was converted into niosomal nanoparticles. The niosome vesicles diameter and polydispersity index were measured at 25°C using a dynamic light scattering (DLS) Mastersizer 2000 (Malvern Panalytical technologies: UK) and Zetasizer Nano ZS system (Malvern Instruments Worcestershire: UK). After characterizing these particles, the (2,3-Bis-(2-Methoxy-4-Nitro-5-Sulfophenyl)-2H-Tetrazolium-5-Carboxanilide) [XTT] assay was used to assess the toxicity of cinnamaldehyde and nano cinnamaldehyde on gingival fibroblast (HGF) and macrophage (THP-1) cells. By determining the release of TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-β cytokines using ELISA kits, the level of tissue repair and anti-inflammatory capabilities of these two substances were evaluated. RESULTS The size and loading rate of the cinnamaldehyde nanoparticles were established after its creation. The optimized nanovesicle exhibited the following characteristics: particle size of 228.75 ± 2.38 nm, PDI of 0.244 ± 0.01, the zeta potential of -10.87 ± 1.09 mV and the drug encapsulation percentage of 66.72 ± 3.93%. PDIs range was between 0.242-0.274. The zeta potential values at 25°C were from -2.67 to -12.9 mV. The results of the XTT test demonstrated that nano cinnamaldehyde exhibited dose-dependent toxicity effects. Moreover, nano cinnamaldehyde released more TGF-β and had better reparative effects when taken at lower concentrations than cinnamaldehyde. CONCLUSION Nano cinnamaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde are effective in repairing tissue when used in non-toxic amounts. After confirmation in animal models, it is envisaged that these substances can be utilized to treat recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Majid Saeedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reza Negarandeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Enderami
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Anahita Ghorbani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Hadi Hassannia
- Department of Paramedicine, Amol School of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Tahereh Molania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Shen H, Zaitseva D, Yang Z, Forsythe L, Joergensen S, Zone AI, Shehu J, Maghraoui S, Ghorbani A, Davila A, Issadore D, Abella BS. Brain-derived extracellular vesicles as serologic markers of brain injury following cardiac arrest: A pilot feasibility study. Resuscitation 2023; 191:109937. [PMID: 37591443 PMCID: PMC10528050 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2023.109937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM Assessment of neurologic injury within the immediate hours following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitation remains a major clinical challenge. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), small bodies derived from cytosolic contents during injury, may provide the opportunity for "liquid biopsy" within hours following resuscitation, as they contain proteins and RNA linked to cell type of origin. We evaluated whether micro-RNA (miRNA) from serologic EVs were associated with post-arrest neurologic outcome. METHODS We obtained serial blood samples in an OHCA cohort. Using novel microfluidic techniques to isolate EVs based on EV surface marker GluR2 (present on excitatory neuronal dendrites enriched in hippocampal tissue), we employed reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) methods to measure a panel of miRNAs and tested association with dichotomized modified Rankin Score (mRS) at discharge. RESULTS EVs were assessed in 27 post-arrest patients between 7/3/2019 and 7/21/2022; 9 patients experienced good outcomes. Several miRNA species including miR-124 were statistically associated with mRS at discharge when measured within 6 hours of resuscitation (AUC = 0.84 for miR-124, p < 0.05). In a Kendall ranked correlation analysis, miRNA associations with outcome were not strongly correlated with standard serologic marker measurements, or amongst themselves, suggesting that miRNA provide distinct information from common protein biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS This study explores the associations between miRNAs from neuron-derived EVs (NDEs) and circulating protein biomarkers within 6 hours with neurologic outcome, suggesting a panel of very early biomarker may be useful during clinical care. Future work will be required to test larger cohorts with a broader panel of miRNA species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfei Shen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daria Zaitseva
- Penn Acute Research Collaboration, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zijian Yang
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Liam Forsythe
- Penn Acute Research Collaboration, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah Joergensen
- Penn Acute Research Collaboration, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alea I Zone
- Penn Acute Research Collaboration, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joana Shehu
- Penn Acute Research Collaboration, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sarah Maghraoui
- Penn Acute Research Collaboration, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anahita Ghorbani
- Penn Acute Research Collaboration, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Antonio Davila
- Penn Acute Research Collaboration, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Issadore
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin S Abella
- Penn Acute Research Collaboration, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Resuscitation Science, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Yu H, Habibi M, Motamedi K, Semirumi DT, Ghorbani A. Utilizing stem cells in reconstructive treatments for sports injuries: An innovative approach. Tissue Cell 2023; 83:102152. [PMID: 37451009 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Orthopedic tissue engineering is a rapidly evolving field that holds great promise for the reconstruction and natural repair of bone and joint tissues. Bone loss, fractures, and joint degeneration are common problems that can result from a variety of pathological conditions, and their restoration and replacement are essential not only for functional purposes but also for improving the quality of life for patients. However, current methods rely heavily on artificial materials that can potentially lead to further tissue damage, making tissue engineering a highly attractive alternative. This innovative approach involves the utilization of stem cells (SCs), which are seeded onto a scaffold to form a biological complex. Among these SCs, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) extracted from bone marrow and adipose tissue have shown immense potential for bone and joint tissue regeneration. The success of orthopedic tissue engineering is contingent on the careful selection of appropriate scaffolds and inducing molecules, which play a critical role in carrying and supporting cells and inducing their differentiation. This review article comprehensively analyzes the three vital aspects of orthopedic tissue engineering - SCs, scaffolds, and inducing molecules - in order to provide a deeper understanding of this emerging field and its potential for the future of orthopedic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Yu
- Physical Education Department, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen 448000, Hubei, China.
| | - M Habibi
- Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, UTE University, Calle Rumipamba S/N and Bourgeois, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600 077, India; Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam
| | - K Motamedi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - D T Semirumi
- Department of Biomaterials, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - A Ghorbani
- Biotechnology Department, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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Eslami G, Ghorbani A, Akbari J, Farmoudeh A, Faghih F, Moghimi M. Efficacy of Oral Mucoadhesive N-Acetylcysteine Tablets in Treatment of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Front Dent 2023; 20:18. [PMID: 37701655 PMCID: PMC10493123 DOI: 10.18502/fid.v20i18.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of oral mucoadhesive N-acetylcysteine (NAC) tablets for treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). Materials and Methods: Forty-nine patients with RAS were randomized to receive mucoadhesive NAC tablets (n=25) or placebo (n=24). Tablets were prescribed three times a day for 7 days in each group. Pain intensity was evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS) three times a day from day 1 to day 7. Also, patients were clinically examined on days 0 (before entering the study), 3, 5, and 7 using a metal caliper to measure the diameter of the lesions. The data were statistically analyzed and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Regarding the VAS score, all participants in the treatment group showed complete recovery on day 7 (P<0.01). Also, the diameter of the lesions was significantly smaller in the treatment group than the placebo group at the end of the study (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results of this clinical trial showed for the first time that mucoadhesive NAC tablets can significantly decrease pain and the diameter of RAS lesions without any systemic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gohar Eslami
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Anahita Ghorbani
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Jafar Akbari
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Farmoudeh
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Faghih
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Minoo Moghimi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Haghani Dogahe Z, Ghorbani A, Hallaj S, Mobayen M. Modified Score of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis to predict toxic epidermal necrolysis mortality. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 88:254-255. [PMID: 35595120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Haghani Dogahe
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Anahita Ghorbani
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Department of Emergency Medicine and Penn Acute Research Collaboration, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shahin Hallaj
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Wills Eye Hospital, Glaucoma Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mohammadreza Mobayen
