1
|
Nam Chan JK, Chang DHH, Fung VSC, Ching Chui EM, Wong CSM, Chu RST, So YK, Chan JMT, Chung AKK, Lee KCK, Cheng CPW, Lo HKY, Law CW, Chan WC, Chang WC. Prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety and trauma-like symptoms in Chinese psychiatric patients during the fifth wave of COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Hong Kong. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:372. [PMID: 38760703 PMCID: PMC11100058 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05815-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric patients are susceptible to adverse mental health outcome during COVID-19 pandemic, but its associated factors are understudied. This observational cross-sectional study aimed to comprehensively examine prevalence and correlates of psychological distress, in terms of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic-stress-disorder (PTSD)-like symptoms, among Chinese adult psychiatric outpatients amidst the peak of fifth COVID-19 wave in Hong-Kong. METHODS A total of 415 patients (comprising 246 patients with common-mental-disorders [CMD] and 169 with severe-mental-disorders [SMD]) and 399 demographically-matched controls without mental disorders were assessed with self-rated questionnaires between 28-March and 8-April-2022, encompassing illness profile, mental health symptoms, psychosocial measures (loneliness, resilience, coping styles) and COVID-19 related factors. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine variables associated with moderate-to-severe depressive, anxiety and PTSD-like symptoms among psychiatric patients. RESULTS Our results showed that CMD patients had the greatest psychological distress relative to SMD patients and controls. Approximately 40-55% CMD patients and 25% SMD patients exhibited moderate-to-severe depression, anxiety and PTSD-like symptoms. Multivariable regression analyses revealed that female gender, lower educational attainment, single marital status, being housewife, more severe insomnia, psychotic-like symptoms and cognitive complaints, self-harm behavior, lower resilience, avoidance coping, never contracting COVID-19 infection, greater fear of contagion, and longer exposure to pandemic-related information were independently associated with depression, anxiety and/or PTSD-like symptoms in psychiatric patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results affirm increased vulnerability of psychiatric patients toward psychological distress during pandemic. An array of identified correlates facilitates early detection of high-risk psychiatric patients for targeted strategies to minimize pandemic-related negative psychological impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joe Kwun Nam Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Don Ho Hin Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vivian Shi Cheng Fung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Corine Sau Man Wong
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ryan Sai Ting Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuen Kiu So
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jacob Man Tik Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Albert Kar Kin Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Krystal Chi Kei Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Calvin Pak Wing Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Heidi Ka Ying Lo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Wing Law
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Chi Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Chung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fung VSC, Chan JKN, Chui EMC, Wong CSM, Chu RST, So YK, Chan JMT, Chung AKK, Lee KCK, Lo HKY, Cheng CPW, Law CW, Chan WC, Chang WC. Network analysis on psychopathological symptoms, psychological measures, quality of life and COVID-19 related factors in Chinese psychiatric patients in Hong Kong. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:271. [PMID: 38609962 PMCID: PMC11010282 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05690-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric patients are susceptible to adverse mental health impacts during COVID-19, but complex interplays between psychopathology and pandemic-related variables remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate concomitant associations between psychopathological symptoms, psychological measures and COVID-19 related variables in Chinese psychiatric patients during the peak of fifth pandemic wave in Hong Kong. METHODS We employed network analysis to investigate inter-relationships among psychopathological symptoms (including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder-like [PTSD-like] symptoms, insomnia, psychotic symptoms), cognitive complaints, health-related quality of life, loneliness, resilience and selected pandemic-related factors in 415 psychiatric outpatients between 28 March and 8 April, 2022. Network comparisons between genders, diagnosis (common mental disorders [CMD] vs. severe mental disorders [SMD]), and history of contracting COVID-19 at fifth wave were performed as exploratory analyses. RESULTS Our results showed that anxiety represented the most central node in the network, as indicated by its highest node strength and expected influence, followed by depression and quality of life. Three comparatively strong connections between COVID-19 and psychopathological variables were observed including: fear of contagion and PTSD-like symptoms, COVID-19 stressor burden and PTSD-like symptoms, and COVID-19 stressor burden and insomnia. Network comparison tests revealed significant network structural difference between participants with history of contracting COVID-19 and those without, but showed no significant difference between genders as well as between CMD and SMD patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the pivotal role of anxiety in psychopathology network of psychiatric patients amidst COVID-19. Pandemic-related variables are critically associated with trauma/stress and insomnia symptoms. Future research is required to elucidate potential network structural changes between pandemic and post-COVID periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Shi Cheng Fung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Joe Kwun Nam Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Eileena Mo Ching Chui
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hospital Authority, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Corine Sau Man Wong
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Ryan Sai Ting Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yuen Kiu So
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Jacob Man Tik Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Albert Kar Kin Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Krystal Chi Kei Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Heidi Ka Ying Lo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Calvin Pak Wing Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Wing Law
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hospital Authority, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wai Chi Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Chung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tripoli G, Lo Duca S, Ferraro L, Zahid U, Mineo R, Seminerio F, Bruno A, Di Giorgio V, Maniaci G, Marrazzo G, Sartorio C, Scaglione A, La Barbera D, La Cascia C. Lifestyles and Quality of Life of People with Mental Illness During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Community Ment Health J 2024; 60:37-46. [PMID: 36781688 PMCID: PMC9925225 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-023-01095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the quality of life (QoL), daily lifestyle, and mental health of people suffering from a mental disorder. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the prolongation of the COVID-19 emergency on QoL and lifestyles in a sample of 100 outpatients at the Psychiatry Unit in Palermo University Hospital, Italy. QoL was measured through the 12-item Short Form Survey and the COV19-Impact on Quality of Life. Lifestyle changes during the pandemic were measured through the lifestyle change questionnaire. The majority of participants reported a great impact of COVID-19 on the QoL, and almost half reported worsened lifestyles. Worsened lifestyles were predictive of both poor mental and physical health related QoL. These results suggest that people with mental illness need interventions targeting lifestyles, and the mental health service in Italy should adjust to the ongoing pandemic, developing virtual treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giada Tripoli
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, SE5 8AF, London, UK.
| | - Sofia Lo Duca
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Ferraro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Uzma Zahid
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, SE5 8AF, London, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Warneford Ln, Headington, OX3 7JX, Oxford, UK
| | - Raffaella Mineo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Seminerio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bruno
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vanessa Di Giorgio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maniaci
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Marrazzo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Crocettarachele Sartorio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Scaglione
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele La Barbera
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina La Cascia
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
- Unit of Psychiatry, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fe Garcia-Rada M, Litman RE. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Serious Mental Illness (SMI) and Nonpsychiatric Control Subjects in Clinical Trials. INNOVATIONS IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 21:13-18. [PMID: 38495606 PMCID: PMC10941859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with serious mental illness (SMI), specifically relating to psychiatric morbidity, pandemic-induced stress, and ability to cope with pandemic-related precautionary measures, restrictions, and disruptions to daily life. Design A cross-sectional survey study of 277 clinical trial patients was conducted. This sample included nonpsychiatric controls (n=139) and patients with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), or schizophrenia (n=138) located at five clinical trial sites across the United States. A univariate analysis was performed to obtain general frequencies of the sample. Unpaired t-tests were used in comparing the groups on numerical variables, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to identify differences when comparing three or more categories. Results Patients with SMI were more likely to report wearing face masks, avoiding large gatherings, and endorsing the use of precautionary measures, despite receiving a COVID-19 vaccine (p<0.001). A total of 70.3 percent (n=97) of all patients with SMI reported experiencing at least one episode of symptom worsening, 48 percent reported experiencing suicidal ideation, and 66 percent reported a need for increased mental healthcare due to COVID-19-related distress. Patients with SMI reported higher levels of stress, compared to controls, with patients with MDD having the highest levels of stress (p<0.001). Conclusion These findings demonstrate an increased vulnerability to symptom worsening in patients with SMI during a pandemic and suggest the need to account for pandemic-induced psychological stress in clinical trial design, subject selection, and symptoms ratings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fe Garcia-Rada
- Ms. Fe Garcia-Rada and Dr. Litman are with CenExel CBH Health in Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Robert E. Litman
- Ms. Fe Garcia-Rada and Dr. Litman are with CenExel CBH Health in Gaithersburg, Maryland
- Dr. Litman is additionally with Georgetown University Medical School in Washington, DC
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dindar RE, Yıldızhan E, Tomruk NB. Symptom Exacerbations of Patients Attending a Community Mental Health Center During the COVID-19 Pandemic. TURK PSIKIYATRI DERGISI = TURKISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2024; 35:34-45. [PMID: 38556935 PMCID: PMC11003372 DOI: 10.5080/u27175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the clinical conditions of the patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) in a community mental health center (CMHC). METHOD Symptom exacerbations, emergency service admissions, drug dose increases, additional medication prescriptions, and psychiatric hospitalizations of patients with BD and SSD in the CMHC were evaluated retrospectively. The data from the 1-year prior, 6-months prior, 6-months after the onset and 1-year after the onset of the pandemic were compared. Hospital and CMHC medical records were used for outcomes. Personal and Social Performance (PSP) Scale was used to assess the level of functioning. RESULTS 107 patients with the diagnosis of BD and 121 patients with the diagnosis of SSD were recruited. In the BD group, there was increase in the frequency of symptom exacerbations (p=0.001) and additional medication prescriptions or increased dose (p=0.007), with decrease in emergency service admissions (p=0.039) during the pandemic. In the patients with SSD, the number of patients with exacerbation of symptoms (p=0.001) and with increased dose or additional medication prescriptions (p=0.004) were higher during the pandemic. There was no increase in the rate of hospitalized patients in the period of first 6 months and first one year. Symptom exacerbations were more frequent in the SSD group with Covid (+) in family (p=0.016). CONCLUSION The fact that the hospitalization rates remained the same despite an increase in the acute exacerbations provides info on the role of CMHCs and how mental health system functioned during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Remzi Erşah Dindar
- Psychiatrist, Bakırköy Mazhar Osman Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders, Department of Psychiatry
| | - Eren Yıldızhan
- Assoc. Prof., Bakırköy Mazhar Osman Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Bağcılar Community Mental Health Center, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Buket Tomruk
- Psychiatrist, Bakırköy Mazhar Osman Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders, Department of Psychiatry
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kang M, Yang Y, Kim H, Jung S, Jin HY, Choi KH. The mechanisms of nature-based therapy on depression, anxiety, stress, and life satisfaction: examining mindfulness in a two-wave mediation model. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1330207. [PMID: 38187408 PMCID: PMC10768844 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1330207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Nature-based therapy (NBT), which centers around engaging in activities within natural surroundings, has consistently demonstrated therapeutic benefits for mental health. While NBT highlights the potential of nature as a therapeutic resource for promoting mental health, there is limited knowledge regarding its underlying mechanisms. Methods Two hundred seventy-six Korean participants (204 women, mean age = 54.99 ± 23.25 years) participated in a 30-session gardening program held twice weekly for 15 weeks. Structural equation modeling with a two-wave autoregressive cross-lagged model was used to investigate the mediating effects of mindfulness. Results NBT significantly improved the mean scores of all psychological variables. The mediation model was partially confirmed, with mindfulness at post-intervention (T2) mediating the relationship between baseline (T1) depression and anxiety and post-intervention (T2) life satisfaction. However, no significant indirect effect was observed between the path from stress (T1) to life satisfaction (T2). Conclusion Mindfulness is a crucial component for improving mental health outcomes. This study underscores the need to prioritize and emphasize mindfulness practices in NBT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Kang
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeji Yang
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Kim
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Songhie Jung
- Gardens and Education Research Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Young Jin
- Gardens and Education Research Division, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Hong Choi
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wickens CM, Popal V, Fecteau V, Amoroso C, Stoduto G, Rodak T, Li LY, Hartford A, Wells S, Elton-Marshall T, Hamilton HA, Taylor GW, Kupferschmidt KL, Agic B. The mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic among individuals with depressive, anxiety, and stressor-related disorders: A scoping review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295496. [PMID: 38096173 PMCID: PMC10721054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A scoping review of studies published in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic focused on individuals with pre-existing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and specified stressor-related disorders, with the objective of mapping the research conducted. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA (1) direct study of individuals with pre-existing depressive, anxiety, and/or specified stressor-related (i.e., posttraumatic stress, acute stress) disorders/issues; (2) focus on mental health-related pandemic effects, and; (3) direct study of mental health symptoms related to depression, anxiety, or psychological distress. SOURCES OF EVIDENCE Database-specific subject headings and natural language keywords were searched in Medline, Embase, APA PsycInfo, and Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) up to March 3, 2021. Review of potentially relevant studies was conducted by two independent reviewers and proceeded in two stages: (1) title and abstract review, and; (2) full paper review. DATA CHARTING Study details (i.e., location, design and methodology, sample or population, outcome measures, and key findings) were extracted from included studies by one reviewer and confirmed by the Principal Investigator. RESULTS 66 relevant articles from 26 countries were identified. Most studies adopted a cross-sectional design and were conducted via online survey. About half relied on general population samples, with the remainder assessing special populations, primarily mental health patients. The most commonly reported pre-existing category of disorders or symptoms was depression, followed closely by anxiety. Most studies included depressive and anxiety symptoms as outcome measures and demonstrated increased vulnerability to mental health symptoms among individuals with a pre-existing mental health issue. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that improved mental health supports are needed during the pandemic and point to future research needs, including reviews of other diagnostic categories and reviews of research published in subsequent years of the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Wickens
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Veda Popal
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Humber College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Venesa Fecteau
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Humber College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Courtney Amoroso
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Humber College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gina Stoduto
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Terri Rodak
- Department of Education, CAMH Library, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lily Y. Li
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Hartford
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samantha Wells
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tara Elton-Marshall
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Hayley A. Hamilton
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Graham W. Taylor
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canada CIFAR AI Chair, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristina L. Kupferschmidt
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Branka Agic
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jelić I, Mihajlović G, Ratinac M, Mihajlović K, Mijailović S, Čekerevac I. Psychophysical and Social Functioning of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease and Depression. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:2841-2852. [PMID: 38131895 PMCID: PMC10743096 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13120196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between depression and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not fully understood. The comorbidity rate ranges from 18 to 84%, and depression is closely related to chronic inflammation, which affects how patients and the people around them perceive their condition. This study aims to examine the relationship between the psychophysical and social functioning of COPD patients who have been diagnosed with depression and the therapeutic benefits of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). This prospective study enrolled primary care patients diagnosed with COPD and depression. The entire period of this research was 3 years. The research was conducted at the Primary Health Center, Kragujevac, Serbia, in 87 patients for 8 weeks. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D) and Questionnaire for Quality of Life and Life Satisfaction Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) were used for psychiatric assessment. A positive correlation was found between the psychophysical and social functioning of the participants after 8 weeks of treatment with SSRIs. Based on the value of the phi correlation coefficient (phi = 0.5) obtained using the χ2 test, a large influence was observed in terms of life satisfaction and physical health (p < 0.05). In terms of physical functioning by gender, based on the value of the Pearson's coefficient (r) obtained with the χ2 test, it was shown that physical functioning was superior in the female respondents (p < 0.05). Treatment was found to improve depression in COPD after 8 weeks of therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Jelić
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Goran Mihajlović
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
- Clinic of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Miloš Ratinac
- Clinic of Pulmonology, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.R.); (I.Č.)
