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Bene-Alhasan Y, Shitole SG, Buzkova P, Hirsch CH, Ix JH, Kizer JR, Siscovick DS, Matthan NR, Lichtenstein AH, Djousse L, Mukamal KJ. Non-Esterified Fatty Acid Profiles and Cause-Specific Mortality: The Cardiovascular Health Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2025:dgaf182. [PMID: 40123481 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaf182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2024] [Revised: 01/11/2025] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 03/25/2025]
Abstract
CONTEXT Total fasting non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels have been associated with mortality. The corresponding associations with NEFA levels following an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and with individual fasting NEFA species are unclear. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the associations of post-load NEFA, fasting subclasses and individual NEFA with mortality. DESIGN AND SETTING The Cardiovascular Health Study is a population-based cohort study of community-dwelling adults over 64 years from four US communities that began in 1989-1990. Participants had total NEFA measured enzymatically before and two hours after an OGTT from archived serum samples collected in 1996-1997. Fasting individual NEFA were also measured using gas chromatography. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for mortality associated with fasting and post-load total NEFA, and fasting individual and fatty acid subclasses (saturated, monounsaturated, n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated, and trans). RESULTS The final population included 1996 participants with a mean age of 78 years. 60.5% were female. Over a median 11-year follow-up period, 1678 participants died. Total fasting NEFA was associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (aHR per standard deviation: 1.17, 95% CI [1.10-1.23]). Total post-load NEFA was not associated with mortality. Among subclasses, only monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) was associated with total mortality (aHR 1.24, 95% CI [1.09-1.41]). For individual NEFAs, nervonic acid (aHR 1.06, 95% CI [1.01-1.12]), petroselaidic acid (aHR 1.21, 95% CI [1.03-1.42]) and eicosapentaenoic acid (aHR 0.90, 95% CI [0.82-0.99]) were associated with all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION Individual fasting NEFAs represent attractive candidates for medical and public health interventions aimed at improving survivorship in older adults and should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakubu Bene-Alhasan
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sanyog G Shitole
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Petra Buzkova
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Calvin H Hirsch
- Division of General Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Joachim H Ix
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego and Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA, USA
| | - Jorge R Kizer
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Nirupa R Matthan
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alice H Lichtenstein
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luc Djousse
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth J Mukamal
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Guan WX, Lan Z, Wang QC, Wa HR, Muren H, Bai LL, Men SR, Liu GQ, Gao JX, Bai CX. Effects of Prolonged Cold Stress on Vascular Function in Guinea Pigs With Atherosclerosis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2025; 85:63-74. [PMID: 39591604 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024]
Abstract
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE This study explored the effects of long-term cold stress (CS) on aortic vascular function in guinea pigs. RESEARCH METHODS Hartley guinea pigs (n = 32) were divided into the following groups: atherosclerosis (AS), CS, and menthol-stimulated (M), and control (C). On days 1, 15, 30, 45, and 60, guinea pigs in the AS, CS, and M groups were intraperitoneally injected with bovine serum albumin. The C group was provided with maintenance feed and room temperature water. The AS group was provided with a high-fat diet and room temperature water. The CS group was maintained in a refrigerator at 4°C, while providing a high-fat diet and iced water. The M group was administered menthol solution, and provided with a high-fat diet and room temperature water. The modeling period lasted for 120 days. On day 121, abdominal aortic sera and aortic samples were obtained after intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentobarbital. Blood rheology tests were conducted to assess blood adhesion, biochemical tests to assess lipid levels, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to detect serum nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in aortic tissue. Hematoxylin and eosin and oil red O staining were used to examine pathologic changes in the aorta, Western blotting to detect transient receptor potential melastatin 8 and protein kinase G protein expression, quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure VCAM-1 mRNA expression level. RESEARCH FINDINGS Prolonged exposure to CS exacerbated lipid-metabolism disorders in guinea pigs fed a high-fat diet, increased aortic vascular cell adhesion, and exacerbated vascular inflammation, leading to endothelial injury, ultimately worsening pathologic changes associated with aortic atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhuo Lan
