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Du H, Shao M, Xu S, Yang Q, Xu J, Ke H, Zou L, Huang L, Cui Y, Qu F. Integrating metabolomics and network pharmacology analysis to explore mechanism of Pueraria lobata against pulmonary fibrosis: Involvement of arginine metabolism pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118346. [PMID: 38782311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi is a typical medicinal and edible plant with a long application history in China and Southeast Asia. As a widely used traditional medicine, P. lobata exhibits the properties of anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antioxidant, relieving cough and asthma. Particularly, the increasing evidence indicates that the P. lobata has the therapeutic effect on fibrotic-related diseases in terms of metabolic regulation. However, the mechanisms of P. lobata on pulmonary fibrosis (PF) has not been thoroughly explored. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to explore the effect of arginine metabolites of P. lobata against PF model by integrating metabolomics and network pharmacology analysis. It might provide a new idea for the target finding of P. lobata anti-pulmonary fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five experimental groups: saline-treated control group, bleomycin-induced fibrosis group, prednisolone acetate group, P. lobata 3.2 g/kg group and P. lobata 6.4 g/kg group. The therapeutic effect of P. lobata on bleomycin-induced PF in rats was evaluated by clinical symptoms such as lung function, body weight, hematoxylin eosin staining (HE), Masson staining and hydroxyproline assay. Next, the plasma metabolomics analysis was carried out by LC-MS to explore the pathological differences between the group of control, PF and P. lobata-treated rats. Then, the network pharmacology study coupled with experimental validation was conducted to analysis the results of metabolic research. We constructed the "component-target-disease" network of P. lobata in the treatment of PF. In addition, the molecular docking method was used to verify the interaction between potential active ingredients and core targets of P. lobata. Finally, we tested NOS2 and L-OT in arginine-related metabolic pathway in plasma of the rats by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Real-time PCR was performed to observe the level of TNF-α mRNA and MMP9 mRNA. And we tested the expression of TNF-α and MMP9 by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Our findings revealed that P. lobata improved lung function and ameliorated the pathological symptoms, such as pathological damage, collagen deposition, and body weight loss in PF rats. Otherwise, the plasma metabolomics were employed to screen the differential metabolites of amino acids, lipids, flavonoids, arachidonic acid metabolites, glycoside, etc. Finally, we found that the arginine metabolism signaling mainly involved in the regulating of P. lobata on the treatment of PF rats. Furtherly, the network pharmacology predicted that the arginine metabolism pathway was contained in the top 20 pathways. Next, we integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology that identified NOS2, MMP9 and TNF-α as the P. lobata regulated hub genes by molecular docking. Importantly, it indicated a strong affinity between the puerarin and the NOS2. P. lobata attenuated TNF-α, MMP-9 and NOS2 levels, suppressed TNF-α and MMP-9 protein expression, and decreased L-OT and NOS2 content in PF rats. These results indicated that the effects of P. lobata may ameliorated PF via the arginine metabolism pathway in rats. Therefore, P. lobata may be a potential therapeutic agent to ameliorated PF. CONCLUSION In this work, we used metabolomics and network pharmacology to explore the mechanisms of P. lobata in the treatment of PF. Finally, we confirmed that P. lobata alleviated BLM-induced PF in rats by regulating arginine metabolism pathway based on reducing the L-OT and NOS2-related signal molecular. The search for the biomarkers finding of arginine metabolism pathway revealed a new strategy for P. lobata in the treatment of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Du
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Meijuan Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Shangcheng Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Qian Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Jingping Xu
- School of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Hong Ke
- School of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Li Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Liping Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Yanru Cui
- School of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China.
| | - Fei Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China.
