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Raballo A, Poletti M, Preti A. PSYCHS: Bridging Positive Symptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for Clinical High Risk for Psychosis-A litmus test for the field. Early Interv Psychiatry 2024; 18:275-277. [PMID: 38586961 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Raballo
- Chair of Psychiatry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland
- Cantonal Sociopsychiatric Organisation, Mendrisio, Switzerland
| | - Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Raballo A, Poletti M, Preti A. ENIGMA Brain Morphometry in CHR-P-Risk Enrichment and Antipsychotics. JAMA Psychiatry 2024; 81:427-428. [PMID: 38353961 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.5611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Raballo
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland
- Cantonal Sociopsychiatric Organisation, Mendrisio, Switzerland
| | - Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Raballo A, Poletti M, Preti A. Baseline Antipsychotic Dose and Transition to Psychosis in Individuals at Clinical High Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Psychiatry 2024:2816487. [PMID: 38506802 PMCID: PMC10955337 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Importance Emerging meta-analytical evidence indicates that baseline exposure to antipsychotics is associated with an increased risk of transitioning to psychosis in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) and that such effect is not a result of pretest risk enrichment. However, to maximize its translational utility for prognostic stratification in clinical practice, testing for the potential presence of a dose-response association is crucial. Objective To test whether the negative prognostic effect of baseline antipsychotic exposure in individuals at CHR-P follows a dose-effect pattern, as indicated by mean chlorpromazine equivalent doses (CPZ-ED). Data Sources MEDLINE and Cochrane Library, performed up to August 31, 2023, searching for English-language studies on individuals at CHR-P reporting data on exposure to antipsychotics at baseline and detailed information on dosage by transition status. Study Selection Studies that provided information on antipsychotic exposure at baseline and included detailed dosage data categorized by transition status. Data Extraction and Synthesis Eligible studies were identified following PRISMA guidelines and evaluated independently by 2 reviewers with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for assessing the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was transition to psychosis in individuals at CHR-P who were receiving antipsychotic treatment at baseline, measured by baseline mean CPZ-ED in individuals at CHR-P who transitioned to psychosis compared to those who did not. Results Eight studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Among 290 individuals at CHR-P (mean [SD] age, 19.4 [2.6] years) who were exposed to antipsychotics at baseline and remained in contact up to the completion of the study, 66 converted to psychosis and 224 did not. The mean CPZ-ED ranged 60 to 395 mg/d in those who converted and 13 to 224 mg/d in those who did not. Those who converted to psychosis had higher CPZ-ED than those who did not in both the common-effects model (Hedges g, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.12-0.70; z, 2.78; P = .005) and in the random-effects model (Hedges g, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.15-0.67; z, 3.69; P = .008; τ2, 0.0). There was no relevant heterogeneity (Cochran Q, 3.99; df, 7; P = .78; I2, 0.0%; 95% CI, 0.0-68.0). The radial plot indicated a good fit of the model. Conclusions and Relevance In individuals at CHR-P who were exposed to antipsychotics at baseline, those receiving higher antipsychotic doses demonstrated an increased likelihood of transitioning to psychosis. This meta-analytic evidence of putative dose-effect association confirms that baseline antipsychotic exposure and the corresponding dosage carry salient prognostic information that could improve current CHR-P criteria-based risk stratification at inception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Raballo
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Cantonal Sociopsychiatric Organisation, Public Health Division, Department of Health and Social Care, Repubblica e Cantone Ticino, Mendrisio, Switzerland
| | - Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Poletti M, Preti A, Raballo A. Debate: The prevention of psychosis in child and adolescent mental health services. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2024; 29:107-109. [PMID: 38031312 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Psychopathological conditions in adolescence and young adulthood often result from an altered neurodevelopment already phenotypically expressed in childhood. Child and adolescent mental health services are ideally placed to intercept in the developmental trajectories of younger adolescents and contribute to the early detection of a risk for psychosis, as proposed by Salazar de Pablo and Arango (2023, Child and Adolescent Mental Health), opening a debate to which we contribute. The early detection of a specific risk for psychosis and of a broader risk for severe mental illness requires an understanding of the clinical staging of psychosis, neurodevelopmental antecedents of severe mental illness and of heterotypic trajectories between childhood phenotypes and adult disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Poletti
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Chair of Psychiatry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland
- Cantonal Sociopsychiatric Organisation, Mendrisio, Switzerland
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Poletti M, Preti A, Raballo A. Focusing on modifiable early protective factors to prevent negative neurodevelopmental and psychiatric outcomes in at-risk infants. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1302474. [PMID: 38144475 PMCID: PMC10739498 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1302474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Poletti
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Chair of Psychiatry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland
- Cantonal Sociopsychiatric Organisation, Mendrisio, Switzerland
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Sciarrillo A, Bevione F, Lepora M, Toppino F, Lacidogna MC, Delsedime N, Panero M, Martini M, Abbate Daga G, Preti A. The Nepean Belief Scale (NBS) as a tool to investigate the intensity of beliefs in anorexia nervosa: psychometric properties of the Italian version. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:92. [PMID: 37906328 PMCID: PMC10618389 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01620-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with anorexia nervosa (AN) show a peculiar impairment of insight regarding their condition, often manifesting a denial of extreme emaciation and sometimes hiding or underreporting socially undesirable abnormal eating patterns. Sometimes the intensity of the beliefs held by patients with AN reach a delusional intensity. OBJECTIVES In this study, the Italian version of the Nepean Belief Scale was applied to a sample of patients diagnosed with AN to investigate the intensity of their beliefs and convictions and its clinical correlates. METHODS The Nepean Belief Scale (NBS) was translated and adapted to Italian and applied to a sample of patients diagnosed with AN based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5). RESULTS The Italian version of the 5-item NBS showed excellent reliability. Convergent validity was proved by negative association with levels of insight measured with the Schedule for the Assessment of Insight in Eating Disorders. Beliefs of delusional intensity were reported by 10% of participants. Those with a greater intensity of beliefs, either overvalued or delusional ideas, were more likely to report poorer general cognitive performances on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. No association was observed between NBS score and age, body mass index, symptoms of eating disorders, body dissatisfaction, or levels of depression. Fear of weight gain and control seeking were the most often reported themes at the NBS. CONCLUSIONS The Italian version of the NBS is a reasonably reliable, valid, and usable tool for the multidimensional assessment of insight in AN. Level of evidence Level III, Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Sciarrillo
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bevione
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Lepora
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Toppino
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Lacidogna
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Nadia Delsedime
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Panero
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Martini
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Abbate Daga
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Giovanni Carta M, Kalcev G, Scano A, Aviles Gonzalez CI, Ouali U, Pinna S, Carrà G, Romano F, Preti A, Orrù G, Minerba L, Cossu G, Nardi AE, Primavera D. The impact of MDQ positivity on quality of life impairment: Does it support the hypothesis of "Dysregulation of Mood, Energy, and Social Rhythms Syndrome" (DYMERS)? J Public Health Res 2023; 12:22799036231208356. [PMID: 37927350 PMCID: PMC10625312 DOI: 10.1177/22799036231208356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background DSM-5 separates bipolar (BD) from depressive disorders, but some experts consider BD as part of a spectrum of mood disorders. The interpretation of numerous false positives of BD screened by the Mood Disorders Questionnaire (MDQ) is part of this debate. Recent study results suggest that the worsening of health-related quality of life (H-Qol) associated with MDQ positivity does not depend solely on mood disorders. This study aims to clarify whether the impairment may be due to other concomitant disorders, unrelated to mood disorders, leading to a worsening of H-Qol. Additionally, the study aims to explore if MDQ positivity itself observe clinical significance. Design and methods The study involved pairs of cases (MDQ+) and controls (MDQ-) matched for sex, age, and absence of DSM-IV psychiatric comorbidity. The impact of MDQ positivity on the quality of life in a sample of MDQ+ comorbid with MDD was measured and compared to impact of MDD in other chronic disorders. Results The H-Qol was significantly worse in MDQ+ than in controls (both groups without any psychiatric co-morbidity). The worsening was similar to severe chronic disorders The burden of worsening quality of life due to MDD was mild in another sample of MDQ positives with comorbid MDD. Conclusion The study hypothesizes that MDQ positivity may be related to hyperactivation and dysregulation of rhythms typical of stress disorders. In fact, MDQ+ was found strongly related to sleep disturbances. Future studies could verify if a "Dysregulation of Mood, Energy, and Social Rhythms Syndrome" (DYMERS), causes worsening the H-Qol in MDQ+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserato Blocco I (CA), Cagliari, Italy
| | - Goce Kalcev
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserato Blocco I (CA), Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Scano
- Department of Surgical Science, Molecular Biology Service Lab, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Cesar Ivan Aviles Gonzalez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Program, Univesidad Popular del Cesar, Sede Sabanas, Valledupar, Colombia
| | - Uta Ouali
- Razi Hospital, La Manouba 2010, Faculty of Medicine of Tunisia, University of Tunis, El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Samantha Pinna
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserato Blocco I (CA), Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrà
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Maple House, London, UK
| | - Ferdinando Romano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Germano Orrù
- Department of Surgical Science, Molecular Biology Service Lab, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luigi Minerba
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserato Blocco I (CA), Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giulia Cossu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserato Blocco I (CA), Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Egidio Nardi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diego Primavera
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserato Blocco I (CA), Cagliari, Italy