- Institute of Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Qing-Chun Wang
- Institute of Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Hao Ri Wa
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China ; and
| | - Huhe Muren
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China ; and
| | - Li-Li Bai
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China ; and
| | - Si Ri Men
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China ; and
| | - Guo-Qing Liu
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China ; and
| | - Jing-Xian Gao
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China ; and
| | - Chang-Xi Bai
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China ; and
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Tao Z, Zuo P, Ma G. The association between weight-adjusted waist circumference index and cardiovascular disease and mortality in patients with diabetes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18973. [PMID: 39152145 PMCID: PMC11329698 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69712-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant health concern, particularly among patients with diabetes. The weight-adjusted waist circumference index (WWI), a novel metric that accounts for central obesity, has shown potential in predicting obesity-related health risks. This study aimed to evaluate the association of WWI with CVD and mortality in patients with diabetes. Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2020, WWI was calculated by dividing waist circumference (WC) by the square root of body weight. Multivariate logistic regression, multivariate Cox regression and restricted cubic spline curves were used to assess the association between WWI and the prevalence of CVD and mortality in patients with diabetes, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were carried out to delve into the stability of the findings. The predictive performance of WWI was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). This study included 8,005 individuals with diabetes. With the increase in WWI values, the risk of developing CVD and the likelihood of mortality progressively rise. The fully adjusted continuous model indicated a 28% higher chance of developing CVD and a 25% higher risk of all-cause mortality for each one-unit increase in WWI. When using the lowest quartile of WWI as the reference category, the highest quartile was linked to an increased risk of CVD (OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.10-2.50, p = 0.015) and all-cause mortality (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.27-1.83, p < 0.001) among patients with diabetes. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses confirmed that these associations were consistent and stable in most different demographics. The ROC analysis indicated that WWI had a higher predictive capacity for CVD and all-cause mortality than WC, waist to hip ratio, and weight to height ratio. The WWI was significantly associated with the prevalence of CVD and all-cause mortality among patients with diabetes in the United States and may serve as a useful tool for identifying individuals at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaixiao Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Genshan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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Tao Z, Zuo P, Ma G. Association of weight-adjusted waist index with cardiovascular disease and mortality among metabolic syndrome population. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18684. [PMID: 39134613 PMCID: PMC11319818 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69486-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is prevalent and significantly impacts global public health, with obesity being a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and mortality. Traditional metrics like body mass index (BMI) have limitations in assessing obesity-related risks. The weight-adjusted waist circumference index (WWI) has emerged as a novel obesity metric, this study aimed to evaluate the association of WWI with CVD and mortality in MetS patients. This study used data from 12,641 participants with MetS, derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 1999 to 2020. The WWI was calculated, and its association with CVD and mortality was assessed using multivariate logistic and Cox regression models. The study controlled for potential confounders and performed subgroup and sensitivity analyses to validate the robustness of the findings. The predictive performance of WWI was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves further were used to evaluate the associations between WWI and mortality of the MetS population. As WWI values escalated, there was a proportional rise in the risk of CVD and mortality in MetS. The fully adjusted continuous model revealed a 32.0% elevated likelihood of CVD development, a 69.5% increased probability of heart failure (HF), a 51.1% heightened risk for CVD mortality, and a 22.8% augmented risk for all-cause mortality with each one-unit increment in WWI. Comparing the highest to the lowest quartile of WWI, the top quartile exhibited a significantly increased risk of CVD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.883; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.276-2.633, p-value = 0.001), HF (OR = 2.909; 95% CI: 1.490-5.677, p-value = 0.002), CVD mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.088; 95% CI: 1.279-3.409, p-value = 0.003), and all-cause mortality (HR = 1.394; 95% CI: 1.070-1.816, p-value = 0.014) among individuals with MetS. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses substantiated the consistency and stability of these associations across various demographic groups. The ROC analysis demonstrated that WWI outperforms BMI in predicting adverse outcomes in MetS. The KM curves validated that higher WWI values was correlated with diminished survival rates in MetS population. The WWI served as a significant indicator for assessing the risk of CVD and mortality in the MetS population. This study recommended the regular assessment of WWI in MetS individuals for evaluating their risk of CVD and mortality, potentially enhancing preventive and treatment strategies for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaixiao Tao