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Refaie MMM, Mohammed HH, Abdel-Hakeem EA, Bayoumi AMA, Mohamed ZH, Shehata S. Cardioprotective role of diacerein in diabetic cardiomyopathy via modulation of inflammasome/caspase1/interleukin1β pathway in juvenile rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:5079-5091. [PMID: 38224346 PMCID: PMC11166746 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02921-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder affecting different body organs; one of its serious complications is diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Thus, finding more cardiopreserving agents to protect the heart against such illness is a critical task. For the first time, we planned to study the suspected role of diacerein (DIA) in ameliorating DCM in juvenile rats and explore different mechanisms mediating its effect including inflammasome/caspase1/interleukin1β pathway. Four-week-aged juvenile rats were randomly divided into groups; the control group, diacerein group, diabetic group, and diabetic-treated group. Streptozotocin (45 mg/kg) single intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose was administered for induction of type 1 diabetes on the 1st day which was confirmed by detecting blood glucose level. DIA was given in a dose of 50 mg/kg/day for 6 weeks to diabetic and non-diabetic rats, then we evaluated different inflammatory, apoptotic, and oxidative stress parameters. Induction of DCM succeeded as there were significant increases in cardiac enzymes, heart weights, fasting blood glucose level (FBG), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) associated with elevated blood pressure (BP), histopathological changes, and increased caspase 3 immunoexpression. Furthermore, there was an increase of malondialdehyde (MDA), inflammasome, caspase1, angiotensin II, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), and interleukin 1β (IL1β). However, antioxidant parameters such as reduced glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) significantly declined. Fortunately, DIA reversed the diabetic cardiomyopathy changes mostly due to the observed anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties with regulation of blood glucose level.DIA has an ability to regulate DCM-associated biochemical and histopathological disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M M Refaie
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, 61511, Egypt
| | - Hanaa Hassanein Mohammed
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, 61511, Egypt
| | - Elshymaa A Abdel-Hakeem
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, 61511, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa M A Bayoumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia, 61511, Egypt
| | - Zamzam Hassan Mohamed
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, 61511, Egypt
| | - Sayed Shehata
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, 61511, Egypt
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3
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Casper E, El Wakeel L, Sabri N, Khorshid R, Fahmy SF. Melatonin: A potential protective multifaceted force for sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Life Sci 2024; 346:122611. [PMID: 38580195 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition manifested by organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Lung, brain, liver, kidney, and heart are among the affected organs. Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy is a common cause of death among septic patients. Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy is characterized by an acute and reversible significant decline in biventricular both systolic and diastolic function. This is accompanied by left ventricular dilatation. The pathogenesis underlying sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy is multifactorial. Hence, targeting an individual pathway may not be effective in halting the extensive dysregulated immune response. Despite major advances in sepsis management strategies, no effective pharmacological strategies have been shown to treat or even reverse sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Melatonin, namely, N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, is synthesized in the pineal gland of mammals and can also be produced in many cells and tissues. Melatonin has cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and anti-tumor activity. Several literature reviews have explored the role of melatonin in preventing sepsis-induced organ failure. Melatonin was found to act on different pathways that are involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Through its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity, it offers a potential role in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Its antioxidant activity is through free radical scavenging against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and modulating the expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes. Melatonin anti-inflammatory activities control the overactive immune system and mitigate cytokine storm. Also, it mitigates mitochondrial dysfunction, a major mechanism involved in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, and thus controls apoptosis. Therefore, this review discusses melatonin as a promising drug for the management of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Casper
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Lamia El Wakeel
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nagwa Sabri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ramy Khorshid
