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Peralta J, DuPriest B, Orozco D, Pacheco JR, Martins L, Soriano RA, Wong A, Wong R, Grillo-Hill B. Drosophila Nhe2 overexpression induces autophagic cell death. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:br13. [PMID: 38696256 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e24-02-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved catabolic process where double membrane-bound structures form around macromolecules or organelles targeted for degradation. Autophagosomes fuse with lysosomes to facilitate degradation and macromolecule recycling for homeostasis or growth in a cell autonomous manner. In cancer cells, autophagy is often up-regulated and helps cancer cells survive nutrient deprivation and stressful growth conditions. Here, we propose that the increased intracellular pH (pHi) common to cancer cells is sufficient to induce autophagic cell death. We previously developed tools to increase pHi in the Drosophila eye via overexpression of DNhe2, resulting in aberrant patterning and reduced tissue size. We examined fly eyes at earlier stages of development and found fewer interommatidial cells. We next tested whether this decrease in cell number was due to increased cell death. We found that the DNhe2-induced cell death was caspase independent, which is inconsistent with apoptosis. However, this cell death required autophagy genes, which supports autophagy as the mode of cell death. We also found that expression of molecular markers supports increased autophagy. Together, our findings suggest new roles for ion transport proteins in regulating conserved, critical developmental processes and provide evidence for new paradigms in growth control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jobelle Peralta
- Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San José, CA 95112
| | - Blake DuPriest
- Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San José, CA 95112
| | - Daniel Orozco
- Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San José, CA 95112
| | - Juan Reyna Pacheco
- Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San José, CA 95112
| | - Laura Martins
- Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San José, CA 95112
| | - Rachel Ann Soriano
- Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San José, CA 95112
| | - Alan Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San José, CA 95112
| | - Ramy Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San José, CA 95112
| | - Bree Grillo-Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, San José, CA 95112
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2
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Zheng LY, Duan Y, He PY, Wu MY, Wei ST, Du XH, Yao RQ, Yao YM. Dysregulated dendritic cells in sepsis: functional impairment and regulated cell death. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:81. [PMID: 38816685 PMCID: PMC11140885 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00602-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Studies have indicated that immune dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in the emergence of immune dysfunction in sepsis. The major manifestations of DCs in the septic state are abnormal functions and depletion in numbers, which are linked to higher mortality and vulnerability to secondary infections in sepsis. Apoptosis is the most widely studied pathway of number reduction in DCs. In the past few years, there has been a surge in studies focusing on regulated cell death (RCD). This emerging field encompasses various forms of cell death, such as necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy-dependent cell death (ADCD). Regulation of DC's RCD can serve as a possible therapeutic focus for the treatment of sepsis. Throughout time, numerous tactics have been devised and effectively implemented to improve abnormal immune response during sepsis progression, including modifying the functions of DCs and inhibiting DC cell death. In this review, we provide an overview of the functional impairment and RCD of DCs in septic states. Also, we highlight recent advances in targeting DCs to regulate host immune response following septic challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yu Zheng
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yu Duan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital (the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou), Southern Medical University, Chenzhou, 423000, China
| | - Peng-Yi He
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Meng-Yao Wu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Shu-Ting Wei
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Du
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Ren-Qi Yao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
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3
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Depierre P, Ginet V, Truttmann AC, Puyal J. Neuronal autosis is Na +/K +-ATPase alpha 3-dependent and involved in hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:363. [PMID: 38796484 PMCID: PMC11127954 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Macroautophagy (hereafter called autophagy) is an essential physiological process of degradation of organelles and long-lived proteins. The discovery of autosis, a Na+/K+-ATPase (ATP1)-dependent type of autophagic cell death with specific morphological and biochemical features, has strongly contributed to the acceptance of a pro-death role of autophagy. However, the occurrence and relevance of autosis in neurons has never been clearly investigated, whereas we previously provided evidence that autophagy mechanisms could be involved in neuronal death in different in vitro and in vivo rodent models of hypoxia-ischemia (HI) and that morphological features of autosis were observed in dying neurons following rat perinatal cerebral HI. In the present study, we demonstrated that neuronal autosis could occur in primary cortical neurons using two different stimulations enhancing autophagy flux and neuronal death: a neurotoxic concentration of Tat-BECN1 (an autophagy-inducing peptide) and a hypoxic/excitotoxic stimulus (mimicking neuronal death induced by cerebral HI). Both stimulations induce autophagic neuronal death (dependent on canonical autophagic genes and independent on apoptotic, necroptotic or ferroptotic pathways) with all morphological and biochemical (ATP1a-dependent) features of autosis. However, we demonstrated that autosis is not dependent on the ubiquitous subunit ATP1a1 in neurons, as in dividing cell types, but on the neuronal specific ATP1a3 subunit. We also provided evidence that, in different in vitro and in vivo models where autosis is induced, ATP1a3-BECN1 interaction is increased and prevented by cardiac glycosides treatment. Interestingly, an increase in ATP1a3-BECN1 interaction is also detected in dying neurons in the autoptic brains of human newborns with severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Altogether, these results suggest that ATP1a3-BECN1-dependent autosis could play an important role in neuronal death in HI conditions, paving the way for the development of new neuroprotective strategies in hypoxic-ischemic conditions including in severe case of human HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Depierre
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Ginet
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Clinic of Neonatology, Department of Women, Mother and Child, University Hospital Center of Vaud, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anita C Truttmann
- Clinic of Neonatology, Department of Women, Mother and Child, University Hospital Center of Vaud, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Puyal
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- CURML, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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4
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De Meyer GRY, Zurek M, Puylaert P, Martinet W. Programmed death of macrophages in atherosclerosis: mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:312-325. [PMID: 38163815 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00957-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a progressive inflammatory disorder of the arterial vessel wall characterized by substantial infiltration of macrophages, which exert both favourable and detrimental functions. Early in atherogenesis, macrophages can clear cytotoxic lipoproteins and dead cells, preventing cytotoxicity. Efferocytosis - the efficient clearance of dead cells by macrophages - is crucial for preventing secondary necrosis and stimulating the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, macrophages can promote tissue repair and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, thereby increasing plaque stability. However, advanced atherosclerotic plaques contain large numbers of pro-inflammatory macrophages that secrete matrix-degrading enzymes, induce death in surrounding cells and contribute to plaque destabilization and rupture. Importantly, macrophages in the plaque can undergo apoptosis and several forms of regulated necrosis, including necroptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis. Regulated necrosis has an important role in the formation and expansion of the necrotic core during plaque progression, and several triggers for necrosis are present within atherosclerotic plaques. This Review focuses on the various forms of programmed macrophage death in atherosclerosis and the pharmacological interventions that target them as a potential means of stabilizing vulnerable plaques and improving the efficacy of currently available anti-atherosclerotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido R Y De Meyer
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Michelle Zurek
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pauline Puylaert
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Martinet
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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5
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Yang X, Wu H, Zhou G, Zhang D, Yang Q, Liu Y, Li Y. Autosis: a new form of cell death in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04988-0. [PMID: 38594455 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04988-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes undergo a variety of cell death events during myocardial ischemia‒reperfusion injury (MIRI). Understanding the causes of cardiomyocyte mortality is critical for the prevention and treatment of MIRI. Among the various types of cell death, autosis is a recently identified type of autophagic cell death with distinct morphological and chemical characteristics. Autosis can be attenuated by autophagy inhibitors but not reversed by apoptosis or necrosis inhibitors. In recent years, it has been shown that during the late phase of reperfusion, autosis is activated, which exacerbates myocardial injury. This article describes the characteristics of autosis, autophagic cell death, and the relationship between autophagic cell death and autosis; reviews the mechanism of autosis in MIRI; and discusses its clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003, HuBei Province, China
- Department of Cardiology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, HuBei Province, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003, HuBei Province, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, HuBei Province, China.