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Genshan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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Wang X, Hu T, Jiang Y, He Y, Li P, Peng W, Wang Y, Su W. Jingzhi Guanxin Oral Liquids Attenuate Atherosclerotic Coronary Heart Disease via Modulating Lipid Metabolism and PPAR-Related Targets. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:784. [PMID: 38931451 PMCID: PMC11206304 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Jingzhi Guanxin Oral Liquids (JZGX), a traditional Chinese medicine formulation prepared from the decoction of five herbs, has been utilized to relieve chest pain with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the chemical composition and therapeutic mechanisms of JZGX remain obscured. In this research, the potential targets and pathways of JZGX against CAD were anticipated through network pharmacology based on analyzing its chemical constituents using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. One hundred seven ingredients in JZGX were identified. The 39 active chemicals and 37 key targets were screened, and CAD-related signaling pathways were clustered, mainly associated with lipid metabolism. Subsequently, the atherosclerotic CAD animal model employing 24 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) ApoE-/- mice was constructed to investigate the JZGX efficacy and underlying mechanisms validating network forecasts. The histological staining examination and cardiovascular biomarker tests confirmed that JZGX reduced plaque formation in the aorta and decreased blood lipids in vivo. It featured anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, and myocardial protective effects. JZGX prevented excessive lipid deposits and inflammation within the liver and exhibited hepatoprotective properties. Serum untargeted metabolomics analysis indicated that JZGX ameliorated metabolic abnormalities in atherosclerotic CAD mice and prompted lipid metabolism, especially linoleic acid. The PPARs and attached critical targets (SREBP1, FASN, PTGS2, and CYP3A), filtered from the networks and connected with lipid metabolism, were dramatically modulated through JZGX administration, as revealed by western blotting. The molecular docking outcomes showed that all 39 active ingredients in JZGX had good binding activity with PPARα and PPARγ. These findings illustrate that JZGX alleviates atherosclerotic CAD progression by remodeling the lipid metabolism and regulating PPAR-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Weiwei Su
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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6
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Yuan D, Xu N, Song Y, Zhang Z, Xu J, Liu Z, Tang X, Han Y, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhu P, Guo X, Wang Z, Liu R, Wang Q, Yao Y, Feng Y, Zhao X, Yuan J. Association Between Free Fatty Acids and Cardiometabolic Risk in Coronary Artery Disease: Results From the PROMISE Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 109:125-134. [PMID: 37540767 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The association between free fatty acids (FFAs) and unfavorable clinical outcomes has been reported in the general population. However, evidence in the secondary prevention population is relatively scarce. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the relationship between FFA and cardiovascular risk in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS This study was based on a multicenter cohort of patients with CAD enrolled from January 2015 to May 2019. The primary outcome was all-cause death. Secondary outcomes included cardiac death and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), a composite of death, myocardial infarction, and unplanned revascularization. RESULTS During a follow-up of 2 years, there were 468 (3.0%) all-cause deaths, 335 (2.1%) cardiac deaths, and 1279 (8.1%) MACE. Elevated FFA levels were independently associated with increased risks of all-cause death, cardiac death, and MACE (all P < .05). Moreover, When FFA were combined with an original model derived from the Cox regression, there were significant improvements in discrimination and reclassification for prediction of all-cause death (net reclassification improvement [NRI] 0.245, P < .001; integrated discrimination improvement [IDI] 0.004, P = .004), cardiac death (NRI 0.269, P < .001; IDI 0.003, P = .006), and MACE (NRI 0.268, P < .001; IDI 0.004, P < .001). Notably, when stratified by age, we found that the association between FFA with MACE risk appeared to be stronger in patients aged ≥60 years compared with those aged <60 years. CONCLUSION In patients with CAD, FFAs are associated with all-cause death, cardiac death, and MACE. Combined evaluation of FFAs with other traditional risk factors could help identify high-risk individuals who may require closer monitoring and aggressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshan Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaling Han