| | - Katarina Mihajlović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Sara Mijailović
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Ivan Čekerevac
- Clinic of Pulmonology, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.R.); (I.Č.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Šagud M, Janović MB, Ćusa ZV, Jakšić N, Krakan LB, Begić D, Grubišin J, Janović Š, Jevtović S, Kosanović Rajačić B, Mamić G, Mikulić SK, Marčinko D, Peleš AM, Lisak MŠ, Štimac Z, Živković M, Ćusa BV, Wang W. Depression and stress levels in patients with different psychiatric disorders during concurrent early-phase COVID-19 pandemic and earthquake in Croatia. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:798. [PMID: 37915030 PMCID: PMC10621232 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05302-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While Croatia shared COVID-19 pandemic with other countries, its capital area was also hit by a 5.6 magnitude earthquake. The simultaneous impact of these two disasters on psychiatric patients is largely unknown, and we addressed those knowledge gaps. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted during the pandemic's first peak, in the aftermath of earthquake, by telephonic survey. Measurements included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Perceived Stress Scale and the semi-structured interview to evaluate the impact of pandemic stress and earthquake. Overall 396 patients with depression and/or anxiety disorders (DAD), 229 participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and 205 healthy controls were enrolled. RESULTS Both patient groups had higher depression and stress levels than controls, independent of sex, age and the presence of somatic comorbidity. After controlling for the same covariates, patient groups had higher COVID-19- and earthquake-related fears than controls. In patients with DAD, both fears were greater than among SSD patients. When comparing the two fears, the fear from earthquake was higher in DAD and control groups, whereas in SSD patients there was no such difference. CONCLUSIONS Patients with DAD were the most vulnerable group during disasters, while earthquake seems to be associated with more fear than the pandemics, at least in DAD patients and healthy individuals. Future longitudinal studies should determine if early psychological support might alleviate stress levels after disasters and prevent further worsening of mental health, particularly among DAD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Šagud
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Bajs Janović
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Nenad Jakšić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Lucija Bagarić Krakan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dražen Begić
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasmina Grubišin
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Špiro Janović
- University Centre Varaždin, University North, Varaždin, Croatia
| | - Saša Jevtović
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Biljana Kosanović Rajačić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Suzan Kudlek Mikulić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darko Marčinko
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alma Mihaljević Peleš
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Šeparović Lisak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Štimac
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Živković
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bjanka Vuksan Ćusa
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fico G, Oliva V, De Prisco M, Fortea L, Fortea A, Giménez-Palomo A, Anmella G, Hidalgo-Mazzei D, Vazquez M, Gomez-Ramiro M, Carreras B, Murru A, Radua J, Mortier P, Vilagut G, Amigo F, Ferrer M, García-Mieres H, Vieta E, Alonso J. Anxiety and depression played a central role in the COVID-19 mental distress: A network analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 338:384-392. [PMID: 37336249 PMCID: PMC10276655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psychological, socio-demographics, and clinical factors play an important role in patients with COVID-19, but their relationship is complex. The network approach might be used to disentangle complex interactions in different systems. Using data from a multicentre, cross-sectional, survey among patients with COVID-19 in Spain (July-November 2020), we investigated the network structure of mental disorders symptoms, social support, and psychological resilience, and changes in network structures according to the presence of a pre-existing mental disorder or hospitalization for COVID-19. METHODS Subjects completed a survey to evaluate sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 infection status, resilience, social support, and symptoms of depression, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, panic attacks, and substance use disorder. 2084 patients with COVID-19 were included in the analysis. Network analysis was conducted to evaluate network and bridge centrality, and the network properties were compared between COVID-19 patients with and without a history of lifetime mental disorder, and between hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients. LIMITATIONS Generalization of our findings may be difficult since differences in network connectivity may exist in different populations or samples. RESULTS Anxiety and depression showed high centrality in patients with COVID-19 and anxiety showed the highest bridge influence in the network. Resilience and social support showed a low influence on mental disorder symptoms. Global network estimations show no statistically significant changes between patients with and without pre-existing mental disorders or between hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients. CONCLUSIONS Anxiety might be a key treatment target in patients with COVID-19 since its treatment might prevent other mental health adverse outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Fico
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), p. de la Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Oliva
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele De Prisco
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Lydia Fortea
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Fortea
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Giménez-Palomo
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerard Anmella
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), p. de la Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), p. de la Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Vazquez
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Gomez-Ramiro
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS, Translational Neuroscience Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IISGS), Vigo, Spain
| | - Bernat Carreras
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Murru
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), p. de la Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquim Radua
- CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-Detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philippe Mortier
- Health Services Research Unit, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Gemma Vilagut
- Health Services Research Unit, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Franco Amigo
- Health Services Research Unit, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Montse Ferrer
- Health Services Research Unit, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Dept. Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena García-Mieres
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Dept. Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), p. de la Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jordi Alonso
- Health Services Research Unit, IMIM-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Dept. Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hartnett Y, Alshurafa K, McAndrew J, Daly D, Alsaffar M, Cotter D, Cannon M, MacHale S, Murphy KC, Barry H. One year of psychiatric presentations to a hospital emergency department during COVID-19. Ir J Psychol Med 2023; 40:411-417. [PMID: 35285434 DOI: 10.1017/ipm.2022.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the impact of the first full year of the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated restrictions on the volume and nature of psychiatric presentations to an emergency department (ED) in a large academic hospital. METHODS Anonymised clinical data on psychiatric presentations to the ED were collected for the 52-week period from the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and compared with corresponding 1 year periods in 2019 and 2018. RESULTS There was a significant increase in psychiatric presentations overall to the ED during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to previous years, in contrast to a reduction in total presentations for all other specialties. There was a marked increase in psychiatric presentations of those below 18 years, and in the 30-39 years and 40-49 years age groups, but a decrease in the 18-29 years group. There was a significant increase in anxiety disorder presentations but a decrease in alcohol related presentations. There was no significant change observed in the rates of presentations for self-harm or suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS Psychiatric presentations to the ED have increased during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in contrast to a decrease in presentations for other medical specialties, with this increase being driven by out-of-hours presentations. The fourfold increase in presentations of young people below the age of 18 years to the ED with mental health difficulties is an important finding and suggests a disproportionate burden of psychological strain placed on this group during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Hartnett
- Department of Psychiatry, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | | | - Joseph McAndrew
- Department of Psychiatry, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Darren Daly
- Department of Psychiatry, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | | | - David Cotter
- Department of Psychiatry, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry, Education and Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Cannon
- Department of Psychiatry, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry, Education and Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Siobhan MacHale
- Department of Psychiatry, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry, Education and Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kieran C Murphy
- Department of Psychiatry, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry, Education and Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen Barry
- Department of Psychiatry, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry, Education and Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fung VSC, Chan JMT, Chui EMC, Wong CSM, Chan JKN, Chu RST, So YK, Chung AKK, Lee KCK, Cheng CPW, Law CW, Chan WC, Chang WC. Prevalence and correlates of subjective cognitive impairment in Chinese psychiatric patients during the fifth wave of COVID-19 in Hong Kong. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1216768. [PMID: 37663610 PMCID: PMC10469870 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1216768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The extent of cognitive impairment and its association with psychological distress among people with pre-existing mental illness during COVID-19 is understudied. This study aimed to investigate prevalence and correlates of subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) in Chinese psychiatric patients during fifth-wave of COVID-19 in Hong Kong (HK). Methods Four-hundred-eight psychiatric outpatients aged 18-64 years were assessed with questionnaires between 28 March and 8 April 2022, encompassing illness profile, psychopathological symptoms, coping-styles, resilience, and COVID-19 related factors. Participants were categorized into moderate-to-severe and intact/mild cognitive impairment (CI+ vs. CI-) groups based on severity of self-reported cognitive complaints. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine variables associated with CI+ status. Results One-hundred-ninety-nine participants (48.8%) experienced CI+. A multivariate model on psychopathological symptoms found that depressive and post-traumatic-stress-disorder (PTSD)-like symptoms were related to CI+, while a multivariate model on coping, resilience and COVID-19 related factors revealed that avoidant coping, low resilience and more stressors were associated with CI+. Final combined model demonstrated the best model performance and showed that more severe depressive and PTSD-like symptoms, and adoption of avoidant coping were significantly associated with CI+. Conclusion Almost half of the sample of psychiatric patients reported cognitive complaints during fifth-wave of COVID-19 in HK. Greater depressive and PTSD-like symptom severity, and maladaptive (avoidant) coping were found as correlates of SCI. COVID-19 related factors were not independently associated with SCI in psychiatric patients. Early detection with targeted psychological interventions may therefore reduce psychological distress, and hence self-perceived cognitive difficulties in this vulnerable population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Shi Cheng Fung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jacob Man Tik Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Corine Sau Man Wong
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joe Kwun Nam Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ryan Sai Ting Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuen Kiu So
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Albert Kar Kin Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Krystal Chi Kei Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Calvin Pak Wing Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Wing Law
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai Chi Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Chung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Seyedmirzaei H, Katebian S, Pourkand D, Cattarinussi G, Sambataro F, Brambilla P, Delvecchio G. Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on depression in patients with schizophrenia: A mini-review of the current evidence. J Affect Disord 2023; 332:143-149. [PMID: 37003432 PMCID: PMC10063456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the emergence of COVID-19, there have been concerns about the psychological effects of the pandemic on people's mental health around the world. People with psychotic disorders like schizophrenia (SCZ) may be more prone to develop mood disorders during the lockdowns due to their limited access to healthcare, reduced social support, and probable cognitive impairment. METHODS We conducted a systematic search on PubMed and Scopus to explore the effects of the pandemic on depressive symptoms in individuals with SCZ. A total of 12 studies were included. RESULTS Overall, studies suggested higher depression rates in patients with SCZ compared to healthy controls. Isolation due to the COVID-19 infection emerged as a risk factor for the development of depressive symptoms. However, results regarding the longitudinal changes of depression in SCZ patients during the lockdowns were inconsistent. LIMITATIONS The small sample sizes of studies, different depression scales and stages of the lockdowns, as well as the different government policies and restriction levels across the countries limit the conclusions of the present review. CONCLUSIONS Our review suggests an increased probability of depression in patients with SCZ during the pandemic. Identifying the risk factors for developing depression in this population helps find new, suitable approaches to address patients' needs and lower the adverse psychological effects of the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Homa Seyedmirzaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Katebian
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Donya Pourkand