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, HuBei Province, China.
- Central Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, HuBei Province, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, HuBei Province, China.
| | - Gang Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003, HuBei Province, China
- Department of Cardiology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, HuBei Province, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003, HuBei Province, China
- Department of Cardiology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, HuBei Province, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
| | - Qingzhuo Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003, HuBei Province, China
- Department of Cardiology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, HuBei Province, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003, HuBei Province, China
- Department of Cardiology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, HuBei Province, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
| | - Yi Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443003, HuBei Province, China
- Department of Cardiology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yiling Road 183, Yichang, 443000, HuBei Province, China
- HuBei Clinical Research Center for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Yichang, HuBei Province, China
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6
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Forte M, D'Ambrosio L, Schiattarella GG, Salerno N, Perrone MA, Loffredo FS, Bertero E, Pilichou K, Manno G, Valenti V, Spadafora L, Bernardi M, Simeone B, Sarto G, Frati G, Perrino C, Sciarretta S. Mitophagy modulation for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Clin Invest 2024:e14199. [PMID: 38530070 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defects of mitophagy, the selective form of autophagy for mitochondria, are commonly observed in several cardiovascular diseases and represent the main cause of mitochondrial dysfunction. For this reason, mitophagy has emerged as a novel and potential therapeutic target. METHODS In this review, we discuss current evidence about the biological significance of mitophagy in relevant preclinical models of cardiac and vascular diseases, such as heart failure, ischemia/reperfusion injury, metabolic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis. RESULTS Multiple studies have shown that cardiac and vascular mitophagy is an adaptive mechanism in response to stress, contributing to cardiovascular homeostasis. Mitophagy defects lead to cell death, ultimately impairing cardiac and vascular function, whereas restoration of mitophagy by specific compounds delays disease progression. CONCLUSIONS Despite previous efforts, the molecular mechanisms underlying mitophagy activation in response to stress are not fully characterized. A comprehensive understanding of different forms of mitophagy active in the cardiovascular system is extremely important for the development of new drugs targeting this process. Human studies evaluating mitophagy abnormalities in patients at high cardiovascular risk also represent a future challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca D'Ambrosio
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Gabriele G Schiattarella
- Max Rubner Center for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadia Salerno
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marco Alfonso Perrone
- Division of Cardiology and CardioLab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Clinical Pathways and Epidemiology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco S Loffredo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Edoardo Bertero
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Cardiovascular Disease Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino-Italian IRCCS Cardiology Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Kalliopi Pilichou
- Department of Cardiac-Thoracic-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Girolamo Manno
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Valenti
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
- ICOT Istituto Marco Pasquali, Latina, Italy
| | | | - Marco Bernardi
- Department of Clinical, Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Giacomo Frati
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Cinzia Perrino
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
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7
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Zhou P, Wang J, Wang J, Liu X. When autophagy meets placenta development and pregnancy complications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1327167. [PMID: 38371923 PMCID: PMC10869551 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1327167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a common biological phenomenon in eukaryotes that has evolved and reshaped to maintain cellular homeostasis. Under the pressure of starvation, hypoxia, and immune damage, autophagy provides energy and nutrients to cells, which benefits cell survival. In mammals, autophagy is an early embryonic nutrient supply system involved in early embryonic development, implantation, and pregnancy maintenance. Recent studies have found that autophagy imbalance in placental tissue plays a key role in the occurrence and development of pregnancy complications, such as gestational hypertension, gestational obesity, premature birth, miscarriage, and intrauterine growth restriction. This mini-review summarizes the molecular mechanism of autophagy regulation, the autophagy pathways, and related factors involved in placental tissue and comprehensively describes the role of autophagy in pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Junqi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Benxi Central Hospital of China Medical University, Benxi, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Wang LY, Liu XJ, Li QQ, Zhu Y, Ren HL, Song JN, Zeng J, Mei J, Tian HX, Rong DC, Zhang SH. The romantic history of signaling pathway discovery in cell death: an updated review. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04873-2. [PMID: 37851176 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Cell death is a fundamental physiological process in all living organisms. Processes such as embryonic development, organ formation, tissue growth, organismal immunity, and drug response are accompanied by cell death. In recent years with the development of electron microscopy as well as biological techniques, especially the discovery of novel death modes such as ferroptosis, cuprotosis, alkaliptosis, oxeiptosis, and disulfidptosis, researchers have been promoted to have a deeper understanding of cell death modes. In this systematic review, we examined the current understanding of modes of cell death, including the recently discovered novel death modes. Our analysis highlights the common and unique pathways of these death modes, as well as their impact on surrounding cells and the organism as a whole. Our aim was to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on cell death, with a focus on identifying gaps in our knowledge and opportunities for future investigation. We also presented a new insight for macroscopic intracellular survival patterns, namely that intracellular molecular homeostasis is central to the balance of different cell death modes, and this viewpoint can be well justified by the signaling crosstalk of different death modes. These concepts can facilitate the future research about cell death in clinical diagnosis, drug development, and therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Yun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Jian Liu
- Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Qi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Li Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Nan Song
- Oujiang Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Aging, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Xiang Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ding-Chao Rong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shao-Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Zhang X, Shan G, Li N, Chen J, Ji C, Li X, Jiang L, Lee TKW, Keng VW, Zhao Y. An autophagy-inducing stapled peptide induces mitochondria dysfunction and triggers autotic cell death in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:303. [PMID: 37598181 PMCID: PMC10439894 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01600-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent bulk degradation process essential for cell viability but excessive autophagy leads to a unique form of cell death termed autosis. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer with notable defect in its autophagy process. In previous studies, we developed stapled peptides that specifically targeted the essential autophagy protein Beclin 1 to induce autophagy and promote endolysosomal trafficking. Here we show that one lead peptide Tat-SP4 induced mild increase of autophagy in TNBC cells but showed potent anti-proliferative effect that could not be rescued by inhibitors of programmed cell death pathways. The cell death induced by Tat-SP4 showed typical features of autosis including sustained adherence to the substrate surface, rupture of plasma membrane and effective rescue by digoxin, a cardioglycoside that blocks the Na+/K+ ATPase. Tat-SP4 also induced prominent mitochondria dysfunction including loss of mitochondria membrane potential, elevated mitochondria reactive oxygen species and reduced oxidative phosphorylation. The anti-proliferative effect of Tat-SP4 was confirmed in a TNBC xenograft model. Our study uncovers three notable aspects of autosis. Firstly, autosis can be triggered by moderate increase in autophagy if such increase exceeds the endogenous capacity of the host cells. Secondly, mitochondria may play an essential role in autosis with dysregulated autophagy leading to mitochondria dysfunction to trigger autosis. Lastly, intrinsic autophagy deficiency and quiescent mitochondria bioenergetic profile likely render TNBC cells particularly susceptible to autosis. Our designed peptides like Tat-SP4 may serve as potential therapeutic candidates against TNBC by targeting this vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Zhang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Gao Shan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Changyang Ji
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Terence Kin Wah Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Vincent W Keng
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Yanxiang Zhao
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, 518057, Shenzhen, P. R. China.