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ain Shams University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sarah F Fahmy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Zhang J, Zhao Q, Hu Z. Clinical predictive value of the initial neutrophils to lymphocytes and platelets ratio for prognosis of sepsis patients in the intensive care unit: a retrospective study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1351492. [PMID: 38318247 PMCID: PMC10840849 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1351492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Neutrophils to lymphocytes and platelets (N/LP) ratio has been confirmed as an indirect marker of inflammation. In this study, we aimed to further evaluate the prognostic significance of the N/LP ratio in sepsis patients admitted to the ICU. Methods Sepsis patients from the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University were retrospectively enrolled from January 2015 and July 2023. The primary outcomes were 30/60 days mortality. The secondary outcomes included the incidence of AKI, vasoactive drug, CRRT, invasive ventilation, length of ICU stay, length of hospital stay and ICU mortality. Results A total of 1,066 sepsis patients were enrolled with a median age of 75.0 (66.0, 85.0) years, and 62.5% of them being male. The 30 days and 60 days mortality rates were found to be 28.7 and 34.0%, respectively, while the incidence of AKI was 45.2%. Based on their N/LP ratios, we classified the sepsis patients into three groups: low, middle, and high, consisting of 266, 534, and 266 patients, respectively. According the Cox proportional hazard model, the middle and high N/LP groups were associated with a 1.990/3.106-fold increase in 30 days mortality risk and a 2.066/3.046-fold increase in 60 days mortality risk compared with the low N/LP group. Besides, multivariate logistic regression model suggested that the risk of AKI occurrence increased 2.460 fold in the high group compared to the low group. However, through subgroup analyses, we observed substantial variations in the association between N/LP ratios and 30/60 days mortality rates as well as the incidence of AKI among different populations. Notably, the N/LP ratio measured at ICU admission exhibited a higher AUC for predicting 30/60 days mortality (0.684/0.687). Additionally, we observed a good predictive power for the occurrence of AKI (AUC: 0.645) using the N/LP ratio measured at sepsis prognosis. Regarding the other secondary outcomes, the N/LP ratio was associated with disease severity in sepsis patients, including the need for vasoactive drugs, length of ICU stay, and ICU mortality. Conclusion The N/LP ratio at ICU admission was found to have a significant independent association with 30/60 days mortality and the incidence of AKI in sepsis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhenkui Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Boutagy NE, Gamez-Mendez A, Fowler JW, Zhang H, Chaube BK, Esplugues E, Kuo A, Lee S, Horikami D, Zhang J, Citrin KM, Singh AK, Coon BG, Lee MY, Suarez Y, Fernandez-Hernando C, Sessa WC. Dynamic metabolism of endothelial triglycerides protects against atherosclerosis in mice. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e170453. [PMID: 38175710 PMCID: PMC10866653 DOI: 10.1172/jci170453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are continually exposed to circulating lipids, and elevation of ApoB-containing lipoproteins causes atherosclerosis. Lipoprotein metabolism is highly regulated by lipolysis, largely at the level of the capillary endothelium lining metabolically active tissues. How large blood vessels, the site of atherosclerotic vascular disease, regulate the flux of fatty acids (FAs) into triglyceride-rich (TG-rich) lipid droplets (LDs) is not known. In this study, we showed that deletion of the enzyme adipose TG lipase (ATGL) in the endothelium led to neutral lipid accumulation in vessels and impaired endothelial-dependent vascular tone and nitric oxide synthesis to promote endothelial dysfunction. Mechanistically, the loss of ATGL led to endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced inflammation in the endothelium. Consistent with this mechanism, deletion of endothelial ATGL markedly increased lesion size in a model of atherosclerosis. Together, these data demonstrate that the dynamics of FA flux through LD affects endothelial cell homeostasis and consequently large vessel function during normal physiology and in a chronic disease state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil E. Boutagy
- Department of Pharmacology
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
| | - Ana Gamez-Mendez
- Department of Pharmacology
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
| | - Joseph W.M. Fowler
- Department of Pharmacology
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
| | - Hanming Zhang
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bal K. Chaube
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Enric Esplugues
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Andrew Kuo
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sungwoon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
| | - Daiki Horikami
- Department of Pharmacology
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
| | - Jiasheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kathryn M. Citrin
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Abhishek K. Singh
- Department of Pharmacology
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
| | - Brian G. Coon
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Monica Y. Lee
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yajaira Suarez
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carlos Fernandez-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - William C. Sessa
- Department of Pharmacology
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, and
- Department of Cardiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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He W, Dong H, Wu C, Zhong Y, Li J. The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in sepsis: A potential therapeutic target. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109697. [PMID: 37724951 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is the host immune imbalance following infection and leads to organ dysfunction, with highly complicated pathophysiology. To date, sepsis still lacks effective therapies with high mortality rates. Recently, numerous studies have highlighted the potential of NLRP3 inflammasome as a therapeutic target during sepsis. NLRP3 inflammasome is a protein complex that could induce the activation of caspase-1 and the following release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18. It was demonstrated that NLRP3 inflammasome was involved in the development and progression of sepsis. In contrast, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation could mitigate the inflammatory response, protect organ function, and improve outcomes and mortality. This paper illustrated the activation pathways of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its possible molecular mechanisms