- School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Giulia Cattarinussi
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Sambataro
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Delvecchio
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lavalle R, Condominas E, Haro JM, Giné-Vázquez I, Bailon R, Laporta E, Garcia E, Kontaxis S, Alacid GR, Lombardini F, Preti A, Peñarrubia-Maria MT, Coromina M, Arranz B, Vilella E, Rubio-Alacid E, Matcham F, Lamers F, Hotopf M, Penninx BWJH, Annas P, Narayan V, Simblett SK, Siddi S. The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Adults with Major Depressive Disorder from Catalonia: A Decentralized Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5161. [PMID: 36982069 PMCID: PMC10048808 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study analyzes the effects of each containment phase of the first COVID-19 wave on depression levels in a cohort of 121 adults with a history of major depressive disorder (MDD) from Catalonia recruited from 1 November 2019, to 16 October 2020. This analysis is part of the Remote Assessment of Disease and Relapse-MDD (RADAR-MDD) study. Depression was evaluated with the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8), and anxiety was evaluated with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Depression's levels were explored across the phases (pre-lockdown, lockdown, and four post-lockdown phases) according to the restrictions of Spanish/Catalan governments. Then, a mixed model was fitted to estimate how depression varied over the phases. A significant rise in depression severity was found during the lockdown and phase 0 (early post-lockdown), compared with the pre-lockdown. Those with low pre-lockdown depression experienced an increase in depression severity during the "new normality", while those with high pre-lockdown depression decreased compared with the pre-lockdown. These findings suggest that COVID-19 restrictions affected the depression level depending on their pre-lockdown depression severity. Individuals with low levels of depression are more reactive to external stimuli than those with more severe depression, so the lockdown may have worse detrimental effects on them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Lavalle
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Condominas
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iago Giné-Vázquez
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Bailon
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Estela Laporta
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Garcia
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Microelectrónica y Sistemas Electrónicos, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Spyridon Kontaxis
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Riquelme Alacid
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federica Lombardini
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Preti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Peñarrubia-Maria
- Health Technology Assessment in Primary Care and Mental Health (PRISMA) Research Group, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, 08830 St Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Regió Metropolitana Sud, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Coromina
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Arranz
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisabet Vilella
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, 43206 Reus, Spain
- Neuriociències i Salut Mental, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili-CERCA, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Reus, Spain
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Elena Rubio-Alacid
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Faith Matcham
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, East Sussex BN1 9QH, UK
| | - Femke Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health Program, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health Program, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Vaibhav Narayan
- Research and Development Information Technology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ 08560, USA
| | - Sara K. Simblett
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Sara Siddi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen S, Sun X, Zhu Q, Zhao Y, Tang J, Song H. Factors Influencing the Level of Depression and Anxiety of Community-Dwelling Patients with Schizophrenia in China during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4376. [PMID: 36901386 PMCID: PMC10001627 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a huge challenge to global public health. People with schizophrenia living in communities urgently need effective interventions to help them adjust to life and work, but they have not received enough attention. This study aims to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia in China during the epidemic and to explore the possible influencing factors. METHODS Using a cross-sectional survey, we collected 15,165 questionnaires. Assessments included demographic information, concern about COVID-19-related information, sleep status, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and accompanying illnesses. The 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to evaluate depression and anxiety levels. Group comparison was conducted by t-test, ANOVA, or chi-square test wherever suitable, with Bonferroni pairwise correction. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify predictors for anxiety and depression. RESULTS 16.9% of patients had at least moderate anxiety, and 34.9% had at least moderate depression. T-test showed that females scored higher on GAD-7 and PHQ-9 than males, and patients without accompanying long-standing diseases, who were not concerned about COVID-19, had lower GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores. ANOVA showed that participants aged from 30 to 39, with higher education scored higher on GAD-7, and patients with better sleep, and having less concern about COVID-19, had lower GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores. Regression analysis indicated that participant ages of 30-39 and 40-49 positively predicted anxiety, whereas patient ages of 30-39 years positively predicted depression. Patients with poor sleep, accompanying diseases, and concern about the COVID-19 pandemic were more likely to experience anxiety and depression. CONCLUSION During the pandemic, Chinese community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia had high rates of anxiety and depression. These patients deserve clinical attention and psychological intervention, especially those with risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiaohua Sun
- Affiliated Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Seventh People′s Hospital, The 4th Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Qisha Zhu
- Affiliated Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Seventh People′s Hospital, The 4th Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Affiliated Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Seventh People′s Hospital, The 4th Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jinsong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Haidong Song
- Affiliated Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Seventh People′s Hospital, The 4th Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li L, Taeihagh A, Tan SY. A scoping review of the impacts of COVID-19 physical distancing measures on vulnerable population groups. Nat Commun 2023; 14:599. [PMID: 36737447 PMCID: PMC9897623 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Most governments have enacted physical or social distancing measures to control COVID-19 transmission. Yet little is known about the socio-economic trade-offs of these measures, especially for vulnerable populations, who are exposed to increased risks and are susceptible to adverse health outcomes. To examine the impacts of physical distancing measures on the most vulnerable in society, this scoping review screened 39,816 records and synthesised results from 265 studies worldwide documenting the negative impacts of physical distancing on older people, children/students, low-income populations, migrant workers, people in prison, people with disabilities, sex workers, victims of domestic violence, refugees, ethnic minorities, and people from sexual and gender minorities. We show that prolonged loneliness, mental distress, unemployment, income loss, food insecurity, widened inequality and disruption of access to social support and health services were unintended consequences of physical distancing that impacted these vulnerable groups and highlight that physical distancing measures exacerbated the vulnerabilities of different vulnerable populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Li
- Policy Systems Group, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Araz Taeihagh
- Policy Systems Group, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Si Ying Tan
- Alexandra Research Centre for Healthcare in The Virtual Environment (ARCHIVE), Department of Healthcare Redesign, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cheng X, Huang X, Wu X, Lin S. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle and mental state in patients with schizophrenia: A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32830. [PMID: 36749244 PMCID: PMC9901953 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The corona virus disease 2019 pandemic's movement restrictions have an effect on people's lifestyles and mental health, and the most susceptible, such as persons with schizophrenia, are more subject to external influences. To analyze the lifestyle, anxiety, depression and stress status of inpatients with schizophrenia during corona virus disease 2019. A total of 205 patients with stable schizophrenia who were hospitalized during the epidemic period were selected. The general epidemiological information was recorded, and the depression screening scale (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7, and the perceived stress scale were used to determine the mental status and stress level of the included patients. Restricted physical activity and perceptual bias might result in decreased food intake, higher body mass index, and increased psychotropic medicine dosages. According to Pearson correlation analysis, stress perception was positively connected with anxiety and depression scores. The anxiety score was positively associated with the depression score, indicating that stress influenced the patient's emotional alterations. During the pandemic, the lifestyle and psychological load of people with schizophrenia may be impacted. Medical personnel should be alert to changes in anxiety, depression, and stress in patients with schizophrenia and take appropriate action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Cheng
- Department of Nursing, Quanzhou Third Hospital, Fujian, Quanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Hainan Province Anning Hospital, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xinghu Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Hainan Province Anning Hospital, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Sulan Lin
- Department of Nursing, Quanzhou Third Hospital, Fujian, Quanzhou, China
- * Correspondence: Sulan Lin, Department of Nursing, Quanzhou Third Hospital, Fujian, Quanzhou 510120, China (e-mail:)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Danilevska N, Kurylo V, Tkachenko O, Podsevakhina S, Chabanna O. Inducing situations and pathogenetic chains of health deterioration in combatants in the context of COVID-19 and quarantine. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
<b>Introduction: </b>The purpose of the study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic and the ensuing health problems associated with quarantine.<br />
<b>Methods: </b>All combatants who were hospitalized during the first and most severe quarantine restrictions in Ukraine (from 12 March 2020 to 22 May 2020) were surveyed. Through clinical, anamnestic, psychopathological, and psychodiagnostic examination, including psychoanalysis and the fear of COVID-19 scale, the authors identified combatants’ health disorders and their association with pandemic and quarantine-related experiences.<br />
<b>Results: </b>The authors found that the following situations could provoke deterioration in the health of combatants due to fear: contact with a patient with COVID-19, planned posting to the hotbed of COVID-19, military service in the area of high risk of contact with patients with COVID-19, receiving information about COVID-19, receiving false information about COVID-19, disruption of critical infrastructure due to quarantine measures.the authorshave provided an algorithm by which these traumatic situations provoke the development of health disorders. In particular, they cause fear of social and work stigmatization due to infection with SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), fear of suffering or death during COVID-19, ear that family members will become infected, erroneous conclusions about someone deliberately exaggerating the dangers of COVID-19, feeling of injustice and incorrectness of the quarantine measures, household discomfort and organizational stress. These experiences change the subjective picture of the future of combatants, and this provokes the development or exacerbation of pre-existing mental and somatic disorders. The impact of information on COVID-19 on combatant health disorders was investigated.<br />
<b>Conclusions: </b>The authors believe that this knowledge will help to develop special psychoprophylactic approaches that would prevent the development of mental and somatic disorders due to the COVID-19 pandemic and improve the quality of quarantine measures. It will also allow measures to be taken to prevent a reduction in the army’s combat effectiveness through a pandemic and quarantine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Danilevska
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, General and Medical Psychology, Narcology and Sexology, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Zaporizhzhia, UKRAINE
| | - Vitalii Kurylo
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, General and Medical Psychology, Narcology and Sexology, Zaporizhzhia State Medical University, Zaporizhzhia, UKRAINE
| | - Olha Tkachenko
- Department of Therapy and Endocrinology, Zaporizhzhia Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Zaporizhzhia, UKRAINE
| | - Svitlana Podsevakhina
- Department of Therapy and Endocrinology, Zaporizhzhia Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Zaporizhzhia, UKRAINE
| | - Olena Chabanna
- Department of Therapy and Endocrinology, Zaporizhzhia Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Zaporizhzhia, UKRAINE
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Haider B, O’Sullivan AK, Bessonova L, Keane E, Achtyes E, Harvey PD, Kane JM, Saklad SR, Trotter JP, Claxton A, Polak T, McGrory J, Noori W, Sikora Kessler A, Yarlas A, Velligan D. Changes in Clinical Management of Patients with Schizophrenia Treated with Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics (LAIs), Including Telepsychiatry Use, During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:623-634. [PMID: 36959874 PMCID: PMC10029934 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s394220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic substantially impacted care of patients with schizophrenia treated with long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs). This study (OASIS-MAPS) examined how clinical sites adapted operations and used telepsychiatry to maintain standard of care for these patients during the pandemic. Methods Two online surveys (initial: October-November 2020, N = 35; follow-up: July-September 2021, N = 21) were completed by a principal investigator (PI) or PI-appointed designee at sites participating in the OASIS study (NCT03919994). Survey responses were analyzed descriptively. Results At the time of the initial survey, all 35 participating sites were using variants of telepsychiatry, with 20 sites adopting it after the pandemic started. Most sites reported no negative impacts of the pandemic on medication adherence, although approximately 20% of sites reported decreased adherence for LAIs. Twelve sites (34%) reported switching patients with schizophrenia from LAIs to oral antipsychotic medications, while 11 sites (31%) reported switching patients from shorter to longer injection interval LAIs during the pandemic. Most sites did not experience difficulties in implementing or expanding telepsychiatry services, although lower reimbursement rate for telepsychiatry and patients' lack of access to and training on relevant technologies were the most frequently reported barriers. Conclusion Changes made by sites after the pandemic onset were viewed by almost all participants as satisfactory for maintaining standard of care. Almost all participants thought that the use of telepsychiatry services would continue after the pandemic in a hybrid manner combining telepsychiatry and office visits. Ensuring that patients have equitable access to telepsychiatry will be important in the post-pandemic future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Batool Haider