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Quagliato LA, Primavera D, Fornaro M, Preti A, Carta MG, Nardi AE. An update on the pharmacotherapeutic strategies for the treatment of dysthymic disorder: a systematic review. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2023; 24:2035-2040. [PMID: 37787056 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2023.2265809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Longer treatment times, more comorbidity, more severe impairments in social, psychological, and emotional functioning, increased healthcare use, and more hospitalizations are all factors that are related to dysthymia. Given the significant prevalence of dysthymia (including persistent depressive disorder) worldwide, its comorbidity with several mental disorders, and the detrimental effects of these comorbidities, it is important to conduct a systematic review to compare the effects of pharmacological acute and maintenance treatments for dysthymia with placebo and standard care in the last 10 years, based on the publication of DSM5. AREAS COVERED This systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Databases, including PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, were searched to assess the effects of pharmacological acute and maintenance treatments for dysthymia in comparison with placebo and treatment as usual. EXPERT OPINION Our review shows that SSRIs and SNRIs present efficacy for dysthymia treatment, and L-Acetylcarnitine should be investigated further for this condition in elderly patients. The comparison of antidepressant medication versus placebo showed coherent results based on three studies favoring pharmacotherapy as an effective treatment for participants with dysthymia. However, the scarcity of research on continuation and maintenance therapy in people with dysthymia highlights the need for more primary research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiana A Quagliato
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diego Primavera
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Michele Fornaro
- Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro G Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio E Nardi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Meneghelli A, Ciancaglini P, Di Domenico M, Mazzola A, Ghio L, Preti A. Implementation of early intervention clinical services within the National Health System in Italy: Third wave survey with focus on structures, resources, and fidelity to the evidence-based model. Early Interv Psychiatry 2023; 17:884-892. [PMID: 36682817 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early intervention in psychosis (EIP) is a well-established approach aimed at detecting and treating early signs and symptoms of psychosis to prevent its long-term consequences. The present study aimed at detailing the current status of EIP services in Italy, covering all the Departments of Mental Health (DMHs) operating in 2018. METHODS All directors of public DMHs operating in Italy in 2018 (n = 127) were invited to fill in a Census form about EIP structure and activities. The first episode psychosis services fidelity scale (FEPS-FS) was used to investigate fidelity to the EIP model of the centre. RESULTS An active EIP service was reported by 41 DMHs (32% of the total DMHs; 56% of those who took part in the survey). Most EIP services had an autonomous team. The large majority of the Italian EIP centres provided psychosocial interventions to their patients, principally psychotherapy, family support, and psychoeducation. Among those with an active EIP, 29 DMHs filled in the FEPS-FS. Internal consistency was good when based on the replies of the respondents, but reliability was weak when measured on the basis of an independent evaluation (Cohen's kappa = 0.571). The fidelity to the guidelines for early intervention was uneven, with some criteria met by most centres, especially those peculiar to the Italian community psychiatry. CONCLUSION A further spreading of the early intervention model across the Italian DMHs was found. A lack of resources might limit the use of specific psychosocial treatments, such as cognitive-behavioural therapy or manualized family support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Meneghelli
- Associazione Italiana per la Prevenzione e l'Intervento Precoce nella Salute Mentale, Milan, Italy
| | - Panfilo Ciancaglini
- Associazione Italiana per la Prevenzione e l'Intervento Precoce nella Salute Mentale, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Di Domenico
- Associazione Italiana per la Prevenzione e l'Intervento Precoce nella Salute Mentale, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Mazzola
- Associazione Italiana per la Prevenzione e l'Intervento Precoce nella Salute Mentale, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucio Ghio
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, Azienda Sanitaria Locale 3 (ASL3) Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Associazione Italiana per la Prevenzione e l'Intervento Precoce nella Salute Mentale, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Poletti M, Preti A, Raballo A. From economic crisis and climate change through COVID-19 pandemic to Ukraine war: a cumulative hit-wave on adolescent future thinking and mental well-being. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 32:1815-1816. [PMID: 35396664 PMCID: PMC8993666 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-01984-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS Di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology (CTPDP), Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
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Raballo A, Poletti M, Preti A. Baseline benzodiazepine exposure is associated with greater risk of transition in clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P): a meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2023:1-7. [PMID: 37609894 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723002180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging meta-analytical evidence indicates that baseline exposure to antipsychotics and to antidepressants in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) have opposite prognostic effects as regards imminent transition to psychosis, with antipsychotics associated with higher risk and antidepressants associated with a lower risk in comparison to not-exposed individuals. Despite their common use, baseline exposure to benzodiazepines (BDZ) in CHR-P has surprisingly received poor attention as a potential risk modulator for transition to psychosis. The current systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to fix such a knowledge gap. METHODS Systematic scrutiny of Medline and Cochrane library, performed up to 31 December 2022, searching for English-language studies on CHR-P reporting numeric data about the sample, the transition outcome at a predefined follow-up time and raw data on BDZ baseline exposure in relation to such outcome. RESULTS Of 1893 identified records, five studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The proportion of participants with exposure to BDZ at baseline ranged from 5.5% (one study) to 46.2%, with an average of 16.8%. At the end of the period of observation, i.e., the follow-up as reported in the study, 28.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 19.7-39.1%] participants developed psychosis among the BDZ-exposed against 9.3% (7.3 to 11.9%) among the controls. CHR-P participants who were already under BDZ treatment at baseline had more than double chance of transition to psychosis than CHR-P participants who were BDZ-naïve. The risk ratio (RR) was 2.42 (95% CI 1.38-4.23) in the common effects model (z = 3.09; p = 0.002), and 2.40 (1.53 to 3.77) in the random-effects model (z = 5.40; p = 0.006; tau-squared = 0.0). There was no relevant heterogeneity: Cochran's Q = 1.49; df = 4; p = 0.828; I2 = 0.0% (95% CI 0.0-79%). Quality was good in four studies. CONCLUSIONS Ongoing BDZ exposure at inception in CHR-P is associated with a higher risk of transition to psychosis at follow up. This meta-analytic association, which echoes a similar effect of baseline antipsychotic exposure, plausibly indicates that the clinicians' prescription of pharmacological intervention captures some form of prognostically-relevant information (e.g. an anxiety permeated mental state requiring BDZ prescription) that are not adequately encompassed by current CHR-P categorical criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Raballo
- Chair of Psychiatry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland
- Cantonal Sociopsychiatric Organisation, Mendrisio, Switzerland
| | - Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging meta-analytical evidence indicates that baseline exposure to antipsychotics in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) is associated with a higher risk of an imminent transition to psychosis. Despite their tolerability profile and potential beneficial effects, baseline exposure to antidepressants (AD) in CHR-P has surprisingly received far less attention as a potential risk modulator for transition to psychosis. The current systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to fix such a knowledge gap. METHODS Systematic scrutiny of Medline and Cochrane library, performed up to 1 August 2021, searching for English-language studies on CHR-P reporting numeric data about the sample, the transition outcome at a predefined follow-up time and raw data on AD baseline exposure in relation to such outcome. RESULTS Of 1942 identified records, 16 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. 26% of the participants were already exposed to AD at baseline; at the end of the follow-up 13.5% (95% CI 10.2-17.1%) of them (n = 448) transitioned to psychosis against 21.0% (18.9 to 23.3%) of non-AD exposed CHR-P (n = 1371). CHR-P participants who were already under AD treatment at baseline had a lower risk of transition than non-AD exposed CHR-P. The RR was 0.71 (95% CI 0.56-0.90) in the fixed-effects model (z = -2.79; p = 0.005), and 0.78 (0.58-1.05) in the random-effects model (z = -1.77; p = 0.096; tau-squared = 0.059). There was no relevant heterogeneity (Cochran's Q = 18.45; df = 15; p = 0.239; I2 = 18.7%). CONCLUSIONS Ongoing AD exposure at inception in CHR-P is associated to a reduced risk of transition to psychosis at follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Raballo
- Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology (CTPDP), Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Miola A, Fountoulakis KN, Baldessarini RJ, Veldic M, Solmi M, Rasgon N, Ozerdem A, Perugi G, Frye MA, Preti A. Prevalence and outcomes of rapid cycling bipolar disorder: Mixed method systematic meta-review. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 164:404-415. [PMID: 37429185 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Rapid-cycling in bipolar disorder (RC-BD) is associated with greater illness morbidity and inferior treatment response but many aspects remain unclear, prompting this systematic review of its definitions, prevalence, and clinical characteristics. We searched multiple literature databases through April 2022 for systematic reviews or meta-analyses on RC-BD and extracted associated definitions, prevalence, risk-factors, and clinical outcomes. We assessed study quality (NIH Quality Assessment Tool) and levels of evidence (Oxford criteria). Of 146 identified reviews, 22 fulfilling selection criteria were included, yielding 30 studies involving 13,698 BD patients, of whom 3777 (27.6% [CI: 26.8-28.3]) were considered RC-BD, as defined in 14 reports by ≥4 recurrences/year within the past 12 months or in any year, without considering responsiveness to treatment. Random-effects meta-analytically pooled one-year prevalence was 22.3% [CI: 14.4-32.9] in 12 reports and lifetime prevalence was 35.5% [27.6-44.3] in 18 heterogenous reports. Meta-regression indicated greater lifetime prevalence of RC-BD among women than men (p=0.003). Association of RC-BD with suicide attempts, and unsatisfactory response to mood-stabilizers was supported by strong evidence (Level 1); associations with childhood maltreatment, mixed-features, female sex, and type-II BD had moderate evidence (Level 2). Other factors: genetic predisposition, metabolic disturbances or hypothyroidism, antidepressant exposure, predominant depressive polarity (Level 3), along with greater illness duration and immune-inflammatory dysfunction (Level 4) require further study. RC-BD was consistently recognized as having high prevalence (22.3%-35.5% of BD cases) and inferior treatment response. Identified associated factors can inform clinical practice. Long-term illness-course, metabolic factors, and optimal treatment require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Miola
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; International Consortium for Mood & Psychotic Disorders Research, Mailman Research Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA.