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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Nadarajah R, Ludman P, Appelman Y, Brugaletta S, Budaj A, Bueno H, Huber K, Kunadian V, Leonardi S, Lettino M, Milasinovic D, Gale CP, Budaj A, Dagres N, Danchin N, Delgado V, Emberson J, Friberg O, Gale CP, Heyndrickx G, Iung B, James S, Kappetein AP, Maggioni AP, Maniadakis N, Nagy KV, Parati G, Petronio AS, Pietila M, Prescott E, Ruschitzka F, Van de Werf F, Weidinger F, Zeymer U, Gale CP, Beleslin B, Budaj A, Chioncel O, Dagres N, Danchin N, Emberson J, Erlinge D, Glikson M, Gray A, Kayikcioglu M, Maggioni AP, Nagy KV, Nedoshivin A, Petronio AP, Roos-Hesselink JW, Wallentin L, Zeymer U, Popescu BA, Adlam D, Caforio ALP, Capodanno D, Dweck M, Erlinge D, Glikson M, Hausleiter J, Iung B, Kayikcioglu M, Ludman P, Lund L, Maggioni AP, Matskeplishvili S, Meder B, Nagy KV, Nedoshivin A, Neglia D, Pasquet AA, Roos-Hesselink JW, Rossello FJ, Shaheen SM, Torbica A, Gale CP, Ludman PF, Lettino M, Bueno H, Huber K, Leonardi S, Budaj A, Milasinovic (Serbia) D, Brugaletta S, Appelman Y, Kunadian V, Al Mahmeed WAR, Kzhdryan H, Dumont C, Geppert A, Bajramovic NS, Cader FA, Beauloye C, Quesada D, Hlinomaz O, Liebetrau C, Marandi T, Shokry K, Bueno H, Kovacevic M, Crnomarkovic B, Cankovic M, Dabovic D, Jarakovic M, Pantic T, Trajkovic M, Pupic L, Ruzicic D, Cvetanovic D, Mansourati J, Obradovic I, Stankovic M, Loh PH, Kong W, Poh KK, Sia CH, Saw K, Liška D, Brozmannová D, Gbur M, Gale CP, Maxian R, Kovacic D, Poznic NG, Keric T, Kotnik G, Cercek M, Steblovnik K, Sustersic M, Cercek AC, Djokic I, Maisuradze D, Drnovsek B, Lipar L, Mocilnik M, Pleskovic A, Lainscak M, Crncic D, Nikojajevic I, Tibaut M, Cigut M, Leskovar B, Sinanis T, Furlan T, Grilj V, Rezun M, Mateo VM, Anguita MJF, Bustinza ICM, Quintana RB, Cimadevilla OCF, Fuertes J, Lopez F, Dharma S, Martin MD, Martinez L, Barrabes JA, Bañeras J, Belahnech Y, Ferreira-Gonzalez I, Jordan P, Lidon RM, Mila L, Sambola A, Orvin K, Sionis A, Bragagnini W, Cambra AD, Simon C, Burdeus MV, Ariza-Solé A, Alegre O, Alsina M, Ferrando JIL, Bosch X, Sinha A, Vidal P, Izquierdo M, Marin F, Esteve-Pastor MA, Tello-Montoliu A, Lopez-Garcia C, Rivera-Caravaca JM, Gil-Pérez P, Nicolas-Franco S, Keituqwa I, Farhan HA, Silva L, Blasco A, Escudier JM, Ortega J, Zamorano JL, Sanmartin M, Pereda DC, Rincon LM, Gonzalez P, Casado T, Sadeghipour P, Lopez-Sendon JL, Manjavacas AMI, Marin LAM, Sotelo LR, Rodriguez SOR, Bueno H, Martin R, Maruri R, Moreno G, Moris C, Gudmundsdottir I, Avanzas P, Ayesta A, Junco-Vicente A, Cubero-Gallego H, Pascual I, Sola NB, Rodriguez OA, Malagon L, Martinez-Basterra J, Arizcuren AM, Indolfi C, Romero J, Calleja AG, Fuertes DG, Crespín Crespín M, Bernal FJC, Ojeda FB, Padron AL, Cabeza MM, Vargas CM, Yanes G, Kitai T, Gonzalez MJG, Gonzalez Gonzalez J, Jorge P, De La Fuente B, Bermúdez MG, Perez-Lopez CMB, Basiero AB, Ruiz AC, Pamias RF, Chamero PS, Mirrakhimov E, Hidalgo-Urbano R, Garcia-Rubira JC, Seoane-Garcia T, Arroyo-Monino DF, Ruiz AB, Sanz-Girgas E, Bonet G, Rodríguez-López J, Scardino C, De Sousa D, Gustiene O, Elbasheer E, Humida A, Mahmoud H, Mohamed A, Hamid E, Hussein S, Abdelhameed M, Ali T, Ali Y, Eltayeb M, Philippe F, Ali M, Almubarak E, Badri M, Altaher S, Alla MD, Dellborg M, Dellborg H, Hultsberg-Olsson G, Marjeh YB, Abdin A, Erglis A, Alhussein F, Mgazeel F, Hammami R, Abid L, Bahloul A, Charfeddine S, Ellouze T, Canpolat U, Oksul M, Muderrisoglu H, Popovici M, Karacaglar E, Akgun A, Ari H, Ari S, Can V, Tuncay B, Kaya H, Dursun L, Kalenderoglu K, Tasar O, Kalpak O, Kilic S, Kucukosmanoglu M, Aytekin V, Baydar O, Demirci Y, Gürsoy E, Kilic A, Yildiz Ö, Arat-Ozkan A, Sinan UY, Dagva M, Gungor B, Sekerci SS, Zeren G, Erturk M, Demir AR, Yildirim C, Can C, Kayikcioglu M, Yagmur B, Oney S, Xuereb RG, Sabanoglu C, Inanc IH, Ziyrek M, Sen T, Astarcioglu MA, Kahraman F, Utku O, Celik A, Surmeli AO, Basaran O, Ahmad WAW, Demirbag R, Besli F, Gungoren F, Ingabire P, Mondo C, Ssemanda S, Semu T, Mulla AA, Atos JS, Wajid I, Appelman Y, Al Mahmeed WAR, Atallah B, Bakr K, Garrod R, Makia F, Eldeeb F, Abdekader R, Gomaa A, Kandasamy S, Maruthanayagam R, Nadar SK, Nakad G, Nair R, Mota P, Prior P, Mcdonald S, Rand J, Schumacher N, Abraheem A, Clark M, Coulding M, Qamar N, Turner V, Negahban AQ, Crew A, Hope S, Howson J, Jones S, Lancaster N, Nicholson A, Wray G, Donnelly P, Gierlotka M, Hammond L, Hammond S, Regan S, Watkin R, Papadopoulos C, Ludman P, Hutton K, Macdonald S, Nilsson A, Roberts S, Monteiro S, Garg S, Balachandran K, Mcdonald J, Singh R, Marsden K, Davies K, Desai H, Goddard W, Iqbal N, Chalil S, Dan GA, Galasko G, Assaf O, Benham L, Brown J, Collins S, Fleming C, Glen J, Mitchell M, Preston S, Uttley A, Radovanovic M, Lindsay S, Akhtar N, Atkinson C, Vinod M, Wilson A, Clifford P, Firoozan S, Yashoman M, Bowers N, Chaplin J, Reznik EV, Harvey S, Kononen M, Lopesdesousa G, Saraiva F, Sharma S, Cruddas E, Law J, Young E, Hoye A, Harper P, Balghith M, Rowe K, Been M, Cummins H, French E, Gibson C, Abraham JA, Hobson S, Kay A, Kent M, Wilkinson A, Mohamed A, Clark S, Duncan L, Ahmed IM, Khatiwada D, Mccarrick A, Wanda I, Read P, Afsar A, Rivers V, Theobald T, Cercek M, Bell S, Buckman C, Francis R, Peters G, Stables R, Morgan M, Noorzadeh M, Taylor B, Twiss S, Widdows P, Brozmannová D, Wilkinson V, Black M, Clark A, Clarkson N, Currie J, George L, Mcgee C, Izzat L, Lewis T, Omar Z, Aytekin V, Phillips S, Ahmed F, Mackie S, Oommen A, Phillips H, Sherwood M, Aleti S, Charles T, Jose M, Kolakaluri L, Ingabire P, Karoudi RA, Deery J, Hazelton T, Knight A, Price C, Turney S, Kardos A, Williams F, Wren L, Bega G, Alyavi B, Scaletta D, Kunadian V, Cullen K, Jones S, Kirkup E, Ripley DP, Matthews IG, Mcleod A, Runnett C, Thomas HE, Cartasegna L, Gunarathne A, Burton J, King R, Quinn J, Sobolewska J, Munt S, Porter J, Christenssen V, Leng K, Peachey T, Gomez VN, Temple N, Wells K, Viswanathan G, Taneja A, Cann E, Eglinton C, Hyams B, Jones E, Reed F, Smith J, Beltrano C, Affleck DC, Turner A, Ward T, Wilmshurst N, Stirrup J, Brunton M, Whyte A, Smith S, Murray V, Walker R, Novas V, Weston C, Brown C, Collier D, Curtis K, Dixon K, Wells T, Trim F, Ghosh J, Mavuri M, Barman L, Dumont C, Elliott K, Harrison R, Mallinson J, Neale T, Smith J, Toohie J, Turnbull A, Parker E, Hossain R, Cheeseman M, Balparda H, Hill J, Hood M, Hutchinson D, Mellows K, Pendlebury C, Storey RF, Barker J, Birchall K, Denney H, Housley K, Cardona M, Middle J, Kukreja N, Gati S, Kirk P, Lynch M, Srinivasan M, Szygula J, Baker P, Cruz C, Derigay J, Cigalini C, Lamb K, Nembhard S, Price A, Mamas M, Massey I, Wain J, Delaney J, Junejo S, Martin K, Obaid D, Hoyle V, Brinkworth E, Davies C, Evans D, Richards S, Thomas C, Williams M, Dayer M, Mills H, Roberts K, Goodchild F, Dámaso ES, Greig N, Kundu S, Donaldson D, Tonks L, Beekes M, Button H, Hurford F, Motherwell N, Summers-Wall J, Felmeden D, Tapia V, Keeling P, Sheikh U, Yonis A, Felmeden L, Hughes D, Micklewright L, Summerhayes A, Sutton J, Panoulas V, Prendergast C, Poghosyan K, Rogers P, Barker LN, Batin P, Conway D, Exley D, Fletcher A, Wright J, Nageh T, Hadebe B, Kunhunny S, Mkhitaryan S, Mshengu E, Karthikeyan VJ, Hamdan H, Cooper J, Dandy C, Parkinson V, Paterson P, Reddington S, Taylor T, Tierney C, Adamyan M, Jones KV, Broadley A, Beesley K, Buckley C, Hellyer C, Pippard L, Pitt-Kerby T, Azam J, Hayes C, Freshwater K, Boyadjian S, Johnson L, Mcgill Y, Redfearn H, Russell M, Alyavi A, Alyavi B, Uzokov J, Hayrapetyan H, Azaryan K, Tadevosyan M, Poghosyan H, Kzhdryan H, Vardanyan A, Huber K, Geppert A, Ahmed A, Weidinger F, Derntl M, Hasun M, Schuh-Eiring T, Riegler L, Haq MM, Cader FA, Dewan MAM, Fatema ME, Hasan AS, Islam MM, Khandoker F, Mayedah R, Nizam SU, Azam MG, Arefin MM, Jahan J, Schelfaut D, De Raedt H, Wouters S, Aerts S, Batjoens H, Beauloye C, Dechamps M, Pierard S, Van Caenegem O, Sinnaeve F, Claeys MJ, Snepvangers M, Somers V, Gevaert S, Schaubroek H, Vervaet P, Buysse M, Renders F, Dumoulein M, Hiltrop N, De Coninck M, Naessens S, Senesael I, Hoffer E, Pourbaix S, Beckers J, Dugauquier C, Jacquet S, Malmendier D, Massoz M, Evrard P, Collard L, Brunner P, Carlier S, Blockmans M, Mayne D, Timiras E, Guédès A, Demeure F, Hanet C, Domange J, Jourdan K, Begic E, Custovic F, Dozic A, Hrvat E, Kurbasic I, Mackic D, Subo A, Durak-Nalbantic A, Dzubur A, Rebic D, Hamzic-Mehmedbasic A, Redzepovic A, Djokic-Vejzovic A, Hodzic E, Hujdur M, Musija E, Gljiva-Gogic Z, Serdarevic N, Bajramovic NS, Brigic L, Halilcevic M, Cibo M, Hadžibegic N, Kukavica N, Begic A, Iglica A, Osmanagic A, Resic N, Grgurevic MV, Zvizdic F, Pojskic B, Mujaric E, Selimovic H, Ejubovic M, Pojskic L, Stimjanin E, Sut M, Zapata PS, Munoz CG, Andrade LAF, Upegui MPT, Perez LE, Chavarria J, Quesada D, Alvarado K, Zaputovic L, Tomulic V, Gobic D, Jakljevic T, Lulic D, Bacic G, Bastiancic L, Avraamides P, Eftychiou C, Eteocleous N, Ioannou A, Lambrianidi C, Drakomathioulakis M, Groch L, Hlinomaz O, Rezek M, Semenka J, Sitar J, Beranova M, Kramarikova P, Pesl L, Sindelarova S, Tousek F, Warda HM, Ghaly I, Habiba S, Habib A, Gergis MN, Bahaa H, Samir A, Taha HSE, Adel M, Algamal HM, Mamdouh M, Shaker AF, Shokry K, Konsoah A, Mostafa AM, Ibrahim A, Imam A, Hafez B, Zahran A, Abdelhamid M, Mahmoud K, Mostafa A, Samir A, Abdrabou M, Kamal A, Sallam S, Ali A, Maghraby K, Atta AR, Saad A, Ali M, Lotman EM, Lubi R, Kaljumäe H, Uuetoa T, Kiitam U, Durier C, Ressencourt O, El Din AA, Guiatni A, Bras ML, Mougenot E, Labeque JN, Banos JL, Capendeguy O, Mansourati J, Fofana A, Augagneur M, Bahon L, Pape AL, Batias-Moreau L, Fluttaz A, Good F, Prieur F, Boiffard E, Derien AS, Drapeau I, Roy N, Perret T, Dubreuil O, Ranc S, Rio S, Bonnet JL, Bonnet G, Cuisset T, Deharo P, Mouret JP, Spychaj JC, Blondelon A, Delarche N, Decalf V, Guillard N, Hakme A, Roger MP, Biron Y, Druelles P, Loubeyre C, Lucon A, Hery P, Nejjari M, Digne F, Huchet F, Neykova A, Tzvetkov B, Larrieu M, Quaino G, Armangau P, Sauguet A, Bonfils L, Dumonteil N, Fajadet J, Farah B, Honton 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Silinskiene D, Simbelyte T, Staigyte J, Philippe F, Degrell P, Camus E, Ahmad WAW, Kassim ZA, Xuereb RG, Buttigieg LL, Camilleri W, Pllaha E, Xuereb S, Popovici M, Ivanov V, Plugaru A, Moscalu V, Popovici I, Abras M, Ciobanu L, Litvinenco N, Fuior S, Dumanschi C, Ivanov M, Danila T, Grib L, Filimon S, Cardaniuc L, Batrinac A, Tasnic M, Cozma C, Revenco V, Sorici G, Dagva M, Choijiljav G, Dandar E, Khurelbaatar MU, Tsognemekh B, Appelman Y, Den Hartog A, Kolste HJT, Van Den Buijs D, Van'T Hof A, Pustjens T, Houben V, Kasperski I, Ten Berg J, Azzahhafi J, Bor W, Yin DCP, Mbakwem A, Amadi C, Kushimo O, Kilasho M, Oronsaye E, Bakracheski N, Bashuroska EK, Mojsovska V, Tupare S, Dejan M, Jovanoska J, Razmoski D, Marinoski T, Antovski A, Jovanovski Z, Kocho S, Markovski R, Ristovski V, Samir AB, Biserka S, Kalpak O, Peovska IM, Taleska BZ, Pejkov H, Busljetik O, Zimbakov Z, Grueva E, Bojovski I, Tutic M, Poposka L, Vavlukis M, Al-Riyami A, Nadar SK, Abdelmottaleb W, Ahmed S, Mujtaba MS, Al-Mashari S, Al-Riyami H, Laghari AH, Faheem O, Ahmed SW, Qamar N, Furnaz S, Kazmi K, Saghir T, Aneel A, Asim A, Madiha F, Sobkowicz B, Tycinska A, Kazimierczyk E, Szyszkowska A, Mizia-Stec K, Wybraniec M, Bednarek A, Glowacki K, Prokopczuk J, Babinski W, Blachut A, Kosiak M, Kusinska A, Samborski S, Stachura J, Szastok H, Wester A, Bartoszewska D, Sosnowska-Pasiarska B, Krzysiek M, Legutko J, Nawrotek B, Kasprzak JD, Klosinska M, Wiklo K, Kurpesa M, Rechcinski T, Cieslik-Guerra U, Gierlotka M, Bugajski J, Feusette P, Sacha J, Przybylo P, Krzesinski P, Ryczek R, Karasek A, Kazmierczak-Dziuk A, Mielniczuk M, Betkier-Lipinska K, Roik M, Labyk A, Krakowian M, Machowski M, Paczynska M, Potepa M, Pruszczyk P, Budaj A, Ambroziak M, Omelanczuk-Wiech E, Torun A, Opolski G, Glowczynska R, Fojt A, Kowalik R, Huczek Z, Jedrzejczyk S, Roleder T, Brust K, Gasior M, Desperak P, Hawranek M, Farto-Abreu P, Santos M, Baptista S, Brizida L, Faria D, Loureiro J, Magno P, Monteiro C, Nédio M, Tavares J, 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S, Popescu MI, Cozma A, Babes EE, Rus M, Ardelean A, Larisa R, Moisi M, Ban E, Buzle A, Filimon G, Dobreanu D, Lupu S, Mitre A, Rudzik R, Sus I, Opris D, Somkereki C, Mornos C, Petrescu L, Betiu A, Volcescu A, Ioan O, Luca C, Maximov D, Mosteoru S, Pascalau L, Roman C, Brie D, Crisan S, Erimescu C, Falnita L, Gaita D, Gheorghiu M, Levashov S, Redkina M, Novitskii N, Dementiev E, Baglikov A, Zateyshchikov D, Zubova E, Rogozhina A, Salikov A, Nikitin I, Reznik EV, Komissarova MS, Shebzukhova M, Shitaya K, Stolbova S, Larina V, Akhmatova F, Chuvarayan G, Arefyev MN, Averkov OV, Volkova AL, Sepkhanyan MS, Vecherko VI, Meray I, Babaeva L, Goreva L, Pisaryuk A, Potapov P, Teterina M, Ageev F, Silvestrova G, Fedulaev Y, Pinchuk T, Staroverov I, Kalimullin D, Sukhinina T, Zhukova N, Ryabov V, Kruchinkina E, Vorobeva D, Shevchenko I, Budyak V, Elistratova O, Fetisova E, Islamov R, Ponomareva E, Khalaf H, Shaimaa AA, Kamal W, Alrahimi J, Elshiekh A, Balghith M, Ahmed A, Attia N, Jamiel AA, Potpara T, Marinkovic M, Mihajlovic M, Mujovic N, Kocijancic A, Mijatovic Z, Radovanovic M, Matic D, Milosevic A, Savic L, Subotic I, Uscumlic A, Zlatic N, Antonijevic J, Vesic O, Vucic R, Martinovic SS, Kostic T, Atanaskovic V, Mitic V, Stanojevic D, Petrovic M. Cohort profile: the ESC EURObservational Research Programme Non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infraction (NSTEMI) Registry. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes 2022; 9:8-15. [PMID: 36259751 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) EURObservational Research Programme (EORP) Non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) Registry aims to identify international patterns in NSTEMI management in clinical practice and outcomes against the 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without ST-segment-elevation. METHODS AND RESULTS Consecutively hospitalised adult NSTEMI patients (n = 3620) were enrolled between 11 March 2019 and 6 March 2021, and individual patient data prospectively collected at 287 centres in 59 participating countries during a two-week enrolment period per centre. The registry collected data relating to baseline characteristics, major outcomes (in-hospital death, acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, bleeding, stroke/transient ischaemic attack, and 30-day mortality) and guideline-recommended NSTEMI care interventions: electrocardiogram pre- or in-hospital, pre-hospitalization receipt of aspirin, echocardiography, coronary angiography, referral to cardiac rehabilitation, smoking cessation advice, dietary advice, and prescription on discharge of aspirin, P2Y12 inhibition, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), beta-blocker, and statin. CONCLUSION The EORP NSTEMI Registry is an international, prospective registry of care and outcomes of patients treated for NSTEMI, which will provide unique insights into the contemporary management of hospitalised NSTEMI patients, compliance with ESC 2015 NSTEMI Guidelines, and identify potential barriers to optimal management of this common clinical presentation associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Nadarajah
