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Lima MO, Saraiva LC, Ramos VR, Oliveira MC, Costa DLC, Fernandez TV, Crowley JJ, Storch EA, Shavitt RG, Miguel EC, Cappi C. Clinical characteristics of probands with obsessive-compulsive disorder from simplex and multiplex families. Psychiatry Res 2024; 331:115627. [PMID: 38113811 PMCID: PMC11129832 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Genetic and non-genetic factors contribute to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), with strong evidence of familial clustering. Genomic studies in psychiatry have used the concepts of families that are "simplex" (one affected) versus "multiplex" (multiple affected). Our study compares demographic and clinical data from OCD probands in simplex and multiplex families to uncover potential differences. We analyzed 994 OCD probands (501 multiplex, 493 simplex) from the Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (C-TOC). Clinicians administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-IV) to diagnose, Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) to assess severity, and Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DY-BOCS) to assess symptom dimensionality. Demographics, clinical history, and family data were collected. Compared to simplex probands, multiplex probands had earlier onset, higher sexual/religious and hoarding dimensions severity, increased comorbidity with other obsessive-compulsive-related disorders (OCRD), and higher family history of psychiatric disorders. These comparisons provide the first insights into demographic and clinical differences between Latin American simplex and multiplex families with OCD. Distinct clinical patterns may suggest diverse genetic and environmental influences. Further research is needed to clarify these differences, which have implications for symptom monitoring and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monicke O Lima
- Department & Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Leonardo C Saraiva
- Department & Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Vanessa R Ramos
- Department & Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Melaine C Oliveira
- Department & Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Daniel L C Costa
- Department & Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Thomas V Fernandez
- Child Study Center and Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - James J Crowley
- Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eric A Storch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roseli G Shavitt
- Department & Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Euripedes C Miguel
- Department & Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Carolina Cappi
- Department & Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo (SP), Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy, New York, NY, USA.
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Giacomo FD, Strippoli MPF, Castelao E, Amoussou JR, Gholam M, Ranjbar S, Glaus J, Marquet P, Preisig M, Plessen KJ, Vandeleur CL. Risk factors for mood disorders among offspring of parents with bipolar disorder: Findings from a discordant-sibling study. Psychiatry Res 2023; 330:115615. [PMID: 38007982 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this naturalistic, prospective study was to identify risk factors for mood disorders in offspring of parents with bipolar disorder (BPD) using the discordant-sibling design by comparing premorbid psychopathology or symptoms, temperament, personality traits and coping style as well as the perception of family-related characteristics among affected and unaffected siblings within the same family. This approach controls for confounding by unmeasured genetic and environmental factors shared within families. Our sample comprised 24 families of a parent with BPD with at least one child that developed BPD or major depressive disorder (n = 31), and at least one child who did not. Offspring were followed for a mean duration of 16.2 (s.d: 4.6) years. Information was collected from the offspring themselves. Generalized linear mixed models only revealed differences in three dimensions of the Dimension of Temperament Survey-Revised (DOTS-R) version: Offspring with mood disorders scored higher on "Approach-withdrawal", "Rhythmicity for daily habits", and "Task orientation" than their unaffected siblings. The higher scores, and not lower scores as expected, on these temperament dimensions observed in offspring that subsequently developed mood disorders may reflect increased vulnerability, but they could also mirror premorbid mood swings or strategies to cope with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Di Giacomo
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Marie-Pierre F Strippoli
- Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Enrique Castelao
- Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joëlle Rosselet Amoussou
- Psychiatry Library, Education and Research Department, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Mehdi Gholam
- Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Setareh Ranjbar
- Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Glaus
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Marquet
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland; International Research Unit in Neurodevelopment and Child Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland and Laval University, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Preisig
- Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Jessica Plessen
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Caroline L Vandeleur
- Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ambresin G, Strippoli MPF, Vandeleur CL, de Roten Y, Despland JN, Preisig M. Correlates of chronic depression in the general population: results from the CoLaus|PsyCoLaus study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023; 58:1179-1191. [PMID: 36949341 PMCID: PMC10366283 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02462-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous population-based studies have partially provided inconsistent results regarding the co-variates of chronic depression, which were likely to be attributable to methodological limitations. The present paper that compared people with chronic major depressive disorder (MDD), non-chronic MDD and no mood disorder in the community focused on specific atypical and melancholic depression symptoms and subtypes of MDD, family history (FH) of mood disorders, measured physical cardio-vascular risk factors (CVRF), personality traits, coping style and adverse life-events. METHODS Data stemmed from a population-based cohort including 3618 participants (female 53%, n=1918; mean age 50.9 years, s.d. 8.8 years). Among them 563 had a lifetime history of chronic MDD, 1060 of non-chronic MDD and 1995 of no mood disorder. Diagnostic and FH information were elicited through semi-structured interviews, CVRF were assessed through physical investigations. RESULTS The major findings were that chronic MDD was associated with increase in appetite/weight and suicidal ideation/attempts during the most severe episode, higher exposure to life-events in adulthood, higher levels of neuroticism, lower levels of extraversion and lower levels of informal help-seeking behavior but less frequent FH of MDD compared to non-chronic MDD. CONCLUSION Chronic MDD is associated with a series of potential modifiable risk factors which are accessible via psychotherapeutic approaches that may improve the course of chronic MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Ambresin
- University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- General Practice and Primary Health Care Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | | | - Yves de Roten
- University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Elowe J, Vallat J, Castelao E, Strippoli MPF, Gholam M, Ranjbar S, Glaus J, Merikangas K, Lavigne B, Marquet P, Preisig M, Vandeleur CL. Psychotic features, particularly mood incongruence, as a hallmark of severity of bipolar I disorder. Int J Bipolar Disord 2022; 10:31. [PMID: 36528859 PMCID: PMC9760584 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-022-00280-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The occurrence of psychotic features within mood episodes in patients with bipolar I disorder (BD I) has been associated in some studies with a more severe clinical and socio-professional profile. In contrast, other studies establishing the associations of psychotic features in BD I, and in particular of mood-congruent (MC) and mood-incongruent (MI) features, with clinical characteristics have yielded contradictory results. However, many pre-existing studies have been affected by serious methodological limitations. Using a sample of thoroughly assessed patients with BD I our aims were to: (1) establish the proportion of those with MI and MC features, and (2) compare BD I patients with and without psychotic features as well as those with MI to those with MC features on a wide array of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics including course, psychiatric comorbidity and treatment. METHODS A sample of 162 treated patients with BD I (60.5% female, mean age = 41.4 (s.d: 10.2) years) was recruited within a large family study of mood disorders. Clinical, course and treatment characteristics relied on information elicited through direct diagnostic interviews, family history reports and medical records. RESULTS (1) A total of 96 patients (59.3%) had experienced psychotic features over their lifetime. Among them, 44.8% revealed MI features at least once in their lives. (2) Patients with psychotic features were much less likely to be professionally active, revealed alcohol abuse more frequently and used health care, particularly inpatient treatment, more frequently than those without psychotic features. Within patients with psychotic symptoms, those with MI features showed more clinical severity in terms of a higher likelihood of reporting hallucinations, suicidal attempts and comorbid cannabis dependence. CONCLUSION Our data provide additional support for both the distinction between BD-I with and without psychotic features as well as the distinction between MI and MC psychotic features. The more severe course of patients with psychotic features, and particularly those with MI psychotic features, highlights the need for thorough psychopathological evaluations to assess the presence of these symptoms to install appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Elowe
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, West Sector, Chemin Oscar Forel 3, Prangins, 1197 Canton of Vaud, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, North Sector, Yverdon, Canton of Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Julie Vallat
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Enrique Castelao
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Pierre F. Strippoli
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Mehdi Gholam
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Setareh Ranjbar
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Glaus
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Clinics, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kathleen Merikangas
- grid.416868.50000 0004 0464 0574Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Benjamin Lavigne
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, West Sector, Chemin Oscar Forel 3, Prangins, 1197 Canton of Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Marquet
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Department of Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390International Research Unit in Neurodevelopment and Child Psychiatry, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Preisig
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Caroline L. Vandeleur
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
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Moulin F, Gholam M, Strippoli MPF, Castelao E, Merikangas KR, Stapp EK, Marquet P, Aubry JM, Plessen KJ, Di Giacomo F, Glaus J, Pistis G, Lavigne B, Elowe J, Ranjbar S, Preisig M, Vandeleur CL. Environmental factors in offspring of parents with mood disorders and their role in parent-child transmission: findings from a 14-year prospective high-risk study. Int J Bipolar Disord 2022; 10:11. [PMID: 35386056 PMCID: PMC8986929 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-022-00257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The factors involved in the transmission of mood disorders are only partially elucidated. Aside from genes, the family environment might play a crucial role in parent–child transmission. Our goals were to (1) assess the associations of parental bipolar disorder (BPD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) with individual or shared family environmental factors, including traumatic events in offspring, parental separation, family cohesion and parental attitudes; and 2) test whether these factors were mediators of the association between exposure to parental mood disorders and the onset of these disorders in offspring. Methods The sample stems from an ongoing family high-risk