in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Meanwhile, the beneficial effects of inhibiting NLRP3 activation in sepsis-related organ damage were also presented. In addition, the diverse role of NLRP3 inflammasome in bacterial clearance was addressed. Of note, several herbal extracts targeting NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of sepsis were emphasized. We hope that this paper could provide a basis for further drug research targeting NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haiyun Dong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenfang Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanjun Zhong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinxiu Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Liu Y, Wang D, Li T, Xu L, Li Z, Bai X, Tang M, Wang Y. Melatonin: A potential adjuvant therapy for septic myopathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114209. [PMID: 36916434 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Septic myopathy, also known as ICU acquired weakness (ICU-AW), is a characteristic clinical symptom of patients with sepsis, mainly manifested as skeletal muscle weakness and muscular atrophy, which affects the respiratory and motor systems of patients, reduces the quality of life, and even threatens the survival of patients. Melatonin is one of the hormones secreted by the pineal gland. Previous studies have found that melatonin has anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging, antioxidant stress, autophagic lysosome regulation, mitochondrial protection, and other multiple biological functions and plays a protective role in sepsis-related multiple organ dysfunction. Given the results of previous studies, we believe that melatonin may play an excellent regulatory role in the repair and regeneration of skeletal muscle atrophy in septic myopathy. Melatonin, as an over-the-counter drug, has the potential to be an early, complementary treatment for clinical trials. Based on previous research results, this article aims to critically discuss and review the effects of melatonin on sepsis and skeletal muscle depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Liu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Dongfang Wang
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Ligang Xu
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Zhanfei Li
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Xiangjun Bai
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Manli Tang
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
| | - Yuchang Wang
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
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Papadopoulos KI, Papadopoulou A, Aw TC. A protective erythropoietin evolutionary landscape, NLRP3 inflammasome regulation, and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Hum Cell 2023; 36:26-40. [PMID: 36310304 PMCID: PMC9618415 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00819-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The low incidence of pediatric severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) lack a unifying pathophysiological explanation, impeding effective prevention and therapy. Activation of the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein (NLRP) 3 inflammasome in SARS-CoV-2 with perturbed regulation in MIS-C, has been reported. We posit that, early age physiological states and genetic determinants, such as certain polymorphisms of renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) molecules, promote a controlled RAAS hyperactive state, and form an evolutionary landscape involving an age-dependent erythropoietin (EPO) elevation, mediating ancestral innate immune defenses that, through appropriate NLRP3 regulation, mitigate tissue injury and pathogen invasion. SARS-CoV-2-induced downregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2 expression in endothelial cells (EC), impairment of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) activity and downstream NO bioavailability, may promote a hyperactive RAAS with elevated angiotensin II and aldosterone that, can trigger, and accelerate NLRP3 inflammasome activation, while EPO-eNOS/NO abrogate it. Young age and a protective EPO evolutionary landscape may successfully inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and contain NLRP3 inflammasome activation. By contrast, increasing age and falling EPO levels, in genetically susceptible children with adverse genetic variants and co-morbidities, may lead to unopposed RAAS hyperactivity, NLRP3 inflammasome dysregulation, severe endotheliitis with pyroptotic cytokine storm, and development of autoantibodies, as already described in MIS-C. Our haplotype estimates, predicted from allele frequencies in population databases, are in concordance with MIS-C incidence reports in Europeans but indicate lower risks for Asians and African Americans. Targeted Mendelian approaches dissecting the influence of relevant genetic variants are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos I Papadopoulos
- Department of Research and Development, THAI StemLife Co., Ltd., 566/3 THAI StemLife Bldg., Soi Ramkhamhaeng 39 (Thepleela 1), Prachaouthit Rd., Wangthonglang, 10310, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Alexandra Papadopoulou
- Occupational and Environmental Health Services, Feelgood Lund, Ideon Science Park, Scheelevägen 17, 223 63, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tar-Choon Aw
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, 529889, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