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX Leeds, UK
| | - Peter Ludman
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Yolande Appelman
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC-Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Salvatore Brugaletta
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrzej Budaj
- Department of Cardiology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Grochowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hector Bueno
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kurt Huber
- 3rd Medical Department, Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Clinic Ottakring (Wilhelminenhospital), Vienna, Austria.,Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vijay Kunadian
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sergio Leonardi
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S.Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maddalena Lettino
- Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Department, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST-Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Dejan Milasinovic
- Department of Cardiology, University Clinical Center of Serbia and Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Chris P Gale
- Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Leeds Institute of Data Analytics, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX Leeds, UK
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Alizadeh M, Moradi S, Zaboli E, Emadian SF, Ghorbani A, Hedayatizadeh Omran A, Alizadeh Navaei R. Improvement in use of best practice in the care of patients with oral mucositis in a comprehensive cancer center in Iran: a best practice implementation case study. JBI Evid Implement 2021; 20:101-110. [PMID: 34433188 DOI: 10.1097/xeb.0000000000000292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral mucositis is a common debilitating complication of cancer treatments, particularly chemotherapy and radiation. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to improve oral mucositis prevention and control among cancer patients through the implementation of best practice guidelines in a tertiary referral center in Northern Iran. METHODS A clinical audit design was utilized in this implementation project. A preimplementation audit was conducted against nine best practice criteria for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis among new cases of cancer patients in November and December 2019. Fifty cancer patients and 20 nurses participated in this phase of the clinical audit. The next step included a facilitated multidisciplinary focus group identifying targeted strategies and implementing them, completed in late December 2019. A postimplementation audit was then conducted on another 50 cancer patients and the same 20 nurses in January and early February 2020. The project utilized the Joanna Briggs Institute Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System and Getting Research into Practice software. RESULTS The preimplementation audit revealed gaps between the current practice and best practice across eight of the nine criteria. After implementing the targeted strategies, the outcomes improved across most of the criteria in the follow-up audit: 80% increase was observed in compliance of staff education, 100% increase in providing standard oral hygiene protocol in place, 64% increase in carrying out a dental examination and conducting initial oral cavity examination, and also 34% increase in conducting of ongoing oral cavity examination by a dentist, and finally 100% increase in providing preventive and therapeutic oral care regimens in place and oral pain assessment using a validated tool. CONCLUSION The results of this project indicate that clinical auditing is an effective approach to the assessment of evidence-based care practices for oral mucositis among new cancer patients. Evidence-based oral mucositis management among cancer patients can be achieved by educating the patients and nursing staff using the newest guidelines and dentists' comprehensive dental and oral hygiene examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahasti Alizadeh
- Research Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Iranian EBM Center: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz
| | | | | | | | - Anahita Ghorbani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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8
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Hallaj S, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Arasteh A, Ghorbani A, Lee D, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Adenosine: The common target between cancer immunotherapy and glaucoma in the eye. Life Sci 2021; 282:119796. [PMID: 34245774 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine, an endogenous purine nucleoside, is a well-known actor of the immune system and the inflammatory response both in physiologic and pathologic conditions. By acting upon particular, G-protein coupled adenosine receptors, i.e., A1, A2- a & b, and A3 receptors mediate a variety of intracellular and immunomodulatory actions. Several studies have elucidated Adenosine's effect and its up-and downstream molecules and enzymes on the anti-tumor response against several types of cancers. We have also targeted a couple of molecules to manipulate this pathway and get the immune system's desired response in our previous experiences. Besides, the outgrowth of the studies on ocular Adenosine in recent years has significantly enhanced the knowledge about Adenosine and its role in ocular immunology and the inflammatory response of the eye. Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness globally, and the recent application of Adenosine and its derivatives has shown the critical role of the adenosine pathway in its pathophysiology. However, despite a very promising background, the phase III clinical trial of Trabodenoson failed to achieve the non-inferiority goals of the study. In this review, we discuss different aspects of the abovementioned pathway in ophthalmology and ocular immunology; following a brief evaluation of the current immunotherapeutic strategies, we try to elucidate the links between cancer immunotherapy and glaucoma in order to introduce novel therapeutic targets for glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Hallaj
- Wills Eye Hospital, Glaucoma Research Center, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | | | - Amin Arasteh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Anahita Ghorbani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Daniel Lee
- Wills Eye Hospital, Glaucoma Research Center, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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9
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Aslam M, Minhas A, Ghorbani A, Shade J, Jani V, Hsu S, Sharma K, Cihakova D, Hays A, Gilotra N. Natriuretic Peptide Levels and Clinical Outcomes among Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 Infection. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [PMCID: PMC7979424 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose There is increasing evidence of adverse cardiovascular morbidity associated with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (proBNP) is a biomarker of myocardial stress associated with outcomes in various respiratory and cardiac diseases. We hypothesized that proBNP level would be associated with mortality and clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n=1232) using adjusted logistic and linear regression to assess the association of admission proBNP (analyzed by both categorical cutoff >125 pg/mL and continuous log transformed proBNP) with clinical outcomes. Covariates included age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), diabetes, smoking history, and chronic kidney disease stage (Model 1), with Troponin I added in Model 2. We performed survival analysis by a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model, incorporating log transformed proBNP. We additionally treated BMI, a strong potential confounder of both proBNP levels and COVID-19 outcomes, as an ordinal variable ordered across tertiles. Results Patients were mean age 62.9±17.6, 53.8% male, and 35.9% Black. Preadmission comorbidities were hypertension (57.1%), diabetes (31.6%), CAD (9.0%) and heart failure (HF, 10.6%). In Model 1 and 2, higher proBNP level was significantly associated with death, new HF, length of stay, ICU duration and need for ventilation among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. This significance persisted after ordinal compression of BMI across tertiles. The adjusted hazard ratio of death for log[proBNP] was 1.56 (95% CI: 1.23-1.97; P<0.0001). Conclusion Using a relatively large and racially diverse hospitalized COVID-19 patient cohort, we find that proBNP is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including mortality and new HF in COVID-19. Further prospective investigation is warranted on the utility of proBNP for clinical prognostication in COVID-19.
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10
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Hahn V, Ghorbani A, Hsu S, Lewsey S, Sharma K, Wittstein I, Freed K, Sweren R, Handler J, Wagner-Johnston N, Sperati C, Chrispin J, Wake L, Halushka M, Kilic A, Gilotra N. Myocarditis as a Manifestation of a T Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder in a Patient Undergoing Left Ventricular Assistance Device Implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.2102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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11
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Hallaj S, Banagozar Mohammadi A, Ghorbani A, Ostadi A, Zaare Nahandi M. Successful Management of an Aluminum Phosphide Poisoned Patient Following Ventricular Tachycardia. IJMTFM 2020. [DOI: 10.32598/ijmtfm.v10i4.30473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum Phosphide (ALP) poisoning is regarded as fatal; however, it is commonly used in developing countries. In some countries, such as India and Iran, it is still being used to protect grain against pests at home. As yet, no known antidote is reported to be effective against ALP poisoning. ALP acts through blockage of cell respiration, alteration of cell permeability, and induction of oxidative stress. Some factors can worsen the prognosis of its intoxication, which include hyperglycemia on admission, ingestion of fresh tablets, cardiac abnormality, especially Ventricular Tachycardia (VT), severe metabolic acidosis, cardiogenic shock and other types of shocks, electrolyte disturbances, end-organ damage, and a need for mechanical ventilation. ALP kills its victims by induction of multi-organ failure. In this study, we controlled the patient’s VT using MgSO4, electric shock, amiodarone, and lidocaine. We also encountered the cardiogenic shock using norepinephrine, High-Dose Insulin (HDI), antioxidants, sodium bicarbonate, and normal saline. Moreover, myocardial ischemia, recurrent VTs, and adverse cardiac effects were protected via tight control of magnesium and other electrolytes.