study of mood disorders conducted in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. Given the strong impact of the age of onset of parental disorders on their transmission to children, parental disorders were dichotomized according to the onset (cut-off 21 years). Probands with early-onset (n = 30) and later-onset BPD (n = 51), early-onset (n = 21) and later-onset MDD (n = 47) and controls (n = 65), along with their spouses (n = 193) and offspring (n = 388; < 18 years on study inclusion), were assessed over a mean follow-up duration of 14 years (s.d: 4.6). The environmental measures were based on reports by offspring collected before the onset of their first mood episode. Results Offspring of probands with later-onset BPD and offspring of probands with both early-onset and later-onset MDD reported traumatic events more frequently than comparison offspring, whereas exposure to parental separation was more frequent in all groups of high-risk offspring. Moreover, several familial environment scores including parenting attitudes differed between offspring of probands with BPD and comparison offspring. However, none of these factors were mediators of the parent–child transmission of BPD. Among the environmental factors, traumatic events were shown to be modest mediators of the transmission of early-onset MDD. Conclusions Our data do not support the implication of the assessed environmental factors in the parent–child transmission of BPD. In contrast to BPD, traumatic events partially mediate the parent–child transmission of early-onset MDD, which has important implications for intervention and prevention. Early therapeutic efforts in offspring exposed to these events are likely to reduce their deleterious impact on the risk of subsequent MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flore Moulin
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Route de Cery 25, Prilly, Switzerland.,INSERM U 1219, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mehdi Gholam
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Route de Cery 25, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Pierre F Strippoli
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Route de Cery 25, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Enrique Castelao
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Route de Cery 25, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Kathleen R Merikangas
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Emma K Stapp
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pierre Marquet
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Research Unit in Neurodevelopment and Child Psychiatry, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Aubry
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin J Plessen
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Di Giacomo
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, North Sector, Canton of Vaud, Yverdon, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Glaus
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Route de Cery 25, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Lavigne
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, West Sector, Canton of Vaud, Prangins, Switzerland
| | - Julien Elowe
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, North and West Sectors, Canton of Vaud, Yverdon and Prangins, Switzerland
| | - Setareh Ranjbar
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Route de Cery 25, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Martin Preisig
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Route de Cery 25, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Caroline L Vandeleur
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Route de Cery 25, Prilly, Switzerland.
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van Sprang ED, Maciejewski DF, Milaneschi Y, Elzinga BM, Beekman ATF, Hartman CA, van Hemert AM, Penninx BWJH. Familial risk for depressive and anxiety disorders: associations with genetic, clinical, and psychosocial vulnerabilities. Psychol Med 2022; 52:696-706. [PMID: 32624018 PMCID: PMC8961330 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720002299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In research and clinical practice, familial risk for depression and anxiety is often constructed as a simple Yes/No dichotomous family history (FH) indicator. However, this measure may not fully capture the liability to these conditions. This study investigated whether a continuous familial loading score (FLS), incorporating family- and disorder-specific characteristics (e.g. family size, prevalence of depression/anxiety), (i) is associated with a polygenic risk score (PRS) for major depression and with clinical/psychosocial vulnerabilities and (ii) still captures variation in clinical/psychosocial vulnerabilities after information on FH has been taken into account. METHODS Data came from 1425 participants with lifetime depression and/or anxiety from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. The Family Tree Inventory was used to determine FLS/FH indicators for depression and/or anxiety. RESULTS Persons with higher FLS had higher PRS for major depression, more severe depression and anxiety symptoms, higher disease burden, younger age of onset, and more neuroticism, rumination, and childhood trauma. Among these variables, FH was not associated with PRS, severity of symptoms, and neuroticism. After regression out the effect of FH from the FLS, the resulting residualized measure of FLS was still associated with severity of symptoms of depression and anxiety, rumination, and childhood trauma. CONCLUSIONS Familial risk for depression and anxiety deserves clinical attention due to its associated genetic vulnerability and more unfavorable disease profile, and seems to be better captured by a continuous score that incorporates family- and disorder-specific characteristics than by a dichotomous FH measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonore D. van Sprang
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dominique F. Maciejewski
- Department of Developmental Psychopathology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bernet M. Elzinga
- Institute of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aartjan T. F. Beekman
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina A. Hartman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, Department of Psychiatry, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert M. van Hemert