| | - Konstantinos N Fountoulakis
- Department of Psychiatry III, School of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ross J Baldessarini
- International Consortium for Mood & Psychotic Disorders Research, Mailman Research Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marin Veldic
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marco Solmi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) Clinical Epidemiology Program University of Ottawa Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Natalie Rasgon
- Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Aysegul Ozerdem
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Giulio Perugi
- Psychiatry Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mark A Frye
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy; Eating Disorders Center, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Corso Bramante 88, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Zerbinati L, Guerzoni F, Napoli N, Preti A, Esposito P, Caruso R, Bulighin F, Storari A, Grassi L, Battaglia Y. Psychosocial determinants of healthcare use costs in kidney transplant recipients. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1158387. [PMID: 37333548 PMCID: PMC10272730 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1158387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Psychosocial factors frequently occur in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), leading to behavioral alterations and reduced therapeutic adherence. However, the burden of psychosocial disorders on costs for KTRs is unknown. The aim of the study is to identify predictors of healthcare costs due to hospital admissions and emergency department access in KTRs. Methods This is a longitudinal observational study conducted on KTRs aged >18 years, excluding patients with an insufficient level of autonomy and cognitive disorder. KTRs underwent psychosocial assessment via two interviews, namely the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview 6.0 (MINI 6.0) and the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research Interview (DCPR) and via the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System Revised (ESAS-R) scale, a self-administrated questionnaire. Sociodemographic data and healthcare costs for hospital admissions and emergency department access were collected in the 2016-2021 period. Psychosocial determinants were as follows: (1) ESAS-R psychological and physical score; (2) symptomatic clusters determined by DCPR (illness behavior cluster, somatization cluster, and personological cluster); and (3) ICD diagnosis of adjustment disorder, anxiety disorder, and mood disorder. A multivariate regression model was used to test the association between psychosocial determinants and total healthcare costs. Results A total of 134 KTRs were enrolled, of whom 90 (67%) were men with a mean age of 56 years. A preliminary analysis of healthcare costs highlighted that higher healthcare costs are correlated with worse outcomes and death (p < 0.001). Somatization clusters (p = 0.020) and mood disorder (p < 0.001) were positively associated with costs due to total healthcare costs. Conclusions This study showed somatization and mood disorders could predict costs for hospital admissions and emergency department access and be possible risk factors for poor outcomes, including death, in KTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Zerbinati
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Guerzoni
- Programming and Management Control Service, Unit of Controls, St. Anna University-Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicola Napoli
- Programming and Management Control Service, Statistics Service, St. Anna University-Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pasquale Esposito
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rosangela Caruso
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Alda Storari
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, St. Anna University-Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luigi Grassi
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Yuri Battaglia
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, Verona, Italy
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15
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Kalcev G, Cossu G, Preti A, Littera MT, Frau S, Primavera D, Zaccheddu R, Matza V, Ermellino M, Pintus E, Carta MG. Development and Validation of the Questionnaire for Adaptive Hyperactivity and Goal Achievement (AHGA). Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2023; 19:e174501792303281. [PMID: 37916197 PMCID: PMC10351347 DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v19-e230419-2022-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective This paper illustrates the preliminary psychometric properties of the Questionnaire for Adaptive Hyperactivity and Goal Achievement (AHGA), aimed at measuring adaptive characteristics of hyperactivity and goal pursuit in older adults. Methods The 12-item scale was administered to a sample of 120 subjects (older adults) between February 2022 and June 2022. The reliability of AHGA was measured using Cronbach's alpha, and factor structure was established using parallel analysis (PA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Convergent validity was tested against the Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN). Results All included subjects have an average age of 74.1±5.1 years. AHGA reliability was good (Cronbach's alpha: 0.713 [95%CI: 0.630 to 0.783]). Factor analysis suggested two main components: goal achievement and hyperactivity, which explained 41% of the variance in the data. The results support the convergent validity of the scale: AHGA measures adaptive characteristics of hyperactivity and goal pursuit, in contrast to BRIAN, which measures pathological characteristics. Conclusion The reported findings represent an innovative approach to hyperthymic features by embracing a broader spectrum concept that conceptualizes the potential transition between pathological and adaptive aspects as a continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goce Kalcev
- Department of Innovation Sciences and Technologies at the University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giulia Cossu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Stèphanie Frau
- Department of Psychology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Diego Primavera
- Azienda Regionale della Salute (ARES, Sardegna), Medio Campidano, Italy
| | - Rosanna Zaccheddu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | - Elisa Pintus
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mauro G. Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Raballo A, Poletti M, Preti A. The temporal dynamics of transition to psychosis in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR-P) shows negative prognostic effects of baseline antipsychotic exposure: a meta-analysis. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:112. [PMID: 37019886 PMCID: PMC10076303 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02405-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Meta-analytic evidence indicates that baseline exposure to antipsychotics (AP) in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR-P) is associated with an even higher risk of transition to psychosis. However, the temporal dynamics of such prognostic effect have not been clarified yet. This study was therefore designed to address this knowledge gap. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all longitudinal studies published up to 31 December 2021 on CHR-P individuals identified according to a validated diagnostic procedure and reporting numeric data of transition to psychosis according to baseline antipsychotic exposure. 28 studies covering a total of 2405 CHR-P were included. 554 (23.0%) were exposed to AP at baseline, whereas 1851 (77.0%) were not. At follow-up (12 to 72 months), 182 individuals among AP-exposed (32.9%; 95% CI: 29.4% to 37.8%) and 382 among AP-naive CHR-P (20.6%; 18.8% to 22.8%) developed psychosis. Transition rates increased over time, with the best-fit for an ascending curve peaking at 24 months and reaching then a plateau, with a further increase at 48 months. Baseline AP-exposed CHR-P had higher transition risk at 12 months and then again at 36 and 48 months, with an overall higher risk of transition (fixed-effect model: risk ratio = 1.56 [95% CI: 1.32-1.85]; z = 5.32; p < 0.0001; Random-effect model: risk ratio = 1.56 [95% CI: 1.07-2.26]; z = 2.54; p = 0.0196). In conclusion, the temporal dynamics of transition to psychosis differ in AP-exposed vs. AP-naive CHR-P. Baseline AP exposure in CHR-P is associated with a persistently higher risk of transition at follow up, supporting the rationale for more stringent clinical monitoring in AP-exposed CHR-P. The insufficiency of more granular information in available primary literature (e.g., temporal and quantitative details of AP exposure as well as psychopathological dimensions in CHR-P) did not allow the testing of causal hypotheses on this negative prognostic association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Raballo
- Chair of Psychiatry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
- Cantonal Socio-psychiatric Organization (OSC), Public Health Division, Department of Health and Social Care, Repubblica e Cantone Ticino, Mendrisio, Switzerland
| | - Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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17
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Cella M, Roberts S, Pillny M, Riehle M, O'Donoghue B, Lyne J, Tomlin P, Valmaggia L, Preti A. Psychosocial and behavioural interventions for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia: a systematic review of efficacy meta-analyses. Br J Psychiatry 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36919340 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2023.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently there is no first-line treatment recommended for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Psychosocial and behavioural interventions are widely used to reduce the burden of negative symptoms. Meta-analytic studies have summarised the evidence for specific approaches but not compared evidence quality and benefit. AIM To review and evaluate the evidence from meta-analytic studies of psychosocial and behavioural interventions for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. METHOD A systematic literature search was undertaken to identify all meta-analyses evaluating psychosocial and behavioural interventions reporting on negative symptom outcomes in people with schizophrenia. Data on intervention, study characteristics, acceptability and outcome were extracted. Risk of bias was evaluated. Results were summarised descriptively, and evidence ranked on methodological quality. RESULTS In total, 31 systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria evaluating the efficacy of negative symptom interventions on 33 141 participants. Exercise interventions showed effect sizes (reduction in negative symptoms) ranging from -0.59 to -0.24 and psychological interventions ranging from -0.65 to -0.04. Attrition ranged between 12% to 32%. Across the studies considered heterogeneity varied substantially (range 0-100). Most of the reviews were of very low to low methodological quality. Methodological quality ranking suggested that the effect size for cognitive remediation and exercise therapy may be more robust compared with other approaches. CONCLUSIONS Most of the interventions considered had a small-to-moderate effect size, good acceptability levels but very few had negative symptoms as the primary intervention target. To improve the confidence of these effect sizes being replicated in clinical settings future studies should minimise risk of bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Cella
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; and South London and the Maudsley NHS Trust, UK
| | - Safina Roberts
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; and South London and the Maudsley NHS Trust, UK
| | - Matthias Pillny
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute for Psychology, Universität Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Riehle
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute for Psychology, Universität Hamburg, Germany
| | - Brian O'Donoghue
- Department of Psychiatry, University College Dublin, Ireland; and Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - John Lyne
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Ireland; and Health Service Executive, Newcastle Hospital, Ireland
| | - Paul Tomlin
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Lucia Valmaggia
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; South London and the Maudsley NHS Trust, UK; and Katholieke Leuven Universitet, Belgium
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Italy
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18
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Lavalle R, Condominas E, Haro JM, Giné-Vázquez I, Bailon R, Laporta E, Garcia E, Kontaxis S, Alacid GR, Lombardini F, Preti A, Peñarrubia-Maria MT, Coromina M, Arranz B, Vilella E, Rubio-Alacid E, Matcham F, Lamers F, Hotopf M, Penninx BWJH, Annas P, Narayan V, Simblett SK, Siddi S. The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Adults with Major Depressive Disorder from Catalonia: A Decentralized Longitudinal Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:5161. [PMID: 36982069 PMCID: PMC10048808 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study analyzes the effects of each containment phase of the first COVID-19 wave on depression levels in a cohort of 121 adults with a history of major depressive disorder (MDD) from Catalonia recruited from 1 November 2019, to 16 October 2020. This analysis is part of the Remote Assessment of Disease and Relapse-MDD (RADAR-MDD) study. Depression was evaluated with the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8), and anxiety was evaluated with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). Depression's levels were explored across the phases (pre-lockdown, lockdown, and four post-lockdown phases) according to the restrictions of Spanish/Catalan governments. Then, a mixed model was fitted to estimate how depression varied over the phases. A significant rise in depression severity was found during the lockdown and phase 0 (early post-lockdown), compared with the pre-lockdown. Those with low pre-lockdown depression experienced an increase in depression severity during the "new normality", while those with high pre-lockdown depression decreased compared with the pre-lockdown. These findings suggest that COVID-19 restrictions affected the depression level depending on their pre-lockdown depression severity. Individuals with low levels of depression are more reactive to external stimuli than those with more severe depression, so the lockdown may have worse detrimental effects on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Lavalle
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Condominas
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Iago Giné-Vázquez
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Bailon
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Estela Laporta
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Garcia
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Microelectrónica y Sistemas Electrónicos, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Spyridon Kontaxis
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Riquelme Alacid
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federica Lombardini
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Preti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Peñarrubia-Maria
- Health Technology Assessment in Primary Care and Mental Health (PRISMA) Research Group, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, 08830 St Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Regió Metropolitana Sud, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Coromina
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Arranz
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisabet Vilella
- Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, 43206 Reus, Spain
- Neuriociències i Salut Mental, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili-CERCA, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Reus, Spain
