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Zhang Y, Li S, Li R, Rong F, Yu W, Zhang Z, Wan Y. Effects of social-ecological risk factors and resilience on the relationship between metabolic metrics and mental health among young adults. Psychiatry Res 2024; 337:115909. [PMID: 38703563 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The correlation between metabolic metrics and mental health remains underexplored, with few in-depth studies examining whether this association exists among college students and whether it might be moderated by socio-ecological risk factors (SERFs) and mediated by resilience. A follow-up study design investigated the association between baseline metabolic metrics, SERFs and resilience and mental health. A multivariable linear regression model using the PROCESS method established the relationship of SERFs, resilience and metabolic metrics with mental health. Participants were 794 adolescents (mean age: 18.64 [±0.90] years). In multivariable linear regression, the high-level SERFs (β = 0.124), resilience (β = -0.042), LCI (β = 0.072), and RFM (β = 0.145) were associated with higher depression symptoms, while CVH (β = 0.602), TyG (β = 0.295), TyG-BMI (β = 0.004), and RC (β = -0.041) were not. An association was also observed between SERFs, resilience, RFM and anxiety. Resilience mediated the relationship between metabolic metrics and depression and anxiety, and SERFs moderated this relationship, demonstrating the relationship between resilience, metabolic metrics, SERFs and mental health. By revealing the potential sociological mechanism underlying the relationship between metabolic metrics and adolescents' mental health, this study provides a theoretical basis for further exploration of the biological foundations of mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shuqin Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ruoyu Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fan Rong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Weiqiang Yu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhisu Zhang
- General Hospital of Huainan Eastern Hospital Group, Huainan 232063, China.
| | - Yuhui Wan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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Cicero AFG, Fogacci F, Patrono D, Mancini R, Ramazzotti E, Borghi C, D'Addato S. Application of the Sampson equation to estimate LDL-C in children: Comparison with LDL direct measurement and Friedewald equation in the BLIP study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:1911-1915. [PMID: 33962827 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In epidemiological trials and in clinical practices, it is relevant to have affordable and reliable methods to measure the main lipid cardiovascular risk factors, and in particular low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plasma level. In this context, we aimed to compare the reliability of the Friedewald's (LDL-Cf) and Sampson's (LDL-Cs) equations with the LDL-value dosed by a validated dosage method (LDL-Cd) in a large cohort of children. METHODS AND RESULTS We considered the lipid values of 145 infants, 278 preschoolers, 810 scholar children, and 1372 adolescents (Total N. 2605, 1291 males, 1314 females), with mean total cholesterol (TC) = 169.8 ± 39.7 mg/dL, HDL-Cholesterol = 50.8 ± 12.7 mg/dL, non HDL-Cholesterol = 118.9 ± 35.9 mg/dL, Triglycerides (TG) = 90.3 ± 77.9 mg/dL, LDL-Cd = 106.2 ± 29.9 mg/dL, LDL-Cf = 100.9 ± 33.8 mg/dL, and LDL-Cs = 102.2 ± 33.4 mg/dL. Comparing the distance to the LDL-Cd, Friedewald's equation mildly but significantly underestimated in infants (3.4 ± 5.3 mg/dL), preschoolers (1.5 ± 7.1 mg/dL). Children (1.2 ± 2.2 mg/dL) and adolescents (1.1 ± 5.9 mg/dL) compared to Sampson's equation (all comparisons, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our analysis, being carried out on a large population sample, shows that Sampson's equation is more reliable than Friedewald's one at each considered age class and even for extreme TG values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arrigo F G Cicero
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Dept., Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Federica Fogacci
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Dept., Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Patrono
- Unified Metropolitan Laboratory (LUM), AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Mancini
- Unified Metropolitan Laboratory (LUM), AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eric Ramazzotti
- Unified Metropolitan Laboratory (LUM), AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Dept., Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sergio D'Addato
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Dept., Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Kohn B, Wilson DP. Universal cholesterol screening of youth-Are pediatric lipidologists smarter than a fifth grader? J Clin Lipidol 2020; 14:747-750. [PMID: 33039346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Kohn
- Division Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Don P Wilson
- Cook Children's Medical Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
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Guyton JR. From the editor: Lessons from the East. J Clin Lipidol 2018; 12:1331-1332. [PMID: 30527800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John R Guyton
- Professor of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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