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10
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Park W, Wei S, Kim BS, Kim B, Bae SJ, Chae YC, Ryu D, Ha KT. Diversity and complexity of cell death: a historical review. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1573-1594. [PMID: 37612413 PMCID: PMC10474147 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Death is the inevitable fate of all living organisms, whether at the individual or cellular level. For a long time, cell death was believed to be an undesirable but unavoidable final outcome of nonfunctioning cells, as inflammation was inevitably triggered in response to damage. However, experimental evidence accumulated over the past few decades has revealed different types of cell death that are genetically programmed to eliminate unnecessary or severely damaged cells that may damage surrounding tissues. Several types of cell death, including apoptosis, necrosis, autophagic cell death, and lysosomal cell death, which are classified as programmed cell death, and pyroptosis, necroptosis, and NETosis, which are classified as inflammatory cell death, have been described over the years. Recently, several novel forms of cell death, namely, mitoptosis, paraptosis, immunogenic cell death, entosis, methuosis, parthanatos, ferroptosis, autosis, alkaliptosis, oxeiptosis, cuproptosis, and erebosis, have been discovered and advanced our understanding of cell death and its complexity. In this review, we provide a historical overview of the discovery and characterization of different forms of cell death and highlight their diversity and complexity. We also briefly discuss the regulatory mechanisms underlying each type of cell death and the implications of cell death in various physiological and pathological contexts. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of different mechanisms of cell death that can be leveraged to develop novel therapeutic strategies for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonyoung Park
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Shibo Wei
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Sung Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Bosung Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Bae
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chan Chae
- Department of Biological Sciences, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Korean Medical Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Hanson S, Dharan A, P. V. J, Pal S, Nair BG, Kar R, Mishra N. Paraptosis: a unique cell death mode for targeting cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1159409. [PMID: 37397502 PMCID: PMC10308048 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1159409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is the universal process that maintains cellular homeostasis and regulates all living systems' development, health and disease. Out of all, apoptosis is one of the major PCDs that was found to play a crucial role in many disease conditions, including cancer. The cancer cells acquire the ability to escape apoptotic cell death, thereby increasing their resistance towards current therapies. This issue has led to the need to search for alternate forms of programmed cell death mechanisms. Paraptosis is an alternative cell death pathway characterized by vacuolation and damage to the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Many natural compounds and metallic complexes have been reported to induce paraptosis in cancer cell lines. Since the morphological and biochemical features of paraptosis are much different from apoptosis and other alternate PCDs, it is crucial to understand the different modulators governing it. In this review, we have highlighted the factors that trigger paraptosis and the role of specific modulators in mediating this alternative cell death pathway. Recent findings include the role of paraptosis in inducing anti-tumour T-cell immunity and other immunogenic responses against cancer. A significant role played by paraptosis in cancer has also scaled its importance in knowing its mechanism. The study of paraptosis in xenograft mice, zebrafish model, 3D cultures, and novel paraptosis-based prognostic model for low-grade glioma patients have led to the broad aspect and its potential involvement in the field of cancer therapy. The co-occurrence of different modes of cell death with photodynamic therapy and other combinatorial treatments in the tumour microenvironment are also summarized here. Finally, the growth, challenges, and future perspectives of paraptosis research in cancer are discussed in this review. Understanding this unique PCD pathway would help to develop potential therapy and combat chemo-resistance in various cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweata Hanson
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Aiswarya Dharan
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Jinsha P. V.
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Sanjay Pal
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Bipin G. Nair
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Rekha Kar
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Nandita Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, Kerala, India
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12
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Wu Y, Wen X, Xia Y, Yu X, Lou Y. LncRNAs and regulated cell death in tumor cells. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1170336. [PMID: 37313458 PMCID: PMC10258353 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1170336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulated Cell Death (RCD) is a mode of cell death that occurs through drug or genetic intervention. The regulation of RCDs is one of the significant reasons for the long survival time of tumor cells and poor prognosis of patients. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) which are involved in the regulation of tumor biological processes, including RCDs occurring on tumor cells, are closely related to tumor progression. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of eight different RCDs which contain apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, NETosis, entosis, ferroptosis, autosis and cuproptosis. Meanwhile, their respective roles in the tumor are aggregated. In addition, we outline the literature that is related to the regulatory relationships between lncRNAs and RCDs in tumor cells, which is expected to provide new ideas for tumor diagnosis and treatment.
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13
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Škubník J, Svobodová Pavlíčková V, Ruml T, Rimpelová S. Autophagy in cancer resistance to paclitaxel: Development of combination strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114458. [PMID: 36889112 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel, a compound naturally occurring in yew, is a commonly used drug for the treatment of different types of cancer. Unfortunately, frequent cancer cell resistance significantly decreases its anticancer effectivity. The main reason for the resistance development is the paclitaxel-induced phenomenon of cytoprotective autophagy occurring by different mechanisms of action in dependence on a cell type and possibly even leading to metastases. Paclitaxel also induces autophagy in cancer stem cells, which greatly contributes to tumor resistance development. Paclitaxel anticancer effectivity can be predicted by the presence of several autophagy-related molecular markers, such as tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 13 in triple-negative breast cancer or cystine/glutamate transporter encoded by the SLC7A11 gene in ovarian cancer. Nevertheless, the undesired effects of paclitaxel-induced autophagy can be eliminated by paclitaxel co-administration with autophagy inhibitors, such as chloroquine. Interestingly, in certain cases, it is worthy of potentiating autophagy by paclitaxel combination with autophagy inducers, for instance, apatinib. A modern strategy in anticancer research is also to encapsulate chemotherapeutics into nanoparticle carriers or develop their novel derivatives with improved anticancer properties. Hence, in this review article, we summarize not only the current knowledge of paclitaxel-induced autophagy and its role in cancer resistance but mainly the possible drug combinations based on paclitaxel and their administration in nanoparticle-based formulations as well as paclitaxel analogs with autophagy-modulating properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Škubník
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladimíra Svobodová Pavlíčková
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Ruml
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Silvie Rimpelová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 3, Prague 6 166 28, Czech Republic.