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Havercamp SM, Barnhill LJ, Bonardi A, Chapman RA, Cobranchi C, Fletcher RJ, Rabidoux P, Seeley JR, Tassé MJ. Straight from the horse's mouth: Increasing self-report in mental health assessment in individuals with intellectual disability. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2021; 35:471-479. [PMID: 34729880 DOI: 10.1111/jar.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health conditions are common among individuals with intellectual disability. Under recognition of mental health disorders leading to unmet treatment needs is common in this population. This article addresses one major contributing factor, the lack of cognitively accessible self-report measures for individuals with intellectual disability. METHOD In this literature-informed overview of the state of the field, we discuss the need for, and complexities of, including individuals with intellectual disability in mental health assessments. RESULTS With appropriate supports, many individuals with intellectual disability can respond to mental health questions. We discuss evidence-based strategies to make mental health assessments more accessible. CONCLUSION We highlight the need to engage individuals with intellectual disability to provide first-hand information about their health and well-being. New instruments and research procedures should be developed in partnership with individuals with intellectual disability. Self-report may be essential to advancing the science of mental health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Havercamp
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Nisonger Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - L Jarrett Barnhill
- Psychiatry and Psychology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Richard A Chapman
- Kansas Center on Developmental Disabilities, University of Kansas, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Chelsea Cobranchi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Nisonger Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Paula Rabidoux
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Nisonger Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - John R Seeley
- Special Education and Clinical Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Marc J Tassé
- Psychology and Psychiatry, The Ohio State University Nisonger Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Schuckit MA, Clarke DF, Smith TL, Mendoza LA, Schoen L. The Search for Contributors to Low Rates of Recognition of Paternal Alcohol Use Disorders in Offspring From the San Diego Prospective Study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:1551-1560. [PMID: 32583872 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most efficient approach for establishing family histories (FHs) asks informants about disorders in their relatives (a Family History Method [FHM]). However, FHMs underestimate family diagnoses. We evaluated if accuracies of young adult offspring report of their father's alcohol use disorders (AUDs) related to the age, sex, education, and/or substance-related patterns/problems of either the young adult informants or their AUD fathers. METHODS Data from the San Diego Prospective Study (SDPS), a multigenerational 35-year investigation, compared father/offspring pairs where the proband father's alcohol problems were correctly (Group 1) or incorrectly (Group 2) noted by offspring. In the key analysis, Group 1 versus 2 results were entered into bootstrapped backward logistic regression analyses predicting Group 1 membership. RESULTS Five proband and one offspring characteristic were associated with correct identification of their father's alcohol problems. None of these related to age, education, or sex. Characteristics associated with correct FHM diagnoses included the father's FH of AUDs, self-report of drinking despite social/interpersonal or physical/psychological alcohol-related problems, spending much time related to alcohol, and his having a religious preference. The single offspring item predicting correct identification of the father's problems was the number of DSM alcohol problems of the offspring. CONCLUSIONS In the SDPS, FHM sensitivity was most closely related to the father's drinking characteristics, not the offspring characteristics. While unique aspects of SDPS families potentially limit generalizability of results, the data demonstrate how the FHM can offer important initial steps in the search for genetically related AUD risks in a subset of families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Schuckit
- From the, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Dennis F Clarke
- From the, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Tom L Smith
- From the, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Lee Anne Mendoza
- From the, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Lara Schoen
- From the, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Angst J, Rössler W, Ajdacic-Gross V, Angst F, Wittchen HU, Lieb R, Beesdo-Baum K, Asselmann E, Merikangas KR, Cui L, Andrade LH, Viana MC, Lamers F, Penninx BW, de Azevedo Cardoso T, Jansen K, Dias de Mattos Souza L, Azevedo da Silva R, Kapczinski F, Grobler C, Gholam-Rezaee M, Preisig M, Vandeleur CL. Differences between unipolar mania and bipolar-I disorder: Evidence from nine epidemiological studies. Bipolar Disord 2019; 21:437-448. [PMID: 30475430 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although clinical evidence suggests important differences between unipolar mania and bipolar-I disorder (BP-I), epidemiological data are limited. Combining data from nine population-based studies, we compared subjects with mania (M) or mania with mild depression (Md) to those with BP-I with both manic and depressive episodes with respect to demographic and clinical characteristics in order to highlight differences. METHODS Participants were compared for gender, age, age at onset of mania, psychiatric comorbidity, temperament, and family history of mental disorders. Generalized linear mixed models with adjustment for sex and age as well as for each study source were applied. Analyses were performed for the pooled adult and adolescent samples, separately. RESULTS Within the included cohorts, 109 adults and 195 adolescents were diagnosed with M/Md and 323 adults and 182 adolescents with BP-I. In both adult and adolescent samples, there was a male preponderance in M/Md, whereas lifetime generalized anxiety and/panic disorders and suicide attempts were less common in M/Md than in BP-I. Furthermore, adults with mania revealed bulimia/binge eating and drug use disorders less frequently than those with BP-I. CONCLUSIONS The significant differences found in gender and comorbidity between mania and BP-I suggest that unipolar mania, despite its low prevalence, should be established as a separate diagnosis both for clinical and research purposes. In clinical settings, the rarer occurrence of suicide attempts, anxiety, and drug use disorders among individuals with unipolar mania may facilitate successful treatment of the disorder and lead to a more favorable course than that of BP-I disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules Angst