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Yu H, Liao K, Hu Y, Lv D, Luo M, Liu Q, Huang L, Luo S. Role of the cGAS-STING Pathway in Aging-related Endothelial Dysfunction. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1901-1918. [PMID: 36465181 PMCID: PMC9662267 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction develops gradually with age, and is the foundation of many age-related diseases in the elderly. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway in aging-related endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial functional parameters and biochemical indices of vascular function were examined in 2-, 6-, 12- and 24-month-old mice. Then, 6-month-old mice were administered RU.521, a specific inhibitor of cGAS, for 6 months, and endothelial functional parameters and biochemical indices of vascular function were re-examined. An in vitro model of cell senescence was established by treating human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) with D-Galactose (D-GAL). Using inhibitors or siRNA interference, cGAS and STING were suppressed or silenced in senescent HAECs, and changes in the expression of eNOS, the senescence markers, p53, p21 and p16, components of the cGAS-STING pathway and Senescence-Associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining were examined. Finally, cGAS, STING and p-IRF3 levels were measured in aorta tissue sections from eight patients. A decline in endothelial function, up-regulation of p53, p21 and p16 expression, and activation of the cGAS-STING pathway were observed in aging mice. Inhibition of cGAS was found to improve endothelial function and reverse the increased expression of aging markers. Our in vitro data demonstrated that D-GAL induced a decrease in eNOS expression and cell senescence, which could be partly reversed by cGAS inhibitor, STING inhibitor, siRNA-cGAS and siRNA-STING treatment. Higher expression levels of cGAS, STING and p-IRF3 were observed in aged human aortic intima tissue compared to young aortic intima tissue. Our study demonstrated that activation of the cGAS-STING pathway played a vital role in aging-related endothelial dysfunction. Thus, the cGAS-STING pathway may be a potential target for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Liao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dingyi Lv
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Minghao Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Longxiang Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Suxin Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Marzoog BA. Recent advances in molecular biology of metabolic syndrome pathophysiology: endothelial dysfunction as a potential therapeutic target. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:1903-1911. [PMID: 36065330 PMCID: PMC9430013 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01088-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Current advances in molecular pathobiology of endotheliocytes dysfunctions are promising in finding the pathogenetic links to the emergence of insulin resistance syndrome. Physiologically, human organism homeostasis is strictly controlled to maintain metabolic processes at the acquainted level. Many factors are involved in maintaining these physiological processes in the organism and any deviation is undoubtedly accompanied by specific pathologies related to the affected process. Fortunately, the body’s defense system can solve and compensate for the impaired function through its multi-level defense mechanisms. The endothelium is essential in maintaining this homeostasis through its ability to modulate the metabolic processes of the organism. Pathological activity or impairment of physiological endothelium function seems directly correlated to the emergence of metabolic syndrome. The most accepted hypothesis is that endothelium distribution is due to endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response development, which includes inhibition of long non-coding RNAs expression, cytokines disbalance, Apelin dysregulation, glycocalyx degradation, and specific microparticles. Clinically, the enhancement or restoration of normal endothelial cells can be a target for novel therapeutic strategies since the distribution of its physiological activity impairs homeostasis and results in the progression of metabolic syndrome, and induction of its physiological activity can ameliorate insulin resistance syndrome. Novel insights on the molecular mechanisms of endothelial cell dysfunction are concisely represented in this paper to enhance the present therapeutic tactics and advance the research forward to find new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basheer Abdullah Marzoog
- Medical school student at National Research, Mordovia State University, Bolshevitskaya Street, 68, Saransk, Rep. Mordovia, Mordovia republic, Bolshevitskaya Street, 31, 430005 Saransk, Russia
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11
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Liu R, Luo X, Li J, Lei Y, Zeng F, Huang X, Lan Y, Yang F. Melatonin: A window into the organ-protective effects of sepsis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113556. [PMID: 35994818 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is an uncontrolled host response to infection. In some cases, it progresses to multi-organ insufficiency, leading to septic shock and increased risk of mortality. Various organ support strategies are currently applied clinically, but they are still inadequate in terms of reducing mortality. Melatonin is a hormone that regulates sleep and wakefulness, and it is associated with a reduced risk of death in patients with sepsis. Evidence suggests that melatonin may help protect organ function from sepsis-related damage. Here, we review information related to the role of melatonin in protecting organ function during sepsis and explore its potential clinical applications, with the aim of providing an effective therapeutic strategy for treating sepsis-induced organ insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongan Liu
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxiu Luo
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Zeng
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunping Lan
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Fuxun Yang
- Department of ICU, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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12