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14
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Leak L, Dixon SJ. Surveying the landscape of emerging and understudied cell death mechanisms. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119432. [PMID: 36690038 PMCID: PMC9969746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cell death can be a highly regulated process. A large and growing number of mammalian cell death mechanisms have been described over the past few decades. Major pathways with established roles in normal or disease biology include apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis. However, additional non-apoptotic cell death mechanisms with unique morphological, genetic, and biochemical features have also been described. These mechanisms may play highly specialized physiological roles or only become activated in response to specific lethal stimuli or conditions. Understanding the nature of these emerging and understudied mechanisms may provide new insight into cell death biology and suggest new treatments for diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan Leak
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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15
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Tang B, Luo Z, Zhang R, Zhang D, Nie G, Li M, Dai Y. An update on the molecular mechanism and pharmacological interventions for Ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in autophagy. Cell Signal 2023; 107:110665. [PMID: 37004834 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an important signaling pathway maintaining normal cell function and homeostasis in vivo. The AMPK/mTOR pathway regulates cellular proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is secondary damage that frequently occurs clinically in various disease processes and treatments, and the exacerbated injury during tissue reperfusion increases disease-associated morbidity and mortality. IRI arises from multiple complex pathological mechanisms, among which cell autophagy is a focus of recent research and a new therapeutic target. The activation of AMPK/mTOR signaling in IRI can modulate cellular metabolism and regulate cell proliferation and immune cell differentiation by adjusting gene transcription and protein synthesis. Thus, the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway has been intensively investigated in studies focused on IRI prevention and treatment. In recent years, AMPK/mTOR pathway-mediated autophagy has been found to play a crucial role in IRI treatment. This article aims to elaborate the action mechanisms of AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway activation in IRI and summarize the progress of AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy research in the field of IRI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Zhijian Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Guojun Nie
- The First Outpatient Department of People's Liberation Army Western Theater General Hospital, Cheng Du, Sichuan Province 61000, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China.
| | - Yan Dai
- Department of pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province 646000, China.
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16
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Hu Y, Jiang H, Xu Y, Chen G, Fan R, Zhou Y, Liu Y, Yao Y, Liu R, Chen W, Zhang K, Chen X, Wang R, Qiu Z. Stomatin-like protein 2 deficiency exacerbates adverse cardiac remodeling. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:63. [PMID: 36788223 PMCID: PMC9929064 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01350-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis, oxidative stress, and autophagy both play key roles in the progression of adverse cardiac remodeling. Stomatin-like protein 2 (SLP-2) is closely related to mitochondrial function, but little is known about its role and mechanism in cardiac remodeling. We developed doxorubicin (Dox), angiotensin (Ang) II, and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury induced cardiac remodeling model and Dox treated H9C2 cell injury model using SLP-2 knockout (SLP-2-/-) mice and H9C2 cells with low SLP-2 expression. We first examined cardiac functional and structural changes as well as levels of oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy. We found that SLP-2 deficiency leads to decreased cardiac function and promotes myocardial fibrosis. After Dox and Ang II treatment, SLP-2 deficiency further aggravated myocardial fibrosis, increased myocardial oxidative stress and apoptosis, and activated autophagy by inhibiting PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, ultimately exacerbating adverse cardiac remodeling. Similarly, SLP-2 deficiency further exacerbates adverse cardiac remodeling after myocardial I/R injury. Moreover, we extracted cardiomyocyte mitochondria for proteomic analysis, suggesting that SLP-2 deficiency may be involved in myocardial I/R injury induced adverse cardiac remodeling by influencing ubiquitination of intramitochondrial proteins. In addition, the oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy levels of H9C2 cells with low SLP-2 expression were further enhanced, and the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway was further inhibited under Dox stimulation. Our results suggest that SLP-2 deficiency promotes myocardial fibrosis, disrupts normal mitochondrial function, overactivates autophagy via PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway, affects the level of ubiquitination, leads to irreversible myocardial damage, and ultimately exacerbates adverse cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Hu
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yueyue Xu
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ganyi Chen
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Fan
- grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489School of Medicine, Southeast University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifei Zhou
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yafeng Liu
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiwei Yao
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renjie Liu
- grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489School of Medicine, Southeast University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Chen
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Changzhou Second People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Chen
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhibing Qiu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
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17
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Maejima Y, Zablocki D, Nah J, Sadoshima J. The role of the Hippo pathway in autophagy in the heart. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 118:3320-3330. [PMID: 35150237 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway, an evolutionarily conserved signalling mechanism, controls organ size and tumourigenesis. Increasing lines of evidence suggest that autophagy, an important mechanism of lysosome-mediated cellular degradation, is regulated by the Hippo pathway, which thereby profoundly affects cell growth and death responses in various cell types. In the heart, Mst1, an upstream component of the Hippo pathway, not only induces apoptosis but also inhibits autophagy through phosphorylation of Beclin 1. YAP/TAZ, transcription factor co-factors and the terminal effectors of the Hippo pathway, affect autophagy through transcriptional activation of TFEB, a master regulator of autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis. The cellular abundance of YAP is negatively regulated by autophagy and suppression of autophagy induces accumulation of YAP, which, in turn, acts as a feedback mechanism to induce autophagosome formation. Thus, the Hippo pathway and autophagy regulate each other, thereby profoundly affecting cardiomyocyte survival and death. This review discusses the interaction between the Hippo pathway and autophagy and its functional significance during stress conditions in the heart and the cardiomyocytes therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Maejima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave., MSB G-609, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Daniela Zablocki
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave., MSB G-609, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Jihoon Nah
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave., MSB G-609, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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18
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The role of autophagic cell death in cardiac disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 173:16-24. [PMID: 36084743 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.08.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes undergo various forms of cell death during heart disease such as myocardial infarction and heart failure. Understanding the mechanisms of cell death in cardiomyocytes is one of the most fundamental issues in the treatment of heart failure. Among the several kinds of cell death mechanisms, this review will focus on autophagy-related cardiomyocyte cell death. Although autophagy plays an essential role in mediating cellular quality control mechanisms for cell survival, dysregulation of autophagy can cause cell death, referred to as autophagy-dependent cell death or type II programmed cell death. The recent discovery of autosis as a modality of autophagy-dependent cell death with unique morphological and biochemical features has allowed us to broaden our understanding of the mechanistic role of autophagy in cell death. Here, we discuss autophagy-dependent cardiomyocyte cell death, including autosis, in pathophysiological conditions of the heart.
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19
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Yang J, Tong T, Zhu C, Zhou M, Jiang Y, Chen H, Que L, Liu L, Zhu G, Ha T, Chen Q, Li C, Xu Y, Li J, Li Y. Peli1 contributes to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by impairing autophagy flux via its E3 ligase mediated ubiquitination of P62. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 173:30-46. [PMID: 36179399 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy flux is impaired during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (M-I/R) via the accumulation of autophagosome and insufficient clearance, which exacerbates cardiomyocyte death. Peli1 (Pellion1) is a RING finger domain-containing ubiquitin E3 ligase that could catalyze the polyubiquitination of substrate proteins. Peli1 has been demonstrated to play an important role in ischemic cardiac diseases. However, little is known about whether Peli1 is involved in the regulation of autophagy flux during M-I/R. The present study investigated whether M-I/R induced impaired autophagy flux could be mediated through Peli1 dependent mechanisms. We induced M-I/R injury in wild type (WT) and Peli1 knockout mice and observed that M-I/R significantly decreased cardiac function that was associated with increased cardiac Peli1 expression and upregulated autophagy-associated protein LC3II and P62. In contrast, Peli1 knockout mice exhibited significant improvement of M-I/R induced cardiac dysfunction and decreased LC3II and P62 expression. Besides, inhibitors of autophagy also increased the infarct size in Peli1 knockout mice after 24 h of reperfusion. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that in vivo I/R or in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) markedly increased the Peli1 E3 ligase activity which directly promoted the ubiquitination of P62 at lysine(K)7 via K63-linkage to inhibit its dimerization and autophagic degradation. Co-immunoprecipitation and GST-pull down assay indicated that Peli1 interacted with P62 via the Ring domain. In addition, Peli1 deficiency also decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Together, our work demonstrated a critical link between increased expression and activity of Peli1 and autophagy flux blockage in M-I/R injury, providing insight into a promising strategy for treating myocardium M-I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Tong
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenghao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuqing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pathology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Linli Que
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tuanzhu Ha
- Department of Surgery, East Tennessee State University, Campus Box 70575, Johnson City, TN 37614-0575, USA
| | - Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanfu Li
- Department of Surgery, East Tennessee State University, Campus Box 70575, Johnson City, TN 37614-0575, USA
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Biomedical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, China
| | - Jiantao Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuehua Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China.