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Elena Rubio-Alacid
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Faith Matcham
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, East Sussex BN1 9QH, UK
| | - Femke Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health Program, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health Program, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Vaibhav Narayan
- Research and Development Information Technology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ 08560, USA
| | - Sara K. Simblett
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Sara Siddi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08830 Barcelona, Spain
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Perra A, Galetti A, Zaccheddu R, Locci A, Piludu F, Preti A, Primavera D, Di Natale L, Nardi AE, Kurotshka PK, Cossu G, Sancassiani F, Stella G, De Lorenzo V, Zreik T, Carta MG. A Recovery-Oriented Program for People with Bipolar Disorder through Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Remediation: Results of a Feasibility Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062142. [PMID: 36983145 PMCID: PMC10056011 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cognitive impairment is a frequent consequence of bipolar disorder (BD) that is difficult to prevent and treat. In addition, the quality of the preliminary evidence on the treatment of BD through Cognitive Remediation (CR) with traditional methods is poor. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a CR intervention with fully immersive Virtual Reality (VR) as an additional treatment for BD and offers preliminary data on its efficacy. Methods: Feasibility randomized controlled cross-over clinical study, with experimental condition lasting three months, crossed between two groups. Experimental condition: CR fully immersive VR recovery-oriented program plus conventional care; Control condition: conventional care. The control group began the experimental condition after a three months period of conventional care (waiting list). After the randomization of 50 people with BD diagnosis, the final sample consists of 39 participants in the experimental condition and 25 in the control condition because of dropouts. Results: Acceptability and tolerability of the intervention were good. Compared to the waitlist group, the experimental group reported a significant improvement regarding cognitive functions (memory: p = 0.003; attention: p = 0.002, verbal fluency: p = 0.010, executive function: p = 0.003), depressive symptoms (p = 0.030), emotional awareness (p = 0.007) and biological rhythms (p = 0.029). Conclusions: The results are preliminary and cannot be considered exhaustive due to the small sample size. However, the evidence of efficacy, together with the good acceptability of the intervention, is of interest. These results suggest the need to conduct studies with larger samples that can confirm this data. Trial registration: ClinicalTrialsgov NCT05070065, registered in September 2021
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Perra
- International PhD in Innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Alessia Galetti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rosanna Zaccheddu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Aurora Locci
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Piludu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Diego Primavera
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Egidio Nardi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | | | - Giulia Cossu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Sancassiani
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giusy Stella
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, ASL 5, 00034 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Thurayya Zreik
- Mental Health Service User Association, 11072070 Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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Sahu S, Siddi S, Preti A, Bhatia T, Deshpande SN. Subclinical psychotic symptoms in Indian adults: Application of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE). Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 81:103451. [PMID: 36682195 PMCID: PMC10101764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study investigated the psychometric properties of the Community, Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE-42), a self-report instrument in Indians. METHOD CAPE-42 was translated in Hindi and tested on 312 Indian adults recruited online and through paper-pencil assessment. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed to establish the factor structure of the positive, negative and depressive dimensions of CAPE-42: the bifactor model was tested to evaluate whether items converge into a major single factor defining psychotic-proneness in individuals. Latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify subgroups with a different endorsement of subclinical psychotic symptoms. , RESULTS CAPE-Hindi showed good reliability (Cronbach's alpha>0.80). CFA confirmed, a good fit for the bifactor model, factor loading was acceptable for all items in the general factor (Omega-h =0.83) and explained the primary variance of the subscales. Residual variance was explained by the positive, negative and depressive factors (Omega H =0.33, 0.04 and 0.12, respectively). LCA identified three classes traceable, to the three dimensions; a low endorsement group (n = 155; 50 %); a less consistent, group with endorsement on positive and depressive items (n = 117; 38 %), and a high, endorsement group (n = 40;13 %). CONCLUSION Hindi CAPE-42 showed good reliability and factorial validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushree Sahu
- National Coordination Unit of Implementation Research under NMHP, ICMR, Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, ABVIMS Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Road, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Sara Siddi
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Triptish Bhatia
- Indo-US Projects and NCU-ICMR, Department of Psychiatry and De-addiction, Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences-Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Smita N Deshpande
- Dept. of Psychiatry, De-addiction Services & Resource Center for Tobacco Control, Centre of Excellence in Mental Health, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences & Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, Banga Bandhu Sheikh Mujib Road, New Delhi 110001, India.
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21
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Ouali U, Zgueb Y, Jouini L, Aissa A, Jomli R, Ouertani A, Omrani A, Nacef F, Carta MG, Preti A. Accuracy of the Arabic HCL - 32 and MDQ in detecting patients with bipolar disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:70. [PMID: 36703141 PMCID: PMC9878752 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies about the two most used and validated instruments for the early detection of Bipolar Disorder (BD), the 32 - item Hypomania Checklist (HCL - 32) and the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ), are scarce in non-Western countries. This study aimed to explore the reliability, factor structure, and criterion validity of their Arabic versions in a sample of Tunisian patients diagnosed with mood disorders. METHODS The sample included 59 patients with BD, 86 with unipolar Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and 281 controls. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to show that a single global score was an appropriate summary measure of the screeners in the sample. Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis was used to assess the capacity of the translated screeners to distinguish patients with BD from those with MDD and controls. RESULTS Reliability was good for both tools in all samples. The bifactor implementation of the most reported two-factor model had the best fit for both screeners. Both were able to distinguish patients diagnosed with BD from putatively healthy controls, and equally able to distinguish patients diagnosed with BD from patients with MDD. CONCLUSION Both screeners work best in excluding the presence of BD in patients with MDD, which is an advantage in deciding whether or not to prescribe an antidepressant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uta Ouali
- Department Psychiatry A, Razi Hospital, Rue des Orangers, 2010 La Manouba, Tunisia ,grid.12574.350000000122959819Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia ,Research Laboratory LR18SP03, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Zgueb
- Department Psychiatry A, Razi Hospital, Rue des Orangers, 2010, La Manouba, Tunisia. .,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia. .,Research Laboratory LR18SP03, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Lamia Jouini
- grid.418149.10000 0000 8631 6364Centre de Compétences en Psychiatrie et Psychothérapie, Pôle de Psychiatrie et Psychothérapie, Hôpital du Valais (HVS)- Centre Hospitalier du Valais Romand, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Amina Aissa
- Department Psychiatry A, Razi Hospital, Rue des Orangers, 2010 La Manouba, Tunisia ,grid.12574.350000000122959819Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia ,Research Laboratory LR18SP03, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rabaa Jomli
- Department Psychiatry A, Razi Hospital, Rue des Orangers, 2010 La Manouba, Tunisia ,grid.12574.350000000122959819Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia ,Research Laboratory LR18SP03, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abdelhafidh Ouertani
- Department Psychiatry A, Razi Hospital, Rue des Orangers, 2010 La Manouba, Tunisia ,Research Laboratory LR18SP03, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Adel Omrani
- Tunisian Bipolar Forum, Erable Médical Cabinet 324, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fethi Nacef
- Department Psychiatry A, Razi Hospital, Rue des Orangers, 2010 La Manouba, Tunisia ,grid.12574.350000000122959819Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia ,Research Laboratory LR18SP03, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mauro G. Carta
- grid.7763.50000 0004 1755 3242Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Perra A, Riccardo CL, De Lorenzo V, De Marco E, Di Natale L, Kurotschka PK, Preti A, Carta MG. Fully Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Remediation for Adults with Psychosocial Disabilities: A Systematic Scoping Review of Methods Intervention Gaps and Meta-Analysis of Published Effectiveness Studies. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1527. [PMID: 36674283 PMCID: PMC9864668 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive Remediation (CR) programs are effective for the treatment of mental diseases; in recent years, Virtual Reality (VR) rehabilitation tools are increasingly used. This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the published randomized controlled trials that used fully immersive VR tools for CR programs in psychiatric rehabilitation. We also wanted to map currently published CR/VR interventions, their methods components, and their evidence base, including the framework of the development intervention of CR in fully immersive VR. METHODS Level 1 of evidence. This study followed the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews and Systematic Review. Three electronic databases (Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase) were systematically searched, and studies were included if they met the eligibility criteria: only randomized clinical trials, only studies with fully immersive VR, and only CR for the adult population with mental disorders. RESULTS We found 4905 (database) plus 7 (manual/citation searching articles) eligible studies. According to inclusion criteria, 11 studies were finally reviewed. Of these, nine included patients with mild cognitive impairment, one with schizophrenia, and one with mild dementia. Most studies used an ecological scenario, with improvement across all cognitive domains. Although eight studies showed significant efficacy of CR/VR, the interventions' development was poorly described, and few details were given on the interventions' components. CONCLUSIONS Although CR/VR seems to be effective in clinical and feasibility outcomes, the interventions and their components are not clearly described. This limits the understanding of the effectiveness and undermines their real-world implementation and the establishment of a gold standard for fully immersive VR/CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Perra
- International PhD in Innovation Sciences and Technologies, Department of Mechanical Chemistry and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Chiara Laura Riccardo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Erika De Marco
- Azienda Sociosanitaria Ligure 2, Dipartimento di Salute Mentale e delle Dipendenze, 17100 Savona, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
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Raballo A, Poletti M, Preti A. Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P) in children and adolescents: a roadmap to strengthen clinical utility through conceptual clarity. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023:10.1007/s00787-023-02139-2. [PMID: 36625988 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Raballo
- Public Health Division, Department of Health and Social Care, Cantonal Socio-Psychiatric Organization (OSC), Repubblica e Cantone Ticino, Mendrisio, Switzerland
- Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Michele Poletti
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Via Amendola 2, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Watson AJ, Harrison L, Preti A, Wykes T, Cella M. Cognitive trajectories following onset of psychosis: a meta-analysis - CORRIGENDUM. Br J Psychiatry 2023; 222:49. [PMID: 36373542 PMCID: PMC10895494 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2022.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Marzola E, Martini M, Longo P, Toppino F, Bevione F, Delsedime N, Abbate-Daga G, Preti A. Psychometric properties of the Italian body shape questionnaire: an investigation of its reliability, factorial, concurrent, and criterion validity. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:3637-3648. [PMID: 36352341 PMCID: PMC9803762 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01503-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was set up to investigate the reliability, factorial, concurrent, and criterion validity of the Italian version of the 34-item Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and its shorter versions. METHODS The study included 231 patients diagnosed with an eating disorder and 58 putatively healthy people (comparison sample). The Italian BSQ-34 was administered to participants together with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Information on body mass index, caloric intake at baseline, and the number of episodes of self-vomiting per week was also acquired. RESULTS Cronbach's alpha of BSQ-34 was 0.971 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.965-0.976) in patients and 0.960 (0.944-0.974) in controls. Test-retest stability in patients (n = 69), measured with intraclass correlation coefficient, was 0.987 (0.983-0.991). Confirmatory factor analysis of the single-factor model yielded acceptable fit for all versions of the BSQ. On all BSQ versions, patients scored higher than controls with a large effect size when calculated as Cliff's delta. BMI and mean caloric intake at baseline had a stronger association with BSQ-34 than levels of anxiety and depression. The analysis with the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve showed that the BSQ-34 distinguished patients with an eating disorder from controls with good accuracy (Area Under the Curve = 86.5; 95% CI 82.2-90.7). CONCLUSION The Italian version of the BSQ possesses good psychometric properties, in both the long and the shortened versions, and it can be applied to measure body dissatisfaction for both clinical and research purposes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Marzola
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Martini
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Longo
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Toppino