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Nasrabadi AN, Shali M, Ghorbani A, Matourypour P, Harati Khalilabad T. Challenges with healthcare workers' protection during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 59:e114-e117. [PMID: 33579542 PMCID: PMC7584918 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers stand in the frontline of the fight against the disease. This study aimed to assess the challenges with personal protection during the pandemic in Tehran, Iran. Seven-hundred healthcare workers were surveyed between April and May 2020, and the study was performed in surgical care wards. Questionnaires, which were sent to 1000 workers via online platforms, social networks, and emails to different associations, were used to assess the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and the reasons for not using it. A total of 700 replied. Face masks and face shields had the highest and lowest use, respectively. Equipment shortage, time constraint, low supervision, and lack of information were the reasons for personnel not using PPE. To reduce the burden of COVID-19 and accelerate the process of patient care, it is important to protect and maintain the well-being of staff. Organised national and international arrangements to protect them are critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Nasrabadi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - M Shali
- Critical Care Nursing and Management Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - A Ghorbani
- Medical Surgical Nursing Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - P Matourypour
- Medical Surgical Nursing Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - T Harati Khalilabad
- Department of Health Economics, School of Health Management and Health Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Ghorbani A, Zare F, Sazegari S, Afsharifar A, Eskandari MH, Pormohammad A. Development of a novel platform of virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccine against COVID-19 by exposing epitopes: an immunoinformatics approach. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 38:100786. [PMID: 33072338 PMCID: PMC7556220 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of a rapidly spreading and highly infectious coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak by a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a global pandemic with unprecedented social and economic dimensions. Therefore, the development of effective strategies is urgent to control the COVID-19 outbreak. According to recent investigations, cell entry of coronaviruses relies on binding of the viral spike glycoprotein to the host cellular receptors. Therefore, the present study aimed to predict immunogenic epitopes in silico by analysing the spike protein. In parallel, by screening the immunogenic SARS-CoV-2 spike-derived epitopes provided in the literature, we chose a set of epitopes that we believed would induce immunogenic response. Next, provided with the epitopes selected by using both approaches, we performed immunoinformatic analysis that mapped identically to the antigen regions and antigenic properties. Finally, after selecting a screened set of epitopes, we designed a novel virus-like particle vaccine optimized to be produced in plants by using molecular farming biotechnology techniques. Our assay may be used as a starting point for guiding experimental efforts towards the development of a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghorbani
- Plant Virology Research Center, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - F Zare
- Plant Virology Research Center, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S Sazegari
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A Afsharifar
- Plant Virology Research Center, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M H Eskandari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A Pormohammad
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Hallaj S, Ghorbani A, Mousavi-Aghdas SA, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Sevbitov A, Hashemi V, Hallaj T, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Angiotensin-converting enzyme as a new immunologic target for the new SARS-CoV-2. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 99:192-205. [PMID: 32864784 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the daily lives of millions of people worldwide and had caused significant mortality; hence, the assessment of therapeutic options is of great interest. The leading cause of death among COVID-19 patients is acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by hyperinflammation secondary to cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interferon-γ and interleukin-10, are the main mediators of CRS. Based on recent evidence, the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) II is known to be the target of the COVID-19 spike protein, which enables the virus to penetrate human cells. ACE II also possesses an anti-inflammatory role in many pathologies such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and other conditions, which are the main risk factors of poor prognosis in COVID-19 infection. Changes in tissue ACE II levels are associated with many diseases and hyperinflammatory states, and it is assumed that elevated levels of ACE II could aggravate the course of COVID-19 infection. Therefore, the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RASis) in COVID-19 patients could be hypothetically considered, though sufficient evidence is not presented by the scientific community. In this work, based on the most recent pieces of evidence, the roles of RAS and RASi in immunologic interactions are addressed. Furthermore, the molecular and immunologic aspects of RASi and their potential significance in COVID-19 are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Hallaj
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Anahita Ghorbani
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mousavi-Aghdas
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | | | - Andrey Sevbitov
- Head of Department of Propaedeutics of Dental Diseases, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Vida Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tooba Hallaj
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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15
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Hallaj S, Heydarzadeh Asl S, Alian F, Farshid S, Eshaghi FS, Namdar A, Atyabi F, Masjedi A, Hallaj T, Ghorbani A, Ghalamfarsa G, Sojoodi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. Inhibition of CD73 using folate targeted nanoparticles carrying anti-CD73 siRNA potentiates anticancer efficacy of Dinaciclib. Life Sci 2020; 259:118150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Ghorbani A, Akbari J, Boorboor M, Nekoukar Z, Eslami G. Evaluation of zinc sulfate mucoadhesive formulation on recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:212. [PMID: 32723352 PMCID: PMC7385976 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common lesion that affects the oral mucosa. There are several methods to treat RAS, including systemic and topical formulations. This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of topical zinc sulfate and its efficacy in the treatment of RAS. METHODS A double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 46 patients with RAS. They were randomly assigned into two groups to receive a zinc sulfate mucoadhesive tablet or placebo for 7 days. The pain severity was measured at baseline and daily while the diameter of the lesion was measured at baseline and on days 3, 5, and 7. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS V.16. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the mean diameter of lesions and pain at baseline between the two groups (P = 0.643 and P = 0.842, respectively). However, on the third, fifth, and seventh days of the study, the diameter of the lesion significantly reduced in the intervention group (P = 0.001) and the pain intensity became significantly different between groups from the fourth day of the study (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Zinc sulfate mucoadhesive tablet was effective in recovery and reducing the pain and diameter of the aphthous lesion and could be considered for the treatment of RAS. TRIAL REGISTRATION Evaluation of the effectiveness of zinc sulfate mucoadhesive tablet in the improvement of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), IRCT20151109024975N9. Registered August 1, 2018, https://en.irct.ir/trial/32423 . This project was registered by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials ( http://www.irct.ir ). The IRCT ID was IRCT20151109024975N9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Ghorbani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Jafar Akbari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maryam Boorboor
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Nekoukar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Gohar Eslami
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cardiovascular Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Leung S, McLeod A, Sheikholeslami Z, Shoaebargh S, Ho T, Ramanuj R, Beaudette P, Bakhtyar N, Ghorbani A. Building a robust and scalable lentiviral vector purification platform. Cytotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.03.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Rostami M, Nasimi Z, Mehrpour M, Barzegar M, Masoumzadeh Khalkhali K, Ghorbani A, Momeni H, Saeedi H, Ozgoli S. P148 Faster recovery of stroke patients through alternative electrical stimulation and rehabilitation movement frequency matching. Clin Neurophysiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.12.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Haddadmarandi MR, Madani SA, Nili H, Ghorbani A. Molecular survey of avian circoviruses in some non-psittacine birds and detection of a novel canary circovirus in a pigeon. Iran J Vet Res 2020; 21:57-60. [PMID: 32368227 PMCID: PMC7183382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circoviruses are small, non-enveloped, single stranded DNA viruses. There is scarce information about these agents in non-psittacine birds. AIMS It is attempted to detect and characterize circoviruses in non-psittacine birds. METHODS Forty-five samples were collected from different non-psittacine species belonging to seven avian orders. A nested polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR) for the detection of rep gene of circoviruses was applied. RESULTS Two different types of circoviruses were detected in two pigeon samples (2/11, 18.2%). One of the detected circoviruses was placed in clade A next to a polish strain based on phylogenetic analysis. Interestingly, the other detected circovirus was closely related to canary circoviruses (CaCVs). CONCLUSION In addition to the molecular diagnosis of a pigeon circovirus (PiCV), this is the first report of the detection of CaCv in a pigeon. The possible hypotheses of such circumstance are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. R. Haddadmarandi
- Graduated from School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S. A. Madani
- Department of Animal and Poultry Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - H. Nili
- Avian Diseases Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A. Ghorbani
- Ph.D. Student in Poultry Diseases, Department of Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, and Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, America (current address)
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Hallaj S, Meshkini F, Chaleshtari MG, Ghorbani A, Namdar A, Soleimanpour H, Jadidi-niaragh F. Conjugated CAR T cell one step beyond conventional CAR T cell for a promising cancer immunotherapy. Cell Immunol 2019; 345:103963. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2019.103963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Abstract