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20
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Zou HX, Qiu BQ, Zhang ZY, Hu T, Wan L, Liu JC, Huang H, Lai SQ. Dysregulated autophagy-related genes in septic cardiomyopathy: Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis based on the human transcriptomes and experimental validation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:923066. [PMID: 35983185 PMCID: PMC9378994 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.923066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is severe organ dysfunction caused by sepsis that is associated with poor prognosis, and its pathobiological mechanisms remain unclear. Autophagy is a biological process that has recently been focused on SCM, yet the current understanding of the role of dysregulated autophagy in the pathogenesis of SCM remains limited and uncertain. Exploring the molecular mechanisms of disease based on the transcriptomes of human pathological samples may bring the closest insights. In this study, we analyzed the differential expression of autophagy-related genes in SCM based on the transcriptomes of human septic hearts, and further explored their potential crosstalk and functional pathways. Key functional module and hub genes were identified by constructing a protein–protein interaction network. Eight key genes (CCL2, MYC, TP53, SOD2, HIF1A, CTNNB1, CAT, and ADIPOQ) that regulate autophagy in SCM were identified after validation in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced H9c2 cardiomyoblast injury model, as well as the autophagic characteristic features. Furthermore, we found that key genes were associated with abnormal immune infiltration in septic hearts and have the potential to serve as biomarkers. Finally, we predicted drugs that may play a protective role in SCM by regulating autophagy based on our results. Our study provides evidence and new insights into the role of autophagy in SCM based on human septic heart transcriptomes, which would be of great benefit to reveal the molecular pathological mechanisms and explore the diagnostic and therapeutic targets for SCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Xi Zou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bai-Quan Qiu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ze-Yu Zhang
- Institute of Nanchang University Trauma Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tie Hu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ji-Chun Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huang Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Huang Huang,
| | - Song-Qing Lai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Song-Qing Lai,
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21
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Sun Y, Xia X, Basnet D, Zheng JC, Huang J, Liu J. Mechanisms of Ferroptosis and Emerging Links to the Pathology of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:904152. [PMID: 35837484 PMCID: PMC9273851 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.904152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a diverse class of diseases attributed to chronic progressive neuronal degeneration and synaptic loss in the brain and/or spinal cord, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis. The pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases is complex and diverse, often involving mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and epigenetic changes. However, the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases has not been fully elucidated. Recently, accumulating evidence revealed that ferroptosis, a newly discovered iron-dependent and lipid peroxidation-driven type of programmed cell death, provides another explanation for the occurrence and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we provide an overview of the process and regulation mechanisms of ferroptosis, and summarize current research progresses that support the contribution of ferroptosis to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. A comprehensive understanding of the emerging roles of ferroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases will shed light on the development of novel therapeutic technologies and strategies for slowing down the progression of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyan Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Diksha Basnet
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin C. Zheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jialin C. Zheng,
| | - Jian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Jian Huang,
| | - Jianhui Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Jianhui Liu,
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22
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Particulate matter in COPD pathogenesis: an overview. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:797-815. [PMID: 35710643 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01594-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disorder with substantial patient burden and leading cause of death globally. Cigarette smoke remains to be the most recognised causative factor behind COPD pathogenesis. Given the alarming increase in prevalence of COPD amongst non-smokers in recent past, a potential role of air pollution particularly particulate matter (PM) in COPD development has gained much attention of the scientists. Indeed, several epidemiological studies indicate strong correlation between airborne PM and COPD incidence/exacerbations. PM-induced oxidative stress seems to be the major player in orchestrating COPD inflammatory cycle but the exact molecular mechanism(s) behind such a process are still poorly understood. This may be due to the complexity of multiple molecular pathways involved. Oxidative stress-linked mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy have also gained importance and have been the focus of recent studies regarding COPD pathogenesis. Accordingly, the present review is aimed at understanding the key molecular players behind PM-mediated COPD pathogenesis through analysis of various experimental studies supported by epidemiological data to identify relevant preventive/therapeutic targets in the area.
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23
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Xia Y, He F, Moukeila Yacouba MB, Zhou H, Li J, Xiong Y, Zhang J, Li H, Wang Y, Ke J. Adenosine A2a Receptor Regulates Autophagy Flux and Apoptosis to Alleviate Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the cAMP/PKA Signaling Pathway. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:755619. [PMID: 35571159 PMCID: PMC9099415 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.755619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploring effective methods to lessen myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury still has positive significance. The adenosine A2a receptor (A2aR) has played a crucial part in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. Previous studies revealed that the adenosine A2a receptor regulated autophagy, but the specific mechanism in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury was still unclear. We established an ischemia-reperfusion model (30 min of ischemia and 2 h of reperfusion) in vivo and a model with oxygen-glucose deprivation for 6 h and reoxygenation for 18 h (OGDR) in vitro. The ischemia-reperfusion injury resulted in prolonged QTc interval, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and myocardial infarction. In vitro model, we found that the OGDR-induced autophagosomes and apoptosis caused myocardial cell death, as evidenced by a significant increase in the generation of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase-MB. Furthermore, overactivated autophagy with rapamycin showed an anti-apoptotic effect. The interaction between autophagy and apoptosis in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury was complex and variable. We discovered that the activation of adenosine A2a receptor could promote the expression of Bcl-2 to inhibit the levels of Beclin-1 and LC3II. The number of autophagosomes exceeded that of autolysosomes under OGDR, but the result reversed after A2aR activation. Activated A2aR with its agonist CGS21680 before reperfusion saved cellular survival through anti-apoptosis and anti-autophagy effect, thus improving ventricular contraction disorders, and visibly reducing myocardial infarction size. The myocardial protection of adenosine A2a receptor after ischemia may involve the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway and the interaction of Bcl-2-Beclin-1.
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24
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Loftus LV, Amend SR, Pienta KJ. Interplay between Cell Death and Cell Proliferation Reveals New Strategies for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4723. [PMID: 35563113 PMCID: PMC9105727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell division and cell death are fundamental processes governing growth and development across the tree of life. This relationship represents an evolutionary link between cell cycle and cell death programs that is present in all cells. Cancer is characterized by aberrant regulation of both, leading to unchecked proliferation and replicative immortality. Conventional anti-cancer therapeutic strategies take advantage of the proliferative dependency of cancer yet, in doing so, are triggering apoptosis, a death pathway to which cancer is inherently resistant. A thorough understanding of how therapeutics kill cancer cells is needed to develop novel, more durable treatment strategies. While cancer evolves cell-intrinsic resistance to physiological cell death pathways, there are opportunities for cell cycle agnostic forms of cell death, for example, necroptosis or ferroptosis. Furthermore, cell cycle independent death programs are immunogenic, potentially licensing host immunity for additional antitumor activity. Identifying cell cycle independent vulnerabilities of cancer is critical for developing alternative strategies that can overcome therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke V. Loftus
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Program, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (S.R.A.); (K.J.P.)