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Bevione
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Nadia Delsedime
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Abbate-Daga
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia, associated with poor functional outcomes. The course of cognitive function in the years following illness onset has remained a subject of debate, with a previous analysis finding no worsening, providing support for the neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia. Since then, many more studies have reported on longitudinal cognitive performance in early psychosis, with some indicating deterioration, which does not align with this view. AIMS This study aims to quantitatively review the literature on the longitudinal trajectory of cognitive deficits in the years following psychosis onset, in comparison with healthy controls. It is the first to also synthesise longitudinal data on social cognition. METHOD Electronic databases ('PubMed', 'PsycInfo' and 'Scopus') were searched (to end September 2021). Meta-analyses of 25 longitudinal studies of cognition in early psychosis were conducted (1480 patients, 789 health controls). Unlike previous analyses, randomised controlled trials and those with multiple cognitive testing periods within the first year were excluded to minimise bias (PROSPERO, ID: CRD42021241525). RESULTS Small improvements were observed for global cognition (g = 0.25, 95% CI 0.17-0.33) and individual cognitive domains, but these were comparable with healthy controls and likely an artefact of practice effects. CONCLUSIONS There is no evidence of continued cognitive decline or improvement in the early years following psychosis onset, with a need for more studies over longer follow-up periods. Practice effects highlight the importance of including control samples in longitudinal and intervention studies. Further data are needed to evaluate the course of social cognition subdomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Watson
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Lauren Harrison
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Antonio Preti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli studi di Torino, Italy
| | - Til Wykes
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Matteo Cella
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Siddi S, Giné-Vázquez I, Bailon R, Matcham F, Lamers F, Kontaxis S, Laporta E, Garcia E, Arranz B, Dalla Costa G, Guerrero AI, Zabalza A, Buron MD, Comi G, Leocani L, Annas P, Hotopf M, Penninx BWJH, Magyari M, Sørensen PS, Montalban X, Lavelle G, Ivan A, Oetzmann C, White KM, Difrancesco S, Locatelli P, Mohr DC, Aguiló J, Narayan V, Folarin A, Dobson RJB, Dineley J, Leightley D, Cummins N, Vairavan S, Ranjan Y, Rashid Z, Rintala A, Girolamo GD, Preti A, Simblett S, Wykes T, Myin-Germeys I, Haro JM. Biopsychosocial Response to the COVID-19 Lockdown in People with Major Depressive Disorder and Multiple Sclerosis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:7163. [PMID: 36498739 PMCID: PMC9738639 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in lifestyle, finances and work status during COVID-19 lockdowns may have led to biopsychosocial changes in people with pre-existing vulnerabilities such as Major Depressive Disorders (MDDs) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). METHODS Data were collected as a part of the RADAR-CNS (Remote Assessment of Disease and Relapse-Central Nervous System) program. We analyzed the following data from long-term participants in a decentralized multinational study: symptoms of depression, heart rate (HR) during the day and night; social activity; sedentary state, steps and physical activity of varying intensity. Linear mixed-effects regression analyses with repeated measures were fitted to assess the changes among three time periods (pre, during and post-lockdown) across the groups, adjusting for depression severity before the pandemic and gender. RESULTS Participants with MDDs (N = 255) and MS (N = 214) were included in the analyses. Overall, depressive symptoms remained stable across the three periods in both groups. A lower mean HR and HR variation were observed between pre and during lockdown during the day for MDDs and during the night for MS. HR variation during rest periods also decreased between pre- and post-lockdown in both clinical conditions. We observed a reduction in physical activity for MDDs and MS upon the introduction of lockdowns. The group with MDDs exhibited a net increase in social interaction via social network apps over the three periods. CONCLUSIONS Behavioral responses to the lockdown measured by social activity, physical activity and HR may reflect changes in stress in people with MDDs and MS. Remote technology monitoring might promptly activate an early warning of physical and social alterations in these stressful situations. Future studies must explore how stress does or does not impact depression severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Siddi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM (Madrid 28029), Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iago Giné-Vázquez
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM (Madrid 28029), Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Bailon
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50001 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Faith Matcham
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer BN1 9QH, UK
| | - Femke Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Mental Health Program, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Spyridon Kontaxis
- Aragón Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, 50001 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Estela Laporta
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Garcia
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Microelectrónica y Sistemas Electrónicos, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Belen Arranz
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM (Madrid 28029), Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gloria Dalla Costa
- Faculty of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Ana Isabel Guerrero
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Zabalza
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mathias Due Buron
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Giancarlo Comi
- Faculty of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Casa Cura Policlinico, 20144 Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Leocani
- Faculty of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Experimental Neurophysiology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology-INSPE, Scientific Institute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Matthew Hotopf
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Mental Health Program, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Melinda Magyari
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per S. Sørensen
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xavier Montalban
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Grace Lavelle
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Alina Ivan
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Carolin Oetzmann
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Katie M. White
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Sonia Difrancesco
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Locatelli
- Department of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy
| | - David C. Mohr
- Center for Behavioral Intervention Technologies, Department of Preventative Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jordi Aguiló
- Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red en el Área de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Microelectrónica y Sistemas Electrónicos, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Vaibhav Narayan
- Research and Development Information Technology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ 08560, USA
| | - Amos Folarin
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Richard J. B. Dobson
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Judith Dineley
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Daniel Leightley
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Nicholas Cummins
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Srinivasan Vairavan
- Research and Development Information Technology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ 08560, USA
| | - Yathart Ranjan
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Zulqarnain Rashid
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Aki Rintala
- Department for Neurosciences, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 7001 Leuven, Belgium
- Faculty of Social Services and Health Care, LAB University of Applied Sciences, 15210 Lahti, Finland
| | - Giovanni De Girolamo
- IRCCS Instituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Simblett
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Til Wykes
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, Psychology and Neuroscience, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | | | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Department for Neurosciences, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 7001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM (Madrid 28029), Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
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Poletti M, Gebhardt E, Pelizza L, Preti A, Raballo A. Neurodevelopmental Antecedents and Sensory Phenomena in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review Supporting a Phenomenological-Developmental Model. Psychopathology 2022:1-11. [PMID: 36282066 DOI: 10.1159/000526708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of models on obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) endorse a top-down perspective on the cognitive mechanisms underlying OCD functioning and maintenance, whereas a bottom-up perspective is rarely pursued. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to review the empirical literature on sensory phenomena (SP) and neurodevelopmental antecedents of OCD, which could support the conceptualization of an alternative, bottom-up perspective integrating neurodevelopmental and phenomenological levels of analysis on OCD. METHODS A systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycInfo, the Cochrane Library, and Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) and focused on SP and "neurodevelopmental antecedents" (operationalized in early risk factors, neuroimaging signs, neurological soft signs, and sensory responsivity). The time interval was from inception up to March 31, 2022. RESULTS From the search in electronic databases, 48 studies were retained and reviewed. SP are highly prevalent in OCD patients and overrepresented in comparison with healthy controls. Similarly, OCD patients also present a higher prevalence of early environmental adversities and sensorimotor alterations in terms of neurological soft signs and sensory over-responsivity in the tactile and acoustic domains; additional findings included hypogyrification signs at neuroimaging. Both sensorimotor alterations and SP are associated with tic-related manifestations and poorer insight in OCD patients. CONCLUSIONS On the ground of established common subjective experience of SP and premorbid neurodevelopmental features, we hypothesized an explanatory model for OCD, which considers the possible pathophysiological role for altered corollary discharge and enhanced error detection in the neurodevelopment of SP and obsessions. SP may represent the subjective experiential resonance of an individual history of persistently inaccurate sensory predictions, whereas accompanying manifestations, such as the obsessive need for order and symmetry, may represent a compensatory attempt to mitigate SP. This neurodevelopmental-phenomenological bottom-up model, describing a dimensional gradient of sensorimotor alterations and related subjective experiences, may contribute to explain the dimensional affinity between OCD and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Furthermore, this model could be useful for the early detection of subjects at higher risk of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Poletti
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Eva Gebhardt
- Melograno Medical Psychotherapy Centre, Rome, Italy.,Department of Mental Health, ASL Roma 4, Civitavecchia, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pelizza
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, AUSL of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology, Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
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Perra A, De Lorenzo V, Zaccheddu R, Locci A, Piludu F, Preti A, Di Natale L, Galetti A, Nardi AE, Cossu G, Sancassiani F, Barbato S, Cesaretti O, Kurotshka PK, Carta MG. Cognitive Remediation Virtual Reality Tool a Recovery-Oriented Project for People with Bipolar Disorder: Protocol of a Feasibility Randomized Clinical Trial. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2022; 18:e174501792208220. [PMID: 37274852 PMCID: PMC10158082 DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v18-e2208220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive deficits are considered a fundamental component of bipolar disorder due to the fact that they negatively impact personal/social functioning. Cognitive remediation interventions are effective in the treatment of various psychosocial disorders, including bipolar disorder. The use of Virtual reality as a rehabilitation tool has produced scientific evidence in recent years, especially in cardiovascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal rehabilitation. This study aims at evaluating the feasibility of a Cognitive Remediation Virtual Reality Program (CEREBRUM) for people with bipolar disorder in psychiatric rehabilitation. Material and Methods Feasibility randomized controlled cross-over clinical study; we randomized 50 people from the Consultation and Psychosomatic Psychiatry Center of the University Hospital of Cagliari (San Giovanni di Dio Civil Hospital) with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. We propose a cognitive remediation program in virtual reality (CEREBRUM), 3 months with 2 weekly sessions, for the experimental group and a usual care program for the control group (psychiatric visit and/or psychotherapy). Results The results of the trial will be published in international peer-reviewed journals and will be disseminated at international meetings and congress. Discussion This RCT aims, with regards to its feasibility and design, to provide information about a confirmatory trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a Virtual Reality Cognitive Remediation program in psychiatric rehabilitation for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in people with bipolar disorder. Conclusion The results that we analyzed at the end of the RCT will have an impact on psychiatric rehabilitation research with a focus on improving the application of technologies for mental health.Trial registration: ClinicalTrialsgov NCT05070065, registered on September 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Perra
- International Ph.D. in Innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Rosanna Zaccheddu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Aurora Locci
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Piludu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Galetti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Cossu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Sancassiani
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | - Peter Konstantin Kurotshka