Outbreaks of avian trichomonosis are being reported worldwide; meanwhile, the genetic and virulence variations are under investigation. In this study, the occurrence and genetic variability of oral or faecal trichomonads among various avian species were investigated. Samples obtained from either the oropharyngeal cavity, crop/oesophagus, droppings/cloaca, or conjunctival swabs of avian species were inspected for flagellates. Phylogenetic analysis of partial ITS1-5.8s rRNA-ITS2 sequences from selected samples was performed to investigate the genetic diversity of the isolates. Investigation of 737 birds revealed an infection rate of 15.7% in the upper gastrointestinal tract, 7.3% in the faecal samples, and 0.7% involvement of the conjunctiva. Phylogenetic analysis of partial ITS1-5.8s rRNA-ITS2 sequences from selected samples, identified genotypes A and B of Trichomonas gallinae and genogroups A-C and E of Tetratrichomonas gallinarum. A novel ITS genotype of intestinal trichomonads was also detected in hooded crow (Corvus cornix) and common mynah (Acridotheres tristis). In the present study, in addition to Columbiformes and Falconiformes, trichomonads were detected in Passeriformes and Galliformes with the involvement of organs other than the gastrointestinal tract. Genotype A T. gallinae was detected in domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica), a laughing dove (Spilopelia senegalensis), a common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus), a budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulates), and a canary (Serinus canaria). Distinct genotype B was detected in a common mynah and a budgerigar. Genogroups A-C of T. gallinarum were also demonstrated in Galliformes and Anseriformes. Furthermore, two novel trichomonad ITS genotypes were detected in hooded crows and a common mynah warranting detailed multi-locus molecular analysis.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTSITS diversity of trichomonads was shown in various avian species.Diversity of the parasites' target organ and clinical manifestations was demonstrated.Two novel ITS genotype trichomonads from common mynah and hooded crow were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Arabkhazaeli
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - S A Madani
- Department of Animal and Poultry Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Ghorbani
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Ghorbani A, Bhambhani V, Christenson RH, Meijers WC, de Boer RA, Levy D, Larson MG, Ho JE. Longitudinal Change in Galectin-3 and Incident Cardiovascular Outcomes. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 72:3246-3254. [PMID: 30573026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.09.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galectin-3 (Gal-3) has been associated with heart failure (HF) and poor cardiovascular outcomes. However, the effect of longitudinal changes in Gal-3 on clinical outcomes remains unclear. OBJECTIVES The authors sought to study clinical determinants of change in Gal-3 among community-dwelling individuals. Further, they sought to examine the role of serial Gal-3 measurements in predicting risk of future HF, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality. METHODS A total of 2,477 participants in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort underwent measurement of plasma Gal-3 levels at 2 examinations (1995 to 1998 and 2005 to 2008). Linear regression models were used to examine clinical correlates of change in Gal-3. Proportional hazards models were used to relate future clinical outcomes with change in Gal-3. RESULTS The following clinical correlates were associated with greater longitudinal increases in Gal-3 levels: age, female sex, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index, interim development of chronic kidney disease, and HF (p < 0.0001 for all in multivariable model). Change in Gal-3 was associated with future HF (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.39 per 1-SD increase; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13 to 1.71), CVD (HR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.51), and all-cause mortality (HR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.46). Change in Gal-3 was associated with both HF with preserved as well as reduced ejection fraction (p < 0.05 for both). CONCLUSIONS Longitudinal changes in Gal-3 are associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors and renal disease. In turn, change in Gal-3 predicts future HF, CVD, and mortality in the community. Future studies are needed to determine whether serial Gal-3 measures may be useful in disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Ghorbani
- Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Vijeta Bhambhani
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert H Christenson
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wouter C Meijers
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel Levy
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Martin G Larson
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer E Ho
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Ghorbani A, Balakumaran K, Tandon V, Chen K. Iron Deficiency Anemia and Heart Failure Hospitalizations: Insight from National Inpatient Sample Data. J Card Fail 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2019.07.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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McLeod A, Leung S, Yuh J, Ghorbani A, Ramanuj R, Hoover S. A chimeric approach to purifying lentiviral vectors for CAR-T. Cytotherapy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.03.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ghorbani A, Ho JE. Reply. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 73:1875-1876. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zakariazadeh N, Shayegh J, Ghorbani A. Phylogenetic typing and virulence gene profile of pathogenic and commensal avian Escherichia coli in Iran: a notable finding. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-019-02921-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Ghorbani A, Sadrzadeh A, Habibi E, Dadgar K, Akbari J, Moosazadeh M, Hossein B, Ahangarkani F, Vaezi A. Efficacy of Camellia sinensis extract against Candida species in patients with denture stomatitis. Curr Med Mycol 2018; 4:15-18. [PMID: 30619964 PMCID: PMC6315200 DOI: 10.18502/cmm.4.3.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Denture stomatitis is a chronic inflammation disease of the oral mucosa, which is specified by erythematous lesions mainly in the upper palate. Nystatin as a polyene, a class of antifungal agents, is one of the effective drugs to treat denture stomatitis. Considering the expansion of utilizing herbal drugs to cure many kinds of diseases, the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Camellia sinensis (green tea), which has the most chemical and influence similarity with nystatin, against denture stomatitis. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 22 patients with a positive mycological evidence for denture stomatitis caused by Candida species. The study population was divided into two groups, namely green tea and nystatin, receiving green tea mouthwash 0.5% and nystatin suspension 100,000 U/ml, respectively. The lesion size and number of yeast colonies were measured before and after the treatment. Results: According to the results, both groups showed reduced lesion size, clinical improvement, and significant reduction of Candida colony count in both group of patients were showedafter the therapeutic. Based on the results of polymerase chain reaction, Candida albicans was the most common species isolated from denture stomatitis. There was no significant difference between the two study groups in terms of Candida species distribution (P=0.700). Conclusion: Green tea demonstrated a comparable anti-Candida activity with regard to nystatin; therefore, it could be recommended as an alternative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Ghorbani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ashena Sadrzadeh
- School of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Emran Habibi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Kosar Dadgar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Jafar Akbari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Bakhshi Hossein
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ahangarkani
- Department of Medical Mycology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Afsane Vaezi
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Ghorbani A, Razavi SM, Ghasemi Omran VO, Pirdashti H. Piriformospora indica inoculation alleviates the adverse effect of NaCl stress on growth, gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2018; 20:729-736. [PMID: 29575688 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is now an increasingly serious environmental issue that affects the growth and yield of many plants. In the present work, the influence of inoculation with the symbiotic fungus, Piriformospora indica, on gas exchange, water potential, osmolyte content, Na/K ratio and chlorophyll fluorescence of tomato plants under three salinity levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 mm NaCl) and three time periods (5, 10 and 15 days after exposure to salt) was investigated. Results indicate that P. indica inoculation improved growth parameters of tomato under salinity stress. This symbiotic fungus significantly increased photosynthetic pigment content under salinity, and more proline and glycine betaine accumulated in inoculated roots than in non-inoculated roots. P. indica further significantly improved K+ content and reduced Na+ level under salinity treatment. After inoculation with the endophytic fungus, leaf physiological parameters, such as water potential, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration, were all higher under the salt concentrations and durations compared with controls without P. indica. With increasing salt level and salt treatment duration, values of F0 and qP increased but Fm , Fv /Fm , F'v /F'm and NPQ declined in the controls, while inoculation with P. indica improved these values. The results indicate that the negative effects of NaCl on tomato plants were alleviated after P. indica inoculation, probably by improving physiological parameters such as water status and photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghorbani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - S M Razavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - V O Ghasemi Omran
- Department of Agronomy, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan, Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
| | - H Pirdashti
- Department of Agronomy, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan, Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
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Ghorbani A, Sadighzadeh A, Seifi M, Sadat Kiai SM, Raeisdana A. Influence of Nitrogen on Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon Thin Films Deposited by Plasma Focus Device. J Fusion Energ 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10894-018-0153-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Haddadmarandi MR, Madani SA, Nili H, Ghorbani A. Molecular detection and characterization of beak and feather disease virus in psittacine birds in Tehran, Iran. Iran J Vet Res 2018; 19:22-26. [PMID: 29805458 PMCID: PMC5960768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Beak and feather disease virus (BFDV), a member of genus circovirus, is a small, non-enveloped, single stranded DNA virus. Although BFDVs are among the most well studied circoviruses, there is little to no information about BFDVs in Iran. The aim of the present study was to detect and identify BFDV molecules from the birds referred to the avian clinic of The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran University, Iran. A total of 55 DNA samples were extracted from birds from nine different species of the order psittaciformes. A robust conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to detect the rep gene of the virus. Ten out of 55 samples, from four different species, were tested positive for BFDVs in PCR (Melopsittacus undulates (4), Psittacula Krameri (3), Psittacus erithacus (2), Platycercus eximius (1)). Molecular identification of the detected BFDVs was performed based on their rep gene sequences. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Iranian BFDVs from this study were clustered into four genetically distinct clades belonging to different genetic subtypes of BFDVs (L1, N1, T1, and I4). Although the relation between the samples and their related subtypes in the tree are discussed, further studies are needed to elucidate the host specificity and incidence of the BFDVs from different genetic subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. R. Haddadmarandi
- Resident of Avian Disease, Department of Avian Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S. A. Madani
- Department of Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Central Veterinary Laboratory, Tehran, Iran