- The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Sarah R. Amend
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Program, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (S.R.A.); (K.J.P.)
- The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Kenneth J. Pienta
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Program, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (S.R.A.); (K.J.P.)
- The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic P Del Re
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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26
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Tian C, Liu Y, Li Z, Zhu P, Zhao M. Mitochondria Related Cell Death Modalities and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:832356. [PMID: 35321239 PMCID: PMC8935059 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.832356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are well known as the centre of energy metabolism in eukaryotic cells. However, they can not only generate ATP through the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation but also control the mode of cell death through various mechanisms, especially regulated cell death (RCD), such as apoptosis, mitophagy, NETosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, entosis, parthanatos, ferroptosis, alkaliptosis, autosis, clockophagy and oxeiptosis. These mitochondria-associated modes of cell death can lead to a variety of diseases. During cell growth, these modes of cell death are programmed, meaning that they can be induced or predicted. Mitochondria-based treatments have been shown to be effective in many trials. Therefore, mitochondria have great potential for the treatment of many diseases. In this review, we discuss how mitochondria are involved in modes of cell death, as well as basic research and the latest clinical progress in related fields. We also detail a variety of organ system diseases related to mitochondria, including nervous system diseases, cardiovascular diseases, digestive system diseases, respiratory diseases, endocrine diseases, urinary system diseases and cancer. We highlight the role that mitochondria play in these diseases and suggest possible therapeutic directions as well as pressing issues that need to be addressed today. Because of the key role of mitochondria in cell death, a comprehensive understanding of mitochondria can help provide more effective strategies for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuwen Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuoshu Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ping Zhu, ; Mingyi Zhao,
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Ping Zhu, ; Mingyi Zhao,
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27
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Fernandez Rico C, Konate K, Josse E, Nargeot J, Barrère-Lemaire S, Boisguérin P. Therapeutic Peptides to Treat Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:792885. [PMID: 35252383 PMCID: PMC8891520 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.792885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rank first in worldwide mortality and according to the World Health Organization (WHO), they will stay at this rank until 2030. Prompt revascularization of the occluded artery to reperfuse the myocardium is the only recommended treatment (by angioplasty or thrombolysis) to decrease infarct size (IS). However, despite beneficial effects on ischemic lesions, reperfusion leads to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury related mainly to apoptosis. Improvement of revascularization techniques and patient care has decreased myocardial infarction (MI) mortality however heart failure (HF) morbidity is increasing, contributing to the cost-intense worldwide HF epidemic. Currently, there is no treatment for reperfusion injury despite promising results in animal models. There is now an obvious need to develop new cardioprotective strategies to decrease morbidity/mortality of CVD, which is increasing due to the aging of the population and the rising prevalence rates of diabetes and obesity. In this review, we will summarize the different therapeutic peptides developed or used focused on the treatment of myocardial IR injury (MIRI). Therapeutic peptides will be presented depending on their interacting mechanisms (apoptosis, necroptosis, and inflammation) reported as playing an important role in reperfusion injury following myocardial ischemia. The search and development of therapeutic peptides have become very active, with increasing numbers of candidates entering clinical trials. Their optimization and their potential application in the treatment of patients with AMI will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Fernandez Rico
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Valbonne, France
| | - Karidia Konate
- PHYMEDEXP, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Emilie Josse
- PHYMEDEXP, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Joël Nargeot
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Valbonne, France
| | - Stéphanie Barrère-Lemaire
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Excellence Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Valbonne, France
| | - Prisca Boisguérin
- PHYMEDEXP, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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28
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Nah J, Sung EA, Zhai P, Zablocki D, Sadoshima J. Tfeb-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation of Autophagy Induces Autosis during Ischemia/Reperfusion in the Heart. Cells 2022; 11:258. [PMID: 35053374 PMCID: PMC8773671 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosis is a unique form of cell death with characteristic morphological and biochemical features caused by dysregulated autophagy. Autosis is observed in the heart during the late phase of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), when marked accumulation of autophagosomes is induced. We previously showed that the excessive accumulation of autophagosomes promotes autosis in cardiomyocytes. Although the inhibition of autophagic flux via the upregulation of Rubicon induces the accumulation of autophagosomes during I/R, it appears that additional mechanisms exacerbating autophagosome accumulation are required for the induction of autosis. Here, we show that Tfeb contributes to the induction of autosis during the late phase of I/R in the heart. During myocardial reperfusion, Tfeb is activated and translocated into the nucleus, which in turn upregulates genes involved in autophagy and lysosomal function. The overexpression of Tfeb enhanced cardiomyocyte death induced by a high dose of TAT-Beclin 1, an effect that was inhibited by the downregulation of Atg7. Conversely, the knockdown of Tfeb attenuated high-dose TAT-Beclin1-induced death in cardiomyocytes. Although the downregulation of Tfeb in the heart significantly decreased the number of autophagic vacuoles and inhibited autosis during I/R, the activation of Tfeb activity via 3,4-dimethoxychalcone, an activator of Tfeb, aggravated myocardial injury during I/R. These findings suggest that Tfeb promotes cardiomyocyte autosis during the late phase of reperfusion in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihoon Nah
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (J.N.); (E.-A.S.); (P.Z.); (D.Z.)
- School of Biological Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Eun-Ah Sung
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (J.N.); (E.-A.S.); (P.Z.); (D.Z.)
| | - Peiyong Zhai
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (J.N.); (E.-A.S.); (P.Z.); (D.Z.)
| | - Daniela Zablocki
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (J.N.); (E.-A.S.); (P.Z.); (D.Z.)
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (J.N.); (E.-A.S.); (P.Z.); (D.Z.)
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave., MSB G609, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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29
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Wei J, Zhao Y, Liang H, Du W, Wang L. Preliminary evidence for the presence of multiple forms of cell death in diabetes cardiomyopathy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1-17. [PMID: 35127369 PMCID: PMC8799881 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic mellitus (DM) is a common degenerative chronic metabolic disease often accompanied by severe cardiovascular complications (DCCs) as major causes of death in diabetic patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) as the most common DCC. The metabolic disturbance in DCM generates the conditions/substrates and inducers/triggers and activates the signaling molecules and death executioners leading to cardiomyocyte death which accelerates the development of DCM and the degeneration of DCM to heart failure. Various forms of programmed active cell death including apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagic cell death, autosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis and entosis have been identified and characterized in many types of cardiac disease. Evidence has also been obtained for the presence of multiple forms of cell death in DCM. Most importantly, published animal experiments have demonstrated that suppression of cardiomyocyte death of any forms yields tremendous protective effects on DCM. Herein, we provide the most updated data on the subject of cell death in DCM, critical analysis of published results focusing on the pathophysiological roles of cell death, and pertinent perspectives of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yongting Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Haihai Liang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Weijie Du
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
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30
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Gorbunova AS, Kopeina GS, Zhivotovsky B. A Balance Between Autophagy and Other Cell Death Modalities in Cancer. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2445:3-24. [PMID: 34972982 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2071-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular self-digestive process involved in catabolic degradation of damaged proteins, and organelles, and the elimination of cellular pathogens. Initially, autophagy was considered as a prosurvival mechanism, but the following insights shed light on its prodeath function. Nowadays, autophagy is established as a crucial player in the development of various diseases through interaction with other molecular pathways within a cell. Additionally, disturbance in autophagy is one of the main pathological alterations that lead to resistance of cancer cells to treatment. These autophagy-related pathologies gave rise to the development of new therapeutic drugs. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the autophagic role in disease pathogenesis, particularly in cancer, and the interplay between autophagy and other cell death modalities in order to combat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Gorbunova
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gelina S Kopeina
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.