- Alkermes, Inc, Waltham, MA, USA
- Correspondence: Batool Haider, Alkermes, Inc, 852 Winter Street, Waltham, MA, 02451-1420, USA, Tel +1 781 609 6035, Email
| | | | | | | | - Eric Achtyes
- Cherry Health and the Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Philip D Harvey
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - John M Kane
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
| | - Stephen R Saklad
- College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Pharmacotherapy Division, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aaron Yarlas
- QualityMetric Incorporated, LLC, Johnston, RI, USA
| | - Dawn Velligan
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sevillano-Jiménez A, Romero-Saldaña M, García-Rodríguez M, Molina-Luque R, Molina-Recio G. Nutritional Impact and Eating Pattern Changes in Schizophrenic Spectrum Disorders after Health Education Program on Symbiotic Dietary Modulation Offered by Specialised Psychiatric Nursing-Two-Arm Randomised Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:5388. [PMID: 36558548 PMCID: PMC9783158 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The traditional therapeutic approach has perceived the role of nutrition as a minor intervention in psychiatry. The microbiota−gut−brain axis theory evidences the influence of dietary and nutritional patterns on mental health. Aims: To evidence the impact of dietary advice on increasing symbiotic intake on nutritional status and dietary habits in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Methods: Randomised clinical trial (two-arm, double-blind, balanced-block, six-month intervention) in 50 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The control group received conventional dietary advice on an individual basis. A personal nutritional education programme was established in the intervention group (IG) to increase prebiotic and probiotic intake through dietary advice (dairy and fermented foods, green leafy vegetables, high-fibre fruit, whole grains, etc.). Data on nutritional status and dietary habits were collected (baseline and six months). The degree of dietary adherence to the recommended patterns was recorded weekly. Anthropometric parameters were also analysed monthly. Results: Finally, 44 subjects completed the follow-up. All participants exceeded the dietary reference intakes. The overall and intra-group analysis showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction in macro and micronutrient intakes with a closer approximation to the recommended dietary intakes, except for polyunsaturated fatty acids, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides and dietary fibre. After six months of intervention, statistical differences (p < 0.001) were found in all variables of the anthropometric profile in the IG, as well as an increase in the consumption of foods with a high symbiotic content (at baseline and six months). Likewise, a reduction in eggs, meat, fish, sugars and ultra-processed foods was evident, leading to significant intra-group differences (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Implementing conventional nutritional education strategies and specific nutritional advice with a symbiotic effect improves the dietary-nutritional profile in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Furthermore, it highlights the nutritional impact on mental health, stating itself as adjuvant therapy for physical health and lifestyle improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Sevillano-Jiménez
- Córdoba-South Community Mental Health Unit, Mental Health Clinical Management Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, C/Huelva s/n, 14013 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Manuel Romero-Saldaña
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Cordoba, Avd Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Lifestyles, Innovation and Health (GA-16), Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Avd Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - María García-Rodríguez
- Department of Nursing and Nutrition, Biomedicine Sciences and Health Faculty, European University of Madrid, C/Tajo s/n, Villaviciosa de Odon, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Molina-Luque
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Cordoba, Avd Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Lifestyles, Innovation and Health (GA-16), Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Avd Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Guillermo Molina-Recio
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Cordoba, Avd Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Lifestyles, Innovation and Health (GA-16), Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Avd Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sevillano-Jiménez A, Romero-Saldaña M, García-Mellado JA, Carrascal-Laso L, García-Rodríguez M, Molina-Luque R, Molina-Recio G. Impact of high prebiotic and probiotic dietary education in the SARS-CoV-2 era: improved cardio-metabolic profile in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:781. [PMID: 36510155 PMCID: PMC9743108 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04426-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of new aetiological premises, such as the microbiota-gut-brain axis theory, evidences the influence of dietary and nutritional patterns on mental health, affecting the patient's quality of life in terms of physical and cardiovascular health. The aim was to determine the impact of a nutritional programme focused on increasing the intake of prebiotic and probiotic food on cardio-metabolic status in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in the contextual setting of the SARS-CoV-2 era. METHODS A randomised clinical trial (two-arm, double-blind, balanced-block, six-month intervention) was conducted in a group of 50 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorder during the SARS-CoV-2 confinement period. The control group received conventional dietary counselling on an individual basis. In the intervention group, an individual nutritional education programme with a high content of prebiotics and probiotics (dairy and fermented foods, green leafy vegetables, high-fibre fruit, whole grains, etc.) was established. Data on cardiovascular status were collected at baseline, three and six months. In addition, anthropometric parameters were analysed monthly. RESULTS Forty-four subjects completed follow-up and were analysed. Statistical differences (p < 0.05) were found in all anthropometric variables at baseline and six months of intervention. A 27.4% reduction in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome risk factors in all its components was evidenced, leading to a clinically significant improvement (decrease in cardiovascular risk) in the intervention group at six months. CONCLUSIONS The development of a nutritional programme focused on increasing the dietary content of prebiotics and probiotics effectively improves the cardio-metabolic profile in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Therefore, nursing assumes an essential role in the effectiveness of dietary interventions through nutritional education and the promotion of healthy lifestyles. Likewise, nursing acquires a relevant role in interdisciplinary coordination in confinement contexts. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study protocol complied with the Declaration of Helsinki for medical studies; the study received ethical approval from referral Research Ethics Committee in November 2019 (reg. no. 468) and retrospectively registered in clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04366401. First Submitted: 28th April 2020; First Registration: 25th June 2020).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Sevillano-Jiménez
- grid.411349.a0000 0004 1771 4667Montilla Community Mental Health Unit. Mental Health Clinical Management Unit. Reina Sofia University Hospital. Avda. Andalucía, nº11, 14550 Montilla (Córdoba), Spain
| | - Manuel Romero-Saldaña
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Cordoba. Lifestyles, Innovation and Health (GA-16). Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Avd Menéndez Pidal S/N, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Juan Antonio García-Mellado
- Psychiatry Service, Zamora Provincial Hospital. Zamora Welfare Complex, C/Hernán Cortés, nº 40, 49021 Zamora, Spain
| | - Lorena Carrascal-Laso
- Psychiatry Service, Zamora Provincial Hospital. Zamora Welfare Complex, C/Hernán Cortés, nº 40, 49021 Zamora, Spain
| | - María García-Rodríguez
- Department of Nursing and Nutrition, Biomedicine Sciences and Health Faculty, European University. C/Tajo S/N, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón (Madrid), Spain ,grid.428865.50000 0004 0445 6160Lifestyles, Innovation and Health (GA-16), Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Avd Menéndez Pidal S/N, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Molina-Luque
- grid.428865.50000 0004 0445 6160Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Cordoba. Lifestyles, Innovation and Health (GA-16). Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Avd Menéndez Pidal S/N, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Guillermo Molina-Recio
- grid.428865.50000 0004 0445 6160Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, University of Cordoba. Lifestyles, Innovation and Health (GA-16). Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Avd Menéndez Pidal S/N, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dalkner N, Fleischmann E, Fellendorf FT, Wagner-Skacel J, Schönthaler EMD, Bengesser S, Häussl A, Tietz S, Tmava-Berisha A, Lenger M, Reininghaus EZ. COVID-19 vaccination motivation and underlying believing processes: A comparison study between individuals with affective disorder and healthy controls. Front Psychol 2022; 13:935278. [PMID: 36562048 PMCID: PMC9765308 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.935278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Believing processes represent fundamental brain functions between cognition and emotion. Shortly before the introduction of a compulsory vaccination against COVID-19 in Austria, motives and underlying believing processes regarding the vaccination were collected in individuals with affective disorder (AD) and healthy controls (HC). Methods 79 individuals with AD and 173 HC were surveyed online to assess believing processes with the parameters of the credition model (narratives, certainty, emotion, mightiness) about (1) the coronavirus itself and (2) why someone is vaccinated or not. In addition, we calculated congruence scores between content of narrative and type of emotion and divided the narrative content into positive, negative, and indifferent. Results There were no differences in vaccination status between AD and HC. Higher levels of certainty were observed in HC compared to AD in both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. The effects were higher when asked about the motivation to vaccinate or not than about the coronavirus itself. In HC, more positive emotions and more congruence between emotions and narratives were reported during believing in their vaccination motives. No group differences were found in mightiness for both items. Independently from diagnosis, unvaccinated people had high levels of certainty and more negative emotions and narratives while believing in their motives for not getting vaccinated. Conclusion When believing about the COVID-19 vaccination, individuals with AD were more uncertain and experienced fewer positive emotions than HC, although both groups did not differ in vaccination status. These effects were not that strong when believing about the coronavirus in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Dalkner
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria,*Correspondence: Nina Dalkner,
| | - Eva Fleischmann
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Frederike T. Fellendorf
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jolana Wagner-Skacel
- Clinical Department of Medical Psychology, Psychosomatic, and Psychotherapy, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elena M. D. Schönthaler
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Susanne Bengesser
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alfred Häussl
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sophie Tietz
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Adelina Tmava-Berisha
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Melanie Lenger
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Eva Z. Reininghaus
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Trends in psychiatric diagnoses by COVID-19 infection and hospitalization among patients with and without recent clinical psychiatric diagnoses in New York city from March 2020 to August 2021. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:492. [PMID: 36414624 PMCID: PMC9681844 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02255-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining emerging trends of clinical psychiatric diagnoses among patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus is important to understand post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection or long COVID. However, published reports accounting for pre-COVID psychiatric diagnoses have usually relied on self-report rather than clinical diagnoses. Using electronic health records (EHRs) among 2,358,318 patients from the New York City (NYC) metropolitan region, this time series study examined changes in clinical psychiatric diagnoses between March 2020 and August 2021 with month as the unit of analysis. We compared trends in patients with and without recent pre-COVID clinical psychiatric diagnoses noted in the EHRs up to 3 years before the first COVID-19 test. Patients with recent clinical psychiatric diagnoses, as compared to those without, had more subsequent anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and psychosis throughout the study period. Substance use disorders were greater between March and August 2020 among patients without any recent clinical psychiatric diagnoses than those with. COVID-19 positive patients (both hospitalized and non-hospitalized) had greater post-COVID psychiatric diagnoses than COVID-19 negative patients. Among patients with recent clinical psychiatric diagnoses, psychiatric diagnoses have decreased since January 2021, regardless of COVID-19 infection/hospitalization. However, among patients without recent clinical psychiatric diagnoses, new anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and psychosis diagnoses increased between February and August 2021 among all patients (COVID-19 positive and negative). The greatest increases were anxiety disorders (378.7%) and mood disorders (269.0%) among COVID-19 positive non-hospitalized patients. New clinical psychosis diagnoses increased by 242.5% among COVID-19 negative patients. This study is the first to delineate the impact of COVID-19 on different clinical psychiatric diagnoses by pre-COVID psychiatric diagnoses and COVID-19 infections and hospitalizations across NYC, one of the hardest-hit US cities in the early pandemic. Our findings suggest the need for tailoring treatment and policies to meet the needs of individuals with pre-COVID psychiatric diagnoses.