| | - H. Nili
- Department of Avian Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A. Ghorbani
- Department of Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Ghorbani A, Masoumi K, Forouzan A, Rahmani A, Rahim F, Taeybi BT, Feli M. Effect of Pulse Therapy with Glucocorticoids and Cyclophosphamide in Patients with Paraquat Poisoning. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791502200405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Paraquat (PQ) is a widely used herbicide with a high mortality rate when ingested. The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of repeated cyclosphosphamide (CP) and methylprednisolone (MP) combination in the treatment of PQ poisoning. Design Randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Methods Eligible participants were 47 patients with moderate to severe PQ poisoning within 24 hours of hospitalisation. Patients were allocated in a random fashion, 24 as the intervention and 23 as the control group. All patients received two cycles of eight hours of haemoperfusion with charcoal, and underwent emergency haemodialysis. After the dialysis, the intervention group received 15 mg/kg CP for two days and 1g MP for three days. The control group received routine supportive care. Outcome parameters, including mortality, incidence of hypoxia, hepatitis and renal failure were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to age, sex, baseline liver function test, creatinine, time from poisoning to dialysis, and time from poisoning to the hospitalisation. Although the incidence of hepatitis and acute renal failure did not differ significantly between the two groups, the incidence of hypoxia and mortality rate was lower in the intervention group. The number need-to-treat to reduce one mortality was 2.8. Conclusion The results suggest that CP and MP repeated treatment can reduce the mortality rate in moderate to severe PQ intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghorbani
- Razi Hospital, Department of Forensic Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz
| | - K Masoumi
- Imam Khomeini General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - A Forouzan
- Imam Khomeini General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ah Rahmani
- Razi Hospital, Department of Forensic Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz
| | - F Rahim
- Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - B Taherinezhad Taeybi
- Imam Khomeini General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - M Feli
- Imam Khomeini General Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Taghvaei M, Naghibi F, Mosaddegh M, Moazzami N, Ghorbani A, Fakhari A. Prophage Induction in Escherichia Coli K-12(λ) by Some Plants from Iran. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09735070.2009.11886338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Taghvaei
- Traditional Medicine & Materia Medica Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box 14155-6354, Tehran, Iran
| | - F. Naghibi
- Traditional Medicine & Materia Medica Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box 14155-6354, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Mosaddegh
- Traditional Medicine & Materia Medica Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box 14155-6354, Tehran, Iran
| | - N. Moazzami
- Traditional Medicine & Materia Medica Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box 14155-6354, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Ghorbani
- Traditional Medicine & Materia Medica Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box 14155-6354, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Fakhari
- Medicinal plants and drugs research institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Akhoundi F, Ghorbani A, Zamani B, Mehrpour M. The neuroprotective effect of transient ischemic attacks before ischemic stroke; acute phase response as a possible mechanism. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Forouzanfar F, Amin B, Ghorbani A, Ghazavi H, Ghasemi F, Sadri K, Mehri S, Sadeghnia HR, Hosseinzadeh H. New approach for the treatment of neuropathic pain: Fibroblast growth factor 1 gene-transfected adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Eur J Pain 2017; 22:295-310. [PMID: 28949091 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain triggered by peripheral nerve lesion is extremely difficult to manage with current approaches, hence the importance of exploring therapeutic alternatives. METHODS We have analysed adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) and fibroblast growth factor 1 gene-transfected adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs FGF1 ) on chronic constriction injury (CCI). The mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity were assessed using the von Frey filament, radiant heat and acetone drop tests. Histopathological and apoptotic changes and the level of FGF1, GFAP and TNFα proteins were assessed in the lumbar portion (L4-L6). Moreover, AD-MSCs FGF1 were labelled with 99m Tc -HMPAO and isolated organ counting were performed upon AD-MSCs FGF1 administration. RESULTS Administration of AD-MSCs FGF1 attenuated the CCI-induced mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity. Spinal structural alterations and apoptosis were decreased in the AD-MSCs FGF1 group. The injection of either phosphate-buffered saline or normal NIH3T3 fibroblasts could not attenuate the behavioural symptoms of neuropathic pain. Increased genetically engineered cells were counted in the injured sciatic nerve and the elevated levels of FGF1 were detected in the spinal tissue. Stem cell therapy lead to decrement the level of the CCI-induced TNF-α and GFAP expression. CONCLUSION The intravenous administration of AD-MSCs FGF1 could be considered as a potential remedy for the management of neuropathic pain. SIGNIFICANCE AD-MSCs FGF1 attenuated the CCI-induced mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity. Spinal structural alterations and apoptosis were significantly decreased in the AD-MSCs FGF1 group. Elevated levels of FGF1 were detected in the spinal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Forouzanfar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - B Amin
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - A Ghorbani
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - H Ghazavi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - F Ghasemi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran
| | - K Sadri
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - S Mehri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology Department, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - H R Sadeghnia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - H Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology Department, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Haghparast H, Ghorbani A, Rohlin M. Dental students' perception of their approaches to learning in a PBL programme. Eur J Dent Educ 2017; 21:159-165. [PMID: 26960668 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare dental students' perceptions of their learning approaches between different years of a problem-based learning (PBL) programme. The hypothesis was that in a comparison between senior and junior students, the senior students would perceive themselves as having a higher level of deep learning approach and a lower level of surface learning approach than junior students would. This hypothesis was based on the fact that senior students have longer experience of a student-centred educational context, which is supposed to underpin student learning. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Students of three cohorts (first year, third year and fifth year) of a PBL-based dental programme were asked to respond to a questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) developed to analyse students' learning approaches, that is deep approach and surface approach, using four subscales including deep strategy, surface strategy, deep motive and surface motive. The results of the three cohorts were compared using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). A P-value was set at <0.05 for statistical significance. RESULTS The fifth-year students demonstrated a lower surface approach than the first-year students (P = 0.020). There was a significant decrease in surface strategy from the first to the fifth year (P = 0.003). No differences were found concerning deep approach or its subscales (deep strategy and deep motive) between the mean scores of the three cohorts. CONCLUSIONS The results did not show the expected increased depth in learning approaches over the programme years.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Haghparast
- Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - A Ghorbani
- Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - M Rohlin
- Malmö University, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö, Sweden
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Ghorbani A, Shafiee-Nick R, Zojaji SA, Rajabi-Mashhadi MT. Physiological effects of proinsulin-connecting peptide in human subcutaneous adipose tissue. Physiol Int 2017. [PMID: 28648118 DOI: 10.1556/2060.104.2017.2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that proinsulin-connecting peptide (C-peptide) may exhibit characteristics of a hormone and show physiological functions in various tissues. This study was aimed to determine whether C-peptide could be involved in the regulation of lipolysis, adiponectin release, and function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in adipose tissue. Human subcutaneous adipose tissue was cultured in the presence of C-peptide. The level of lipolysis was determined by glycerol measurement in the conditioned media. Effect of C-peptide on adiponectin secretion was evaluated in differentiated adipocytes. The adipogenic and osteogenic abilities of adipose MSCs were evaluated using oil red and alizarin red staining, respectively. The tetrazolium bromide test was conducted for evaluating the effect of C-peptide on MSCs proliferation. C-peptide induced a significant decrease in basal lipolysis at concentrations of 8 and 16 nM (p < 0.05). It had no significant effects on isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis, adiponectin secretion, and adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. At a concentration of 4 nM, this peptide significantly increased the proliferative capability of MSCs (p < 0.05). These results suggest that C-peptide has some physiological effects in human subcutaneous adipose tissue and contributes to the regulation of basal lipolysis and pool of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ghorbani
- 1 Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - R Shafiee-Nick
- 1 Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran.,2 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - S A Zojaji
- 2 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
| | - M T Rajabi-Mashhadi
- 3 Department of Surgery, Omid Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran.,4 Endoscopic & Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad, Iran
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Raeisdana A, Sadighzadeh A, Ghorbani A, Bakhshzad Mahmoudi M, Babaei M, Damideh V. Numerical Experiments on IR-MPF-100 Plasma Focus Operated in Neon and Deuterium Gases. J Fusion Energ 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10894-017-0129-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ghorbani A, Jungersted JM. [Amelanotic malignant melanoma on a finger]. Ugeskr Laeger 2017; 179:V68996. [PMID: 28416059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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Sayehban P, Seidavi A, Dadashbeiki M, Ghorbani A, Araújo WAG, Albino LFT. EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF TWO TYPES OF OLIVE PULP WITH OR WITHOUT EXOGENOUS ENZYME SUPPLEMENTATION ON BROILER PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMIC PARAMETERS. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2015-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - A Ghorbani
- Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Guilan, Iran
| | - WAG Araújo