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wulf Rössler
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vladeta Ajdacic-Gross
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix Angst
- Rehabilitation Clinic, Bad Zurzach, Switzerland
| | - Hans Ulrich Wittchen
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Psychiatric University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Rosalind Lieb
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.,Division of Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katja Beesdo-Baum
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eva Asselmann
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kathleen R Merikangas
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lihong Cui
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Laura H Andrade
- Section of Psychiatric Epidemiology (LIM 23), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria C Viana
- Department of Social Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Femke Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda Wjh Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Karen Jansen
- Health and Behavior Graduate Program, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Flavio Kapczinski
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christoffel Grobler
- Elizabeth Donkin Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.,Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | - Mehdi Gholam-Rezaee
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Martin Preisig
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
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10
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Riesel A, Klawohn J, Grützmann R, Kaufmann C, Heinzel S, Bey K, Lennertz L, Wagner M, Kathmann N. Error-related brain activity as a transdiagnostic endophenotype for obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety and substance use disorder. Psychol Med 2019; 49:1207-1217. [PMID: 30744714 PMCID: PMC6498788 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719000199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased neural error-signals have been observed in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety disorders, and inconsistently in depression. Reduced neural error-signals have been observed in substance use disorders (SUD). Thus, alterations in error-monitoring are proposed as a transdiagnostic endophenotype. To strengthen this notion, data from unaffected individuals with a family history for the respective disorders are needed. METHODS The error-related negativity (ERN) as a neural indicator of error-monitoring was measured during a flanker task from 117 OCD patients, 50 unaffected first-degree relatives of OCD patients, and 130 healthy comparison participants. Family history information indicated, that 76 healthy controls were free of a family history for psychopathology, whereas the remaining had first-degree relatives with depression (n = 28), anxiety (n = 27), and/or SUD (n = 27). RESULTS Increased ERN amplitudes were found in OCD patients and unaffected first-degree relatives of OCD patients. In addition, unaffected first-degree relatives of individuals with anxiety disorders were also characterized by increased ERN amplitudes, whereas relatives of individuals with SUD showed reduced amplitudes. CONCLUSIONS Alterations in neural error-signals in unaffected first-degree relatives with a family history of OCD, anxiety, or SUD support the utility of the ERN as a transdiagnostic endophenotype. Reduced neural error-signals may indicate vulnerability for under-controlled behavior and risk for substance use, whereas a harm- or error-avoidant response style and vulnerability for OCD and anxiety appears to be associated with increased ERN. This adds to findings suggesting a common neurobiological substrate across psychiatric disorders involving the anterior cingulate cortex and deficits in cognitive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Riesel
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Klawohn
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Rosa Grützmann
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Kaufmann
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Heinzel
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Freie University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Bey
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Leonhard Lennertz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Norbert Kathmann
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Rudaz DA, Vandeleur CL, Gebreab SZ, Gholam-Rezaee M, Strippoli MPF, Lasserre AM, Glaus J, Castelao E, Pistis G, von Känel R, Marques-Vidal P, Waeber G, Vollenweider P, Preisig M. Partially distinct combinations of psychological, metabolic and inflammatory risk factors are prospectively associated with the onset of the subtypes of Major Depressive Disorder in midlife. J Affect Disord 2017; 222:195-203. [PMID: 28710953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the well known heterogeneity of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), dividing this complex disorder into subtypes is likely to be a more promising approach to identify its determinants than to study it as a whole. METHODS In a prospective population-based cohort study (CoLaus|PsyCoLaus) with 5.5 years of follow-up, 1524 participants without MDD at baseline, aged 35-66 years (mean age 51.4 years, 43.4% females), participated in the physical and psychiatric baseline and the psychiatric follow-up evaluations. RESULTS The incidence of both atypical and melancholic MDD during the follow-up period were predicted by female sex, a lifetime history of minor depressive disorders and higher neuroticism scores. Higher baseline body mass index was associated with the onset of atypical MDD, whereas the absence of hypertension and younger age were associated with the development of melancholic MDD. Unspecified MDD was predicted by younger age, low concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α and elevated life-event impact scores. LIMITATIONS The age range of our cohort restricts the identification of risk factors to MDD with onset in midlife and the recruitment in an urban area limits the generalizability of the findings. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that MDD subtypes are predicted by partially distinct combinations of baseline characteristics suggesting that these subtypes not only differ in their clinical manifestations but also in factors that contribute to their development. Subjects with minor depressive episodes, especially in combination with particular personality features, deserve close clinical attention to prevent the subsequent onset of atypical and melancholic major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique A Rudaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | - Sirak Z Gebreab