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of General Practice, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Mauro G. Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Piras M, Perra A, Gureje O, Preti A, Carta MG. The Current Quality of Web-Based Information on the Treatment of Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Search. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11185427. [PMID: 36143075 PMCID: PMC9501527 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11185427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: An important aspect of managing chronic disorders like bipolar disorder is to have access to relevant health information. This study investigates and compares the quality of information on the treatments of bipolar disorder that is available on English websites, as an international language, and on Italian websites, as a popular local language. Methods: A systematic review search was obtained from four search engines. We excluded unrelated materials, scientific papers, and duplicates. We analyzed popularity with PageRank; technological quality with Nibbler; readability with the Flesh Reading Ease test and Gulpease index; quality of information with the DISCERN scale, the JAMA benchmark criteria, and on the extent of adherence to the HONCode. Results: 35 English and 31 Italian websites were included. The English websites were found to have a higher level of quality information and technological quality than the Italian ones. Overall, the websites were found to be difficult to read, requiring a high level of education. Conclusions: These results can be important to inform guidelines for the improvement of health information and help users to reach a higher level of evidence on the websites. Users should find the benefits of treatment, support for shared decision-making, the sources used, the medical editor’s supervision, and the risk of postponing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Piras
- Innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Perra
- Innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-348-144-4501
| | - Oye Gureje
- Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital, Ibadan 200285, Nigeria
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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31
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Gargano G, Caletti E, Perlini C, Turtulici N, Bellani M, Bonivento C, Garzitto M, Siri FM, Longo C, Bonetto C, Cristofalo D, Scocco P, Semrov E, Preti A, Lazzarotto L, Gardellin F, Lasalvia A, Ruggeri M, Marini A, Brambilla P. Language production impairments in patients with a first episode of psychosis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272873. [PMID: 35951619 PMCID: PMC9371299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Language production has often been described as impaired in psychiatric diseases such as in psychosis. Nevertheless, little is known about the characteristics of linguistic difficulties and their relation with other cognitive domains in patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP), either affective or non-affective. To deepen our comprehension of linguistic profile in FEP, 133 patients with FEP (95 non-affective, FEP-NA; 38 affective, FEP-A) and 133 healthy controls (HC) were assessed with a narrative discourse task. Speech samples were systematically analyzed with a well-established multilevel procedure investigating both micro- (lexicon, morphology, syntax) and macro-linguistic (discourse coherence, pragmatics) levels of linguistic processing. Executive functioning and IQ were also evaluated. Both linguistic and neuropsychological measures were secondarily implemented with a machine learning approach in order to explore their predictive accuracy in classifying participants as FEP or HC. Compared to HC, FEP patients showed language production difficulty at both micro- and macro-linguistic levels. As for the former, FEP produced shorter and simpler sentences and fewer words per minute, along with a reduced number of lexical fillers, compared to HC. At the macro-linguistic level, FEP performance was impaired in local coherence, which was paired with a higher percentage of utterances with semantic errors. Linguistic measures were not correlated with any neuropsychological variables. No significant differences emerged between FEP-NA and FEP-A (p≥0.02, after Bonferroni correction). Machine learning analysis showed an accuracy of group prediction of 76.36% using language features only, with semantic variables being the most impactful. Such a percentage was enhanced when paired with clinical and neuropsychological variables. Results confirm the presence of language production deficits already at the first episode of the illness, being such impairment not related to other cognitive domains. The high accuracy obtained by the linguistic set of features in classifying groups support the use of machine learning methods in neuroscience investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gargano
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Caletti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Perlini
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Verona Hospital Trust–Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona–AOUI, Verona, Italy
| | - Nunzio Turtulici
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Verona Hospital Trust–Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona–AOUI, Verona, Italy
| | - Carolina Bonivento
- IRCCS “E.Medea” Polo Friuli Venezia Giulia, San Vito al Tagliamento, PN, Italy
| | - Marco Garzitto
- Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesca Marzia Siri
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Longo
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonetto
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Doriana Cristofalo
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Scocco
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda ULSS 16, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Mental Health, Niguarda Ca’ Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Lazzarotto
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Lasalvia
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Verona Hospital Trust–Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona–AOUI, Verona, Italy
| | - Mirella Ruggeri
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Verona Hospital Trust–Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona–AOUI, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Marini
- Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Meneghelli A, Cocchi A, Meliante M, Barbera S, Malvini L, Monzani E, Preti A, Percudani M. Time-course of clinical symptoms in young people at ultra-high risk for transition to psychosis. Early Interv Psychiatry 2022; 16:600-608. [PMID: 34296524 PMCID: PMC9543341 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultra-high risk (UHR) people are a heterogeneous group with variable outcomes. This study aimed at (a) estimating trajectories of response to treatment to identify homogeneous subgroups; (b) establishing the impact on these trajectories of known predictors of outcome in UHR subjects. METHODS Mixed models of growth curves and latent class growth analysis (LCGA) were applied to the 24-item brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) to measure the response to treatment over 2 years in 125 UHR participants. Group differences were tested on sociodemographic variables and clinical indicators that are known to affect the outcome in UHR people. RESULTS BPRS scores decreased across all tested models, with a greater decrease for affective and positive symptoms than for all other dimensions of BPRS. Past admissions to the hospital for psychiatric reasons other than psychosis and the presence of a decline in premorbid functioning before the episode were associated with a slower decrease of BPRS score. LCGA identified three classes, one (82% of participants) with a progressive decrease in the BPRS scores, a second class with a moderate improvement (10%), and a third with no improvement (8%). Those in the 'no improvement' class had a higher chance of receiving a diagnosis of psychosis within the spectrum of schizophrenia. CONCLUSION Most UHR individuals that are treated within a specialized service undergo substantial improvement in their psychopathology, but some seem resistant to the protocol of treatment and need close reevaluation within the first 12 months of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Meneghelli
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Cocchi
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Meliante
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Barbera
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lara Malvini
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Emiliano Monzani
- Department of Mental Health & Drug Abuse, ASST Bergamo Ovest - Treviglio, Niguarda Hospital, BG, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Percudani
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Poletti M, Preti A, Raballo A. Eating Disorders and Psychosis as Intertwined Dimensions of Disembodiment: A Narrative Review. Clin Neuropsychiatry 2022; 19:187-192. [PMID: 35821871 PMCID: PMC9263683 DOI: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20220307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although psychosis is not one of the most commonly recognized psychiatric comorbidities of Eating Disorders (ED), there is an increasing empirical evidence of associations between these psychopathological conditions. Indeed, ED as well as early manifestations of schizophrenic psychosis emerge during developmental years and might present some affinities in the presentation at onset. For example, adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) may report psychotic-like eating-related symptoms such as delusional-like body image distortions and/or "anorexic voice". Conversely, early expressions of schizophrenia spectrum vulnerability might involve altered bodily experiences, delusional ideation on food and eating as well as pseudo-anorectic behaviors. From a phenomenological perspective, this partial symptomatic overlap may lie on common features of disturbed corporeality in terms of disembodiment, although these alterations of embodiment are presumably rooted in distinct pathogenetic pathways (e.g., primary childhood ontogenetic pathway in schizophrenia vs. a secondary adolescent ontogenetic pathway in AN). A clinical-phenomenological attitude could be important not only to better discern potential overlaps and affinities between the two conditions, but also to better conceptualize and treat those background alterations of the embodied self. In particular, a phenomenological exploration of the experiential side of eating-related behaviors could be a decisive step to support early differential diagnosis and treatment appropriateness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy,Corresponding author Michele Poletti Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, Reggio Emilia, Italy, phone +39052233550 E-mail:
| | | | - Andrea Raballo
- Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy,Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology
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Raballo A, Poletti M, Preti A. Vaccine Hesitancy, Anti-Vax, COVID-Conspirationism: From Subcultural Convergence to Public Health and Bioethical Problems. Front Public Health 2022; 10:877490. [PMID: 35615038 PMCID: PMC9124823 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.877490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Raballo
- Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology (CTPDP), Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Michele Poletti
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Mozzanica F, Preti A, Gera R, Gallo S, Bulgheroni C, Bandi F, Ottaviani F, Castelnuovo P. Correction to: Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the SNOT-22 into Italian. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 279:3753-3754. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Preti A, Raballo A, Meneghelli A, Cocchi A, Meliante M, Barbera S, Malvini L, Monzani E, Percudani M. Antipsychotics are related to psychometric conversion to psychosis in ultra-high-risk youth. Early Interv Psychiatry 2022; 16:342-351. [PMID: 33951751 PMCID: PMC9291179 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prescription of antipsychotics outside overt psychotic conditions remains controversial, especially in youth where it is relatively widespread. Furthermore, some studies seem to indicate that antipsychotic exposure in individuals at ultra-high-risk (UHR) for psychosis is associated with higher conversion rates. This study was set up to test whether the inter-current prescription of antipsychotics in UHR patients was related to the psychometric threshold for a diagnosis of psychosis. METHODS The 24-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to quantify treatment response up to 2 years in 125 UHR participants. Standard psychometric criteria were used to quantify conversion to psychosis. Kaplan-Mayer and Cox proportional hazard survival analysis were applied to determine the impact of having or not received the prescription of an antipsychotic drug. RESULTS Over the study period 30 (24%) subjects received the prescription of an antipsychotic. In the sample, there were 31 participants (25%) who had reached the psychometric threshold for conversion to psychosis after 2 years of treatment. UHR people who received a prescription of antipsychotics during the first 2 years of treatment were statistically more likely to reach the psychometric threshold for conversion to psychosis on the BPRS: Hazard ratio = 3.03 (95%CI: 1.49-6.16); p = .003. CONCLUSION This finding supports the hypothesis that the prescription of antipsychotics within UHR cohorts is to be considered a red flag for higher incipient risk of conversion to psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Preti
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology (CTPDP), Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Anna Meneghelli
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Cocchi
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Meliante
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Barbera
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lara Malvini
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Emiliano Monzani
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Percudani
- Programma2000 - Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health, Niguarda Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Flore G, Preti A, Carta MG, Deledda A, Fosci M, Nardi AE, Loviselli A, Velluzzi F. Weight Maintenance after Dietary Weight Loss: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Effectiveness of Behavioural Intensive Intervention. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061259. [PMID: 35334917 PMCID: PMC8953094 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
After a low-calorie diet, only 25% of patients succeed in maintaining the result of weight loss for a long time. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to explore whether patients undergoing intensive intervention during the maintenance phase have a greater preservation of the weight achieved during the previous slimming phase than controls. A bibliographic search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases for clinical trials and randomised, controlled trials investigating the role of choice in weight-loss-maintenance strategies. Only studies with a follow-up of at least 12 months were considered. A total of eight studies, for a total of 1454 patients, was identified, each comparing a group that followed a more intensive protocol to a control group. Our metanalysis highlighted that an intensive approach even in the maintenance phase could be important to ensure greater success in the phase following the weight-loss period. However, it should be pointed out that the improvement was not so different from the trend of the respective controls, with a non-statistically significant mean difference of the effect size (0.087; 95% CI −0.016 to 0.190 p = 0.098). This finding, along with the observation of a weight regain in half of the selected studies, suggests this is a long work that has to be started within the weight-loss phase and reinforced during the maintenance phase. The problem of weight control in patients with obesity should be understood as a process of education to a healthy lifestyle and a balanced diet to be integrated in the context of a multidisciplinary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Flore
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (A.D.); (M.F.); (A.L.); (F.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-070-6754230
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10124 Torino, Italy;
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Andrea Deledda
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (A.D.); (M.F.); (A.L.); (F.V.)