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Northern Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Moosazadeh M, Akbari M, Tabrizi R, Ghorbani A, Golkari A, Banakar M, Sekhavati E, Kavari SH, Bagheri Lankarani L. Denture Stomatitis and Candida Albicans in Iranian Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Dent (Shiraz) 2016; 17:283-292. [PMID: 27840842 PMCID: PMC5103476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Denture stomatitis is the common form of oral candidiasis, which is seen in the form of diffused inflammation in the areas covered by dentures. Many primary studies report the prevalence of denture stomatitis and candida albicans among patients in the Iranian population; therefore, using meta-analysis is valuable for health policy makers. PURPOSE The purpose of the present study is to determine the prevalence of denture stomatitis and candida albicans in Iran. MATERIALS AND METHOD Using relevant keywords, national and international databases were searched. After limiting the search strategy and deleting the duplicates, the remaining papers were screened by examining the title and abstract. In order to increase the sensitivity of search reference lists of papers were examined. Finally the index of heterogeneity between studies was defined using Cochran test (Q) and I-squared (I2). According to heterogeneity, the random effects model was used to estimate the prevalence of denture stomatitis and candida albicans in Iran. RESULT The prevalence of denture stomatitis in 12 studies, and the prevalence of candida albicans in patients with denture stomatitis have been reported in 6 studies. The number of sample under investigated and its age range among primary studies included meta- analysis was 2271 individuals and 32.7 till 87.5 years respectively. The prevalence of denture stomatitis in preliminary studies imported to a meta-analysis varied from 1.9% to 54.6%, and its rate in Iran using the meta-analysis was estimated 28.9 % (CI 95%: 18.2-39.6). Also the overall prevalence of candida albicans in patients with denture stomatitis in Iran was estimated 60.6% (CI 95%:50.1-71.2). CONCLUSION This study showed that the prevalence of denture stomatitis and candida albicans among patient infected denture stomatitis is relatively significant in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maryam Akbari
- M.Sc. in Epidemiology, Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- M.Sc. in Epidemiology, Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Anahita Ghorbani
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental School Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Golkari
- Dept. of Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Banakar
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of medical sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Eghbal Sekhavati
- Ph.D. Candidate in Environmental Management, Larestan School of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Seyed Habibollah Kavari
- Dept. of Member of Rehabilitation Management, School of Rehabilitation, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fitoussi F, Ghorbani A, Jehanno P, Frajman JM, Penneçot GF. Thenar Flap for Severe Finger Tip Injuries in Children. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 29:108-12. [PMID: 15010153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsb.2003.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2003] [Accepted: 10/17/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Twelve children aged between 18 months and 11 years old who had sustained a severe fingertip amputation with total or subtotal pulp loss were treated with a distal-based thenar flap. The injuries were palmar oblique amputations or avulsion injuries involving the pulp and the nail bed. The pedicles of the thenar flaps were divided after 18 to 25 days and none suffered any necrosis. At the final follow-up, no interphalangeal joint contractures were found, the average two point discrimination was 5 mm, the thenar scar was asymptomatic and the subcutaneous tissue of the thenar flap was providing sufficient bulk to produce a rounded contour, like a normal fingertip. The thenar flap is a useful technique for use with severe fingertip injuries when local flaps cannot provide enough soft tissue and replantation is not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fitoussi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Robert Debre Hospital, Paris, France.
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Ghorbani A. Investigating the relationship between knowledge management and employees’ empowerment in agriculture bank of Tehran. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v8i2s.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Ho JE, Larson MG, Ghorbani A, Cheng S, Chen MH, Keyes M, Rhee EP, Clish CB, Vasan RS, Gerszten RE, Wang TJ. Metabolomic Profiles of Body Mass Index in the Framingham Heart Study Reveal Distinct Cardiometabolic Phenotypes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148361. [PMID: 26863521 PMCID: PMC4749349 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although obesity and cardiometabolic traits commonly overlap, underlying pathways remain incompletely defined. The association of metabolite profiles across multiple cardiometabolic traits may lend insights into the interaction of obesity and metabolic health. We sought to investigate metabolic signatures of obesity and related cardiometabolic traits in the community using broad-based metabolomic profiling. Methods and Results We evaluated the association of 217 assayed metabolites and cross-sectional as well as longitudinal changes in cardiometabolic traits among 2,383 Framingham Offspring cohort participants. Body mass index (BMI) was associated with 69 of 217 metabolites (P<0.00023 for all), including aromatic (tyrosine, phenylalanine) and branched chain amino acids (valine, isoleucine, leucine). Additional metabolic pathways associated with BMI included the citric acid cycle (isocitrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, aconitate), the tryptophan pathway (kynurenine, kynurenic acid), and the urea cycle. There was considerable overlap in metabolite profiles between BMI, abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance [IR] and dyslipidemia, modest overlap of metabolite profiles between BMI and hyperglycemia, and little overlap with fasting glucose or elevated blood pressure. Metabolite profiles were associated with longitudinal changes in fasting glucose, but the involved metabolites (ornithine, 5-HIAA, aminoadipic acid, isoleucine, cotinine) were distinct from those associated with baseline glucose or other traits. Obesity status appeared to “modify” the association of 9 metabolites with IR. For example, bile acid metabolites were strongly associated with IR among obese but not lean individuals, whereas isoleucine had a stronger association with IR in lean individuals. Conclusions In this large-scale metabolite profiling study, body mass index was associated with a broad range of metabolic alterations. Metabolite profiling highlighted considerable overlap with abdominal adiposity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia, but not with fasting glucose or blood pressure traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E. Ho
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Martin G. Larson
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anahita Ghorbani
- Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Susan Cheng
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Cardiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Michelle Keyes
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Eugene P. Rhee
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Clary B. Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Robert E. Gerszten
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Thomas J. Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
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Irani S, Esfahani AM, Ghorbani A. Dysplastic change rate in cases of oral lichen planus: A retrospective study of 112 cases in an Iranian population. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2016; 20:395-399. [PMID: 27721603 PMCID: PMC5051286 DOI: 10.4103/0973-029x.190911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds: Lichen planus is a chronic systemic disease and oral mucosa is commonly involved. Oral lichen planus (OLP) most commonly affects middle-aged women. The prevalence of the disease ranges between 0.5% and 2.6% in the general population and the range of malignant transformation varies between 0% and 10%. Objectives: To assess the rate of malignant transformation of OLP samples. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on 112 medical records of patients with histological diagnosis of OLP who attended the Department of Pathology at the Educational Hospital from 2005 to 2012. H&E-stained slides were reviewed by two pathologists using strict clinical and histopathological diagnostic World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Dysplastic changes were diagnosed and graded according to the latest WHO classification. Results: Of the 112 cases diagnosed as OLP, there were 39 males and 73 females and the patients’ ages ranged from 15 to 86 years (mean age 44.5 years). The erosive form with fifty cases was the most common clinical type and the papular type with one case was the least common clinical type. Regarding the site, the buccal mucosa was the most common site with 52 cases. Totally, dysplastic changes were found in 12 samples, among them five cases showed mild dysplasia and seven cases showed moderate dysplasia. One case developed oral squamous cell carcinoma after 3 years. Conclusion: OLP is considered as a premalignant condition by the WHO and several authors. Although the malignancy rate is not so high, to reduce morbidity and mortality from cancer arising on OLP lesions, a regular follow-up examination is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soussan Irani
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dental Research Center, Dental Faculty, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Monsef Esfahani
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Sayehban P, Seidavi A, Dadashbeiki M, Ghorbani A, Araújo WAG, Albino LFT. Effects of Different Dietary Levels of Two Types of Olive Pulp and Exogenous Enzyme Supplementation on the Gastrointestinal tract size, Immunology and Hematology of Broilers. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1516-635xspecialissuenutrition-poultryfeedingadditives073-086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - WAG Araújo
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Northern Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Riyazi SR, Ebrahimnezhad Y, Hosseini SA, Meimandipour A, Ghorbani A. Comparison of the effects of basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i>) essential oil, avilamycin and protexin on broiler performance, blood biochemistry and carcass characteristics. Arch Anim Breed 2015. [DOI: 10.5194/aab-58-425-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. The effects of a probiotic (protexin), a medicinal plant (basil essential oil) and an antibiotic growth promoter (avilamycin) as broiler feed additives on performance, carcass characteristics and some blood parameters of broilers were studied. A total of 600 Arian broilers were divided into six treatments, with four replicates of 25 birds. Treatments were a plant essential oil in three levels (200, 400 and 600 ppm), the probiotic (150 ppm), the antibiotic (150 ppm) and a control group with no additives. Birds in different treatments received the same diets during the experimental period. Growth performance, blood biochemical parameters and carcass traits were measured. There were no effects of dietary treatment on body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of the broilers. Internal organ weights and carcass characteristics were not influenced by treatments; however, 200 ppm basil essential oil supplementation decreased abdominal fat (P < 0.05). Biochemical parameters including serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and total cholesterol were not statistically influenced. However, addition of 400 ppm basil essential oil into diet increased serum triglyceride as compared to the control (P < 0.05). Results of this experiment demonstrated that the herbal natural feed additives such as basil may be used as alternatives to an antibiotic growth promoter without any adverse effects on broiler production.