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mehdi Gholam-Rezaee
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Aurélie M Lasserre
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Glaus
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Enrique Castelao
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roland von Känel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Clinic Barmelweid, Barmelweid, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gérard Waeber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Preisig
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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12
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Rubenstein E, Edmondson Pretzel R, Windham GC, Schieve LA, Wiggins LD, DiGuiseppi C, Olshan AF, Howard AG, Pence BW, Young L, Daniels J. The Broader Autism Phenotype in Mothers is Associated with Increased Discordance Between Maternal-Reported and Clinician-Observed Instruments that Measure Child Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2017; 47:3253-3266. [PMID: 28748335 PMCID: PMC5728366 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-017-3248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis relies on parent-reported and clinician-observed instruments. Sometimes, results between these instruments disagree. The broader autism phenotype (BAP) in parent-reporters may be associated with discordance. Study to Explore Early Development data (N = 712) were used to address whether mothers with BAP and children with ASD or non-ASD developmental disabilities were more likely than mothers without BAP to 'over-' or 'under-report' child ASD on ASD screeners or interviews compared with clinician observation or overall impression. Maternal BAP was associated with a child meeting thresholds on a maternal-reported screener or maternal interview when clinician ASD instruments or impressions did not (risk ratios: 1.30 to 2.85). Evidence suggests acknowledging and accounting for reporting discordances may be important when diagnosing ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Rubenstein
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Rebecca Edmondson Pretzel
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Center for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 101 Renee Lynne Ct, Carrboro, NC, 27510, USA
| | - Gayle C Windham
- Division of Environmental and Occupational Disease Control, California Department of Public Health, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy, Bldg. P, Richmond, CA, 94804, USA
| | - Laura A Schieve
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Lisa D Wiggins
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Carolyn DiGuiseppi
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Campus Box B119, 13001 E. 17th Place, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Annie G Howard
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, 137 East Franklin Street Room 6702 CB# 8030, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Brian W Pence
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Lisa Young
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 420 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Julie Daniels
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, 135 Dauer Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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13
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The Lausanne-Geneva cohort study of offspring of parents with mood disorders: methodology, findings, current sample characteristics, and perspectives. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2017; 52:1041-1058. [PMID: 28396906 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-017-1382-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies focusing on the offspring of affected parents utilize the well-established familial aggregation of mood disorders as a powerful tool for the identification of risk factors, early clinical manifestations, and prodromes of mood disorders in these offspring. The major goals of the Lausanne-Geneva mood cohort study are to: (1) assess the familial aggregation of bipolar and unipolar mood disorders; (2) prospectively identify risk factors for mood disorders as well as their early signs and prodromes; (3) identify their endophenotypes including cognitive features, alterations in brain structure, HPA-axis dysregulation, and abnormalities of the circadian rhythm of activity. METHODS Probands with bipolar disorders, major depressive disorder, and controls with at least one child aged from 4 to 17.9 years at study intake, their offspring, as well as their spouses are invited to take part in follow-up assessments at predetermined ages of the offspring. Direct semi-structured diagnostic interviews have been used for all participants. Probands, spouses, and adult offspring also undergo neurocognitive testing, anthropomorphic measures and biochemical exams, structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging, as well as objective assessments of physical activity using accelerometers in combination with ecological momentary assessments. RESULTS Currently, our study has up to seven follow-up assessments extending over a period of 20 years. There are 214 probands and 389 offspring with one direct interview before age 18 as well as a second assessment over follow-up. Data on 236 co-parents are also available from whom 55% have been directly interviewed. First publications support the specificity of the familial aggregation of BPD and the strong influence of an early onset of the parental BPD, which amplifies the risk of developing this disorder in offspring. CONCLUSIONS Information from clinical, biological, cognitive, and behavioral measures, based on contemporary knowledge, should further enhance our understanding of mood disorder psychopathology, its consequences, and underlying mechanisms.