Collapse
|
24
|
Carmassi C, Tosato S, Bertelloni CA, Pedrinelli V, Cappelli A, Abbate-Daga G, Albert U, Castellini G, Luciano M, Menchetti M, Pompili M, Sampogna G, Signorelli MS, Massimetti G, Fiorillo A. PTSD trajectories across different mental disorders in the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy: a naturalistic, longitudinal, multicenter study. Int Rev Psychiatry 2022; 34:797-808. [PMID: 36546718 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2022.2145184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The potentially traumatic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in subjects with pre-existing mental disorders is still unclear, especially regarding its long-term consequences. The aim of this study was to prospectively assess post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in patients with mental disorders, during the 3rd wave of the infection (T0, March-April 2021) while strict containment measures were applied in Italy, and after 3 months (T1, June-July 2021), with reduced restrictive measures. A total sample of 527 subjects, with different DSM-5 diagnoses, was consecutively enrolled at nine Italian psychiatric outpatient services. Assessments at T0 included: the Trauma and Loss Spectrum-Self Report (TALS-SR), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS). These two latter were repeated at T1. Results showed that at T0, 43.6% of the sample reported symptoms of PTSD, with females (p = .004), younger subjects (p = .011), unemployed/students (p = .011), and living with their parental families (p = .017), resulting more affected. Differences in PTSD rates emerged across diagnostic groups ranging from 10% in patients with psychoses up to 59% in those with feeding and eating disorders. An improvement at T1 emerged in all diagnostic groups for the IES-R scores, while WSAS scores improved only in subjects with mood disorders. In conclusions, subjects with mental disorders presented relevant rates of PTSD and PTSS at 1-year into the pandemic. Further long-term studies are needed to follow-up the course of pandemic traumatic burden especially in patients with severe mental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Carmassi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sarah Tosato
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Virginia Pedrinelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Cappelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Abbate-Daga
- Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Albert
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste and Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina - ASUGI, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Mario Luciano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Menchetti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sense Organs, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Gaia Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Salvina Signorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriele Massimetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Garcia-Rada MF, Litman RE. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychiatric Patients at Clinical Trial Sites. INNOVATIONS IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 19:24-28. [PMID: 36591553 PMCID: PMC9776772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Recent research on the COVID-19 pandemic suggests that individuals who suffer from serious mental illness (SMI) are at heightened risk of infection and have increased mortality due to their illness and/or lack of access to healthcare. Consequently, progress in developing new treatments for SMIs has been disrupted, with many interruptions to clinical trials in psychiatry due to concerns regarding the pandemic and its risks to patients with SMI. Objective This study aimed to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with SMI, specifically relating to psychiatric morbidity, pandemic-induced stress, and ability to cope with pandemic-related precautionary measures, restrictions, and disruptions to daily life. Design A cross-sectional survey study of 94 clinical trial patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), or schizophrenia was conducted in three geographically distinct clinical trial sites between June and September 2020. Prevalence rates were calculated for sample characteristics and demographics, and low versus high stress groups were compared on survey variables using Pearson's Chi-squared test of independence. Results The results from the surveys indicated that COVID-19 knowledge, awareness, and the use of precautionary safety measures (e.g., handwashing, personal protective equipment [PPE], and social distancing) were robust and mirrored the general population. While the majority of patients reported experiencing moderate or extreme levels of distress (61.5%, n=56), high levels of stress were correlated with positive coping skills. Conclusion These findings suggest that clinical trial patients with SMI can safely participate in clinical trials despite the increase safety risks posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fe Garcia-Rada
- Ms. Garcia-Rada and Dr. Litman are with CenExel CBH Health in Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Robert E. Litman
- Ms. Garcia-Rada and Dr. Litman are with CenExel CBH Health in Gaithersburg, Maryland
- Dr. Litman is with Georgetown University Medical School in Washington, DC
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dell'Osso B, Viganò C, Conti D, Scarpa C, Casati L, Albert U, Carmassi C, Carrà G, Cirulli F, Nanni MG, Pompili M, Sampogna G, Sani G, Tortorella A, Volpe U, Fiorillo A. Insomnia and related factors in patients with pre-existing psychiatric disorders compared to the general population during the COVID-19 lockdown: Findings from the multicentric COMET study. Compr Psychiatry 2022; 118:152345. [PMID: 35988374 PMCID: PMC9364932 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has heavily impacted social, economic and health systems worldwide. Necessary confinement measures have, in turn, contributed to the occurrence of several stress-related conditions and deterioration of pre-existing mental conditions, including insomnia. OBJECTIVE The present study sought to investigate the occurrence and severity of insomnia during the COVID-19 lockdown among psychiatric patients and in the general population in the largest Italian sample examined to date. Potential factors associated with a risk of developing insomnia in the global sample were examined as well. METHODS A sample of 20,720 people (5.5% of them being psychiatric patients) was assessed through an online survey conducted during lockdown between March and May 2020. To investigate the occurrence and severity of sleep related issues, the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was used. In order to evaluate factors associated with the severity of insomnia in the global sample, multivariate linear regression models were performed. RESULTS During the lockdown, patients with pre-existing mental disorders reported a mean higher score on the ISI scale (p < 0.001) compared to the general population. According to the multivariate regression models, the first three weeks of lockdown were significantly associated with a higher risk of insomnia, but the risk disappeared in the fourth week. Other associated factors included: the presence of a pre-existing mental disorder, ages 24 to 64 years old, and/or being female (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although containment measures represent essential public health strategies to avoid the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, sleep was one of the aspects affected during the early stages of the lockdown in both people with pre-existing mental disorders and general population. As an integral part of COVID-19 intervention, it is useful to raise awareness about these issues and to adopt both preventive and therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Dell'Osso
- ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Italy; "Aldo Ravelli" Center for Nanotechnology and Neurostimulation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Caterina Viganò
- ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Conti
- ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Scarpa
- ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Casati
- ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Albert
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste and Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina - ASUGI, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudia Carmassi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrà
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Cirulli
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Nanni
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaia Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy,Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Volpe
- Clinical Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kølbæk P, Gil Y, Schmidt FCL, Speed M, Østergaard SD. Symptom severity and well-being of patients with mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic: a two-wave survey. Nord J Psychiatry 2022; 77:293-303. [PMID: 35834531 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2022.2099581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE ARTICLE To examine changes in symptom severity and well-being during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among individuals with pre-existing mental illness. MATERIALS AND METHODS In February 2021, we conducted a follow-up questionnaire-based survey among adults with mental illness, who responded to a similar survey on mental health in June 2020. The participants completed the 18-item Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), the five-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5), and 14 questions evaluating worsening or improvement in mental health using the pre-pandemic period as reference. The survey data were merged with sociodemographic and clinical data from the medical records of all invitees to the first survey, enabling analysis of attrition and weighting of the results. RESULTS A total of 613 of 992 (62%) invitees participated in the follow-up wave of the survey. The weighted mean WHO-5 and BSI-18 scores were 38 and 27, respectively, and did not differ statistically significantly from the first wave. Multivariate logistic regression showed that having a vocational education (skilled worker/craftsman) was positively associated with reporting deterioration in psychological well-being (OR: 2.95, 95%CI: 1.14-7.81), while being unemployed was negatively associated with reporting deterioration in psychological well-being (OR: 0.20, 95%CI: 0.07-0.56) from the first to the second survey wave. The most common reason for self-reported deterioration in mental health was loneliness (70%). CONCLUSIONS Approximately one year into the COVID-19 pandemic, the level of symptoms remained high, whereas the level of psychological well-being remained low among patients with mental illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Kølbæk
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Yael Gil
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Maria Speed
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Søren Dinesen Østergaard
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kølbæk P, Jefsen OH, Speed M, Østergaard SD. Mental health of patients with mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: a questionnaire-based survey weighted for attrition. Nord J Psychiatry 2022; 76:338-347. [PMID: 34533424 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2021.1970222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with pre-existing mental illness may be particularly vulnerable to the negative impact that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic seems to have on mental health. Accordingly, the objective of the present study was to assess whether patients with mental illness experienced deterioration in mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown of Denmark in the Spring of 2020. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey coupled with sociodemographic and clinical data from the medical records of all invitees. The latter enabled analysis of attrition and weighting of results. The online questionnaire included the 18-item Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), the five-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5), and 14 questions evaluating worsening or improvement in symptoms during lockdown using the pre-pandemic period as reference. RESULTS A total of 992 randomly drawn patients with mental illness from the psychiatric services of the Central Denmark Region responded to the questionnaire (response rate = 21.6%). The weighted mean WHO-5 and BSI-18 scores were 38 and 28, respectively. A total of 52% of the respondents reported that their mental health had deteriorated during the lockdown, while 33% reported no change, and 16% reported improvement. The most commonly reported reasons for deterioration were loneliness, disruption of routines, concerns regarding the coronavirus, less contact with family/friends, boredom, and reduced access to psychiatric care. CONCLUSION More than half of the patients reported worsening of their mental health during the pandemic lockdown. There should be an increased emphasis on ensuring both social and clinical support for individuals with mental illness during pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Kølbæk
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Oskar Hougaard Jefsen
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maria Speed
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Søren Dinesen Østergaard
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Urtaran-Laresgoiti M, González-Rábago Y, Martín U, Rivadeneyra-Sicilia A, Morteruel M. Health and health inequalities impact assessment for non-clinical measures to control COVID-19 in the Basque Country and Navarre (Spain). J Public Health Res 2022; 11:22799036221110020. [PMID: 35911433 PMCID: PMC9335482 DOI: 10.1177/22799036221110020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes the results of a health and health inequalities impact assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic control measures in the regions of the Basque Country and Navarre in Spain. A literature review was conducted on Pubmed and Web of Science (WoS) databases, in addition to individual semi-structured interviews and focus groups with experts, key informants and different profiles of citizens. A wide variety of social determinants of health have been affected by the measures, which included individual health-related behaviors, service disruption in formal care, educational settings, and health care provision. These changes have particularly affected certain population groups including children and adolescents, older people, those with health conditions and disabilities together with caregivers, women, as well as people with low levels of education, income, and resources. In future scenarios it will be necessary to pay attention to the potential impacts of policy responses on health inequalities to avoid an increase in existing health gaps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Urtaran-Laresgoiti
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Research Group Social Determinants of Health and Demographic Change-OPIK, Leioa, Spain
| | - Y González-Rábago
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Research Group Social Determinants of Health and Demographic Change-OPIK, Leioa, Spain
| | - U Martín
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.,Research Group Social Determinants of Health and Demographic Change-OPIK, Leioa, Spain
| | - A Rivadeneyra-Sicilia
- ISPED, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre U1219-, Bordeaux, France
| | - M Morteruel
- Research Group Social Determinants of Health and Demographic Change-OPIK, Leioa, Spain.,Department of Nursing I, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lockdown Due to COVID-19 and Its Consequences on Diet, Physical Activity, Lifestyle, and Other Aspects of Daily Life Worldwide: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116832. [PMID: 35682411 PMCID: PMC9180681 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus, termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is responsible for the disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Besides the important rates of mortality and morbidity directly attributed to the infection itself, many studies detected an important shift towards mostly unhealthy lifestyle patterns in previously healthy non-infected populations all around the world. Although most of the changes in lifestyle had or will have a negative impact on general population health status, some findings are encouraging. Notwithstanding that there was an obvious necessity for governments to apply national lockdowns, it is also necessary to identify and comprehend the consequences they have caused. A narrative literature review was performed, based on scientific articles and previous reviews. An accurate description of changes in eating habits and alcohol consumption, physical activity, mental health, daily routines, economic impacts, and broader effects on society is provided for each continent and different age groups through this review. The volume of selected scientific surveys encompasses approximately 400,000 persons.