| | - Michele Fosci
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (A.D.); (M.F.); (A.L.); (F.V.)
| | - Antonio Egidio Nardi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil;
| | - Andrea Loviselli
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (A.D.); (M.F.); (A.L.); (F.V.)
| | - Fernanda Velluzzi
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (A.D.); (M.F.); (A.L.); (F.V.)
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Carta MG, Aviles Gonzalez CI, Minerba L, Pau M, Musu M, Velluzzi F, Ferreli C, Pintus E, Machado S, Romano F, Vacca V, Preti A, Cossu G, Atzori L. Exercise in Older Adults to Prevent Depressive Symptoms at the Time of Covid-19: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial with Follow-Up. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2022; 18:e174501792112231. [PMID: 37274849 PMCID: PMC10156046 DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v18-e2112231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to verify, through a randomized controlled trial, whether a medium-intensity mixing/aerobic/anaerobic exercise (accessible to older adults even with mild chronic diseases) can effectively counteract depressive episodes. A characteristic of the trial was that the follow-up coincided (unscheduled) with the lockdown due to Covid-19. Methods Participants (N=120) were randomized into an intervention group, performing physical exercise, and a control group. Participants, aged 65 years and older, belonged to both genders, living at home, and cleared a medical examination, were evaluated with a screening tool to detect depressive episodes, the PHQ9, at pre-treatment, end of the trial (12-week), and follow-up (48-week). Results A decrease in the frequency of depressive episodes after the trial (T1) was found in both groups; however, a statistically significant difference was observed only in the control group (p=0.0039). From T1 to follow-up (conducted during the lockdown), the frequency of depressive episodes increased in the control group, reaching a frequency equal to the time of study entry (p=0.788). In the experimental group, the frequency of depressive episodes did not change at the end of the trial but reached a statistically significant difference compared to the start of the study (p = 0.004) and was higher than the control group (p=0.028). Conclusion Moderate-intensity physical exercise can be conducted safely, benefitting older adults even suffering from mild chronic disorders. Physical exercise seems to guarantee a long-term preventive effect towards depressive symptoms, especially in serious stressful situations such as the lockdown due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Clinical Trial Registration Number NCT03858114
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Cesar Ivan Aviles Gonzalez
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Universidad del Cesar, Valledupar, Colombia
| | - Luigi Minerba
- Department Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pau
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Chimica e dei Materiali, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mario Musu
- Department Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fernanda Velluzzi
- Department Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Caterina Ferreli
- Department Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisa Pintus
- Department Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sergio Machado
- Department of Sports and Methods Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil
- Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience, Neurodiversity Institute, Queimados-RJ, Brazil
| | - Ferdinando Romano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Università Roma Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Veronica Vacca
- Department Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Cossu
- Department Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Laura Atzori
- Department Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Perra A, Preti A, De Lorenzo V, Nardi AE, Carta MG. Quality of information of websites dedicated to obesity: a systematic search to promote high level of information for Internet users and professionals. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:1-9. [PMID: 33665782 PMCID: PMC8860948 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-01089-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Internet is increasingly used as a source of information. This study investigates with a multidimensional methodology the quality of information of websites dedicated to obesity treatment and weight-loss interventions. We compared websites in English, a language that it is used for the international scientific divulgation, and in Italian, a popular local language. METHODS Level of Evidence: Level I, systematic review search on four largely used search engines. Duplicated and unrelated websites were excluded. We checked: popularity with PageRank; technological quality with Nibbler; readability with the Flesch Reading Ease test or the Gulpease readability index; quality of information with the DISCERN scale, the JAMA benchmark criteria, and the adherence to the Health on the Net Code. RESULTS 63 Italian websites and 41 English websites were evaluated. English websites invested more in the technological quality especially for the marketing, experience of the user, and mobile accessibility. Both the Italian and English websites were of poor quality and readability. CONCLUSIONS These results can inform guidelines for the improvement of health information and help Internet users to achieve a higher level of information. Users must find benefits of treatment, support to the shared decision-making, the sources used, the medical editor's supervision, and the risk of postponing the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Perra
- Department of Health Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Health Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | - Mauro G Carta
- Department of Health Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Raballo A, Poletti M, Preti A. Editorial Perspective: Psychosis risk in adolescence - outcomes, comorbidity, and antipsychotics. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 63:241-244. [PMID: 34085715 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Research on Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis (CHR-P) has led to a vigorous change in the field of early detection in psychiatry and is gradually expanding its focus toward early development. The Annual Research Review on psychosis risk in adolescents (Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62, 2020 and 657) offers a wide-angle meta-analytical picture of such emerging trends in all areas relevant to CHR-P Research, that is, detection, prognosis, and intervention. This editorial perspective is meant to expand the clinical and conceptual reach of these meta-analytic findings in relation to (a) the influence of age on transition rate and scalability of the early detection model across the child-adolescent vs adult periods; (b) potential latent heterogeneity of the pathogenetic trajectories leading to CHR-P as suggested by comorbid psychopathologies; (c) controversial (or at least problematic) prognostic significance of antipsychotic exposure in CHR-P subjects, especially in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Raballo
- Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology (CTPDP), Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Quijada Y, Saldivia S, Bustos C, Preti A, Ochoa S, Castro-Alzate E, Siddi S. Measurement invariance between online and paper-and-pencil formats of the Launay-Slade Hallucinations scale-extended (LSHS-E) in the Chilean population: Invariance between LSHS-E formats. Curr Psychol 2022; 42:1-12. [PMID: 35068905 PMCID: PMC8761522 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02497-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Research on the multidimensionality of hallucination-like experiences (HLEs) can contribute to the study of psychotic risk. The Launay-Slade Hallucinations Scale-Extended (LSHS-E) is one of the most widely used tools for research in HLEs, but the correspondence of its paper and online formats has not been established yet. Therefore, we studied the factorial structure and measurement invariance between online and paper-and-pencil versions of LSHS-E in a Chilean population. Two thousand eighty-six completed the online version, and 578 students completed the original paper-and-pencil version. After matching by sex, age, civil status, alcohol and cannabis consumption, and psychiatric treatment received, we selected 543 students from each group. We conducted a confirmatory factor analysis of a four-factor model and a hierarchical model that included a general predisposition to hallucination, explaining the strong relationship between the different types of hallucinations. Both models showed a good fit to the data and were invariant between paper-and-pencil and online versions. Also, the LSHS-E has good reliability in both online and paper-and-pencil formats. This study shows that the online LSHS-E possesses psychometric properties equivalent to the paper-and-pencil version. It should be considered a valuable tool for research of psychosis determinants in the COVID-19 era. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-021-02497-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanet Quijada
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Sandra Saldivia
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Claudio Bustos
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Antonio Preti
- Dipartimento di neuroscienze, Università degli studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Susana Ochoa
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu. CIBERSAM, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu. Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona Spain
| | - Elvis Castro-Alzate
- Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Escuela de Rehabilitación Humana, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Sara Siddi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu. CIBERSAM, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu. Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona Spain
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Poletti M, Preti A, Raballo A. Mind the (transition) gap: Youth mental health-oriented early intervention services to overcome the child-adolescent vs. adult hiatus. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:965467. [PMID: 36061290 PMCID: PMC9428274 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.965467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology (CTPDP), Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
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Preti A, Meneghelli A, Poletti M, Raballo A. Through the prism of comorbidity: A strategic rethinking of early intervention in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Schizophr Res 2022; 239:128-133. [PMID: 34875511 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The diagnostic criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have undergone minor changes in DSM-5 yet a major turnaround intervened in the overarching categorical allocation. OCD indeed has been separated from the anxiety disorders and included in an autonomous class of OCD-related disorders. Converging factors, i.e., the specificity of the clinical phenotype, the robust evidence for familial aggregation, the availability of effective treatments, and the increasing awareness of the role of environmental factors in its onset and course make OCD a suited target for tailored early intervention programs. However, studies on the topic are still scarce and OCD remains marginally conceptualized within an overdue early detection/intervention framework. Starting from the consolidated clinical evidence of OCD extensive comorbidity with schizophrenia-spectrum and bipolar disorders, we articulate a strategic proposal for a more integral incorporation of OCD within early detection and intervention paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Anna Meneghelli
- Programma2000-Center for Early Detection and Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Mental Health, ASST Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology (CTPDP), Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
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Sancassiani F, Gambino S, Lindert J, Sali L, Pinna I, Origa G, Cossu G, Scartozzi M, Preti A. The Reliability and Test-Retest Stability of the Treatment Perception Questionnaire (TPQ) in the Oncology Field: A Pilot Study. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2021; 17:324-330. [PMID: 35444706 PMCID: PMC8985465 DOI: 10.2174/1745017902117010324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Patients' satisfaction is an indicator of technical, instrumental, environmental, and interpersonal aspects of care. It shows how much the health service “as a whole organization” meets the patients’ psychosocial expectations and if the health professionals combine their technical competence with relational skills. The Treatment Perception Questionnaire (TPQ) is a brief instrument developed in the United Kingdom for research with substance abuse disorder populations. The present study aimed at evaluating the reliability and test-retest stability of the TPQ Italian translation in a sample of patients with solid and blood cancers.