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Guo
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (FAHZU), Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yao
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingqing Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyan Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinqing Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
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Luo L, Zhao C, Chen N, Dong Y, Li Z, Bai Y, Wu P, Gao C, Guo X. Characterization of global research trends and prospects on sudden coronary death: A literature visualization analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18586. [PMID: 37576229 PMCID: PMC10413084 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sudden coronary death is a major global public health issue that has a significant impact on both individuals and society. Nowadays, scholars are active in sudden coronary death all over the world. However, no relevant bibliometric studies have been published. Here, we aim to gain a better understanding the current state of research and to explore potential new research directions through bibliometric analysis. Methods Articles and reviews on sudden coronary death from 2012 to 2023 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The topic search was conducted using the following keywords: ((("sudden cardiac death" OR "sudden death") AND (coronary OR "myocardial infarction")) OR "sudden coronary death"). Knowledge maps of authors, countries, institutions, journals, keywords, and citations were conducted by CiteSpace. Publication dynamics, hotspots, and frontiers were analyzed independently by authors. Results A total of 2914 articles were identified from January 1, 2012 to June 20, 2023. The USA (n = 972) contributed the greatest absolute productivity and UK (centrality = 0.13) built a robust global collaboration. Harvard University was the institution with the highest number of publications (n = 143). Huikuri HV and Junttila MJ were the most published authors who devoted to searching for biomarkers of sudden coronary death. American Journal of Cardiology was the journal with the most publications, and Circulation was the most cited journal. Left ventricular ejection fraction, society, inflammation, and fractional flow reserve became novel burst words that lasted until 2023. Research on etiology and pathology, role of early risk factors in risk stratification, potential predictive biomarkers and novel measurement methods for the prevention and management of sudden coronary death were identified as the research hotspots and frontiers. Conclusion Our knowledge and understanding of sudden coronary death have significantly improved. Ongoing efforts should focus on the various etiologies and pathologies of sudden coronary death. Furthermore, a novel sudden coronary death risk model, large-scale population studies, and the rational use of multiple indicators to individualize the assessment of sudden coronary death and other risk factors are other emerging research trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Luo
- Department of Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chunmei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Niannian Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yiming Dong
- Department of Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhanpeng Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yaqin Bai
- Department of Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Cairong Gao
- Department of Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiangjie Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Involvement of Versatile Bacteria Belonging to the Genus Arthrobacter in Milk and Dairy Products. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061270. [PMID: 36981196 PMCID: PMC10048301 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk is naturally a rich source of many essential nutrients; therefore, it is quite a suitable medium for bacterial growth and serves as a reservoir for bacterial contamination. The genus Arthrobacter is a food-related bacterial group commonly present as a contaminant in milk and dairy products as primary and secondary microflora. Arthrobacter bacteria frequently demonstrate the nutritional versatility to degrade different compounds even in extreme environments. As a result of their metabolic diversity, Arthrobacter species have long been of interest to scientists for application in various industry and biotechnology sectors. In the dairy industry, strains from the Arthrobacter genus are part of the microflora of raw milk known as an indicator of hygiene quality. Although they cause spoilage, they are also regarded as important strains responsible for producing fermented milk products, especially cheeses. Several Arthrobacter spp. have reported their significance in the development of cheese color and flavor. Furthermore, based on the data obtained from previous studies about its thermostability, and thermoacidophilic and thermoresistant properties, the genus Arthrobacter promisingly provides advantages for use as a potential producer of β-galactosidases to fulfill commercial requirements as its enzymes allow dairy products to be treated under mild conditions. In light of these beneficial aspects derived from Arthrobacter spp. including pigmentation, flavor formation, and enzyme production, this bacterial genus is potentially important for the dairy industry.