Collapse
|
31
|
Mork E, Aminoff SR, Barrett EA, Simonsen C, Hegelstad WTV, Lagerberg TV, Melle I, Romm KL. COVID-19 lockdown - who cares? The first lockdown from the perspective of relatives of people with severe mental illness. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1104. [PMID: 35655294 PMCID: PMC9162484 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13458-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Informal care is vital to many people with severe mental illness under normal circumstances. Little is known about how extraordinary circumstances affect relatives with a family member with mental illness. This study investigated the consequences of the first COVID-19 lockdown in Norway from the perspective of relatives of persons with psychotic- and/or bipolar disorders: What were the challenges and for whom? Method Relatives were invited to complete an online survey shortly after the first lockdown was initiated. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected concerning experiences of relatives’ own and their affected family members’ health and situation. Two hundred and seventy-nine relatives completed the survey, mostly mothers and partners. Results One-third of the relatives reported considerable deterioration in their family members’ mental health, and a substantial minority worried about severe self-harm or suicide. Main themes in the qualitative analyses were “Isolation and its effects on mental health”, “Worrying about the pandemic and its consequences”, “Increased symptomatology” and “Suicide”. Being a relative during the lockdown put heavy strain on the relatives’ own health, in particular disturbance of sleep, concentration, and the ability to take care of others in the family. Relatives of family members with psychotic bipolar disorder, not currently in treatment, or living with their family experienced the situation especially challenging. Conclusions Many relatives found the first lockdown hard for their family. Efforts to integrate relatives’ perspectives in health care and contingency plans under normal circumstances could potentially alleviate some of the extra burden experienced by families during extraordinary circumstances. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13458-5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erlend Mork
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for Southeast Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Sofie R Aminoff
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for Southeast Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elizabeth Ann Barrett
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for Southeast Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carmen Simonsen
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for Southeast Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad
- TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, 4011, Stavanger, Norway.,Institute of Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, P.O. box 8600, 4036, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Trine Vik Lagerberg
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, PB 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, PB 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Lie Romm
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for Southeast Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Nydalen, P.O. box 4956, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Barrett EA, Simonsen C, Aminoff SR, Hegelstad WTV, Lagerberg TV, Melle I, Mork E, Romm KL. The COVID-19 pandemic impact on wellbeing and mental health in people with psychotic and bipolar disorders. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2559. [PMID: 35385888 PMCID: PMC9110908 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic affects people globally, but it may affect people with psychotic and bipolar disorders disproportionally. Our aims were to investigate the pandemic impact on perceived wellbeing and mental health in this population, including which pandemic-related factors have had an impact. METHODS People with psychotic and bipolar disorders (N = 520; female = 81%; psychotic disorders n = 75/bipolar disorder n = 445) completed an online survey about wellbeing and mental health in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (June 5-July 5, 2020). RESULTS Many participants experienced deteriorated wellbeing and mental health after the pandemic outbreak, especially in life satisfaction, meaning in life, positive feelings, depression, anxiety, and self-harm/suicidal ideation. Experienced recovery from mental health difficulties was significantly lower after compared to before the outbreak. Participants with psychotic disorders had significantly poorer wellbeing and mental health than participants with bipolar disorders, although they experienced significantly more worsening only of psychotic symptoms. Nearly half the participants reported coping with the situation; however, most factors potentially important to wellbeing and mental health changed adversely, including sufficiency and quality of treatment. More loneliness, low coping, insufficient mental health treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic, pandemic worry, more insomnia symptoms, and increased alcohol use predicted poor wellbeing and poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS During a pandemic, it is particularly important that mental health services strive to offer the best possible treatment under the current conditions and target loneliness, coping strategies, pandemic worry, insomnia, and increased alcohol use to uphold wellbeing and reduce mental health difficulties. For some, teletherapy is an agreeable substitute for traditional therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ann Barrett
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for South East Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carmen Simonsen
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for South East Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sofie Ragnhild Aminoff
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for South East Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad
- TIPS Centre for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Institute of Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Trine Vik Lagerberg
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erlend Mork
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for South East Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Lie Romm
- Early Intervention in Psychosis Advisory Unit for South East Norway (TIPS Sør-Øst), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Fernández-González R, Pérez-Pérez M, Hervés-Estévez J, Garza-Gil MD. Socio-economic impact of Covid-19 on the fishing sector: A case study of a region highly dependent on fishing in Spain. OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 221:106131. [PMID: 36568143 PMCID: PMC9759351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Galicia is the most important fishing region in Spain. Nearly 50% of the volume of catches and of the national fishing fleet are concentrated in this region. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the fishing sector had the status of an essential sector and was not forced to stop its activity by the national Government. However, its economic performance has deteriorated in 2020. This article aims to analyze the impact of the pandemic on the extractive fishing sector in Galicia. For this purpose, the performance of the main economic and financial variables of the 246 companies that constitute this industry has been studied. The companies pertain to different extractive sectors (the national, offshore and large-scale fleets) and are in 9 different areas (Vigo, Pontevedra, Arousa, Muros, Fisterra, Costa da Morte, A Coruña-Ferrol, Cedeira and A Mariña). The results of the analysis show that the 9 fishing zones share a generalized negative trend but that there is heterogeneity in the results. Among the most determining factors are the predominant fleet extract, the target species caught, or the perception of public subsidies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Fernández-González
- Department of Applied Economics, ERENEA-ECOBAS, University of Vigo, Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Marcos Pérez-Pérez
- Department of Applied Economics, ERENEA-ECOBAS, University of Vigo, Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - Javier Hervés-Estévez
- Department of Mathematics, RGEAF-ECOBAS, University of Vigo, Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - María Dolores Garza-Gil
- Department of Applied Economics, ERENEA-ECOBAS, University of Vigo, Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sánchez-Guarnido AJ, Lucena V, Torrent A, Bosa L, Martinez-López V, Cuartiles-Berenguer A, Batalla I. Mental Health Day Hospitals and Lockdown Due to COVID-19 in Spain. Front Psychol 2022; 13:769015. [PMID: 35401338 PMCID: PMC8984755 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.769015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has forced changes in patient care in Mental Health Day Hospitals (MHDHs). Objectives To study the interventions performed in MHDHs during the pandemic in comparison with those performed in other facilities and to analyze the new hospital admissions in both groups. Method A retrospective multicenter cohort study comparing the interventions received by a group of 161 patients admitted in MHDHs during the lockdown period in Spain with the interventions of another group of 109 patients who were treated at other facilities during lockdown. Results MHDHs reduced their face-to-face interventions during lockdown just as much as other facilities but implemented telematic intervention methods to a greater extent. Patients attached to MHDHs during lockdown were admitted significantly less and presented fewer urgent consultations in the following 6 months. Conclusion The use of telepsychiatry made it feasible to adapt MHDHs to periods of lockdown, being useful to improve the continuity of care during the pandemic. In addition, it was possible to maintain a reduction in hospital admissions in patients treated at MHDHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Laura Bosa
- Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hofer A, Kachel T, Plattner B, Chernova A, Conca A, Fronthaler M, Haring C, Holzner B, Huber M, Marksteiner J, Miller C, Pardeller S, Perwanger V, Pycha R, Schmidt M, Sperner-Unterweger B, Tutzer F, Frajo-Apor B. Mental health in individuals with severe mental disorders during the covid-19 pandemic: a longitudinal investigation. NPJ SCHIZOPHRENIA 2022; 8:17. [PMID: 35260590 PMCID: PMC8903129 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-022-00225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Research on the long-term mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic across mental disorders is limited, and information on the impact of public health policy measures with varying strictness is missing. This study therefore aimed at investigating psychological distress among residents of Tyrol (Austria) and South Tyrol (Italy) at the early stages of the pandemic and 5 months thereafter and examined how sociodemographic, protective, and risk factors relate to change over time. One hundred and fifteen people with severe mental illness (SMI; schizophrenia spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder with psychotic features) or major depressive disorder without psychotic features (MDD) and 481 community controls without mental disorders participated in an online survey. Next to the collection of sociodemographic and COVID-19 related variables, the Brief Symptom Checklist, the Resilience Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Three-Item Loneliness Scale, and the Multidimensional State Boredom Scale-Short Form were used to assess psychological distress, resilience, perceived social support, loneliness, and boredom. Levels of psychological symptoms and the prevalence of psychological distress were significantly higher in individuals with MDD compared to the other two groups, and Italian participants were more prone to anxiety than those from Austria. Psychological distress was predicted by a lower degree of both resilience and perceived social support as well as loneliness and boredom. Notably, the prevalence of clinically relevant psychological symptoms remained unchanged among each group over time. These results underscore the relevance of tailored prevention and mitigation strategies to meet the specific needs of people both with and without mental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Hofer
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Timo Kachel
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Plattner
- Department of Psychiatry, Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, General Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Anna Chernova
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Conca
- Department of Psychiatry, Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, General Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Martin Fronthaler
- Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, Therapy center Bad Bachgart, Rodengo, Italy
| | - Christian Haring
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy B, State Hospital Hall in Tyrol, Hall in Tyrol, Austria
| | - Bernhard Holzner
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Huber
- Department of Psychiatry, Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, General Hospital of Brunico, Brunico, Italy
| | - Josef Marksteiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy A, State Hospital Hall in Tyrol, Hall in Tyrol, Austria
| | - Carl Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, County Hospital Kufstein, Kufstein, Austria
| | - Silvia Pardeller
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Verena Perwanger
- Department of Psychiatry, Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, General Hospital of Merano, Merano, Italy
| | - Roger Pycha
- Department of Psychiatry, Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol, General Hospital of Bressanone, Bressanone, Italy
| | - Martin Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry, County Hospital Lienz, Lienz, Austria
| | - Barbara Sperner-Unterweger
- Division of Psychiatry II, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Franziska Tutzer
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beatrice Frajo-Apor
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Medical Psychology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Pérez V, Elices M, Vilagut G, Vieta E, Blanch J, Laborda-Serrano E, Prat B, Colom F, Palao D, Alonso J. Suicide-related thoughts and behavior and suicide death trends during the COVID-19 in the general population of Catalonia, Spain. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 56:4-12. [PMID: 34875491 PMCID: PMC8603035 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is expected to increase suicidal behavior. However, data available to date are inconsistent. This study examines suicidal thoughts and behaviors and suicide trends in 2020 relative to 2019 as an approximation to the impact of the pandemic on suicidal behavior and death in the general population of Catalonia, Spain. Data on suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (STBs) and suicidal mortality were obtained from the Catalonia Suicide Risk Code (CSRC) register and the regional police, respectively. We compared the monthly crude incidence of STBs and suicide mortality rates of 2020 with those of 2019. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess changes in trends over time during the studied period. In 2020, 4,263 consultations for STBs and 555 suicide deaths were registered in Catalonia (approx. 7.5 million inhabitants). Compared to 2019, in 2020 STBs rates decreased an average of 6.3% (incidence rate ratio, IRR=0.94, 95% CI 0,90-0,98) and overall suicide death rates increased 1.2% (IRR=1.01, 95% CI 0.90-1.13). Joinpoint regression results showed a substantial decrease in STBs rates with a monthly percent change (MPC) of -22.1 (95% CI: -41.1, 2.9) from January-April 2020, followed by a similar increase from April-July 2020 (MPC=24.7, 95% CI: -5.9, 65.2). The most restrictive measures implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic reduced consultations for STBs, suggesting that the "stay at home" message may have discouraged people from contacting mental health services. STBs and mortality should continue to be monitored in 2021 and beyond to understand better the mid-to-long term impact of COVID-19 on suicide trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Pérez
- Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions (INAD), Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain; Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, (IMIM), Parce de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Elices
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, (IMIM), Parce de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.
| | - G Vilagut
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, (IMIM), Parce de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Vieta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Blanch
- Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; Master Plan on Mental Health and Addictions, Ministry of Health, Catalan Government, Spain
| | | | - B Prat
- Master Plan on Mental Health and Addictions, Ministry of Health, Catalan Government, Spain
| | - F Colom
- Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions (INAD), Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain; Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, (IMIM), Parce de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Palao
- Department of Mental Health, Parc Taulí-University Hospital; Unitat Mixta de Neurociència Traslacional I3PT, Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona; CIBERSAM, Spain
| | - J Alonso
- Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, (IMIM), Parce de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dickerson F, Katsafanas E, Newman T, Origoni A, Rowe K, Squire A, Ziemann RS, Khushalani S, Yolken R. Experiences of Persons With Serious Mental Illness During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychiatr Serv 2022; 73:133-140. [PMID: 34189930 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.202100130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to characterize the experiences of persons with serious mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Adults with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, or no psychiatric disorder (N=195) were interviewed between July 2020 and January 2021. All were previously enrolled in a cohort study. The interviews focused on mental distress and suicidal thoughts, the impact of the pandemic and pandemic-related worries, tobacco and alcohol use, and access to care. Responses of persons with serious mental illness were compared with responses of those without a psychiatric disorder by using multivariate ordered logistic regression analyses. For a subset of participants, responses about suicidal ideation were compared with their responses prior to the pandemic. RESULTS Compared with participants with no psychiatric disorder, individuals with schizophrenia were more likely to endorse that they felt overwhelmed or anxious, had difficulty concentrating, or were concerned about medical bills and having enough food; they also reported significantly increased tobacco smoking. Individuals with bipolar disorder also reported more COVID-19-related worries than did participants without a psychiatric disorder. Overall, those with a psychiatric disorder reported more frequent mental distress and more recent missed medical visits and medications than did those with no psychiatric disorder. However, participants with serious mental illness did not report a higher rate of suicidal thoughts compared with their prepandemic responses. CONCLUSIONS The pandemic poses significant challenges to individuals with serious mental illness in terms of COVID-19-related distress. Psychiatric services should proactively address the emotional distress and worries associated with the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faith Dickerson
- Sheppard Pratt (Dickerson, Katsafanas, Newman, Origoni, Rowe, Squire, Ziemann, Khushalani) and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (Yolken), Baltimore
| | - Emily Katsafanas
- Sheppard Pratt (Dickerson, Katsafanas, Newman, Origoni, Rowe, Squire, Ziemann, Khushalani) and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (Yolken), Baltimore
| | - Theresa Newman
- Sheppard Pratt (Dickerson, Katsafanas, Newman, Origoni, Rowe, Squire, Ziemann, Khushalani) and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (Yolken), Baltimore
| | - Andrea Origoni
- Sheppard Pratt (Dickerson, Katsafanas, Newman, Origoni, Rowe, Squire, Ziemann, Khushalani) and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (Yolken), Baltimore
| | - Kelly Rowe
- Sheppard Pratt (Dickerson, Katsafanas, Newman, Origoni, Rowe, Squire, Ziemann, Khushalani) and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (Yolken), Baltimore
| | - Amalia Squire
- Sheppard Pratt (Dickerson, Katsafanas, Newman, Origoni, Rowe, Squire, Ziemann, Khushalani) and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (Yolken), Baltimore
| | - Rita S Ziemann
- Sheppard Pratt (Dickerson, Katsafanas, Newman, Origoni, Rowe, Squire, Ziemann, Khushalani) and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (Yolken), Baltimore
| | - Sunil Khushalani
- Sheppard Pratt (Dickerson, Katsafanas, Newman, Origoni, Rowe, Squire, Ziemann, Khushalani) and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (Yolken), Baltimore
| | - Robert Yolken
- Sheppard Pratt (Dickerson, Katsafanas, Newman, Origoni, Rowe, Squire, Ziemann, Khushalani) and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (Yolken), Baltimore
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Manchia M, Gathier AW, Yapici-Eser H, Schmidt MV, de Quervain D, van Amelsvoort T, Bisson JI, Cryan JF, Howes OD, Pinto L, van der Wee NJ, Domschke K, Branchi I, Vinkers CH. The impact of the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic on stress resilience and mental health: A critical review across waves. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 55:22-83. [PMID: 34818601 PMCID: PMC8554139 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.10.864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The global public health crisis caused by COVID-19 has lasted longer than many of us would have hoped and expected. With its high uncertainty and limited control, the COVID-19 pandemic has undoubtedly asked a lot from all of us. One important central question is: how resilient have we proved in face of the unprecedented and prolonged coronavirus pandemic? There is a vast and rapidly growing literature that has examined the impact of the pandemic on mental health both on the shorter (2020) and longer (2021) term. This not only concerns pandemic-related effects on resilience in the general population, but also how the pandemic has challenged stress resilience and mental health outcomes across more specific vulnerable population groups: patients with a psychiatric disorder, COVID-19 diagnosed patients, health care workers, children and adolescents, pregnant women, and elderly people. It is challenging to keep up to date with, and interpret, this rapidly increasing scientific literature. In this review, we provide a critical overview on how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted mental health and how human stress resilience has been shaped by the pandemic on the shorter and longer term. The vast literature is dominated by a wealth of data which are, however, not always of the highest quality and heavily depend on online and self-report surveys. Nevertheless, it appears that we have proven surprisingly resilient over time, with fast recovery from COVID-19 measures. Still, vulnerable groups such as adolescents and health care personnel that have been severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic do exist. Large interindividual differences exist, and for future pandemics there is a clear need to comprehensively and integratively assess resilience from the start to provide personalized help and interventions tailored to the specific needs for vulnerable groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Manchia
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy; Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy; Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Abbreviation
| | - Anouk W Gathier
- Department of Psychiatry (GGZ inGeest), Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), Vrije University, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience research institutes, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hale Yapici-Eser
- Department of Psychiatry, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; Research Center for Translational Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominique de Quervain
- Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Department of Medicine, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Therese van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jonathan I Bisson
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - John F Cryan
- Dept Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland & APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Oliver D Howes
- King's College London, London, SE5 8AF Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN Lundbeck A/v, Valby, Denmark
| | - Luisa Pinto
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Nic J van der Wee
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, LUMC Neuroscience and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Basics in NeuroModulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Igor Branchi
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Christiaan H Vinkers
- Department of Psychiatry (GGZ inGeest), Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), Vrije University, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience research institutes, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC (location VUmc), Vrije University, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Changes in Mental Health among Psychiatric Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hong Kong-A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031181. [PMID: 35162205 PMCID: PMC8834986 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had substantial impacts on citizens’ daily living. Concerns over mental health issues are rising. Recent studies assessing the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on the general public revealed alarming results. Meanwhile, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health among patients with pre-existing psychiatric disorders remained unclear. Methods: Patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, bipolar disorders, or schizophrenia were invited to complete a survey between July and October 2020. The survey collected information on subjects’ demographics, accommodation status, changes in mental health status during the COVID-19 outbreak, and the factors that affect subjects’ mental health during COVID-19. The primary outcome of this study was the change in mental health, defined by psychiatric symptom change and patient satisfaction on symptom control. The secondary outcomes were patients’ emotional status—measured by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21)—during the COVID-19 pandemic and factors that impacted patients’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Out of the 294 patients recruited, 65.0% were living in hostel while 35.0% were living in the community. The proportion of patients with ‘unsatisfied’ or ‘very unsatisfied’ mental disease control increased from 10.2% to 17.1% after the COVID-19 outbreak (p < 0.001). Under the DASS-21 questionnaire, 24.2% subjects, 32.6% subjects, and 18.9% subjects were classified as severe or extremely severe in terms of the level of depression, anxiety, and stress they experienced, respectively. Patients living in the community, patients with mood disorders, and female patients reported significantly worse control over anxiety and mood symptoms. The three major factors that affected patients’ mental health during COVID-19 were ‘reduced social activities’, ‘worries over people around getting infected’, and ‘reduced exercise’. Conclusion: Psychiatric patients in general have poorer disease control after the COVID-19 outbreak. Patients in the community appeared to be more affected than patients residing in hostels. More efforts should be directed to screening patients with pre-existing mental health disorders to enable timely interventions.
Collapse
|
40
|
Biviá-Roig G, Soldevila-Matías P, Haro G, González-Ayuso V, Arnau F, Peyró-Gregori L, García-Garcés L, Sánchez-López MI, Lisón JF. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Lifestyles and Levels of Anxiety and Depression of Patients with Schizophrenia: A Retrospective Observational Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10010128. [PMID: 35052292 PMCID: PMC8776060 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The movement restrictions put in place as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic required modification of the population’s usual routines, including those of the most vulnerable groups such as patients with schizophrenia. This was a retrospective observational study. We used an online survey to collect information on patient adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener questionnaire), physical exercise (International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form), and tobacco consumption and levels of anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) before and during the movement restrictions. A total of 102 people with schizophrenia participated in this study. During the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown the participants significantly increased the number of minutes spent sitting per day (z = −6.73; p < 0.001), decreased the time they spent walking (z = −6.32; p < 0.001), and increased their tobacco consumption (X2 = 156.90; p < 0.001). These results were also accompanied by a significant increase in their reported levels of anxiety (z = −7.45; p < 0.001) and depression (z = −7.03, p < 0.001). No significant differences in patient diets during the pandemic compared to before the movement restrictions were reported. These results suggest the need to implement specific programs to improve lifestyle and reduce anxiety and depression during possible future pandemic situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Biviá-Roig
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (L.P.-G.); (L.G.-G.); (M.I.S.-L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Pau Soldevila-Matías
- State Reference Center for Psychosocial Rehabilitation (Creap), 46015 Valencia, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (V.G.-A.)
- Department of Basic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Haro
- TXP Research Group, Medicine & Surgery Department, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain;
- Mental Health Department, Consorcio Hospitalario Provincial de Castellón, 12002 Castellón, Spain;
| | - Victor González-Ayuso
- State Reference Center for Psychosocial Rehabilitation (Creap), 46015 Valencia, Spain; (P.S.-M.); (V.G.-A.)
| | - Francisco Arnau
- Mental Health Department, Consorcio Hospitalario Provincial de Castellón, 12002 Castellón, Spain;
| | - Loreto Peyró-Gregori
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (L.P.-G.); (L.G.-G.); (M.I.S.-L.)
| | - Laura García-Garcés
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (L.P.-G.); (L.G.-G.); (M.I.S.-L.)
| | - Maria I. Sánchez-López
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (L.P.-G.); (L.G.-G.); (M.I.S.-L.)
| | - Juan Francisco Lisón
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain;
- CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CIBERobn, CB06/03 Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Fleischmann E, Dalkner N, Fellendorf FT, Reininghaus EZ. Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with serious mental disorders: A systematic review of the literature. World J Psychiatry 2021; 11:1387-1406. [PMID: 35070784 PMCID: PMC8717042 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i12.1387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is having a great impact on individuals from all over the world, particularly on individuals with mental disorders. Several studies found more pronounced psychiatric symptoms, notably symptoms of depression and anxiety.
AIM To assess the situation of patients with serious mental illness (SMI: Affective disorders and schizophrenia) regarding their mental health outcome during the pandemic.
METHODS A systematic search using the databases PubMed and MEDLINE was conducted, employing the key words “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “psychiatric/mental disorder/illness”, “affective/mood disorder”, “bipolar disorder”, “(major) depression”, “schizoaffective disorder”, and “schizophrenia”. Studies that had been published up until January 9, 2021 were included. Information of studies in languages other than English and German was mostly taken from their English abstracts.
RESULTS The literature search concluded in the finding of 36 studies containing relevant clinical data. A general impairment of the mental health of individuals with SMI could be detected, particularly in individuals with affective disorders, as compared to those with schizophrenia. Compared to healthy controls, symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress were more pronounced in individuals with SMI. Relevant factors found that impacted their mental health were age, resilience, and socioeconomic environment, especially the shortage of mental health services, lack of social support, and inadequate information about COVID-19.
CONCLUSION In light of these results, mental health services should be reinforced, notably the use of telemental health services. Furthermore, supplying individuals with SMI with adequate information about the COVID-19 pandemic and increasing their resilience is important. When researching the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with SMI, standardization as well as follow-up studies are needed to enable better comparability and understanding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Fleischmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
| | - Nina Dalkner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
| | - Frederike T Fellendorf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
| | - Eva Z Reininghaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz 8036, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, evidence shows the negative psychological impact of lockdown measures in the general population. It is also important to identify predictors of psychological distress in vulnerable people, particularly patients with history of depressive episodes (the most prevalent psychiatric disorder), in order to adapt mental health strategies for future lockdown measures. This study aim was to (1) compare in 69 healthy controls (HC) and 346 patients with a major depressive episode in the two previous years (PP) self-reported psychological symptoms (depression, anxiety, insomnia, suicidal ideation, traumatic stress, anger) and living conditions during the first national French lockdown, and (2) identify predictors of significant psychological distress in PP. The levels of psychological symptoms were very low in HC compared with PP, independently of the living conditions. Half of PP had no psychiatric contact during the lockdown. Loneliness and boredom were independent predictors of depression, anxiety and insomnia, whereas daily physical activity was a protective factor. Virtual contacts protected against suicidal ideation. Our results highlight the need of specific strategies to target loneliness and boredom and to improve care access, including telepsychiatry. Longitudinal studies must investigate the COVID-19 pandemic psychological impact in clinical samples.