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31
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Ikeda S, Zablocki D, Sadoshima J. The role of autophagy in death of cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 165:1-8. [PMID: 34919896 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy mediates cellular quality control mechanisms and energy homeostasis through lysosomal degradation. Autophagy is typically viewed as an adaptive process that allows cells to survive against stress, such as nutrient deprivation and hypoxia. However, autophagy also mediates cell death during development and in response to stress. Cell death accompanied by autophagy activation and accumulation of autophagosomes has been classified as type II programmed cell death. Compared to the wealth of knowledge regarding the adaptive role of autophagy, however, the molecular mechanisms through which autophagy induces cell death and its functional significance are poorly understood. Autophagy is activated excessively under some conditions, causing uncontrolled degradation of cellular materials and cell death. An imbalance between autophagosome formation and lysosomal degradation causes a massive accumulation of autophagosomes, which subsequently causes cellular dysfunction and death. Dysregulation of autophagy induces a unique form of cell death, termed autosis, with defined morphological and biochemical features distinct from other forms of programmed cell death, such as apoptosis and necrosis. In the heart, dysregulated autophagy induces death of cardiomyocytes and actively mediates cardiac injury and dysfunction in some conditions, including reperfusion injury, doxorubicin cardiomyopathy, and lysosomal storage disorders. The goal in this review is to introduce the concept of autophagic cell death and discuss its functional significance in various cardiac conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Tochigi, Japan; Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Daniela Zablocki
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
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32
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Cardiac Glycosides as Autophagy Modulators. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123341. [PMID: 34943848 PMCID: PMC8699753 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug repositioning is one of the leading strategies in modern therapeutic research. Instead of searching for completely novel substances and demanding studies of their biological effects, much attention has been paid to the evaluation of commonly used drugs, which could be utilized for more distinct indications than they have been approved for. Since treatment approaches for cancer, one of the most extensively studied diseases, have still been very limited, great effort has been made to find or repurpose novel anticancer therapeutics. One of these are cardiac glycosides, substances commonly used to treat congestive heart failure or various arrhythmias. Recently, the antitumor properties of cardiac glycosides have been discovered and, therefore, these compounds are being considered for anticancer therapy. Their mechanism of antitumor action seems to be rather complex and not fully uncovered yet, however, autophagy has been confirmed to play a key role in this process. In this review article, we report on the up-to-date knowledge of the anticancer activity of cardiac glycosides with special attention paid to autophagy induction, the molecular mechanisms of this process, and the potential employment of this phenomenon in clinical practice.
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Over Fifty Years of Life, Death, and Cannibalism: A Historical Recollection of Apoptosis and Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212466. [PMID: 34830349 PMCID: PMC8618802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Research in biomedical sciences has changed dramatically over the past fifty years. There is no doubt that the discovery of apoptosis and autophagy as two highly synchronized and regulated mechanisms in cellular homeostasis are among the most important discoveries in these decades. Along with the advancement in molecular biology, identifying the genetic players in apoptosis and autophagy has shed light on our understanding of their function in physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we first describe the history of key discoveries in apoptosis with a molecular insight and continue with apoptosis pathways and their regulation. We touch upon the role of apoptosis in human health and its malfunction in several diseases. We discuss the path to the morphological and molecular discovery of autophagy. Moreover, we dive deep into the precise regulation of autophagy and recent findings from basic research to clinical applications of autophagy modulation in human health and illnesses and the available therapies for many diseases caused by impaired autophagy. We conclude with the exciting crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy, from the early discoveries to recent findings.
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Bharath LP, Rockhold JD, Conway R. Selective Autophagy in Hyperglycemia-Induced Microvascular and Macrovascular Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082114. [PMID: 34440882 PMCID: PMC8392047 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of autophagy is an important underlying cause in the onset and progression of many metabolic diseases, including diabetes. Studies in animal models and humans show that impairment in the removal and the recycling of organelles, in particular, contributes to cellular damage, functional failure, and the onset of metabolic diseases. Interestingly, in certain contexts, inhibition of autophagy can be protective. While the inability to upregulate autophagy can play a critical role in the development of diseases, excessive autophagy can also be detrimental, making autophagy an intricately regulated process, the altering of which can adversely affect organismal health. Autophagy is indispensable for maintaining normal cardiac and vascular structure and function. Patients with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing and dying from vascular complications. Autophagy dysregulation is associated with the development of heart failure, many forms of cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and microvascular complications in diabetic patients. Here, we review the recent findings on selective autophagy in hyperglycemia and diabetes-associated microvascular and macrovascular complications.
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Sun W, Dong S, Lu H, Wang N, Zhao Y, An J, Sun L, Lu D. Beclin-1 overexpression regulates NLRP3 activation by promoting TNFAIP3 in microvascular injury following myocardial reperfusion. Cell Signal 2021; 84:110008. [PMID: 33848581 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Innate immune response contributes significantly to ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. Targeting innate immunity seems to be a promising method for protecting the microvascular injury in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients following myocardial I/R injury (MI/R). NLRP3 inflammasome is a central part of the innate immune system involved in the pathophysiological process of MI/R. However, the mechanisms regulating NLRP3 activation are yet to be clarified. Recently, autophagy has been related to the regulation of NLRP3 activation. Thus, how Beclin-1/Becn1 overexpression influences NLRP3 activation in microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) after MI/R is yet to be investigated. The present study showed that Becn1 overexpression exhibits a significant increase in NLRP3 and IL-1β in CMEC responses to MI/R. Interestingly, Becn1 overexpression promoted TNFAIP3 expression, which restricted NLRP3 activation in vitro and in vivo. The current study also showed that inflammatory cells (CD68) and B (CDB220) lymphocytes were decreased in transgenic mice with overexpression of Beclin-1 (BECN1-Tg) in the spleen and heart. These findings highlighted Becn1 as a prospective target for treating NLRP3 mediated microvascular injury following MI/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Shujuan Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Hongquan Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Third People's Hospital of Honghe State, Honghe 661000, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Technology Transfer Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Technology Transfer Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jingshuo An
- Department of Technology Transfer Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650501, China.