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Kytikova OY, Novgorodtseva TP, Denisenko YK, Antonyuk MV, Gvozdenko TA, Atamas OV. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor And Coronary Artery Disease. RUSSIAN OPEN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2022.0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is defined as myocardial damage developing as a result of its organic and functional changes, and leading to impaired blood flow through the coronary arteries. An important pathogenetic component of CAD is atherosclerosis. Currently, key aspects of the molecular relationship between inflammation and atherosclerosis are being actively studied, the immunometabolic theory of atherosclerosis is being discussed, along with an involvement of perivascular adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of this pathology, due to its ability to respond to atherogenic stimuli via developing inflammatory reactions. Evidence has been accumulated that in patients with CAD, both in their blood and perivascular adipose tissue, the level of neurotrophic factors (in particular, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF) changes, which may be a promising area of research from the standpoint of studying this factor as a therapeutic target for atherosclerosis in CAD. Neurotrophic growth factors control the functioning of both immune and nervous systems, and the balance of energy metabolism and innervation of adipose tissue. They affect vascular homeostasis, and are also involved in causing and stopping inflammation. Currently, there are data on the role of BDNF in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases, and on the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids and eicosanoids on the level of BDNF and, accordingly, the development and progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis. Our review summarizes published data (2019-2021) on the pathophysiological and pathogenetic mechanisms of the relationship between BDNF and CAD (atherosclerosis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Yu. Kytikova
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Tatyana P. Novgorodtseva
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Yulia K. Denisenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Marina V. Antonyuk
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Tatyana A. Gvozdenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Olga V. Atamas
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Scientific Research Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitation Therapy, Vladivostok, Russia
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Hypolipidemic Effect of Hemp Seed Oil from the Northern Morocco Endemic Beldiya Ecotype in a Mice Model: Comparison with Fenofibrate Hypolipidemic Drugs. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/9142395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Cannabis sativa is a source of oil seeds for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food uses. Objective. The aim of this study is to evaluate the hypolipidemic effect of hemp seed oil (HSO) obtained from a local ecotype called “Beldiya.” Methods. The extraction of HSO was carried out by cold press method. Then, the fatty acid and tocopherol composition was analyzed, respectively, by GC-FID and HPLC. The hypolipidemic activity of HSO at a dose of 3.5 and 7 mg/kg body weight was evaluated in Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice by measuring plasma cholesterol (total lipid, HDL, and LDL), plasma triglycerides, and atherogenic index using enzymatic methods. Fenofibrate was used as a standard hypolipidemic drug at a dose of 3.5 mg/kg body weight. Results. Analyzed HSO shows a high unsaturated fatty acids’ content with the dominance of linoleic acid (48.85%), oleic acid (21.82%), as well as α- and γ-linolenic acid (14.72%). The result demonstrates that this typical vegetable oil contains a high concentration of γ-tocopherol (456 mg·kg−1 oil). Furthermore, the administration of HSO decreases plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol while increases HDL-cholesterol. Consequently, the HSO reduces the atherogenic index and LDL/HDL ratio. The hypolipidemic effect of fenofibrate is relatively more marked comparatively to that of HSO especially concerning total cholesterol and its LDL fraction. Conclusions. The local ecotype HSO has an interesting effect on plasma lipid parameters and might be beneficial for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Jiang Y, Zhang X, Ma R, Wang X, Liu J, Keerman M, Yan Y, Ma J, Song Y, Zhang J, He J, Guo S, Guo H. Cardiovascular Disease Prediction by Machine Learning Algorithms Based on Cytokines in Kazakhs of China. Clin Epidemiol 2021; 13:417-428. [PMID: 34135637 PMCID: PMC8200454 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s313343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Accurately identifying subjects at high-risk of CVD may improve CVD outcomes. We sought to systematically examine the feasibility and performance of 7 widely used machine learning (ML) algorithms in predicting CVD risks. Methods The final analysis included 1508 Kazakh subjects in China without CVD at baseline who completed follow-up. All subjects were randomly divided into the training set (80%) and the test set (20%). L1-penalized logistic regression (LR), support vector machine with radial basis function (SVM), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), Gaussian naive Bayes (NB), and extreme gradient boosting (XGB) were employed for prediction CVD outcomes. Ten-fold cross-validation was used during model developing and hyperparameters tuning in the training set. Model performance was evaluated in the test set in light of discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness. RF was applied to obtain the variable importance of included variables. Twenty-two variables, including sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, cytokines, and synthetic indices, were used for model development. Results Among 1508 subjects, 203 were diagnosed with CVD over a median follow-up of 5.17 years. All 7 models had moderate to excellent discrimination (AUC ranged from 0.770 to 0.872) and were well calibrated. LR and SVM performed identically with an AUC of 0.872 (95% CI: 0.829–0.907) and 0.868 (95% CI: 0.825–0.904), respectively. LR had the lowest Brier score (0.078) and the highest sensitivity (97.1%). Decision curve analysis indicated that SVM was slightly better than LR. The inflammatory cytokines, such as hs-CRP and IL-6, were identified as strong predictors of CVD. Conclusion SVM and LR can be applied to guide clinical decision-making in the Kazakh Chinese population, and further study is required to ensure their accuracies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxing Jiang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghui Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Rulin Ma
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinping Wang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mulatibieke Keerman
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhong Yan
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaolong Ma
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanpeng Song
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical College, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxia Guo
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Guo
- Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
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