Collapse
|
43
|
Olié E, Dubois J, Benramdane M, Guillaume S, Courtet P. Psychological state of a sample of patients with mood disorders during the first French COVID-19 lockdown. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23711. [PMID: 34887481 PMCID: PMC8660817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03037-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, evidence shows the negative psychological impact of lockdown measures in the general population. It is also important to identify predictors of psychological distress in vulnerable people, particularly patients with history of depressive episodes (the most prevalent psychiatric disorder), in order to adapt mental health strategies for future lockdown measures. This study aim was to (1) compare in 69 healthy controls (HC) and 346 patients with a major depressive episode in the two previous years (PP) self-reported psychological symptoms (depression, anxiety, insomnia, suicidal ideation, traumatic stress, anger) and living conditions during the first national French lockdown, and (2) identify predictors of significant psychological distress in PP. The levels of psychological symptoms were very low in HC compared with PP, independently of the living conditions. Half of PP had no psychiatric contact during the lockdown. Loneliness and boredom were independent predictors of depression, anxiety and insomnia, whereas daily physical activity was a protective factor. Virtual contacts protected against suicidal ideation. Our results highlight the need of specific strategies to target loneliness and boredom and to improve care access, including telepsychiatry. Longitudinal studies must investigate the COVID-19 pandemic psychological impact in clinical samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Olié
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
| | | | | | - Sébastien Guillaume
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cervera-Martínez J, Atienza-Carbonell B, Mota JC, Bobes-Bascarán T, Crespo-Facorro B, Esteban C, García-Portilla MP, Gomes-da-Costa S, González-Pinto A, Jaén-Moreno MJ, Sarramea F, Vieta E, Zorrilla I, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Kapczinski F, De Boni RB, Balanzá-Martínez V. Lifestyle changes and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A repeated, cross-sectional web survey. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:173-182. [PMID: 34469856 PMCID: PMC8418875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare self-reported changes on lifestyle behaviors during two phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain, and to evaluate clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with lifestyles. METHODS Two cross-sectional web surveys were conducted during lockdown (April 15-May 15, 2020) and seven months later (November 16-December 16, 2020). Lifestyle behaviors were self-reported by a multidimensional scale (SMILE-C). Two separate samples of respondents were analyzed. A multivariate regression model was performed to evaluate the association of SMILE-C scores with demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS The sample comprised, 3412 participants from the first survey (S1) and in the S1 and 3635 from the second (S2). SMILE-C score decreased across surveys (p < 0.001). The rates of positive screenings for depression and anxiety were similar between the surveys, whereas those for alcohol abuse decreased (p < 0.001). Most participants in S2 reported that their lifestyle had not changed compared to those before the pandemic. Variables independently associated with an unhealthier lifestyle were working as an essential worker, lower educational level, previous mental disease, worse self-rated health, totally/moderate changes on diet, sleep or social support, as well as positive screenings for alcohol abuse, anxiety and depression. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design and recruitment by non-probabilistic methods limit inferring causality and the external validity of the results. CONCLUSIONS Overall lifestyle worsened seven months after the lockdown in Spain. Several demographic and clinical factors were associated with lifestyle scores. The contribution of common mental disorders to unhealthier lifestyles should be considered in order to prevent the negative impact of the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Cervera-Martínez
- Hospital de Denia-Marina Salud, Alicante, Spain,Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Jurema C. Mota
- Institute of Scientific and Technological Communication and Information in Health (ICICT), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Teresa Bobes-Bascarán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain,Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain,Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain,Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, IBIS, Seville, Spain,University of Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | | | - María Paz García-Portilla
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain,Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Susana Gomes-da-Costa
- Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ana González-Pinto
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain,Hospital Universitario de Alava. BIOARABA, UPV-EHU, Vitoria, Spain
| | - M. José Jaén-Moreno
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain,Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas y Sociosanitarias, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Fernando Sarramea
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain,Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain,Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain,Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Iñaki Zorrilla
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain,Hospital Universitario de Alava. BIOARABA, UPV-EHU, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain,Department of Medicine, Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University of Valencia, Blasco Ibáñez, 15, Valencia 46010, Spain
| | - Flavio Kapczinski
- Departament of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Mood Disorders Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Raquel B. De Boni
- Institute of Scientific and Technological Communication and Information in Health (ICICT), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vicent Balanzá-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University of Valencia, Blasco Ibáñez, 15, Valencia 46010, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Caqueo-Urízar A, Urzúa A, Ponce-Correa F, Ferrer R. Psychosocial Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients With Schizophrenia and Their Caregivers. Front Psychol 2021; 12:729793. [PMID: 34803806 PMCID: PMC8602112 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.729793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on 120 patients with schizophrenia, and their caregivers (control group), in the city of Arica, northern Chile. The hypotheses of this study hold that (1) self-reports of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among patients and caregivers would be positively correlated, (2) caregivers would self-report a greater impact of the pandemic on their daily lives, and (3) patients infected with COVID-19 would experience lower levels of mental health improvement and higher levels of psychological distress. Hypotheses were tested using correlations, mean differences, and effect sizes (Cohen’s d). The results showed that patients with schizophrenia who had been in quarantine for almost a year showed similar levels of concern as their caregivers in the domains of health and social life. However, caregivers showed significant differences from patients in the areas of income, concern, and employment status. In addition, patients who were infected with COVID-19 showed lower levels of well-being and worse psychological recovery. The implications of the findings highlight the need to incorporate mental health interventions in the pandemic health context for caregivers of people with schizophrenia. Finally, the results suggest that Covid-19 infection has a significant effect on the recovery and psychological well-being of patients with schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alfonso Urzúa
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | | | - Rodrigo Ferrer
- Escuela de Psicología y Filosofía, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Danenberg R, Shemesh S, Tzur Bitan D, Maoz H, Saker T, Dror C, Hertzberg L, Bloch Y. Attitudes of patients with severe mental illness towards COVID-19 vaccinations: A preliminary report from a public psychiatric hospital. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 143:16-20. [PMID: 34438198 PMCID: PMC8376832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As patients with severe mental illness are at increased risk for COVID-19 mortality, the issue of willingness to be vaccinated is of extreme importance. METHODS During February 2021 Shalvata Mental Health hospital provided Covid-19 vaccines to its patients. Fifty one patients suffering from severe mental illness, out of 196 patients hospitalized in closed, open or day wards during that period, signed the informed consent and were assessed for their clinical condition (OQ-45), fear of Covid-19 (FCV-19S) and approach to the vaccine (C19-VHS). All patients who were not vaccinated in February 2021 (baseline) were re-approached a month later to assess whether they had gotten vaccinated since. RESULTS Patients who were not vaccinated at baseline had an oppositional approach to the vaccine, and did not significantly differ in their fear of Covid-19 levels or in levels of clinical severity (t(49) = 2.51, p = 0.02) from those who were vaccinated. From the 29 patients who were not vaccinated at baseline approach to the vaccine was a good predictor to getting vaccinated after one month (79% positive predictive value). CONCLUSIONS The majority of patients suffering from a severe mental illness are willing to get vaccinated, and their decision of whether or not to get vaccinated is based on their viewpoint on the vaccine rather than being an outcome of their level of distress (OQ-45). It is important to allow vaccine accessibility to hospitalized patients, to consider their opinions and to provide useful information to lower vaccine hesitancy and improve vaccination rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renana Danenberg
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Research, Shalvata Mental Health Center, Israel; Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Israel.
| | - Sharon Shemesh
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Research, Shalvata Mental Health Center, Israel.
| | - Dana Tzur Bitan
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Research, Shalvata Mental Health Center, Israel; Department of Behavioral Sciences, Ariel University, Israel.
| | - Hagai Maoz
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Research, Shalvata Mental Health Center, Israel; Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Israel.
| | - Talia Saker
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Research, Shalvata Mental Health Center, Israel; Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Israel.
| | - Chen Dror
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Research, Shalvata Mental Health Center, Israel; Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Israel.
| | - Libi Hertzberg
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Research, Shalvata Mental Health Center, Israel,Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Israel
| | - Yuval Bloch
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Research, Shalvata Mental Health Center, Israel; Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Dong JH, Yang C, Ding HQ, Xing PJ, Zhou FY, Tian H, Liu X, Zheng HT, Hu SH, Zhu ZL. Development of a Portable Method for Serum Lithium Measurement Based on Low-Cost Miniaturized Ultrasonic Nebulization Coupled with Atmospheric-Pressure Air-Sustained Discharge. Anal Chem 2021; 93:13351-13359. [PMID: 34558890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
An accurate, rapid but cheap, and portable method for monitoring of serum lithium (Li) is highly desirable for mental patients who take Li medicine for treatment. Conventional techniques are usually bulky, costly, and cannot provide on-site real-time measurements. Herein, a miniaturized, reliable, cost-effective, and portable optical emission method for rapid and sensitive determination of serum Li was developed based on a combination of miniaturized ultrasonic nebulization (MUN) and a low-power (≈22 W) atmospheric-pressure air-sustained discharge (APAD) excitation source. The proposed method eliminates the use of any compressed gas or pump and can achieve serum Li detection within 40 s with low sample consumption (less than 20 μL serum). Except for dilution with water, no extra treatment is needed for serum Li analysis by MUN-APAD-OES. In addition, it offers a significant advantage of good tolerance to the coexisting high concentration of Na, K, Ca, and Mg, which is in contrast with the obvious matrix effect encountered in conventional inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Different operating parameters affecting the performance of MUN-APAD-OES were evaluated. Under optimized conditions, the detection limit of Li (670.8 nm) was calculated to be 0.6 μg L-1 (6 μg L-1 in serum). Finally, the accuracy of the proposed method was validated by the analysis of two certified reference materials (Seronorm serum L-1 and L-2 RUO), six real human serum samples, and eight real animal serum samples. All of the results indicate that the low-cost and low-power MUN-APAD-OES provides a promising reliable method for on-site serum Li measurement and may also be extended to other elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China.,Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Han-Qing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China.,Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Peng-Ju Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fei-Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China.,Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huan Tian
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hong-Tao Zheng
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Sheng-Hong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhen-Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China.,Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lara R, Fernández-Daza M, Zabarain-Cogollo S, Olivencia-Carrión MA, Jiménez-Torres M, Olivencia-Carrión MD, Ogallar-Blanco A, Godoy-Izquierdo D. Active Coping and Anxiety Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spanish Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8240. [PMID: 34443989 PMCID: PMC8392463 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The features of the COVID-19 pandemic and the social operations to contain the spread of the virus might have limited or altered coping, including healthy habits such as exercise, this contributing to a myriad of negative consequences for the mental health of the global population. We explored the contribution of coping and physical activity to the management of anxiety in Spanish adults during an active phase of the epidemic, as well as the relationship between these strategies. A total of 200 young and adult individuals (70% women) voluntarily completed an anxiety inventory, a coping skills self-report and a personal data section including exercise practice. The participants reported in average a mild yet existing level of anxiety symptoms; a third reported noticeable symptoms. At the time of the study, the participants used more adaptive than maladaptive coping styles. Participants' anxiety was inversely correlated with an active coping style, and positively with an avoidant style; physical activity correlated positively with an active coping style, and regular exercisers used more frequently active coping. Controlling for confounders, active coping, avoidant coping and exercise during the pandemic predicted anxiety symptoms. Other findings indicated that exercise was used as a coping strategy for dealing with emotional distress. Our results highlight the positive impact of functional coping and exercise for the management of negative states such as anxiety during the pandemic, and underline the importance of developing interventions aimed at enhancing coping skills for promoting physical and mental well-being of the population during health and social crises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Lara
- Departamento Psicología Social, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación Psicología de la Salud/Medicina Conductual (CTS-267), Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.A.O.-C.); (M.J.-T.); (A.O.-B.)
| | - Martha Fernández-Daza
- Psychology Department, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta 110000, Colombia; (M.F.-D.); (S.Z.-C.)
- Grupo de Investigación Estudios Sociales Interdisciplinares-ESI, Santa Marta 110000, Colombia
| | - Sara Zabarain-Cogollo
- Psychology Department, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta 110000, Colombia; (M.F.-D.); (S.Z.-C.)
- Grupo de Investigación Estudios Sociales Interdisciplinares-ESI, Santa Marta 110000, Colombia
| | - María Angustias Olivencia-Carrión
- Grupo de Investigación Psicología de la Salud/Medicina Conductual (CTS-267), Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.A.O.-C.); (M.J.-T.); (A.O.-B.)
| | - Manuel Jiménez-Torres
- Grupo de Investigación Psicología de la Salud/Medicina Conductual (CTS-267), Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.A.O.-C.); (M.J.-T.); (A.O.-B.)
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Adelaida Ogallar-Blanco
- Grupo de Investigación Psicología de la Salud/Medicina Conductual (CTS-267), Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.A.O.-C.); (M.J.-T.); (A.O.-B.)
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Débora Godoy-Izquierdo
- Grupo de Investigación Psicología de la Salud/Medicina Conductual (CTS-267), Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.A.O.-C.); (M.J.-T.); (A.O.-B.)
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Favreau M, Hillert A, Osen B, Gärtner T, Hunatschek S, Riese M, Hewera K, Voderholzer U. Psychological consequences and differential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in patients with mental disorders. Psychiatry Res 2021; 302:114045. [PMID: 34126461 PMCID: PMC8180351 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE People with mental disorders might be differentially affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on patients with various psychiatric disorders who were admitted to inpatient treatment. METHODS Five-hundred thirty-eight inpatients with mental disorders participated in a survey about psychological consequences of the pandemic between March-December 2020. We examined the perceived burden by restrictions and worries, changes in health care utilization, and helpfulness of coping strategies. RESULTS More than 50% reported any worsening of symptoms, 40% stated increased need of therapeutic support. High rates of symptom deterioration were observed for depressive symptoms (>55%), anxiety (>40%), and sleeping behavior (>40%). Treatment impairment was stated by 27.9%. Patients with anxiety disorders were less affected by contact restrictions compared with eating disorders and depression. Patients with anorexia nervosa and post-traumatic stress disorder experienced higher helpfulness by daily structuring than patients with depression. DISCUSSION About half of our sample of psychiatric patients experienced symptom deterioration due to the pandemic and about one quarter reported impairment of treatment modalities. Especially patients with eating disorders and depressive disorders were more frequently affected. The results indicate a needed improvement of treatment options during a pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Favreau
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Schoen Clinic Roseneck, Prien am Chiemsee, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Karina Hewera
- Schoen Clinic Bad Staffelstein, Bad Staffelstein, Germany
| | - Ulrich Voderholzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany,Schoen Clinic Roseneck, Prien am Chiemsee, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Quel est l’impact du confinement chez les personnes souffrant de troubles psychiatriques lors de la pandémie de COVID-19 ? LA PRESSE MÉDICALE FORMATION 2021. [PMCID: PMC8223026 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpmfor.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Le déploiement sans précédent des mesures de confinement lors de la pandémie de COVID-19 a permis l’émergence d’une littérature précisant ses conséquences pour les personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux. Ces études suggèrent, entre autres, une majoration des symptômes pouvant conduire à l’exacerbation de la dépression, de l’anxiété, des troubles du sommeil et du risque suicidaire. Si les personnes souffrant de troubles anxieux sont particulièrement touchées lors des premières semaines du confinement, les personnes souffrant de troubles bipolaires expérimentent une symptomatologie moins intense mais plus durable. Les personnes souffrant de troubles psychotiques, quant à elles, semblent préservées de l’impact du confinement. Néanmoins les données concernant cette population sont encore peu nombreuses. Par ailleurs, les mesures de confinement sont susceptibles de teinter la présentation clinique de certains troubles mentaux. Une sensibilisation à ces spécificités pourrait alors orienter le regard du clinicien et s’avérer utile à l’adaptation des stratégies préventives, diagnostiques voire thérapeutiques. Parmi les mesures proposées, les plus pertinentes s’articulent autour de la promotion de la santé mentale, du maintien du suivi, et plus largement à la lutte contre l’isolement et la solitude. Les personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux pourraient souffrir d’une persistance à long terme de certains des effets du confinement. D’autres études sont nécessaires afin de caractériser ces effets.
Collapse
|