Methods:
The TPQ was administered to 263 people with solid and blood cancers. Test-retest reliability was evaluated in a subgroup of 116 participants who completed the TPQ again after 3 months.
Results:
The reliability of TPQ was good. Cronbach’s alpha: 0.83 (95%CI: 0.79-0.86), 0.66 (0.59-0.72), 0.71 (0.65-0.769), respectively, in the total test, and in subscales on “staff perception”, and “program perception”. Test-retest reliability was 0.82 (0.77-0.87). The mean difference between the first and the second assessment was 1.0 (SD = 7.1; 95% CI -0.35 to 2.33). By plotting the differences and the means of the two assessments, 5/116 cases (4.3%) were outside the upper and lower limits of agreement.
Conclusions:
This study points out good reliability and test-retest stability of the TPQ in the oncology field. The TPQ can be used to assess variation over time about satisfaction with care in patients with oncological diseases, favoring the identification of unmet patients’ needs about the quality of the service.
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Piras M, Scano A, Orrù G, Preti A, Marchese C, Kalcev G. Can an Investigation of a Single Gene be Effective in Differentiating Certain Features of the Bipolar Disorder Profile? Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2021; 17:187-189. [PMID: 35173786 PMCID: PMC8728559 DOI: 10.2174/1745017902117010187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is amongst the most common heritable mental disorders, but the clarification of its genetic roots has proven to be very challenging. Many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified to be associated with BD. SNPs in the CACNA1C gene have emerged as the most significantly associated with the disease. The aim of the present study is to provide a concise description of SNP 1006737 variants identified by Real Time PCR and confirm sequencing analysis with the Sanger method in order to estimate the association with BD. The molecular method was tested on 47 Sardinian subjects of whom 23 were found to not be mutated, 1 was found to be a carrier of the homozygous A allele and 23 were found to be carriers of the heterozygous G allele. Moreover, the positive results of the preliminary application suggest that the development of the screener could be extended to the other 5 genetic variables identified as associated with BD.
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Carta MG, Cossu G, Pintus E, Zaccheddu R, Callia O, Conti G, Pintus M, Aviles Gonzalez CI, Massidda MV, Mura G, Sardu C, Contu P, Minerba L, Demontis R, Pau M, Finco G, Cocco E, Penna MP, Orr G, Kalcev G, Cabras F, Lorrai S, Loviselli A, Velluzzi F, Monticone M, Cacace E, Musu M, Rongioletti F, Cauli A, Ruggiero V, Scano A, Crisafulli A, Cosentino S, Atzori L, Massa E, Mela Q, Fortin D, Migliaccio G, Machado S, Romano F, Preti A. Moderate Exercise Improves Cognitive Function in Healthy Elderly People: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2021; 17:75-80. [PMID: 34733346 PMCID: PMC8493830 DOI: 10.2174/1745017902117010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Physical activity in the elderly is recommended by international guidelines to protect against cognitive decline and functional impairment. Objective This Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) was set up to verify whether medium-intensity physical activity in elderly people living in the community is effective in improving cognitive performance. Design RCT with parallel and balanced large groups. Setting Academic university hospital and Olympic gyms. Subjects People aged 65 years old and older of both genders living at home holding a medical certificate for suitability in non-competitive physical activity. Methods Participants were randomized to a 12-week, 3 sessions per week moderate physical activity program or to a control condition focused on cultural and recreational activities in groups of the same size and timing as the active intervention group. The active phase integrated a mixture of aerobic and anaerobic exercises, including drills of "life movements", strength and balance. The primary outcome was: any change in Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R) and its subscales. Results At the end of the trial, 52 people completed the active intervention, and 53 people completed the control condition. People in the active intervention improved on the ACE-R (ANOVA: F(1;102)=4.32, p=0.040), and also showed better performances on the memory (F(1;102)=5.40 p=0.022) and visual-space skills subscales of the ACE-R (F(1;102)=4.09 p=0.046). Conclusion A moderate-intensity exercise administered for a relatively short period of 12 weeks is capable of improving cognitive performance in a sample of elderly people who live independently in their homes.Clinical Trials Registration No: NCT03858114.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giulia Cossu
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisa Pintus
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rosanna Zaccheddu
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Omar Callia
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuliana Conti
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mirra Pintus
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Maria Valeria Massidda
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences and Publcic Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Chimica e Dei Materiali, Cagliari, Italy.,Department of Education, University of Cagliari, Psychology and Philosophy, Cagliari, Italy.,Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.,Comitato Olimpico Nazionale Italiano, Sezione Sardegna, Rome, Italy.,Departament of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil.,Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience, Neurodiversity Institute, Queimados-RJ, Brazil.,Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Gioia Mura
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Claudia Sardu
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paolo Contu
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luigi Minerba
- Department of Medical Sciences and Publcic Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Roberto Demontis
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pau
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Chimica e Dei Materiali, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gabriele Finco
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cocco
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Germano Orr
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Goce Kalcev
- Comitato Olimpico Nazionale Italiano, Sezione Sardegna, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Cabras
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stefano Lorrai
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Loviselli
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fernanda Velluzzi
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Monticone
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Enrico Cacace
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mario Musu
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Franco Rongioletti
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alberto Cauli
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Valeria Ruggiero
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Scano
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Crisafulli
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sofia Cosentino
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Laura Atzori
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elena Massa
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Quirico Mela
- Department of Medical Sciences and Publcic Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Dario Fortin
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Sergio Machado
- Departament of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil.,Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience, Neurodiversity Institute, Queimados-RJ, Brazil
| | - Ferdinando Romano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università degli studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
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Kalcev G, Preti A, Scano A, Orrù G, Carta MG. Insight into susceptibility genes associated with bipolar disorder: a systematic review. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:5701-5724. [PMID: 34604962 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202109_26789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe disorder, and it is associated with an increased risk of mortality. About 25% of patients with BD have attempted and 11% have died by suicide. All these characteristics suggest that the disorders within the bipolar spectrum are a crucial public health problem. With the development of molecular genetics in recent decades, it was possible to more easily detect risk genes associated with this disorder. This study aimed at summarizing the findings of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the topic and assessing the quality of the available evidence. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed/Medline and Web of Science were searched to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses published during 2013-2019. Standard methodology was applied to synthesize and assess the retrieved literature. RESULTS This systematic review identifies a number of potential risk genes associated with bipolar disorder whose mechanism of action has yet to be confirmed. They are divided into several groups: 1) a list of the most significant susceptibility genetic factors associated with BD; 2) the implication of the ZNF804A gene in BD; 3) the role of genes involved in calcium signaling in BD; 4) DNA methylation in BD; 5) BD and risk suicide genes; 6) susceptibility genes for early-onset BD; 7) candidate genes common to both BD and schizophrenia; 8) genes involved in cognitive status in BD cases; 9) genes involved in structural alteration in BD brain tissue; 10) genes involved in lithium response in BD. CONCLUSIONS Future research should concentrate on molecular mechanisms by which genetic variants play a major role in BD. Supplemental research is needed to replicate the applicable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kalcev
- Innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
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Raballo A, Poletti M, Preti A. Applying Transgenerational Scientific Evidence to the Next Wave of Early Identification Strategies for Psychopathological Risk-Transdiagnostic, Developmental, and Personalized. JAMA Psychiatry 2021; 78:1067-1068. [PMID: 34347022 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.1901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Raballo
- Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology, Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michele Poletti
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Raballo A, Poletti M, Preti A. Individualized Diagnostic and Prognostic Models for Psychosis Risk Syndromes: Do Not Underestimate Antipsychotic Exposure. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 90:e33-e35. [PMID: 34001370 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Raballo
- Section of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy; Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology, Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Michele Poletti
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service, Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Lisi G, Raballo A, Ribolsi M, Niolu C, Siracusano A, Preti A. Aberrant salience in adolescents is related to indicators of psychopathology that are relevant in the prodromal phases of psychosis. Early Interv Psychiatry 2021; 15:856-864. [PMID: 32893966 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Aberrant salience has been considered as a predisposing factor during prodromal phases of psychosis and in ultra high-risk subjects. Most studies investigated the presence of aberrant salience in general population as a measure of vulnerability to psychosis. This study aimed atinvestigating the level of aberrant salience in a sample of Italian high-school students. METHODS Aberrant salience was measured with the Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI) and its association with measures of general psychopathology (Youth Self Report [YSR]) was tested. A sample of 312 high school students (115 boys, 197 girls; age range: 14 to 19) was recruited. RESULTS Within the ASI and the YSR, the subscales did associate with each other at medium to large effect size, while the associations of the ASI subscales to the YRS scales had small effect sizes, indicating that the two tools measure different constructs. Latent Class Analysis revealed a distribution of aberrant salience across three classes with the intermediate class corresponding to more than half of the sample (58.3%). The class with the highest endorsement of the ASI items included 101 subjects (32.4%). Greater differences by classes were found in the "increased significance" and the "impending understanding" subscales. Higher aberrant salience was found on the anxious/depressed, the somatic complaints, and the thought problems scales of the YSR. CONCLUSIONS Aberrant salience represents a common experience in the adolescent population and is associated with various psychopathological disorders, in particular, thought disorder. Aberrant salience might be involved in proneness to psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lisi
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Mental Health Department, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Psychiatry, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Center for Translational, Phenomenological and Developmental Psychopathology, Perugia University Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michele Ribolsi
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Fondazione Policlinico "Tor Vergata,", Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Niolu
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Fondazione Policlinico "Tor Vergata,", Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Siracusano
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Fondazione Policlinico "Tor Vergata,", Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Center for Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, University Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Genneruxi Medical Center, Cagliari, Italy
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