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Ghorbani A, Markus D, Steinhilber G, Maas U. A numerical approach to investigate the maximum permissible nozzle diameter in explosion by hot turbulent jets. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2015.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cheng S, Larson MG, McCabe EL, Murabito JM, Rhee EP, Ho JE, Jacques PF, Ghorbani A, Magnusson M, Souza AL, Deik AA, Pierce KA, Bullock K, O'Donnell CJ, Melander O, Clish CB, Vasan RS, Gerszten RE, Wang TJ. Distinct metabolomic signatures are associated with longevity in humans. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6791. [PMID: 25864806 PMCID: PMC4396657 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in metabolism influence lifespan in experimental models, but data in humans are lacking. Here we use liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry to quantify 217 plasma metabolites and examine their relation to longevity in a large cohort of men and women. In 647 individuals followed for up to 20 years, higher concentrations of the citric acid cycle intermediate, isocitrate, and the bile acid, taurocholate, are associated with lower odds of longevity, defined as attaining 80 years of age. In a larger cohort of 2,327 individuals with metabolite data available, higher concentrations of isocitrate but not taurocholate are also associated with worse cardiovascular health at baseline, as well as risk of future cardiovascular disease and death. None of the metabolites identified are associated with cancer risk. Our findings suggest that some, but not all, metabolic pathways to human longevity are dependent on modifying risk for the two most common causes of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Cheng
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Martin G Larson
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Elizabeth L McCabe
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Joanne M Murabito
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Eugene P Rhee
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Jennifer E Ho
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Paul F Jacques
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Anahita Ghorbani
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Martin Magnusson
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Amanda L Souza
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Amy A Deik
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Kerry A Pierce
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Kevin Bullock
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Olle Melander
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Clary B Clish
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
| | - Thomas J Wang
- Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (SC, MGL, JMM, JEH, CJO, RSV, TJW); Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SC); Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA (MGL); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA (ELM); Cardiology Division (JEH, AG, CJO, REG), Cardiovascular Research Center (REG), and Renal Division (EPR), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; General Internal Medicine (JMM), Cardiology (JEH, RSV), and Preventive Medicine (RSV), Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA; Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (PFJ); Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö (MM, OM); Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA (ALS, AAD, KAP, KB, CBC, REG); National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD (CJO); and, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (TJW)
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Arora P, Reingold J, Baggish A, Guanaga DP, Wu C, Ghorbani A, Song Y, Chen-Tournaux A, Khan AM, Tainsh LT, Buys ES, Williams JS, Heublein DM, Burnett JC, Semigran MJ, Bloch KD, Scherrer-Crosbie M, Newton-Cheh C, Kaplan LM, Wang TJ. Weight loss, saline loading, and the natriuretic peptide system. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4:e001265. [PMID: 25595796 PMCID: PMC4330054 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.001265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background In epidemiologic studies, obesity has been associated with reduced natriuretic peptide (NP) concentrations. Reduced NP production could impair the ability of obese individuals to respond to salt loads, increasing the risk of hypertension and other disorders. We hypothesized that weight loss enhances NP production before and after salt loading. Methods and Results We enrolled 15 obese individuals (mean BMI 45±5.4 kg/m2) undergoing gastric bypass surgery. Before and 6 months after surgery, subjects were admitted to the clinical research center and administered a large‐volume intravenous saline challenge. Echocardiography and serial blood sampling were performed. From the pre‐operative visit to 6 months after surgery, subjects had a mean BMI decrease of 27%. At the 6‐month visit, N‐terminal pro‐atrial NP (Nt‐proANP) levels were 40% higher before, during, and after the saline infusion, compared with levels measured at the same time points during the pre‐operative visit (P<0.001). The rise in Nt‐pro‐ANP induced by the saline infusion (≈50%) was similar both before and after surgery (saline, P<0.001; interaction, P=0.2). Similar results were obtained for BNP and Nt‐proBNP; resting concentrations increased by 50% and 31%, respectively, after gastric bypass surgery. The increase in NP concentrations after surgery was accompanied by significant decreases in mean arterial pressure (P=0.004) and heart rate (P<0.001), and an increase in mitral annular diastolic velocity (P=0.02). Conclusion In obese individuals, weight loss is associated with a substantial increase in the “setpoint” of circulating NP concentrations. Higher NP concentrations could contribute to an enhanced ability to handle salt loads after weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Arora
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL (P.A.)
| | - Jason Reingold
- Atlanta Cardiology and Primary Care, Saint Joseph's Research Institute, Atlanta, GA (J.R.)
| | - Aaron Baggish
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (A.B., D.P.G., A.G., M.J.S., K.D.B., M.S.C., C.N.C.)
| | - Derek P Guanaga
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (A.B., D.P.G., A.G., M.J.S., K.D.B., M.S.C., C.N.C.)
| | - Connie Wu
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.W., L.T.T., E.S.B., K.D.B.)
| | - Anahita Ghorbani
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (A.B., D.P.G., A.G., M.J.S., K.D.B., M.S.C., C.N.C.)
| | - Yanna Song
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (Y.S.)
| | | | - Abigail May Khan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (A.M.K.)
| | - Laurel T Tainsh
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.W., L.T.T., E.S.B., K.D.B.)
| | - Emmanuel S Buys
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.W., L.T.T., E.S.B., K.D.B.)
| | - Jonathan S Williams
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (J.S.W.)
| | | | - John C Burnett
- Division of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (D.M.H., J.C.B.)
| | - Marc J Semigran
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (A.B., D.P.G., A.G., M.J.S., K.D.B., M.S.C., C.N.C.)
| | - Kenneth D Bloch
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (A.B., D.P.G., A.G., M.J.S., K.D.B., M.S.C., C.N.C.) Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (C.W., L.T.T., E.S.B., K.D.B.)
| | - Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (A.B., D.P.G., A.G., M.J.S., K.D.B., M.S.C., C.N.C.)
| | - Christopher Newton-Cheh
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (A.B., D.P.G., A.G., M.J.S., K.D.B., M.S.C., C.N.C.)
| | - Lee M Kaplan
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (L.M.K.)
| | - Thomas J Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (T.J.W.)
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50
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Würtz P, Havulinna AS, Soininen P, Tynkkynen T, Prieto-Merino D, Tillin T, Ghorbani A, Artati A, Wang Q, Tiainen M, Kangas AJ, Kettunen J, Kaikkonen J, Mikkilä V, Jula A, Kähönen M, Lehtimäki T, Lawlor DA, Gaunt TR, Hughes AD, Sattar N, Illig T, Adamski J, Wang TJ, Perola M, Ripatti S, Vasan RS, Raitakari OT, Gerszten RE, Casas JP, Chaturvedi N, Ala-Korpela M, Salomaa V. Metabolite profiling and cardiovascular event risk: a prospective study of 3 population-based cohorts. Circulation 2015; 131:774-85. [PMID: 25573147 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.013116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 439] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-throughput profiling of circulating metabolites may improve cardiovascular risk prediction over established risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS We applied quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics to identify the biomarkers for incident cardiovascular disease during long-term follow-up. Biomarker discovery was conducted in the National Finnish FINRISK study (n=7256; 800 events). Replication and incremental risk prediction was assessed in the Southall and Brent Revisited (SABRE) study (n=2622; 573 events) and British Women's Health and Heart Study (n=3563; 368 events). In targeted analyses of 68 lipids and metabolites, 33 measures were associated with incident cardiovascular events at P<0.0007 after adjusting for age, sex, blood pressure, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and medication. When further adjusting for routine lipids, 4 metabolites were associated with future cardiovascular events in meta-analyses: higher serum phenylalanine (hazard ratio per standard deviation, 1.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-1.24; P=4×10(-10)) and monounsaturated fatty acid levels (1.17; 1.11-1.24; P=1×10(-8)) were associated with increased cardiovascular risk, while higher omega-6 fatty acids (0.89; 0.84-0.94; P=6×10(-5)) and docosahexaenoic acid levels (0.90; 0.86-0.95; P=5×10(-5)) were associated with lower risk. A risk score incorporating these 4 biomarkers was derived in FINRISK. Risk prediction estimates were more accurate in the 2 validation cohorts (relative integrated discrimination improvement, 8.8% and 4.3%), albeit discrimination was not enhanced. Risk classification was particularly improved for persons in the 5% to 10% risk range (net reclassification, 27.1% and 15.5%). Biomarker associations were further corroborated with mass spectrometry in FINRISK (n=671) and the Framingham Offspring Study (n=2289). CONCLUSIONS Metabolite profiling in large prospective cohorts identified phenylalanine, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids as biomarkers for cardiovascular risk. This study substantiates the value of high-throughput metabolomics for biomarker discovery and improved risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Würtz
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Aki S Havulinna
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Pasi Soininen
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tuulia Tynkkynen
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - David Prieto-Merino
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Therese Tillin
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anahita Ghorbani
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Artati
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Qin Wang
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mika Tiainen
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Antti J Kangas
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Kettunen
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jari Kaikkonen
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Vera Mikkilä
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Antti Jula
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mika Kähönen
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Debbie A Lawlor
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tom R Gaunt
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alun D Hughes
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Naveed Sattar
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Illig
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas J Wang
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Markus Perola
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juan-Pablo Casas
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nish Chaturvedi
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mika Ala-Korpela
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- From Computational Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland (P.W., P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., A.J.K., J. Kettunen, M.A.-K.); Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland (P.W., A.S.H., J. Kettunen, A.J., M.P., V.S.); Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki (P.W., A.S.H., M.P., S.P.); NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (P.S., T. Tynkkynen, Q.W., M.T., M.A.-K.); Faculty of Epidemiology and Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom (D.P.-M., J.-P.C.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, United Kingdom (T. Tillin, A.D.H., J.-P.C., N.C.); Framingham Heart Study of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA (A.G., R.S.V.); Genome Analysis Center, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany (A.A., J.A.); Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland (J. Kaikkonen, V.M., O.T.R.); Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland (V.M.,); Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Finland (M.K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom (D.A.L., T.R.G., M.A.-K.); Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (N.S.); Hannover Medical School, Hannover Unified Biobank, Germany (T.I.); Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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