| | - Di Lu
- Department of Technology Transfer Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
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Nah J, Zablocki D, Sadoshima J. The roles of the inhibitory autophagy regulator Rubicon in the heart: A new therapeutic target to prevent cardiac cell death. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:528-536. [PMID: 33854187 PMCID: PMC8102471 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00600-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy contributes to the maintenance of cardiac homeostasis. The level of autophagy is dynamically altered in heart disease. Although autophagy is a promising therapeutic target, only a few selective autophagy activator candidates have been reported thus far. Rubicon is one of the few endogenous negative regulators of autophagy and a potential target for autophagy-inducing therapeutics. Rubicon was initially identified as a component of the Class III PI3K complex, and it has multiple functions, not only in canonical autophagy but also in endosomal trafficking and inflammatory responses. This review summarizes the molecular action of Rubicon in canonical and noncanonical autophagy. We discuss the roles of Rubicon in cardiac stress and the therapeutic potential of Rubicon in cardiac diseases through its modulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihoon Nah
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
| | - Daniela Zablocki
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
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Suares A, Medina MV, Coso O. Autophagy in Viral Development and Progression of Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:603224. [PMID: 33763351 PMCID: PMC7982729 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.603224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a complex degradative process by which eukaryotic cells capture cytoplasmic components for subsequent degradation through lysosomal hydrolases. Although this catabolic process can be triggered by a great variety of stimuli, action in cells varies according to cellular context. Autophagy has been previously linked to disease development modulation, including cancer. Autophagy helps suppress cancer cell advancement in tumor transformation early stages, while promoting proliferation and metastasis in advanced settings. Oncoviruses are a particular type of virus that directly contribute to cell transformation and tumor development. Extensive molecular studies have revealed complex ways in which autophagy can suppress or improve oncovirus fitness while still regulating viral replication and determining host cell fate. This review includes recent advances in autophagic cellular function and emphasizes its antagonistic role in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Suares
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Medina
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Omar Coso
- Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Suares A, Medina MV, Coso O. Autophagy in Viral Development and Progression of Cancer. Front Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.603224
expr 816899697 + 824303767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a complex degradative process by which eukaryotic cells capture cytoplasmic components for subsequent degradation through lysosomal hydrolases. Although this catabolic process can be triggered by a great variety of stimuli, action in cells varies according to cellular context. Autophagy has been previously linked to disease development modulation, including cancer. Autophagy helps suppress cancer cell advancement in tumor transformation early stages, while promoting proliferation and metastasis in advanced settings. Oncoviruses are a particular type of virus that directly contribute to cell transformation and tumor development. Extensive molecular studies have revealed complex ways in which autophagy can suppress or improve oncovirus fitness while still regulating viral replication and determining host cell fate. This review includes recent advances in autophagic cellular function and emphasizes its antagonistic role in cancer cells.
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Camuzard O, Trojani MC, Santucci-Darmanin S, Pagnotta S, Breuil V, Carle GF, Pierrefite-Carle V. Autophagy in Osteosarcoma Cancer Stem Cells Is Critical Process which Can Be Targeted by the Antipsychotic Drug Thioridazine. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123675. [PMID: 33297525 PMCID: PMC7762415 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a minor population of cancer cells with stem cell-like properties and appear as a crucial target in oncology as they are the origin of relapses and resistance to current treatments. Autophagy, which allows the degradation and recycling of cellular components for survival purposes, has been shown to be upregulated in some CSCs, participating in the resistance of these cells. The aim of our study was to analyze the autophagy level and the consequences of targeting this process in osteosarcoma CSCs. Our results indicate that autophagy is a critical process in osteosarcoma CSCs and that targeting this pathway allows to switch their fate from survival to death. Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a minor population of cancer cells with stem cell-like properties which are able to fuel tumor growth and resist conventional treatments. Autophagy has been described to be upregulated in some CSCs and to play a crucial role by maintaining stem features and promoting resistance to both hostile microenvironments and treatments. Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone cancer which mainly affects children and adolescents and autophagy in OS CSCs has been poorly studied. However, this is a very interesting case because autophagy is often deregulated in this cancer. In the present work, we used two OS cell lines showing different autophagy capacities to isolate CSC-enriched populations and to analyze the autophagy in basal and nutrient-deprived conditions. Our results indicate that autophagy is more efficient in CSCs populations compared to the parental cell lines, suggesting that autophagy is a critical process in OS CSCs. We also showed that the antipsychotic drug thioridazine is able to stimulate, and then impair autophagy in both CSC-enriched populations, leading to autosis, a cell death mediated by the Na+/K+ ATPase pump and triggered by dysregulated accumulation of autophagosomes. Taken together, our results indicate that autophagy is very active in OS CSCs and that targeting this pathway to switch their fate from survival to death could provide a novel strategy to eradicate these cells in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Camuzard
- Faculté de Médecine Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/Institut Joliot, CEDEX 2, 06107 Nice, France; (O.C.); (M.-C.T.); (S.S.-D.); (V.B.); (G.F.C.)
- Service de Chirurgie Réparatrice et de la Main, CHU de Nice, 06001 Nice, France
| | - Marie-Charlotte Trojani
- Faculté de Médecine Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/Institut Joliot, CEDEX 2, 06107 Nice, France; (O.C.); (M.-C.T.); (S.S.-D.); (V.B.); (G.F.C.)
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHU de Nice, 06001 Nice, France
| | - Sabine Santucci-Darmanin
- Faculté de Médecine Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/Institut Joliot, CEDEX 2, 06107 Nice, France; (O.C.); (M.-C.T.); (S.S.-D.); (V.B.); (G.F.C.)
| | - Sophie Pagnotta
- Centre Commun de Microscopie Appliquée, Université Côte d’Azur, 06107 Nice, France;
| | - Véronique Breuil
- Faculté de Médecine Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/Institut Joliot, CEDEX 2, 06107 Nice, France; (O.C.); (M.-C.T.); (S.S.-D.); (V.B.); (G.F.C.)
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHU de Nice, 06001 Nice, France
| | - Georges F. Carle
- Faculté de Médecine Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/Institut Joliot, CEDEX 2, 06107 Nice, France; (O.C.); (M.-C.T.); (S.S.-D.); (V.B.); (G.F.C.)
| | - Valérie Pierrefite-Carle
- Faculté de Médecine Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/Institut Joliot, CEDEX 2, 06107 Nice, France; (O.C.); (M.-C.T.); (S.S.-D.); (V.B.); (G.F.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-4-93-37-77-06; Fax: +33-4-93-37-77-17
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Polyphenol-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Evidence of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186635. [PMID: 32927836 PMCID: PMC7555128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of cellular transformation is the altered mechanism of cell death. There are three main types of cell death, characterized by different morphological and biochemical features, namely apoptosis (type I), autophagic cell death (type II) and necrosis (type III). Autophagy, or self-eating, is a tightly regulated process involved in stress responses, and it is a lysosomal degradation process. The role of autophagy in cancer is controversial and has been associated with both the induction and the inhibition of tumor growth. Autophagy can exert tumor suppression through the degradation of oncogenic proteins, suppression of inflammation, chronic tissue damage and ultimately by preventing mutations and genetic instability. On the other hand, tumor cells activate autophagy for survival in cellular stress conditions. Thus, autophagy modulation could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. Several studies have shown that polyphenols, natural compounds found in foods and beverages of plant origin, can efficiently modulate autophagy in several types of cancer. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the effects of polyphenols on autophagy, highlighting the conceptual benefits or drawbacks and subtle cell-specific effects of polyphenols for envisioning future therapies employing polyphenols as chemoadjuvants.
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