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Luo XY, Ying JH, Wang QS. miR-25-3p ameliorates SAE by targeting the TLR4/NLRP3 axis. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1803-1813. [PMID: 35704145 PMCID: PMC9198415 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a severe complication of sepsis. It has been reported that miR-25-3p is closely related to the development of sepsis. However, the detailed mechanism of miR-25-3p in SAE requires further investigation. Caecum ligation and puncture (CLP) was performed to induce SAE in vivo. LPS stimulation was applied to mimic the in vitro inflammatory model. The expression levels of TLR4 and NLRP3 in the cerebral cortex were evaluated by immunofluorescence. The gene and protein expression levels were determined by qRT-PCR and a western blot analysis. ELISA was used to detect the levels of inflammatory cytokines. The interaction between miR-25-3p and TLR4 was validated by a dual luciferase reporter assay. TLR4 and NLRP3 were highly expressed in the cerebral cortex of SAE mice, while miR-25-3p was expressed at low levels. Activation of the inflammasome, increased release of cytokines and microglial activation were also observed in the SAE mouse model. The overexpression of miR-25-3p inhibited the expression of LPS-induced cytokines and microglial activation. Furthermore, miR-25-3p inhibited TLR4 expression by directly targeting TLR4. The anti-inflammatory effect of miR-25-3p in LPS-induced CHME5 was reversed by TLR4 overexpression. miR-25-3p overexpression attenuated the activation of microglia in SAE by inhibiting the NLRP3/IL-1β/IL-18 axis by directly targeting TLR4, suggesting that miR-25-3p may be a potential target for SAE diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Luo
- Department of Medical Service, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
- Health school of Nuclear Indutrsy, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Hua Ying
- Department of Outpatient, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao-Sheng Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, No. 69 Chuanshan Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Zhang S, Guan X, Liu W, Zhu Z, Jin H, Zhu Y, Chen Y, Zhang M, Xu C, Tang X, Wang J, Cheng W, Lin W, Ma X, Chen J. YTHDF1 alleviates sepsis by upregulating WWP1 to induce NLRP3 ubiquitination and inhibit caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis. Cell Death Discov 2022; 8:244. [PMID: 35508474 PMCID: PMC9068740 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00872-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is inflammation-associated caspase-1-dependent programmed cell death, which confers a crucial role in sepsis. The present study intends to investigate the regulatory network and function of the microarray-predicted YTHDF1 in caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis of sepsis. Peripheral blood of patients with sepsis was collected to determine WWP1 and YTHDF1 expression. An in vitro sepsis cell model was induced in RAW264.7 cells using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and ATP and an in vivo septic mouse model by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). After gain- and loss-of-function assays in vitro and in vivo, TNF-α and IL-1β levels and the cleavage of gasdermin-D (GSDMD) were detected by ELISA and Western blot assay, followed by determination of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. Immunoprecipitation and meRIP assay were performed to detect the ubiquitination of NLRP3 and the m6A modification of WWP1 mRNA. The binding of WWP1 to YTHDF1 was explored using RIP-RT-qPCR and dual luciferase gene reporter assay. It was noted that WWP1 and YTHDF1 were downregulated in clinical sepsis samples, LPS + ATP-treated RAW264.7 cells, and CLP-induced mice. The ubiquitination of NLRP3 was promoted after overexpression of WWP1. WWP1 translation could be promoted by YTHDF1. Then, WWP1 or YTHDF1 overexpression diminished LDH activity, NLRP3 inflammasomes and caspase-1-mediated cleavage of GSDMD in LPS + ATP-induced RAW264.7 cells. Overexpressed YTHDF1 restrained inflammatory response in CLP-induced mice. Collectively, the alleviatory effect of m6A reader protein YTHDF1 may be achieved through promotion of NLRP3 ubiquitination and inhibition of caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis by upregulating WWP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Xinmin Guan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Youfeng Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Chengcheng Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Xu Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Wang Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Lin
- Department of Burns, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510220, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoke Ma
- Xidian University, School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710071, P.R. China
| | - Jianliang Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, P.R. China
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SIRT3-AMPK signaling pathway as a protective target in endothelial dysfunction of early sepsis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 106:108600. [PMID: 35217431 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Extensive vascular endothelial dysfunction usually occurs in sepsis, resulting in high mortality. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the role of AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) in the aortic endothelial dysfunction of early sepsis in mice, and the relationship between AMPK and Sirtuin3 (SIRT3). Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgery was performed to establish a mouse sepsis model, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic a sepsis model in vitro. We suppressed and increased the activities of AMPK with Dorsomorphin (CC) and Acadesine (AICAR), respectively. 3-TYP (SIRT3 inhibitor) and Honokiol (SIRT3 agonist) were used to alter SIRT3 activity. Then, the inflammatory and endothelial function parameters of the vascular tissue and survival rate were determined. In vivo, the expression of Ser1177 phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS), endothelium-dependent relaxation function, and survival decreased (P < 0.05), while NF-κB and NLRP3 pathways were activated in CLP-induced early sepsis (P < 0.05). Moreover, activation of AMPK significantly reversed the reduction of p-eNOS expression (P < 0.05), prevented endothelial dysfunction (P < 0.05), deactivated NF-κB and NLRP3 pathways (P < 0.05), and improved survival (P < 0.05) in septic mice. However, AMPK inhibition led to opposite effects (P < 0.05). In addition, changing the activity of AMPK had little effect on SIRT3 expression (P > 0.05), while the expression of p-AMPK varied with the inhibition or activation of SIRT3 (P < 0.05), which was further demonstrated using in vitro experiments. Together, the results showed that the SIRT3-AMPK signaling pathway played an important role in inhibiting vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction during early sepsis.
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