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14
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Dupuis M, Capel R, Meier E, Rudaz D, Strippoli MPF, Castelao E, Preisig M, Vandeleur CL. Do bipolar subjects' responses to personality questionnaires lack reliability? Evidence from the PsyCoLaus study. Psychiatry Res 2016; 238:299-303. [PMID: 27086248 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Differences in personality scores between subjects with and without mood disorders might result from response biases rather than specific personality traits per se. The aim of this study was to compare subjects with bipolar disorders (BPD) to non-bipolar subjects in terms of response quality to the NEO-FFI. Using data from the population-based cohort study PsyCoLaus, subjects were compared in terms of responses to the NEO-FFI, and indices of response quality were calculated. Hierarchical regression analyses were performed and controlled for sociodemographic factors, depressive episodes, dysthymia, anxiety disorders and substance use disorders. Consistent with the literature, subjects with BPD had higher scores in neuroticism and openness, and lower scores in conscientiousness. However, significant differences were measured for response reliability and validity. In particular, the indices of response quality including response reliability were lower in subjects with BPD suggesting that bipolar subjects might have more difficulty in providing consistent answers throughout questionnaires. However, regression models resulted in small associations between mania/hypomania and response quality, and showed that differences in response quality were mainly attributable to correlates of BPD instead of the presence of mania/hypomania itself. The current findings suggest that bipolar subjects' responses to questionnaires are biased, making them less reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Dupuis
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Roland Capel
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Meier
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Rudaz
- Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Pierre F Strippoli
- Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Enrique Castelao
- Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Martin Preisig
- Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Caroline L Vandeleur
- Centre for Research in Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Prilly, Switzerland
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15
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The specificity of the familial aggregation of early-onset bipolar disorder: A controlled 10-year follow-up study of offspring of parents with mood disorders. J Affect Disord 2016; 190:26-33. [PMID: 26480208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two major sources of heterogeneity of mood disorders that have been demonstrated in clinical, family and genetic studies are the mood disorder subtype (i.e. bipolar (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD)) and age of onset of mood episodes. Using a prospective high-risk study design, our aims were to test the specificity of the parent-child transmission of BPD and MDD and to establish the risk of psychopathology in offspring in function of the age of onset of the parental disorder. METHODS Clinical information was collected on 208 probands (n=81 with BPD, n=64 with MDD, n=63 medical controls) as well as their 202 spouses and 372 children aged 6-17 years at study entry. Parents and children were directly interviewed every 3 years (mean duration of follow-up=10.6 years). Parental age of onset was dichotomized at age 21. RESULTS Offspring of parents with early onset BPD entailed a higher risk of BPD HR=7.9(1.8-34.6) and substance use disorders HR=5.0(1.1-21.9) than those with later onset and controls. Depressive disorders were not significantly increased in offspring regardless of parental mood disorder subtype or age of onset. LIMITATIONS Limited sample size, age of onset in probands was obtained retrospectively, age of onset in co-parents was not adequately documented, and a quarter of the children had no direct interview. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide support for the independence of familial aggregation of BPD from MDD and the heterogeneity of BPD based on patterns of onset. Future studies should further investigate correlates of early versus later onset BPD.
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